WO2018179617A1 - Procédé de récupération d'éléments constitutifs à partir d'un article absorbant usagé - Google Patents

Procédé de récupération d'éléments constitutifs à partir d'un article absorbant usagé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018179617A1
WO2018179617A1 PCT/JP2017/045384 JP2017045384W WO2018179617A1 WO 2018179617 A1 WO2018179617 A1 WO 2018179617A1 JP 2017045384 W JP2017045384 W JP 2017045384W WO 2018179617 A1 WO2018179617 A1 WO 2018179617A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
absorbent article
used absorbent
film
water
sheet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/045384
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
孝義 小西
利夫 平岡
範朋 亀田
Original Assignee
ユニ・チャーム株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ユニ・チャーム株式会社 filed Critical ユニ・チャーム株式会社
Priority to EP17902697.6A priority Critical patent/EP3603919B1/fr
Priority to CN201780086819.6A priority patent/CN110382191B/zh
Priority to CN202110856908.2A priority patent/CN113649396B/zh
Priority to EP21171940.6A priority patent/EP3878618B1/fr
Publication of WO2018179617A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018179617A1/fr
Priority to US16/568,869 priority patent/US11224994B2/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/0075—Disposal of medical waste
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L11/00—Methods specially adapted for refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/10—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an adsorption step
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B43/00—Operations specially adapted for layered products and not otherwise provided for, e.g. repairing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B43/006—Delaminating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
    • B29B2017/0021—Dividing in large parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0224—Screens, sieves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0286—Cleaning means used for separation
    • B29B2017/0289—Washing the materials in liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0293—Dissolving the materials in gases or liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/48—Wearing apparel
    • B29L2031/4871—Underwear
    • B29L2031/4878—Diapers, napkins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
    • D21B1/026—Separating fibrous materials from waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/11—Methods of delaminating, per se; i.e., separating at bonding face
    • Y10T156/1111—Using solvent during delaminating [e.g., water dissolving adhesive at bonding face during delamination, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/11—Methods of delaminating, per se; i.e., separating at bonding face
    • Y10T156/1111—Using solvent during delaminating [e.g., water dissolving adhesive at bonding face during delamination, etc.]
    • Y10T156/1116—Using specified organic delamination solvent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/11—Methods of delaminating, per se; i.e., separating at bonding face
    • Y10T156/1142—Changing dimension during delaminating [e.g., crushing, expanding, warping, etc.]
    • Y10T156/1147—Using shrinking or swelling agent during delaminating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for recovering a component from a used absorbent article.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a method for reusing used paper diapers. This method includes a step of breaking a used paper diaper into pieces, a step of throwing the broken paper diaper into a decomposition drum, and a pulp component (including a high-molecular polymer) and a non-removal of the input paper diaper using a decomposition drum. A step of decomposing into pulp components, and a step of separating the decomposed pulp components and non-pulp components.
  • the decomposing step when the broken paper diaper is put into the decomposing drum into which industrial water or seawater has been poured, the broken diaper is formed by a plurality of protrusions provided on the inner surface of the rotating decomposing drum. Decomposed into pulp and non-pulp components. Non-pulp components are reused as recycled resin and the like. In the pulp component, the high molecular weight polymer is broken into fine particles by a grinder and discarded, and the pulp is recovered.
  • Patent Document 1 when a used paper diaper is decomposed into a pulp component and a non-pulp component, the paper diaper is broken into a plurality of small pieces (fragments) in advance.
  • the paper diaper is broken into a plurality of small pieces, there is a possibility that chips and pieces are generated at the broken portions of the small pieces.
  • used absorbent articles are discarded in a rolled or folded state with the top sheet facing inward so that excrement is not exposed to the front side and odors do not diffuse around. It is normal. Therefore, in the used absorbent article, since the position to be broken and the shape of the broken portion are not constant, there is a strong tendency to generate chips and the like.
  • the method for recovering the components from the used absorbent article in the present invention is as follows. (1) A top sheet, a back sheet, and an absorber disposed between the top sheet and the back sheet, wherein at least one of the top sheet and the back sheet includes a film as a constituent member,
  • the absorbent is a method for recovering the constituent member from a used absorbent article containing an absorbent material as a constituent member, the pretreatment step for swelling the used absorbent article with water, and the swollen use
  • a physical impact is applied to the used absorbent article to decompose the used absorbent article into at least the film and the absorbent material, and the decomposed film and the absorbent material are separated.
  • a separation step is applied to the used absorbent article to decompose the used absorbent article into at least the film and the absorbent material, and the decomposed film and the absorbent material are separated.
  • the used absorbent article in the pretreatment step, is allowed to absorb water without breaking or the like and without inactivating the superabsorbent polymer. Therefore, water can be absorbed with respect to a used absorbent article to an amount close to the maximum absorption amount of the used absorbent article (example: 80% by mass or more of the maximum absorption amount). That is, the used absorbent article can be brought into a very expanded state with water. As a result, a very high internal pressure is generated in the used absorbent article. Due to the internal pressure, the used absorbent article can be changed from a rounded state or a folded state when discarded in water to a flatly developed state.
  • the used absorbent article is very expanded, so that any part of its surface is likely to be broken.
  • the used absorbent article in such a state that it is unfolded and flat and is likely to tear off any part of the surface due to expansion is physically lifted, for example, lifted upward from the base.
  • the impact is applied by repeating the method of dropping downward and colliding with the base.
  • a further impact is applied to the used absorbent article where any part of the surface is likely to break, so that the surface is torn (peeled) and the absorbent material inside the used absorbent article is torn. It will be ejected (jumped out) through.
  • a used absorbent article can be decomposed into at least a film and an absorbent material.
  • the film substantially maintains the same shape as that of the absorbent article, that is, the original shape, except for partial cracks and the like. Therefore, the size, shape, and mass of the film are clearly different from the size and shape of the absorber material compared to the case where it is broken into fragments before being disassembled. It can be easily separated from the body material.
  • a structural member such as a film can be separated from other structural members while maintaining the shape as it is without breaking. Therefore, a constituent member such as a film of an absorbent article can be efficiently recovered.
  • the absorbent material contains a superabsorbent polymer and pulp fibers
  • the separation step is performed with an aqueous solution containing an inactivating agent before separating the film and the absorbent material.
  • a step of separating may be included.
  • the superabsorbent polymer before inactivation is in a state of high viscosity and cannot be easily separated from the film.
  • the superabsorbent polymer before separating the film and the absorbent material, the superabsorbent polymer is inactivated and the superabsorbent polymer is dehydrated.
  • the film since the viscosity of the superabsorbent polymer can be reduced, the film can be easily separated from the superabsorbent polymer, and hence from the mixture containing pulp fibers. Therefore, a constituent member such as a film of an absorbent article can be efficiently recovered.
  • the swollen used absorbent article is placed in a horizontal rotary drum; and the used absorbent article is rotated by rotating the rotary drum, Lift from the lower area in the vertical direction in the rotating drum to the upper area on the upper side, and drop by gravity from the upper area to the lower area to collide with the inner surface of the rotating drum in the lower area
  • the method as described in said (1) or (2) including the process of giving a physical impact to the said used absorbent article by doing.
  • a physical impact is applied to a used absorbent article by using a horizontal rotating drum (eg, a rotating drum of a washing tub of a horizontal washing machine) that rotates around a virtual rotating shaft extending in the horizontal direction. Can be provided continuously and stably.
  • the used absorbent article placed on the inner surface of the rotating drum is lifted from the lower region to the upper region in the rotating drum by the rotation of the rotating drum, and lowered from the upper region to the lower region by gravity.
  • the used absorbent article can be impacted by colliding with the inner surface of the lower region.
  • the impact by such a collision can be applied stably, continuously and easily.
  • the joint part of the surface sheet (nonwoven fabric or film) and the back sheet (film) in the used absorbent article can be stably torn (peeled), and the used absorbent article can be separated from the film and the absorbent material. Can be reliably decomposed.
  • the pretreatment step includes a step of swelling the used absorbent article with the water at 70 ° C. or higher and 98 ° C. or lower. It may be the method described.
  • the adhesive that joins the film and the other member can be softened by the heat of water, and the joining force of the adhesive can be reduced. .
  • water exists reliably as a liquid by making the temperature of water 98 degrees C or less, it can be made to absorb water reliably by a used absorbent article.
  • the joint portion between the top sheet (nonwoven fabric or film) and the back sheet (film) whose joint strength has been reduced is torn (peeled), and the absorbent material inside the used absorbent article is torn. It can be made to squirt out (jump out) through. Thereby, a used absorbent article can be more reliably decomposed into at least a film and an absorbent material. Further, sterilization is extremely important in the reuse of used absorbent articles. By making the temperature of the water 70 ° C. or higher, it is possible to achieve an effect of sterilization (disinfection).
  • the pretreatment step includes the step of causing the used absorbent article to absorb the water in an amount of 90% by mass or more of the maximum absorption amount of the used absorbent article (1)
  • the joint between the top sheet (nonwoven fabric or film) and the back sheet (film) is more reliably torn (peeled off) by the physical impact given to the used absorbent article in the decomposition step. ),
  • the absorbent material inside the used absorbent article can be ejected (jumped out) through the slit.
  • the separation step includes a step of removing the adhesive at the joining portion with a solvent that dissolves the adhesive at the joining portion between the film and another member.
  • the method according to any one of 5) may be used.
  • the adhesive at the joint portion between the film (example: film on the back sheet) and another member (example: film on the top sheet or nonwoven fabric or absorbent material) is removed with a solvent, the film and the other member. Can be separated from each other while maintaining the intact shape without breaking or the like. Therefore, a constituent member such as a film of an absorbent article can be efficiently recovered.
  • a film and another member can be isolate
  • This method may be the method according to (6) above, wherein (7) the solvent includes at least one terpene selected from the group consisting of terpene hydrocarbons, terpene aldehydes, and terpene ketones.
  • the solvent includes at least one terpene selected from the group consisting of terpene hydrocarbons, terpene aldehydes, and terpene ketones.
  • the adhesive can be dissolved and removed more reliably.
  • the terpene has a high oil stain cleaning effect, when the used absorbent article has other oil components (for example, printing ink), the oil components can be decomposed and removed. Thereby, the film can be reused as a high-purity resin.
  • the separation step includes the step of removing the solvent by heating and drying the film after the step of removing the adhesive at the joining portion. It may be the method described in 1. Sterilization is extremely important in the reuse of used absorbent articles.
  • the separated film is heated and dried, that is, dried in a high-temperature atmosphere or hot air to evaporate and remove the solvent remaining on the surface of the film. Can be sterilized with. Thereby, it is possible to achieve the effect of sterilization (disinfection) while removing the solvent, and it is possible to efficiently recover the structural members such as the film of the absorbent article.
  • the pulp fiber is separated from the separated mixture, and the separated pulp fiber is treated with an aqueous solution containing an oxidizing agent to form the pulp fiber.
  • the method according to (2) above comprising a step of lowering the molecular weight of the remaining superabsorbent polymer and solubilizing and removing it.
  • the superabsorbent polymer remaining in the pulp fiber can be solubilized and removed by oxidation with an oxidant (eg, ozone), so that a highly pure pulp fiber with a low superabsorbent polymer mixing ratio can be recovered. Therefore, the constituent members of the absorbent article can be efficiently recovered.
  • the used absorbent article is at least one selected from the group consisting of a disposable diaper, a urine pad, a sanitary napkin, a bed sheet, and a pet sheet.
  • the method as described in any one of these may be sufficient.
  • the constituent member such as a film is efficiently recovered from the used absorbent article without breaking the used absorbent article. It becomes possible.
  • a used absorbent article is an absorbent article used by a user, and is usually an absorbent article in a state in which a user's liquid excrement is absorbed.
  • the used absorbent articles include those that have been used but have not absorbed excrement, and unused ones.
  • An absorptive article is provided with a surface sheet, a back sheet, and an absorber arranged between a surface sheet and a back sheet.
  • absorbent articles include paper diapers, urine pads, sanitary napkins, bed sheets, and pet sheets.
  • the top sheet, the back sheet, and the absorbent body are formed from constituent members such as a nonwoven fabric, a film, a pulp fiber, and a superabsorbent polymer, and are bonded to each other by an adhesive or the like.
  • An example of the size of the absorbent article is about 15 to 100 cm in length and 5 to 100 cm in width.
  • Examples of the constituent member of the surface sheet include a nonwoven fabric or a film, and specifically include a liquid-permeable nonwoven fabric, a synthetic resin film having liquid-permeable holes, and a composite sheet thereof.
  • Examples of the constituent member of the back sheet include a non-woven fabric or a film, and specifically include a liquid-impermeable non-woven fabric, a liquid-impermeable synthetic resin film, and a composite sheet of these non-woven fabric and synthetic resin film.
  • the material of the nonwoven fabric or the synthetic resin film is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as an absorbent article.
  • an olefin resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, or a polyamide such as 6-nylon or 6,6-nylon.
  • Polyester resins such as polyethylene resins, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), etc., among which polyethylene is preferred.
  • At least one of the top sheet and the back sheet of the absorbent article includes a film as a constituent member.
  • the constituent member of the back sheet is a film
  • the constituent member of the top sheet is a nonwoven fabric.
  • the back sheet may include a breathable exterior sheet on the side opposite to the absorber in the thickness direction.
  • a constituent member of the exterior sheet the same constituent member as the back sheet can be used.
  • the exterior sheet is bonded to the back sheet with an adhesive.
  • the surface sheet may include a water-repellent side sheet on both outer sides in the width direction. Examples of the constituent member of the side sheet include a nonwoven fabric subjected to water repellent treatment and a synthetic resin film having air permeability.
  • the side sheet is bonded to the top sheet with an adhesive.
  • the absorbent article includes an exterior sheet or a side sheet
  • the film may include the exterior sheet or the side sheet.
  • a filler inorganic filler
  • the filler material is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as an absorbent article.
  • the filler material include calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, barium carbonate, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, talc, silica, clay, Examples include kaolin, alumina, mica, or a combination of at least two of these.
  • the moldability and stretchability of the film material the moisture permeability, air permeability, strength, and the like of the resulting porous film can be controlled.
  • the constituent members of the absorber include absorber materials, that is, pulp fibers and superabsorbent polymers.
  • the pulp fiber is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as an absorbent article, and examples thereof include cellulosic fibers. Examples of cellulosic fibers include wood pulp, crosslinked pulp, non-wood pulp, regenerated cellulose, semi-synthetic cellulose, and the like.
  • the superabsorbent polymer (SAP) is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as an absorbent article. For example, polyacrylate, polysulfonate, and maleate anhydride water-absorbing polymers are available. Can be mentioned.
  • One side and the other side of the absorber are joined to the top sheet and the back sheet via an adhesive, respectively.
  • a portion (peripheral portion) of the top sheet that extends to the outside of the absorber so as to surround the absorber is outside the absorber of the back sheet so as to surround the absorber. It is joined to the extended part (peripheral part) via an adhesive. Therefore, the absorber is wrapped in the joined body of the top sheet and the back sheet.
  • the adhesive is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as an absorbent article and is softened by warm water described later to reduce the bonding force, and examples thereof include a hot melt adhesive.
  • hot-melt adhesives include pressure-sensitive adhesives or heat-sensitive adhesives mainly composed of rubbers such as styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene, styrene-butadiene-styrene, styrene-isoprene-styrene, or olefins such as polyethylene. Agents and the like.
  • each used absorbent article is collected, collected or obtained from the outside for reuse (recycling). Further, in this embodiment, each used absorbent article has a top sheet on which the excrement is excreted so that the excrement is not exposed to the front side and the odor is not diffused to the surroundings. And collected in a rolled state or a folded state. In addition, the used absorbent article may not be in a rolled state.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of a method for recovering a component from a used absorbent article.
  • the method includes a pretreatment step S1 for swelling a used absorbent article with water, a physical impact is applied to the swollen used absorbent article, and the used absorbent article is at least a film and an absorbent material. And a separation step S3 for separating the decomposed film and the absorber material.
  • a pretreatment step S1 for swelling a used absorbent article with water
  • a physical impact is applied to the swollen used absorbent article
  • the used absorbent article is at least a film and an absorbent material.
  • a separation step S3 for separating the decomposed film and the absorber material.
  • the pretreatment step S1 remains in the state when the used absorbent article is recovered from the outside, that is, without being broken or cut, and in a rolled or folded state ( That is, the water is absorbed and swollen without inactivating the superabsorbent polymer of the absorber.
  • the used absorbent article is allowed to absorb hot water to swell, or the water absorbed and expanded after being absorbed is heated to warm water.
  • Hot water refers to water at a temperature higher than normal temperature (20 ° C. ⁇ 15 ° C. (5-35 ° C.): JIS Z 8703).
  • the amount of liquid excreta actually absorbed in a used absorbent article is very small compared to the maximum absorption amount that can be absorbed by the absorbent article (example: about 10 to 20 of the maximum absorption amount). mass%).
  • water is used up to an amount close to the maximum absorption amount of the used absorbent article (example: 80% by mass or more of the maximum absorption amount).
  • the entire used absorbent article is heated to the temperature of warm water.
  • a used absorbent article can be made into the state expanded very much with warm water or normal temperature water (henceforth "hot water” only).
  • warm water or normal temperature water normally temperature water
  • hot water normal temperature water
  • the purpose of making the water warm is mainly to weaken the adhesive strength of the adhesive as will be described later.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a state change of the used absorbent article in the pretreatment step S1 of FIG.
  • Fig. 2 (a) shows the state of the used absorbent article before soaking in warm water
  • Fig. 2 (b) shows the state of the used absorbent article after soaking in warm water.
  • the used absorbent article 1 is initially in a state of being rolled up or folded with the back sheet 3 outside (hidden the top sheet 2 inside).
  • the absorbent body 4 of the used absorbent article 1 absorbs warm water in the warm water and expands. As a result, the internal pressure of the used absorbent article 1 increases.
  • the used absorbent article 1 in a rolled state or a folded state is generally flat so as to open outward and expose the topsheet 2. become. That is, the used absorbent article 1 can be in a state of being flattened in warm water.
  • the absorbent body 4 absorbs a large amount of warm water and the used absorbent article 1 is very expanded, any of the surface sheet, that is, the top sheet 2 and the back sheet 3 enclosing the absorbent body 4 is used. That part seems to be easily cut off.
  • the used absorbent article can be in a state in which any surface is likely to be torn.
  • any part of the surface is likely to be easily broken in that state. This state cannot occur when the used absorbent article of Patent Document 1 is broken or the like.
  • the used absorbent article is immersed in warm water and / or absorbs warm water, thereby softening the adhesive (eg, hot melt adhesive) used for joining between the constituent members by the heat of warm water.
  • the bonding strength of the adhesive can be reduced.
  • the adhesive which joins the peripheral part of a surface sheet and the peripheral part of a back sheet can be softened with the heat of warm water, and the joining force of the adhesive agent can be reduced.
  • the adhesive which joins a surface sheet and an absorber and the adhesive which joins a back sheet and an absorber can be softened with the heat of warm water, and the joining force of those adhesives can be reduced.
  • the pretreatment step S1 due to the expansion of the absorbent body of the used absorbent article, a state where any part of the surface of the used absorbent article is likely to be broken and the bonding force of the adhesive is reduced. State. By setting the used absorbent article in such a state, the used absorbent article can be reliably decomposed in the decomposition step described later.
  • the temperature of the hot water in the pretreatment step S1 is not particularly limited as long as the adhesive of the used absorbent article can be softened, and for example, 60 ° C or higher is mentioned, and preferably 70 ° C or higher and 98 ° C or lower.
  • the pretreatment step S1 preferably includes a step of swelling the used absorbent article with hot water of 70 ° C. or higher and 98 ° C. or lower. Adhesive that joins the film (in this embodiment, the back sheet) and other members (in this embodiment, the nonwoven fabric of the top sheet or the absorber material of the absorber) by setting the temperature of the hot water to 70 ° C. or higher.
  • the temperature of the hot water is more preferably 75 ° C. or higher and 90 ° C. or lower, and further preferably 75 ° C. or higher and 85 ° C. or lower.
  • the temperature of hot water in a state where the used absorbent article is immersed is measured, or the temperature 5 mm inside from the surface of the used absorbent article that has absorbed water to an amount close to the maximum absorption amount ( Insert the tip of the temperature sensor) and measure.
  • the treatment time in the pretreatment step S1 that is, the time during which the used absorbent article is immersed in warm water is not particularly limited as long as the absorbent body of the used absorbent article can expand, and is, for example, 2 to 60 minutes, preferably 4 to 30 minutes. If the time is too short, the absorber cannot sufficiently expand, and if it is too long, the time is wasted and the processing cost is unnecessarily increased.
  • the amount of warm water absorbed by the absorbent body in the pretreatment step S1 is not particularly limited as long as the absorbent body can be expanded to the extent that the used absorbent article can be decomposed in the below-described decomposition process. 80 mass% or more of the maximum absorption is mentioned, Preferably it is 90 mass% or more.
  • the pretreatment step S1 preferably includes a step of causing the used absorbent article to absorb warm water (water) in an amount of 90% by mass or more of the maximum absorption amount of the used absorbent article. Thereby, a used absorbent article can be made into the state fully expanded with water. As a result, an extremely high internal pressure can be generated in the absorbent body of the used absorbent article.
  • the used absorbent article If the used absorbent article is in a folded state or the like due to its extremely high internal pressure, the used absorbent article can be developed into a flat state very easily. At the same time, due to the expansion of the absorbent body, it is possible to more reliably generate a state in which the surface of the used absorbent article is likely to tear off. As a result, the used absorbent article can be more reliably decomposed by a physical impact given to the used absorbent article in the decomposition step described later.
  • the maximum absorption is measured by the following procedure.
  • An unused absorbent article is dried in an atmosphere of 100 ° C. or higher, and the mass of the absorbent article is measured.
  • an elastic material that can form a pocket that makes it difficult for water to reach the absorber (example: elastic members around the legs and waist) is placed in the absorbent article, cut into the elastic members To make the absorbent article flat.
  • the absorbent article is immersed in a water bath filled with sufficient tap water with the surface sheet facing down, and left for 30 minutes.
  • the absorbent article is placed on a net with the top sheet facing down, drained for 20 minutes, and then the mass of the absorbent article is measured. And the mass difference before and behind soaking in tap water is defined as the maximum absorption amount.
  • the weight per used absorbent article is approximately the same in all the used absorbent articles by absorbing hot water up to the maximum absorption amount of the used absorbent articles. (If the type of used absorbent article is the same). Therefore, by dividing the weight of all the used absorbent articles at that time by the weight per used absorbent article at that time, the collected used absorbent that was unknown at the time of collection of the disposable absorbent article The total number of sex goods can be estimated. Thereby, the collection amount of each component can be estimated. For example, the number of films to be collected and the amount of adhesive to be processed can be estimated from the total number of used absorbent articles collected. Therefore, in the process after the pretreatment process S1, the amount of the treatment liquid when each component member is individually treated can be easily estimated, and can be easily adjusted.
  • a physical impact is applied to the used absorbent article developed and swollen in the pretreatment step S1, and the used absorbent article is converted into at least a film (back sheet) and an absorbent material (absorber).
  • the used absorbent article is converted into at least a film (back sheet) and an absorbent material (absorber).
  • decompose disassembles into a film (back surface sheet) and a nonwoven fabric (surface sheet), and absorber material (absorber).
  • the used absorbent article is unfolded and flattened by the pretreatment step S1, and any part of the surface is likely to tear off due to expansion.
  • the adhesive is particularly affected by the heat of hot water.
  • the bonding force is reduced. Therefore, in the decomposition step S2, by applying a physical impact to the used absorbent article in that state, the surface sheet (nonwoven fabric) and the back sheet (particularly, the bonding strength is reduced among any part of the surface)
  • the joint with the film is broken. Thereby, the joint part can be torn (peeled off).
  • the physical impact is not particularly limited.For example, a method of hitting the used absorbent article against a surface made of a material harder than the used absorbent article, or the used absorbent article is arranged to face each other.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a decomposition method in the decomposition step S2 of FIG. 3 (a) to 3 (c) show a method of applying a physical impact to the used absorbent article 1.
  • the rotary drum 20 is a horizontal rotary drum that rotates (R) around a virtual rotation axis A extending in the horizontal direction HD.
  • the rotating drum 20 include a rotating drum of a washing tub of a horizontal washing machine, and therefore, the decomposition step S2 can be performed using a horizontal washing machine.
  • the horizontal washing machine for example, ECO-22B manufactured by Inamoto Seisakusho Co., Ltd. can be used.
  • the rotary drum 20 has a lower lower area LA, an upper upper area UA, and a central area MA between the lower area LA and the upper area UA in the vertical direction VD.
  • the lower region LA is preferably a region of D / 3 below the vertical direction VD in the rotating drum 20 and more preferably a region of D / 4, where D is the inner diameter of the rotating drum 20.
  • the upper area UA is preferably a D / 3 area on the upper side of the vertical direction VD in the rotary drum 20, and more preferably a D / 4 area.
  • the inner diameter D ⁇ depth is 50 to 150 cm ⁇ 30 to 120 cm.
  • the used absorbent article 1 is placed on the inner surface of the rotating drum 20 in the lower region LA.
  • the number of the used absorbent articles 1 to be placed is an amount that can give a sufficient impact to the used absorbent articles 1 in the impact process, and is within the lower region LA at the maximum. Is a number. When the number is too large, the movement of the used absorbent article in the rotary drum 20 becomes small, and it becomes impossible to give an impact to the used absorbent article.
  • the rotating drum 20 is rotated to lift the used absorbent article 1 from the lower area LA in the rotating drum 20 to the upper area UA. Then, as shown in FIG. 3C, the used absorbent article 1 is lowered from the upper area UA to the lower area LA by gravity, and collides with the inner surface of the rotary drum 20 in the lower area LA. By such a process, the used absorbent article 1 can be physically impacted.
  • the rotational speed of the rotary drum 20 is not particularly limited as long as the impact process can be realized, and examples thereof include 30 times / minute to 100 times / minute.
  • the temperature of the used absorbent article 1 is kept at a relatively high temperature by the hot water absorbed in the used absorbent article 1, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the temperature of the adhesive and to maintain the sterilizing effect. Therefore, the temperature of the atmosphere in the rotary drum 20 is preferably 70 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 75 ° C. or higher.
  • the temperature in the rotating drum 20 is preferably 98 ° C. or less, more preferably 90 ° C. or less, from the viewpoint of handling the used absorbent article 1.
  • the amount of water in the rotating drum 20 is preferably as small as possible, and is preferably so small that the used absorbent article 1 does not fall below the water surface at least in the impact process.
  • the impact on the used absorbent article 1 is absorbed by water, and it is difficult to give a desired impact to the used absorbent article 1.
  • the processing time in the impacting process is not particularly limited as long as the top sheet 2, the back sheet 3, and the absorbent material can be decomposed, and is, for example, 2 to 40 minutes. It is preferably 4 to 20 minutes.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example of the used absorbent article 1 decomposed in the decomposition step of FIG.
  • the used absorbent article 1 is torn and tears due to a physical impact at the joint between the top sheet 2 (nonwoven fabric) and the back sheet 3 (film).
  • the absorbent material (pulp fiber 8 and water-absorbing polymer 6) in the used absorbent article 1 is ejected (sprayed out) through the slit 10 by the internal pressure of the absorbent body 4. .
  • the used absorbent article 1 can be decomposed
  • the used absorbent article 1 is impacted against the used absorbent article 1 by hitting the used absorbent article 1 by gravity from the upper area UA to the lower area LA using the horizontal rotary drum 20. Can be given. Then, by continuing the rotation of the rotary drum 20, such an impact can be applied stably, continuously and easily. Thereby, the junction part of the surface sheet 2 (nonwoven fabric) and the back surface sheet 3 (film) in the used absorbent article 1 can be more stably torn (peeled), and the used absorbent article 1 is absorbed into the film. It can be reliably decomposed by the body material. Existing washing machines can also be used.
  • a some film (back surface sheet) and a some nonwoven fabric (surface sheet) and absorber material (a pulp fiber and a water absorbing polymer) are isolate
  • the nonwoven fabric may be bonded to a film.
  • the top sheet (nonwoven fabric) and the back sheet (film) generally maintain the same shape as that of the absorbent article, that is, the original shape.
  • the size, shape, and mass of the top sheet (nonwoven fabric) and the back sheet (film) are clearly different from the size and shape of the absorber material, compared to the case where the surface sheet (nonwoven fabric) and the back sheet (film) are broken into pieces before being disassembled. Therefore, in the separation step S3, the top sheet (nonwoven fabric) and the back sheet (film) can be easily separated from the absorbent material (pulp fibers and water-absorbing polymer).
  • the separation method include a method using a sieve that does not pass through the top sheet and the back sheet but passes through the absorbent material. Thereby, a structural member such as a film can be separated from other structural members while maintaining the shape as it is without breaking. Therefore, a constituent member such as a film of an absorbent article can be efficiently recovered.
  • the separation step S3 includes an inactivation step S31 for inactivating the superabsorbent polymer with an aqueous solution containing an inactivation agent, before separating the film and the absorbent material, the film, and the pulp fiber. , A first separation step S32 for separating the deactivated superabsorbent polymer and the mixture containing waste water discharged from the superabsorbent polymer due to inactivation.
  • the top sheet nonwoven fabric
  • the back sheet film
  • the absorbent material pulp fiber and superabsorbent polymer
  • Soak in an aqueous solution containing a suitable inactivator thereby, the superabsorbent polymer adhering to the top sheet, the back sheet and the pulp fiber can be inactivated.
  • the superabsorbent polymer having a high viscosity state before the inactivation can be converted into a superabsorbent polymer having a low viscosity state by dehydration by inactivation.
  • the inactivating agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include inorganic acids, organic acids, lime, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, aluminum sulfate, and aluminum chloride. Of these, inorganic acids and organic acids are preferred because they do not leave ash in the pulp fibers.
  • the pH of the inorganic acid aqueous solution or the organic acid aqueous solution is 2.5 or less, preferably 1.3 to 2.4. Therefore, the aqueous solution containing the inactivating agent can be referred to as an acidic aqueous solution. If the pH is too high, the water absorption ability of the superabsorbent polymer cannot be sufficiently reduced.
  • the disinfection capability may fall. If the pH is too low, the equipment may be corroded, and many alkaline chemicals are required for the neutralization treatment during the wastewater treatment.
  • the inorganic acid include sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid, but sulfuric acid is preferable from the viewpoint of not containing chlorine and cost.
  • the organic acid include citric acid, tartaric acid, glycolic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, ascorbic acid, and the like, and citric acid is particularly preferable.
  • the pH in the present invention refers to a pH measured at an aqueous solution temperature of 20 ° C.
  • the inorganic acid concentration of the inorganic acid aqueous solution is not limited as long as the pH of the inorganic acid aqueous solution is 2.5 or less, but when the inorganic acid is sulfuric acid, the concentration of sulfuric acid is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 0.5%. It is below mass%.
  • the organic acid concentration of the organic acid aqueous solution is not limited as long as the pH of the organic acid aqueous solution is 2.5 or less, but when the organic acid is citric acid, the concentration of citric acid is preferably 2% by mass or more and 4% by mass. It is as follows.
  • the treatment temperature of the inactivation step S31 that is, the temperature of the aqueous solution containing the inactivation agent is not particularly limited as long as the inactivation reaction proceeds.
  • the treatment temperature may be room temperature or higher than room temperature, and examples thereof include 15 to 30 ° C.
  • the treatment time of the inactivation step S31 that is, the time for immersing the surface sheet, the back sheet and the absorber material in the aqueous solution containing the inactivation agent is not particularly limited as long as the superabsorbent polymer is inactivated and dehydrated. Examples thereof include 2 to 60 minutes, and preferably 5 to 30 minutes.
  • the amount of the aqueous solution in the inactivation step S31 is not particularly limited as long as the inactivation reaction proceeds.
  • the amount of the aqueous solution is preferably 300 to 3000 parts by mass, more preferably 500 to 2500 parts by mass, and still more preferably 1000 to 2000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the used absorbent article.
  • the sewage is sewage containing water released from the superabsorbent polymer by dehydration with an aqueous solution containing an inactivating agent, that is, waste-derived liquid and warm water-derived water in the inactivation step S31.
  • the method for separating the top sheet and the back sheet from the pulp fiber, the superabsorbent polymer and the sewage is not particularly limited.
  • the product (surface sheet, back sheet, pulp fiber, superabsorbent polymer, sewage, etc.) generated by the inactivation process is discharged through a screen having an opening of 5 to 100 mm, preferably 10 to 60 mm. .
  • the pulp fiber, the superabsorbent polymer and the sewage can be separated from each other by leaving the top sheet and the back sheet on the screen during drainage. Note that other large non-woven fabrics and films may remain on the screen.
  • the superabsorbent polymer before the inactivation, the superabsorbent polymer is in a state of high viscosity, so it is not easy to separate the superabsorbent polymer attached to the topsheet, the backsheet and the pulp fiber.
  • the superabsorbent polymer after inactivation, the superabsorbent polymer is in a state of low viscosity due to dehydration. Therefore, the superabsorbent polymer adhering to the topsheet, backsheet and pulp fiber is removed from the topsheet, backsheet and pulp fiber. It can be easily separated. Therefore, the constituent members of the absorbent article can be efficiently separated and collected.
  • the separation step S3 may further include a second separation step S33 in which the adhesive at the joint portion is removed with a solvent that dissolves the adhesive at the joint portion between the film and the other member.
  • the adhesive agent of each junction part is removed with the solvent which melt
  • the adhesive at the joint between the film (back surface sheet) and other members is used as a solvent. Remove with. Thereby, the film and the other member can be separated from each other while maintaining the shape as it is without breaking. Therefore, a constituent member such as a film of an absorbent article can be efficiently recovered. Moreover, since a film and another member can be isolate
  • the nonwoven fabric is the same as the film.
  • the solvent used in the second separation step S33 is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the adhesive.
  • a terpene containing at least one of terpene hydrocarbon, terpene aldehyde, and terpene ketone is used. Can be mentioned.
  • an aqueous solution containing tempel is used, and the concentration of tkov in the aqueous solution is, for example, 0.05% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less. Preferably, it is 0.075 to 1% by mass. If the concentration of the terpene is too low, the adhesive at the joint portion may not be dissolved. If the terpene concentration is too high, the cost may increase.
  • Tempel not only dissolves adhesives such as hot melt adhesives, but also has an oil stain cleaning effect. Therefore, for example, when there is printing on a constituent member of an absorbent article such as a back sheet, the tempel can also disassemble and remove the printing ink.
  • terpene hydrocarbon examples include myrcene, limonene, pinene, camphor, sapinene, ferrandlene, paracymene, osymene, terpinene, karen, gingivebelene, caryophyllene, bisabolen, and cedrene. Of these, limonene, pinene, terpinene, and karen are preferable.
  • terpene aldehyde include citronellal, citral, cyclocitral, safranal, ferrandral, perilaldehyde, geranial, and neral.
  • terpene ketone examples include camphor and tsuyoshi.
  • terpene hydrocarbons are preferable, and limonene is particularly preferable.
  • limonene is particularly preferable.
  • Terpenes can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the treatment temperature of the second separation step S33 that is, the temperature of the aqueous solution containing the solvent is not particularly limited as long as the dissolution of the adhesive proceeds and the used absorbent article is decomposed into constituent members.
  • the treatment temperature may be room temperature or higher than room temperature, and examples thereof include 15 to 30 ° C.
  • the processing time of the second separation step S33 that is, the time for immersing the topsheet, the backsheet and the absorbent material in an aqueous solution containing a solvent, the dissolution of the adhesive proceeds and the used absorbent article is decomposed into constituent members.
  • the treatment time is, for example, 2 to 60 minutes, and preferably 5 to 30 minutes.
  • the amount of the aqueous solution in the second separation step S33 is not particularly limited as long as the dissolution of the adhesive proceeds and the used absorbent article is decomposed into constituent members.
  • the amount of the aqueous solution is preferably 300 to 3000 parts by mass, and more preferably 500 to 2500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the used absorbent article.
  • the second separation step S33 may be performed together in the inactivation step S31. That is, the adhesive adhering to the top sheet, the back sheet and the pulp fiber may be dissolved while inactivating the superabsorbent polymer attached to the top sheet, the back sheet and the pulp fiber.
  • an aqueous solution containing both an inactivating agent and a solvent is used as the aqueous solution in which the top sheet, the back sheet, the pulp fiber, and the superabsorbent polymer are immersed.
  • a back surface sheet (film), a surface sheet (nonwoven fabric), and an absorber (pulp fiber and superabsorbent polymer) can be made into the state isolate
  • the back sheet (film) and the top sheet (nonwoven fabric) can be separated from the absorber (pulp fiber and superabsorbent polymer), and the second separation step S33 is omitted. it can.
  • the back sheet (film) and the top sheet (nonwoven fabric) are substantially separated by removing the adhesive.
  • the film is heated and dried, that is, dried by an atmosphere having a temperature higher than room temperature or hot air, and the solvent is removed.
  • Step S34 may be further included.
  • the nonwoven fabric is also dried in this step.
  • 1st drying process S34 the process of drying the isolate
  • the drying temperature is, for example, 105 to 210 ° C., preferably 110 to 190 ° C.
  • the drying time is, for example, 10 to 120 minutes, preferably 15 to 100 minutes.
  • the film and nonwoven fabric as a constituent member of the absorbent article can be efficiently recovered. And since a density and a property are clearly different, a film and a nonwoven fabric can be separated easily.
  • the recovered film and non-woven fabric can be regenerated into, for example, pellets, and then regenerated as a plastic bag or film.
  • the amount of the adhesive remaining in the recovered film and the nonwoven fabric is 1% by mass or less based on the film and the nonwoven fabric, the amount of the adhesive remaining in the pellet, the plastic bag and the film is also the amount of the adhesive remaining in the pellet, the plastic bag and the film. 1% by mass or less.
  • the separation step S3 is a third separation step S35 for separating the pulp fibers from the separated mixture, and the separated pulp fibers are treated with an aqueous solution containing an oxidizing agent to obtain pulp fibers.
  • An oxidizing agent treatment step S36 that lowers the molecular weight of the remaining superabsorbent polymer and solubilizes and removes it may be included.
  • a method for separating pulp fibers from the separated mixture is not particularly limited, but for example, the separated mixture has an opening of 0. It is discharged while passing through a screen of 1 to 4 mm, preferably 0.15 to 2 mm. Accordingly, the superabsorbent polymer and sewage can be separated from the mixture by leaving the wastewater while the pulp fiber (the superabsorbent polymer remains on the surface) remains on the screen. Although this pulp fiber contains a lot of impurities, it can be used depending on the application.
  • the inactivated superabsorbent polymer remaining on the surface of the separated pulp fiber is oxidized and decomposed with an oxidizing agent, reduced in molecular weight, and solubilized, from the surface of the pulp fiber.
  • the state in which the superabsorbent polymer is oxidatively decomposed has a low molecular weight, and is solubilized means a state in which it passes through a 2 mm screen.
  • impurities such as a highly water-absorbing polymer contained in pulp fiber, can be removed, and a highly purified pulp fiber can be produced
  • secondary sterilization, bleaching, and deodorization of pulp fibers can be performed by oxidizing agent treatment.
  • the oxidizing agent is not particularly limited as long as it can oxidatively degrade the inactivated superabsorbent polymer, reduce the molecular weight, and solubilize, and examples thereof include chlorine dioxide, ozone, and sodium hypochlorite.
  • ozone is preferable from the viewpoint of high decomposition performance and bleaching performance.
  • Ozone can be generated using, for example, an ozone water generator (such as an ozone water exposure tester ED-OWX-2 manufactured by Ecodesign Corporation, an ozone generator OS-25V manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric Corporation).
  • the ozone concentration in the wastewater is not particularly limited as long as it is a concentration capable of decomposing the superabsorbent polymer. Preferably, it is 2 to 40 ppm by mass. If the concentration is too low, the superabsorbent polymer cannot be completely solubilized and the superabsorbent polymer may remain in the pulp fiber. On the other hand, if the concentration is too high, the oxidizing power also increases, which may damage the pulp fiber and may cause a problem in safety.
  • the ozone treatment temperature is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature capable of decomposing the superabsorbent polymer.
  • the ozone treatment time is not particularly limited as long as it can decompose the superabsorbent polymer, but it is, for example, 10 to 120 minutes, preferably 20 to 100 minutes. If the ozone concentration is high, it may be short, and if the ozone concentration is low, a long time is required.
  • the wastewater is preferably acidic. More preferably, the pH of the waste water is 2.5 or less, and more preferably 1.5 to 2.4.
  • the separation step S3 includes a fourth separation step S37 for separating the pulp fiber treated with the aqueous solution containing the oxidizing agent from the aqueous solution containing the oxidizing agent, and a step of drying the separated pulp fiber. 2 drying step S38.
  • the method for separating the pulp fibers from the aqueous solution containing the oxidizing agent is not particularly limited.
  • the treatment liquid containing the pulp fibers is passed through a screen having an opening of 0.15 to 2 mm, for example. The method of letting it be mentioned.
  • waste water containing products resulting from oxidative decomposition of the superabsorbent polymer passes through the screen, and the pulp fibers remain on the screen.
  • the pulp fiber that has been treated with the aqueous solution containing the oxidizing agent and separated is dried in a high-temperature atmosphere or hot air.
  • the drying temperature is, for example, 105 to 210 ° C., preferably 110 to 190 ° C.
  • the drying time is, for example, 10 to 120 minutes, preferably 15 to 100 minutes.
  • the used absorbent article in the pretreatment step S1, is brought into a state in which the used absorbent article is in a state as it is without being broken and is very expanded with water without inactivating the superabsorbent polymer. be able to. As a result, a very high internal pressure can be generated in the used absorbent article so that any part of the surface is likely to break.
  • a physical impact is applied to the used absorbent article in such a state to tear any part of the surface and eject the internal absorbent material to the outside. Can be made. Thereby, a used absorbent article can be decomposed into at least a film (back sheet) and an absorbent material.
  • the film since the film generally maintains the original shape, it can be easily separated from the absorbent material in the subsequent separation step S3. Thereby, a structural member such as a film can be separated from other structural members while maintaining the shape as it is without breaking. Therefore, the constituent members of the absorbent article can be efficiently recovered.
  • the hot melt adhesive that adheres the constituent members of the absorbent article can be dissolved at room temperature.
  • the pulp fiber and the superabsorbent polymer can be separated from the absorbent article, and the nonwoven fabric and the film can be separated separately while leaving the member form separately. That is, pulp fibers, films, and nonwoven fabrics can be easily collected separately without crushing the absorbent article or going through complicated separation processes.
  • Limonene is a monoterpene and is similar in structure to styrene, so it can dissolve styrene-based hot melt adhesives commonly used in absorbent articles. Since the absorbent article can be cleaned at room temperature, energy costs can be reduced and odor generation and diffusion can be suppressed. Terpene is highly effective in cleaning oil stains. In addition to the effect of dissolving hot-melt adhesives, if there is printing on the film, the printing ink can be disassembled and removed, and the printed film can be recovered as a high-purity plastic material. It is.
  • the pulp fiber is hardly deteriorated.
  • citric acid used as the organic acid
  • the excrement-derived dirt component removal effect can be expected due to the chelating effect and detergency of citric acid.
  • the sterilization effect and the deodorizing effect with respect to alkaline odor can also be expected.
  • the superabsorbent polymer can be recovered from the wastewater containing the superabsorbent polymer and sewage separated in the third separation step S35.
  • a collection method For example, the method of using a sieve is mentioned,
  • the method of processing with alkali metal salt aqueous solution is mentioned as the recovery method of the water absorption capability of the collect
  • the method according to the present embodiment can be suitably used to individually collect components such as films and absorbent members from used absorbent articles.
  • the above embodiment describes the case where the constituent member of the back sheet is a film and the constituent member of the top sheet is a non-woven fabric. However, the above embodiment also applies to the case where the constituent member of the back sheet is a non-woven fabric and the constituent member of the top sheet is a film, and the constituent members of both the back sheet and the top sheet are films. It can implement
  • the absorbent article of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately combined and changed without departing from the object and spirit of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé qui, lors du recyclage d'éléments constitutifs d'un article absorbant usagé, permet de récupérer efficacement les éléments constitutifs à partir de l'article absorbant usagé sans rompre l'article absorbant usagé. Le procédé selon l'invention consiste à récupérer des éléments constitutifs à partir d'un article absorbant usagé (1) qui est pourvu d'une feuille de surface avant (2), d'une feuille de surface arrière (3) et d'un corps absorbant (4) disposé entre la feuille de surface avant et la feuille de surface arrière, la feuille de surface avant et/ou la feuille de surface arrière contenant un film comme élément constitutif et le corps absorbant contenant un matériau de corps absorbant comme élément constitutif. Le procédé selon l'invention comprend une étape de prétraitement (S1) pour tremper et gonfler l'article absorbant usagé avec de l'eau, une étape de désintégration (S2) pour appliquer un impact physique à l'article absorbant usagé gonflé pour désintégrer l'article absorbant usagé en au moins un film et un matériau de corps absorbant, et une étape de séparation (S3) pour séparer le film et le matériau de corps absorbant désintégrés.
PCT/JP2017/045384 2017-03-31 2017-12-18 Procédé de récupération d'éléments constitutifs à partir d'un article absorbant usagé WO2018179617A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17902697.6A EP3603919B1 (fr) 2017-03-31 2017-12-18 Procédé de récupération des éléments constitutifs des articles absorbants usagés
CN201780086819.6A CN110382191B (zh) 2017-03-31 2017-12-18 从使用过的吸收性物品回收结构构件的方法
CN202110856908.2A CN113649396B (zh) 2017-03-31 2017-12-18 从吸收性物品回收结构构件的方法
EP21171940.6A EP3878618B1 (fr) 2017-03-31 2017-12-18 Procédé de récupération d'éléments constitutifs à partir d'un article absorbant
US16/568,869 US11224994B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2019-09-12 Method for recovering constituent members from used absorbent article

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2017-072200 2017-03-31
JP2017072200A JP6465917B2 (ja) 2017-03-31 2017-03-31 使用済み吸収性物品から構成部材を回収する方法

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US16/568,869 Continuation US11224994B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2019-09-12 Method for recovering constituent members from used absorbent article

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WO2018179617A1 true WO2018179617A1 (fr) 2018-10-04

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US (1) US11224994B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3878618B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6465917B2 (fr)
CN (2) CN113649396B (fr)
WO (1) WO2018179617A1 (fr)

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WO2022085359A1 (fr) * 2020-10-20 2022-04-28 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 Procédé de récupération de la matière plastique d'un produit textile non tissé usagé qui contient un article absorbant usagé

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EP3885404A1 (fr) * 2020-03-23 2021-09-29 Covestro Deutschland AG Utilisation des mélanges d'huiles essentielles pour séparer des collages
CN116348431A (zh) 2020-10-28 2023-06-27 宝洁公司 包含回收的超吸收聚合物的胶结组合物
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WO2021044690A1 (fr) 2019-09-06 2021-03-11 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 Procédé de production d'un polymère superabsorbant recyclé, procédé de production d'un polymère superabsorbant en utilisant un polymère superabsorbant recyclé, et polymère superabsorbant recyclé
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JP6465917B2 (ja) 2019-02-06
EP3878618A1 (fr) 2021-09-15
CN113649396A (zh) 2021-11-16
US11224994B2 (en) 2022-01-18
US20200016794A1 (en) 2020-01-16
CN113649396B (zh) 2023-12-05
EP3878618B1 (fr) 2024-05-01
EP3603919A4 (fr) 2020-04-15
EP3603919A1 (fr) 2020-02-05
CN110382191A (zh) 2019-10-25
JP2018171589A (ja) 2018-11-08
EP3603919B1 (fr) 2021-05-19
CN110382191B (zh) 2021-08-27

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