WO2018171785A1 - Grid-connected instantaneous current surge suppression circuit and photovoltaic power generation inverter system applying same - Google Patents

Grid-connected instantaneous current surge suppression circuit and photovoltaic power generation inverter system applying same Download PDF

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WO2018171785A1
WO2018171785A1 PCT/CN2018/080389 CN2018080389W WO2018171785A1 WO 2018171785 A1 WO2018171785 A1 WO 2018171785A1 CN 2018080389 W CN2018080389 W CN 2018080389W WO 2018171785 A1 WO2018171785 A1 WO 2018171785A1
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grid
current suppression
inrush current
relays
relay
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PCT/CN2018/080389
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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黄敏
曾维波
徐南
谢世雄
方刚
卢进军
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江苏固德威电源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018171785A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018171785A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • H02H9/021—Current limitation using saturable reactors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit applied in a photovoltaic grid-connected system for suppressing an inrush current at a grid-connected instant.
  • Non-isolated grid-connected inverters in photovoltaic grid-connected systems because they are directly connected to the grid, the safety standards require two sets of relays to be placed between the grid and the grid, which are controlled by the main and sub-CPUs to achieve redundancy protection.
  • the grid-connected relays Relay_M and Relay_S are attracted, a large leakage current flows through the AC terminal of the grid-connected inverter, and the path of the leakage current is shown in FIG.
  • this leakage current is related to the inverter's own capacitance to ground Y and the size of the PV panel parasitic capacitance Cy connected to the inverter. If the leakage current is too large, it will easily cause the RCD detection switch on the grid side to act, causing a trip.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit capable of suppressing leakage current generated instantaneously by a grid connection of a relay, thereby avoiding leakage due to leakage current.
  • a grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit is connected with two sets of relays arranged between an AC end of a grid-connected inverter and a power grid, and the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit comprises two parallel connected to any one of the relays
  • the inrush current suppression branch of the end, the inrush current suppression branch includes closing after a group of relays connected to the inrush current suppression branch are closed after a group of relays not connected to the inrush current suppression branch is closed a current suppression relay and a resistor in series with the current suppression relay.
  • the AC end of the grid-connected inverter includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal, each set of the relays including a first portion disposed on the positive output terminal and a second portion disposed on the negative output terminal And a set of the relays to which the inrush current suppression branch is connected, wherein the first portion and the second portion are connected to the inrush current suppression branch.
  • the grid-connected inverter is a single-phase inverter or a three-phase inverter.
  • the invention also provides a photovoltaic power generation inverter system, which comprises a photovoltaic panel PV, a DC/DC converter, a DC/AC grid-connected inverter, two sets of relays, a leakage current protection switch RCD, a power grid, and the photovoltaic power generation inverse
  • the variable system further includes the aforementioned grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit.
  • the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention can avoid the generation of the photovoltaic power generation inverter system by setting the switch and the series resistance of the staggered closing time. Large leakage current impact, thus protecting the photovoltaic power generation inverter system.
  • FIG. 1 is a topological view of a prior art single phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an impact leakage current of a conventional single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase photovoltaic power generation inverter system to which the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the control of the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase photovoltaic power generation inverter system to which the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase photovoltaic power generation inverter system to which the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention is applied.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 3, the photovoltaic power generation inverter system includes photovoltaic panel PV, DC/DC converter, DC/AC grid-connected inverter, two sets of relays, leakage current protection switch RCD, and power grid. . Among them, the two sets of relays are connected in series according to the safety requirements, and are arranged between the AC end of the grid-connected inverter and the leakage current protection switch RCD/grid, and are controlled by the main and sub-CPUs respectively to meet the redundancy control. Claim.
  • a grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit applied to the above photovoltaic power generation inverter system is connected to two sets of relays.
  • the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit includes an inrush current suppression branch connected in parallel between any two sets of relays.
  • the inrush current suppression branch is connected in parallel across the relay Relay_M.
  • the inrush current suppression branch includes a current suppression relay K1/K2 and a resistor R1/R2, and the current suppression relay K1/K2 and the resistor R1/R2 are connected in series.
  • one of the two sets of relays has one set of relay Relay_M connected to the inrush current suppression branch, and the other set of relay Relay_S is not connected to the inrush current suppression branch.
  • the AC terminal of the grid-tied inverter includes a positive output and a negative output, and each set of relays includes a first portion disposed on the positive output and a second portion disposed on the negative output.
  • an inrush current suppression branch is connected to both the first portion and the second portion.
  • the above-mentioned inrush current suppression branch is connected in parallel to both ends of the relay to solve the problem of leakage current leakage.
  • the current suppression relay K1/K2 in the inrush current suppression branch needs to be closed before a group of relays connected to the inrush current suppression branch is closed after the group of relays to which the inrush current suppression branch is not connected is closed.
  • the closing times of the two relays Relay_M and Relay_S can be shifted. First, a relay Relay_S that is not connected to the inrush current suppression branch is closed.
  • the relay Relay_M is in an off state, and the entire circuit is disconnected, so there is no leakage current at this time.
  • the inrush current connected in parallel with the relay Relay_M is closed to suppress the current suppression relays K1 and K2 on the branch.
  • the relay Relay_M is closed again, because the circuit has been turned on at this time, so the relay Relay_M does not cause a large impact after closing, and the problem of grid-connected leakage current is well solved.
  • a single-phase grid-connected inverter is taken as an example, but in actual application, the above-mentioned grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit is not limited to single-phase, and the three-phase grid-connected inverter can also be applied.
  • the solution is shown in Figure 5.
  • the inrush current suppression branch formed by the current suppression relay K1/K2 and the resistor R1/R2 is connected in parallel at both ends of the main relay Relay_M, and may also be connected in parallel at both ends of the sub relay Relay_S, as shown in FIG. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a grid-connected instantaneous current surge suppression circuit connected to two groups of relays disposed between an AC end of a grid-connected inverter and an electric grid. The grid-connected instantaneous current surge suppression circuit comprises a current surge suppression branch connected to both ends of any group of relays in parallel. The current surge suppression branch comprises a current suppression relay that is closed after one group of relays not connected to the current surge suppression branch is closed, and before one group of relays connected to the current surge suppression branch is closed, and a resistor connected to the current suppression relay in series. The grid-connected instantaneous current surge suppression circuit of the present invention is able to avoid a large leakage current surge generated in a photovoltaic power generation inverter system, by means of staggering a switch closing time and a series resistances configuration, and protects the photovoltaic power generation inverter system.

Description

并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路和应用其的光伏发电逆变系统  Grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit and photovoltaic power generation inverter system using same 技术领域  Technical field
本发明涉及一种应用于光伏并网系统中用于对并网瞬间的冲击电流进行抑制的电路。The invention relates to a circuit applied in a photovoltaic grid-connected system for suppressing an inrush current at a grid-connected instant.
背景技术Background technique
光伏并网系统中的非隔离式并网逆变器，因为直接和电网连接，安规标准要求需要在其与电网之间设置两组继电器，分别由主副CPU控制，从而实现冗余保护。以单相非隔离光伏并网逆变器为例，其具体拓扑如图1所示。在并网继电器Relay_M、Relay_S吸合的瞬间会有较大的冲击漏电流流过并网逆变器的AC端，冲击漏电流的路径如图2所示。这个漏电流的值大小和逆变器本身对地Y电容，以及与逆变器相连的PV面板寄生电容Cy大小有关。漏电流如果太大，容易导致并网端的RCD检测开关动作，导致跳闸。Non-isolated grid-connected inverters in photovoltaic grid-connected systems, because they are directly connected to the grid, the safety standards require two sets of relays to be placed between the grid and the grid, which are controlled by the main and sub-CPUs to achieve redundancy protection. Take a single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter as an example, and its specific topology is shown in Figure 1. At the moment when the grid-connected relays Relay_M and Relay_S are attracted, a large leakage current flows through the AC terminal of the grid-connected inverter, and the path of the leakage current is shown in FIG. The value of this leakage current is related to the inverter's own capacitance to ground Y and the size of the PV panel parasitic capacitance Cy connected to the inverter. If the leakage current is too large, it will easily cause the RCD detection switch on the grid side to act, causing a trip.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种能够抑制继电器并网瞬间产生的漏电流，从而避免漏电流导致跳闸的并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit capable of suppressing leakage current generated instantaneously by a grid connection of a relay, thereby avoiding leakage due to leakage current.
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
一种并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路，与并网逆变器的AC端和电网之间设置的两组继电器相连接，所述并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路包括并联于任意一组所述继电器两端的冲击电流抑制支路，所述冲击电流抑制支路包括在未连接所述冲击电流抑制支路的一组继电器闭合后、连接有所述冲击电流抑制支路的一组继电器闭合前进行闭合的电流抑制继电器以及与所述电流抑制继电器相串联的电阻。A grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit is connected with two sets of relays arranged between an AC end of a grid-connected inverter and a power grid, and the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit comprises two parallel connected to any one of the relays The inrush current suppression branch of the end, the inrush current suppression branch includes closing after a group of relays connected to the inrush current suppression branch are closed after a group of relays not connected to the inrush current suppression branch is closed a current suppression relay and a resistor in series with the current suppression relay.
所述并网逆变器的AC端包括正输出端和负输出端，每组所述继电器均包括设置于所述正输出端上的第一部分和设置于所述负输出端上的第二部分；连接有所述冲击电流抑制支路的一组所述继电器中，所述第一部分和所述第二部分均连接有所述冲击电流抑制支路。The AC end of the grid-connected inverter includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal, each set of the relays including a first portion disposed on the positive output terminal and a second portion disposed on the negative output terminal And a set of the relays to which the inrush current suppression branch is connected, wherein the first portion and the second portion are connected to the inrush current suppression branch.
所述并网逆变器为单相逆变器或三相逆变器。The grid-connected inverter is a single-phase inverter or a three-phase inverter.
本发明还提供一种光伏发电逆变系统，它包括光伏面板PV、DC/DC变换器、DC/AC并网逆变器、两组继电器、漏电流保护开关RCD、电网，所述光伏发电逆变系统还包括前述的并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路。The invention also provides a photovoltaic power generation inverter system, which comprises a photovoltaic panel PV, a DC/DC converter, a DC/AC grid-connected inverter, two sets of relays, a leakage current protection switch RCD, a power grid, and the photovoltaic power generation inverse The variable system further includes the aforementioned grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit.
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：本发明的并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路通过错开闭合时间的开关和串联电阻的设置，能够避免光伏发电逆变系统中产生较大的漏电流冲击，从而对起到光伏发电逆变系统的保护作用。Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention can avoid the generation of the photovoltaic power generation inverter system by setting the switch and the series resistance of the staggered closing time. Large leakage current impact, thus protecting the photovoltaic power generation inverter system.
附图说明DRAWINGS
附图1为现有的单相非隔离光伏并网逆变器的拓扑图。1 is a topological view of a prior art single phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.
附图2为现有的单相非隔离光伏并网逆变器的冲击漏电流示意图。2 is a schematic diagram of an impact leakage current of a conventional single-phase non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.
附图3为应用本发明的并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路的单相光伏发电逆变系统的示意图。3 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase photovoltaic power generation inverter system to which the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention is applied.
附图4为本发明的并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路控制流程图。4 is a flow chart of the control of the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention.
附图5为应用本发明的并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路的三相光伏发电逆变系统的示意图。5 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase photovoltaic power generation inverter system to which the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention is applied.
附图6为应用本发明的并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路的单相光伏发电逆变系统的示意图。6 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase photovoltaic power generation inverter system to which the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention is applied.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图所示的实施例对本发明作进一步描述。The invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the drawings.
实施例一：如附图3所示，光伏发电逆变系统包括依次设置的光伏面板PV、DC/DC变换器、DC/AC并网逆变器、两组继电器、漏电流保护开关RCD、电网。其中，两组继电器按照安规要求，相串联并设置在并网逆变器的AC端和漏电流保护开关RCD/电网之间，并分别由主、副CPU进行控制，以满足冗余控制的要求。Embodiment 1: As shown in FIG. 3, the photovoltaic power generation inverter system includes photovoltaic panel PV, DC/DC converter, DC/AC grid-connected inverter, two sets of relays, leakage current protection switch RCD, and power grid. . Among them, the two sets of relays are connected in series according to the safety requirements, and are arranged between the AC end of the grid-connected inverter and the leakage current protection switch RCD/grid, and are controlled by the main and sub-CPUs respectively to meet the redundancy control. Claim.
一种应用于上述光伏发电逆变系统中的并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路，它与两组继电器相连接。具体的，该并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路包括并联于任意一组继电器两端的冲击电流抑制支路，在本实施例中，冲击电流抑制支路并联于继电器Relay_M两端。冲击电流抑制支路包括一电流抑制继电器K1/K2和一电阻R1/R2，电流抑制继电器K1/K2和电阻R1/R2相串联。这样使得两组继电器中，一组继电器Relay_M连接有冲击电流抑制支路，而另一组继电器Relay_S未连接冲击电流抑制支路。A grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit applied to the above photovoltaic power generation inverter system is connected to two sets of relays. Specifically, the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit includes an inrush current suppression branch connected in parallel between any two sets of relays. In this embodiment, the inrush current suppression branch is connected in parallel across the relay Relay_M. The inrush current suppression branch includes a current suppression relay K1/K2 and a resistor R1/R2, and the current suppression relay K1/K2 and the resistor R1/R2 are connected in series. Thus, one of the two sets of relays has one set of relay Relay_M connected to the inrush current suppression branch, and the other set of relay Relay_S is not connected to the inrush current suppression branch.
通常，并网逆变器的AC端包括正输出端和负输出端，而每组继电器均包括设置于正输出端上的第一部分和设置于负输出端上的第二部分。连接有冲击电流抑制支路的一组继电器中，其第一部分和第二部分均连接有冲击电流抑制支路。Typically, the AC terminal of the grid-tied inverter includes a positive output and a negative output, and each set of relays includes a first portion disposed on the positive output and a second portion disposed on the negative output. In a group of relays connected with an inrush current suppression branch, an inrush current suppression branch is connected to both the first portion and the second portion.
上述冲击电流抑制支路并联于继电器的两端，解决了冲击漏电流的问题。冲击电流抑制支路中的电流抑制继电器K1/K2需要在未连接冲击电流抑制支路的一组继电器闭合后、连接有冲击电流抑制支路的一组继电器闭合前进行闭合。如附图4所示，要解决两组继电器Relay_M、Relay_S闭合瞬间的冲击漏电流，可以让两组继电器Relay_M、Relay_S的闭合时间错开。先闭合未连接冲击电流抑制支路的一组继电器Relay_S，此时继电器Relay_M是断开状态，整个回路是断开的，因此此时不会有冲击漏电流。再闭合继电器Relay_M两端并联的冲击电流抑制支路上的电流抑制继电器K1、K2，此时并网逆变器和电网之间的回路虽然接通，但因为电阻R1/R2的存在，冲击漏电流的大小被抑制在一个较小的值。最后再闭合继电器Relay_M，因为此时回路已经接通，所以继电器Relay_M闭合之后不会引起大的冲击，很好地解决了并网冲击漏电流的问题。The above-mentioned inrush current suppression branch is connected in parallel to both ends of the relay to solve the problem of leakage current leakage. The current suppression relay K1/K2 in the inrush current suppression branch needs to be closed before a group of relays connected to the inrush current suppression branch is closed after the group of relays to which the inrush current suppression branch is not connected is closed. As shown in FIG. 4, to solve the impact leakage current of the two relays Relay_M and Relay_S at the moment of closing, the closing times of the two relays Relay_M and Relay_S can be shifted. First, a relay Relay_S that is not connected to the inrush current suppression branch is closed. At this time, the relay Relay_M is in an off state, and the entire circuit is disconnected, so there is no leakage current at this time. The inrush current connected in parallel with the relay Relay_M is closed to suppress the current suppression relays K1 and K2 on the branch. At this time, although the circuit between the grid-connected inverter and the grid is turned on, the leakage current is present due to the presence of the resistor R1/R2. The size is suppressed at a smaller value. Finally, the relay Relay_M is closed again, because the circuit has been turned on at this time, so the relay Relay_M does not cause a large impact after closing, and the problem of grid-connected leakage current is well solved.
以上及附图3中以单相并网逆变器为例进行陈述，但实际应用中，上述并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路并不局限于单相，三相并网逆变器也可应用本方案，如附图5所示。In the above and FIG. 3, a single-phase grid-connected inverter is taken as an example, but in actual application, the above-mentioned grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit is not limited to single-phase, and the three-phase grid-connected inverter can also be applied. The solution is shown in Figure 5.
在上述方案中，电流抑制继电器K1/K2和电阻R1/R2构成的冲击电流抑制支路并联在主继电器Relay_M的两端，其也可以并联在副继电器Relay_S的两端，如附图6所示。In the above solution, the inrush current suppression branch formed by the current suppression relay K1/K2 and the resistor R1/R2 is connected in parallel at both ends of the main relay Relay_M, and may also be connected in parallel at both ends of the sub relay Relay_S, as shown in FIG. .
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and the features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent variations or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

  1. 一种并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路，与并网逆变器的AC端和电网之间设置的两组继电器相连接，其特征在于：所述并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路包括并联于任意一组所述继电器两端的冲击电流抑制支路，所述冲击电流抑制支路包括在未连接所述冲击电流抑制支路的一组继电器闭合后、连接有所述冲击电流抑制支路的一组继电器闭合前进行闭合的电流抑制继电器以及与所述电流抑制继电器相串联的电阻。 A grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit is connected with two sets of relays arranged between an AC end of a grid-connected inverter and a power grid, wherein the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit comprises parallel connection in any group An inrush current suppression branch at both ends of the relay, the inrush current suppression branch including a group of relays connected to the inrush current suppression branch after a group of relays not connected to the inrush current suppression branch is closed A current suppression relay that is closed before and a resistor connected in series with the current suppression relay.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路，其特征在于：所述并网逆变器的AC端包括正输出端和负输出端，每组所述继电器均包括设置于所述正输出端上的第一部分和设置于所述负输出端上的第二部分；连接有所述冲击电流抑制支路的一组所述继电器中，所述第一部分和所述第二部分均连接有所述冲击电流抑制支路。The grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit according to claim 1, wherein the AC terminal of the grid-connected inverter comprises a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal, and each set of the relays is disposed in the positive a first portion on the output end and a second portion disposed on the negative output end; in the set of the relays to which the inrush current suppression branch is connected, the first portion and the second portion are connected The inrush current suppresses the branch.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路，其特征在于：所述并网逆变器为单相逆变器或三相逆变器。The grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit according to claim 1, wherein the grid-connected inverter is a single-phase inverter or a three-phase inverter.
  4. 一种光伏发电逆变系统，包括光伏面板PV、DC/DC变换器、DC/AC并网逆变器、两组继电器、漏电流保护开关RCD、电网，其特征在于：所述光伏发电逆变系统还包括如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的并网瞬间冲击电流抑制电路。A photovoltaic power generation inverter system includes a photovoltaic panel PV, a DC/DC converter, a DC/AC grid-connected inverter, two sets of relays, a leakage current protection switch RCD, and a power grid, wherein the photovoltaic power generation inverter The system further includes the grid-connected instantaneous inrush current suppression circuit of any of claims 1-3.
PCT/CN2018/080389 2017-03-24 2018-03-24 Grid-connected instantaneous current surge suppression circuit and photovoltaic power generation inverter system applying same WO2018171785A1 (en)

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