WO2018170966A1 - 一种准各向同性天线 - Google Patents

一种准各向同性天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018170966A1
WO2018170966A1 PCT/CN2017/080453 CN2017080453W WO2018170966A1 WO 2018170966 A1 WO2018170966 A1 WO 2018170966A1 CN 2017080453 W CN2017080453 W CN 2017080453W WO 2018170966 A1 WO2018170966 A1 WO 2018170966A1
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Prior art keywords
quasi
antenna
conductor piece
isotropic
plane
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PCT/CN2017/080453
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕文俊
王康
李晴
刘超男
王东东
许璐
王雷杰
李笑乾
朱洪波
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Publication of WO2018170966A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018170966A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a quasi-isotropic antenna, belonging to the field of Internet of Things and microwave technology.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a quasi-isotropic antenna, which adopts a design method in which two parallel conductor pieces are short-circuited by short-circuited faces, and can realize three main working faces (XZ plane, ZY plane and XY plane).
  • the omnidirectional radiation is more conducive to the uniform coverage of the signal.
  • the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, small volume and low production cost.
  • the invention has a quasi-isotropic antenna, which does not require a complicated rotational symmetrical structure, and does not need to add a complicated power split phase-feeding network, which greatly reduces the implementation difficulty and process complexity of the quasi-isotropic antenna.
  • the invention provides a quasi-isotropic antenna comprising a top conductor piece, a bottom conductor piece, a feeding unit and a short-circuit surface, wherein the top conductor piece is fan-shaped, and two straight sides of the top conductor piece pass through the short-circuit surface and the bottom conductor piece Shorted; the top conductor piece is parallel to the bottom conductor piece.
  • the central conductor sheet has a central angle ranging from 90° to 360°.
  • the underlying conductor piece is circular, sectoral or rectangular.
  • the short-circuited surface is perpendicular to the top conductor piece.
  • the sum of the pitch between the top conductor piece and the bottom conductor piece and the radius of the top conductor piece is 1/5-7/20 times the wavelength.
  • the present invention is a quasi-isotactic
  • the antenna can realize the characteristics of quasi-isotropic radiation in three main working faces (XZ plane, ZY plane and XY plane), and generate omnidirectional radiation characteristics of three main working faces, which can better transmit radio information.
  • the air medium is used between the bottom conductor piece and the bottom conductor piece, and has the characteristics of simple structure, small volume and low production cost.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of a front structure and a reference coordinate of an antenna.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a side structure and a reference coordinate of an antenna.
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing the characteristics of the antenna transmission coefficient calculated using the HFSS software.
  • a quasi-isotropic antenna structure of the present invention is such that the antenna is fabricated on two conductor sheets having parallel structures, and the two conductor sheets are short-circuited by a short-circuit surface.
  • the top conductor piece 1 is a fan-shaped structure having a central angle ranging from 90° to 360°.
  • the bottom conductor piece 2 may be circular, fan-shaped or rectangular.
  • the sum of the pitch 5 between the top conductor piece 1 and the bottom conductor piece 2 and the radius R of the top conductor piece 1 is 1/5-7/20 times the wavelength.
  • the feeding unit and the center of the top conductor piece 1 are kept at a certain distance L, so that the three main working faces (X-Z plane, Z-Y plane and X-Y plane) of the antenna exhibit the characteristics of isotropic radiation.
  • the central conductor sheet 1 has a central angle of 270° in this embodiment.
  • the antenna transmission coefficient characteristic map calculated by HFSS software is designed.
  • the center frequency of the designed quasi-isotropic antenna is about 2.16 GHz, and the relative bandwidth of the reflection coefficient lower than -10 dB is 28.24%. It can be seen that the antenna Has a wider relative bandwidth.
  • the out-of-roundness of the XY plane is 0.9dB
  • the out-of-roundness of the ZY plane is 1.279dB
  • the out-of-roundness of the XZ plane is 1.935dB
  • the out-of-roundness of the three main working faces of the antenna are lower than 6dB. It can be seen from Fig. 4 that in the working segment, the three main working faces of the antenna (X-Z plane, Z-Y plane and X-Y plane) exhibit quasi-isotropic radiation characteristics, so the antenna has good quasi-isotropic characteristics.
  • the present invention produces a quasi-isotropic point source antenna using two parallel conductor pieces that are parallel to each other.
  • the radiating elements of the top fan-shaped conductor pieces have an angle ranging from 90° to 360°
  • the bottom layer may be a circular, sector-shaped or rectangular conductor piece, and the two conductor pieces are short-circuited by two short-circuit faces. Therefore, the three main working faces of the antenna (X-Z plane, Z-Y plane and X-Y plane) exhibit isotropic radiation characteristics.
  • the use of air medium in the middle of the two layers has the characteristics of simple structure, small volume, low production cost, etc., and has a wide application prospect. After performance optimization, the antenna can solve many problems such as those proposed by the background art.

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种准各向同性天线，属于物联网与微波技术领域。本发明利用互相平行的双层导体片制作了具有准各向同性的点源天线，其中，顶层为扇形导体片，其圆心角范围为90°到360°；底层导体片可以是圆形、扇形或矩形。两层导体片剖面之间由两个短路面短接。因此天线的三个主工作面(X-Z平面，Z-Y平面与X-Y平面)均呈现各向同性辐射特性。两层中间使用空气介质，具有结构简单、体积小、制作成本低廉等特点。

Description

一种准各向同性天线 技术领域
本发明涉及一种准各向同性天线，属于物联网与微波技术领域。
背景技术
随着无线通信技术的发展，为了实现信号的均匀覆盖，人们提出了具有准各向同性辐射特性的天线。准各向同性天线的三个主工作面均呈现各向同性、近似球形的波束，故通常也被称为点源天线。另一方面，随着物联网技术的发展，为了有效识别和读取物联网环境中的各种目标和物件，标签天线应该具有近似全向的覆盖特性，以便建立与读卡器天线之间的通信链路。因此，研制结构简单、成本低廉的准各向同性天线，成为无线通信与物联网领域中的重要课题之一。
但是现在这类天线多采用旋转对称结构来实现准各向同性，有的甚至还需要外接功分移相馈电网络，这大大增加了准各向同性天线的设计复杂度，使得准各向同性天线制作难度大，成本也无法降低。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种准各向同性天线，该方法采用两个平行导体片由短路面短接的设计方法，可以实现三个主工作面(X-Z平面，Z-Y平面与X-Y平面)的全向辐射，更有利于信号的均匀覆盖。并且结构简单、体积小、制作成本低廉。
本发明一种准各向同性天线，无需复杂的旋转对称结构，也无需附加复杂的功分移相馈电网络，极大降低了准各向同性天线的实现难度和工艺复杂度。
本发明为解决上述技术问题采用以下技术方案：
本发明提供一种准各向同性天线，包括顶层导体片、底层导体片、馈电单元、短路面，其中，顶层导体片为扇形，顶层导体片的两个直边通过短路面与底层导体片短接；顶层导体片与底层导体片平行。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述顶层导体片的圆心角范围为90°到360°。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述底层导体片为圆形、扇形或矩形。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述短路面垂直于顶层导体片。
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，所述顶层导体片、底层导体片之间的间距与顶层导体片的半径之和为波长的1/5-7/20倍。
本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比，具有以下技术效果：本发明一种准各向同 性天线，可以实现三个主工作面(X-Z平面，Z-Y平面与X-Y平面)均呈现准各向同性辐射的特性，产生三个主工作面全向辐射特性，能更好地传递无线电信息，顶层和底层导体片中间使用空气介质，具有结构简单、体积小、制作成本低廉等特点。
附图说明
图1是天线的正面结构与参考坐标示意图。
图2是天线的侧面结构与参考坐标示意图。
图3是采用HFSS软件计算的天线传输系数特性图。
图4是采用HFSS软件计算的天线方向图，其中，(a)是XZ工作面的天线方向图；(b)是ZY工作面的天线方向图；(c)是XY工作面的天线方向图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细说明：
对照附图1、图2，本发明一种准各向同性天线结构是：天线制作在两个具有平行结构的导体片上面，两个导体片之间通过短路面短接。顶层导体片1为扇形结构，其圆心角的范围为90°到360°。底层导体片2可以为圆形、扇形或矩形。顶层导体片1和底层导体片2之间的间距5与顶层导体片1的半径R之和为波长的1/5-7/20倍。
本发明中，馈电单元与顶层导体片1的圆心之间保持一定间距L，可以实现天线的三个主工作面(X-Z平面，Z-Y平面与X-Y平面)呈现各向同性辐射的特性。
下面通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步阐述，其中，本实施例中顶层导体片1的圆心角为270°。
如图3所示的采用HFSS软件计算的天线传输系数特性图，设计的准各向同性天线的中心频率约为2.16GHz，反射系数低于-10dB的相对带宽为28.24％，可以看出该天线具有较宽的相对带宽。
如图4所示的采用HFSS软件计算的天线方向图，其中，(a)是准各向同性天线在2.16GHz频率下关于XZ工作面的天线方向图；(b)是准各向同性天线在2.16GHz频率下关于ZY工作面的天线方向图；(c)是准各向同性天线在2.16GHz频率下关于XY工作面的天线方向图。由实验数据可得，X-Y面的不圆度是0.9dB，Z-Y面的不圆度是1.279dB，X-Z面的不圆度是1.935dB；天线的三个主工作面的不圆度均低于6dB。由图4可见，在工作段内，天线的三个主工作面(X-Z平面，Z-Y平面与X-Y平面)均呈现准各向同性辐射特性，因此天线具有良好的准各向同性特性。
综上所述，本发明利用互相平行的双层导体片制作了具有准各向同性的点源天线， 顶层扇形导体片的辐射单元夹角范围为90°到360°，底层可以是圆形、扇形或矩形的导体片，两层导体片之间由两个短路面短接。因此天线的三个主工作面(X-Z平面，Z-Y平面与X-Y平面)均呈现各向同性辐射特性。两层中间使用空气介质，具有结构简单、体积小、制作成本低廉等特点，应用前景非常广泛，在性能优化之后，该天线可以解决例如背景技术提出的诸多难题。
本技术领域技术人员可以理解的是，除非另外定义，这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是，诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语应该被理解为具有与现有技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义，并且除非像这里一样定义，不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。
以上所述，仅为本发明中的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉该技术的人在本发明所揭露的技术范围内，可理解想到的变换或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的包含范围之内，因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种准各向同性天线，其特征在于，包括顶层导体片(1)、底层导体片(2)、馈电单元(3)、短路面(6)，其中，顶层导体片(1)为扇形，顶层导体片(1)的两个直边通过短路面(6)与底层导体片(2)短接；顶层导体片(1)与底层导体片(2)平行。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种准各向同性天线，其特征在于，所述顶层导体片(1)的圆心角范围为90°到360°。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种准各向同性天线，其特征在于，所述底层导体片(2)为圆形、扇形或矩形。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种准各向同性天线，其特征在于，所述短路面(6)垂直于顶层导体片(1)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种准各向同性天线，其特征在于，所述顶层导体片(1)、底层导体片(2)之间的间距与顶层导体片(1)的半径之和为波长的1/5-7/20倍。
PCT/CN2017/080453 2017-03-20 2017-04-13 一种准各向同性天线 Ceased WO2018170966A1 (zh)

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CN107946751A (zh) * 2017-09-26 2018-04-20 南京邮电大学 一种多模贴片宽带天线及其设计方法
CN108598675B (zh) * 2018-04-04 2020-06-02 南京邮电大学 一种宽波束磁偶极子天线
TWI678026B (zh) 2018-06-04 2019-11-21 啓碁科技股份有限公司 天線結構
CN110289494B (zh) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-26 南京邮电大学 一种三模零点频扫天线

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