WO2018165970A1 - 漏电流传感器和漏电流监测装置 - Google Patents

漏电流传感器和漏电流监测装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018165970A1
WO2018165970A1 PCT/CN2017/077033 CN2017077033W WO2018165970A1 WO 2018165970 A1 WO2018165970 A1 WO 2018165970A1 CN 2017077033 W CN2017077033 W CN 2017077033W WO 2018165970 A1 WO2018165970 A1 WO 2018165970A1
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Prior art keywords
leakage current
asic chip
current sensor
digital
signal
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PCT/CN2017/077033
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈�全
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浙江巨磁智能技术有限公司
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Application filed by 浙江巨磁智能技术有限公司 filed Critical 浙江巨磁智能技术有限公司
Priority to US16/076,118 priority Critical patent/US11163016B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/077033 priority patent/WO2018165970A1/zh
Priority to EP17900278.7A priority patent/EP3418754B1/en
Publication of WO2018165970A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018165970A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
    • G01R19/257—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques using analogue/digital converters of the type with comparison of different reference values with the value of voltage or current, e.g. using step-by-step method
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/44—Modifications of instruments for temperature compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/02—General constructional details
    • G01R1/04—Housings; Supporting members; Arrangements of terminals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of current sensing, and in particular to a leakage current sensor and a leakage current monitoring device.
  • Leakage current sensors are widely used in photovoltaic inverters, charging piles, track signal monitoring, special power supplies, fire monitoring and other facilities. Taking photovoltaic inverters as an example, leakage current sensors are the core protection devices for non-isolated photovoltaic inverters. Traditional closed-loop fluxgate solutions are no longer suitable due to factors such as low power density level, excessive volume, and cost reduction.
  • the leakage current sensor is a core component of a facility such as a photovoltaic inverter, and its overall size has become one of the largest components in the bill of materials, occupying valuable internal space, which is not conducive to miniaturization of the overall design. , portable.
  • the leakage current sensor typically amplifies a portion of the sampled current.
  • Traditional solutions usually have built-in amplifier circuits, and the input and output are analog.
  • the above amplification processing method is inaccurate due to the inherent characteristics of the amplifying circuit, and new noise is inevitably introduced in the amplification process, causing the output to be distorted to varying degrees.
  • the leakage current sensor is an important safety device, and in order to further improve safety and reliability, it is necessary to perform safety self-test and over-temperature protection during power-on and work.
  • the present invention is directed to the state of the art, and provides a leakage current sensor having characteristics such as miniaturization, intelligence, and high power density level.
  • the leakage current sensor has an input end and an output end, and further includes an ASIC chip electrically connected to the input end and reading the analog signal of the input end, the ASIC chip further electrically connecting a number a signal processing module, the digital signal processing module converts the analog quantity signal into a digital quantity signal and outputs the output digital quantity signal to the output end, and the digital signal processing module simultaneously outputs the digital quantity The quantity signal is fed back to the ASIC chip, and the ASIC chip and the digital processing module form a closed loop feedback loop;
  • the input end includes a current sampling unit, a reference unit is disposed between the current sampling unit and the ASIC chip, and the ASIC chip controls the reference unit to generate different levels of reference current, and the current sampling unit An analog quantity used to obtain a reference current or a leakage current.
  • the ASIC chip repeatedly sets a reference current and reads back the digital signal of the reference current fed back by the digital signal processing module to form a corresponding mapping between the reference current analog quantity and the digital quantity signal.
  • the ASIC chip compensates for an error of the leakage current analog quantity signal according to the corresponding mapping to output a digital quantity signal.
  • the ASIC chip has a preset programmable circuit, and the programmable circuit can programmatically gain output of a digital signal.
  • the leakage current sensor further includes a communication module, the ASIC chip is electrically connected to the communication module, the communication module is connected to an external device, and an external control signal is acquired, and the ASIC chip reads Take the above external control signal.
  • the leakage current sensor further includes a communication module, the ASIC chip is electrically connected to the communication module, the communication module is connected to an external device, and an external control signal is acquired, and the ASIC chip reads Taking the above external control signal and adjusting the programmable circuit.
  • the communication module reads and forwards the current status signal outputted by the ASIC chip to the external device to implement signal bidirectional communication.
  • the leakage current sensor further includes a safety self-test module and an over-temperature protection module, wherein the safety self-test module and the over-temperature protection module are electrically connected to the ASIC chip, respectively,
  • the over temperature protection module has a preset upper temperature limit.
  • the leakage current monitoring device includes a leakage current sensor, the leakage current sensor has an input end and an output end, and further includes a first one electrically connected to the input end and reading the analog signal of the input end An ASIC chip, the ASIC chip is further electrically connected to a digital signal processing module, and the digital signal processing module converts the analog signal into a digital signal and outputs the output digital signal to the output to output the same number A quantity signal is fed back to the ASIC chip, the ASIC chip and the digital processing The module forms a closed loop feedback loop;
  • the input end includes a reference unit and a current sampling unit, the ASIC chip controls the reference unit to generate different levels of reference current, and the current sampling unit is configured to acquire an analog quantity of a reference current or a leakage current;
  • the leakage current monitoring device further includes a substrate and a toroidal magnetic core fixed to the substrate, the substrate is embedded in an outer casing, and the leakage current sensor is embedded in the substrate,
  • the substrate is provided with a peripheral circuit and a plurality of pins on the outer circumference of the leakage current sensor, the pin is taken from the peripheral circuit and further connected to an external device;
  • bus bar At least one bus bar, the bus bar being drawn from the monitored leakage current element and passing through the toroidal core.
  • the toroidal core is made of an amorphous ribbon.
  • the leakage current sensor can realize the functions of programmable gain output, adjustable leakage current level, digital correction processing, signal bidirectional communication, safety self-test and over-temperature protection, wherein the output can be realized. Range output adjustment from milliamp level to ampere level.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded structural view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a partial structural view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the figure includes reference numerals: 111, reference unit; 112, current sampling unit; 120, ASIC chip; 130, digital signal processing module; 140, communication module; 150, security self-test module; 160, over temperature protection Module; 101, input terminal; 102, output terminal; 210, toroidal core; 220, substrate; 230, busbar; 240, pin; 250, outer casing.
  • the present invention discloses a leakage current sensor and a leakage current monitoring device, which are combined with a preferred embodiment, Specific embodiments of the invention are further described.
  • Figure 1 shows a modular frame of the leakage current sensor.
  • the leakage current sensor has an input terminal 101 and an output terminal 102, and further includes an ASIC chip 120 electrically connected to the input terminal 101 and reading the analog signal of the input terminal 101, and the ASIC chip 120 is further powered.
  • the digital signal processing module 130 Connected to a digital signal processing module 130, the digital signal processing module 130 can output the output digital signal to the output terminal 102, and the digital signal processing module 130 can feed back the output digital signal to the The ASIC chip 120, thereby forming a closed loop feedback loop, facilitates the ASIC chip 120 to accurately correct the output gain.
  • the leakage current monitoring device includes a substrate 220 and a toroidal core 210 fixed to the substrate 220.
  • the substrate 220 is embedded in an outer casing 250, and the leakage current sensor is embedded in the substrate 220.
  • the substrate 220 is provided with a peripheral circuit and a plurality of pins 240 on the outer circumference of the leakage current sensor, and the pins 240 are taken from the peripheral circuit and further connected to an external device.
  • the leakage current monitoring device also includes a bus bar 230 that is drawn from the monitored leakage current element, the bus bar 230 passing through the toroidal core 210.
  • the input terminal 100 of the leakage current sensor includes a current sampling unit 112, and a reference unit 111 is disposed between the current sampling unit 112 and the ASIC chip 20.
  • the reference unit 111 serves as a built-in excitation source, and can generate high-precision different levels of current under the control of the ASIC chip 20, for example, 30 mA, 60 mA, 100 mA, and the like.
  • the current sampling unit 112 is configured to sample and acquire a current analog quantity of the reference unit 111 or the bus bar 230.
  • the leakage current sensor can realize digital quantity correction processing of current, programmable gain output, and adjustable leakage current level.
  • the ASIC chip 120 sets a certain current value for digital calibration, such as 10 mA.
  • the ASIC chip 120 controls the reference unit 111 to generate a 10 mA reference current, and the current sampling unit 112 samples the reference current and obtains a corresponding analog quantity.
  • the ASIC chip 120 outputs an analog quantity of the reference current to the digital signal processing module 130.
  • the digital signal processing module 130 reads the analog quantity of the reference current and converts it into a digital quantity of the reference current by a built-in circuit.
  • the digital signal processing module 130 feeds back the digital quantity of the reference current obtained by the conversion to the ASIC chip 120 through a feedback path.
  • the ASIC chip 120 reads back the digital quantity of the reference current and compares the digital quantity of the reference current with the reference current value for calibration.
  • the ASIC chip 120 repeats Setting the same reference current value for calibration, reading back the digital signal of the reference current fed back by the digital signal processing module 130, and setting a plurality of different reference current values on the basis of the plurality of sets of reference current values.
  • the corresponding mapping between the 4 stream analog quantity and the digital quantity, and the correspondence between the reference current value and the actual output value is clarified.
  • the above current preset value and the actual output value cannot be completely consistent, and there is a small error value.
  • the digital signal processing module 130 can compensate for a small error and forcibly The corresponding digital leakage current quantity is accurately outputted, thereby realizing the digital quantity correction processing of the current.
  • the digital signal processing module 130 outputs a precise leakage current digital quantity ⁇ while compensating for a small error, and the digital signal processing module 130 can both absorb the above leakage, 3 ⁇ 4?
  • the digital quantity (Vout) is directly outputted to the output terminal 102 through an output path, and the leakage current digital quantity (Vout) can be accurately amplified by a preset programmable circuit to achieve accurate gain output, thereby avoiding amplification of the conventional amplification circuit.
  • the analog ⁇ is the disadvantage of synchronously amplifying the error, achieving the purpose of digital programmable gain output and adjustable leakage current level.
  • the leakage current sensor can realize a signal bidirectional communication function, and realize programmable gain output and leakage current level adjustment autonomously or in a controlled manner.
  • the leakage current sensor further includes a communication module 140, and the ASIC chip 120 is electrically connected to the communication module 140, and the communication module 140 is connected to an external device and acquires an external control signal.
  • the ASIC chip 120 reads the external control signals described above to controllably adjust the programmable circuits to accommodate different gain outputs and leakage current levels.
  • the current status signal to which the ASIC chip 120 is output may also be read by the communication module 140 and forwarded to an external device, thereby implementing signal two-way communication.
  • the leakage current sensor has a safety protection function during power-on and operation, reducing the failure rate, and delaying Long service life.
  • the leakage current sensor further includes a safety self-test module 150 and an over-temperature protection module 160, and the safety self-test module 150 and the over-temperature protection module 160 are electrically connected to the ASIC chip 120, respectively.
  • the safety self-test module 150 preferentially wakes up and performs self-test for each module such as the digital signal processing module 130, and the safety self-test module 150 confirms that each module has no abnormality and then presses The preset process wakes up other modules.
  • the over temperature protection module 160 has a preset temperature upper limit value.
  • the temperature monitored by the over temperature protection module 160 is higher than the upper temperature limit due to a short circuit of the bus bar or the like.
  • the value ⁇ the over-temperature protection module 160 performs protection measures such as issuing an alarm signal and forcibly power-off according to a preset process, so as to avoid the leakage current sensor from being in an abnormal working condition as much as possible.
  • the toroidal core 210 is made of an amorphous strip, which effectively reduces the volume of the core and increases the power density.
  • the leakage current sensor employs a chip-level clamp-on fluxgate solution.
  • the leakage current sensor includes a current sensing chip, the current sensing chip includes a sensing unit, the sensing unit is connected to an IGBT bridge arm, and the current sensing chip further includes a programmable A gain unit, a temperature compensation unit, a zero point correction unit, and a control unit connected to the three units.
  • the sensing unit is encapsulated in the IGBT output bridge arm, and includes a detecting wire and an even number of magnetic sensor subunits.
  • the magnetic sensing subunits are arranged in an array and arranged in an array, and the detecting wires are separated from each magnetic transmission. The distances of the sensory units are equal, and the outputs of the respective magnetic sensor subunits are differentially amplified and output to the outside.
  • the sensing unit of the leakage current sensor detects a magnetic field generated by a current flowing through the chip by magnetoelectric coupling to form a current signal that is linearly proportional to the primary current.
  • the above current signal is controlled and controlled by the control unit to achieve high precision output.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

一种漏电流传感器和漏电流监测装置，漏电流传感器具有一输入端（101）和一输出端（102），还包括一ASIC芯片（120）和与ASIC芯片（120）电连接的一数字信号处理模块（130），数字信号处理模块（130）将模拟量信号转换为数字量信号并且输出至输出端（102），同时反馈至ASIC芯片（120），ASIC芯片（120）和数字处理模块（130）形成闭环反馈回路，具有可编程增益输出、漏电流等级可调、数字量校正处理、信号双向通讯、安全自检和过温保护等功能。漏电流监测装置包括漏电流传感器，还包括一基板（220）和与基板（220）固接的一环形磁芯（210），基板（220）内嵌于一外壳体（250），漏电流传感器内嵌于基板（220），母线（230）引自被监测漏电流元件并且穿过环形磁芯（210）。

Description

漏电流传感器和漏电流监测装置 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及电流传感领域， 具体涉及一种漏电流传感器和漏电流监测装置。
背景技术
[0002] 漏电流传感器应用领域十分广泛， 被广泛应用于光伏逆变器、 充电桩、 轨道信 号监测、 特种电源、 防火监控等设施设备。 以光伏逆变器为例， 漏电流传感器 作为非隔离光伏逆变器的核心保护器件， 传统的闭环磁通门解决方案由于功率 密度等级低、 体积过大、 成本下降困难等因素不再适用。
[0003] 具体地， 漏电流传感器作为光伏逆变器等设施设备的核心元件， 其整体尺寸已 成为物料清单中尺寸最大的元器件之一， 占用了宝贵的内部空间， 不利于整体 设计小型化、 便携化。
[0004] 具体地， 为适配于不同电流等级， 漏电流传感器通常将部分采样电流放大处理 。 传统的解决方案通常内置放大电路， 输入输出均为模拟量。 上述放大处理方 式由于放大电路的固有特性， 其精度不高， 在放大过程中不可避免地引入新的 噪声， 造成输出量不同程度地失真。
[0005] 具体地， 漏电流传感器作为重要的安规器件， 为进一步提升安全性和可靠性， 在上电和工作过程中必须安全自检和过温保护。
技术问题
[0006] 本发明针对现有技术的状况， 提供一种漏电流传感器， 具有小型化、 智能化、 高功率密度等级等特性。 问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0007] 所述漏电流传感器具有一输入端和一输出端， 还包括与所述输入端电连接且读 取所述输入端模拟量信号的一 ASIC芯片， 所述 ASIC芯片进一步电连接一数字信 号处理模块， 所述数字信号处理模块将模拟量信号转换为数字量信号并且将输 出的数字量信号输出至所述输出端， 所述数字信号处理模块同吋将输出的数字 量信号反馈至所述 ASIC芯片， 所述 ASIC芯片和所述数字处理模块形成闭环反馈 回路；
[0008] 所述输入端包括一电流采样单元， 所述电流采样单元和所述 ASIC芯片之间设 有一基准单元， 所述 ASIC芯片控制所述基准单元产生不同等级基准电流， 所述 电流采样单元用于获取基准电流或者漏电流的模拟量。
[0009] 根据本技术方案， 所述 ASIC芯片重复设定基准电流并且回读所述数字信号处 理模块反馈的上述基准电流的数字量信号， 形成基准电流模拟量与数字量信号 之间的对应映射。
[0010] 根据本技术方案， 所述 ASIC芯片根据上述对应映射补偿漏电流模拟量信号的 误差以输出数字量信号。
[0011] 根据本技术方案， 所述 ASIC芯片具有预置的可编程电路， 所述可编程电路可 编程地增益输出数字量信号。
[0012] 根据本技术方案， 所述漏电流传感器进一步包括一通讯模块， 所述 ASIC芯片 电连接所述通讯模块， 所述通讯模块与外部设备相接并且获取外部控制信号， 所述 ASIC芯片读取上述外部控制信号。
[0013] 根据本技术方案， 所述漏电流传感器进一步包括一通讯模块， 所述 ASIC芯片 电连接所述通讯模块， 所述通讯模块与外部设备相接并且获取外部控制信号， 所述 ASIC芯片读取上述外部控制信号并且调整所述可编程电路。
[0014] 根据本技术方案， 所述通讯模块读取并且向外部设备转发所述 ASIC芯片向其 输出的当前状态信号以实现信号双向通信。
[0015] 根据本技术方案， 所述漏电流传感器进一步包括一安全自检模块和一过温保护 模块， 所述安全自检模块和所述过温保护模块分别电连接所述 ASIC芯片， 所述 过温保护模块具有预设的一温度上限值。
[0016] 所述漏电流监测装置包括一漏电流传感器， 所述漏电流传感器具有一输入端和 一输出端， 还包括与所述输入端电连接且读取所述输入端模拟量信号的一 ASIC 芯片， 所述 ASIC芯片进一步电连接一数字信号处理模块， 所述数字信号处理模 块将模拟量信号转换为数字量信号并且将输出的数字量信号输出至所述输出端 同吋将输出的数字量信号反馈至所述 ASIC芯片， 所述 ASIC芯片和所述数字处理 模块形成闭环反馈回路；
[0017] 所述输入端包括一基准单元和一电流采样单元， 所述 ASIC芯片控制所述基准 单元产生不同等级基准电流， 所述电流采样单元用于获取基准电流或者漏电流 的模拟量；
[0018] 所述漏电流监测装置还包括一基板和与所述基板固接的一环形磁芯， 所述基板 内嵌于一外壳体， 所述漏电流传感器内嵌于所述基板， 所述基板在所述漏电流 传感器外周设有外围电路和多个引脚， 所述引脚引自所述外围电路并且进一步 接插于外部设备；
[0019] 至少一母线， 所述母线引自被监测漏电流元件并且穿过所述环形磁芯。
[0020] 根据本技术方案， 所述环形磁芯采用非晶带材制成。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0021] 本发明的有益效果是： 漏电流传感器可实现可编程增益输出、 漏电流等级可调 、 数字量校正处理、 信号双向通讯、 安全自检和过温保护等功能， 其中输出量 可实现从毫安级到安培级的量程输出调整。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0022] 图 1是本发明优选实施例的模块结构图。
[0023] 图 2是本发明优选实施例的分解结构图。
[0024] 图 3是本发明优选实施例的局部结构图。
[0025] 图中包括附图标记： 111、 基准单元； 112、 电流采样单元； 120、 ASIC芯片； 130、 数字信号处理模块； 140、 通讯模块； 150、 安全自检模块； 160、 过温保 护模块； 101、 输入端； 102、 输出端； 210、 环形磁芯； 220、 基板； 230、 母线 ； 240、 引脚； 250、 外壳体。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0026] 本发明公幵了一种漏电流传感器和漏电流监测装置， 下面结合优选实施例， 对 本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。
[0027] 参见附图的图 1， 图 1示出了所述漏电流传感器的模块框架。 所述漏电流传感器 具有一输入端 101和一输出端 102， 还包括与所述输入端 101电连接且读取所述输 入端 101模拟量信号的一 ASIC芯片 120， 所述 ASIC芯片 120进一步电连接一数字 信号处理模块 130， 所述数字信号处理模块 130可将输出的数字量信号输出至所 述输出端 102， 所述数字信号处理模块 130同吋可将输出的数字量信号反馈至所 述 ASIC芯片 120， 从而形成闭环反馈回路， 便于所述 ASIC芯片 120精确校正输出 增益。
[0028] 参见附图的图 2和图 3， 分别示出了与所述漏电流传感器适配的漏电流监测装置 的分解结构。 所述漏电流监测装置包括一基板 220和与所述基板 220固接的一环 形磁芯 210， 所述基板 220内嵌于一外壳体 250， 所述漏电流传感器内嵌于所述基 板 220， 所述基板 220在所述漏电流传感器外周设有外围电路和多个引脚 240， 所 述引脚 240引自所述外围电路并且进一步接插于外部设备。 所述漏电流监测装置 还包括引自被监测漏电流元件的母线 230， 所述母线 230穿过所述环形磁芯 210。
[0029] 优选地， 所述漏电流传感器的所述输入端 100包括一电流采样单元 112， 所述电 流采样单元 112和所述 ASIC芯片 20之间设有一基准单元 111。 所述基准单元 111作 为内置激励源， 在所述 ASIC芯片 20控制下可产生高精度的不同等级的电流， 例 如 30mA、 60mA. 100mA等。 所述电流采样单元 112用于采样并且获取所述基准 单元 111或者所述母线 230的电流模拟量。
[0030] 所述漏电流传感器可实现电流的数字量校正处理、 可编程增益输出和漏电流等 级可调。 优选地， 所述 ASIC芯片 120设定用于数字量校准的某一电流值， 例如 10 mA。 所述 ASIC芯片 120控制所述基准单元 111产生 10mA基准电流， 所述电流采 样单元 112采样上述基准电流并且获得相应的模拟量。 所述 ASIC芯片 120将上述 基准电流的模拟量输出至所述数字信号处理模块 130。 所述数字信号处理模块 13 0读取上述基准电流的模拟量并且通过内置电路转换为上述基准电流的数字量。 所述数字信号处理模块 130将转换获得的上述基准电流的数字量通过反馈通路反 馈至所述 ASIC芯片 120。 所述 ASIC芯片 120回读上述基准电流的数字量， 并且将 上述基准电流的数字量与用于校准的基准电流值相比较。 所述 ASIC芯片 120重复 设定相同的用于校准的基准电流值， 回读所述数字信号处理模块 130反馈的上述 基准电流的数字量信号， 在此基础上设定多组不同的基准电流值， 即可绘制基 准电 4流模拟量与数字量的对应映射， 明确基准电流值与实际输出值之间的对应 关系。 与此同吋， 由于电路的固有属性， 上述电流预设值与实际输出值之间无 法实现完全一致， 存在较小的误差值。 当所述电流采样单元 112采样获取的是所 述母线 230的电流模拟量吋， 根据基准电流值与实际输出值之间的对应关系， 所 述数字信号处理模块 130即可补偿较小误差而强制地精确输出相应的漏电流数字 量， 从而实现电流的数字量校正处理。
[0031]
Figure imgf000007_0001
(公式一）
[0032] 值得注意的是， 参考上述公式一， 所述数字信号处理模块 130在补偿较小误差 而输出精确的漏电流数字量吋， 所述数字信号处理模块 130既可以将上述漏电 、¾? 数字量 （Vout) 通过输出通路直接输出至所述输出端 102， 也可以通过预置的可 编程电路将上述漏电流数字量 （Vout) 经无损放大后实现精确的增益输出， 避 免传统放大电路放大模拟量吋将误差同步放大的弊端， 实现数字量可编程增益 输出和漏电流等级可调等目的。
[0033] 所述漏电流传感器可实现信号双向通讯功能， 自主或者受控地实现可编程增益 输出和漏电流等级调整。 优选地， 所述漏电流传感器进一步包括一通讯模块 140 ， 所述 ASIC芯片 120电连接所述通讯模块 140， 所述通讯模块 140与外部设备相接 并且获取外部控制信号。 所述 ASIC芯片 120读取上述外部控制信号， 从而受控地 调整可编程电路以适应不同的增益输出和漏电流等级。 也可通过所述通讯模块 1 40读取并且向外部设备转发所述 ASIC芯片 120向其输出的当前状态信号， 从而实 现信号双向通信。
[0034] 所述漏电流传感器在上电和运行过程中均具备安全保护功能， 降低故障率， 延 长使用寿命。 优选地， 所述漏电流传感器进一步包括一安全自检模块 150和一过 温保护模块 160， 所述安全自检模块 150和所述过温保护模块 160分别电连接所述 ASIC芯片 120。 当所述漏电流传感器上电启动吋， 所述安全自检模块 150优先唤 醒并且针对所述数字信号处理模块 130等各个模块予以自检， 所述安全自检模块 150确认各模块无异常后按预设流程唤醒其它模块。 所述过温保护模块 160具有 预设的一温度上限值， 在所述漏电流传感器运行过程中， 由于母线短路等原因 造成所述过温保护模块 160监测获得的温度高于上述温度上限值吋， 所述过温保 护模块 160按预设流程执行发出告警信号、 强制断电等保护措施， 尽可能避免所 述漏电流传感器处于异常工况。
[0035] 优选地， 所述环形磁芯 210采用非晶带材制成， 有效减小磁芯的体积， 提升功 率密度。
[0036] 根据上述优选实施例， 所述漏电流传感器采用芯片级的幵环磁通门解决方案。
优选地， 所述漏电流传感器内置一电流传感芯片， 所述电流传感芯片包括一传 感单元， 所述传感单元与一 IGBT桥臂连接， 所述电流传感芯片还包括一可编程 增益单元、 一温度补偿单元、 一零点修正单元和与上述三个单元相接的一控制 单元。 所述传感单元封装于所述 IGBT输出桥臂， 包括一检测导线和偶数个磁传 感子单元， 所述磁传感子单元位于同一平面且呈阵列排列， 所述检测导线距离 各个磁传感子单元的距离相等， 各个磁传感子单元的输出经差分放大后向外输 出。 所述漏电流传感器的所述传感单元通过磁电耦合来检测流经芯片电流所产 生的磁场形成电流信号， 该磁场与原边电流呈线性比例。 经所述可编程增益单 元的增益调整、 所述温度补偿单元的温度矫正、 所述零点修正单元的零点修正
， 上述电流信号经所述控制单元受控调整后实现高精度输出。
[0037] 对于本领域的技术人员而言， 依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行 修改， 或对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换， 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种漏电流传感器， 其特征在于：
具有一输入端和一输出端， 还包括与所述输入端电连接且读取所述输 入端模拟量信号的一 ASIC芯片， 所述 ASIC芯片进一步电连接一数字 信号处理模块， 所述数字信号处理模块将模拟量信号转换为数字量信 号并且将输出的数字量信号输出至所述输出端， 所述数字信号处理模 块同吋将输出的数字量信号反馈至所述 ASIC芯片， 所述 ASIC芯片和 所述数字信号处理模块形成闭环反馈回路；
所述输入端包括一电流采样单元， 所述电流采样单元和所述 ASIC芯 片之间设有一基准单元， 所述 ASIC芯片控制所述基准单元产生不同 等级基准电流， 所述电流采样单元用于获取基准电流或者漏电流的模 拟量。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的漏电流传感器， 其特征在于， 所述 ASIC芯片重 复设定基准电流并且回读所述数字信号处理模块反馈的上述基准电流 的数字量信号， 形成基准电流模拟量与数字量信号之间的对应映射。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 2所述的漏电流传感器， 其特征在于， 所述 ASIC芯片根 据上述对应映射补偿漏电流模拟量信号的误差以输出数字量信号。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 2或者 3所述的漏电流传感器， 其特征在于， 所述 ASIC 芯片具有预置的可编程电路， 所述可编程电路可编程地增益输出数字 量信号。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的漏电流传感器， 其特征在于， 所述漏电流传感 器进一步包括一通讯模块， 所述 ASIC芯片电连接所述通讯模块， 所 述通讯模块与外部设备相接并且获取外部控制信号， 所述 ASIC芯片 读取上述外部控制信号。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 4所述的漏电流传感器， 其特征在于， 所述漏电流传感 器进一步包括一通讯模块， 所述 ASIC芯片电连接所述通讯模块， 所 述通讯模块与外部设备相接并且获取外部控制信号， 所述 ASIC芯片 读取上述外部控制信号并且调整所述可编程电路。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 5所述的漏电流传感器， 其特征在于， 所述通讯模块读 取并且向外部设备转发所述 ASIC芯片向其输出的当前状态信号以实 现信号双向通信。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1所述的漏电流传感器， 其特征在于， 所述漏电流传感 器进一步包括一安全自检模块和一过温保护模块， 所述安全自检模块 和所述过温保护模块分别电连接所述 ASIC芯片， 所述过温保护模块 具有预设的一温度上限值。
[权利要求 9] 一种漏电流监测装置， 其特征在于， 包括权利要求 1所述的漏电流传 感器， 还包括：
一基板和与所述基板固接的一环形磁芯， 所述基板内嵌于一外壳体， 所述漏电流传感器内嵌于所述基板， 所述基板在所述漏电流传感器外 周设有外围电路和多个引脚， 所述引脚引自所述外围电路并且进一步 接插于外部设备；
至少一母线， 所述母线引自被监测漏电流元件并且穿过所述环形磁芯
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 9所述的漏电流监测装置， 其特征在于， 所述环形磁芯 采用非晶带材制成。
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