WO2018164211A1 - マルチプレクサ、高周波フロントエンド回路及び通信装置 - Google Patents
マルチプレクサ、高周波フロントエンド回路及び通信装置 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/70—Multiple-port networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common load or source
- H03H9/72—Networks using surface acoustic waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
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- H03H9/02543—Characteristics of substrate, e.g. cutting angles
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- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
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- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/02535—Details of surface acoustic wave devices
- H03H9/02818—Means for compensation or elimination of undesirable effects
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- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/02535—Details of surface acoustic wave devices
- H03H9/02818—Means for compensation or elimination of undesirable effects
- H03H9/02834—Means for compensation or elimination of undesirable effects of temperature influence
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- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/125—Driving means, e.g. electrodes, coils
- H03H9/145—Driving means, e.g. electrodes, coils for networks using surface acoustic waves
- H03H9/14544—Transducers of particular shape or position
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/46—Filters
- H03H9/64—Filters using surface acoustic waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/70—Multiple-port networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common load or source
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- H03H9/725—Duplexers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
- H04B1/50—Circuits using different frequencies for the two directions of communication
- H04B1/52—Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multiplexer having two or more elastic wave filters, and a high-frequency front-end circuit and a communication device having the multiplexer.
- multiplexers are widely used in high-frequency front-end circuits of mobile phones and smartphones.
- a multiplexer as a duplexer described in Patent Document 1 below has two or more band-pass filters having different frequencies.
- Each band-pass filter is composed of a surface acoustic wave filter chip.
- Each surface acoustic wave filter chip has a plurality of surface acoustic wave resonators.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an acoustic wave device in which an insulating film made of silicon dioxide and a piezoelectric substrate made of lithium tantalate are stacked on a silicon support substrate.
- the elastic wave device has improved heat resistance by bonding a support substrate to the piezoelectric substrate at the (111) surface of silicon.
- the inventors of the present application have a structure in which a piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate is laminated directly or indirectly on a support substrate made of silicon, on the higher frequency side than the main mode to be used, We found that multiple higher-order modes appeared.
- the ripple due to the higher order mode of the elastic wave filter causes another elastic wave filter having a higher frequency in the multiplexer. May appear in the passband. That is, if the higher-order mode of the elastic wave filter having the lower frequency in the multiplexer is located in the pass band of another elastic wave filter having the higher frequency in the multiplexer, a ripple occurs in the pass band. Therefore, the filter characteristics of other elastic wave filters may be deteriorated.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a multiplexer, a high-frequency front-end circuit having the multiplexer, and a communication device in which ripple due to the higher-order mode hardly occurs in other band-pass filters.
- the inventors of the present invention have first to third high frequency resonators described later in an acoustic wave resonator in which a piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate is laminated directly or indirectly on a support substrate made of silicon. It has been found that the next mode appears on the higher frequency side than the main mode.
- the multiplexer according to the first to third inventions of the present application avoids occurrence of at least one higher-order mode of the first, second, and third higher-order modes in the passband of another filter, respectively. To do.
- a multiplexer provided according to a wide aspect of the present invention includes N elastic wave filters having one end commonly connected and different passbands (where N is an integer of 2 or more), and the N elastic waves
- a piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate a support substrate made of silicon with Euler angles ( ⁇ Si , ⁇ Si , ⁇ Si ), and laminated between the piezoelectric body and the support substrate
- h represents a higher-order mode
- t represents a t th element (resonator) in n of the filter
- m represents an m (m> n) th filter.
- n is the nth filter
- f u is the frequency at the high band end of the pass band
- f l is the frequency at the low band end of the pass band.
- Table 1 Table 2
- a multiplexer provided according to another broad aspect of the present invention includes N (where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2) elastic wave filters having one end connected in common and having different passbands.
- the wave filter is an elastic wave filter (1), an elastic wave filter (2), and an elastic wave filter (N) in order from the lowest pass band, the most pass among the N elastic wave filters.
- At least one elastic wave filter (n) (1 ⁇ n ⁇ N) excluding an elastic wave filter whose band is in a high band has at least one elastic wave resonator, and the elastic wave resonator has an Euler angle.
- a support substrate made of silicon and one of the piezoelectric bodies.
- the thickness normalized by the wavelength ⁇ determined by the electrode finger pitch of the IDT electrode is defined as the wavelength normalized film thickness, and the wavelength standardization of the piezoelectric body is performed.
- the thickness is T LT
- the Euler angle of the piezoelectric body is ⁇ LT
- the wavelength normalized thickness of the silicon oxide film is T S
- the wavelength normalized thickness of the IDT electrode converted to the thickness of aluminum is T E
- T LT, ⁇ LT, T S, T E, ⁇ Si, T Si where ⁇ Si is the propagation direction and T Si is the wavelength normalized thickness of the support substrate
- Table 4 Table 5
- the multiplexer of the present invention also considers ⁇ LT that is not considered in Equation (1), so that at least one higher-order mode among a plurality of higher-order modes has a passband of Less likely to occur in the passband of other high acoustic wave filters.
- the first and second higher-order mode frequencies f hs_t (n) satisfy the expressions (3) and (4), so that the T LT , The values of the ⁇ LT , the T S , the T E , the ⁇ Si, and the T Si are selected.
- the first and third higher-order mode frequencies f hs_t (n) satisfy the expressions (3) and (4).
- the values of LT , ⁇ LT , T S , T E , ⁇ Si and T Si are selected.
- the T and T are set so that the second and third higher-order mode frequencies f hs_t (n) satisfy the expressions (3) and (4).
- the values of LT , ⁇ LT , T S , T E , ⁇ Si and T Si are selected.
- all of the first, second, and third higher-order mode frequencies f hs_t (n) satisfy the expressions (3) and (4).
- the values of the T LT , the ⁇ LT , the T S , the T E , the ⁇ Si, and the T Si are selected.
- ripples due to responses of any of the first higher-order mode, the second higher-order mode, and the third higher-order mode do not appear in the passband of the other elastic wave filter.
- the wavelength normalized thickness T Si of the support substrate is T Si > 4.
- T Si 10.
- T Si > 20.
- the wavelength normalized thickness of the piezoelectric body is 3.5 ⁇ or less.
- the wavelength normalized thickness of the piezoelectric body is 2.5 ⁇ or less.
- the wavelength normalized thickness of the piezoelectric body is 1.5 ⁇ or less.
- the wavelength normalized thickness of the piezoelectric body is 0.5 ⁇ or less.
- the multiplexer terminal further includes an antenna terminal to which one ends of a plurality of acoustic wave filters are commonly connected, and satisfies the expressions (3) and (4).
- the elastic wave resonator is an elastic wave resonator closest to the antenna terminal. In this case, ripples due to the first, second, and third higher-order modes are less likely to occur in the passbands of other elastic wave filters.
- the elastic wave resonators that satisfy the equations (3) and (4) are all of the plurality of elastic wave resonators.
- the ripple due to at least one higher-order mode among the first, second, and third higher-order modes in the other acoustic wave filters can be more effectively suppressed.
- the multiplexer according to the present invention may be a duplexer.
- the multiplexer according to the present invention may be a composite filter in which three or more elastic wave filters are commonly connected on the antenna terminal side.
- the multiplexer is a composite filter device for carrier aggregation.
- the elastic wave filter having the plurality of elastic wave resonators is preferably a ladder type filter having a plurality of series arm resonators and a plurality of parallel arm resonators. In that case, the influence of the higher-order mode can be more effectively suppressed according to the present invention.
- the high-frequency front-end circuit according to the present invention includes a multiplexer configured according to the present invention and a power amplifier.
- the communication device includes a high-frequency front-end circuit having a multiplexer and a power amplifier configured according to the present invention, and an RF signal processing circuit.
- At least one higher-order mode among a plurality of higher-order modes generated by at least one elastic wave resonator constituting the elastic wave filter having a lower passband has a passband of Less likely to occur in the passband of other high acoustic wave filters. Therefore, it is difficult for the filter characteristics of the other acoustic wave filters to deteriorate. Therefore, it is possible to provide a high-frequency front-end circuit and communication device having a multiplexer with excellent filter characteristics.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a multiplexer according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a first acoustic wave filter used in the multiplexer according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic front sectional view of an acoustic wave resonator used in the multiplexer according to the first embodiment, and
- FIG. 3B is a schematic plan view showing an electrode structure of the acoustic wave resonator.
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing passbands of the first to fourth elastic wave filters in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the admittance characteristics of the acoustic wave resonator.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the propagation direction [psi Si support substrate made of silicon, the relationship between the acoustic velocity of the main mode and the first higher order mode.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the wavelength normalized thickness T LT of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate and the sound speeds of the main mode and the first higher-order mode.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the cut angle (90 ° + ⁇ LT ) of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate and the sound speed of the main mode and the first higher-order mode.
- Figure 9 is a diagram showing the wavelength normalized thickness T S of the silicon oxide film, the relationship between the acoustic velocity of the main mode and the first higher order mode.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the wavelength normalized thickness T E of the IDT electrode, the relationship between the acoustic velocity of the main mode and the first higher order mode.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating the filter characteristics of the multiplexer according to the comparative example
- FIG. 11B is a diagram illustrating the filter characteristics of the multiplexer according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the wavelength normalized thickness of the support substrate made of silicon and the phase maximum values of the first higher-order mode, the second higher-order mode, and the third higher-order mode.
- Figure 13 is a diagram showing the propagation direction [psi Si support substrate made of silicon, the relationship between the acoustic velocity of the main mode and the second higher-order modes.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating the filter characteristics of the multiplexer according to the comparative example
- FIG. 11B is a diagram illustrating the filter characteristics of the multiplexer according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the wavelength normalized thickness T LT of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate and the sound speeds of the main mode and the second higher-order mode.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between the cut angle (90 ° + ⁇ LT ) of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate and the sound speeds of the main mode and the second higher-order mode.
- Figure 16 is a diagram showing the wavelength normalized thickness T S of the silicon oxide film, the relationship between the acoustic velocity of the main mode and the second higher-order modes.
- Figure 17 is a diagram showing the wavelength normalized thickness T E of the IDT electrode, the relationship between the acoustic velocity of the main mode and the second higher-order modes.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the relationship between the propagation direction ⁇ Si of the support substrate made of silicon and the sound speeds of the main mode and the third higher-order mode.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the relationship between the wavelength normalized thickness T LT of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate and the sound speeds of the main mode and the third higher-order mode.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the relationship between the cut angle (90 ° + ⁇ LT ) of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate and the sound speeds of the main mode and the third higher-order mode.
- Figure 21 is a diagram showing the wavelength normalized thickness T S of the silicon oxide film, the relationship between the acoustic velocity of the main mode and the third-order mode.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the wavelength normalized thickness T E of the IDT electrode, the relationship between the acoustic velocity of the main mode and the third-order mode.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the relationship between the film thickness and the Q value of the lithium tantalate film in the acoustic wave device.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the relationship between the film thickness of the lithium tantalate film and the frequency temperature coefficient TCF in the acoustic wave device.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the relationship between the film thickness of the lithium tantalate film and the speed of sound in the acoustic wave device.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing the relationship between the wavelength normalized thickness of the piezoelectric film made of lithium tantalate and the specific band.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing the relationship between the film thickness of the silicon oxide film, the material of the high sound velocity film, and the sound velocity.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing the relationship among the film thickness of the silicon oxide film, the electromechanical coupling coefficient, and the material of the high sound velocity film.
- FIG. 29 is a front sectional view of a modification of the acoustic wave resonator used in the present invention.
- FIG. 30 is a front sectional view of another modification of the acoustic wave resonator used in the present invention.
- FIG. 31 is a schematic configuration diagram of a communication apparatus having a high-frequency front end circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a multiplexer according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the multiplexer 1 has an antenna terminal 2.
- the antenna terminal 2 is a terminal connected to, for example, a smartphone antenna.
- the first to fourth elastic wave filters 3 to 6 are commonly connected to the antenna terminal 2.
- Each of the first to fourth elastic wave filters 3 to 6 is a band-pass filter.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship of the passbands of the first to fourth elastic wave filters 3 to 6. As shown in FIG. 4, the passbands of the first to fourth elastic wave filters are different. The pass bands of the first to fourth acoustic wave filters are defined as first to fourth pass bands, respectively.
- the frequency position is first passband ⁇ second passband ⁇ third passband ⁇ fourth passband.
- the low-frequency side end portion f l (m) the high-frequency side end portion f u (m).
- the low-frequency side end is the low-frequency side end of the passband.
- the high band side end is the high band side end of the passband.
- the frequency band end of each band standardized by 3GPP or the like can be used as the low-frequency side end and high-frequency side end of the pass band.
- the first to fourth acoustic wave filters 3 to 6 each have a plurality of acoustic wave resonators.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the first acoustic wave filter 3.
- the first elastic wave filter 3 includes series arm resonators S1 to S3 and parallel arm resonators P1 and P2 each formed of an elastic wave resonator. That is, the first elastic wave filter 3 is a ladder type filter. However, the number of series arm resonators and the number of parallel arm resonators in the ladder filter are not limited to this.
- the second to fourth elastic wave filters 4 to 6 are similarly formed of ladder filters, and have a plurality of series arm resonators and a plurality of parallel arm resonators.
- the first to fourth elastic wave filters 3 to 6 may have a circuit configuration other than the ladder type filter as long as it has a plurality of elastic wave resonators.
- an acoustic wave filter in which an acoustic wave resonator is connected in series to a longitudinally coupled resonator type acoustic wave filter may be used.
- an elastic wave filter in which a ladder type filter is connected to a longitudinally coupled resonator type elastic wave filter may be used.
- FIG. 3A and 3B are schematic front views of the elastic wave resonators constituting the series arm resonators S1 to S3 or the parallel arm resonators P1 and P2 of the first elastic wave filter 3.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view
- FIG. 3B is a schematic plan view showing the electrode structure.
- the acoustic wave resonator 11 includes a support substrate 12, a silicon oxide film 13 stacked on the support substrate 12, and a piezoelectric body 14 stacked on the silicon oxide film 13.
- the support substrate 12 is made of silicon.
- the support substrate 12 is made of single crystal silicon, but may have a crystal orientation even if it is not a complete single crystal.
- the silicon oxide film 13 is a silicon oxide film. As long as the silicon oxide film 13 is silicon oxide, for example, silicon oxide doped with fluorine or the like may be included.
- the piezoelectric body 14 is made of lithium tantalate.
- the piezoelectric body 14 is single crystal lithium tantalate. However, the piezoelectric body 14 does not have to be a complete single crystal as long as it has a crystal orientation.
- the piezoelectric body 14 may be made of a material other than LiTaO 3 as long as it is lithium tantalate.
- the thickness of the silicon oxide film 13 may be zero. That is, the silicon oxide film 13 may not be provided.
- An IDT (Interdigital Transducer) electrode 15 is provided on the upper surface of the piezoelectric body 14. More specifically, reflectors 16 and 17 are provided on both sides of the IDT electrode 15 in the elastic wave propagation direction, thereby constituting a one-port surface acoustic wave resonator.
- the inventors of the present application when exciting the elastic wave, In addition to the response, the present inventors have found that a plurality of higher-order mode responses appear on the higher frequency side than the main mode.
- the plurality of higher-order modes will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an admittance characteristic of an example of an acoustic wave resonator in which a silicon oxide film and a piezoelectric body are laminated on a support substrate.
- the responses of the first to third higher-order modes appear at higher frequency positions than the response of the main mode that appears in the vicinity of 3.9 GHz.
- the response of the first higher-order mode appears in the vicinity of 4.7 GHz as indicated by an arrow.
- the response of the second higher-order mode is higher than that and appears around 5.2 GHz.
- the response of the third higher-order mode appears near 5.7 GHz.
- the frequency of the first higher-order mode response is f1
- the frequency of the second higher-order mode response is f2
- the frequency of the third higher-order mode response is f3, f1 ⁇ f2 ⁇ f3.
- the frequency of the higher-order mode response is a peak position of the impedance phase characteristic of the higher-order mode.
- FIG. 5 is an example, and the frequency positional relationship of each higher-order mode may be switched depending on conditions such as electrode thickness.
- a higher-order mode due to an acoustic wave filter having a lower frequency in the multiplexer has a higher frequency in the multiplexer.
- it appears in the pass band of another elastic wave filter it becomes a ripple.
- at least one higher-order mode among the first higher-order mode, the second higher-order mode, and the third higher-order mode does not appear in the passbands of the second to fourth acoustic wave filters 4 to 6. It is desirable.
- two higher-order modes among the first higher-order mode, the second higher-order mode, and the third higher-order mode do not appear in the passbands of the second to fourth acoustic wave filters 4 to 6.
- the response of the first higher-order mode and the second higher-order mode, the response of the first higher-order mode and the third higher-order mode, or the response of the second higher-order mode and the third higher-order mode Preferably does not appear in the passbands of the second to fourth elastic wave filters 4 to 6.
- it is preferable that all of the first high-order mode, the second high-order mode, and the third high-order mode do not appear in the passbands of the second to fourth acoustic wave filters 4 to 6. .
- the multiplexer 1 is characterized in that the response of the first higher-order mode in the at least one elastic wave resonator constituting the first elastic wave filter 3 is the second to That is, it does not appear in the fourth passband. Therefore, the filter characteristics of the second to fourth elastic wave filters 4 to 6 are hardly deteriorated.
- the response of the first higher-order mode is located outside the pass band of the second to fourth elastic wave filters 4 to 6. Therefore, the filter characteristics of the second to fourth elastic wave filters 4 to 6 are hardly deteriorated by the first higher-order mode.
- the fact that the first higher-order mode frequency is located outside the second to fourth passbands by satisfying the above condition will be described in more detail below.
- the first, second, and third higher-order mode frequencies f hs_t (n) determined by Expression (5) and Expression (2) described above (where s is 1, 2, or 3).
- S is 1, 2 or 3, which is the first, second or third higher-order mode, respectively) at least one of the passbands than the at least one acoustic wave filter (n).
- the elastic wave filters (m) (n ⁇ m ⁇ N) having a high value the values satisfy the above-described expression (3) and the above-described expression (4).
- the wavelength normalized thickness is a thickness obtained by standardizing the thickness with the wavelength of the IDT electrode.
- the wavelength means the wavelength ⁇ determined by the electrode finger pitch of the IDT electrode. Therefore, the wavelength standardized thickness is a thickness obtained by standardizing the actual thickness with ⁇ being 1, and is a value obtained by dividing the actual thickness by ⁇ .
- the wavelength ⁇ determined by the electrode finger pitch of the IDT electrode may be determined by an average value of the electrode finger pitch.
- the wavelength normalized thickness may be simply referred to as the film thickness.
- the inventors of the present application have found that the frequency position of the first higher-order mode is affected by each parameter described above.
- the sound velocity in the main mode hardly changes, but the sound velocity in the first higher-order mode changes greatly depending on the propagation direction ⁇ Si of the support substrate made of silicon.
- the sound speed of the first higher-order mode varies depending on the wavelength normalized thickness T LT of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate.
- the sound speed of the first higher-order mode also changes depending on the cut angle of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate, that is, (90 ° + ⁇ LT ).
- the wavelength normalized thickness T S of the silicon oxide film the sound velocity of the first higher-order mode is changed slightly. Further, as shown in FIG.
- the acoustic velocity of the first higher-order mode is slightly changed.
- the inventors of the present application freely changed these parameters to obtain the sound speed of the first higher-order mode.
- the sound speed of the first higher-order mode is expressed by the equation (1).
- the coefficient in Formula (1) should just be a value shown in following Table 7 for every crystal orientation of the support substrate which consists of silicon.
- the coefficient in the equation (5) may be a value shown in Table 8 below for each crystal orientation of the support substrate made of silicon.
- f h1 means the frequency of the first higher-order mode
- t is the number of an element such as a resonator constituting the nth filter.
- f h1_t is higher than f u (m) or lower than f l (m) . That is, f h1_t is lower than each low-frequency side end of the second passband, the third passband, and the fourth passband shown in FIG. 4, or higher than each high-frequency side end. Therefore, it can be seen that the frequency f h1_t (n) of the first higher-order mode is not located in the second to fourth passbands.
- ⁇ LT is ⁇ 180 ° ⁇ LT ⁇ 0 °, but ⁇ LT and ⁇ LT + 180 ° may be treated as being synonymous.
- the range of 0 ° ⁇ 5 ° in the Euler angle means ⁇ 5 ° or more and + 5 °
- the range of 0 ° ⁇ 15 ° means in the range of ⁇ 15 ° or more and + 15 ° or less.
- Wavelength normalized thickness T E of the IDT electrode 15 is the thickness in terms of the film thickness of the IDT electrodes made of aluminum.
- the electrode material is not limited to Al.
- Various metals such as Ti, NiCr, Cu, Pt, Au, Mo, and W can be used. Further, an alloy mainly composed of these metals may be used. Further, a laminated metal film formed by laminating a plurality of metal films made of these metals or alloys may be used.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating the filter characteristics of the multiplexer of the comparative example in which the elastic wave resonator does not satisfy the expressions (3) and (4), and FIG. It is a figure which shows the filter characteristic of the multiplexer of embodiment.
- 11 (a) and 11 (b) show the filter characteristics of the first elastic wave filter and the second elastic wave filter.
- the solid line is the filter characteristic of the first elastic wave filter.
- ripples appear in the passband in the filter characteristics of the second elastic wave filter. This ripple is due to the high-order mode response of the acoustic wave resonator in the first acoustic wave filter.
- FIG. 11B such a ripple does not appear in the passband of the second acoustic wave filter in the multiplexer of the first embodiment. That is, since the elastic wave resonator is configured to satisfy the expressions (3) and (4), the ripple does not appear in the second passband of the second elastic wave filter.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the wavelength normalized thickness of the support substrate made of silicon and the phase maximum values of the first higher-order mode, the second higher-order mode, and the third higher-order mode.
- the wavelength normalized thickness of the support substrate made of silicon is larger than 4 ⁇ , the magnitude of the response in the first higher-order mode becomes almost constant and becomes sufficiently small. If the wavelength normalized thickness of the support substrate is larger than 10 ⁇ , the responses of the second and third higher-order modes are also reduced. If the thickness is larger than 20 ⁇ , all of the first to third higher-order modes are Small enough. Therefore, the wavelength normalized thickness T Si of the support substrate is preferably T Si > 4. More preferably, the wavelength normalized thickness T Si of the support substrate is T Si > 10. More preferably, the wavelength normalized thickness T Si of the support substrate is T Si > 20.
- the frequency of the first higher-order mode is expressed by Equation (3) or Equation (4) was satisfied. More preferably, in the acoustic wave resonator closest to the antenna terminal, it is desirable that the frequency of the higher-order mode response satisfies the formula (3) or the formula (4).
- the influence of higher-order modes in the acoustic wave resonator closest to the antenna terminal tends to appear more in the passbands of the other second to fourth acoustic wave filters 4 to 6 than in other acoustic wave resonators. It depends.
- the frequency position of the first higher-order mode satisfies Expression (3) or Expression (4).
- Expression (3) the ripple due to the response of the first higher-order mode is more unlikely to occur due to the passbands of the second to fourth elastic wave filters 4 to 6.
- the higher-order mode tends to be confined in the portion where the silicon oxide film 13 and the piezoelectric body 14 are laminated.
- the laminated portion of the silicon oxide film 13 and the piezoelectric body 14 becomes thin, so that the higher-order mode is hardly confined.
- the thickness of the piezoelectric body 14 made of lithium tantalate is 2.5 ⁇ or less, and in that case, the absolute value of the frequency temperature coefficient TCF can be reduced. Furthermore, preferably, the thickness of the piezoelectric body 14 made of lithium tantalate is 1.5 ⁇ or less. In this case, the electromechanical coupling coefficient can be easily adjusted. More preferably, the film thickness of the piezoelectric body 14 made of lithium tantalate is 0.5 ⁇ or less. In this case, the electromechanical coupling coefficient can be easily adjusted in a wide range.
- the ripple of the second higher-order mode, not the first higher-order mode, is not located in the passband of the second to fourth filters 4 to 6. This will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the acoustic velocity of the second order mode is changed by the propagation direction [psi Si.
- the sound speed of the second higher-order mode also changes depending on the wavelength normalized thickness T LT of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate.
- the sound speed of the second higher-order mode also changes depending on the cut angle (90 ° + ⁇ LT ) of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate.
- the wavelength normalized thickness T S of the silicon oxide film by the wavelength normalized thickness T S of the silicon oxide film, the sound velocity of the second order mode is changed.
- the wavelength normalized thickness T E of the IDT electrode the acoustic velocity of the second order mode is changed.
- the sound speed of the second higher-order mode is also expressed by the formula (1) or the formula (5) as in the case of the first embodiment.
- the coefficient of the formula (1) needs to be a value shown in Table 9 below for each crystal orientation of the support substrate made of silicon.
- the coefficient of the equation (5) needs to be a value shown in Table 10 below for each crystal orientation of the support substrate made of silicon in the second higher-order mode.
- the frequency position f H2_t response of the second-order mode (n) V h2_t / ⁇ t (n) is determined.
- the frequency position f h2_t (n) of the second higher-order mode is set so as to satisfy the following formula (3A) or formula (4A). Therefore, in the second embodiment, the response of the second higher-order mode is located outside the second to fourth pass bands of the second to fourth elastic wave filters 4 to 6. Therefore, the filter characteristic ripples of the second to fourth acoustic wave filters 4 to 6 are less likely to occur due to the response of the second higher-order mode.
- the ripple of the third higher-order mode, not the first higher-order mode, is not located in the passband of the second to fourth filters 4 to 6. This will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the acoustic velocity of the third higher order mode is changed by the propagation direction [psi Si.
- the sound speed of the third higher-order mode also changes depending on the wavelength normalized thickness T LT of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate.
- the sound speed of the third higher-order mode also changes depending on the cut angle (90 ° + ⁇ LT ) of the piezoelectric body made of lithium tantalate.
- the wavelength normalized thickness T S of the silicon oxide film by the wavelength normalized thickness T S of the silicon oxide film, the sound velocity of the third higher order mode changes.
- the acoustic velocity of the third higher order mode changes.
- the sound speed of the third higher-order mode is also expressed by the formula (1) or the formula (5) as in the case of the first embodiment.
- the coefficient of the formula (1) needs to be a value shown in Table 11 below for each crystal orientation of the support substrate made of silicon.
- the coefficient of Expression (5) needs to be a value shown in Table 12 below for each crystal orientation of the support substrate made of silicon.
- the frequency position f h3_t (n) V h3_t / ⁇ t ( n) determines the frequency position of the response of the third higher-order mode.
- the frequency position of the third higher-order mode is set so as to satisfy the following formula (3B) or formula (4B). Therefore, in the second embodiment, the response of the third higher-order mode is located outside the second to fourth pass bands of the second to fourth elastic wave filters 4 to 6. Therefore, ripples in the filter characteristics of the second to fourth acoustic wave filters 4 to 6 due to the response of the third higher-order mode hardly occur.
- the fourth embodiment satisfies all of the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment.
- the specific structure of the multiplexer of the fourth embodiment is the same as that of the first to third embodiments.
- the frequency f H1_t response of the first higher order mode (n), the response of the second frequency f H2_t response of the higher order modes (n) and the third higher order mode Any of the frequencies f h3 — t (n) is higher than f u (m) or lower than f l (m) . Accordingly, the responses of the first to third higher-order modes are located outside the second to fourth pass bands of the second to fourth elastic wave filters 4 to 6. Therefore, the filter characteristics of the second to fourth acoustic wave filters are more unlikely to deteriorate.
- the conditions of the fourth embodiment can be summarized as follows : f hs_t (n) (where s is 1, 2 or 3) and s is 1, 2 and 3, and f hs_t (n) > F u (m) or f hs_t (n) ⁇ f 1 (m) is satisfied. Also in the fourth embodiment, it is preferable that T Si > 20, so that the magnitude of the response in the first to third higher-order modes can be reduced.
- the responses of the first higher-order mode, the second higher-order mode, and the third higher-order mode are the passbands of the second to fourth elastic wave filters that are other elastic wave filters.
- the first higher-order mode and the second higher-order mode the first higher-order mode and the third higher-order mode, or the second higher-order mode and the third higher-order mode.
- two kinds of higher-order modes among the first to third higher-order modes may be located outside the passband of the second to fourth elastic wave filters. That is, the T LT , the ⁇ LT , the T S , and the T are set so that the first and second higher-order mode frequencies f hs_t (n) satisfy the expressions (3) and (4).
- the values of E , ⁇ Si, and T Si may be selected, and the first and third higher-order mode frequencies f hs_t (n) satisfy the equations (3) and (4).
- the values of the T LT , the ⁇ LT , the T S , the T E , the ⁇ Si and the T Si may be selected, or the second and third higher-order mode frequencies f
- the values of T LT , ⁇ LT , T S , T E , ⁇ Si, and T Si are selected so that hs_t (n) satisfies the expressions (3) and (4). It may be. Even in such a case, the influence of the higher-order mode can be further reduced as compared with the first to third embodiments.
- FIG. 23 shows a low sound velocity film made of silicon oxide film having a film thickness of 0.35 ⁇ and a piezoelectric film made of lithium tantalate having Euler angles (0 °, ⁇ 40 °, 0 °) on a high sound velocity support substrate made of silicon. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the film thickness of the lithium tantalate in the elastic wave apparatus which laminated
- the vertical axis in FIG. 23 is the product of the Q characteristic of the resonator and the ratio band ( ⁇ f).
- the high sound velocity support substrate is a support substrate in which the sound velocity of the propagating bulk wave is higher than the sound velocity of the elastic wave propagating through the piezoelectric body.
- a low sound velocity film is a film in which the sound velocity of a propagating bulk wave is lower than the sound velocity of an elastic wave propagating through a piezoelectric body.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the relationship between the film thickness of the lithium tantalate film and the frequency temperature coefficient TCF.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the relationship between the film thickness of the lithium tantalate film and the speed of sound. From FIG. 23, the thickness of the lithium tantalate film is preferably 3.5 ⁇ or less. In that case, the Q value becomes higher than that in the case of exceeding 3.5 ⁇ . More preferably, in order to further increase the Q value, the film thickness of the lithium tantalate film is desirably 2.5 ⁇ or less.
- the absolute value of the frequency temperature coefficient TCF can be made smaller than that when the film thickness exceeds 2.5 ⁇ . . More preferably, the thickness of the lithium tantalate film is desirably 2 ⁇ or less. In that case, the absolute value of the frequency temperature coefficient TCF can be 10 ppm / ° C. or less. In order to reduce the absolute value of the frequency temperature coefficient TCF, the thickness of the lithium tantalate film is more preferably set to 1.5 ⁇ or less.
- the film thickness of the lithium tantalate film is in the range of 0.05 ⁇ or more and 0.5 ⁇ or less, the ratio band greatly changes. Therefore, the electromechanical coupling coefficient can be adjusted in a wider range. Therefore, in order to expand the adjustment range of the electromechanical coupling coefficient and the specific band, it is desirable that the thickness of the lithium tantalate film is in a range of 0.05 ⁇ to 0.5 ⁇ .
- FIGS. 27 and 28 are diagrams showing the relationship between the film thickness ( ⁇ ) of the silicon oxide film, the speed of sound, and the electromechanical coupling coefficient, respectively.
- a silicon nitride film, an aluminum oxide film, and diamond were used as the high sound velocity film below the low sound velocity film made of silicon oxide, respectively.
- the high sound velocity film is a film in which the sound velocity of the propagating bulk wave is higher than the sound velocity of the elastic wave propagating through the piezoelectric body.
- the film thickness of the high acoustic velocity film was 1.5 ⁇ .
- the speed of sound of bulk waves in silicon nitride is 6000 m / sec
- the speed of sound of bulk waves in aluminum oxide is 6000 m / sec
- the speed of sound of bulk waves in diamond is 12800 m / sec.
- FIGS. 27 and 28 even if the material of the high sound velocity film and the thickness of the silicon oxide film are changed, the electromechanical coupling coefficient and the sound velocity hardly change.
- the film thickness of the silicon oxide film is 0.1 ⁇ or more and 0.5 ⁇ or less, the electromechanical coupling coefficient hardly changes regardless of the material of the high sound velocity film.
- FIG. 28 it can be seen from FIG.
- the film thickness of the silicon oxide film is 0.3 ⁇ or more and 2 ⁇ or less, the sound speed does not change regardless of the material of the high sound speed film. Therefore, preferably, the film thickness of the low acoustic velocity film made of silicon oxide is 2 ⁇ or less, more desirably 0.5 ⁇ or less.
- FIG. 29 is a front sectional view of a modification of the acoustic wave resonator used in the present invention.
- the piezoelectric body 14 made of lithium tantalate is laminated on the support substrate 12.
- Other structures of the elastic wave resonator 61 are the same as those of the elastic wave resonator 11.
- FIG. 30 is a front sectional view of another modification of the acoustic wave resonator used in the present invention.
- a high acoustic velocity film 64 is laminated between the silicon oxide film 13 and the support substrate 12.
- the high acoustic velocity film 64 is made of a high acoustic velocity material in which the acoustic velocity of the propagating bulk wave is higher than the acoustic velocity of the elastic wave propagating through the piezoelectric body 3.
- the high acoustic velocity film 64 is preferably made of silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, DLC, or the like.
- Other structures of the acoustic wave resonator 63 are the same as those of the acoustic wave resonator 11.
- the elastic wave device in each of the above embodiments can be used as a component such as a duplexer of a high-frequency front end circuit.
- a high frequency front end circuit An example of such a high frequency front end circuit will be described below.
- FIG. 31 is a schematic configuration diagram of a communication apparatus having a high-frequency front-end circuit.
- the communication device 240 includes an antenna 202, a high frequency front end circuit 230, and an RF signal processing circuit 203.
- the high frequency front end circuit 230 is a circuit portion connected to the antenna 202.
- the high-frequency front end circuit 230 includes a multiplexer 210 and amplifiers 221 to 224 as power amplifiers in the present invention.
- the multiplexer 210 has first to fourth filters 211 to 214. As the multiplexer 210, the above-described multiplexer of the present invention can be used.
- the multiplexer 210 has an antenna common terminal 225 connected to the antenna 202.
- first to third filters 211 to 213 as a reception filter and one end of 214 of a fourth filter as a transmission filter are commonly connected to the antenna common terminal 225.
- Output terminals of the first to third filters 211 to 213 are connected to the amplifiers 221 to 223, respectively.
- An amplifier 224 is connected to the input end of the fourth filter 214.
- the output terminals of the amplifiers 221 to 223 are connected to the RF signal processing circuit 203.
- An input terminal of the amplifier 224 is connected to the RF signal processing circuit 203.
- the multiplexer according to the present invention can be suitably used as the multiplexer 210 in such a communication device 240.
- the multiplexer in the present invention may have only a plurality of transmission filters or may have a plurality of reception filters.
- the multiplexer includes n band-pass filters, and n is 2 or more. Therefore, the duplexer is also a multiplexer in the present invention.
- the present invention can be widely used in communication devices such as cellular phones as filters, multiplexers applicable to multiband systems, front-end circuits, and communication devices.
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Abstract
Description
fhs_t (n)<fl (m) 式(4)
前記式(1)~式(4)におけるhは高次モードであることを示し、tはフィルタのnにおけるt番目の素子(共振子)を表し、mはm(m>n)番目のフィルタを表し、nはn番目のフィルタを表し、fuは通過帯域の高域側端部の周波数であり、flは通過帯域の低域側端部の周波数である。
fhs_t (n)<fl (m) 式(4)
前記式(2)~式(4)及び式(5)におけるhは高次モードであることを示し、fuは通過帯域の高域側端部の周波数であり、flは通過帯域の低域側端部の周波数である。
fhs_t (n)<fl (m) 式(4)
a)Si(100)(オイラー角(φSi=0±5°,θSi=0±5°,ψSi)とする)を使用する場合、ψSiの範囲は0°≦ψSi≦45°とする。もっとも、Si(100)の結晶構造の対称性から、ψSiとψSi ±(n×90°)とは同義である(但し、n=1,2,3・・・)。同様に、ψSiと-ψSiとは同義である。
第2の実施形態では、第1の高次モードではなく、第2の高次モードのリップルが、第2~第4のフィルタ4~6の通過帯域に位置していない。これを図13~図17を参照しつつ説明する。
fh2_t (n)<fl (m) 式(4A)
第3の実施形態では、第1の高次モードではなく、第3の高次モードのリップルが、第2~第4のフィルタ4~6の通過帯域に位置していない。これを図18~図22を参照しつつ説明する。
fh3_t (n)<fl (m) 式(4B)
第4の実施形態は、第1の実施形態、第2の実施形態及び第3の実施形態の全てを満たすものである。第4の実施形態のマルチプレクサの具体的な構造は、第1~第3の実施形態と同様である。
2…アンテナ端子
3~6…第1~第4の弾性波フィルタ
11…弾性波共振子
12…支持基板
13…酸化ケイ素膜
14…圧電体
15…IDT電極
16,17…反射器
202…アンテナ
203…RF信号処理回路
210…マルチプレクサ
211~214…第1~第4のフィルタ
221~224…増幅器
225…アンテナ共通端子
230…高周波フロントエンド回路
240…通信装置
P1,P2…並列腕共振子
S1~S3…直列腕共振子
Claims (21)
- 一端が共通接続されており、通過帯域が異なるN個の(但し、Nは2以上の整数)弾性波フィルタを備え、
前記N個の弾性波フィルタのうち最も通過帯域が高域にある弾性波フィルタを除く、少なくとも1つの弾性波フィルタが、
オイラー角(φLT=0°±5°の範囲内,θLT,ψLT=0°±15°の範囲内)のタンタル酸リチウムからなる圧電体と、
オイラー角(φSi、θSi、ψSi)のシリコンからなる支持基板と、
前記圧電体と前記支持基板との間に積層されている酸化ケイ素膜と、
前記圧電体の一面に設けられたIDT電極とを有する複数の弾性波共振子と、
を有し、
下記の式(1)及び式(2)で決定される第1、第2及び第3の高次モード周波数fhs_t (n)(但し、sは1,2または3であり、sが1,2または3のとき、それぞれ、第1,第2または第3の高次モードである。)の内の少なくとも1つが、m>nである全てのmについて、前記IDT電極の電極指ピッチで定まる波長λにより規格化した厚みを波長規格化膜厚としたとき、前記複数の弾性波共振子のうち少なくとも1つの弾性波共振子において、前記圧電体の波長規格化厚みTLT、前記圧電体のオイラー角のθLT、前記酸化ケイ素膜の波長規格化厚みTS、アルミニウムの厚みに換算した前記IDT電極の波長規格化厚みTE、前記支持基板内における伝搬方位ψSi、及び前記支持基板の波長規格化厚みTSiの値が、下記の式(3)及び下記の式(4)を満たす値とされている、マルチプレクサ。
fhs_t (n)<fl (m) 式(4)
前記式(1)~式(4)におけるhは高次モードであることを示し、tはフィルタのnにおけるt番目の素子(共振子)を表し、mはm(m>n)番目のフィルタを表し、nはn番目のフィルタを表し、fuは通過帯域の高域側端部の周波数であり、flは通過帯域の低域側端部の周波数である。
なお、前記式(1)における各係数は、s=1、2、または3のとき、前記支持基板の結晶方位毎に下記の表1、表2または表3に示すそれぞれの値である。
- 一端が共通接続されており、通過帯域が異なるN個の(但し、Nは2以上の整数)弾性波フィルタを備え、
前記N個の弾性波フィルタを、通過帯域が低い方から順番に弾性波フィルタ(1)、弾性波フィルタ(2)、、、弾性波フィルタ(N)としたときに、
前記N個の弾性波フィルタのうち最も通過帯域が高域にある弾性波フィルタを除く、少なくとも1つの弾性波フィルタ(n)(1≦n<N)が、少なくとも1つの弾性波共振子を有し、
前記弾性波共振子は、
オイラー角(φLT=0°±5°の範囲内,θLT,ψLT=0°±15°の範囲内)のタンタル酸リチウムからなる圧電体と、
オイラー角(φSi,θSi,ψSi)のシリコンからなる支持基板と、
前記圧電体の一面に設けられたIDT電極と、を有し、
前記弾性波共振子において、前記IDT電極の電極指ピッチで定まる波長λにより規格化した厚みを波長規格化膜厚とし、前記圧電体の波長規格化厚みをTLT、前記圧電体のオイラー角をθLT、前記酸化ケイ素膜の波長規格化厚みをTS、アルミニウムの厚みに換算した前記IDT電極の波長規格化厚みをTE、前記支持基板内における伝搬方位をψSi、前記支持基板の波長規格化厚みをTSiとした場合に、前記TLT、前記θLT、前記TS、前記TE、前記ψSi、前記TSiで定まる下記の式(5)及び式(2)で決定される第1、第2及び第3の高次モード周波数fhs_t (n)(但し、sは1、2または3であり、sが1、2または3のとき、それぞれ、第1、第2または第3の高次モードである。)の内の少なくとも1つが、前記少なくとも1つの弾性波フィルタ(n)よりも通過帯域が高いすべての弾性波フィルタ(m)(n<m≦N)において、下記の式(3)及び下記の式(4)を満たす値とされている、マルチプレクサ。
fhs_t (n)<fl (m) 式(4)
前記式(2)~式(4)及び式(5)におけるhは高次モードであることを示し、fuは通過帯域の高域側端部の周波数であり、flは通過帯域の低域側端部の周波数である。
なお、前記式(2)における各係数は、s=1、2、または3のとき、前記支持基板の結晶方位毎に下記の表4、表5または表6に示すそれぞれの値である。
- 前記第1及び第2の高次モード周波数fhs_t (n)が、前記式(3)及び前記式(4)を満たすように、前記TLT、前記θLT、前記TS、前記TE、前記ψSi及び前記TSiの値が選択されている、請求項1または2に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 前記第1及び第3の高次モード周波数fhs_t (n)が、前記式(3)及び前記式(4)を満たすように、前記TLT、前記θLT、前記TS、前記TE、前記ψSi及び前記TSiの値が選択されている、請求項1または2に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 前記第2及び第3の高次モード周波数fhs_t (n)が、前記式(3)及び前記式(4)を満たすように、前記TLT、前記θLT、前記TS、前記TE、前記ψSi及び前記TSiの値が選択されている、請求項1または2に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 前記第1、第2及び第3の高次モード周波数fhs_t (n)の全てが、前記式(3)及び前記式(4)を満たすように、前記TLT、前記θLT、前記TS、前記TE、前記ψSi及び前記TSiの値が選択されている、請求項1または2に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 前記支持基板の波長規格化厚みTSiが、TSi>4ある、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- TSi>10である、請求項7に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- TSi>20である、請求項8に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 前記圧電体の波長規格化厚みが、3.5λ以下である、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 前記圧電体の波長規格化厚みが、2.5λ以下である、請求項10に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 前記圧電体の波長規格化厚みが、1.5λ以下である、請求項10に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 前記圧電体の波長規格化厚みが、0.5λ以下である、請求項10に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 複数の弾性波フィルタの一端が共通接続されているアンテナ端子がさらに備えられており、
前記式(3)及び前記式(4)を満たす前記弾性波共振子が、前記アンテナ端子に最も近い、弾性波共振子である、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載のマルチプレクサ。 - 前記式(3)及び前記式(4)を満たす前記弾性波共振子が、複数の弾性波共振子の全てである、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- デュプレクサである、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 3個以上の弾性波フィルタが前記アンテナ端子側で共通接続されている複合フィルタである、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- キャリアアグリゲーション用複合フィルタ装置である、請求項17に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 前記複数の弾性波共振子を有する前記弾性波フィルタが、複数の直列腕共振子と複数の並列腕共振子とを有するラダー型フィルタである、請求項1~17のいずれか1項に記載のマルチプレクサ。
- 請求項1~19のいずれか1項に記載のマルチプレクサと、
パワーアンプと、
を備える、高周波フロントエンド回路。 - 請求項1~19のいずれか1項に記載のマルチプレクサ及びパワーアンプを有する高周波フロントエンド回路と、
RF信号処理回路と、
を備える、通信装置。
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