WO2018162642A1 - Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de crémaillères - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de crémaillères Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018162642A1
WO2018162642A1 PCT/EP2018/055763 EP2018055763W WO2018162642A1 WO 2018162642 A1 WO2018162642 A1 WO 2018162642A1 EP 2018055763 W EP2018055763 W EP 2018055763W WO 2018162642 A1 WO2018162642 A1 WO 2018162642A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
parallel
toothing
rack
tool
blanks
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/055763
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Helmut Braun
Walter BERNOLD
Original Assignee
Thyssenkrupp Presta Ag
Thyssenkrupp Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thyssenkrupp Presta Ag, Thyssenkrupp Ag filed Critical Thyssenkrupp Presta Ag
Publication of WO2018162642A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018162642A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
    • B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B23F23/1293—Workpiece heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F1/00—Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface
    • B23F1/06—Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface by milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F15/00—Methods or machines for making gear wheels of special kinds not covered by groups B23F7/00 - B23F13/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F17/00—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
    • B23F23/02—Loading, unloading or chucking arrangements for workpieces
    • B23F23/06—Chucking arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
    • B23F5/20—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
    • B23F5/02—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding
    • B23F5/08—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding the tool being a grinding disc having the same profile as the tooth or teeth of a rack

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing toothed racks, which extend in the direction of a longitudinal axis and in a plane lying parallel to the longitudinal axis toothing a toothing with extending transversely to the longitudinal axis in a tooth direction teeth, in which at least one rack blank is clamped in a clamping device and a tool head of a processing machine in the tooth direction is moved in the tool engagement parallel to the toothing plane, wherein at least one tooth is introduced parallel to the toothing plane by the tool head.
  • An apparatus for carrying out the method is likewise an object of the invention.
  • such a rack In steering gears of motor vehicles such a rack is slidably mounted in the direction of its longitudinal axis and connected via tie rods with the stub axles of the steerable wheels.
  • a rack In the longitudinally extending toothing of the rack engages a steering shaft mounted on a steering pinion, so that rotation of the steering shaft is converted by a displacement of the rack connected to the steering knuckle in a steering angle of the wheels.
  • a rack blank is provided, usually a rod-shaped section with a round, semicircular (D-shaped), Y-shaped or other cross-section, preferably of steel.
  • a plurality of teeth is introduced by subsequent processing, which are arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular or oblique to the longitudinal axis and together form the teeth arranged parallel to the toothing plane.
  • the shaping of the teeth in a rack blank can be done by machining, for example by milling.
  • a milling machine for milling the teeth of a rack is known from DE 1 033 487 A. This has as a tool head on a milling head which is movable relative to a clamping device.
  • the tensioning device is mounted on a cross slide which is horizontally adjustable in two directions.
  • the method of processing provides that a milling cutter, for example a Disk or roll mill, brought into cutting engagement with the clamped in machining position in the clamping device rack and is moved in a working stroke in the tooth direction parallel to the toothing plane across the rack blank, so that a corresponding tooth or a tooth portion is cut transversely to the longitudinal axis.
  • the feed of the rack blank takes place in the direction of its longitudinal axis by at least one tooth width relative to the milling head until successively all the teeth are introduced over the length of the toothing.
  • a toothed rack blank is respectively clamped in the clamping device and the teeth are milled by means of repeated working strokes of the tool head transversely to the longitudinal axis until the toothing is complete and the toothed rack is machined. Subsequently, the clamping device is brought out of the machining position and the finished rack stretched out of the clamping device. Then a new rack blank is clamped and the tensioning device brought back into the machining position in front of the tool head, where the teeth are milled.
  • At least two toothed rack blanks be clamped parallel to one another in the clamping device and that the tool head is moved parallel to the common toothing plane in a working stroke extending over both toothed blanks with continuous tool engagement.
  • at least two toothed rack blanks are clamped with their longitudinal axes next to one another, parallel to one another in the clamping device.
  • the toothed rack blanks clamped in this way have a common, continuous toothing plane, which is accessible for machining by means of a tool head.
  • the tool head is moved in a working stroke in the tool engagement parallel to the toothing plane transversely to the longitudinal axis relative to the adjacent clamped rack blanks, and the tool is guided parallel to the Veryakungs- level by the initially unprocessed surface of the rack blank, wherein the Zahnstangerohlinge each at least one transverse continuous tooth or a tooth portion is generated.
  • the Zahnstangerohlinge each at least one transverse continuous tooth or a tooth portion is generated.
  • all inventively clamped rack blanks can be processed substantially simultaneously in a working stroke transverse to the longitudinal axis, for example of a milling head by milling a continuous tooth structure with one or more teeth transversely in the clamped rack blanks.
  • two rack blanks are clamped in pairs against each other in contact.
  • two rack blanks are introduced into a corresponding receptacle of the clamping device and clamped together between clamping elements, for example, against each other can be pressed jaws.
  • the rack blanks lie in direct contact in the longitudinal direction parallel to each other.
  • the common toothing plane which is structured as described according to the invention in each case in a continuous working stroke of the tool head with a continuous tooth or tooth portion, can extend over the toothed rack blanks transversely to the longitudinal axis without a gap, whereby burr formation can be reduced.
  • the pairwise handling of the rack blanks and the finished racks can be particularly labor efficient.
  • the tool head When machining the toothed rack blanks, the tool head advantageously turns over in the direction of the longitudinal axis once one or more teeth have been processed moved a planned tooth spacing and then carried out the next stroke. This allows the clamped rack blanks remain fixed during the entire processing in a fixed position. As a result, the machining accuracy can be increased.
  • the machining head can be guided by a robot.
  • the tool is optimized for machining in its path to save process time.
  • the milling head when machining the clamped rack blanks, can be displaced by a predetermined distance in the direction of the longitudinal axis after completion of the machining of one tooth or several teeth, and then the next working stroke can be carried out.
  • the predetermined distance may be one or more times the tooth spacing measured in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
  • the working stroke can be performed obliquely in the machine direction to the transverse direction, ie not at right angles to the longitudinal axis.
  • the working stroke may be performed at an angle to the transverse direction to produce helical gearing.
  • the machining head can be guided by a robot.
  • the milling head can be moved oscillatingly across both rack blanks, so to speak, with machining being possible in both directions in order to save further process time.
  • the indentation according to the invention over two or more racks transversely through teeth can be done by machining, such as milling, broaching, planing, bumping, grinding or the like, or by means of plastic forming processes such as rolling, pressing, kneading or the like.
  • the tool head is talking tools equipped to carry out each of the procedures used. Accordingly, the tool head can have a tool for machining, for example a milling cutter or the like.
  • the toothing plane extends in the vertical direction, preferably at an angle of ⁇ 30 ° to the direction of gravity, wherein the individual, for example in pairs juxtaposed rack blanks are arranged horizontally, parallel to a horizontal direction, preferably at an angle of ⁇ 30 ° to the direction perpendicular to the direction of gravity extending horizontal.
  • the tooth direction is also substantially perpendicular, or inclined at a helical toothing against the vertical.
  • the tool head is moved in working strokes parallel to the toothing plane in the vertical direction, ie up or down. It is advantageous that during machining machining chips and processed cooling and cutting fluid under the influence of gravity fall automatically from the processing area and can be easily removed. It is furthermore conceivable and possible for the toothed rack blanks to be clamped vertically in pairs next to one another, so that they are arranged parallel to the direction of the gravitational force.
  • the rack blanks can be clamped against one another in the clamping device between clamping jaws.
  • the clamping jaws are preferably arranged in pairs in the vertical direction, so that the rack blanks can be clamped horizontally in between.
  • For clamping the clamping jaws are movable in the vertical direction against each other. Two or more pairs of jaws may be spaced apart longitudinally to securely fix the racks over their length.
  • first rack blanks are clamped in a first clamping device in a loading position outside the tool engagement, while second rack blanks are in a second clamping device in machining position for machining in the tool engagement, and Zahnstangenroh- lingen finished machined racks of a third Clamping device are unloaded in unloading outside the tool engagement of the jig, wherein the Clamping devices are circumferentially or alternately positioned in loading position, machining position and unloading position.
  • the at least three tensioning devices can be brought by means of appropriate transport and positioning in time, which is determined by the duration of machining to produce the teeth in the machining position in tool engagement in front of the tool head, for loading or clamping the rack blanks in a loading position, and Unloading or unclamping the toothed finished racks to an unloading position.
  • the loading and unloading position can be arranged in a flow of production in the flow direction in front of and behind the processing position.
  • the clamping devices may be configured the same, for example, as along a production line along moving carriage, or on a revolver or carousel-like changing device, so that the or each of the clamping devices relative to the tool head is linearly movable and / or rotatable about an axis of rotation.
  • the clamping devices can be alternately or cyclically positioned for machining in front of the tool head in clock cycles, so that a quasi-continuous, clocked production can be realized.
  • a device for producing toothed racks which extend in the direction of a longitudinal axis and in a plane lying parallel to the longitudinal axis toothing have teeth with transverse to the longitudinal axis in a tooth direction teeth
  • a tool head in the tooth direction parallel to the toothing plane is movable for introducing at least one tooth parallel to the toothing plane
  • at least two rack blanks are clamped parallel side by side in the clamping device and the tool head in a continuous over both tooth bar blanks working stroke parallel to a common toothing plane is movable with continuous tool engagement.
  • the device is configured, for example, as a machine for machining with a tool head, for example as a milling machine or milling tool with a milling head, wherein the tool head for inserting teeth or tooth sections as for the previous method is movable transversely to the longitudinal direction parallel to the toothing plane, wherein the machining direction the tooth direction corresponds.
  • a working stroke of the tool at least in two demoeinader adjacent clamped rack blanks continuously formed a tooth or consisting of several teeth tooth portion, for example milled.
  • the process according to the invention can be implemented efficiently.
  • An advantageous embodiment provides that the toothing plane is arranged substantially perpendicularly parallel to a direction of gravity, and the longitudinal axes are aligned substantially horizontally.
  • the toothing plane is in a range of about ⁇ 30 ° to the vertical, so that chips and cooling and lubricating fluid flow down automatically by gravity.
  • the teeth of the toothing are also substantially perpendicular, which can be achieved in that the longitudinal axes of the racks are in a range of about ⁇ 30 ° to the horizontal.
  • clamping devices can each be positioned relative to the tool head optionally in the machining position or in the loading or unloading position.
  • the clamping devices can be positioned by means of a motorized, preferably automated transport or positioning device as described above alternately or cyclically circumferentially in the power stroke for processing in front of the tool head, and simultaneously in loading and unloading position for loading rack racks and for removal of finished racks.
  • the device can be designed to be able to carry out advantageous developments of the method, for example with clamping devices for clamping with a substantially vertical toothing plane.
  • FIG. 2 shows a tensioning device of the device according to FIG. 1 in a schematic perspective view
  • 3 shows a clamping device with clamped rack blanks in a schematic side view in the processing position
  • FIG. 4 two built racks
  • Figure 5 shows a device for carrying out the method according to the invention in a second embodiment in a schematic view from above similar to Figure 1
  • Figure 6 shows a device with a clamping device in a second embodiment in a schematic view in the longitudinal direction.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 1 according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention, which is described below by way of example as a milling machine, but can also be designed to carry out another machining or non-cutting machining method suitable for the formation of toothings.
  • the device 1 has a tool head designed as a milling head 2, which has a milling tool from which a workpiece is machined in a machining area 21, i. can be milled.
  • the device 1 comprises several, in the example shown three clamping devices 3, which are of identical construction, as shown in Figure 2 in perspective.
  • Each of the tensioning devices 3 has two pairs of clamping jaws 41 and 42 which are movable together in a transverse direction Q which points out of the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1, as indicated in FIG. 2 by the arrows directed against one another.
  • the transverse direction Q points vertically upward with respect to the direction of gravity G pointing downward in the illustration of FIG.
  • the side faces facing away from the tensioning device 3 and facing the milling head 2 define a continuous, common toothing plane 7.
  • This toothing plane 7 extends perpendicular to the direction of the gravitational force G parallel to the transverse direction Q and to the longitudinal direction L.
  • a pair of toothed rack blanks 5 and 6 are clamped between the clamping jaws 41 and 42 in a loading area 81, shown dashed in FIG. 1, in which a tensioning device 3 is located outside the processing area 21 in the loading position. Subsequently, the clamping device 3 is positioned by means of a positioning drive, not shown in the longitudinal direction in front of the milling head 2 in the processing area 21, as also shown in dashed lines in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a view, seen from the left in the drawing of FIG. 1, perpendicular to a clamping device 3 located in the machining area 21, frontally on the common toothing plane 7, in front of which the milling head 2 is in the machining position.
  • the milling head 2 is moved in the processing direction Z obliquely to the transverse direction Q across both rack blanks 5 and 6, wherein a tooth portion 91 is milled by means of a not known in detail, known milling tool in a working stroke, the one , or as illustrated, includes some teeth 92.
  • the milling head 2 is shown schematically in the center position, wherein the already milled teeth 92 are shown in the rack blank 6 with solid lines, and in the same stroke still throughout in the adjacently clamped rack blank 5 to be milled teeth 92 are indicated by dashed lines.
  • the milling head 2 is shown in dashed lines in different positions in the illustration of Figure 3 in order to better illustrate the trajectory can. Likewise, the path of movement is partially shown by dashed lines.
  • the milling head 2 is displaced in the direction of the longitudinal axis L by a designated distance dL after completion of the machining of one tooth 92 and then the next working stroke is executed in the dashed Z-direction.
  • dL the milling head 2 is displaced in the direction of the longitudinal axis L by a designated distance dL after completion of the machining of one tooth 92 and then the next working stroke is executed in the dashed Z-direction.
  • the working stroke is not executed at right angles to the longitudinal axis L, but in the machining direction Z, obliquely to the transverse direction Q.
  • the working stroke is performed at an angle to the transverse direction Q in the example shown in order to achieve a helical gearing.
  • the clamped rack blanks 5 and 6 can remain fixed during the entire processing in a fixed position. As a result, the machining accuracy can be increased.
  • the milling head 2 can be guided by a robot. In the example, the milling head 2 is moved back and forth across both rack blanks 5 and 6, so that process time is once again saved here.
  • the entire toothing 9 is distributed over a defined length s and is formed from the entirety of the teeth 92, which are milled into the toothed rack blanks 5 and 6 in a plurality of tooth sections 91 in successive working strokes of the milling head 2.
  • the milled gearing can be a straight toothing, a helical gearing or a variable gearing.
  • FIG. 4 shows two finished toothed racks 51, 61 with a round cross section into which the toothing 9 has been introduced over the defined length s of the toothed racks 51, 61.
  • the clamping devices 3 in circulation during each clock in parallel in the loading area 81 with rack blanks 5 and 6 by the invention paired clamping between the jaws 41 and 42 are fitted in the processing area 21, the rack blanks 5 and 6 for milling the teeth 92 of the toothing 9 are positioned in front of the milling head 2, and are unloaded by also pairwise removal of the then finished toothed racks 51 and 61.
  • the clamping devices 3 advance by one position, wherein the one or the empty clamping device 3 can be transported from the unloading area 82 into the loading area 81 for re-fitting with rack blanks 5, 6.
  • a plurality of clamping devices 3 may be mounted on the sides of a turntable 31 which is rotated in time around an axis, so that in each case one arranged on the respective side clamping device 3 in the charging 81, in Processing area 21 or in the unloading area 82 is located.
  • the clamping devices 3 are thus clocked through the various stations effetivelyrotiert, as explained above for the device 1 of Figure 1 in principle.
  • Figure 6 shows a possible variant of a clamping device 3.
  • This has two pairs of clamping jaws 41 and 42, which are arranged one above the other in the transverse direction Q, ie with respect to the direction of gravity G.
  • two pairs of half-round rack blanks 5 and 6 can be clamped and processed simultaneously.
  • transverse teeth 92 are milled into both pairs in a working stroke of the milling head 2, which is moved over all the clamped rack blanks 5 and 6.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de crémaillères (51, 61), qui s'étendent dans la direction d'un axe longitudinal (L) et qui comportent, dans un plan de denture parallèle à l'axe longitudinal (L), une denture (9) pourvue de dents (92) s'étendant de manière transversale par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (L) dans une direction de dent. Ledit procédé consiste à enserrer au moins une ébauche de crémaillère (5, 6) dans un dispositif de serrage (3) et à déplacer une tête d'outil (2) d'une machine d'usinage dans la direction de dent en prise avec l'outil de manière parallèle par rapport au plan de denture. Au moins une dent est introduite de manière parallèle par rapport au plan de denture par la tête d'outil (2). L'invention vise à rationaliser la fabrication de crémaillères et à accélérer la production de la denture (9). L'invention propose à cet effet d'enserrer au moins deux ébauches de crémaillère (5, 6) de manière parallèle les unes à côté des autres dans le dispositif de serrage (3) et à déplacer la tête d'outil (2) de manière parallèle par rapport au plan de denture (7) commun avec une prise d'outil continue respectivement lors d'une course de travail passant au-dessus des deux ébauches de crémaillère (5, 6).
PCT/EP2018/055763 2017-03-10 2018-03-08 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de crémaillères WO2018162642A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017204026.2 2017-03-10
DE102017204026.2A DE102017204026A1 (de) 2017-03-10 2017-03-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Zahnstangen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018162642A1 true WO2018162642A1 (fr) 2018-09-13

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PCT/EP2018/055763 WO2018162642A1 (fr) 2017-03-10 2018-03-08 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de crémaillères

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DE (1) DE102017204026A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018162642A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112570815A (zh) * 2020-11-28 2021-03-30 浙江索特传动科技有限公司 一种齿条磨削工装及使用方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1330949A (en) * 1919-03-01 1920-02-17 Albert L Sinclair Rack-cutting attachment for fellows gear-cutters
US1720620A (en) * 1926-02-25 1929-07-09 Lees Bradner Co Loading device for grinding machines
US2117930A (en) * 1935-02-09 1938-05-17 Gould & Eberhardt Outboard swivel support
DE1033487B (de) 1955-08-13 1958-07-03 Mannesmann Fa A Zahnstangen- und Laengsfraesmaschine mit Werkzeugkopf zum Abwaelzfraesen
US4282782A (en) * 1979-07-10 1981-08-11 Anderson-Cook, Inc. Method of making rotary die racks
DE102012008296A1 (de) * 2012-04-26 2013-10-31 Klingelnberg Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen, Bearbeiten und/oder Prüfen profiltragender Segmente

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD214790B1 (de) 1983-04-18 1987-03-18 Mikromat Dresden Betrieb Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schleifen von zahnstangen auf universalgewindeschleifmaschinen

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1330949A (en) * 1919-03-01 1920-02-17 Albert L Sinclair Rack-cutting attachment for fellows gear-cutters
US1720620A (en) * 1926-02-25 1929-07-09 Lees Bradner Co Loading device for grinding machines
US2117930A (en) * 1935-02-09 1938-05-17 Gould & Eberhardt Outboard swivel support
DE1033487B (de) 1955-08-13 1958-07-03 Mannesmann Fa A Zahnstangen- und Laengsfraesmaschine mit Werkzeugkopf zum Abwaelzfraesen
US4282782A (en) * 1979-07-10 1981-08-11 Anderson-Cook, Inc. Method of making rotary die racks
DE102012008296A1 (de) * 2012-04-26 2013-10-31 Klingelnberg Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen, Bearbeiten und/oder Prüfen profiltragender Segmente

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112570815A (zh) * 2020-11-28 2021-03-30 浙江索特传动科技有限公司 一种齿条磨削工装及使用方法
CN112570815B (zh) * 2020-11-28 2021-11-09 浙江索特传动科技有限公司 一种齿条磨削工装及使用方法

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