WO2018161618A1 - 防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构及防漏件 - Google Patents

防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构及防漏件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018161618A1
WO2018161618A1 PCT/CN2017/108584 CN2017108584W WO2018161618A1 WO 2018161618 A1 WO2018161618 A1 WO 2018161618A1 CN 2017108584 W CN2017108584 W CN 2017108584W WO 2018161618 A1 WO2018161618 A1 WO 2018161618A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
annular
sealing film
side wall
leakage preventing
film
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/108584
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
无锡市凯顺医疗器械制造有限公司
单希杰
Original Assignee
无锡市凯顺医疗器械制造有限公司
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Application filed by 无锡市凯顺医疗器械制造有限公司 filed Critical 无锡市凯顺医疗器械制造有限公司
Publication of WO2018161618A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018161618A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
    • B01L2200/0689—Sealing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to medical devices, and more particularly to devices for collecting body fluids and components for connecting and sealing open ends of test tubes.
  • the fitting structure of the liquid take-off member and the test tube is such that the lower portion of the liquid take-up member is inserted into the test tube, but the plug-in fit has the following defects:
  • test tube plug As the test tube plugs the open end of the test tube, if the object or liquid in the test tube needs to be detected, the test tube plug needs to be taken out before the implementation, so the operation steps are numerous.
  • the liquid at the bottom of the liquid take-up member can easily take out the liquid in the test tube, which easily contaminates the outside of the test tube.
  • test strip or the test straw when the test strip or the test straw is inserted into the test tube, it is easy to cause the liquid in the test tube to overflow and cause pollution.
  • the prior art liquid take-up member is matched with the annular side wall of the test tube plug (leak-proof member), and the combined thrust is large and the firmness is poor.
  • the prior art test tube assembly (where the leakage preventing member is disposed at the opening of the test tube) is inclined at a certain angle, and the liquid in the test tube plug (leak prevention member) is leaked, and the gas is mixed in the test tube when the detector is detected. In the process of the internal liquid, the liquid in the tube is easily leaked to cause pollution.
  • how to provide a matching structure of the leakage preventing member and the test tube and the liquid take-up member can block the opening of the test tube while filling the liquid, and can reduce the pollution, even if the test tube is overturned after storing the liquid or The shock is greatly prevented, and the liquid in the test tube can be effectively prevented from flowing out; the liquid leaking inside the leakage preventing member is effectively prevented from leaking out, and the process of injecting gas into the test tube during the detection of the detector is effectively prevented.
  • the liquid leakage is effective to ensure the firmness of the liquid take-up and leak-proof parts when they are fixed together, and the strip test and the detector test can be performed on the liquid in the test tube without removing the leak-proof parts, which has become an urgent technology to be solved in the industry. problem.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a convenient, hygienic, strong and easy to fall off, reducing the amount of material used, after filling the test tube, the test tube is overturned or vibrated, and the liquid between the test tube and the leakage preventing block is sealed.
  • the structure of the leakage preventing member which is not easy to leak out and the test tube and the liquid take-up member.
  • a matching structure of a leakage preventing member and a test tube and a liquid take-up member comprising a liquid take-up member, a test tube and a leak-proof member.
  • the leakage preventing member includes an annular side wall (ie, a cylindrical side wall) and a sealing film.
  • the leakage preventing member is integral.
  • the leakage preventing member is provided with at least two sealing films, and the two sealing films are located at different heights of the inner side surface of the annular side wall, and the sealing film is formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall.
  • the leakage preventing member is coupled to the opening of the test tube.
  • the liquid take-up member includes an upper portion and a lower portion, and the upper portion of the liquid take-up member is used for liquid collection.
  • the lower portion of the liquid take-up member is mated with the leakage preventing member, such as a plug connection, a screw connection, or the like, but is not limited thereto.
  • the lower portion of the liquid take-up member is longitudinally inserted into the sealing film and closely cooperates with the leakage preventing member without destroying the original structure of the sealing film; the lowest portion of the liquid outlet of the liquid taking portion, and the liquid taking portion is exhausted.
  • the lowest point of the mouth or the lowest of the lower end of the liquid take-up or the bottom end of the similar annular side wall is not higher than the lowest point of the lowermost plugging film; when the liquid take-off member and the leakage preventing member are separated,
  • the plugging membrane can prevent leakage of liquid between the liquid in the test tube and the plugging membrane.
  • the detector injects gas into the test tube, and in the process of mixing the liquid in the test tube, the liquid in the test tube is along the annular side of the leak-proof member.
  • the sealing film effectively reduces the upward kinetic energy of the liquid due to the acute angle or right angle of the sealing film and the inner side surface of the annular side wall, and the sealing film is effective in combination with the liquid weight.
  • the ground can prevent the liquid from rising, and the liquid in the test tube and the liquid in the leakage preventing member are prevented from leaking out of the test tube.
  • the number of the plugging films may be 2, 3, 4, 5, etc., but is not limited thereto.
  • At least one of the plugging membranes is in the form of a sheet, and the sheet-shaped plugging membrane is provided with a movable end and a fixed end, the movable end and the fixed end are integrated, and the fixed end is connected with the annular side wall of the leakage preventing member
  • the movable end is deflectable relative to the fixed end.
  • the sealing film may be a sheet-shaped plugging film, and the plugging film may be a sheet-shaped plugging film.
  • the upper surface of each movable end of the sheet-like plugging film may form a round table top which is large and small.
  • the upper surface of each movable end of the sheet-like plugging film may also form a concave arc surface.
  • the movable end of the sheet-like plugging film may be 3, 4, 5, 6, or the like.
  • the three movable ends form a Y shape, and the four movable ends form a cross or an X shape.
  • At least one of the sealing films is annular, and the fixed end of the annular sealing film is connected to the inner side surface of the annular side wall of the leakage preventing member.
  • the plugging membrane may be a sheet-shaped plugging membrane, and the plugging membrane may be a ring-shaped plugging membrane, and the partial plugging membrane may be a ring-shaped plugging membrane.
  • the plugging film comprises a ring-shaped plugging film and a sheet-like plugging film.
  • the sheet-shaped plugging film is provided with a movable end and a fixed end, the movable end and the fixed end are integrated, the fixed end is connected to the annular side wall, and the movable end is deflectable relative to the fixed end;
  • the fixed end of the plugging film is connected to the inner side surface of the annular side wall.
  • the annular sealing film may be located above the sheet-shaped sealing film, and the sheet-shaped sealing film is located below the annular sealing film; or the sheet-shaped sealing film may be located above the annular sealing film.
  • the film When at least two sheets are used to seal the film, it can be produced by 3D printing.
  • the area of the channel formed by the annular side wall covered by the annular sealing film is not less than 40% of the cross-sectional area of the channel.
  • the inner diameter of the passage formed by the annular side wall enclosing is uniform.
  • the lowest part of the lowermost sealing film refers to the lowest part of the lower surface or the side surface of the annular sealing film; when the lowermost sealing film is a sheet-like sealing film, The lowest part of the lowermost sealing film refers to the lowest point of the movable end and the lower part of the liquid take-up piece; if the lowermost piece-shaped sealing film is not matched with the lower part of the liquid taking part, the lowest part of the lowermost sealing film refers to the lowermost piece. The lowest part of the lower surface of the plugging membrane.
  • the lower portion of the liquid take-up member is closely matched with the leakage preventing member.
  • the channel may be disposed above the plugging film at the uppermost portion of the leakage preventing member, and the outer side of the lower portion of the liquid taking member is closely matched with the inner side wall of the leakage preventing passage.
  • the lower part of the liquid take-off piece and the plugging film may be connected in the following manner:
  • the outer side of the lower part of the liquid take-up member is closely matched with the annular sealing film, and is closely matched on the upper surface of the sheet-shaped sealing film;
  • the lower portion of the liquid take-up member passes through the upper and lower annular sealing films but does not contact the annular sealing film;
  • the lower part of the liquid take-up member passes through the upper and lower sheet-like plugging membranes, and at least closely matches the upper surface of one of the sheet-shaped plugging membranes; or the lower part of the liquid-removing member passes through the upper and lower sheet-like plugging membranes, but does not touch The sheet-like plugging film;
  • the lower portion of the liquid take-up member passes through the annular plugging film and the sheet-shaped plugging film but does not contact the annular plugging film and the sheet-shaped plugging film.
  • the annular plugging film is located above the sheet-shaped plugging film.
  • the lower portion of the liquid take-off member passes through the annular sealing film and the sheet-shaped sealing film, and is closely fitted on the inner side surface of the annular sealing film; but does not contact the sheet-shaped sealing film;
  • the lower portion of the liquid take-up member passes through the annular sealing film and the sheet-shaped sealing film, and is closely fitted on the upper surface of the sheet-shaped sealing film; but does not contact the annular sealing film.
  • the lower portion of the liquid take-up member is closely matched with the plugging film.
  • the inner side of the lower portion of the liquid take-up member may be closely fitted to the inner side surface of the annular sealing film.
  • the annular sealing film When the cross-section of the annular sealing film is quadrangular (such as a rectangle, a square, a parallelogram, a trapezoid or a side width near the fixed end side, a narrow quadrangle with respect to the other side of the fixed end, etc.), the annular sealing film
  • the upper surface, the lower surface, and the side surface connecting the upper surface and the lower surface (one end of the annular sealing film is connected to the inner side surface of the annular side wall).
  • the upper surface may be a flat surface, a sloped surface, a truncated conical surface, or a circular arc surface or the like.
  • the inner side surface of the annular plugging film is a circular arc surface.
  • the quadrilateral When the cross-section of the annular sealing film is a quadrilateral combined with a semicircle or a small semicircle, the quadrilateral may be a rectangle, a square, a parallelogram, a trapezoid or a side width near one side of the fixed end, and a quadrangle narrower than the other side of the fixed end. a narrow quadrangular shape on the other side of the fixed end, etc.; the annular sealing film has an upper surface, a lower surface, and a circular arc surface connecting the upper surface and the lower surface, and the annular sealing film The inner side is the circular surface.
  • the lower outer side surface of the liquid take-up member may be closely fitted to the upper surface of the sheet-shaped plugging film.
  • the lower outer side surface of the liquid take-off member may be closely matched with the inner side surface of the annular sealing film and the upper surface of the sheet-shaped sealing film.
  • the annular sealing film intersects the inner side surface of the annular side wall.
  • a groove having a downward opening in the longitudinal direction is formed.
  • the groove surface of the groove may be a curved surface.
  • the groove serves to prevent outflow of liquid retained in the leak preventer.
  • the upper surface of the annular sealing film is an inverted truncated conical surface, and the diameter of the upper surface of the annular sealing film decreases from top to bottom.
  • the width of the annular plugging film is no more than 35% of the inner diameter of the annular side wall.
  • the function is as follows: 1.
  • the outer diameter of the lower part of the liquid taking part is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower part of the liquid take-off part when the liquid taking part is directly matched with the annular side wall of the prior art leakage preventing part, Therefore, in the case where the connection is also ensured to be stable and firm, the material for the liquid take-up member can be reduced.
  • the width of the annular sealing film of the sealing film is limited, and the length of the upper surface of the sealing film is actually limited, thereby effectively
  • the ground ensures the reset of the sealing film at the mating part after the liquid take-off piece and the leak-proof part are separated.
  • the thickness of the annular sealing film far from the inner side surface of the annular side wall of the annular sealing film is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film near the inner side surface of the annular side wall.
  • the thickness of the thickest part of the annular sealing film is greater than or equal to 0.7mm and less than or equal to 1mm, and the thickness of the thickest part of the annular sealing film is small, which is not conducive to the recovery of the annular sealing film when the liquid taking part is pulled out.
  • Original the thickness of the thickest part of the annular sealing film far from the inner side surface of the annular side wall of the annular sealing film is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film near the inner side surface of the annular side wall.
  • the thickness of the thickest portion of the annular plugging film is greater than 37% of the width of the annular plugging film.
  • the annular sealing film near the inner side surface of the annular side wall is thick, the annular sealing film far from the inner side surface of the annular side wall is thin, and the upper surface of the annular sealing film is a truncated conical surface. It is beneficial to avoid the eversion of the annular sealing film when the liquid take-out member is pulled out, which is beneficial to the rapid recovery of the annular sealing film to the initial state, and effectively preventing the leakage of the liquid in the leakage preventing member.
  • the annular side wall of the leakage preventing member is provided with an annular protrusion formed by the outer side of the annular side wall, the opening of the test tube, the test tube
  • the inner side wall is provided with a ring groove matched with the annular protrusion
  • the leakage preventing member is placed at the opening of the test tube
  • the outer side surface of the annular side wall is matched with the inner side wall of the test tube
  • the annular protrusion is Cooperating with the ring groove.
  • the distance between the two sealing films on the annular side wall is not less than 35% of the inner diameter of the annular side wall, which is to increase the liquid when the liquid in the tube jumps outward when the tube is subjected to a large shock.
  • the moving distance in the leakage preventing member eventually falls into the leakage preventing member as the potential energy of the jumping liquid is weakened, thereby reducing the probability that the liquid will jump outside the leakage preventing member.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a leakage preventing member for use in cooperation with a test tube and a liquid take-up member.
  • a leakage preventing member comprises an annular side wall and a sealing film, wherein the sealing film is formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall, and the leakage preventing member is provided with at least two sealing films, the sealing The blocking film is located at different heights on the inner side surface of the annular side wall; the leakage preventing member is integrally formed, and the object can longitudinally penetrate the sealing film without destroying the sealing film, and the outer side of the annular side wall is provided with the test tube Use anti-shedding structure.
  • the detector injects gas into the test tube, and in the process of mixing the liquid in the test tube, the liquid in the test tube is along the annular side of the leak-proof member.
  • the sealing film effectively reduces the upward kinetic energy of the liquid due to the acute angle or right angle of the sealing film and the inner side surface of the annular side wall, and the sealing film is effective in combination with the liquid weight.
  • the ground can prevent the liquid from rising, and the liquid in the test tube and the liquid in the leakage preventing member are prevented from leaking out of the test tube.
  • the anti-drop structure is located at an upper portion of the leakage preventing member, and the anti-drop structure is formed by an outer side of the annular side wall extending outward and extending downward; or the anti-shedding structure is an annular protrusion.
  • the annular projection is formed to extend outward from the outer side of the annular side wall.
  • the cross section of the annular protrusion may be a semicircle, a spherical crown, a triangle, or the like.
  • the outer side surface of the annular projection may be a flat surface, a sloped surface or a curved surface or the like, preferably a circular arc surface or a sloped surface.
  • the sealing film comprises an annular sealing film and a sheet sealing film, wherein the sheet sealing film is provided with a movable end and a fixed end, and the movable end and the fixed end are integrated.
  • the fixed end is connected to the annular side wall, and the movable end is deflectable relative to the fixed end; the fixed end of the annular sealing film is connected with the inner side of the annular side wall; the ring a sealing film is located above the sheet-shaped plugging film, and the annular sealing film and the inner side surface of the annular side wall form a groove with a longitudinal opening downward; the groove is used to prevent staying in the The outflow of liquid in the leakage preventing member.
  • an angle between the annular sealing film and the annular sidewall at the groove is greater than 5° and less than 90°.
  • the angle between the annular sealing film and the annular side wall at the groove is an acute angle, when the lower portion of the liquid take-up member is pulled out from the test tube assembly (the leakage preventing member is disposed at the opening of the test tube) When the test tube assembly is tilted or inverted, or the vibration is released, the leakage preventing member can effectively prevent the liquid leakage in the leakage preventing member and the test tube.
  • the groove surface of the groove is a curved surface.
  • the angle between the annular sealing film and the annular side wall at the groove is a right angle or an obtuse angle
  • the leakage preventing member is set
  • the annular plugging membrane can effectively prevent the outflow of liquid between the two plugging membranes.
  • a passage for engaging the lower portion of the liquid take-up member is provided above the annular plugging film.
  • the diameter of the upper surface of the annular plugging film decreases from top to bottom.
  • the diameter of the upper surface of the annular sealing film can be gradually from top to bottom.
  • the progressive decrement can also be a smooth decrement or an arc-shaped delivery.
  • the upper surface of the annular sealing film may be a truncated conical surface.
  • the annular sealing film width is not more than 35% of the inner diameter of the annular side wall.
  • the annular sealing film is quickly and effectively reset; on the other hand, the leakage preventing member is used.
  • the outer diameter of the lower portion of the liquid take-up member is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower portion of the liquid take-off member when the liquid take-up member is directly matched with the test tube, and is also directly and leak-proof than the liquid take-off member.
  • the annular side wall is matched, the outer diameter of the lower part of the liquid take-up member is small, and in the case where the connection is also ensured to be stable and firm, the material for the liquid take-up member can be reduced.
  • the sealing film comprises an annular sealing film, and the thickness of the annular sealing film far from the inner side surface of the annular side wall is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film near the inner side surface of the annular side wall.
  • the thickness of the thickest portion of the annular plugging film is greater than 37% of the width of the annular plugging film.
  • the annular sealing film near the inner side surface of the annular side wall is thick, the annular sealing film far from the inner side surface of the annular side wall is thin, and the upper surface of the annular sealing film is a truncated conical surface. It is beneficial to avoid the eversion of the annular sealing film when the liquid take-out member is pulled out, which is beneficial to the rapid recovery of the annular sealing film to the initial state, and effectively preventing the leakage of the liquid in the leakage preventing member.
  • the sealing film comprises an annular sealing film and a sheet sealing film, the annular sealing film is located above the sheet sealing film, and the upper end surface of the annular side wall is The highest point of the annular plugging film is on the same plane.
  • the area of the channel formed by the sealing film covering the annular side wall is not less than 40% of the cross-sectional area of the channel.
  • the distance between the two sealing films on the annular side wall is not less than 35% of the inner diameter of the annular side wall. If the longitudinal spacing between the two plugging membranes is too small, the residence time between the two plugging membranes during the extraction process is very short, which is not conducive to effective leakage prevention.
  • a leakage preventing member for use in cooperation with a test tube and a liquid take-up member.
  • a leakage preventing member comprises an annular side wall and a sealing film, wherein the sealing film is formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall, and the leakage preventing member is provided with at least two sealing films, the sealing The plugging film is located at different heights on the inner side surface of the annular side wall; the leakage preventing member is integrally formed, the cross-sectional area of the channel formed by the annular side wall enclosing is C, and the sealing film located above covers the ring
  • the cross-sectional area of the side wall forming channel is a, and the sealing film located below covers the annular side wall to form a channel having a cross-sectional area b, the a is smaller than the b, and the object runs through in the longitudinal direction.
  • the sealing film does not destroy the original structure of the sealing film.
  • the detector injects gas into the test tube, and in the process of mixing the liquid in the test tube, the liquid in the test tube is along the annular side of the leak-proof member.
  • the sealing film effectively descends because the sealing film forms an acute angle or a right angle with the inner side surface of the annular side wall.
  • the low kinetic energy of the liquid, combined with the liquid weight, the plugging membrane effectively prevents the liquid from rising, and prevents the liquid in the test tube and the liquid in the leak preventer from leaking out of the test tube.
  • the a is not less than 20% of the b and not more than 98% of the b.
  • the a is not less than 55% of the b and not more than 90% of the b.
  • the sealing film comprises an annular sealing film and a sheet sealing film, wherein the sheet sealing film is provided with a movable end and a fixed end, and the movable end and the fixed end are integrated.
  • the fixed end is connected to the annular side wall, and the movable end is deflectable relative to the fixed end; the fixed end of the annular sealing film is connected to the inner side of the annular side wall;
  • the plugging film is located above the sheet-like plugging film.
  • the sheet-shaped plugging film may have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or the like movable ends.
  • the sheet-shaped plugging film covers the annular side wall to form a channel having a cross-sectional area of not less than 70% of the cross-section of the channel.
  • the upper surface of the sheet-shaped plugging mold may be a plane or a slope, and an upper surface of the sheet-shaped plugging mold may be at an angle of 90° or more with the annular side wall.
  • the length of the upper surface of the movable end is greater than the diameter of the channel, and the impact of the liquid on the upper surface of the movable end in the test tube when subjected to the outward force of the liquid in the test tube.
  • the lower upward movement forms a limiting structure at the upper surface of the movable end and the bottom end of the annular side wall, so that the larger the punching force of the sheet-shaped sealing film is, the more severe the closing is, which effectively prevents the leakage of the liquid in the test tube. .
  • the distance between the side of the movable end and the annular side wall is greater than or equal to zero; when the external force of the liquid in the test tube is received, the side of the movable end Forming an interference fit with the annular side wall, so that the side of the movable end and the bottom end of the annular side wall form a limiting structure, so that the larger the impulse of the sheet-shaped sealing film is, the stricter the closing is, Effectively prevents the leakage of liquid in the test tube.
  • the sheet-shaped plugging membrane has at least three movable ends, and the movable ends may be 3, 4, 5, 6, etc., and the length of the dividing line between the adjacent two movable ends is not greater than the channel diameter 35. %. That is, the corresponding distance between the two ends of the dividing line on the cross section of the channel is not more than 35% of the diameter of the channel.
  • the liquid which is traced up with the liquid take-up piece is blocked by the sheet-like plugging film located below, even if the film-like plugging film is escaping, the liquid-receiving liquid pick-up piece After going up between the annular plugging membrane and the sheet-like plugging membrane, When it is ascending, it will encounter the close fitting of the annular sealing film and the lower part of the liquid taking part, and finally the liquid falling in the liquid or liquid collecting channel which is pulled up with the liquid taking out will be trapped in two places. Between the blocking film, no leakage.
  • the present invention forms an acute angle between the annular sealing film and the annular side wall, so that when the liquid filled test tube assembly is tilted or even inverted from the vertical state, it is located in the assembly between the two sealing films. The liquid does not flow out.
  • the test tube assembly using the leakage preventing member of the present invention can be freely dropped from a certain level after being filled with liquid.
  • the upper annular seal An acute angle groove is formed between the blocking film and the annular side wall, and the liquid between the two sealing films is blocked by the annular sealing film and the groove, so that the liquid is trapped between the two sealing films. Without flowing outside the tube assembly.
  • test tube assembly using the leakage preventing member of the invention can ensure the detection test strip insertion detection and the detector detection while effectively preventing leakage, and the liquid in the tube is not leaked during the process of injecting gas into the test tube liquid during the detection of the detector. .
  • the outer side of the lower part of the liquid taking part of the invention is closely matched with the inner side surface of the annular sealing film of the leakage preventing member, so that the lower part of the liquid taking part is connected with the test tube component, and is easier, more convenient, sanitary, firm and not easy to fall off.
  • the liquid take-off member of the present invention is matched with the inner side of the annular sealing film of the leakage preventing member of the test tube assembly, and the annular portion of the lower portion of the liquid take-up member directly opposite to the leakage preventing member is directly compared with the prior art liquid take-off member.
  • the diameter of the joint between the lower part of the liquid take-up piece and the leakage preventing part is reduced, and the diameter of the joint of the lower part of the liquid take-up part is reduced under the premise of ensuring the inner diameter of the opening of the test piece, and the material is reduced. Usage amount.
  • the lower joint of the liquid taking part has a larger diameter, so that the lower part of the liquid taking part is connected.
  • the wall around the channel (liquid and exhaust) is thick, uneven, and has a large amount of material. If the wall thickness of the lower part of the liquid take-up (the upper part of the channel) is the same, there is a problem of demoulding or low production efficiency in the production process.
  • the diameter of the lower joint portion of the liquid taking part is reduced, and the uniformity of the wall thickness of the joint at the lower part of the liquid taking part is improved under the premise that the diameter of the connecting portion of the lower part of the liquid taking part is constant, thereby greatly reducing the amount of material used. , shorten molding time, improve yield and improve production efficiency.
  • the anti-leakage sealing film covers the cross-sectional area of the channel is small and large, has the following advantages: because the lower sealing film is closest to the liquid surface in the test tube, when the excess liquid in the liquid take-up piece is drained or the test tube assembly ( During the process of tilting the test tube and the leakage preventing member, the lower sealing film is subjected to a large force of the liquid surface, and the cross-sectional area of the lower sealing film covering the passage is large to prevent the liquid leakage in the tube.
  • the upper sealing film covers the channel with a small cross-sectional area: the upper sealing film may be an annular sealing film; or the sheet sealing film may be provided, and a through hole may be arranged in the middle of the sheet sealing film.
  • the cross-sectional area of the upper sealing film covering passage is small, which facilitates the insertion of the test strip and the suction needle of the detector during the detection; facilitates the insertion of the lower part of the liquid taking part; and facilitates the connection of the lower part of the liquid taking part and the through hole.
  • the double-layer structure of the leakage preventer prevents the liquid leakage in the tube during the process of injecting gas into the test tube and mixing the liquid in the tube. To the outside of the test tube.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a test tube of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the liquid take-up member of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view - 1 of the leakage preventing member of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of a combined structure of the present invention
  • Figure 21 is a corresponding exploded perspective view.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view-2 of the leakage preventing member of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of a combined structure of the present invention-2.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view-3 of the leakage preventing member of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of a combined structure of the present invention-3.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view-4 of the leakage preventing member of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of a combined structure of the present invention-4.
  • 11 to 18 are respectively schematic views -5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 of the leakage preventing member of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the leakage preventing member and the test tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the liquid take-up member, the leakage preventing member and the test tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 leakage preventing member 10 annular side wall, 11 annular side wall inner side, 12 annular side wall outer side, 13 channels, 131 leakage preventing passage inner side wall,
  • the width of the 223-sheet plugging film, the thickness of the 224-sheet plugging film, and the upper surface of the 225-sheet plugging film are the width of the 223-sheet plugging film, the thickness of the 224-sheet plugging film, and the upper surface of the 225-sheet plugging film.
  • the width of the 233-sheet plugging film, the thickness of the 234-sheet plugging film, and the upper surface of the 235-sheet plugging film are the width of the 233-sheet plugging film, the thickness of the 234-sheet plugging film, and the upper surface of the 235-sheet plugging film.
  • test tubes 91 openings, 92 inner tubes, 93 ring grooves,
  • Embodiment 1 The present invention will be further described below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 and FIG. 21:
  • the structure of the leakage preventing member and the test tube and the liquid take-up member includes a leakage preventing member 1, a test tube 9 and a liquid take-up member 8.
  • the leakproof member is made of silica gel having a hardness of 50°. Different heights of the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 are provided with an annular sealing film 20 and an annular sealing film 21.
  • the annular plugging film 20 is located above the annular plugging film 21.
  • the annular plugging film 20 and the annular plugging film 21 have a pitch 18 of 4.8 mm on the annular side wall.
  • Both the annular plugging film 20 and the annular plugging film 21 are formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall 10.
  • the outer side surface 12 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 is provided with an annular projection 14, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a circular arc surface.
  • the annular projection 14 is formed by the annular side wall 10 extending outward.
  • the annular sealing film 20 and the inner side surface 11 form a groove 15 having a longitudinal opening downward, and the groove surface 151 of the groove 15 is a circular arc surface.
  • the angle between the annular plugging film 20 and the annular side wall 10 is 39°.
  • the annular side wall inner diameter R is 12 mm.
  • the width 203 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 was 2.6 mm.
  • the thickness 204 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 is 1.0 mm at the thickest point.
  • the thickness of the annular sealing film of the annular sealing film 20 far from the inner side surface 11 is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film close to the inner side surface 11.
  • the test tube 9 is provided with a ring groove 93 on the inner side wall 92 of the test piece 91.
  • the liquid take-up member 8 includes a liquid take-up upper portion 81 and a liquid take-up portion 82.
  • the liquid take-up portion 81 is used for liquid collection, and the liquid take-up portion 82 is mated with the leakage preventing member 1.
  • the leakage preventing member 1 is placed in the opening portion 91 of the test tube 9, the outer side surface 12 of the leakage preventing member 1 is closely fitted with the inner side wall of the test tube 9 of the test tube 9, and the annular projection 14 on the outer side surface 12 of the leakage preventing member 1 and the inner side of the test tube
  • the annular groove 93 on the wall 92 cooperates to fix the leakage preventing member 1 to prevent the leakage preventing member 1 from moving or falling off during the insertion or removal of the liquid taking member.
  • the lower portion 82 of the liquid take-up member is tightly fitted with the leakage preventing member 1, and the lower portion 82 of the liquid take-up member passes longitudinally through the annular sealing film 20 and the annular sealing film 21, and does not damage the annular sealing film 20 and the annular sealing film. twenty one.
  • the lower outer side surface 821 of the liquid take-off member and the inner side surface of the annular sealing film (201, 211) Close cooperation.
  • the annular sealing film 20 and the annular sealing film 21 can prevent the liquid leakage in the test tube 9.
  • the width of the annular plugging film 21 and the thickness of the annular plugging film 21 are the same as those of the annular plugging film 20.
  • the annular plugging film 20 covers 68% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular plugging film 21 covers 68% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the double-layer structure of the leakage preventing member 1 effectively blocks the test tube when the detector injects gas into the test tube 9 to mix the liquid in the test tube. 9 The liquid leaked out of the test tube 9.
  • Embodiment 2 The present invention will be further described below with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 5, and FIG.
  • the structure of the leakage preventing member and the test tube and the liquid take-up member includes a leakage preventing member 1, a test tube 9 and a liquid take-up member 8.
  • the sheet-like plugging film 22 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 are provided at different heights of the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1.
  • the sheet-like plugging film 22 is located above the sheet-like plugging film 23.
  • the distance between the sheet-like plugging film 22 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 on the annular side wall was 6.7 mm.
  • Both the sheet-like plugging film 22 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 are formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall 10.
  • the fixed end 222 of the sheet-like plugging film 22 is connected to the annular side wall inner side surface 11, and the sheet-shaped plugging film 22 is provided with four movable ends 221, and the movable end 221 is formed in a cross shape.
  • the fixed end 232 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 is connected to the annular side wall inner side surface 11, and the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 is provided with four movable ends 231, and the movable end 231 is formed in a cross shape.
  • the outer side surface 12 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 is provided with an annular projection 14, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a circular arc surface.
  • the annular projection 14 is formed by the annular side wall 10 extending outward.
  • the annular side wall inner diameter R is 12 mm.
  • the thickness of the annular sealing film which is far from the annular side wall inner side surface 11 of the sheet-like sealing film 22 and the sheet-like sealing film 23 is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film which is close to the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall.
  • the thickness 224 of the sheet-like plugging film of the sheet-like plugging film 22 gradually decreases from the fixed end 222 toward the movable end 221 .
  • the thickness 224 of the sheet-like plugging film has a thickness of 1.5 mm at the thickest portion and a width 223 of the sheet-shaped plugging film of 6 mm.
  • the upper surfaces 225 of the sheet-like plugging films of the four movable ends 221 of the sheet-like plugging film 22 collectively form an opening-up recess.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film of the sheet-like plugging film 23 gradually decreases from the fixed end 232 toward the movable end 231.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film has a thickness of 1.5 mm at the thickest portion and a width 233 of the sheet-shaped plugging film of 6 mm.
  • the upper surfaces 235 of the sheet-like plugging films of the four movable ends 231 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 collectively form a recess in the opening direction.
  • the test tube 9 is provided with a ring groove 93 on the inner side wall 92 of the test piece 91.
  • the liquid take-up member 8 includes a liquid take-up upper portion 81 and a liquid take-up portion 82.
  • the liquid take-up portion 81 is used for liquid collection, and the liquid take-up portion 82 is mated with the leakage preventing member 1.
  • the leakage preventing member 1 is placed in the opening portion 91 of the test tube 9, and the annular side wall outer side surface 12 of the leakage preventing member 1 is closely fitted with the inner side wall of the test tube 9 of the test tube 9, and the annular side wall outer side surface 12 of the leakage preventing member 1 is placed.
  • the annular projection 14 cooperates with the annular groove 93 on the inner side wall 92 of the test tube. It is used to fix the leakage preventing member 1 to prevent the leakage preventing member 1 from moving or falling off during the insertion or extraction of the liquid taking member.
  • the lower portion 82 of the liquid take-up member is tightly fitted with the leakage preventing member 1, and the lower portion 82 of the liquid take-up member passes longitudinally through the sheet-like sealing film 22 and the sheet-like sealing film 23, and does not damage the sheet-like sealing film 22 and the sheet-like sealing film. twenty three.
  • the lower outer side surface 821 of the liquid take-up member is in close contact with the upper surface 225 of the sheet-like plugging film of the sheet-like plugging film 22 and the upper surface 235 of the sheet-shaped plugging film of the sheet-shaped plugging film 23.
  • the sheet-like plugging film 22 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 are reset. After the reset, the sheet-like plugging film 22 covers 100% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular plugging film 23 covers 100% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10. The sheet-like plugging film 22 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 prevent the liquid in the test tube 9 from leaking out.
  • the double-layer structure of the leakage preventing member 1 effectively blocks the test tube when the detector injects gas into the test tube 9 to mix the liquid in the test tube. 9 The liquid leaked out of the test tube 9.
  • Embodiment 3 The present invention will be further described below with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 7, and FIG.
  • the structure of the leakage preventing member and the test tube and the liquid take-up member includes a leakage preventing member 1, a test tube 9 and a liquid take-up member 8.
  • annular sealing film 20 Different heights of the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 are provided with an annular sealing film 20 and a sheet-like sealing film 23.
  • the annular plugging film 20 is located above the sheet-shaped plugging film 23.
  • the distance between the annular plugging film 20 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 on the annular side wall was 7.2 mm.
  • Both the annular plugging film 20 and the annular plugging film 21 are formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall 10.
  • the outer side surface 12 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 is provided with an annular projection 14, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a circular arc surface.
  • the annular projection 14 is formed by the annular side wall 10 extending outward.
  • the cross section of the annular projection 14 as shown in Fig. 16 may also be a triangle, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a sloped surface.
  • the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall inner side surface 11 form a longitudinally downwardly downward groove 15, and the groove surface 151 of the groove 15 is a curved surface.
  • the angle between the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall 10 is 59°.
  • the annular side wall inner diameter R is 12 mm.
  • the width 203 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 was 3.2 mm.
  • the thickness 204 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 is the thickest portion of 1.3 mm.
  • the thickness of the annular sealing film of the annular sealing film 20 far from the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film close to the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall.
  • the fixed end 232 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 is connected to the annular side wall inner side surface 11, and the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 is provided with four movable ends 231, and the movable end 231 is formed in a cross shape.
  • the upper surfaces 235 of the sheet-like plugging films of the four movable ends 231 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 collectively form a recess in the opening direction.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film of the sheet-like plugging film 23 gradually decreases from the fixed end 232 toward the movable end 231.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film has a thickness of 1.5 mm at the thickest portion and a width 233 of the sheet-shaped plugging film of 6 mm.
  • the test tube 9 is provided with a ring groove 93 on the inner side wall 92 of the test piece 91.
  • the liquid take-up member 8 includes a liquid take-up upper portion 81 and a liquid take-up portion 82, and the liquid take-up portion 81 is used for liquid collection, and the liquid take-up portion 82 It is coupled with the leakage preventing member 1.
  • the leakage preventing member 1 is placed in the opening portion 91 of the test tube 9, and the annular side wall outer side surface 12 of the leakage preventing member 1 is closely fitted with the inner side wall of the test tube 9 of the test tube 9, and the annular side wall outer side surface 12 of the leakage preventing member 1 is placed.
  • the annular projection 14 cooperates with the annular groove 93 on the inner side wall 92 of the test tube for fixing the leakage preventing member 1 to prevent the leakage preventing member 1 from moving or falling off during the insertion or extraction of the liquid take-up member.
  • the lower portion 82 of the liquid take-up member is closely matched with the leakage preventing member 1, and the lower portion 82 of the liquid take-up member passes longitudinally through the annular sealing film 20 and the sheet-like sealing film 23, and does not damage the annular sealing film 20 and the sheet-like sealing film. twenty three.
  • the lower outer side surface 821 of the liquid take-up member closely matches the inner side surface 201 of the annular plugging film and the upper surface 235 of the sheet-shaped plugging film.
  • the annular plugging film 20 and the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 are reset.
  • the annular plugging film 20 covers 78% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular plugging film 23 covers 100% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular plugging film 20 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 prevent liquid leakage in the test tube 9.
  • the double-layer structure of the leakage preventing member 1 effectively blocks the test tube when the detector injects gas into the test tube 9 to mix the liquid in the test tube. 9 The liquid leaked out of the test tube 9.
  • Embodiment 4 The present invention will be further described below with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 9, and FIG.
  • the structure of the leakage preventing member and the test tube and the liquid take-up member includes a leakage preventing member 1, a test tube 9 and a liquid take-up member 8.
  • Different heights of the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 are provided with an annular sealing film 20 and a sheet-like sealing film 23.
  • the annular plugging film 20 is located above the sheet-shaped plugging film 23.
  • the distance between the annular plugging film 20 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 on the annular side wall is 6.5 mm.
  • Both the annular plugging film 20 and the annular plugging film 21 are formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall 10.
  • a passage 13 is also provided above the annular plugging film 20.
  • the outer side surface 12 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 is provided with an annular projection 14, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a circular arc surface.
  • the annular projection 14 is formed by the annular side wall 10 extending outward.
  • the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall inner side surface 11 form a longitudinally downwardly downward groove 15, and the groove surface 151 of the groove 15 is a curved surface.
  • the angle between the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall 10 is 66°.
  • the annular side wall inner diameter R is 12 mm.
  • the width 203 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 was 2.6 mm.
  • the thickness 204 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 is 0.98 mm at the thickest point.
  • the thickness of the annular sealing film of the annular sealing film 20 far from the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film close to the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall.
  • the fixed end 232 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 is connected to the annular side wall inner side surface 11, and the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 is provided with four movable ends 231, and the sheet-like seals of the four movable ends 231 of the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 are provided.
  • the upper surface 235 of the plugging film collectively forms an opening upwardly recessed, and a hole 237 is formed in the center of the recess.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film of the sheet-like plugging film 23 gradually decreases from the fixed end 232 toward the movable end 231.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film has a thickness of 1.0 mm at the thickest portion and a width 233 of the sheet-shaped plugging film of 3.5 mm.
  • the test tube 9 is provided with a ring groove 93 on the inner side wall 92 of the test piece 91.
  • the liquid take-up member 8 includes a liquid take-up upper portion 81 and a liquid take-up portion 82.
  • the liquid take-up portion 81 is used for liquid collection, and the liquid take-up portion 82 is mated with the leakage preventing member 1.
  • the leakage preventing member 1 is placed in the opening portion 91 of the test tube 9, and the annular side wall outer side surface 12 of the leakage preventing member 1 is closely fitted with the inner side wall of the test tube 9 of the test tube 9, and the annular side wall outer side surface 12 of the leakage preventing member 1 is placed.
  • the annular projection 14 cooperates with the annular groove 93 on the inner side wall 92 of the test tube for fixing the leakage preventing member 1 to prevent the leakage preventing member 1 from moving or falling off during the insertion or extraction of the liquid take-up member.
  • the lower portion 82 of the liquid take-up member is tightly fitted with the leakage preventing member 1, and the lower outer side surface 821 of the liquid take-up member is closely matched with the inner side wall 131 of the leakage preventing passage of the passage 13 of the leakage preventing member 1, and the lower portion 82 of the liquid take-up member passes longitudinally without contacting the ring.
  • the film 20 is sealed with the sheet-like plugging film 23, and the ring-shaped plugging film 20 and the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 are not broken.
  • the annular plugging film 20 covers 68% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular plugging film 23 covers 83% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10. The annular plugging film 20 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 prevent liquid leakage in the test tube 9.
  • the double-layer structure of the leakage preventing member 1 effectively blocks the test tube when the detector injects gas into the test tube 9 to mix the liquid in the test tube. 9 The liquid leaked out of the test tube 9.
  • Embodiment 5 The present invention will be further described below with reference to FIG. 3:
  • Different heights of the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 are provided with an annular sealing film 20 and an annular sealing film 21.
  • the annular plugging film 20 is located above the annular plugging film 21.
  • the distance between the annular sealing film 20 and the annular sealing film 21 on the annular side wall is 8.3 mm.
  • Both the annular plugging film 20 and the annular plugging film 21 are formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall inner side surface 11 form a longitudinally downwardly downward groove 15, and the groove surface 151 of the groove 15 is a circular arc surface.
  • the angle between the annular plugging film 20 and the annular side wall 10 is 39°.
  • the annular side wall inner diameter R is 12 mm.
  • the width 203 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 was 3.0 mm.
  • the thickness 204 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 is the thickest portion of 1.3 mm.
  • the width and the thickness of the annular plugging film 21 are the same as those of the annular plugging film 20.
  • the thickness of the annular sealing film of the annular sealing film 20 far from the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film close to the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall.
  • the annular plugging film 20 covers 75% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular plugging film 21 covers 75% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the outer side surface 12 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 is provided with an anti-drop structure:
  • the fall prevention structure is an annular projection 14, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a circular arc surface.
  • Annular convex The flange 14 is formed by extending outwardly from the annular side wall 10.
  • the anti-shedding structure 16 may also be formed by extending outwardly from the annular side wall outer side 12 and extending downward.
  • the double-layer structure of the leakage preventing member 1 effectively blocks the test tube when the detector injects gas into the test tube 9 to mix the liquid in the test tube. 9 The liquid leaked out of the test tube 9.
  • Embodiment 6 The present invention will be further described below with reference to FIG. 5:
  • the sheet-like plugging film 22 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 are provided at different heights of the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1.
  • the sheet-like plugging film 22 is located above the sheet-like plugging film 23.
  • the distance between the sheet-like plugging film 22 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 on the annular side wall is 12.5 mm.
  • Both the sheet-like plugging film 22 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 are formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall 10.
  • the fixed end 222 of the sheet-like plugging film 22 is connected to the annular side wall inner side surface 11, and the sheet-shaped plugging film 22 is provided with four movable ends 221, and the movable end 221 is formed in a cross shape.
  • the fixed end 232 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 is connected to the annular side wall inner side surface 11, and the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 is provided with four movable ends 231, and the movable end 231 is formed in a cross shape.
  • the annular side wall inner diameter R is 12 mm.
  • the thickness of the annular sealing film which is far from the annular side wall inner side surface 11 of the sheet-like sealing film 22 and the sheet-like sealing film 23 is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film which is close to the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall.
  • the thickness 224 of the sheet-like plugging film of the sheet-like plugging film 22 gradually decreases from the fixed end 222 toward the movable end 221 .
  • the thickness 224 of the sheet-like plugging film has a thickness of 1.5 mm at the thickest portion and a width 223 of the sheet-shaped plugging film of 6 mm.
  • the upper surfaces 225 of the sheet-like plugging films of the four movable ends 221 of the sheet-like plugging film 22 collectively form an opening-up recess.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film of the sheet-like plugging film 23 gradually decreases from the fixed end 232 toward the movable end 231.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film has a thickness of 1.5 mm at the thickest portion and a width 233 of the sheet-shaped plugging film of 6 mm.
  • the upper surfaces 235 of the sheet-like plugging films of the four movable ends 231 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 collectively form a recess in the opening direction.
  • the sheet-like plugging film 22 covers 100% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular plugging film 23 covers 100% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the outer side surface 12 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 is provided with an anti-drop structure.
  • the fall-preventing structure is an annular projection 14, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a circular arc surface.
  • the annular projection 14 is formed by the annular side wall 10 extending outward.
  • the fall-preventing structure 16 may also be formed by extending outwardly from the annular side wall outer side 12 and extending downward.
  • the double-layer structure of the leakage preventing member 1 effectively blocks the test tube when the detector injects gas into the test tube 9 to mix the liquid in the test tube. 9 The liquid leaked out of the test tube 9.
  • Embodiment 7 The present invention will be further described below with reference to FIG. 7:
  • Different heights of the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 are provided with an annular sealing film 20 and a sheet-like sealing film 23.
  • the annular plugging film 20 is located above the sheet-shaped plugging film 23.
  • the distance between the annular plugging film 20 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 on the annular side wall is 9.5 mm.
  • Both the annular plugging film 20 and the annular plugging film 21 are formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall inner side surface 11 form a longitudinally downwardly downward groove 15, and the groove surface 151 of the groove 15 is a curved surface.
  • the angle between the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall 10 is 59°.
  • the inner diameter R of the annular side wall is 12 mm, that is, the inner diameter of the passage is 12 mm.
  • the width 203 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 was 3.2 mm.
  • the thickness 204 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 is 1.6 mm thickest.
  • the thickness of the annular sealing film of the annular sealing film 20 far from the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film close to the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall.
  • the fixed end 232 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 is connected to the annular side wall inner side surface 11, and the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 is provided with four movable ends 231, and the movable end 231 is formed in a cross shape.
  • the upper surfaces 235 of the sheet-like plugging films of the four movable ends 231 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 collectively form a recess in the opening direction.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film of the sheet-like plugging film 23 gradually decreases from the fixed end 232 toward the movable end 231.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film has a thickness of 1.5 mm at the thickest portion and a width 233 of the sheet-shaped plugging film of 6 mm.
  • the annular plugging film 20 covers 78% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular plugging film 23 covers 100% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the outer side surface 12 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 is provided with an anti-drop structure.
  • the anti-drop structure is an annular projection 14, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a circular arc surface.
  • the annular projection 14 is formed by the annular side wall 10 extending outward. Further, as shown in Fig. 15, the annular side wall upper end surface 17 is on the same plane as the annular plugging film highest point 205.
  • the cross section of the annular projection 14 as shown in Fig. 16 may also be a triangle, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a sloped surface.
  • the anti-shedding structure 16 may also be formed by extending outwardly from the annular side wall outer side 12 and extending downward.
  • the double-layer structure of the leakage preventing member 1 effectively blocks the test tube when the detector injects gas into the test tube 9 to mix the liquid in the test tube. 9 The liquid leaked out of the test tube 9.
  • Embodiment 8 The present invention will be further described below with reference to FIG.
  • Different heights of the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 are provided with an annular sealing film 20 and a sheet-like sealing film 23.
  • the annular plugging film 20 is located above the sheet-shaped plugging film 23.
  • the distance between the annular plugging film 20 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 on the annular side wall is 13 mm.
  • Both the annular plugging film 20 and the annular plugging film 21 are formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall 10.
  • a passage 13 is also provided above the annular plugging film 20.
  • the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall inner side surface 11 form a longitudinally downwardly downward groove 15, and the groove surface 151 of the groove 15 is a curved surface.
  • the angle between the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall 10 is 66°.
  • the annular side wall inner diameter R is 12 mm.
  • the width 203 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 was 2.6 mm.
  • the thickness 204 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 is 0.98 mm at the thickest point.
  • the thickness of the annular sealing film of the annular sealing film 20 far from the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film close to the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall.
  • the fixed end 232 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 is connected to the annular side wall inner side surface 11, and the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 is provided with four movable ends 231, and the sheet-like seals of the four movable ends 231 of the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 are provided.
  • the upper surface 235 of the plugging film collectively forms an opening upwardly recessed, and a hole 237 is formed in the center of the recess.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film of the sheet-like plugging film 23 gradually decreases from the fixed end 232 toward the movable end 231.
  • the thickness 234 of the sheet-like plugging film has a thickness of 1.0 mm at the thickest portion and a width 233 of the sheet-shaped plugging film of 3.5 mm.
  • the annular plugging film 20 covers 68% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular plugging film 23 covers 91.5% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the double-layer structure of the leakage preventing member 1 effectively blocks the test tube when the detector injects gas into the test tube 9 to mix the liquid in the test tube. 9 The liquid leaked out of the test tube 9.
  • the outer side surface 12 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 is provided with an anti-drop structure.
  • the anti-drop structure is an annular projection 14, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a circular arc surface.
  • the annular projection 14 is formed by the annular side wall 10 extending outward.
  • the cross section of the annular projection 14 as shown in Fig. 16 may also be a triangle, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a sloped surface.
  • the anti-shedding structure 16 may also be formed by extending outwardly from the annular side wall outer side 12 and extending downward.
  • Embodiment 9 The present invention will be further described below with reference to FIG.
  • Different heights of the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 are provided with an annular sealing film 20 and a sheet-like sealing film 23.
  • the annular plugging film 20 is located above the sheet-shaped plugging film 23.
  • the distance between the annular plugging film 20 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 on the annular side wall is 9.5 mm.
  • Both the annular plugging film 20 and the annular plugging film 21 are formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall inner side surface 11 form a longitudinally downwardly downward groove 15, and the groove surface 151 of the groove 15 is a curved surface.
  • the angle between the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall 10 is 59°.
  • the inner diameter R of the annular side wall is 12 mm, that is, the inner diameter of the passage is 12 mm.
  • the width 203 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 was 3.2 mm.
  • the thickness 204 of the annular plugging film of the annular plugging film 20 is 1.6 mm thickest.
  • the thickness of the annular sealing film of the annular sealing film 20 far from the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall is smaller than the thickness of the annular sealing film close to the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall.
  • the fixed end 232 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 is connected to the annular side wall inner side surface 11, and the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 is provided with four movable ends 231, and the movable end 231 is formed in a cross shape.
  • the upper surfaces 235 of the sheet-like plugging films of the four movable ends 231 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 collectively form a recess in the opening direction.
  • a dividing line 3 is provided between adjacent interactive ends 231, and the length 31 of the dividing line is 3 mm. Thickness of sheet-like plugging film
  • the degree 234 has a thickness of 1.5 mm, and the width 233 of the sheet-shaped plugging film is 6 mm.
  • the annular plugging film 20 covers 78% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular plugging film 23 covers 100% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the outer side surface 12 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 is provided with an anti-drop structure.
  • the anti-drop structure is an annular projection 14, and the outer side surface 141 of the annular projection of the annular projection 14 is a circular arc surface.
  • the annular projection 14 is formed by the annular side wall 10 extending outward.
  • the double-layer structure of the leakage preventing member 1 effectively blocks the test tube when the detector injects gas into the test tube 9 to mix the liquid in the test tube. 9 The liquid leaked out of the test tube 9.
  • Embodiment 10 The present invention will be further described below with reference to Figs. 18, 19 and 20:
  • Different heights of the inner side surface 11 of the annular side wall 10 of the leakage preventing member 1 are provided with an annular sealing film 20 and a sheet-like sealing film 23.
  • the annular plugging film 20 is located above the sheet-shaped plugging film 23.
  • the distance between the annular plugging film 20 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 on the annular side wall is 10 mm.
  • Both the annular plugging film 20 and the annular plugging film 21 are formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall 10.
  • the leakproof parts are integrally formed.
  • the annular plugging film 20 forms a longitudinally downwardly downward groove 15 with the annular side wall inner side surface 11.
  • the angle between the annular sealing film 20 and the annular side wall 10 is 74°.
  • the inner diameter R of the annular side wall is 12 mm, that is, the inner diameter of the passage is 12 mm.
  • the fixed end 232 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 is connected to the annular side wall inner side surface 11, and the sheet-shaped plugging film 23 is provided with one movable end 231.
  • the annular plugging film 20 covers 78% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the annular plugging film 23 covers 100% of the cross-sectional area of the passage of the passage formed by the annular side wall 10.
  • the gap width 4 between the side surface of the movable end 231 of the sheet-like plugging film 23 and the annular side wall inner side surface 11 is 1 mm.
  • the liquid take-up member 8 does not break the original structure of the annular plugging film 20 and the sheet-like plugging film 23 when it penetrates the plugging film in the longitudinal direction.
  • the double-layer structure of the leakage preventing member 1 is effectively injected into the test tube 9 to mix the liquid in the test tube.
  • the liquid in the test tube 9 is prevented from leaking out of the test tube 9.
  • the matching structure of the leakage preventing member of the invention (A) and the test tube and the liquid taking member is:
  • the anti-leakage member has a matching structure with the test tube and the liquid take-up member, and the leakage preventing member comprises an annular side wall and a sealing film, and the sealing film is formed to extend inward from the annular side wall.
  • the liquid taking part comprises an upper part and a lower part, and an upper part of the liquid taking part is used for liquid collection, and a lower part of the liquid taking part is coupled with the leakage preventing piece.
  • the leakage preventing member is coupled with the opening of the test tube; the leakage preventing member is provided with two upper and lower sealing films, and the annular sealing film is located above the sheet sealing film.
  • the lower part of the liquid take-up piece is closely matched with the inner side wall of the annular sealing film of the leakage preventing part, the width of the annular sealing film is 4.2 mm, the thickness of the thickest part of the annular sealing film is 1.5 mm, and the inner diameter of the annular side wall is 12 Mm; the angle between the annular sealing film and the annular side wall is 39°, the thickness of the sheet-shaped sealing film is 1.5mm at the thickest part, and the cross-sectional area of the channel formed by the sealing film covering the annular side wall is 100%.
  • the sheet-like plugging film is provided with a movable end and a fixed end, and the movable end and the fixed end are integrated, and the fixed end is connected to the annular side wall, and the movable end is deflectable relative to the fixed end.
  • the sheet-like plugging membrane has four movable ends.
  • the matching structure of the leakage preventing member of the invention (B) and the test tube and the liquid taking member is:
  • the anti-leakage member has a matching structure with the test tube and the liquid take-up member, and the leakage preventing member comprises an annular side wall and a sealing film, and the sealing film is formed to extend inward from the annular side wall.
  • the liquid taking part comprises an upper part and a lower part, and an upper part of the liquid taking part is used for liquid collection, and a lower part of the liquid taking part is coupled with the leakage preventing piece.
  • the leakage preventing member is coupled with the opening of the test tube; the leakage preventing member is provided with two upper and lower sealing films, and the annular sealing film is located above the sheet sealing film.
  • the lower part of the liquid take-up piece is closely matched with the inner side wall of the annular sealing film of the leakage preventing part, the width of the annular sealing film is 4.2 mm, the thickness of the thickest part of the annular sealing film is 1.5 mm, and the inner diameter of the annular side wall is 12 Mm; the angle between the annular sealing film and the annular side wall is 39°, the thickness of the sheet-shaped sealing film is 1.5mm at the thickest part, and the cross-sectional area of the channel formed by the sealing film covering the annular side wall is 100%.
  • the sheet-like plugging film is provided with a movable end and a fixed end, and the movable end and the fixed end are integrated, and the fixed end is connected to the annular side wall, and the movable end is deflectable relative to the fixed end.
  • the sheet-shaped plugging film has one movable end.
  • a fitting structure of a leakage preventing member and a test tube and a liquid take-up member comprising an annular side wall and a sealing film, wherein the sealing film is formed to extend inwardly from the annular side wall, and the liquid taking part comprises an upper part And a lower part, the upper part of the liquid taking part is used for liquid collection, and the lower part of the liquid taking part is matched with the leakage preventing part; the leakage preventing part is matched with the opening part of the test tube; the leakage preventing part is made of silica gel with a hardness of 50°; .
  • a strip-shaped plugging film is disposed at a lower portion of the leakage preventing member, and the sheet-shaped plugging film is provided with a movable end and a fixed end, wherein the movable end and the fixed end are integrated, and the fixed end is connected to the ring shape a side wall, the movable end being deflectable relative to the fixed end.
  • the sheet-like plugging membrane has four movable ends.
  • the outer side wall of the lower part of the liquid take-up member is closely matched with the inner side wall of the upper annular side wall of the leakage preventing member, and the inner diameter of the annular side wall is 12 mm; the thickness of the thickest part of the sealing film is 1.5 mm.
  • the sealing film covers 100% of the cross-sectional area of the channel formed by the annular side wall enclosing.
  • test tube drop test Second, the test tube drop test:
  • test tube with different leak-proof parts is freely dropped to the liquid tray below it when the test tube is horizontal, and the amount of liquid leaking from the test tube in the lower tray after the test tube falls is measured.
  • Metering was carried out using 0.1-1 ml and 0.5-5 ml liquid meters.
  • the invention (A) cooperates with the test tube
  • the invention (B) cooperates with the test tube LZQ-01 (prior art) with tube Total leakage of liquid in the tray 0.43 ml Total leakage of liquid in the tray is 0.21 ml Total leakage of liquid in the tray 3.1 ml
  • the test tube using the leakage preventing member of the present invention has a significant increase in the amount of external leakage under the same conditions as compared with the prior art by more than 98%. .
  • Liquid tube is separately applied to the test tube assembly using the (A) leakage preventing member of the present invention, the test tube assembly of the present invention (B) leakage preventing member, and the test tube assembly using the prior art (LZQ-01) leakage preventing member by a liquid meter.
  • the test tube assembly of the (A) leak-proof member of the present invention is filled with liquid between the double-layer plugging films in the annular side wall.
  • the test tube assembly liquid using the prior art (LZQ-01) leak-proof member is filled over the plugging film. After each test sample was injected with 0.15 ml of liquid, the test tube assembly was tilted at 85° for 120 seconds.
  • the invention (A) cooperates with the test tube
  • the invention (B) cooperates with the test tube LZQ-01 (prior art) with tube 100% no leakage 100% no leakage 100% leakage 100% leakage
  • the leakage preventing member is disposed at the opening of the test tube, and the lower portion of the liquid take-up member is engaged with the leakage preventing member of the test tube assembly.
  • the outer diameter of the lower portion of the liquid take-up member is larger than the innermost portion of the annular sealing film (using the leakage preventing member of the present invention) / the inner diameter of the annular side wall (using the leakage preventing member of the prior art), and the inner diameter of the annular side wall is
  • the 0.02mm unit is used for the interference fit between the liquid take-up piece and the test tube assembly. After the test, the test tube is vertical, and the tension of 1.2N is applied to the lower part of the test tube to see if the joint between the liquid take-off part and the leak-proof part falls off.
  • the minimum effective fit difference between the lower part and the leakage prevention part is A; on the basis of the A value, the outer diameter of the lower part of the liquid take-off part and the leakage preventing part is increased in units of 0.02 mm until the lower part of the liquid part is prevented
  • the required thrust force of the missing parts is 5N.
  • the outer diameter of the lower part of the liquid take-off part is B
  • the value between AB is: the smallest diameter inside the annular plugging film / the inner diameter of the annular side wall and the diameter The effective tolerance interval when the lower part of the liquid part is fitted.
  • the tolerance range of the prior art liquid-receiving member and the leakage-proof member is smaller than the tolerance range of the liquid-receiving member and the leakage-proof member of the present invention.
  • the allowable tolerance range of the present invention is 300% of the prior art, and the production requirement is higher. Low, high yield, high productivity, and greatly improved efficiency.
  • the tolerance is in the same range, and in the matching structure of the invention, the annular sealing film of the lower part of the liquid taking part and the leakage preventing part
  • the sheet-like plugging film is closely matched; in the prior art, the lower part of the liquid taking part is matched with the sealing film and the channel wall above the plugging film.
  • the first step is to measure the mean value A of the smallest diameter inside the annular sealing film of the 100 leakage preventing parts; the second step is to prepare the liquid taking piece for the outer diameter of the annular sealing film to be larger than A0.15 mm.
  • the required thrust value, the same process different leakproof parts test 100 times to take the average value; using the same method above to measure the technology and the present invention, the lower part of the liquid take-up part and the leakage prevention parts required thrust.
  • the thrust required for the smooth fitting of the liquid take-off member and the leakage preventing member is greater than the thrust required for the smooth cooperation of the leakage preventing member and the liquid-removing member of the present invention.
  • the thrust required by the present invention is only 48% of the prior art thrust, which is easy and convenient.
  • the test method is as follows: under the premise that the inner diameter of the test tube opening is constant, the outer diameter of the lower portion of the liquid take-up member matched with the leakage preventing member of the present invention is different from the outer diameter of the lower portion of the liquid take-up member matched with the prior art leakage preventing member.
  • the lower portion of the liquid take-up member which is matched with the leakage preventing member of the present invention and the leakage preventing member of the prior art is separated from the liquid take-up member, respectively, to ensure the lower portion of the separated liquid take-up member. Weighing separately, the difference between the lower weight of the liquid take-off member of the present invention and the lower weight of the prior art liquid take-off member is to reduce the amount of material used.
  • the preferred process is carried out on the injection molding machine of the same type (pre-commissioning the machine to a reasonable production process) production, production The hourly output and the pass rate per thousand products are measured in 5 hours.
  • the leakage preventing member and the opening of the test tube are sealingly matched, and the annular protrusion on the outer side of the leakage preventing member and the groove on the inner side wall of the test tube are matched and fixed, and the leakage preventing member is provided with a double sealing film, and the sheet sealing film is located on the annular sealing film.
  • the upper surface of the annular sealing film is an inverted truncated conical surface, and the annular sealing The blocking film forms an upward angle of 43° with the annular side wall, the thickness of the sealing film is 0.9mm at the thickest part, the sealing material is silica gel, the hardness is 50°, the inner diameter of the annular side wall is 12mm, and the annular film
  • the minimum diameter of the inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower part of the liquid take-up part by 0.19-0.22 mm, and the lower part of the liquid take-off part penetrates the annular sealing film and the sheet-shaped plugging film.
  • the leakage preventing member and the opening portion of the test tube are sealingly matched, and the annular protrusion on the outer side of the leakage preventing member and the groove on the inner side wall of the test tube are matched and fixed, and the leakage preventing member is provided with two sealing films, and the sheet sealing film is located on the annular sealing film.
  • the upper surface of the annular sealing film is an inverted truncated conical sealing film
  • the thickness of the thickest part is closest to the annular side wall, and the smallest diameter of the inner side of the annular film is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower part of the liquid take-up part by 0.19mm, and the lower part of the liquid take-up part penetrates the two sealing films.
  • the annular sealing film is deformed upwards, and after the pulling out, the deformed sealing film can be recovered by itself, and the sealing film of each width is repeated 50 times.
  • the leakage preventing member and the opening portion of the test tube are sealingly matched, and the annular protrusion on the outer side of the leakage preventing member and the groove on the inner side wall of the test tube are matched and fixed, and the upper surface of the annular sealing film is an inverted truncated conical surface, and the sealing film covers the
  • the area of the channel formed by the annular side wall enclosing is 30%-60% of the cross-sectional area of the channel.
  • the leakage preventing member of the invention (double-layer sealing film) is placed in the opening portion of the test tube, and the annular sealing film of the leakage preventing member is located above the sheet-shaped sealing film, and the test tube assembly 100 is assembled to ensure that the leakage preventing member cooperates with the test tube.
  • the annular sealing film covers the leak-proof part to the tube assembly with different proportion of the channel area from the height of 50CM, and the horizontal position of the test tube is free to fall to the lower tray, and 100 test tubes fall, 100 test tubes are detected. How many tubes of liquid inside will flow out of the leak-proof parts.
  • Cost calculation instructions Calculate the costs incurred in the entire manufacturing and assembly process based on the preparation and assembly of 10,000 integrated leak-proof parts and split-formed leak-proof parts.
  • Leakproof performance test description 200 separate molded leak-proof parts and corresponding test tubes, 200 separate molded leak-proof parts (integral) and corresponding test tubes were prepared, and the leak-proof parts were placed in the 8 ml test tube opening to the test tube. After injecting 7 ml of liquid (water), it was erected vertically in the liquid-discharging tray (the opening of the test tube was facing downward) for 12 hours, and the liquid in the test tube was leaked.
  • the leak-proof performance of one-piece anti-leakage parts is obviously better than that of the split-proof leakage-proof parts.
  • the one-piece leakage prevention can reach 100% liquid without leakage, and there are 6 leaks compared with the split type leakage prevention parts, which has made significant progress.

Abstract

一种医疗器械，尤其涉及用于采集体液用的防漏件(1)与试管(9)及取液件(8)的配合结构。防漏件(1)包括环状侧壁(10)和封堵膜(20,21,22,23)，封堵膜(20,21,22,23)由环状侧壁(10)向内延伸形成，取液件上部(81)用于液体采集，取液件下部(82)与防漏件(1)配合连接；防漏件(1)与试管(9)的开口部配合连接；其特征在于，防漏件(1)为一体的，防漏件(1)至少两处设有封堵膜(20,21,22,23)，两处的封堵膜(20,21,22,23)位于环状侧壁内侧面(11)的不同高度；取液件下部(82)纵向贯穿封堵膜(20,21,22,23)并与防漏件(1)紧密配合且不破坏封堵膜(20,21,22,23)原有结构；当取液件(8)和防漏件(1)分离后，封堵膜(20,21,22,23)可阻止试管(9)内液体及封堵膜(20,21,22,23)之间液体的外漏。该结构具有牢固不易脱落，材料用量少，倾覆或震动，试管(9)内液体不易外漏的优点。

Description

防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构及防漏件 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械，尤其涉及采集体液用的装置以及用于试管开口端的连接和封堵的部件。
背景技术
现有技术中，取液件与试管的配合结构为取液件的下部与试管插接配合，但这种插接配合存在如下缺陷：
其一，试管加注液体时，灌注设备与试管为硬连接，二者的连接配合的密封性和稳定性不够，液体易泄露且灌注设备容易掉落。为此，在灌注过程中，需要二人配合，造成操作上的繁琐和不便。
其二，一旦试管塞封堵住试管的开口端后，如需对试管内的物体或液体检测，需要将试管塞取出后才能实施，因此操作步骤繁多。
其三，试管加注液体结束后，将取液件从试管开口部移开时，取液件底端容易将试管中的液体带出，容易污染试管外部。
其四，当取液件与试管分离后，试管中存储满液体时，试管倾覆或试管受到震动，试管中的液体容易外流，造成污染。
其五，当试条或检测吸管插入试管时，容易导致试管中的液体溢出，造成污染。
其六，现有技术的取液件是与试管塞(防漏件)的环状侧壁配合，配合时配合推力大，且牢固度欠佳。
其七，现有技术的试管组件(其中防漏件设置于试管的开口部)倾斜一定角度，试管塞(防漏件)通道内液体就会外漏，在检测仪检测时注入气体混匀试管内液体的过程中管内液体容易外漏造成污染。
因而如何提供一种防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构，其能在加注液体的同时能对试管的开口部进行封堵，且可降低污染，即使存储满液体后试管发生倾覆或受到较大震动，均可有效地防止试管中液体流出；有效的防止撒漏在防漏件里面的液体容易外漏，有效的防止在检测仪检测时注入气体混匀试管内液体的过程中管内液体外漏，有效的保证取液件和防漏件配合固定时牢固度，且可无需取下防漏件即可对试管中液体进行试条检测和检测仪检测检测，成为业界亟待解决的技术难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种便捷、卫生、牢固不易脱落，减少了材料的使用量，装满液体后试管后，试管倾覆或发生震动，试管中和防漏件封堵膜之间液体不易外漏的防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构。
本发明的发明目的是这样实现的：
一种防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构，包括取液件、试管和防漏件。防漏件包括环状侧壁(即筒状侧壁)和封堵膜。所述防漏件为一体的。所述防漏件至少两处设有封堵膜，两处封堵膜位于环状侧壁内侧面的不同高度，所述封堵膜由所述环状侧壁向内延伸形成。所述防漏件与试管的开口部配合连接。取液件包括上部和下部，取液件上部用于液体采集。取液件下部与所述防漏件配合连接，如插拔连接、螺纹连接等等，但不限于此。所述取液件下部纵向穿插所述封堵膜并与所述防漏件紧密配合且不破坏所述封堵膜的原有结构；取液件出液口的最低处、取液件排气口的最低处或取液件下部环状或类似环状侧壁最底端三者中最低的不高于最下方封堵膜的最低处；当所述取液件和防漏件分离后，所述封堵膜可阻止所述试管内液体及封堵膜之间液体的外漏。当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管中注入气体，在使试管内液体混匀过程中，试管中的液体沿防漏件的环状侧壁向上爬行，而上行至封堵膜处时，由于封堵膜与环状侧壁内侧面形成锐角或直角，封堵膜有效地降低了液体的上行的动能，结合液体自重，封堵膜有效地可阻止了液体的上行，避免了试管内液体及防漏件内液体泄漏至试管外。封堵膜的个数可以是2、3、4、5等等，但不限于此。
上述方案中：
至少一处所述封堵膜为片状，片状封堵膜设有活动端和固定端，所述活动端和所述固定端为一体，所述固定端连接防漏件的环状侧壁，所述活动端可相对所述固定端偏转。可以是所述封堵膜全部为片状的封堵膜，可以是部分封堵膜为片状的封堵膜。片状封堵膜的各活动端的上表面可以形成一个上大下小的圆台面。片状封堵膜各活动端的上表面也可以形成凹陷的圆弧面。片状封堵膜的活动端可以是3、4、5、6个等等。三个活动端形成Y形，四个活动端形成十字形或X形。
至少一处所述封堵膜为环状，环状封堵膜的固定端连接于防漏件的环状侧壁的内侧面。可以是所述封堵膜全部为片状的封堵膜，可以是所述封堵膜全部为环状的封堵膜，可以是部分封堵膜为环状封堵膜。
还可是，所述封堵膜包括为环状封堵膜和片状封堵膜。片状封堵膜设有活动端和固定端的，所述活动端和所述固定端为一体，所述固定端连接所述环状侧壁，所述活动端可相对所述固定端偏转；环状封堵膜的固定端连接于所述环状侧壁内侧面。可以是环状封堵膜位于片状封堵膜的上方，片状封堵膜位于环状封堵膜的下方；也可是所述片状封堵膜位于所述环状封堵膜的上方。
当至少两处片状封堵膜时，可采用3D打印的方式制作。
上述方案中，被所述环状封堵膜覆盖的、所述环状侧壁围合形成的通道的面积不小于通道横截面积的40％。其中环状侧壁围合形成的通道的通道内径上下一致。
当最下方封堵膜为环状封堵膜时，最下方封堵膜的最低处指环状封堵膜的下表面或侧面的最低处；当最下方封堵膜为片状封堵膜时，最下方封堵膜的最低处指活动端和取液件下部配合后的最低处；若最下方片状封堵膜未与取液件下部配合，最下方封堵膜的最低处指最下方片状封堵膜下表面的最低处。
上述方案中，所述取液件下部与防漏件紧密配合。可以是：所述防漏件最上方的所述封堵膜上方还设有通道，取液件下部外侧面与防漏件通道内侧壁紧密配合。其中，取液件下部与封堵膜可以是以下方式连接：
取液件下部外侧面与环状封堵膜紧密配合，并于片状封堵膜上表面紧密配合；
取液件下部穿过上下两处所述环状封堵膜但不接触所述环状封堵膜；
取液件下部穿过上下两处片状封堵膜，并至少与一处片状封堵膜上表面紧密配合；也可是取液件下部穿过上下两处片状封堵膜，但不接触所述片状封堵膜；
取液件下部穿过所述环状封堵膜和所述片状封堵膜但不接触所述环状封堵膜和所述片状封堵膜。所述环状封堵膜位于所述片状封堵膜的上方。
取液件下部穿过所述环状封堵膜和所述片状封堵膜，并于所述环状封堵膜内侧面紧密配合；但不接触所述片状封堵膜；
取液件下部穿过所述环状封堵膜和所述片状封堵膜，并于所述片状封堵膜的上表面紧密配合；但不接触所述环状封堵膜。
上述方案中，所述取液件下部与所述封堵膜紧密配合。
可以是，取液件下部外侧面与环状封堵膜的内侧面紧密配合。
当环状封堵膜的截面为四边形时(如长方形、正方形、平行四边形、梯形或靠近固定端一侧的边宽，相对固定端另一侧边窄的四边形等等)，环状封堵膜具有上表面、下表面以及连接上表面和下表面的侧面(环状封堵膜的一端与环状侧壁内侧面连接)。上表面可以是平面、斜面、截顶圆锥面、或圆弧面等等。
当环状封堵膜的截面半圆或小半圆时，环状封堵膜的内侧面为圆弧面。
当环状封堵膜的截面为四边形与半圆或小半圆结合时，其中四边形可以是长方形、正方形、平行四边形、梯形或靠近固定端一侧的边宽，相对固定端另一侧边窄的四边形，相对固定端另一侧边窄的四边形等等；环状封堵膜具有上表面、下表面以及连接上表面和下表面的圆弧面，环状封堵膜 的内侧面即为圆弧面。
可以是，所述取液件下部外侧面与片状的封堵膜的上表面紧密配合。
可以是，所述取液件下部外侧面同时与环状封堵膜的内侧面和片状封堵膜的上表面紧密配合。
上述方案中，环状封堵膜和环状侧壁内侧面相交。
当环状封堵膜与环状侧壁内侧面之间形成的锐角或直角时，形成纵向开口向下的凹槽。所述凹槽的凹槽面可以为曲面。所述凹槽用于阻止滞留于所述防漏件内的液体外流。当取液件下部与所述防漏件分离时，取液件下部会将试管中的液体带至环状两处封堵膜之间。当移去取液件后，试管倾斜或倒置时(此时防漏件依然设置于试管的开口部)，所述凹槽起到储液作用，从而避免了防漏件中的液体流出。
当环状封堵膜与环状侧壁内侧面之间为钝角时，当移去取液件后，试管倾斜，环状封堵膜的高度防止防漏件中两封堵膜之间的液体外漏。
上述方案中，所述环状封堵膜的上表面为倒置的截顶圆锥面，所述环状封堵膜上表面直径自上而下减小。
所述环状封堵膜的宽度不大于环状侧壁内径的35％。其作用为：一、取液件与本发明防漏件配合时取液件下部外径比取液件直接与现有技术防漏件的环状侧壁配合时取液件下部外径小，故在同样保证连接稳定牢固的情况下，取液件用材得以减少；二、对所述封堵膜环状封堵膜宽度限定，实际上就对封堵膜上表面长度进行了限定，从而有效地保证了取液件和防漏件分离后配合处封堵膜的复位。
所述环状封堵膜距离环状侧壁内侧面远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面近的环状封堵膜厚度。一般情况下，环状封堵膜最厚处的厚度大于等于0.7mm且小于等于1mm，环状封堵膜最厚处厚度小，在取液件拔出时，不利于环状封堵膜恢复原状。
进一步地，所述环状封堵膜的最厚处厚度大于所述环状封堵膜的宽度的37％。
一般情况下，取液件拔出过程中，容易造成环状封堵膜外翻，一旦环状封堵膜外翻不能复位，则不利于有效地防止试管发生震动、大角度倾斜、倒置等情况时防漏件中液体的外漏。而距离环状侧壁内侧面近的环状封堵膜厚，距离环状侧壁内侧面远的环状封堵膜薄，及所述环状封堵膜的上表面为截顶圆锥面，均有利于在取液件拔出时避免环状封堵膜外翻，有利于环状封堵膜迅速恢复至初始态，有效阻止防漏件中液体的外漏。
上述方案中，所述防漏件的环状侧壁外侧面上设有环状凸起，所述环状凸起由环状侧壁外侧面向外延伸形成，所述试管的开口部，试管的内侧壁上设有与环状凸起配合的环槽，所述防漏件置于所述试管的开口部，所述环状侧壁外侧面与试管内侧壁配合，且所述环状凸起与所述环槽配合。
上述方案中，两处封堵膜在环状侧壁上的间距不小于环状侧壁内径的35％，此作用为当试管受到较大震动时管内液体向外作跳跃运动时增加了液体在防漏件内的运动距离，最终随跳跃液体势能的减弱，下落至防漏件内，减少液体跳跃至防漏件外的概率。
本发明的另一发明目的在于提供一种用于与试管及取液件的配合用的防漏件。
一种防漏件，包括环状侧壁和封堵膜，所述封堵膜由所述环状侧壁向内延伸形成，所述防漏件至少两处设有封堵膜，所述封堵膜位于环状侧壁内侧面的不同高度；所述防漏件为一体成型，在不破坏封堵膜的前提下物体可纵向贯穿封堵膜，所述环状侧壁外侧设有与试管配合用防脱落结构。当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管中注入气体，在使试管内液体混匀过程中，试管中的液体沿防漏件的环状侧壁向上爬行，而上行至封堵膜处时，由于封堵膜与环状侧壁内侧面形成锐角或直角，封堵膜有效地降低了液体的上行的动能，结合液体自重，封堵膜有效地可阻止了液体的上行，避免了试管内液体及防漏件内液体泄漏至试管外。上述方案中，所述防脱落结构位于所述防漏件的上部，所述防脱落结构为环状侧壁外侧面向外延伸再向下延伸形成；或所述防脱落结构为环状凸起，所述环状凸起由环状侧壁外侧面向外延伸形成。其中，环状凸起的截面可以是半圆、球冠、三角形等等。所述环状凸起的外侧面可以为平面、斜面或曲面等等，优选圆弧面或斜面。所述环状凸起的外侧面为圆弧面或斜面时可有效减小防漏件与试管配合时的阻力，提高装配效率。
上述方案中，所述封堵膜包括为环状封堵膜及片状封堵膜，所述片状封堵膜设有活动端和固定端，所述活动端和所述固定端为一体，所述固定端与所述环状侧壁连接，所述活动端可相对所述固定端偏转；所述环状封堵膜的固定端与所述环状侧壁的内侧面连接；所述环状封堵膜位于所述片状封堵膜的上方，所述环状封堵膜和所述环状侧壁内侧面形成纵向开口向下的凹槽；所述凹槽用于阻止滞留于所述防漏件内的液体外流。进一步地，所述凹槽处所述环状封堵膜与所述环状侧壁的夹角大于5°且小于90°。当所述凹槽处所述环状封堵膜与所述环状侧壁的夹角为锐角时，当取液件下部从试管组件(防漏件设置于试管的开口处)拔出后，试管组件倾斜或倒置，或放生剧烈震动时，防漏件均可有效地防止防漏件中及试管中的液体外漏。进一步地，所述凹槽的凹槽面为曲面。
但是当所述凹槽处所述环状封堵膜与所述环状侧壁的夹角为直角或钝角时，当取液件下部从试管组件(包括试管和防漏件，防漏件设置于试管的开口处)拔出后，试管组件倾斜小于90°时，环状封堵膜可有效阻止位于两个封堵膜之间的液体外流。
上述方案中，所述环状封堵膜上方设有用于与取液件下部配合的通道。
上述方案中，环状封堵膜上表面直径自上而下减小。环状封堵膜上表面直径自上而下可以是渐 进式递减，也可平滑递减还可是圆弧状递交。如环状封堵膜的上表面可以为截顶圆锥面。
上述方案中，环状封堵膜宽度不大于环状侧壁内径的35％。一方面，有利于取液件与试管组件(包括试管和防漏件，防漏件设置于试管的开口处)分离后，环状封堵膜迅速有效地复位；另一方面，防漏件用于与取液件配合，当取液件与防漏件配合时，取液件下部外径比取液件直接与试管配合时取液件下部外径小，也比取液件直接与防漏件环状侧壁配合时取液件下部外径小，在同样保证连接稳定牢固的情况下，取液件用材得以减少。
上述方案中，所述封堵膜包括环状封堵膜，距离环状侧壁内侧面远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面近的环状封堵膜厚度。
上述方案中，所述环状封堵膜的最厚处厚度大于所述环状封堵膜的宽度的37％。
一般情况下，取液件拔出过程中，容易造成环状封堵膜外翻，一旦环状封堵膜外翻不能复位，则不利于有效地防止试管发生震动、大角度倾斜、倒置等情况时防漏件中液体的外漏。而距离环状侧壁内侧面近的环状封堵膜厚，距离环状侧壁内侧面远的环状封堵膜薄，及所述环状封堵膜的上表面为截顶圆锥面，均有利于在取液件拔出时避免环状封堵膜外翻，有利于环状封堵膜迅速恢复至初始态，有效阻止防漏件中液体的外漏。
上述方案中，所述封堵膜包括为环状封堵膜及片状封堵膜，所述环状封堵膜位于所述片状封堵膜的上方，环状侧壁上端面与所述环状封堵膜最高点在同一平面上。
上述方案中，所述封堵膜覆盖所述环状侧壁围合形成的通道的面积不小于通道横截面积的40％。
上述方案中，两处封堵膜在环状侧壁上的间距不小于环状侧壁内径的35％。如果两处封堵膜之间在纵向的间距过小，取液件在拔出过程在两处封堵膜之间的暂留时间则很短，不利于有效防漏。
因此，既要保证两处封堵膜在纵向的间距，又要保证环状封堵膜的宽度和最厚处的厚度，还要保证封堵膜覆盖防漏件通道的面积，防漏效果才能更好。
本发明的又一发明目的在于提供一种用于与试管及取液件的配合用的防漏件。一种防漏件，包括环状侧壁和封堵膜，所述封堵膜由所述环状侧壁向内延伸形成，所述防漏件至少两处设有封堵膜，所述封堵膜位于环状侧壁内侧面的不同高度；所述防漏件为一体成型，所述环状侧壁围合形成的通道的横截面积为丙，位于上方的封堵膜覆盖所述环状侧壁围合形成通道的横截面面积为a，位于下方的封堵膜覆盖所述环状侧壁围合形成通道的横截面面积为b，所述a小于所述b，物体在纵向贯穿所述封堵膜时不破坏所述封堵膜原有结构。当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管中注入气体，在使试管内液体混匀过程中，试管中的液体沿防漏件的环状侧壁向上爬行，而上行至封堵膜处时，由于封堵膜与环状侧壁内侧面形成锐角或直角，封堵膜有效地降 低了液体的上行的动能，结合液体自重，封堵膜有效地可阻止了液体的上行，避免了试管内液体及防漏件内液体泄漏至试管外。
进一步地，所述a不小于所述b的20％不大于所述b的98％。优选所述a不小于所述b的55％不大于所述b的90％。
上述方案中，所述封堵膜包括为环状封堵膜及片状封堵膜，所述片状封堵膜设有活动端和固定端，所述活动端和所述固定端为一体，所述固定端与所述环状侧壁连接，所述活动端可相对所述固定端偏转；所述环状封堵膜的固定端与所述环状侧壁内侧面连接；所述环状封堵膜位于所述片状封堵膜的上方。
进一步地，所述片状封堵膜可以有1、2、3、4、5、6个等的活动端。当所述片状封堵膜仅设有一个活动端，所述片状封堵膜覆盖所述环状侧壁围合形成通道的横截面面积不小于所述通道的横截面的70％。片状封堵模的上表面可以时平面或斜面，片状封堵模的上表面与所述环状侧壁夹角大于等于90°。当片状封堵膜仅有一个活动端时，当受到试管中液体向外的冲力时，活动端的上表面或活动端的侧面与所述环状侧壁配合时，形成限位机构。
当活动端的上表面与所述环状侧壁的底端配合时，所述活动端的上表面长度大于通道直径，当受到试管中液体向外的冲力时，活动端的上表面在试管中液体的冲力下向上运动，在活动端的上表面与所述环状侧壁的底端配合部形成限位结构，使得片状封堵膜受到冲力越大关闭的越严，有效阻止了试管中液体的外漏。
当活动端的侧面与所述环状侧壁的内侧面配合时，所述活动端的侧面与所述环状侧壁之间的距离大于等于零；当受到试管中液体向外的冲力时，活动端的侧面与所述环状侧壁之间形成过盈配合，使得活动端的侧面与所述环状侧壁的底端配合部形成限位结构，使得片状封堵膜受到冲力越大关闭的越严，有效阻止了试管中液体的外漏。
进一步地，所述片状封堵膜至少设有3个活动端，活动端可以是3、4、5、6个等，且相邻两活动端之间的分割线的长度不大于通道直径35％。即分割线的两端在所述通道横截面上的对应距离不大于通道直径35％。
本发明具有以下优点：
一、采用本发明采液完毕后,取液件与试管组件(包括试管和设置于试管开口部的防漏件)分离时，取液件采液通道内的残留液体会向下落，试管中的液体会随着取液件的拔出而随取液件溯行而上。由于取液件下部与封堵膜紧密配合，随取液件溯行而上的液体会被位于下方的片状封堵膜阻挡，即使侥幸避过下方片状封堵膜，但液体依附取液件上行至环状封堵膜和片状封堵膜之间后，再 上行时会遭遇环状封堵膜与取液件下部的紧密配合，最终使得随取液件拔出而溯行向上的液体或液件采液通道内的向下落的液体会被截留在两处封堵膜之间，不外漏。
二、本发明由于环状封堵膜与环状侧壁之间形成锐角的凹槽，因此当装满液体的试管组件从竖直状态倾斜甚至倒置时，位于两封堵膜之间组件内的液体不流出。
三、使用本发明防漏件的试管组件在装满液体后，自一定能够高度水平状态自由下落，在震动过程中，即使有小量液体突破下方片状封堵膜，但上方的环状封堵膜与环状侧壁之间形成有锐角的凹槽，位于两处封堵膜之间的液体会被环状封堵膜和凹槽阻挡，使得液体被困在两处封堵膜之间，而不会流至试管组件外。
四、使用本发明防漏件的试管组件在有效防漏的同时还能保证检测试条插入检测和检测仪检测，在检测仪检测时注入气体混匀试管内液体的过程中管内液体不外漏。
五、本发明取液件下部外侧面与防漏件的环状封堵膜内侧面紧密配合，使得取液件下部与试管组件连接配合后使用时更轻松、更便捷、卫生、牢固不易脱落。
六、本发明的取液件与试管组件的防漏件环状封堵膜内侧配合，与现有技术取液件直接与试管配合相比或取液件下部直接与防漏件的环状侧壁配合相比，取液件下部与防漏件配合处的直径减小了，在保证试管开口处内径不变的前提下，和取液件下部连接配合处直径减小了，减少了材料的使用量。
七、在取液件下部连接处的导液通道和排气通道内径恒定，试管直径不变的前提下，现有技术中，取液件下部连接处因直径较大，使得取液件下部连接处通道(导液及排气)周围的壁厚厚、不均匀且用材多。如若取液件下部连接处(通道上部)壁厚一致，生产过程中又存在脱模或生产效率低的问题。采用本发明结构，取液件下部连接处直径得以减少，在取液件下部连接部的通道直径不变的前提下，提高取液件下部连接处壁厚的均匀度，大幅减少了材料的用量，缩短成型时间，提高成品率，提高生产效率。
八、采用本发明结构，取液件下部外侧和环状封堵膜连接配合时，可降低了配合公差要求；且保证了连接的有效性-连接后不会脱落；并减少了防漏件和取液件下部配合时的推力。
九、防漏件的封堵膜覆盖通道横截面面积上小下大具有以下优点：因下方封堵膜离试管中液面最近，当倒掉取液件中多余液体的过程中或试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)倾斜的过程中，下方的封堵膜受到液面的作用力较大，当下方的封堵膜覆盖通道的横截面面积大有利于阻止管内液体外漏。上方封堵膜覆盖通道横截面面积小：上方封堵膜可以是环状封堵膜；也可以片状封堵膜，可在片状封堵膜中间设有贯通孔。上方封堵膜覆盖通道横截面面积小可便于检测时试条、检测仪吸针的插入；便于取液件下部插入；便于取液件下部和贯通孔的连接固定。
十、当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管中注入气体，混匀管内液体的过程中，防漏件的双层结构可阻止管内液体泄漏至试管外。
附图说明
图1为本发明试管示意图。
图2为本发明取液件示意图。
图3为本发明防漏件示意图-1。
图4为本发明组合结构示意图-1，而图21为相应的分解立体图。
图5为本发明防漏件示意图-2。
图6为本发明组合结构示意图-2。
图7为本发明防漏件示意图-3。
图8为本发明组合结构示意图-3。
图9为本发明防漏件示意图-4。
图10为本发明组合结构示意图-4。
图11至18分别为本发明防漏件示意图-5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12。
图19为本发明一实施例防漏件与试管配合示意图。
图20为本发明一实施例取液件、防漏件与试管配合示意图。
图中：
1防漏件，10环状侧壁，11环状侧壁内侧面，12环状侧壁外侧面,13通道，131防漏件通道内侧壁，
17环状侧壁上端面，18间距，
14环状凸起，141环状凸起的外侧面，15凹槽,151凹槽面，16防脱落结构，
R环状侧壁内径，
20环状封堵膜，21环状封堵膜，201环状封堵膜的内侧面，202环状封堵膜上表面直径，203环状封堵膜的宽度，204环状封堵膜的厚度，205环状封堵膜最高点，211环状封堵膜的内侧面，
22片状封堵膜，23片状封堵膜，
221活动端，222固定端,231活动端，232固定端,
223片状封堵膜的宽度，224片状封堵膜的厚度，225片状封堵膜的上表面，
233片状封堵膜的宽度，234片状封堵膜的厚度，235片状封堵膜的上表面，
237孔，
8取液件，81取液件上部，82取液件下部，821取液件下部外侧面，83排气口，84出液口，85取液件下部的环状或类似环状侧壁最底端，
9试管，91开口部，92试管内侧壁，93环槽，
3分割线；31分割线的长度；
4间隙宽度；d1活动端长度。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的说明，以下实施例仅为优选例，并不是对本发明的范围加以限制，相反地，其目的是希望能涵盖各种改变及具相等性的安排于本发明所欲申请之专利范围的范畴内。
实施例1：下面结合附图1至附图4、图21对本发明做进一步的说明：
防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构，包括防漏件1、试管9和取液件8。
防漏件由硬度为50°硅胶制成。防漏件1的环状侧壁10的内侧面11的不同高度设有环状封堵膜20和环状封堵膜21。环状封堵膜20位于环状封堵膜21的上方。环状封堵膜20和环状封堵膜21在环状侧壁上间距18为4.8㎜。
环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21均由环状侧壁10向内延伸形成。
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的外侧面12上设有环状凸起14，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为圆弧面。环状凸起14由环状侧壁10向外延伸形成。
环状封堵膜20与内侧面11形成纵向开口向下的凹槽15，凹槽15的凹槽面151为圆弧面。环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁10的夹角为39°。环状侧壁内径R为12㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的宽度203为2.6㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的厚度204最厚处为1.0㎜。环状封堵膜20距离内侧面11远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离内侧面11近的环状封堵膜厚度。
试管9位于开口部91的试管内侧壁92上设有环槽93。
取液件8包括取液件上部81和取液件下部82，取液件上部81用于液体采集，取液件下部82与防漏件1配合连接。
防漏件1置于试管9的开口部91，防漏件1的外侧面12与试管9的92试管内侧壁紧密配合，且防漏件1外侧面12上的环状凸起14与试管内侧壁92上的环槽93配合，用于固定防漏件1，避免防漏件1在取液件插入或拔出过程中移动或脱落。
取液件下部82与防漏件1紧密配合，取液件下部82纵向穿过环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21，并且不破坏环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21。取液件下部外侧面821与环状封堵膜的内侧面(201、 211)紧密配合。当取液件8和防漏件1分离后，环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21可阻止试管9内液体外漏。其中环状封堵膜21的宽度、环状封堵膜21最厚处厚度与环状封堵膜20相同。
环状封堵膜20覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的68％。
环状封堵膜21覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的68％。
当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管9中注入气体，使试管内液体混匀过程中，防漏件1的双层结构有效地阻止试管9内液体泄漏至试管9外。
实施例2：下面结合附图1、图2、图5、图6对本发明做进一步的说明：
防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构，包括防漏件1、试管9和取液件8。
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的内侧面11的不同高度设有片状封堵膜22和片状封堵膜23。片状封堵膜22位于片状封堵膜23的上方。片状封堵膜22与片状封堵膜23在环状侧壁上间距18为6.7㎜。
片状封堵膜22和片状封堵膜23均由环状侧壁10向内延伸形成。片状封堵膜22的固定端222与环状侧壁内侧面11连接，片状封堵膜22设有4个活动端221，活动端221形成十字形。片状封堵膜23的固定端232与环状侧壁内侧面11连接，片状封堵膜23设有4个活动端231，活动端231形成十字形。
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的外侧面12上设有环状凸起14，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为圆弧面。环状凸起14由环状侧壁10向外延伸形成。
环状侧壁内径R为12㎜。片状封堵膜22和片状封堵膜23距离环状侧壁内侧面11远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面11近的环状封堵膜厚度。
片状封堵膜22的片状封堵膜的厚度224自固定端222向活动端221逐渐减小。片状封堵膜的厚度224最厚处厚度为1.5㎜，片状封堵膜的宽度223为6㎜。片状封堵膜22的4个活动端221的片状封堵膜的上表面225共同形成开口向上的凹陷。
片状封堵膜23的片状封堵膜的厚度234自固定端232向活动端231逐渐减小。片状封堵膜的厚度234最厚处厚度为1.5㎜，片状封堵膜的宽度233为6㎜。片状封堵膜23的4个活动端231的片状封堵膜的上表面235共同形成开口向上的凹陷。
试管9位于开口部91的试管内侧壁92上设有环槽93。
取液件8包括取液件上部81和取液件下部82，取液件上部81用于液体采集，取液件下部82与防漏件1配合连接。
防漏件1置于试管9的开口部91，防漏件1的环状侧壁外侧面12与试管9的92试管内侧壁紧密配合，且防漏件1的环状侧壁外侧面12上的环状凸起14与试管内侧壁92上的环槽93配合， 用于固定防漏件1，避免防漏件1在取液件插入或拔出过程中移动或脱落。
取液件下部82与防漏件1紧密配合，取液件下部82纵向穿过片状封堵膜22和片状封堵膜23，并且不破坏片状封堵膜22和片状封堵膜23。取液件下部外侧面821同时与片状封堵膜22的片状封堵膜的上表面225和片状封堵膜23的片状封堵膜的上表面235紧密配合。
当取液件8和防漏件1分离后，片状封堵膜22和片状封堵膜23复位。复位后，片状封堵膜22覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的100％。环状封堵膜23覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的100％。片状封堵膜22和片状封堵膜23阻止试管9内液体外漏。
当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管9中注入气体，使试管内液体混匀过程中，防漏件1的双层结构有效地阻止试管9内液体泄漏至试管9外。
实施例3：下面结合附图1、图2、图7、图8对本发明做进一步的说明：
防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构，包括防漏件1、试管9和取液件8。
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的内侧面11的不同高度设有环状封堵膜20和片状封堵膜23。环状封堵膜20位于片状封堵膜23的上方。环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23在环状侧壁上间距18为7.2㎜。环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21均由环状侧壁10向内延伸形成。
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的外侧面12上设有环状凸起14，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为圆弧面。环状凸起14由环状侧壁10向外延伸形成。如图16所示环状凸起14的截面还可是三角形，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为斜面。
环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁内侧面11形成纵向开口向下的凹槽15，凹槽15的凹槽面151为曲面。环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁10的夹角为59°。环状侧壁内径R为12㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的宽度203为3.2㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的厚度204最厚处为1.3㎜。环状封堵膜20距离环状侧壁内侧面11远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面11近的环状封堵膜厚度。
片状封堵膜23的固定端232与环状侧壁内侧面11连接，片状封堵膜23设有4个活动端231，活动端231形成十字形。片状封堵膜23的4个活动端231的片状封堵膜的上表面235共同形成开口向上的凹陷。片状封堵膜23的片状封堵膜的厚度234自固定端232向活动端231逐渐减小。片状封堵膜的厚度234最厚处厚度为1.5㎜，片状封堵膜的宽度233为6㎜。
试管9位于开口部91的试管内侧壁92上设有环槽93。
取液件8包括取液件上部81和取液件下部82，取液件上部81用于液体采集，取液件下部82 与防漏件1配合连接。
防漏件1置于试管9的开口部91，防漏件1的环状侧壁外侧面12与试管9的92试管内侧壁紧密配合，且防漏件1的环状侧壁外侧面12上的环状凸起14与试管内侧壁92上的环槽93配合，用于固定防漏件1，避免防漏件1在取液件插入或拔出过程中移动或脱落。
取液件下部82与防漏件1紧密配合，取液件下部82纵向穿过环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23，并且不破坏环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23。取液件下部外侧面821与环状封堵膜的内侧面201和片状封堵膜的上表面235紧密配合。
当取液件8和防漏件1分离后，环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23复位。环状封堵膜20覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的78％。环状封堵膜23覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的100％。环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23阻止试管9内液体外漏。
当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管9中注入气体，使试管内液体混匀过程中，防漏件1的双层结构有效地阻止试管9内液体泄漏至试管9外。
实施例4：下面结合附图1、图2、图9、图10对本发明做进一步的说明：
防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构，包括防漏件1、试管9和取液件8。
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的内侧面11的不同高度设有环状封堵膜20和片状封堵膜23。环状封堵膜20位于片状封堵膜23的上方。环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23在环状侧壁上间距18为6.5㎜。
环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21均由环状侧壁10向内延伸形成。环状封堵膜20上方还设有通道13。
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的外侧面12上设有环状凸起14，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为圆弧面。环状凸起14由环状侧壁10向外延伸形成。
环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁内侧面11形成纵向开口向下的凹槽15，凹槽15的凹槽面151为曲面。环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁10的夹角为66°。环状侧壁内径R为12㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的宽度203为2.6㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的厚度204最厚处为0.98㎜。环状封堵膜20距离环状侧壁内侧面11远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面11近的环状封堵膜厚度。
片状封堵膜23的固定端232与环状侧壁内侧面11连接，片状封堵膜23设有4个活动端231，片状封堵膜23的4个活动端231的片状封堵膜的上表面235共同形成开口向上的凹陷，在凹陷中央设有一个孔237。片状封堵膜23的片状封堵膜的厚度234自固定端232向活动端231逐渐减小。 片状封堵膜的厚度234最厚处厚度为1.0㎜，片状封堵膜的宽度233为3.5㎜。
试管9位于开口部91的试管内侧壁92上设有环槽93。
取液件8包括取液件上部81和取液件下部82，取液件上部81用于液体采集，取液件下部82与防漏件1配合连接。
防漏件1置于试管9的开口部91，防漏件1的环状侧壁外侧面12与试管9的92试管内侧壁紧密配合，且防漏件1的环状侧壁外侧面12上的环状凸起14与试管内侧壁92上的环槽93配合，用于固定防漏件1，避免防漏件1在取液件插入或拔出过程中移动或脱落。
取液件下部82与防漏件1紧密配合，取液件下部外侧面821与防漏件1通道13的防漏件通道内侧壁131紧密配合，取液件下部82纵向穿过并不接触环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23，并且不破坏环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23。
当取液件8和防漏件1分离后。环状封堵膜20覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的68％。环状封堵膜23覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的83％。环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23可阻止试管9内液体外漏。
当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管9中注入气体，使试管内液体混匀过程中，防漏件1的双层结构有效地阻止试管9内液体泄漏至试管9外。
实施例5：下面结合附图3对本发明做进一步的说明：
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的内侧面11的不同高度设有环状封堵膜20和环状封堵膜21。环状封堵膜20位于环状封堵膜21的上方。环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21在环状侧壁上间距18为8.3㎜。
环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21均由环状侧壁10向内延伸形成。
环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁内侧面11形成纵向开口向下的凹槽15，凹槽15的凹槽面151为圆弧面。环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁10的夹角为39°。环状侧壁内径R为12㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的宽度203为3.0㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的厚度204最厚处为1.3㎜。环状封堵膜21的宽度及最厚处厚度和环状封堵膜20一致。环状封堵膜20距离环状侧壁内侧面11远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面11近的环状封堵膜厚度。
环状封堵膜20覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的75％。
环状封堵膜21覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的75％。
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的外侧面12上设有防脱落结构：
如图3所示，防脱落结构为环状凸起14，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为圆弧面。环状凸 起14由环状侧壁10向外延伸形成。
如图11所示，防脱落结构16还可是由环状侧壁外侧面12向外延伸再向下延伸形成。
当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管9中注入气体，使试管内液体混匀过程中，防漏件1的双层结构有效地阻止试管9内液体泄漏至试管9外。
实施例6：下面结合附图5对本发明做进一步的说明：
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的内侧面11的不同高度设有片状封堵膜22和片状封堵膜23。片状封堵膜22位于片状封堵膜23的上方。片状封堵膜22与片状封堵膜23在环状侧壁上间距18为12.5㎜。
片状封堵膜22和片状封堵膜23均由环状侧壁10向内延伸形成。片状封堵膜22的固定端222与环状侧壁内侧面11连接，片状封堵膜22设有4个活动端221，活动端221形成十字形。片状封堵膜23的固定端232与环状侧壁内侧面11连接，片状封堵膜23设有4个活动端231，活动端231形成十字形。
环状侧壁内径R为12㎜。片状封堵膜22和片状封堵膜23距离环状侧壁内侧面11远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面11近的环状封堵膜厚度。
片状封堵膜22的片状封堵膜的厚度224自固定端222向活动端221逐渐减小。片状封堵膜的厚度224最厚处厚度为1.5㎜，片状封堵膜的宽度223为6㎜。片状封堵膜22的4个活动端221的片状封堵膜的上表面225共同形成开口向上的凹陷。
片状封堵膜23的片状封堵膜的厚度234自固定端232向活动端231逐渐减小。片状封堵膜的厚度234最厚处厚度为1.5㎜，片状封堵膜的宽度233为6㎜。片状封堵膜23的4个活动端231的片状封堵膜的上表面235共同形成开口向上的凹陷。
片状封堵膜22覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的100％。环状封堵膜23覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的100％。
其中，防漏件1的环状侧壁10的外侧面12上设有防脱落结构。
如图5所示，防脱落结构为环状凸起14，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为圆弧面。环状凸起14由环状侧壁10向外延伸形成。
如图12所示，防脱落结构16还可是由环状侧壁外侧面12向外延伸再向下延伸形成。
当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管9中注入气体，使试管内液体混匀过程中，防漏件1的双层结构有效地阻止试管9内液体泄漏至试管9外。
实施例7：下面结合附图7对本发明做进一步的说明：
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的内侧面11的不同高度设有环状封堵膜20和片状封堵膜23。环状封堵膜20位于片状封堵膜23的上方。环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23在环状侧壁上间距18为9.5㎜。
环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21均由环状侧壁10向内延伸形成。
环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁内侧面11形成纵向开口向下的凹槽15，凹槽15的凹槽面151为曲面。环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁10的夹角为59°。环状侧壁内径R为12㎜，即通道内径为12㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的宽度203为3.2㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的厚度204最厚处为1.6㎜。环状封堵膜20距离环状侧壁内侧面11远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面11近的环状封堵膜厚度。
片状封堵膜23的固定端232与环状侧壁内侧面11连接，片状封堵膜23设有4个活动端231，活动端231形成十字形。片状封堵膜23的4个活动端231的片状封堵膜的上表面235共同形成开口向上的凹陷。片状封堵膜23的片状封堵膜的厚度234自固定端232向活动端231逐渐减小。片状封堵膜的厚度234最厚处厚度为1.5㎜，片状封堵膜的宽度233为6㎜。
环状封堵膜20覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的78％。环状封堵膜23覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的100％。
其中，防漏件1的环状侧壁10的外侧面12上设有防脱落结构。
如图7所示，防脱落结构为环状凸起14，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为圆弧面。环状凸起14由环状侧壁10向外延伸形成。再如图15所示，环状侧壁上端面17与环状封堵膜最高点205在同一平面上。如图16所示环状凸起14的截面还可是三角形，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为斜面。如图13所示，防脱落结构16还可是由环状侧壁外侧面12向外延伸再向下延伸形成。
当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管9中注入气体，使试管内液体混匀过程中，防漏件1的双层结构有效地阻止试管9内液体泄漏至试管9外。
实施例8：下面结合附图9对本发明做进一步的说明：
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的内侧面11的不同高度设有环状封堵膜20和片状封堵膜23。环状封堵膜20位于片状封堵膜23的上方。环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23在环状侧壁上间距18为13㎜。
环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21均由环状侧壁10向内延伸形成。环状封堵膜20上方还设有通道13。
环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁内侧面11形成纵向开口向下的凹槽15，凹槽15的凹槽面151为曲面。环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁10的夹角为66°。环状侧壁内径R为12㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的宽度203为2.6㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的厚度204最厚处为0.98㎜。环状封堵膜20距离环状侧壁内侧面11远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面11近的环状封堵膜厚度。
片状封堵膜23的固定端232与环状侧壁内侧面11连接，片状封堵膜23设有4个活动端231，片状封堵膜23的4个活动端231的片状封堵膜的上表面235共同形成开口向上的凹陷，在凹陷中央设有一个孔237。片状封堵膜23的片状封堵膜的厚度234自固定端232向活动端231逐渐减小。片状封堵膜的厚度234最厚处厚度为1.0㎜，片状封堵膜的宽度233为3.5㎜。
环状封堵膜20覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的68％。环状封堵膜23覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的91.5％。
当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管9中注入气体，使试管内液体混匀过程中，防漏件1的双层结构有效地阻止试管9内液体泄漏至试管9外。
其中，防漏件1的环状侧壁10的外侧面12上设有防脱落结构。
如图7所示，防脱落结构为环状凸起14，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为圆弧面。环状凸起14由环状侧壁10向外延伸形成。
如图16所示环状凸起14的截面还可是三角形，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为斜面。
如图13所示，防脱落结构16还可是由环状侧壁外侧面12向外延伸再向下延伸形成。
实施例9：下面结合附图17对本发明做进一步的说明：
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的内侧面11的不同高度设有环状封堵膜20和片状封堵膜23。环状封堵膜20位于片状封堵膜23的上方。环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23在环状侧壁上间距18为9.5㎜。
环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21均由环状侧壁10向内延伸形成。
环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁内侧面11形成纵向开口向下的凹槽15，凹槽15的凹槽面151为曲面。环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁10的夹角为59°。环状侧壁内径R为12㎜，即通道内径为12㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的宽度203为3.2㎜。环状封堵膜20的环状封堵膜的厚度204最厚处为1.6㎜。环状封堵膜20距离环状侧壁内侧面11远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面11近的环状封堵膜厚度。
片状封堵膜23的固定端232与环状侧壁内侧面11连接，片状封堵膜23设有4个活动端231，活动端231形成十字形。片状封堵膜23的4个活动端231的片状封堵膜的上表面235共同形成开口向上的凹陷。相邻的互动端231之间设有分割线3，分割线的长度31为3㎜。片状封堵膜的厚 度234厚度为1.5㎜，片状封堵膜的宽度233为6㎜。
环状封堵膜20覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的78％。环状封堵膜23覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的100％。
其中，防漏件1的环状侧壁10的外侧面12上设有防脱落结构。
如图7所示，防脱落结构为环状凸起14，环状凸起14的环状凸起的外侧面141为圆弧面。环状凸起14由环状侧壁10向外延伸形成。
当试管组件(试管与防漏件的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管9中注入气体，使试管内液体混匀过程中，防漏件1的双层结构有效地阻止试管9内液体泄漏至试管9外。
实施例10：下面结合附图18、19和20对本发明做进一步的说明：
防漏件1的环状侧壁10的内侧面11的不同高度设有环状封堵膜20和片状封堵膜23。环状封堵膜20位于片状封堵膜23的上方。环状封堵膜20与片状封堵膜23在环状侧壁上间距18为10㎜。
环状封堵膜20与环状封堵膜21均由环状侧壁10向内延伸形成。防漏件为一体成型。
环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁内侧面11形成纵向开口向下的凹槽15。环状封堵膜20与环状侧壁10的夹角为74°。环状侧壁内径R为12㎜，即通道内径为12㎜。
片状封堵膜23的固定端232与环状侧壁内侧面11连接，片状封堵膜23设有1个活动端231。
环状封堵膜20覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的78％。环状封堵膜23覆盖了环状侧壁10围合形成的通道的通道横截面积的100％。
由于片状封堵膜23活动端231斜向下，即片状封堵膜23活动端231上表面与环状侧壁内侧面11夹角大于90°；且活动端长度d113mm大于通道内径为12㎜。片状封堵膜23的活动端231侧面与环状侧壁内侧面11之间间隙宽度4为1mm。当防漏件1和试管9配合，试管9中已存储一定量液体时，在试管组件(试管9与防漏件1的配合体)颠倒、倾斜或震动时，片状封堵膜23收到压力后向开口端运动，由于活动端长度d1大于通道内径，所以片状封堵膜23受液体的压力后，液体推力使片状封堵膜23迅速且无泄漏地封堵住通道。
结合图19和图20可知，取液件8在纵向贯穿封堵膜时不破坏环状封堵膜20和片状封堵膜23原有结构。
当试管组件(试管9与防漏件1的配合体)上检测仪检测时，在检测仪向试管9中注入气体，使试管内液体混匀过程中，防漏件1的双层结构有效地阻止试管9内液体泄漏至试管9外。
实验对比例：
采用本发明(A)的配合结构、本发明(B)的配合结构与现有技术(LZQ-01)配合结构，其中，防漏件材料采用硅胶，硬度为50°。测试环境温度：17°；湿度：60％；条件下进行实验比 较。
其中：本发明(A)的防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构为：
防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构，防漏件包括环状侧壁和封堵膜，封堵膜由环状侧壁向内延伸形成。取液件包括上部和下部，取液件上部用于液体采集，取液件下部与所述防漏件配合连接。防漏件与试管的开口部配合连接；防漏件设有上下两处封堵膜，环状封堵膜位于片状封堵膜的上方。取液件下部与防漏件的环状封堵膜内侧壁紧密配合，环状封堵膜的宽度为4.2㎜，环状封堵膜最厚处厚度为1.5㎜，环状侧壁内径为12㎜；环状封堵膜与环状侧壁夹角为39°，片状封堵膜最厚处厚度1.5㎜，封堵膜覆盖环状侧壁围合形成的通道横截面积100％。
片状封堵膜设有活动端和固定端，所述活动端和所述固定端为一体，所述固定端连接所述环状侧壁，所述活动端可相对所述固定端偏转。片状封堵膜设有4个活动端。
其中：本发明(B)的防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构为：
防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构，防漏件包括环状侧壁和封堵膜，封堵膜由环状侧壁向内延伸形成。取液件包括上部和下部，取液件上部用于液体采集，取液件下部与所述防漏件配合连接。防漏件与试管的开口部配合连接；防漏件设有上下两处封堵膜，环状封堵膜位于片状封堵膜的上方。取液件下部与防漏件的环状封堵膜内侧壁紧密配合，环状封堵膜的宽度为4.2㎜，环状封堵膜最厚处厚度为1.5㎜，环状侧壁内径为12㎜；环状封堵膜与环状侧壁夹角为39°，片状封堵膜最厚处厚度1.5㎜，封堵膜覆盖环状侧壁围合形成的通道横截面积100％。
片状封堵膜设有活动端和固定端，所述活动端和所述固定端为一体，所述固定端连接所述环状侧壁，所述活动端可相对所述固定端偏转。片状封堵膜设有1个活动端。
现有技术(LZQ-01)配合结构为：
一种防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构，防漏件包括环状侧壁和封堵膜，所述封堵膜由所述环状侧壁向内延伸形成，取液件包括上部和下部，取液件上部用于液体采集，取液件下部与所述防漏件配合连接；所述防漏件与试管的开口部配合连接；防漏件由硬度为50°的硅胶制成。所述防漏件下部一处设有片状封堵膜，片状封堵膜设有活动端和固定端，所述活动端和所述固定端为一体，所述固定端连接所述环状侧壁，所述活动端可相对所述固定端偏转。片状封堵膜设有4个活动端。
取液件下部外侧壁与防漏件上部环状侧壁内侧壁紧密配合，环状侧壁内径为12㎜；封堵膜最厚处厚度为1.5㎜。封堵膜覆盖环状侧壁围合形成的通道横截面积100％。
取200支相同的试管，试管上部管径为18㎜，高度为105㎜的试管，在试管内注入8ml液体后，在100支试管的开口部设置本发明(A)防漏件，在另100支试管的开口部设置现有技术(LZQ-01)防漏件，保证防漏件与试管配合处密封。
一、管内液体防漏试验：
分别对设置防漏件后的试管进行倾斜55°、75°、90°并停留300秒后，在试管的下方放有盛液托盘，测100支试管下方托盘内从试管中外漏的液体量，采用0.1-1ml液体计量器进行计量，试管内液体外漏情况：
Figure PCTCN2017108584-appb-000001
结论：在试管倾斜时，采用本发明防漏技术和现有防漏技术对比有了质的改变，解决了液体外漏的问题。
二、试管摔落试验：
分别对装有不同防漏件的试管从高度100CM，试管处水平状态情况下，自由下落至其下方盛液托盘，测出100支试管摔落后其下方托盘内从试管中外漏的液体量，采用0.1-1ml和0.5-5ml液体计量器进行计量。
本发明(A)与试管配合 本发明(B)与试管配合 LZQ-01(现有技术)与试管配合
托盘内撒漏液体合计0.43毫升 托盘内撒漏液体合计0.21毫升 托盘内撒漏液体合计3.1毫升
结论：在试管摔落，遭遇震动时，采用本发明的防漏件的试管和现有技术相比，在同等条件下外漏液量比现有技术减少了98％以上，有了显著的进步。
三、防漏件内液体防漏试验：
用液体计量器分别对采用本发明(A)防漏件的试管组件、本发明(B)防漏件的试管组件和采用现有技术(LZQ-01)防漏件的试管组件，进行液体加注。对本发明(A)防漏件的试管组件液体加注于环状侧壁内双层封堵膜之间。对采用现有技术(LZQ-01)防漏件的试管组件液体加注于封堵膜上方。每件测试样均注入0.15ml液体后，使试管组件倾斜85°停留120秒。
本发明(A)与试管配合 本发明(B)与试管配合 LZQ-01(现有技术)与试管配合
100％无外漏 100％无外漏 100％外漏
结论：在取液件与试管组件分离时，取液件下部连接配合处通道内液体及随取液件下部拔出时 带出的小量液体，可有效地被拦截在防漏件件两层封堵膜之间，本发明的防漏技术和现有防漏技术对比有了质的改变，解决了液体外漏的问题。
四、环状侧壁内侧直径和取液件下部配合时的有效公差区间值的试验：
防漏件设置于试管的开口部，取液件下部与试管组件的防漏件配合。
取液件下部的外径大于环状封堵膜内侧最小处(采用本发明的防漏件)/环状侧壁内侧直径(采用现有技术的防漏件)，环状侧壁内侧直径以每次0.02㎜为单位做取液件与试管组件过盈配合，配合后试管呈垂直状，在试管下部作用1.2N的拉力，查看取液件与防漏件配合处是否脱落，如脱落即继续以0.02㎜为单位增大取液件下部与防漏件配合处外径，直至配合后，在试管下部作用1.2N的拉力取液件下部与防漏件配合处不脱落，此时测量取液件下部与防漏件之间的最小有效配合工差值为A；以A值为基础继续以0.02㎜为单位增大取液件下部与防漏件配合处外径，直至液件下部与防漏件配合时所需推力达到5N，此时取液件下部配合处的外径值为B，A-B之间的值为：环状封堵膜内侧直径最小处/环状侧壁内侧直径和取液件下部配合时的有效公差区间。
Figure PCTCN2017108584-appb-000002
结论：现有技术的取液件与防漏件配合公差范围值小于本发明的取液件与防漏件配合公差范围值，本发明的允许公差范围是现有技术的300％，生产要求较低，成品率高、产能高，大幅提高效率。
五、取液件与防漏件配合连接时所需推力试验
本发明配合结构和现有技术配合结构中，取液件下部外侧与防漏件配合后，公差在同一范围区间，本发明配合结构中，取液件下部与防漏件的环状封堵膜及片状封堵膜紧密配合；现有技术中取液件下部与封堵膜及封堵膜上方的通道壁配合。
第一步、测量出100支防漏件环状封堵膜内侧直径最小处的均值A；第二步、制备外径大于A0.15㎜用于和环状封堵膜内侧配合的取液件下部外侧壁；第三步、用指针式推拉力计(型号：NK-20)托住试管底部垂直向上推进与取液件下部外侧壁配合，配合完成后取配合过程中的推力最大值为连接时所需推力值，相同过程不同防漏件试验100次取均值；用以上相同方法测出现有技术与本发明，取液件下部与防漏件配合时所需推力。
Figure PCTCN2017108584-appb-000003
结论：现有技术中取液件与防漏件顺利配合所需的推力比采用本发明防漏件与取液件顺利配合所需的推力大。本发明所需的推力只有现有技术推力的48％，轻松便捷。
六、减少了取液件下部连接配合处直径的要求，减少了材料的使用量。
试验方法如下：在保证试管开口处内径不变的前提下，本发明的防漏件配合的取液件下部的外径与现有技术的防漏件配合的取液件下部的外径不同，将与本发明的防漏件和现有技术的防漏件配合的取液件下部分别从取液件上分离出来，确保分离出来的取液件下部等高。分别称重，本发明之取液件下部重量与现有技术之取液件下部重量之间的差值为减少了材料的使用量。
Figure PCTCN2017108584-appb-000004
结论：取液件下部在高度和壁厚相同的前提下，缩小连接配合处直径，等于减少了取液件下部的体积，减少连接配合处40％的材料使用量，故本发明的生产材料用量交现有技术少。
七、注塑成型周期和成品率的检测：
在配合相同的试管的情况下，由于本发明的取液件下部直径较现有技术取液件下部直径小。对现有技术和本发明取液件下部壁厚均匀度不同的产品模具(同个数)在同型号的注塑机台上进行优选工艺(预先把机台调试到合理的生产工艺)生产，生产5小时测每小时产量和每千只产品合格率。
Figure PCTCN2017108584-appb-000005
结论：因采用与本发明防漏件配合，取液件下部直径减小，使取液件下部的壁厚较现有技术取液件下部的壁厚均匀，故成品率高，成品率提高了14％，成型周期缩短了36％大幅提高了生产效率。
八、恢复性试验方法：
防漏件和试管开口部密封配合，防漏件外侧环状凸起和试管内侧壁凹槽配合固定，防漏件设有双层封堵膜，片状封堵膜位于环状封堵膜的下方。环状封堵膜上表面为倒置的截顶圆锥面，环状封 堵膜与环状侧壁形成向上夹角为43°，封堵膜最厚处厚度为0.9㎜，封堵膜材料为硅胶，硬度为50°，环状侧壁内径为12㎜，环状膜内侧直径最小处小于取液件下部配合处外径0.19-0.22㎜，取液件下部贯穿环状封堵膜和片状封堵膜，配合完毕后垂直向上拔出取液件，在拔出取液件的过程中环状封堵膜向上形变，拔出后观测形变的封堵膜能否自行恢复，每个宽度的封堵膜重复50次。
Figure PCTCN2017108584-appb-000006
结论：环状封堵膜宽度与环状侧壁内径的比例在小于35％时，取液件下部与环状封堵膜在分离过程中产生的形变在分离后基本都能自行恢复，比例大于35％时取液件下部与环状封堵膜在分离过程中产生的形变在分离后能自行恢复的比例大幅减小。
九、防漏件环状封堵膜恢复性试验：
防漏件和试管开口部密封配合，防漏件外侧环状凸起和试管内侧壁上凹槽配合固定，防漏件设有两处封堵膜，片状封堵膜位于环状封堵膜的下方。环状封堵膜上表面为倒置的截顶圆锥面封堵膜 最厚处厚度为离环状侧壁最近处，环状膜内侧直径最小处小于取液件下部配合处外径0.19㎜，取液件下部贯穿两处封堵膜，配合完毕后垂直向上拔出取液件，在拔出取液件的过程中环状封堵膜向上形变，拔出后见形变的封堵膜能否自行恢复，每个宽度的封堵膜重复50次。
Figure PCTCN2017108584-appb-000007
结论：环状封堵膜最厚处厚度和封堵膜宽度比例在大于37％时取液件下部与环状封堵膜在分离过程中产生的形变在分离后基本都能自行恢复，比例小于37％时取液件下部与环状封堵膜在分离过程中产生的形变在分离后能自行恢复的比例可提高30％以上，效果显著。
十、试管组件摔落试验：
防漏件和试管开口部密封配合，防漏件外侧环状凸起和试管内侧壁凹槽配合固定，环状封堵膜上表面为倒置的截顶圆锥面，所述封堵膜覆盖所述环状侧壁围合形成的通道的面积为通道横截面积的30％-60％。
将本发明(双层封堵膜)防漏件置于试管开口部，防漏件的环状封堵膜位于片状封堵膜上方，装配完成试管组件100支，保证防漏件与试管配合处密封，对环状封堵膜覆盖防漏件向通道面积不同比例的试管组件从高度50CM，试管处水平状态情况下，自由下落至其下方托盘，测出100支试管摔落后，100支试管里面有多少支的管内液体会流至防漏件外。
Figure PCTCN2017108584-appb-000008
结论：所述环状封堵膜覆盖所述环状侧壁围合形成的通道横截面积的比例大于41％时防漏效果比较好，在所述环状封堵膜覆盖所述环状侧壁围合形成的通道横截面积的比例大于40％时防漏效果可至少增强65％，效果显著。
十一、一体成型防漏件和分体成型防漏件成本对比
成本测算说明：分别以制备和装配10000个一体成型防漏件和分体成型防漏件为基准来计算整个制造和装配过程中产生的费用
Figure PCTCN2017108584-appb-000009
结论：一体成型防漏件的模具成本和单个产品成本只有分体成型防漏件对应成本的50％和49％，大幅降低了制造成本。
十二、一体成型防漏件和分体防漏件防漏性能对比
防漏性能试验说明：分别制备200支一体成型防漏件和对应的试管，200个分体成型防漏件(形成一体)和对应的试管，把防漏件装入8ml试管开口部，向试管中注入7ml液体(水)后垂直90度竖立在聚液盘内(试管开口部朝下)保持12小时，见试管内液体有无外泄。
注：一体成型防漏件和分体防漏件形状和尺寸相同
Figure PCTCN2017108584-appb-000010
结论：一体成型防漏件防漏性能明显优于分体防漏件，一体成型防漏能达到100％液体无外泄，相比分体式防漏件有6支外泄，有了显著进步。
虽然已经参考若干具体实施方式描述了本发明的精神和原理，但是应该理解，本发明并不限于所公开的具体实施方式，对各方面的划分也不意味着这些方面中的特征不能组合以进行受益，这种划分仅是为了表述的方便。本发明旨在涵盖所附权利要求的精神和范围内所包括的各种修改和等同布置。

Claims (38)

  1. 一种防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构，防漏件包括环状侧壁和封堵膜，所述封堵膜由所述环状侧壁向内延伸形成，取液件包括上部和下部，取液件上部用于液体采集，取液件下部与所述防漏件配合连接；所述防漏件与试管的开口部配合连接；其特征在于：所述防漏件为一体的，所述防漏件至少两处设有封堵膜，两处的所述封堵膜位于环状侧壁不同高度；所述取液件下部纵向穿插所述封堵膜并与所述防漏件紧密配合且不破坏所述封堵膜原有结构；当所述取液件和防漏件分离后，所述封堵膜可阻止所述试管内液体及封堵膜之间液体的外漏。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的配合结构，其特征在于：至少所述封堵膜之一为片状，片状封堵膜设有活动端和固定端，所述活动端和所述固定端为一体，所述固定端连接所述环状侧壁，所述活动端可相对所述固定端偏转。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的配合结构，其特征在于，至少所述封堵膜之一为环状，环状封堵膜的固定端连接于所述环状侧壁内侧面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的配合结构，其特征在于：所述封堵膜包括环状封堵膜和片状封堵膜；片状封堵膜设有活动端和固定端，所述活动端和所述固定端为一体，所述固定端连接所述环状侧壁，所述活动端可相对所述固定端偏转；环状封堵膜的固定端连接于所述环状侧壁内侧面；所述片状封堵膜位于所述环状封堵膜的上方或下方。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的配合结构，其特征在于：所述取液件下部与所述封堵膜紧密配合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的配合结构，其特征在于，所述取液件下部外侧面与环状封堵膜的内侧面紧密配合。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的配合结构，其特征在于，所述取液件下部外侧面与片状封堵膜的上表面紧密配合。
  8. 根据权利要求3或4所述的配合结构，其特征在于，环状封堵膜和所述环状侧壁内侧面形成纵向开口向下的凹槽；所述凹槽用于阻止滞留于所述防漏件内的液体外流。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的配合结构，其特征在于，所述凹槽的凹槽面为曲面。
  10. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的配合结构，其特征在于，所述防漏件最上方的所述封堵膜上方还设有通道，取液件下部外侧面与防漏件通道内侧壁紧密配合。
  11. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的配合结构，其特征在于，所述环状封堵膜覆盖所述环状侧壁围合形成的通道的面积不小于通道横截面积的40％。
  12. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的配合结构，其特征在于，所述封堵膜包括环状封堵膜，环状封堵膜的宽度不大于环状侧壁内径的35％。
  13. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的配合结构，其特征在于，所述封堵膜包括环状封堵膜，环状封堵膜的上表面为倒置的截顶圆锥面，所述环状封堵膜上表面直径自上而下减小。
  14. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的配合结构，其特征在于，所述封堵膜包括环状封堵膜，距离环状侧壁内侧面远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面近的环状封堵膜厚度。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的配合结构，其特征在于，所述封堵膜包括环状封堵膜，所述环状封堵膜的最厚处厚度大于所述环状封堵膜宽度的37％。
  16. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的配合结构，其特征在于，所述防漏件的环状侧壁外侧面上设有环状凸起，所述环状凸起由环状侧壁外侧面向外延伸形成，所述试管的开口部设有与环状凸起配合的环槽，所述防漏件置于所述试管的开口部，所述环状侧壁外侧面与试管内侧壁配合，且所述环状凸起与所述环槽配合。
  17. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的配合结构，其特征在于，两处封堵膜在环状侧壁上的间距不小于环状侧壁内径的35％。
  18. 一种防漏件，包括环状侧壁和封堵膜，所述封堵膜由所述环状侧壁向内延伸形成，其特征在于：所述防漏件至少两处设有封堵膜，所述封堵膜位于环状侧壁内侧面的不同高度处；所述防漏件为一体成型，在不破坏封堵膜的原有结构前提下物体可纵向贯穿封堵膜，所述环状侧壁外侧设有与试管配合用防脱落结构。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的防漏件，其特征在于，所述防脱落结构位于所述防漏件的上部，所述防脱落结构由环状侧壁外侧面向外延伸再向下延 伸形成。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的防漏件，其特征在于，所述防脱落结构为环状凸起，所述环状凸起由环状侧壁外侧面向外延伸形成。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的防漏件，其特征在于，所述环状凸起的外侧面为圆弧面或斜面。
  22. 根据权利要求18至21任一项所述的防漏件，其特征在于，所述封堵膜包括环状封堵膜及片状封堵膜，所述片状封堵膜设有活动端和固定端，所述活动端和所述固定端为一体，所述固定端与所述环状侧壁连接，所述活动端可相对所述固定端偏转；所述环状封堵膜的固定端与所述环状侧壁内侧面连接；所述环状封堵膜位于所述片状封堵膜的上方，所述环状封堵膜和所述环状侧壁内侧面形成纵向开口向下的凹槽；所述凹槽用于阻止滞留于所述防漏件内的液体外流。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的防漏件，其特征在于，所述凹槽处所述环状封堵膜与所述环状侧壁的夹角大于5°且小于90°。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的防漏件，其特征在于，所述环状封堵膜上方设有用于与取液件下部配合的通道。
  25. 根据权利要求22所述的防漏件，其特征在于，所述凹槽的凹槽面为曲面。
  26. 根据权利要求18至21任一项所述的防漏件，其特征在于，环状封堵膜的上表面为截顶圆锥面，所述环状封堵膜上表面直径自上而下减小。
  27. 根据权利要求18至21任一项所述的防漏件，其特征在于，环状封堵膜的宽度不大于环状侧壁内径的35％。
  28. 根据权利要求18至21任一项所述的防漏件，其特征在于，所述封堵膜包括环状封堵膜，距离环状侧壁内侧面远的环状封堵膜厚度小于距离环状侧壁内侧面近的环状封堵膜厚度。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的防漏件，其特征在于，所述环状封堵膜的最厚处厚度大于所述环状封堵膜的宽度的37％。
  30. 根据权利要求18至21任一项所述的防漏件，其特征在于，所述封堵膜包括环状封堵膜及片状封堵膜，所述环状封堵膜位于所述片状封堵膜的上方，环状侧壁上端面与所述环状封堵膜最高点在同一平面上。
  31. 根据权利要求18至21任一项所述的防漏件，其特征在于，所述封堵膜覆盖所述环状侧壁围合形成的通道的面积不小于通道横截面积的40％。
  32. 根据权利要求18至21任一项所述的防漏件，其特征在于，两处封堵膜在环状侧壁上的间距不小于环状侧壁内径的35％。
  33. 一种防漏件，包括环状侧壁和封堵膜，所述封堵膜由所述环状侧壁向内延伸形成，其特征在于：所述防漏件至少两处设有封堵膜，所述封堵膜位于环状侧壁内侧面的不同高度处；所述防漏件为一体成型，被位于上方的封堵膜覆盖的所述环状侧壁围合形成通道的横截面面积为a，被位于下方的封堵膜覆盖的所述环状侧壁围合形成通道的横截面面积为b，所述a小于所述b，物体在纵向贯穿所述封堵膜时不破坏所述封堵膜原有结构。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的防漏件，其特征在于：所述a不小于所述b的20％不大于所述乙98％。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的防漏件，其特征在于：所述a不小于所述b的55％不大于所述乙90％。
  36. 根据权利要求33至35任一项所述的防漏件，其特征在于：所述封堵膜包括环状封堵膜及片状封堵膜，所述片状封堵膜设有活动端和固定端，所述活动端和所述固定端为一体，所述固定端与所述环状侧壁连接，所述活动端可相对所述固定端偏转；所述环状封堵膜的固定端与所述环状侧壁内侧面连接；所述环状封堵膜位于所述片状封堵膜的上方。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的防漏件，其特征在于：所述片状封堵膜仅设有一个活动端，所述片状封堵膜覆盖所述环状侧壁围合形成通道的横截面面积不小于所述通道的横截面的70％。
  38. 根据权利要求36所述的防漏件，其特征在于：所述片状封堵膜至少设有3个活动端，且相邻两活动端之间的分割线的长度不大于通道直径35％。
PCT/CN2017/108584 2017-03-09 2017-10-31 防漏件与试管及取液件的配合结构及防漏件 WO2018161618A1 (zh)

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