WO2018161508A1 - 一种跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统 - Google Patents

一种跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统 Download PDF

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WO2018161508A1
WO2018161508A1 PCT/CN2017/099627 CN2017099627W WO2018161508A1 WO 2018161508 A1 WO2018161508 A1 WO 2018161508A1 CN 2017099627 W CN2017099627 W CN 2017099627W WO 2018161508 A1 WO2018161508 A1 WO 2018161508A1
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water
thermal power
heat
peaking
boiler
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PCT/CN2017/099627
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English (en)
French (fr)
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崔华
杨豫森
徐波
谭智
陈辉
展望
陈超
朱明志
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赫普热力发展有限公司
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Publication of WO2018161508A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018161508A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
    • F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/32—Heat sources or energy sources involving multiple heat sources in combination or as alternative heat sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electric power grid adjustment of power plants, in particular to the field of deep peak shaving of power plants in a thermal power plant for heating power plants in summer.
  • the internal peak regulation of power plants mainly relies on boiler de-loading or turbine bypass desuperheating and decompression heating, electric boilers and hot water storage tanks to realize the short-term decoupling of heat and power of heating units.
  • the biggest problem is these technologies and The electric boiler and the hot water tank itself are completely inoperable in summer. Therefore, in the summer, the thermal power plant cannot pass the electric boiler and the hot water tank for deep peak shaving, and due to the low load operation of the boiler, the desulfurization and denitration system will be discharged.
  • the prior art utilizes a soil source cold storage thermal storage system device to participate in peak shaving, such as the Chinese patent application No. 201620107121.0, which provides a soil source cold storage thermal storage system device for thermal power plant thermal peaking, including a conventional thermal power plant.
  • a soil source cold storage thermal storage system device for thermal power plant thermal peaking, including a conventional thermal power plant.
  • buried tube heat exchangers In addition to the necessary equipment for power generation and heating, Also included are buried tube heat exchangers, lithium bromide absorption heat pump units, and closed cooling towers.
  • the underground cooling capacity is first used to reduce the temperature of the circulating water of the cooling tower, and in the later stage, the cooling water is used to store the heat of the soil; in the winter, the lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit is used to extract the stored heat for the city concentration.
  • the heat supply provides heat
  • the closed cooling tower is used for cold storage.
  • the prior art combines the soil source cold storage heat storage and the absorption heat pump heat absorption heat release, the heat storage device used cannot meet the actual demand of adjustable power range, and the cost is high, and the system has poor heat storage capacity. And the problem of low peaking ability.
  • the invention can realize the deep peak peaking of the thermal power plant in summer by the operation flexibility technology of the thermal power generating unit and the electric heating technology of the electric boiler, and combined with the summer natural water body heat storage, thereby significantly improving the peaking ability of the thermal power generating unit in the summer. It can effectively alleviate the dilemma of renewable energy consumption, and can realize the large-scale cross-season heat storage of hot water supply. It will have broad market development prospects in the future.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a system for peaking thermal power plants in combination with natural water body heat storage and electrode boilers, including power plant wiring system, cross-season heat storage peaking
  • the system and the heating pipe network system, the cross-season heat storage peaking system comprises a trans-season natural water body system, a heat storage heat source system and a heat network water pipe connection system.
  • the inter-season natural water body system comprises a water storage pit, a water storage body, a water distributor, a protective layer and a cover layer.
  • the water storage pit is formed by civil engineering excavation, and the cross-sectional shape includes a trapezoid.
  • the bottom of the water storage pit and the surrounding bevel soil are leveled.
  • the water storage body comprises a natural water body having a water quality up to a primary heating cycle water standard, and the water volume is more than 30,000 tons.
  • the water distributor is disposed in the hot water storage body, and includes a vertical water-discharging device for charging and discharging heat, which can be used for water entering and leaving water and charging and discharging heat.
  • the protective layer is disposed at the bottom and the periphery of the water storage pit, including Insulation and waterproof insulation.
  • the cover layer is disposed on a surface of the water storage body, and includes a floating heat insulation cover layer.
  • the heat storage heat source system comprises a heat network heater and an electrode boiler system.
  • the electrode boiler system comprises a high voltage electrode connection, an electrode boiler body, a plate heat exchanger, a circulating water pump, a temperature control system, and a connecting pipe and a power grid.
  • the boiler in the electrode boiler system may be an electrode hot water boiler or an electrode steam boiler.
  • the electrode boiler body comprises a heat insulating layer and a boiler furnace body, and the heat insulating layer wraps the boiler furnace body.
  • the boiler body comprises an inlet and outlet insulating tube, a high voltage electrode, an electrode ceramic sleeve, a protective shield, a shield shield adjusting device, an aqueous electrolyte solution, and a servo mechanism, and the servo mechanism controls the heating power.
  • the high voltage electrode comprises a three phase high voltage electrode.
  • the protective shield includes a moving protection shield and an upper and lower protection shield.
  • the aqueous electrolyte solution fills the inside of the boiler body.
  • the electrode boiler system has a voltage level ranging from 6 to 35 kV, a power range of 0 to 90 MW, and a power level that is steplessly adjustable from 0% to 100%.
  • the thermal power plant can be operated at 0 to 50% load without stopping the furnace.
  • the hot water pipe connection system comprises a pipe connecting a plate heat exchanger, a heat network heater and a natural water system, a plurality of three-way, a water pump and a valve.
  • any one of the above solutions is that one of the three-way is located on the water outlet side of the central heating hot water pipe, one end is connected to the natural water body system, the other two ends are used as the inlet and the outlet of the hot water supply; the other three ends are connected to the electrode at one end.
  • the boiler system has the other ends as the inlet and outlet for the hot water supply.
  • the concentrated hot water is heated by the heat network heater first, and then enters the heating system combined with the electrode boiler system and the hot water storage body for secondary heating.
  • the above heating system belongs to a cross-season energy storage peaking system, and overcomes the prior art only the first stage heating of the heating network heater. Technical defects in deep peaking in summer cannot be achieved.
  • the electrode boiler system converts electrical energy into heat energy, and stores the heat energy in the hot water storage body in a season; during the winter heating period, the hot water circulating water system The heat energy stored in the hot water storage body is released, so that the cycle is repeated, and the heat supply of the thermal power plant can be greatly improved by the conversion of the electric energy heat energy and the heat supply of the hot water circulating water system, and the heating is guaranteed 100%. safety.
  • the core of the above-mentioned trans-seasonal heat storage peak-shaving system is a trans-seasonal water storage body and an electrode boiler system, which combines a thermal power plant and an electrode boiler into a large peak-shaving system through a trans-seasonal water storage body to achieve deep peak shaving in summer and Heating production in summer, and storing its heat in a large-scale self-heating water, it can significantly improve the on-grid peaking capacity of the thermal power unit and achieve deep peak peaking throughout the year, which can effectively alleviate the consumption of renewable energy. Difficulties, there is also a broad market development space.
  • the electrode boiler system can also be replaced by a solid type electric heat storage device, which is changed from a liquid electrode boiler system to a liquid type and solid type electric heat storage mixing system.
  • the solid electric heat storage peak-shaving device has the characteristics of high voltage, high power and heat storage, and the solid electric heat storage device has a large enough energy storage system to store energy during the nighttime and electricity valley period. Heating and power supply during the day, which simultaneously solves the problem of heating and wind power troughs.
  • the liquid electrode boiler system comprises one or more electrode boiler bodies and a primary circulation system and a connection thereof, and the liquid electrode boiler system refers to a device and a system for deep peak shaving using only a liquid type hot water storage device, mainly using an electrode boiler
  • the main body is the main equipment, and the electric energy and thermal energy are converted by using water as a regenerator and a working medium.
  • the liquid type and solid type electric heat storage mixing system comprises an electrode boiler body and a primary circulation system, a solid type electric heat storage device and a connection network thereof, and the system adopts an electrode type hot water heat storage device and a solid type electric heat storage device.
  • the system performs deep peak shaving.
  • the core equipment of this system is the electrode boiler body and the solid electric heat storage boiler. This system mainly considers the advantages of each type of electric boiler.
  • the electrode type solid electric heat storage boiler has a smooth voltage change and has little impact on the power grid, while the solid electric heat storage boiler has large heat storage capacity and small floor space.
  • the internal peak regulation of power plants mainly relies on boiler de-loading or turbine bypass desuperheating and decompression heating, electric boilers and hot water storage tanks to realize the short-term decoupling of heat and power of heating units.
  • the biggest problem is that these technologies and electric boilers and storage tanks are completely inoperable in summer. Therefore, in the summer, thermal power plants cannot pass the electric boiler and the hot water tank for deep peak shaving.
  • the invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
  • the summer thermal power flexibility peaking function can be realized, which can greatly improve the economic efficiency of the thermal power plant.
  • the heat storage cost per unit volume of natural water bodies in the trans-season is much lower than that of large-scale hot water storage tanks and other phase change energy storage technologies, and its safety is far greater than that of hot water storage tanks and phase change energy storage.
  • Natural water storage body and electrode boiler body can be used as the best emergency backup heat source to improve the reliability of heating.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a preferred embodiment of a system for peaking a thermal power plant in combination with a trans-seasonal natural water body heat storage and an electrode boiler in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of an electrode boiler body for a system for peaking a thermal power plant in combination with a trans-season natural water body heat storage and an electrode boiler.
  • 1-heat net heater 2-electrode boiler body, 3-plate heat exchanger, 4-three-way, 5-insulation and waterproof insulation, 6-water distributor, 7-water storage body, 8-floating Insulation overlay, 9-high voltage electrode, 10-protective shield.
  • a cross-season natural water body heat storage combined with an electrode boiler for peaking of a thermal power plant, including a power plant wiring system, a trans-seasonal heat storage peak shaving system, and a heating pipe network system, said inter-season storage
  • the thermal peaking system includes a trans-seasonal natural water system, a heat storage heat source system, and a heat network water pipe connection system.
  • the inter-season natural water body system includes a water storage pit, a hot water storage body 7, a water distributor, a protective layer, and a cover layer.
  • the water storage pit is formed by civil engineering excavation, and the cross-sectional shape includes a trapezoid.
  • the bottom of the water storage pit and the surrounding bevel soil are leveled.
  • the water storage body 7 includes a natural water body having a water quality up to a primary heating cycle water standard, and the water volume is more than 30,000 tons.
  • the water distributor is disposed in the hot water storage body 7, and includes a vertical water heater for charging and discharging heat, which can be used for water inlet and outlet water and heat and discharge.
  • the protective layer is disposed at the bottom and the periphery of the water storage pit, and includes a heat insulating and waterproof heat insulating layer 6.
  • the cover layer is disposed on the surface of the hot water storage body 7, and includes a floating thermal insulation cover layer 8.
  • the heat storage heat source system includes a heat network heater 1 and an electrode boiler system.
  • the electrode boiler system includes a high voltage electrode connection, an electrode boiler body, a plate heat exchanger 3, a circulating water pump, a temperature control system, a connecting pipe thereof, and a power grid.
  • the boiler in the electrode boiler system may be an electrode hot water boiler or an electrode steam boiler.
  • the electrode boiler body 2 includes a heat insulating layer and a boiler furnace body, and the heat insulating layer wraps the boiler furnace body.
  • the boiler body includes an inlet and outlet insulating tube, a high voltage electrode 9, and an electrode.
  • the porcelain casing, the protective shield 10, the protective shield adjusting device, the aqueous electrolyte solution and the servo mechanism control the heating power.
  • the high voltage electrode 9 includes a three-phase high voltage electrode.
  • the protective shield 10 includes a moving protection shield and an upper and lower protection shield.
  • the aqueous electrolyte solution is filled inside the boiler body.
  • the electrode boiler system has a voltage level range of 6 to 20 kV, a power range of 0 to 50 MW, and the power can be steplessly adjusted within a range of 0% to 100%. According to the selection of the capacity of the electrode boiler system, the thermal power plant can be operated at 0 to 50% load without stopping the furnace.
  • the hot water pipe connection system includes a pipe connecting the plate heat exchanger 3, the heat network heater 1 and the natural water system, a plurality of tees 4, a water pump and a valve.
  • one of the three-way 4 is located on the water outlet side of the central heating hot water pipe, one end is connected to the natural water body system, the other two ends are used as the inlet and the outlet of the hot water supply; the other three-way 4 is connected to the electrode at one end.
  • the boiler system has the other ends as the inlet and outlet for the hot water supply.
  • the concentrated hot water is heated by the heat network heater 1 and then enters the heating system of the electrode boiler system and the water storage body 7 for secondary heating.
  • the above heating system belongs to a cross-season energy storage peaking system, which overcomes the technical defects in the prior art that only the first stage heating of the heating network heater 1 can not realize the peak peaking in summer.
  • the electrode boiler body 2 converts electrical energy into heat energy, and stores the heat energy in the hot water storage body 7 in a season; during the winter heating period, the hot water circulating water system The heat energy stored in the hot water storage body 7 is released, and the cycle is repeated, and the heat supply of the thermal power plant can be greatly improved by the conversion of the electric energy heat energy and the heat supply of the hot water circulating water system, and the heating is ensured 100%. Security.
  • the core of the three systems of the above-mentioned trans-season heat storage peak-shaving system is the inter-seasonal water storage body 7 and the electrode boiler body 2, and the three systems are combined into one large peak-shaving system by the inter-seasonal water storage body 7.
  • Both the natural water storage body 7 and the electrode boiler body 2 can be used as an optimal emergency backup heat source to improve the reliability of heating.
  • This embodiment is the same as the system mechanism of the thermal power plant peak shaving combined with the trans-season natural water body heat storage and the electrode boiler described in Embodiment 1, except that one or several of the electrode boiler bodies are replaced with solid electricity.
  • the regenerative boiler forms a liquid and solid electric heat storage mixing system, and finally heats the hot water heated by the two electric boilers into the natural water body for heat storage.
  • the system comprises an electrode boiler body, a solid electric heat storage boiler and a connection network thereof.
  • the system adopts a system combining an electrode type hot water storage device and a solid type electric heat storage device for deep peak shaving, mainly considering two kinds of electricity.
  • the electrode type solid electric heat storage boiler has a smooth voltage change, and has little impact on the power grid, and the solid electric heat storage boiler has a large heat storage capacity and a small floor space.

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Abstract

一种跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，包括电厂接线系统、跨季节蓄热调峰系统、供热管网系统，该跨季节蓄热调峰系统包括跨季节自然水体系统、蓄热热源系统和热网水管道连接系统。

Description

一种跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统
本申请要求于2017年03月07日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710132312.1、发明名称为“一种跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及电厂上网电量调整领域，尤其涉及火力发电厂供热机组夏季电厂深度调峰领域。
背景技术
在中国三北地区电力市场容量富裕，燃机、抽水蓄能等可调峰电源稀缺，电网调峰与火电机组灵活性之间矛盾突出，电网消纳风电、光电及核电等新能源的能力不足，弃风现象严重。目前，随着东北电力辅助服务交易的实施，越来越多的热电厂通过火电灵活性技术实现了冬季的热电解耦和深度调峰。但在夏季，由于没有供热服务，无论是汽机旁路还是电锅炉等热电解耦和调峰方案，都无法实现。
目前电厂内部调峰在夏季主要依靠锅炉减负荷或汽机旁路减温减压供热、电锅炉和蓄热水罐储热等技术实现供热机组热电短期解耦来实现，此类技术虽然能达到一定的调峰作用，但是受锅炉及汽机安全性和技术本身的限制，以及大型蓄热水罐蓄热体积和安全性的限制，无法实现深度调峰的目的，最大的问题是这些技术和电锅炉及蓄热水罐本身，在夏季完全无法运行，因此一般热电厂在夏季是无法通过电锅炉和蓄热水罐进行深度调峰的，而且由于锅炉低负荷运行，会带来脱硫脱硝系统排放超标，锅炉熄火等一系列问题。另有现有技术利用土壤源蓄冷蓄热系统装置参与调峰，如申请号为201620107121.0的中国专利，提供了一种用于热电厂热调峰用的土壤源蓄冷蓄热系统装置，包括除传统热电厂发电及供热必备装置外， 还包括地埋管换热器，溴化锂吸收式热泵机组，闭式冷却塔。该现有技术中，夏季时先利用地下冷量降低冷却塔循环水的温度，后期利用冷却塔循环水对土壤进行蓄热；冬季时利用溴化锂吸收式热泵机组提取蓄存的热量，为城市集中供热提供热量，后期利用闭式冷却塔进行蓄冷。该现有技术虽结合了土壤源蓄冷蓄热以及吸收式热泵吸热放热，但是所使用的蓄热装置无法满足功率范围可调节的实际需求，而且成本较高，存在系统的储热能力差和调峰能力低的问题。
发明内容
为了满足电网调峰需求，以及电厂在激烈竞争中的生存需要，深度调峰势在必行。本发明通过火电供热机组运行灵活性技术及电锅炉区域供暖技术，并结合夏季的跨季节自然水体蓄热，可以实现夏季的火电厂深度调峰，从而显著提升热电机组夏季的上网调峰能力，既可有效缓解可再生能源消纳困境，又可以实现供热热水的大体量跨季节蓄热，未来必将拥有广阔的市场发展前景。
为了克服现有技术中存在的问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，包括电厂接线系统、跨季节蓄热调峰系统、供热管网系统，所述跨季节蓄热调峰系统包括跨季节自然水体系统、蓄热热源系统和热网水管道连接系统。
优选的是，所述跨季节自然水体系统包括蓄水坑、蓄热水体、布水器、保护层和覆盖层。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述蓄水坑为土木工程开挖形成，横切面形状包括梯形。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述蓄水坑底部和四周斜边土壤做平整处理。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述蓄热水体包括水质达一次供热循环水标准的自然水体，水量大于3万吨。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述布水器设置在蓄热水体中，包括充放热的立式布水器，可用于水体进出水和充放热。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述保护层设置于蓄水坑底部和四周，包括 保温和防水隔热层。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述覆盖层设置于蓄热水体表面，包括浮动式保温覆盖层。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述蓄热热源系统包括热网加热器和电极锅炉系统。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述电极锅炉系统包括高压电极接线、电极锅炉本体、板式换热器、循环水泵、温控系统及其连接管道和电网。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述电极锅炉系统中的锅炉可以是电极热水锅炉，也可是电极蒸汽锅炉。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述电极锅炉本体包括保温层和锅炉炉体，所述保温层包裹锅炉炉体。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述锅炉炉体包括进出水绝缘管、高压电极、电极瓷套管、保护盾、保护盾调整装置、电解质水溶液和伺服机构，所述伺服机构控制加热功率。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述高压电极包括三相高压电极。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述保护盾包括移动保护盾、上下部保护盾。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述电解质水溶液充满锅炉炉体内部。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述电极锅炉系统电压等级范围6～35kV，功率范围0～90MW，功率可在0％～100％范围内无级调节。根据电极锅炉系统容量的选择可以实现热电厂在不停机不停炉的工况下在0到50％的负荷运行。
上述任一方案优选的是，所述热网水管道连接系统包括连接板式换热器、热网加热器和自然水体系统的管路，多个三通、水泵及阀门。
上述任一方案优选的是，其中一个三通位于集中供热热水管路的出水侧，一端连接自然水体系统，另两端作为供热热水的入口和出口；另一个三通一端连接电极锅炉系统，另两端作为供热热水的入口和出口。
上述任一方案优选的是，集中供热热水经过热网加热器一级加热后，进入电极锅炉系统及蓄热水体结合的加热系统进行二级加热。上述加热系统属于跨季节储能调峰系统，克服了现有技术中只有热网加热器一级加热， 无法实现夏季深度调峰的技术缺陷。
上述任一方案优选的是，在夏季调峰时段，电极锅炉系统将电能转换为热能，并将此热能跨季节储存于蓄热水体中；在冬季供热期，通过热网循环水系统将蓄热水体中储存的热能释放出来，这样反复循环，通过电能热能的转换和热网循环水系统的供热输送，可以极大地提高热电厂的冬季供热能力，并且100％地保证供热的安全性。
上述跨季节蓄热调峰系统的核心为跨季节蓄热水体和电极锅炉系统，通过跨季节蓄热水体将热电厂和电极锅炉结合为一个大的调峰系统，实现夏季的深度调峰和夏季供热生产，并将其热量跨季节性地储存于大型自热水体之中，显著提升热电机组的上网调峰能力并实现全年的深度调峰，既可有效缓解可再生能源消纳困境，又有广阔的市场发展空间。
本发明中，电极锅炉系统也可替换为固体式电蓄热装置，由液体式电极锅炉系统变为液体式和固体式电蓄热混合系统。固体电蓄热调峰装置具有高电压、大功率、可蓄热的特点，而且固体电蓄热装置有足够大的蓄能系统，可以在夜间，用电低谷的时间段进行储能，而在白天进行供暖、供能，这一优点同时解决了供暖和风电低谷消纳的问题。液体式电极锅炉系统包括一个或多个电极锅炉本体及一次循环系统及其连接电网，液体式电极锅炉系统指仅采用液体式热水蓄热装置进行深度调峰的设备和系统，主要以电极锅炉本体为主要设备，以水作为蓄热体和工质进行电能和热能转换。液体式和固体式电蓄热混合系统包括电极锅炉本体及一次循环系统、固体式电蓄热装置及其连接电网，该系统采用电极式热水蓄热装置和固体式电蓄热装置相结合的系统进行深度调峰，此系统的核心设备为电极锅炉本体和固体式电蓄热锅炉。此系统主要综合考虑了两种电锅炉各自的优点，电极式固体电蓄热锅炉电压变化平滑，对电网冲击小，而固体电蓄热锅炉蓄热能力大，占地面积小。
目前电厂内部调峰在夏季主要依靠锅炉减负荷或汽机旁路减温减压供热、电锅炉和蓄热水罐储热等技术实现供热机组热电短期解耦来实现，此类技术虽然能达到一定的调峰作用，但是受锅炉及汽机安全性和技术本身的限制，以及大型蓄热水罐蓄热体积和安全性的限制，无法实现深度调峰 的目的，最大的问题是这些技术和电锅炉及蓄热水罐本身，在夏季完全无法运行，因此一般热电厂在夏季是无法通过电锅炉和蓄热水罐进行深度调峰的，结合上述说明本发明相比于现有技术具有以下优点：
1)通过引入跨季节自热水体结合电极锅炉本体，可以实现夏季的火电灵活性调峰功能，这样可大大提高热电厂的经济效益。而且跨季节自然水体的单位体积蓄热成本远远低于大型蓄热水罐和其他相变储能技术，其安全性也远大于蓄热水罐和相变储能。
2)适度配置电极锅炉本体，可以使机组达到最小发电负荷的情况下，上网电量趋近于0，基本上实现调峰时段没有上网负荷，达到深度调峰的目的，最大程度的为清洁能源让出上网空间，有效缓解可再生能源消纳困境。
3)自然蓄热水体和电极锅炉本体都可以作为最佳的应急备用热源，提高供热的可靠性。
4)随着调峰服务费、峰谷电价等政策的逐步落实，特别是未来电力现货市场的建立和负上网电价的出现，必然会促进热电厂的深度调峰需求，未来的市场发展空间将会越来越大。
附图说明
图1为按照本发明的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统的一优选实施例的示意图。
图2为本发明的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统的电极锅炉本体的一优选实施例的剖面图。
图示说明：
1-热网加热器，2-电极锅炉本体，3-板式换热器，4-三通，5-保温和防水隔热层，6-布水器，7-蓄热水体，8-浮动式保温覆盖层，9-高压电极，10-保护盾。
具体实施方式
为了更进一步了解本发明的发明内容，下面将结合具体实施例对本发 明作更为详细的描述，实施例只对本发明具有示例性作用，而不具有任何限制性的作用；任何本领域技术人员在本发明的基础上作出的非实质性修改，都应属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，包括电厂接线系统、跨季节蓄热调峰系统、供热管网系统，所述跨季节蓄热调峰系统包括跨季节自然水体系统、蓄热热源系统和热网水管道连接系统。
在本实施例中，所述跨季节自然水体系统包括蓄水坑、蓄热水体7、布水器、保护层和覆盖层。
在本实施例中，所述蓄水坑为土木工程开挖形成，横切面形状包括梯形。
在本实施例中，所述蓄水坑底部和四周斜边土壤做平整处理。
在本实施例中，所述蓄热水体7包括水质达一次供热循环水标准的自然水体，水量大于3万吨。
在本实施例中，所述布水器设置在蓄热水体7中，包括充放热的立式布水器，可用于水体进出水和充放热。
在本实施例中，所述保护层设置于蓄水坑底部和四周，包括保温和防水隔热层6。
在本实施例中，所述覆盖层设置于蓄热水体7表面，包括浮动式保温覆盖层8。
在本实施例中，所述蓄热热源系统包括热网加热器1和电极锅炉系统。
在本实施例中，所述电极锅炉系统包括高压电极接线、电极锅炉本体、板式换热器3、循环水泵、温控系统及其连接管道和电网。
在本实施例中，所述电极锅炉系统中的锅炉可以是电极热水锅炉，也可是电极蒸汽锅炉。
在本实施例中，所述电极锅炉本体2包括保温层和锅炉炉体，所述保温层包裹锅炉炉体。
在本实施例中，所述锅炉炉体包括进出水绝缘管、高压电极9、电极 瓷套管、保护盾10、保护盾调整装置、电解质水溶液和伺服机构，所述伺服机构控制加热功率。
在本实施例中，所述高压电极9包括三相高压电极。
在本实施例中，所述保护盾10包括移动保护盾、上下部保护盾。
在本实施例中，所述电解质水溶液充满锅炉炉体内部。
在本实施例中，所述电极锅炉系统电压等级范围6～20kV，功率范围0～50MW，功率可在0％～100％范围内无级调节。根据电极锅炉系统容量的选择可以实现热电厂在不停机不停炉的工况下在0到50％的负荷运行。
在本实施例中，所述热网水管道连接系统包括连接板式换热器3、热网加热器1和自然水体系统的管路，多个三通4、水泵及阀门。
在本实施例中，其中一个三通4位于集中供热热水管路的出水侧，一端连接自然水体系统，另两端作为供热热水的入口和出口；另一个三通4一端连接电极锅炉系统，另两端作为供热热水的入口和出口。
在本实施例中，集中供热热水经过热网加热器1一级加热后，进入电极锅炉系统及蓄热水体7结合的加热系统进行二级加热。上述加热系统属于跨季节储能调峰系统，克服了现有技术中只有热网加热器1一级加热，无法实现夏季深度调峰的技术缺陷。
在本实施例中，在夏季调峰时段，电极锅炉本体2将电能转换为热能，并将此热能跨季节储存于蓄热水体7中；在冬季供热期，通过热网循环水系统将蓄热水体7中储存的热能释放出来，这样反复循环，通过电能热能的转换和热网循环水系统的供热输送，可以极大地提高热电厂的冬季供热能力，并且100％地保证供热的安全性。
上述跨季节蓄热调峰系统的三个系统的核心为跨季节蓄热水体7和电极锅炉本体2设备，通过跨季节蓄热水体7将三个系统结合为一个大的调峰系统，实现夏季的深度调峰和夏季供热生产，并将其热量跨季节性地储存于大型自热水体之中，显著提升热电机组的上网调峰能力并实现全年的深度调峰，既可有效缓解可再生能源消纳困境，又有广阔的市场发展空间。
本发明相比于现有技术具有以下优点：
1)通过引入跨季节自热水体结合电极锅炉本体2，可以实现夏季的火 电灵活性调峰功能，这样可大大提高热电厂的经济效益。而且跨季节自然水体的单位体积蓄热成本远远低于大型蓄热水罐和其他相变储能技术，其安全性也远大于蓄热水罐和相变储能。
2)适度配置电极锅炉本体2，可以使机组达到最小发电负荷的情况下，上网电量趋近于0，基本上实现调峰时段没有上网负荷，达到深度调峰的目的，最大程度的为清洁能源让出上网空间，有效缓解可再生能源消纳困境。
3)自然蓄热水体7和电极锅炉本体2都可以作为最佳的应急备用热源，提高供热的可靠性。
4)随着调峰服务费、峰谷电价等政策的逐步落实，特别是未来电力现货市场的建立和负上网电价的出现，必然会促进热电厂的深度调峰需求，未来的市场发展空间将会越来越大。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统机构相同，所不同的是，将其中的一台或几台电极锅炉本体替换成固体电蓄热锅炉，形成液体式和固体式电蓄热混合系统，最终将两种电锅炉加热的热水打入自然水体蓄热。该系统包括电极锅炉本体、固体电蓄热锅炉及其连接电网，该系统采用电极式热水蓄热装置和固体式电蓄热装置相结合的系统进行深度调峰，主要综合考虑了两种电锅炉各自的优点，电极式固体电蓄热锅炉电压变化平滑，对电网冲击小，而固体电蓄热锅炉蓄热能力大，占地面积小。
尽管具体地参考其优选实施例来示出并描述了本发明，但本领域的技术人员可以理解，可以作出形式和细节上的各种改变而不脱离所附权利要求书中所述的本发明的范围。以上结合本发明的具体实施例做了详细描述，但并非是对本发明的限制。凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，包括电厂接线系统、跨季节蓄热调峰系统、供热管网系统，其特征在于：所述跨季节蓄热调峰系统包括跨季节自然水体系统、蓄热热源系统和热网水管道连接系统。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述跨季节自然水体系统包括蓄水坑、蓄热水体(7)、布水器(6)、水底保护层(5)和水体表面保温覆盖层(8)、雨水收集和排水系统。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述蓄水坑为土木工程开挖形成，横切面形状包括梯形。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述蓄水坑底部和四周斜边土壤做平整处理。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述蓄热水体(7)包括水质达一次供热循环水标准的自然水体，水量大于1万吨，水温最高温度低于85℃。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述布水器(6)设置在蓄热水体(7)中，包括充放热的立式布水器，可用于水体进出水和充放热。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述水底保护层(5)设置于蓄水坑底部和四周，包括保温和防水隔热层(5)。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述保温覆盖层(8)设置于蓄热水体(7)表面，包括浮动式保温覆盖层(8)。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述蓄热热源系统包括热网加热器(1)和 电极锅炉系统。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述电极锅炉系统包括高压电极接线、电极锅炉本体(2)、板式换热器(3)、循环水泵、温控系统及其连接管道、高压电网及接入系统。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述电极锅炉本体(2)包括锅炉保温层和锅炉炉体，所述锅炉保温层包裹锅炉炉体。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述锅炉炉体包括进出水绝缘管、高压电极(9)、电极瓷套管、保护盾(10)、保护盾调整装置、电解质水溶液和伺服机构，所述伺服机构控制加热功率。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述高压电极(9)包括三相高压电极。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述保护盾(10)包括移动保护盾、上下部保护盾。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述电解质水溶液充满锅炉炉体内部。
  16. 根据权利要求9所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述电极锅炉系统电压等级范围6～20kV，功率范围0～50MW，功率可在0％～100％范围内无级调节。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：所述热网水管道连接系统包括连接板式换热器(3)、热网加热器(1)和自然水体系统的管路，多个三通(4)、水泵及阀门。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：其中一个三通(4)位于集中供热热水管路的出水侧，一端连接自然水体系统，另两端作为供热热水的入口和出口； 另一个三通(4)一端连接电极锅炉系统，另两端作为供热热水的入口和出口。
  19. 根据权利要求1-18所述的任意一项的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：集中供热热水经过热网加热器(1)一级加热后，进入电极锅炉系统及蓄热水体(7)结合的加热系统进行二级加热。
  20. 根据权利要求1-18所述的任意一项的跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统，其特征在于：在夏季调峰时段，电极锅炉系统将电能转换为热能，并将此热能跨季节储存于蓄热水体(7)中；在冬季供热期，通过热网循环水系统将蓄热水体(7)中储存的热能释放出来用于供热。
PCT/CN2017/099627 2017-03-07 2017-08-30 一种跨季节自然水体蓄热和电极锅炉结合进行火电厂调峰的系统 WO2018161508A1 (zh)

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