WO2018159294A1 - Strength inspection device, strength inspection method, and inner surface scratching method and inner surface scratching device for producing adjustment glass bottle - Google Patents

Strength inspection device, strength inspection method, and inner surface scratching method and inner surface scratching device for producing adjustment glass bottle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018159294A1
WO2018159294A1 PCT/JP2018/005078 JP2018005078W WO2018159294A1 WO 2018159294 A1 WO2018159294 A1 WO 2018159294A1 JP 2018005078 W JP2018005078 W JP 2018005078W WO 2018159294 A1 WO2018159294 A1 WO 2018159294A1
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Prior art keywords
inspection
strength
glass bottle
load
unit
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PCT/JP2018/005078
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
穣 浅野
祥平 堀内
義之 湯淺
洋一 田所
原田　崇
悠貴 伊藤
Original Assignee
東洋製罐グループホールディングス株式会社
東洋ガラス株式会社
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Priority claimed from JP2017040207A external-priority patent/JP2018146324A/en
Priority claimed from JP2017097299A external-priority patent/JP6865098B2/en
Application filed by 東洋製罐グループホールディングス株式会社, 東洋ガラス株式会社 filed Critical 東洋製罐グループホールディングス株式会社
Publication of WO2018159294A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018159294A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/50—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece
    • B23K26/53—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece for modifying or reforming the material inside the workpiece, e.g. for producing break initiation cracks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C23/00—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/21—Polarisation-affecting properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/90—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an intensity inspection apparatus, an intensity inspection method, an inner surface scratching method for manufacturing an adjustment glass bottle, and an inner surface scratching apparatus for inspecting an intensity by transmitting polarized light through an inspection object.
  • Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, etc. are removed by breaking with a load with a glass bottle of a predetermined strength or less, so glass bottles with reduced strength parts are reliably removed. Although it is possible to do so, broken glass bottle fragments may be scattered and mixed into other glass bottles or damaged. In addition, processing equipment that completely removes glass bottle fragments and residues to eliminate the influence on the transportation equipment was required. Further, the strength inspection apparatus known in Patent Document 4 and the like can inspect the permanent distortion (residual stress) of the glass bottle non-destructively, but cannot detect a reduced strength portion due to impurities or scratches. It was.
  • the strength tester can be adjusted according to the type of glass bottle, according to the required strength to be determined, or to correct the error of the strength tester itself, prior to the strength test, or at predetermined timings. Need to be done.
  • an adjustment glass bottle having a known scratch is separately prepared and set in the strength inspection device (flowed to the line), and adjusted.
  • different adjustment glass bottles are produced and adjustment work is required, which is very troublesome. In particular, it was difficult to produce an adjustment glass bottle having scratches on the inner surface of the glass bottle.
  • the present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a strength inspection apparatus and a strength inspection method capable of detecting an object to be inspected that is non-destructive and has a reduced strength portion. It is an object of the present invention to provide an inner surface scratching method and an inner surface scratching device that can easily produce an adjustment glass bottle having scratches on the inner surface and facilitate adjustment of a strength inspection device.
  • An intensity inspection apparatus is an intensity inspection apparatus that transmits polarized light to an inspection object and inspects the intensity
  • the intensity inspection apparatus includes a support unit that supports the inspection object, a light source, and a polarization
  • An optical system unit composed of an optical element and an analyzer, and a load generating unit that applies a load to the object to be inspected, and inspected by transmitting polarized light to the object to be inspected while the load is applied to the object to be inspected.
  • An intensity inspection method is an intensity inspection method for inspecting intensity by transmitting polarized light to an object to be inspected, the object being supported by a support unit and supported by the support unit.
  • the inner surface scratching method according to the present invention is an inner surface scratching method for producing an adjustment glass bottle used for adjustment of a strength inspection device, and irradiates a laser beam from the outer surface side of the glass bottle to condense inside the glass. And the said subject is solved by making the damage
  • An internal surface scratching apparatus according to the present invention is an internal surface scratching apparatus used in the above-described internal surface scratching method, and includes a support unit for holding a glass bottle, a laser oscillator, and a laser irradiated from the laser oscillator. By providing an optical system unit that guides light, the above-described problems are solved.
  • an optical system unit having a light source, a polarizer, an analyzer, and an imaging unit in a state where a load is applied to an object to be inspected.
  • the optical system unit observes a light and dark distribution different from that when a load is applied to the object to be inspected without scratches and impurities. It is possible to detect scratches and impurities. In addition, even when there are deposits, the optical system unit can observe a light and dark distribution different from that of the test object without deposits, and the deposits can be detected. .
  • the load generating unit applies the load in the direction perpendicular to the light direction of the optical system unit, so that the strength-decreasing portion can be more reliably optically applied. Can be detected.
  • the load generated by the load generating unit is 50% or less of the compressive strength of the test object, so that the test object has a reduced strength portion. Even in this case, the object to be inspected can be prevented from being destroyed by the load for inspection.
  • the polarizer and the analyzer are arranged so that the polarization axes are 90 °, the light is normally blocked and a load is applied to the object to be inspected. Because the internal stress is rotated and brightened by the internal stress, and the internal stress is concentrated and particularly brightly detected at the place where scratches and impurities are present, it can be reliably detected as a reduced strength portion.
  • the support unit is arranged in the conveyance line of the inspection object to be continuously conveyed, whereby a plurality of inspection objects can be inspected continuously. it can.
  • the object to be inspected is a glass bottle
  • the support unit supports the bottom of the glass bottle
  • the load generating unit applies a load in the bottom direction from the mouth of the glass bottle
  • a large load can be applied from the direction in which the strength limit of the glass bottle is high, and the strength-decreasing portion can be detected more reliably.
  • the inspection object is continuously conveyed, the strength reduction portion of the inspection object is detected on the support unit, and the non-defective product is determined according to the detected state of the strength reduction portion.
  • the glass bottle is irradiated with laser light from the outer surface side of the glass bottle to be condensed inside the glass, and the inspection scratches are made by the thermal energy of the condensing part. Because it is possible to produce an adjustment glass bottle by scratching the inner surface without inserting an article into the bottle, the adjustment glass bottle can be easily produced, and the glass bottle is strength-inspected. Since the inner surface can be scratched even in the immediate vicinity or set state of the device, the strength inspection device can be easily adjusted.
  • the inspection flaw can function as an accurate concentration point of internal stress.
  • the accuracy of the adjustment glass bottle is improved.
  • the strength inspection apparatus can perform adjustment under a plurality of different conditions with a single adjustment glass bottle in the non-destructive strength inspection. The adjustment work becomes easier.
  • the glass bottle has a supporting unit for holding the glass bottle, a laser oscillator, and an optical system unit for guiding the laser light emitted from the laser oscillator.
  • Laser light is irradiated from the outer surface, the laser light is transmitted through the glass bottle and condensed on the inner surface, and it becomes possible to damage the inspection by the thermal energy of the light collecting part.
  • the laser oscillator and the optical system unit are arranged on the outer surface side of the glass bottle designated by the support unit, whereby the article is inserted into the glass bottle. It is possible to produce a glass bottle for adjustment by scratching the inner surface without inspection.
  • the support unit also serves as the support unit of the strength inspection device, so that the glass bottle is set in the strength inspection device and the inner surface is scratched for adjustment. A glass bottle can be produced, and the adjustment of the strength inspection apparatus is further facilitated.
  • the strength inspection apparatus 100 includes a support unit, an optical system unit, and a load generation unit.
  • the support unit is capable of moving up and down and pressing the mouth of the bottle B, which is the object to be inspected, in the bottom direction.
  • the support unit has a rectangular unit main body 113 with two side surfaces open, the bottom support base 111 is disposed on the bottom inner surface of the unit main body 113, and the mouth pressing portion 112 is connected to the unit main body 113.
  • the optical system unit may be fixedly disposed at a position where each pocket of the transport turret can pass.
  • the optical system unit has a light source 121, a polarizer 122, and a 1 ⁇ 4 wavelength plate 123 on one side of the bottle B placed on the bottom support base 111, and opposite side surfaces.
  • 4 includes a quarter-wave plate 125, an analyzer 124, and an imaging camera 126 that is an imaging unit (only the arrangement is shown in the figure for simplification).
  • the load generating unit 130 is disposed above the mouth pressing portion 112 and is configured to apply a load by pressing the mouth of the bottle B toward the bottom by the mouth pressing portion 112. Yes.
  • the load generating unit 130 uses an air cylinder with a cylinder diameter of 80 mm, and is operated at an air pressure of 0.8 MPa so as to generate a load of 4 kN, which is 50% of the guaranteed load value in the vertical direction of the bottle B. It is configured.
  • the polarizer 122 and the analyzer 124 are configured by linearly polarizing plates, and have a quarter-wave plate 123 after the polarizer 122, so that light passing through the bottle B is converted into circularly polarized light. Since the quarter wavelength plate 125 is provided in front of the analyzer 124, the light that has passed through the bottle B is returned to linearly polarized light and imaged by the imaging camera 126. This makes it possible to detect the reduced strength portion more reliably regardless of the shape and directionality of the scratches and impurities.
  • the polarizer 122 and the analyzer 124 are arranged so that the polarization axes are 90 °, so that the bottle B passes through the bottle B as it is when there is no distortion due to internal stress or the like. Thus, the light from the light source 121 is blocked by the polarizer 122 and the analyzer 124 and does not reach the imaging camera 126.
  • the quarter wavelength plate 123 and the quarter wavelength plate 125 may be omitted, and the bottle B may be allowed to pass through with linear polarization, and the polarization axes of the polarizer 122 and the analyzer 124 are set to the same phase, and the bottle B If there is no distortion due to internal stress or the like, the bottle B may be passed through as it is, and the light from the light source 121 may reach the imaging camera 126 without being blocked.
  • non-destructive strength inspection in all directions of the glass bottle may be performed by using a plurality of optical system units or by appropriately moving the bottle such as rotating and swinging. Furthermore, when arranging in the conveyance line of the inspection object to be continuously conveyed, an apparatus for removing bottle B determined as a defective product out of the conveyance path is arranged downstream of the optical system unit. May be.
  • FIG. 2 shows an image of the imaging camera 126 when the bottle B does not have a reduced strength portion due to impurities or scratches.
  • the light passing through the polarizer 122 and the quarter-wave plate 123 is polarized by the bottle B in an unloaded state where no load is applied by the load generating unit 130.
  • the image is captured by the quarter-wave plate 125 and the analyzer 124, and the image of the imaging camera 126 is very dark as shown in the leftmost part of the photograph, and almost nothing is captured.
  • the internal stress concentrates on the shoulder and bottom, and on the shoulder, so the strain increases as the load increases, and the optical rotation of light passing through that portion in proportion to the magnitude of the strain
  • the amount increases, the amount of light passing through the quarter-wave plate 125 and the analyzer 124 increases, and the image of the imaging camera 126 becomes brighter as the load increases.
  • FIG. 3 shows an image of the imaging camera 126 in the case where there is a reduced strength portion due to scratches on the inner surface of the shoulder portion of the bottle B.
  • the load generating unit 130 In the unloaded state where no load is applied by the load generating unit 130, there is no distortion due to internal stress or the like in the scratched part, and therefore, as shown on the left in FIG. Neither appears in the camera 126 image.
  • a cylinder pressure of 0.8 MPa corresponding to a load of 4 kN which is 50% of the load guarantee value in the vertical direction of bottle B
  • distortion due to internal stress is generated on the whole because of the shoulder, and it becomes brighter.
  • the internal stress is applied differently in the scratched part, different distortion occurs.
  • the scratched part is clearly shown in the image of the imaging camera 126 due to the difference in brightness from the surroundings.
  • the shape can be discriminated. By determining this with a known image processing system or the like, it can be detected as a reduced strength portion of bottle B.
  • FIG. 4 shows an image of the imaging camera 126 in the case where foreign matter is present in the bottle B body.
  • the load generating unit 130 In the unloaded state in which no load is applied by the load generating unit 130, as shown on the left of FIG. 4, although slight distortion can be confirmed, there is a variation in internal distortion that does not hinder the use, or foreign matter that can become a reduced strength part. It cannot be determined whether it exists.
  • a cylinder pressure of 0.8 MPa (corresponding to a load of 4 kN which is 50% of the guaranteed load value in the vertical direction of bottle B) is applied to the load generating unit 130, the strain direction due to the presence of foreign matter is changed as shown on the right side of FIG. It can be confirmed from the image of the imaging camera 126 that the image changes or becomes a large distortion. By determining this with a known image processing system or the like, it can be detected as a reduced strength portion of bottle B.
  • the laser light emitted from the laser oscillator is irradiated from the outer surface side of the glass bottle through the optical system unit to be condensed inside the glass, and the glass bottle is heated by the heat energy of the condensing part. Scratches that do not reach the outer surface.
  • the condensing positions are set at five locations that differ by 100 ⁇ m in the height direction of the glass bottle and differ by 50 ⁇ m in the thickness direction of the glass bottle.
  • the laser beam irradiation energy was 1000 ⁇ J for each processing, and processing was performed with a single irradiation pulse. Note that the positions of the outer surface and the inner surface of the illustrated glass bottle are not accurate, and are shown in the drawing for the sake of explanation.
  • the irradiation energy and the number of irradiation pulses may be different. It is also possible to set so that no flaws appear on the inner surface and portions with different stress distributions exist in the glass due to thermal energy. Further, the same conditions may be used at a plurality of different condensing positions in a portion where the shape of the glass bottle such as the shoulder portion or the hem portion changes or the thickness is not uniform.
  • the color of the glass bottle for adjustment produced by this invention does not have a restriction
  • the glass bottle for adjustment in which the shoulder portion, the trunk portion, and the bottom portion of the round glass bottle shown in the leftmost part of FIG. 1 was produced.
  • the test was carried out using The test results are shown in Table 1.
  • the conventional strength inspection apparatus used for the test is specifically HST1000 manufactured by M Heart Glass, and the air pressure value set in the test is 0.18 MPa.
  • the shoulder and hem are designed to have a slightly larger diameter than the other parts, and the shoulder and hem are the same as the pressure pad 3 and the screen in the strength tester. It becomes a contact part with the ether foil 4 and a strong stress is generated. For this reason, if there is a scratch or a foreign substance on the inner surface of the contact portion, cracking occurs starting from that portion. On the other hand, since the body portion does not become a contact portion between the press pad 3 and the squeezer wheel 4 of the strength inspection device, the generated stress is weaker than the shoulder portion and the skirt portion. Accordingly, no significant reduction in strength occurs in the glass bottle with the barrel damaged.
  • produced is excluded by falling, when passing the transporter 5 which hold

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a strength inspection device and a strength inspection method with which it is possible to non-destructively detect an inspection object in which a reduced-strength part is present, and also to provide an inner surface scratching method and an inner surface scratching device with which it is possible to easily produce an adjustment glass bottle having a scratch on the inner surface of a glass bottle and which facilitates adjustment of the strength inspection device. The present invention involves: supporting an inspection object object using a support unit, applying a load to the inspection object supported by the support unit, and detecting a reduced-strength part of the inspection object by transmission of light polarized by an optical system unit that comprises a light source, a polarization element, and a light detection element in a state in which the load is applied to the inspection object; and radiating laser light from the outer-surface side of a glass bottle, condensing the laser light on a glass inner part, and forming a scratch that does not pass through to the outer surface of the glass bottle by using thermal energy from a light-condensing unit.

Description

強度検査装置、強度検査方法、調整用ガラスびんを作製する内面加傷方法及び内面加傷装置Strength inspection device, strength inspection method, inner surface scratching method and inner surface scratching device for producing glass bottle for adjustment
　被検査物に偏光した光を透過させて強度を検査する強度検査装置、強度検査方法、調整用ガラスびんを作製する内面加傷方法及び内面加傷装置に関する。 [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an intensity inspection apparatus, an intensity inspection method, an inner surface scratching method for manufacturing an adjustment glass bottle, and an inner surface scratching apparatus for inspecting an intensity by transmitting polarized light through an inspection object.
　従来、ガラスびん等においては、僅かな傷や不純物による強度低下部が存在すると破損する危険が大きいため、ガラスびんの洗浄、充填、梱包等の搬送ラインにおいて、強度低下部が存在するガラスびんを判別して除去する必要があった。
　例えば、コンベヤ上を流れるガラスびんに所定の荷重を加えて破壊することで、強度を検査する強度検査装置が公知である（特許文献１、２、３等参照）。
　また、ガラスびんの製造時に発生した永久歪み（残留応力）による強度低下部が存在するものに関しては、偏光した光を透過させて非破壊で検査する強度検査装置が公知（特許文献４等参照）である。
　また、これらの強度検査装置を使用して、ガラスびんの良、不良を判別するためには、リファレンスとなる既知の傷を有する調整用ガラスびんを使用して、強度検査装置を調整する必要がある。 Conventionally, in glass bottles and the like, if there is a weakened part due to slight scratches or impurities, there is a high risk of breakage, so in a conveyance line for cleaning, filling, packing, etc. of glass bottles, It was necessary to determine and remove it.
For example, a strength inspection device that inspects strength by applying a predetermined load to a glass bottle flowing on a conveyor to break it is known (see Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, etc.).
Also, a strength inspection apparatus that transmits non-destructive light by transmitting polarized light is known for those having a strength-decreasing portion due to permanent distortion (residual stress) generated during the manufacture of glass bottles (see Patent Document 4 and the like). It is.
In addition, in order to determine whether a glass bottle is good or bad by using these strength inspection apparatuses, it is necessary to adjust the strength inspection apparatus using an adjustment glass bottle having a known scratch as a reference. is there.
実公昭５６－０５３３１３号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-053313 特公平０２－０４８０５１号公報Japanese Patent Publication No. 02-048051 特許４０９２３７５号公報Japanese Patent No. 4092375 特許４８８６７４１号公報Japanese Patent No. 48886741
　特許文献１、２、３等で公知の強度検査装置は、所定の強度以下のガラスびんを加えた荷重によって破壊することで除去しているため、強度低下部が存在するガラスびんを確実に除去することが可能ではあるが、破壊されたガラスびんの破片が飛散し、他のガラスびんの内部に混入したり、損傷させる虞があった。
　また、搬送機器類への影響を排除するための、ガラスびんの破片や残留物を完全に取り除く処理機器類が必要であった。
　また、特許文献４等で公知の強度検査装置は、非破壊でガラスびんの永久歪み（残留応力）を検査することは可能ではあるが、不純物や傷による強度低下部を検出することはできなかった。 Known strength inspection devices in Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, etc. are removed by breaking with a load with a glass bottle of a predetermined strength or less, so glass bottles with reduced strength parts are reliably removed. Although it is possible to do so, broken glass bottle fragments may be scattered and mixed into other glass bottles or damaged.
In addition, processing equipment that completely removes glass bottle fragments and residues to eliminate the influence on the transportation equipment was required.
Further, the strength inspection apparatus known in Patent Document 4 and the like can inspect the permanent distortion (residual stress) of the glass bottle non-destructively, but cannot detect a reduced strength portion due to impurities or scratches. It was.
　さらに強度検査装置の調整は、ガラスびんの種類に応じて、判定すべき必要な強度に応じて、あるいは、強度検査装置自体の誤差を修正するため、強度検査に先駆け、あるいは、所定のタイミング毎に行う必要がある。
　特許文献１、２、３等で公知の強度検査装置では、既知の傷を有する調整用ガラスびんを別途作成して強度検査装置にセットして（ラインに流して）調整することとなるが、異なる条件で調整する際には異なる調整用ガラスびんを作製して調整作業を行うこととなり非常に手間がかかるという問題があった。
　特に、ガラスびんの内面に傷を有する調整用ガラスびんを作製するのは困難であった。 In addition, the strength tester can be adjusted according to the type of glass bottle, according to the required strength to be determined, or to correct the error of the strength tester itself, prior to the strength test, or at predetermined timings. Need to be done.
In known strength inspection devices in Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, etc., an adjustment glass bottle having a known scratch is separately prepared and set in the strength inspection device (flowed to the line), and adjusted. When adjusting under different conditions, different adjustment glass bottles are produced and adjustment work is required, which is very troublesome.
In particular, it was difficult to produce an adjustment glass bottle having scratches on the inner surface of the glass bottle.
　本発明は、前述のような課題を解決するものであり、非破壊で強度低下部が存在する被検査物を検出することが可能な強度検査装置及び強度検査方法を提供するとともに、ガラスびんの内面に傷を有する調整用ガラスびんを容易に作製することができ、強度検査装置の調整が容易となる内面加傷方法及び内面加傷装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a strength inspection apparatus and a strength inspection method capable of detecting an object to be inspected that is non-destructive and has a reduced strength portion. It is an object of the present invention to provide an inner surface scratching method and an inner surface scratching device that can easily produce an adjustment glass bottle having scratches on the inner surface and facilitate adjustment of a strength inspection device.
　本発明に係る強度検査装置は、被検査物に偏光した光を透過させて強度を検査する強度検査装置であって、前記強度検査装置は、被検査物を支持する支持ユニットと、光源と偏光子と検光子からなる光学系ユニットと、被検査物に荷重を加える荷重発生ユニットを有し、前記被検査物に荷重を加えた状態で、被検査物に偏光した光を透過させて被検査物の強度低下部を検出することにより、前記課題を解決するものである。
　また、本発明に係る強度検査方法は、被検査物に偏光した光を透過させて強度を検査する強度検査方法であって、支持ユニットで被検査物を支持し、支持ユニットに支持された被検査物に荷重を加え、前記被検査物に荷重を加えた状態で、光源と偏光子と検光子からなる光学系ユニットによって偏光した光を透過させて被検査物の強度低下部を検出することにより、前記課題を解決するものである。 An intensity inspection apparatus according to the present invention is an intensity inspection apparatus that transmits polarized light to an inspection object and inspects the intensity, and the intensity inspection apparatus includes a support unit that supports the inspection object, a light source, and a polarization An optical system unit composed of an optical element and an analyzer, and a load generating unit that applies a load to the object to be inspected, and inspected by transmitting polarized light to the object to be inspected while the load is applied to the object to be inspected The above-mentioned problem is solved by detecting the strength reduction portion of the object.
An intensity inspection method according to the present invention is an intensity inspection method for inspecting intensity by transmitting polarized light to an object to be inspected, the object being supported by a support unit and supported by the support unit. In a state where a load is applied to the inspection object and the load is applied to the inspection object, light that has been polarized by an optical system unit including a light source, a polarizer, and an analyzer is transmitted to detect a reduced intensity portion of the inspection object. Thus, the problem is solved.
　本発明に係る内面加傷方法は、強度検査装置の調整に用いる調整用ガラスびんを作製する内面加傷方法であって、ガラスびんの外表面側からレーザー光を照射してガラス内部に集光し、集光部の熱エネルギーによって、ガラスびんの外表面には到達しない傷をつけることにより、前記課題を解決するものである。
　また、本発明に係る内面加傷装置は、前述の内面加傷方法に使用する内面加傷装置であって、ガラスびんを保持する支持ユニットと、レーザー発振器と、前記レーザー発振器から照射されるレーザー光を導く光学系ユニットとを有することにより、前記課題を解決するものである。 The inner surface scratching method according to the present invention is an inner surface scratching method for producing an adjustment glass bottle used for adjustment of a strength inspection device, and irradiates a laser beam from the outer surface side of the glass bottle to condense inside the glass. And the said subject is solved by making the damage | wound which does not reach the outer surface of a glass bottle with the heat energy of a condensing part.
An internal surface scratching apparatus according to the present invention is an internal surface scratching apparatus used in the above-described internal surface scratching method, and includes a support unit for holding a glass bottle, a laser oscillator, and a laser irradiated from the laser oscillator. By providing an optical system unit that guides light, the above-described problems are solved.
　本請求項１に係る強度検査装置及び本請求項７に係る強度検査方法によれば、被検査物に荷重を加えた状態で、光源、偏光子、検光子及び撮像部を有する光学系ユニットによって偏光した光を透過させて被検査物の強度低下部を検出することにより、製造時に発生した永久歪み（残留応力）はないものの、傷や不純物が存在することで破損の要因となる強度低下部を、非破壊で光学的に検出することができ、また、付着物等が存在した場合も光学的に検出することが可能となる。
　すなわち、被検査物に荷重を加えることによって傷や不純物に内部応力が集中し、光学系ユニットによって、傷や不純物が存在しない被検査物に荷重を加えた場合とは異なる明暗の分布を観測することができ、傷や不純物を検出することが可能となる。
　また、付着物等が存在する場合にも、光学系ユニットによって、付着物等が存在しない被検査物とは異なる明暗の分布を観測することができ、付着物等を検出することが可能となる。 According to the intensity inspection apparatus according to claim 1 and the intensity inspection method according to claim 7, an optical system unit having a light source, a polarizer, an analyzer, and an imaging unit in a state where a load is applied to an object to be inspected. By detecting the strength reduction part of the object to be inspected by transmitting polarized light, there is no permanent distortion (residual stress) generated at the time of manufacturing, but the strength reduction part causes damage due to the presence of scratches and impurities. Can be detected non-destructively optically, and it is also possible to optically detect the presence of a deposit or the like.
In other words, internal stress is concentrated on scratches and impurities when a load is applied to the object to be inspected, and the optical system unit observes a light and dark distribution different from that when a load is applied to the object to be inspected without scratches and impurities. It is possible to detect scratches and impurities.
In addition, even when there are deposits, the optical system unit can observe a light and dark distribution different from that of the test object without deposits, and the deposits can be detected. .
　本請求項２及び本請求項８に記載の構成によれば、荷重発生ユニットが、前記光学系ユニットの光の方向と直交する方向に荷重を加えることにより、より確実に強度低下部を光学的に検出することができる。
　本請求項３及び本請求項１０に記載の構成によれば、荷重発生ユニットが発生する荷重が、被検査物の圧縮強度の５０％以下であることにより、被検査物に強度低下部が存在する場合でも、検査用の荷重によって被検査物が破壊することを防止することができる。
　本請求項４に記載の構成によれば、偏光子と検光子の偏光軸が９０°となるように配置されていることにより、通常は光が遮断され、被検査物に荷重をかけた際に内部応力により旋光して明るくなり、傷や不純物が存在する場所に内部応力が集中して特に明るく検知されるため、強度低下部として確実に検出することができる。 According to the configuration of the present invention, the load generating unit applies the load in the direction perpendicular to the light direction of the optical system unit, so that the strength-decreasing portion can be more reliably optically applied. Can be detected.
According to the configurations of claims 3 and 10, the load generated by the load generating unit is 50% or less of the compressive strength of the test object, so that the test object has a reduced strength portion. Even in this case, the object to be inspected can be prevented from being destroyed by the load for inspection.
According to the configuration of the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the polarizer and the analyzer are arranged so that the polarization axes are 90 °, the light is normally blocked and a load is applied to the object to be inspected. Because the internal stress is rotated and brightened by the internal stress, and the internal stress is concentrated and particularly brightly detected at the place where scratches and impurities are present, it can be reliably detected as a reduced strength portion.
　本請求項５に記載の構成によれば、偏光子側及び検光子側に、それぞれ１／４波長板を有していることにより、被検査物を透過する偏光が円偏光となり、傷や不純物の形状や方向性に関わらず、より確実に強度低下部を検出することができる。
　本請求項６に記載の構成によれば、支持ユニットが、連続的に搬送される被検査物の搬送ライン中に配置されていることにより、複数の被検査物を連続的に検査することができる。
　本請求項９に記載の構成によれば、被検査物がガラスびんであり、支持ユニットがガラスびんの底を支持し、荷重発生ユニットがガラスびんの口から底方向に荷重を加えることにより、ガラスびんの強度限界の高い方向から大きな荷重を加えることが可能であり、より確実に強度低下部を検出することができる。
　本請求項１１に記載の構成によれば、被検査物が連続的に搬送され、支持ユニット上で被検査物の強度低下部を検出し、検出された強度低下部の状態に応じて良品、不良品を選別し、不良品を搬送経路外に排除することにより、被検査物を連続的に搬送するラインにおいて、不良品を確実に選別し、良品のみをライン下流に搬送することが可能となる。 According to the configuration of the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the ¼ wavelength plate is provided on each of the polarizer side and the analyzer side, the polarized light passing through the inspection object becomes circularly polarized light, and scratches and impurities Regardless of the shape or direction of the material, it is possible to detect the reduced strength portion more reliably.
According to the configuration of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the support unit is arranged in the conveyance line of the inspection object to be continuously conveyed, whereby a plurality of inspection objects can be inspected continuously. it can.
According to the configuration of the present invention, the object to be inspected is a glass bottle, the support unit supports the bottom of the glass bottle, and the load generating unit applies a load in the bottom direction from the mouth of the glass bottle, A large load can be applied from the direction in which the strength limit of the glass bottle is high, and the strength-decreasing portion can be detected more reliably.
According to the configuration of the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the inspection object is continuously conveyed, the strength reduction portion of the inspection object is detected on the support unit, and the non-defective product is determined according to the detected state of the strength reduction portion. By sorting out defective products and excluding them from the transport path, it is possible to reliably sort defective products in a line that continuously transports inspection objects and transport only good products downstream. Become.
　本請求項１２に係る内面加傷方法によれば、ガラスびんの外表面側からレーザー光を照射してガラス内部に集光し、集光部の熱エネルギーによって検査用傷をつけることにより、ガラスびんの中に物品を挿入することなく内面に検査用傷をつけて調整用ガラスびんを作製することが可能となるため、調整用ガラスびんを容易に作製することができ、ガラスびんが強度検査装置の直近やセットされた状態であっても内面に傷をつけることが可能となることから、強度検査装置の調整が容易となる。
　また、レーザー光の出力を変更することで傷の大きさを変化させることができ、集光位置を変更することで任意の位置に傷をつけることができるため、異なる調整用ガラスびんを容易に作成でき、異なる条件で強度検査装置を調整する際にも調整作業が容易となる。 According to the inner surface scratching method of the present invention, the glass bottle is irradiated with laser light from the outer surface side of the glass bottle to be condensed inside the glass, and the inspection scratches are made by the thermal energy of the condensing part. Because it is possible to produce an adjustment glass bottle by scratching the inner surface without inserting an article into the bottle, the adjustment glass bottle can be easily produced, and the glass bottle is strength-inspected. Since the inner surface can be scratched even in the immediate vicinity or set state of the device, the strength inspection device can be easily adjusted.
In addition, it is possible to change the size of the scratch by changing the output of the laser beam, and it is possible to scratch any position by changing the condensing position, so different adjustment glass bottles can be easily The adjustment work can be easily performed when the strength inspection apparatus is adjusted under different conditions.
　本請求項１３に記載の構成によれば、検査用傷のガラスびんの内面の開口部径が、６０μｍ以下であることにより、検査用傷を正確な内部応力の集中点として機能させることが可能となり、調整用ガラスびんの精度が向上する。
　本請求項１４乃至請求項１７に記載の構成によれば、非破壊で行う強度検査において、単一の調整用ガラスびんで、複数の異なる条件での調整を行うことが可能となり、強度検査装置の調整作業がさらに容易となる。 According to the configuration of the thirteenth aspect of the invention, since the opening diameter of the inner surface of the glass bottle of the inspection flaw is 60 μm or less, the inspection flaw can function as an accurate concentration point of internal stress. Thus, the accuracy of the adjustment glass bottle is improved.
According to the configuration of the present invention, the strength inspection apparatus can perform adjustment under a plurality of different conditions with a single adjustment glass bottle in the non-destructive strength inspection. The adjustment work becomes easier.
　本請求項１８に記載の内面加傷装置によれば、ガラスびんを保持する支持ユニットと、レーザー発振器と、レーザー発振器から照射されるレーザー光を導く光学系ユニットとを有することで、ガラスびんの外面からレーザー光を照射し、レーザー光を、ガラスびんを透過させて内表面に集光し、集光部の熱エネルギーによって検査用傷をつけることが可能となる。
　本請求項１９に記載の構成によれば、レーザー発振器及び光学系ユニットが、前記支持ユニットに指示されたガラスびんの外面側に配置されていることにより、ガラスびんの内部に物品を挿入することなく内面に検査用傷をつけて調整用ガラスびんを作製することが可能となる。
　本請求項２０に記載の構成によれば、支持ユニットが、強度検査装置の支持ユニットを兼ねていることにより、ガラスびんが強度検査装置にセットされた状態で、内面に傷をつけて調整用ガラスびんを作製することが可能となり、強度検査装置の調整がさらに容易となる。 According to the inner surface scratching device of the present invention, the glass bottle has a supporting unit for holding the glass bottle, a laser oscillator, and an optical system unit for guiding the laser light emitted from the laser oscillator. Laser light is irradiated from the outer surface, the laser light is transmitted through the glass bottle and condensed on the inner surface, and it becomes possible to damage the inspection by the thermal energy of the light collecting part.
According to the structure of the nineteenth aspect of the present invention, the laser oscillator and the optical system unit are arranged on the outer surface side of the glass bottle designated by the support unit, whereby the article is inserted into the glass bottle. It is possible to produce a glass bottle for adjustment by scratching the inner surface without inspection.
According to the structure of the present invention, the support unit also serves as the support unit of the strength inspection device, so that the glass bottle is set in the strength inspection device and the inner surface is scratched for adjustment. A glass bottle can be produced, and the adjustment of the strength inspection apparatus is further facilitated.
本発明の一実施形態に係る強度検査装置の概略説明図。Schematic explanatory drawing of the intensity inspection apparatus concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本強度検査装置により良品のびんを観察した参考写真。A reference photo of a non-defective bottle observed with this strength inspection device. 本強度検査装置により肩部に傷のあるびんを観察した参考写真。A reference photo of a bottle with a scar on the shoulder using this strength inspection device. 本強度検査装置により胴部に異物のあるびんを観察した参考写真。A reference photograph of a bottle with foreign matter on the body using this strength inspection device. 本発明の一実施形態に係る内面加傷方法の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the inner surface scratching method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の内面加傷方法及び内面加傷装置により作製した調整用ガラスびんを観察した参考写真。The reference photograph which observed the glass bottle for adjustment produced with the inner surface damage method and inner surface damage apparatus of this invention. 本発明の内面加傷方法及び内面加傷装置により作製した調整用ガラスびんが調整用として使用される従来の強度検査装置の概略図。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Schematic of the conventional intensity | strength inspection apparatus by which the glass bottle for adjustment produced with the inner surface scratching method and inner surface scratching apparatus of this invention is used for adjustment.
１　・・・　調整用ガラスびん
２　・・・　搬送用コンベア
３　・・・　押圧パッド
４　・・・　スクイーザホイル
５　・・・　トランスポータ
１００　・・・　強度検査装置
１１１　・・・　底部支持台
１１２　・・・　口部押圧部
１１３　・・・　ユニット本体
１２１　・・・　光源
１２２　・・・　偏光子
１２３　・・・　１／４波長板
１２４　・・・　検光子
１２５　・・・　１／４波長板
１２６　・・・　撮像カメラ（撮像部）
１３０　・・・　荷重発生ユニット
　Ｂ　　・・・　びん（被検査物） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Adjustment glass bottle 2 ... Conveyor 3 ... Press pad 4 ... Squeezer foil 5 ... Transporter 100 ... Strength inspection apparatus 111 ... Bottom support stand 112 ··· Portion pressing portion 113 ··· Unit body 121 ··· Light source 122 ··· Polarizer 123 ··· 1/4 wavelength plate 124 ··· Analyzer 125 ··· 1/4 wavelength plate 126 ···・ Imaging camera (imaging part)
130 ... Load generating unit B ... Bottle (inspection object)
　本発明の一実施形態に係る強度検査装置１００は、支持ユニット、光学系ユニット及び荷重発生ユニットを有している。
　支持ユニットは、図１に示すように、被検査物であるびんＢの底部を支持する底部支持台１１１と、上下に移動可能で被検査物であるびんＢの口部を底部方向に押圧可能な口部押圧部１１２とを有している。
　本実施形態では、支持ユニットは２側面が開放された矩形のユニット本体１１３を有し、底部支持台１１１は、ユニット本体１１３の底部内面に配置され、口部押圧部１１２は、ユニット本体１１３の上部内面に上下動可能に配置されているが、連続的に搬送される被検査物の搬送ライン中に配置する場合には、例えば搬送タレットの各ポケットに底部支持台１１１及び口部押圧部１１２が配置されてもよく、その場合、光学系ユニットは搬送タレットの各ポケットが通過できる位置に固定的に配置すればよい。 The strength inspection apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a support unit, an optical system unit, and a load generation unit.
As shown in FIG. 1, the support unit is capable of moving up and down and pressing the mouth of the bottle B, which is the object to be inspected, in the bottom direction. And a mouth pressing portion 112.
In the present embodiment, the support unit has a rectangular unit main body 113 with two side surfaces open, the bottom support base 111 is disposed on the bottom inner surface of the unit main body 113, and the mouth pressing portion 112 is connected to the unit main body 113. Although it is arranged on the upper inner surface so as to be movable up and down, when it is arranged in the conveying line of the object to be continuously conveyed, for example, the bottom support 111 and the mouth pressing unit 112 are provided in each pocket of the conveying turret. In this case, the optical system unit may be fixedly disposed at a position where each pocket of the transport turret can pass.
　光学系ユニットは、図１に示すように、底部支持台１１１に載置されたびんＢの一側方に、光源１２１、偏光子１２２及び１／４波長板１２３を有し、対向する側方に１／４波長板１２５、検光子１２４及び撮像部である撮像カメラ１２６を有している（図では簡略化のため配置のみ示している。）。
　荷重発生ユニット１３０は、図１に示すように、口部押圧部１１２の上方に配置され、口部押圧部１１２によってびんＢの口部を底部方向に押圧して荷重を加えるように構成されている。
　荷重発生ユニット１３０は、シリンダ径８０ｍｍのエアシリンダを使用しており、０．８ＭＰａの空気圧で動作させることで、びんＢの縦方向の荷重保証値の５０％である４ｋＮの荷重を発生させるように構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the optical system unit has a light source 121, a polarizer 122, and a ¼ wavelength plate 123 on one side of the bottle B placed on the bottom support base 111, and opposite side surfaces. 4 includes a quarter-wave plate 125, an analyzer 124, and an imaging camera 126 that is an imaging unit (only the arrangement is shown in the figure for simplification).
As shown in FIG. 1, the load generating unit 130 is disposed above the mouth pressing portion 112 and is configured to apply a load by pressing the mouth of the bottle B toward the bottom by the mouth pressing portion 112. Yes.
The load generating unit 130 uses an air cylinder with a cylinder diameter of 80 mm, and is operated at an air pressure of 0.8 MPa so as to generate a load of 4 kN, which is 50% of the guaranteed load value in the vertical direction of the bottle B. It is configured.
　本実施形態では、偏光子１２２及び検光子１２４が直線偏光板で構成され、偏光子１２２の後に１／４波長板１２３を有していることから、びんＢを通過する光は円偏光に変換されたものとなり、検光子１２４の前に１／４波長板１２５を有していることから、びんＢを通過した光は、直線偏光に戻されて撮像カメラ１２６で撮像されることとなる。
　このことで、傷や不純物の形状や方向性に関わらず、より確実に強度低下部を検出することができる。
　また、本実施形態では、偏光子１２２と検光子１２４の偏光軸が９０°となるように配置されることで、びんＢに内部応力等による歪が存在しない場合にはびんＢをそのまま通過して、光源１２１の光は偏光子１２２と検光子１２４で遮断され、撮像カメラ１２６には届かないように構成されている。 In the present embodiment, the polarizer 122 and the analyzer 124 are configured by linearly polarizing plates, and have a quarter-wave plate 123 after the polarizer 122, so that light passing through the bottle B is converted into circularly polarized light. Since the quarter wavelength plate 125 is provided in front of the analyzer 124, the light that has passed through the bottle B is returned to linearly polarized light and imaged by the imaging camera 126.
This makes it possible to detect the reduced strength portion more reliably regardless of the shape and directionality of the scratches and impurities.
In the present embodiment, the polarizer 122 and the analyzer 124 are arranged so that the polarization axes are 90 °, so that the bottle B passes through the bottle B as it is when there is no distortion due to internal stress or the like. Thus, the light from the light source 121 is blocked by the polarizer 122 and the analyzer 124 and does not reach the imaging camera 126.
　このことで、通常は光が遮断され、びんＢに荷重をかけた際に内部応力により旋光して明るくなり、傷や不純物が存在する場所に内部応力が集中して特に明るく検知されるため、強度低下部として確実に検出することができる。
　なお、１／４波長板１２３及び１／４波長板１２５を省略して、直線偏光のままびんＢを通過させてもよく、偏光子１２２と検光子１２４の偏光軸を同一位相として、びんＢに内部応力等による歪が存在しない場合にはびんＢをそのまま通過して、光源１２１の光が遮断されることなく撮像カメラ１２６に届くようにしてもよい。
　また、光学系ユニットを複数台使用したり、びんを回転、揺動等適宜動かすことにより、ガラスびんの全方位の非破壊強度検査を行ってもよい。
　さらに、連続的に搬送される被検査物の搬送ライン中に配置する場合には、光学系ユニットよりも下流側に、不良品と判定されたびんＢを搬送経路外に排除する装置を配置してもよい。 Because of this, the light is normally blocked, and when a load is applied to the bottle B, the light is rotated by the internal stress and brightens, and the internal stress is concentrated in a place where scratches and impurities are present, so that it is detected particularly brightly. It can be reliably detected as a reduced strength part.
The quarter wavelength plate 123 and the quarter wavelength plate 125 may be omitted, and the bottle B may be allowed to pass through with linear polarization, and the polarization axes of the polarizer 122 and the analyzer 124 are set to the same phase, and the bottle B If there is no distortion due to internal stress or the like, the bottle B may be passed through as it is, and the light from the light source 121 may reach the imaging camera 126 without being blocked.
Further, non-destructive strength inspection in all directions of the glass bottle may be performed by using a plurality of optical system units or by appropriately moving the bottle such as rotating and swinging.
Furthermore, when arranging in the conveyance line of the inspection object to be continuously conveyed, an apparatus for removing bottle B determined as a defective product out of the conveyance path is arranged downstream of the optical system unit. May be.
　以上のように構成された強度検査装置１００によるびんＢの検査について説明する。
　びんＢに不純物や傷による強度低下部がない場合の、撮像カメラ１２６の画像を図２に示す。
　びんＢの内部応力等による歪が存在しない場合、荷重発生ユニット１３０で荷重を加えない無負荷の状態では、偏光子１２２及び１／４波長板１２３を通過した光はびんＢによって偏光されることはなく、１／４波長板１２５及び検光子１２４によって遮断され、撮像カメラ１２６の画像は写真の最も左に示すように非常に暗く、ほぼ何も写っていない状態となる。
　このびんＢに荷重を加えると、肩部及び底部付近及び肩部に内部応力が集中するため、荷重が大きくなるほど歪も大きくなり、歪の大きさに比例してその部分を通過する光の旋光量も大きくなって１／４波長板１２５及び検光子１２４を通過する光量が増加し、撮像カメラ１２６の画像も荷重が大きくなるほど明るくなる。 The inspection of the bottle B by the strength inspection apparatus 100 configured as described above will be described.
FIG. 2 shows an image of the imaging camera 126 when the bottle B does not have a reduced strength portion due to impurities or scratches.
When there is no distortion due to the internal stress or the like of the bottle B, the light passing through the polarizer 122 and the quarter-wave plate 123 is polarized by the bottle B in an unloaded state where no load is applied by the load generating unit 130. The image is captured by the quarter-wave plate 125 and the analyzer 124, and the image of the imaging camera 126 is very dark as shown in the leftmost part of the photograph, and almost nothing is captured.
When a load is applied to the bottle B, the internal stress concentrates on the shoulder and bottom, and on the shoulder, so the strain increases as the load increases, and the optical rotation of light passing through that portion in proportion to the magnitude of the strain The amount increases, the amount of light passing through the quarter-wave plate 125 and the analyzer 124 increases, and the image of the imaging camera 126 becomes brighter as the load increases.
　びんＢの肩部の内面に傷による強度低下部が存在する場合の、撮像カメラ１２６の画像を図３に示す。
　荷重発生ユニット１３０で荷重を加えない無負荷の状態では、傷の部分に内部応力等による歪は存在しないため、図３の左に示すように、他の部分と同様に暗いままであり、撮像カメラ１２６の画像にも全く映らない。
　荷重発生ユニット１３０にシリンダ圧０．８ＭＰａ（びんＢの縦方向の荷重保証値の５０％である４ｋＮの荷重相当）を加えると、肩部のため全体に内部応力による歪みが発生して明るくなるが、傷の部分では内部応力の加わり方が異なるため異なる歪が発生し、図３の右に示すように、撮像カメラ１２６の画像で、傷の部分が周囲との明るさの違いで明確に形状が判別できる状態となる。
　これを、公知の画像処理システム等で判断することで、びんＢの強度低下部として検出することができる。 FIG. 3 shows an image of the imaging camera 126 in the case where there is a reduced strength portion due to scratches on the inner surface of the shoulder portion of the bottle B.
In the unloaded state where no load is applied by the load generating unit 130, there is no distortion due to internal stress or the like in the scratched part, and therefore, as shown on the left in FIG. Neither appears in the camera 126 image.
When a cylinder pressure of 0.8 MPa (corresponding to a load of 4 kN which is 50% of the load guarantee value in the vertical direction of bottle B) is applied to the load generation unit 130, distortion due to internal stress is generated on the whole because of the shoulder, and it becomes brighter. However, since the internal stress is applied differently in the scratched part, different distortion occurs. As shown on the right side of FIG. 3, the scratched part is clearly shown in the image of the imaging camera 126 due to the difference in brightness from the surroundings. The shape can be discriminated.
By determining this with a known image processing system or the like, it can be detected as a reduced strength portion of bottle B.
　びんＢの胴部に異物が存在している場合の、撮像カメラ１２６の画像を図４に示す。
　荷重発生ユニット１３０で荷重を加えない無負荷の状態では、図４の左に示すように、僅かな歪は確認できるものの、使用に支障のない内部歪のばらつきか、強度低下部となりうる異物の存在かは判別ができない。
　荷重発生ユニット１３０にシリンダ圧０．８ＭＰａ（びんＢの縦方向の荷重保証値の５０％である４ｋＮの荷重相当）を加えると、図４の右に示すように、異物の存在による歪み方向が変化したり、大きな歪となることが撮像カメラ１２６の画像で確認できる。
　これを、公知の画像処理システム等で判断することで、びんＢの強度低下部として検出することができる。 FIG. 4 shows an image of the imaging camera 126 in the case where foreign matter is present in the bottle B body.
In the unloaded state in which no load is applied by the load generating unit 130, as shown on the left of FIG. 4, although slight distortion can be confirmed, there is a variation in internal distortion that does not hinder the use, or foreign matter that can become a reduced strength part. It cannot be determined whether it exists.
When a cylinder pressure of 0.8 MPa (corresponding to a load of 4 kN which is 50% of the guaranteed load value in the vertical direction of bottle B) is applied to the load generating unit 130, the strain direction due to the presence of foreign matter is changed as shown on the right side of FIG. It can be confirmed from the image of the imaging camera 126 that the image changes or becomes a large distortion.
By determining this with a known image processing system or the like, it can be detected as a reduced strength portion of bottle B.
　次に、本発明の内面加傷方法の一実施形態について説明する。
　図５に示すように、レーザー発振器から照射されるレーザー光を、光学系ユニットを介してガラスびんの外表面側から照射してガラス内部に集光し、集光部の熱エネルギーによってガラスびんの外表面には到達しない傷をつける。
　本実施形態では、集光位置を、ガラスびんの高さ方向に１００μｍずつ異なり、ガラスびんの厚み方向に５０μｍずつ異なる、５箇所に設定されている。
　レーザー光の照射エネルギーは各加工あたり１０００μＪとし、一回の照射パルスで加工した。
　なお、図示したガラスびんの外表面、内表面の位置は正確なものではなく、説明のために図に収まるように示したものである。 Next, an embodiment of the inner surface scratching method of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5, the laser light emitted from the laser oscillator is irradiated from the outer surface side of the glass bottle through the optical system unit to be condensed inside the glass, and the glass bottle is heated by the heat energy of the condensing part. Scratches that do not reach the outer surface.
In the present embodiment, the condensing positions are set at five locations that differ by 100 μm in the height direction of the glass bottle and differ by 50 μm in the thickness direction of the glass bottle.
The laser beam irradiation energy was 1000 μJ for each processing, and processing was performed with a single irradiation pulse.
Note that the positions of the outer surface and the inner surface of the illustrated glass bottle are not accurate, and are shown in the drawing for the sake of explanation.
　このように、同一の照射エネルギーでもガラスびんの厚み方向に異なる位置とすることで、内表面に現れる傷の大きさの異なるものを加工することができる。
　なお、内表面に現れる傷の大きさを変えるために、照射エネルギーや照射パルスの回数を異なるものとしてもよい。
　また、内表面に傷が現れず、熱エネルギーによって応力分布の異なる部分がガラス内部に存在するように設定することも可能である。
　さらに、肩部や裾部等のガラスびんの形状が変化したり、厚さが一様でない部分では、異なる複数の集光位置で全く同一条件としてもよい。
　また、本発明で作製する調整用ガラスびんの色は特に制限はなく、透明の他に、緑色、茶色、青色等、ガラスびんとして使用するいかなる色であってもよい。 As described above, even when the irradiation energy is the same, different positions in the thickness direction of the glass bottle can be used to process different sizes of scratches appearing on the inner surface.
In order to change the size of the scratches appearing on the inner surface, the irradiation energy and the number of irradiation pulses may be different.
It is also possible to set so that no flaws appear on the inner surface and portions with different stress distributions exist in the glass due to thermal energy.
Further, the same conditions may be used at a plurality of different condensing positions in a portion where the shape of the glass bottle such as the shoulder portion or the hem portion changes or the thickness is not uniform.
Moreover, the color of the glass bottle for adjustment produced by this invention does not have a restriction | limiting in particular, In addition to transparency, what kind of color used as glass bottles, such as green, brown, blue, may be sufficient.
　上述した条件で、ガラスびんの胴部に加工した調整用ガラスびんを観察した写真を図６に示す。
　「反射観察」で示した写真では、外表面からの観察となるため、内表面の小さな傷となる上方の３箇所が全く判別できないが、「透過観察」で示す写真では、上方の３箇所の小さな傷も、その周囲の内部応力変化による明るさの変化として観察することができる。 The photograph which observed the glass bottle for adjustment processed into the trunk | drum of the glass bottle on the conditions mentioned above is shown in FIG.
In the photograph shown in “reflection observation”, since the observation is from the outer surface, the upper three places which are small scratches on the inner surface cannot be discriminated at all. However, in the photograph shown in “transmission observation”, the upper three places are not distinguished. Even a small scratch can be observed as a change in brightness due to a change in internal stress around it.
　次に、本発明の内面加傷方法及び内面加傷装置により作製した調整用ガラスびんを従来の強度検査装置に適用した例について説明する。
　図６の最も左に示すのと同様な丸形のガラスびんの肩部、胴部、裾部にそれぞれ本発明の内面加傷方法及び内面加傷装置を用いて加傷し、調整用ガラスびん１を作製した。
　作製した調整用ガラスびん１を、上面から見た図７に示す特許文献１に記載の原理的特徴を持つ装置、すなわち押圧パッド３によってガラスびん外側に応力をかけて強度を検査する方式による装置を用いて試験を実施した。試験の結果を表１に示す。試験に用いた従来の強度検査装置は、具体的には、エムハートグラス社製のＨＳＴ１０００であり、試験において設定したエア圧力値は０．１８ＭＰａである。 Next, an example in which the glass bottle for adjustment produced by the inner surface scratching method and the inner surface scratching device of the present invention is applied to a conventional strength inspection device will be described.
The glass bottle for adjustment, in which the shoulder portion, the trunk portion, and the bottom portion of the round glass bottle shown in the leftmost part of FIG. 1 was produced.
A device having the principle features described in Patent Document 1 shown in FIG. 7 as viewed from the top of the prepared adjustment glass bottle 1, that is, a device that inspects the strength by applying stress to the outside of the glass bottle with the press pad 3. The test was carried out using The test results are shown in Table 1. The conventional strength inspection apparatus used for the test is specifically HST1000 manufactured by M Heart Glass, and the air pressure value set in the test is 0.18 MPa.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
 　試験で用いた丸形のガラスびんでは肩部と裾部は他の部分に比べてわずかに径が大きくなるように設計されており、肩部と裾部が強度検査装置における押圧パッド３とスクイーザホイル４とのコンタクト部となり、強い応力が発生する。そのため、コンタクト部の内面に傷や異物があるとその部分を起点に割れが発生する。一方、胴部は強度検査装置の押圧パッド３とスクイーザホイル４とのコンタクト部とはならないため、発生する応力は肩部と裾部よりも弱い。したがって胴部に加傷したガラスびんに著しい強度低下は発生しない。なお、割れが発生したガラスびんは、ガラスびんを側面から押さえて搬送するトランスポータ５を通過する際に落下することで排除される。
　このように、本発明に係る内面加傷方法及び内面加傷装置によって作製した調整用ガラスびんを使用して強度検査装置を調整することで、精度のよい強度検査が可能となる。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
 In the round glass bottle used in the test, the shoulder and hem are designed to have a slightly larger diameter than the other parts, and the shoulder and hem are the same as the pressure pad 3 and the screen in the strength tester. It becomes a contact part with the ether foil 4 and a strong stress is generated. For this reason, if there is a scratch or a foreign substance on the inner surface of the contact portion, cracking occurs starting from that portion. On the other hand, since the body portion does not become a contact portion between the press pad 3 and the squeezer wheel 4 of the strength inspection device, the generated stress is weaker than the shoulder portion and the skirt portion. Accordingly, no significant reduction in strength occurs in the glass bottle with the barrel damaged. In addition, the glass bottle which a crack generate | occur | produced is excluded by falling, when passing the transporter 5 which hold | suppresses a glass bottle from the side and conveys.
Thus, by adjusting the strength inspection apparatus using the adjustment glass bottle produced by the inner surface scratching method and the inner surface scratching apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to perform the strength inspection with high accuracy.

Claims (20)

  1. 　被検査物に偏光した光を透過させて強度を検査する強度検査装置であって、
    　前記強度検査装置は、被検査物を支持する支持ユニットと、光源、偏光子、検光子及び撮像部を有する光学系ユニットと、被検査物に荷重を加える荷重発生ユニットを有し、
    　前記被検査物に荷重を加えた状態で、被検査物に偏光した光を透過させて被検査物の強度低下部を検出することを特徴とする強度検査装置。     An intensity inspection apparatus for inspecting intensity by transmitting polarized light to an object to be inspected,
    The intensity inspection apparatus includes a support unit that supports an object to be inspected, an optical system unit having a light source, a polarizer, an analyzer, and an imaging unit, and a load generation unit that applies a load to the object to be inspected.
    An intensity inspection apparatus for detecting a reduced strength portion of an inspection object by transmitting polarized light to the inspection object in a state where a load is applied to the inspection object.
  2. 　前記荷重発生ユニットが、前記光学系ユニットの光の方向と直交する方向に荷重を加えるように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の強度検査装置。 2. The strength inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the load generating unit is arranged so as to apply a load in a direction orthogonal to a light direction of the optical system unit.
  3. 　前記荷重発生ユニットが発生する荷重が、被検査物の圧縮強度の５０％以下であることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の強度検査装置。 3. The strength inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the load generated by the load generation unit is 50% or less of the compressive strength of the object to be inspected.
  4. 　前記偏光子と検光子の偏光軸が９０°となるように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかに記載の強度検査装置。 The intensity inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polarizer and the analyzer are arranged so that polarization axes thereof are 90 °.
  5. 　前記偏光子側及び前記検光子側に、それぞれ１／４波長板を有していることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項４のいずれかに記載の強度検査装置。 The intensity inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a quarter-wave plate on each of the polarizer side and the analyzer side.
  6. 　前記支持ユニットが、連続的に搬送される被検査物の搬送ライン中に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項５のいずれかに記載の強度検査装置。 The intensity inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the support unit is disposed in a conveyance line of an object to be inspected continuously.
  7. 　被検査物に偏光した光を透過させて強度を検査する強度検査方法であって、
    　支持ユニットで被検査物を支持し、
    　前記支持ユニットに支持された被検査物に荷重を加え、
    　前記被検査物に荷重を加えた状態で、光源、偏光子、検光子及び撮像部を有する光学系ユニットによって偏光した光を透過させて被検査物の強度低下部を検出することを特徴とする強度検査方法。     An intensity inspection method for inspecting intensity by transmitting polarized light to an inspection object,
    Support the object under test with the support unit,
    Apply a load to the object supported by the support unit,
    In a state in which a load is applied to the inspection object, the light-polarized light is transmitted by an optical system unit having a light source, a polarizer, an analyzer, and an imaging unit to detect a reduced intensity portion of the inspection object. Strength inspection method.
  8. 　前記荷重発生ユニットが、前記光学系ユニットの光の方向と直交する方向に荷重を加えることを特徴とする請求項７に記載の強度検査方法。 The intensity inspection method according to claim 7, wherein the load generating unit applies a load in a direction orthogonal to the light direction of the optical system unit.
  9. 　前記被検査物がガラスびんであり、
    　前記支持ユニットが、ガラスびんの底を支持し、
    前記荷重発生ユニットが、ガラスびんの口から底方向に荷重を加えることを特徴とする請求項８に記載の強度検査方法。     The inspection object is a glass bottle;
    The support unit supports the bottom of the glass bottle;
    The strength inspection method according to claim 8, wherein the load generating unit applies a load in a bottom direction from a mouth of the glass bottle.
  10. 　前記荷重発生ユニットが発生する荷重が、被検査物の圧縮強度の５０％以下であることを特徴とする請求項７乃至請求項９のいずれかに記載の強度検査方法。 The strength inspection method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the load generated by the load generation unit is 50% or less of the compressive strength of the object to be inspected.
  11. 　前記被検査物が、連続的に搬送され、
    　前記支持ユニット上で、前記被検査物の強度低下部を検出し、
    　検出された強度低下部の状態に応じて良品、不良品を選別し、
    　不良品を搬送経路外に排除することを特徴とする請求項７乃至請求項１０のいずれかに記載の強度検査方法。     The inspection object is continuously conveyed,
    On the support unit, detect a reduced strength part of the inspection object,
    Select non-defective products and defective products according to the detected state of reduced strength,
    The strength inspection method according to claim 7, wherein defective products are excluded from the conveyance path.
  12. 　強度検査装置の調整に用いる調整用ガラスびんを作製する内面加傷方法であって、
    　ガラスびんの外表面側からレーザー光を照射してガラス内部に集光し、
    　集光部の熱エネルギーによって、ガラスびんの外表面には到達しない検査用傷をつける内面加傷方法。     An inner surface scratching method for producing an adjustment glass bottle used for adjustment of a strength inspection device,
    The laser beam is irradiated from the outer surface side of the glass bottle and condensed inside the glass,
    An inner surface scratching method in which the thermal flaw of the condensing part causes an inspection flaw that does not reach the outer surface of the glass bottle.
  13. 　前記検査用傷のガラスびんの内面の開口部径が、６０μｍ以下であることを特徴とする請求項１２に記載の内面加傷方法。 13. The inner surface scratching method according to claim 12, wherein an opening diameter of an inner surface of the glass bottle of the inspection scratch is 60 μm or less.
  14. 　前記検査用傷を、複数の箇所に設けることを特徴とする請求項１２または請求項１３に記載の内面加傷方法。 14. The inner surface scratching method according to claim 12, wherein the inspection scratch is provided at a plurality of locations.
  15. 　前記複数の検査用傷を、ガラスびん高さ方向の異なる位置に設けることを特徴とする請求項１４に記載の内面加傷方法。 15. The inner surface scratching method according to claim 14, wherein the plurality of inspection scratches are provided at different positions in the glass bottle height direction.
  16. 　前記複数の検査用傷は、ガラスびんの厚み方向で異なる位置に集光部が設定されることを特徴とする請求項１４または請求項１５に記載の内面加傷方法。 16. The inner surface scratching method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the plurality of inspection scratches are provided with light collecting portions at different positions in the thickness direction of the glass bottle.
  17. 　前記複数の検査用傷は、レーザー光の出力が異なるように設定されることを特徴とする請求項１４乃至請求項１６のいずれかに記載の内面加傷方法。 The inner surface scratching method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the plurality of inspection scratches are set so that the output of the laser beam is different.
  18. 　請求項１２乃至請求項１７のいずれかに記載の内面加傷方法に使用する内面加傷装置であって、
    　ガラスびんを保持する支持ユニットと、レーザー発振器と、前記レーザー発振器から照射されるレーザー光を導く光学系ユニットとを有することを特徴とする内面加傷装置。     An internal surface scratching device used in the internal surface scratching method according to any one of claims 12 to 17,
    An inner surface scratching device comprising: a support unit for holding a glass bottle; a laser oscillator; and an optical system unit for guiding laser light emitted from the laser oscillator.
  19. 　前記レーザー発振器及び光学系ユニットが、前記支持ユニットに指示されたガラスびんの外面側に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１８に記載の内面加傷装置。 19. The inner surface scratching device according to claim 18, wherein the laser oscillator and the optical system unit are disposed on an outer surface side of a glass bottle designated by the support unit.
  20. 　前記支持ユニットが、強度検査装置の支持ユニットを兼ねていることを特徴とする請求項１８または請求項１９に記載の内面加傷装置。
          The inner surface scratching device according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the support unit also serves as a support unit of a strength inspection device.
PCT/JP2018/005078 2017-03-03 2018-02-14 Strength inspection device, strength inspection method, and inner surface scratching method and inner surface scratching device for producing adjustment glass bottle WO2018159294A1 (en)

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JP2017097299A JP6865098B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2017-05-16 Inner surface scratching method and inner surface scratching device

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CN112475611A (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-03-12 浙江圣石激光科技股份有限公司 Cambered surface glass film removing equipment and working method thereof
EP4230313A1 (en) * 2022-02-21 2023-08-23 Sick Ag Method and test system for testing containers, and filling installation having a test system of this type

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JPH0378647A (en) * 1989-08-22 1991-04-03 Tdk Corp Method and apparatus for inspecting molding strain of resin
JPH04118540A (en) * 1990-09-10 1992-04-20 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Defect detection method for optical parts and device therefor
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JPS4951995A (en) * 1972-09-16 1974-05-20
JPH0378647A (en) * 1989-08-22 1991-04-03 Tdk Corp Method and apparatus for inspecting molding strain of resin
JPH04118540A (en) * 1990-09-10 1992-04-20 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Defect detection method for optical parts and device therefor
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112475611A (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-03-12 浙江圣石激光科技股份有限公司 Cambered surface glass film removing equipment and working method thereof
CN112475611B (en) * 2020-09-30 2023-08-18 浙江圣石激光科技股份有限公司 Cambered surface glass film removing equipment and working method thereof
EP4230313A1 (en) * 2022-02-21 2023-08-23 Sick Ag Method and test system for testing containers, and filling installation having a test system of this type

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