WO2018157650A1 - 液晶透镜及其制作方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

液晶透镜及其制作方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018157650A1
WO2018157650A1 PCT/CN2017/117196 CN2017117196W WO2018157650A1 WO 2018157650 A1 WO2018157650 A1 WO 2018157650A1 CN 2017117196 W CN2017117196 W CN 2017117196W WO 2018157650 A1 WO2018157650 A1 WO 2018157650A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
crystal lens
layer
electrode
substrate
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PCT/CN2017/117196
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李忠孝
赵文卿
杨明
王倩
王海燕
牛小辰
王灿
张大成
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US16/079,716 priority Critical patent/US10678089B2/en
Publication of WO2018157650A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018157650A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G02B30/28—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays involving active lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/004—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
    • G02B26/005—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid based on electrowetting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133526—Lenses, e.g. microlenses or Fresnel lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B2207/00—Coding scheme for general features or characteristics of optical elements and systems of subclass G02B, but not including elements and systems which would be classified in G02B6/00 and subgroups
    • G02B2207/115—Electrowetting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
    • G02B27/0955—Lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
    • G02B27/0955—Lenses
    • G02B27/0961—Lens arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
    • G02B27/0955—Lenses
    • G02B27/0966—Cylindrical lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1313—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells specially adapted for a particular application
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a liquid crystal lens, a method of fabricating the same, and a display device.
  • the liquid crystal lens has excellent performance and can be electrically adjusted. It is widely used in focusing equipment and human eye magnification equipment, especially in 3D display. The application of liquid crystal lens can get rid of the restraint of 3D glasses on the human eye, and achieve naked-eye 3D display, which has great application prospect in the future.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal lens including: a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; wherein
  • the liquid layer includes a liquid crystal layer including a plurality of liquid crystal lens units, the plurality of liquid crystal lens units are located on the first substrate, and the filling layer is filled in the first substrate and the The spaces between the second substrates except for the liquid crystal layer are different; the materials of the liquid crystal layer and the filling layer are different.
  • the liquid crystal lens further includes a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode being configured to form an electric field to drive rotation of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer and to adjust the liquid crystal lens unit Curvature.
  • the liquid layer is configured to adjust the distance of the spacing of adjacent two liquid crystal lens units under the action of an electric field.
  • the arch height of each liquid crystal lens unit is smaller than the cell thickness of the liquid crystal lens.
  • the density of the liquid crystal layer is the same as the density of the filled layer.
  • the filling liquid of the filling layer includes a saline solution.
  • the first electrode is disposed on the first substrate, and the second electrode is disposed on the second substrate.
  • the first electrode includes a plurality of electrode strips, the plurality of electrode strips are arranged in parallel, the plurality of liquid crystal lens units are arranged in parallel, and an extending direction of the electrode strips and an extending direction of the liquid crystal lens unit the same.
  • each of the electrode strips is disposed at an adjacent position of two adjacent liquid crystal lens units, and an orthographic projection of each electrode strip on the first substrate in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate And an orthographic projection of the adjacent two liquid crystal lens units corresponding thereto on the first substrate has an overlapping portion.
  • the liquid crystal lens further includes a hydrophobic layer, wherein the hydrophobic layer is disposed between the liquid layer and the first substrate, at least the liquid crystal layer in the liquid layer is in contact with the hydrophobic layer .
  • the liquid crystal lens unit is configured to have a large curvature when an electric field is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • the liquid crystal layer uses a negative liquid crystal material, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer have a pretilt angle of 90 degrees in a vertical orientation when uncharged.
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer becomes larger than when there is no electric field.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method of fabricating a liquid crystal lens, including:
  • the liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of liquid crystal lens units, the plurality of liquid crystal lens units are in contact with the first substrate, and the filling layer is filled between the first substrate and the second substrate except the liquid crystal layer In the space other than the space; the material of the liquid crystal layer and the filling layer are different.
  • the manufacturing method further includes: forming a first electrode on the first substrate; forming a second electrode on the first substrate or the second substrate; the first electrode and the second electrode being configured to be shaped
  • the electric field is generated to drive the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer to rotate and adjust the curvature of the liquid crystal lens unit.
  • the liquid crystal layer is formed by a dropping type implantation method.
  • the step of forming the liquid crystal layer by a drop-type implantation method includes:
  • the droplets When the liquid crystal is dropped, the droplets are spaced apart in the first direction, and the adjacent two droplets are fused to form a strip-shaped arch-shaped liquid crystal lens unit, which is far apart in the second direction, and the adjacent two droplets are not in contact with each other, and are independent of each other.
  • the plurality of liquid crystal lens units arranged in order are formed, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the above manufacturing method further includes forming an insulating layer on the first substrate, and forming a hydrophobic layer on the insulating layer, wherein at least the liquid crystal layer and the hydrophobic layer in the filling layer and the liquid crystal layer The layers are in contact.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display device including the liquid crystal lens described above.
  • 1 is a schematic view of an optical retardation curve of a liquid crystal lens
  • FIG. 2A is a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 2B is a liquid crystal lens according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2C is a schematic view showing an electric field formed between a first electrode and a second electrode in the liquid crystal lens provided in FIG. 2B;
  • 3A is a top plan view of a first electrode in a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 3B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first electrode in a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic top plan view of a liquid crystal lens unit of a liquid crystal layer in a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4B is a perspective view of a liquid crystal lens unit of a liquid crystal layer in a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4C is a schematic top view of a liquid crystal lens unit of a first electrode and a liquid crystal layer in a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 5A is a schematic view showing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal layer when there is no electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode in the liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal layer when an electric field is formed between a first electrode and a second electrode in a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 6A is a schematic diagram of an optical path when there is no electric field between a first electrode and a second electrode in a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 6B is a schematic diagram of an optical path after an electric field is formed between a first electrode and a second electrode in a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of an optical path when there is no electric field between a first electrode and a second electrode in a liquid crystal lens according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of an optical path after an electric field is formed between a first electrode and a second electrode in a liquid crystal lens according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram of an optical path when there is no electric field between a first electrode and a second electrode in a liquid crystal lens according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8B is a schematic diagram of an optical path after an electric field is formed between a first electrode and a second electrode in a liquid crystal lens according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9A is a schematic plan view of a liquid crystal lens unit of a liquid crystal layer in a liquid crystal lens according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9B is a perspective view of a liquid crystal lens unit of a liquid crystal layer in a liquid crystal lens according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic top plan view showing a liquid crystal lens unit of a first electrode and a liquid crystal layer in a liquid crystal lens according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 11A is a schematic diagram showing a gap between two adjacent liquid crystal lens units and an optical path of a liquid crystal lens when there is no electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode in the liquid crystal lens according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram showing a gap between two adjacent liquid crystal lens units after forming an electric field between a first electrode and a second electrode in a liquid crystal lens according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; and an optical path diagram of the liquid crystal lens;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of 3D display of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Liquid crystal lenses are mostly used instead of convex lenses, and different focal lengths are realized by different degrees of liquid crystal deflection, but they can only replace a single lens, and the focal length adjustment range is narrow.
  • Conventional liquid crystal lens implementation methods are complex, requiring multiple electrodes to apply different specific signals to achieve the desired lens equivalent results, achieving the desired optical delay profile.
  • the delay profile above the electrode strips of adjacent lenses is poor, causing large crosstalk, affecting the 3D effect, and limiting some applications of the liquid crystal lens.
  • the delay curve can be as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the curvature radius is different at different positions, and the optical delay curve is not smooth.
  • the amount of delay can be an optical path difference.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure is directed to a liquid crystal lens, a method of fabricating the same, and a display device that can increase an adjustment range of a focal length of a liquid crystal lens.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal lens 1 including, for example, a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20, and a liquid layer 30 disposed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, as shown in FIG. 2A.
  • the liquid layer 30 includes a liquid crystal layer 301 and a filling layer 302.
  • the liquid crystal layer 301 includes a plurality of liquid crystal lens units 3010.
  • the plurality of liquid crystal lens units 3010 are located on the first substrate 10 and are in contact with the first substrate 10, and the filling layer 302 is filled in the first layer.
  • the materials of the liquid crystal layer 301 and the filling layer 302 are different.
  • the liquid crystal lens 1 further includes a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 21, which are configured to form an electric field to drive liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 301 to rotate and adjust the liquid crystal lens unit.
  • the curvature of 3010. For example, when there is no electric field between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21, the radius of curvature of each liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is the same. For example, when an electric field is formed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21, the radius of curvature of each liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is the same. For example, the same radius of curvature of each liquid crystal lens unit 3010 means that each liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is a part of a sphere.
  • each liquid crystal lens unit 3010 away from the first substrate is a part of a spherical surface.
  • the radius of curvature of each liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is different.
  • an electric field is formed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21
  • the radius of curvature of each liquid crystal lens unit 3010 becomes large.
  • a vertical electric field or an electric field having a vertical component may be formed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21. The vertical component of the formed vertical electric field or electric field can facilitate the formation of an electrowetting effect.
  • a liquid crystal lens is provided.
  • an electric field (loading driving signal) is formed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 301 changes, thereby adjusting the liquid crystal.
  • the focal length of the lens unit 3010 after the electric field (loading drive signal) is formed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21, the free energy of the solid-liquid interface is reduced.
  • the filling layer 302 is hydrophilic.
  • the filling layer 302 is more hydrophilic than the liquid crystal layer 301 than the liquid crystal layer 301. As shown in FIGS.
  • the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 will be pushed by the highly hydrophilic filling layer 302, and the filling layer 302 will cover more first.
  • the space between the lens units 3010 is filled with the filling layer 302, and since the volume of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is constant, and thus the shape of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is changed, the focal length of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 can also be adjusted.
  • the adjustment range of the focal length of the liquid crystal lens can be increased.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal lens that can perform corresponding optical path conversion instead of a normal lens.
  • the focal length of the liquid crystal lens can be adjusted in a wide range.
  • the delay profile is relatively smooth, with the same radius of curvature at different locations.
  • the first electrode 11 is disposed on the first substrate 10, and the second electrode 21 is disposed on the second substrate 20.
  • the first substrate 10 may be provided with a first flat layer 12, and the first electrode 11 and the first flat layer 12 may be sequentially disposed in the first A substrate 10.
  • the second substrate 20 may be provided with a second flat layer 22, and the second electrode 21 and the second flat layer 22 may be sequentially disposed on the second substrate 20.
  • the second electrode 21 can also be disposed on the first substrate 10, as long as the electric field formed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21 can drive the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 301 to rotate, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21 may be made of a metal material or a transparent conductive material such as a transparent conductive oxide material such as indium tin oxide.
  • the first flat layer 12 and the second flat layer 22 may be made of an insulating material.
  • the first flat layer 12 and the second flat layer 22 may also be hydrophobic, that is, made of a hydrophobic material.
  • the material of the first flat layer 12 and the second flat layer 22 includes polyimide.
  • the first flat layer 12 may further include an alignment film disposed on a side close to the liquid layer to be in contact with the liquid layer to facilitate alignment of the liquid crystal molecules to form a pretilt angle, for example, to vertically align the liquid crystal molecules, that is, to form an initial The pretilt angle is 90 degrees or approximately 90 degrees.
  • the formation of the initial pretilt angle is not limited to the manner in which the alignment film is aligned, and other methods may be employed, for example, a material which allows the liquid crystal layer to reach a predetermined pretilt angle under light irradiation conditions is added to the liquid crystal material.
  • the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 and the second substrate 20 are close to each other.
  • the layer height of each liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is smaller than the cell thickness h2 of the liquid crystal lens.
  • the height h1 of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 can be made to be a cell thickness h2 of a liquid crystal lens of 80-90%.
  • the arch height h1 of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 refers to the distance from the vertex of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 to the contact surface of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 and the first substrate 10.
  • the apex of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is, for example, a point at which the distance between the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 and the contact surface of the first substrate 10 is the largest.
  • the cell thickness h2 refers to, for example, the distance between the layer on the first substrate 10 close to the second substrate 20 and the layer on the second substrate 20 close to the first substrate 10. Further, the cell thickness h2 refers to, for example, the distance between the first flat layer 12 and the second flat layer 22.
  • the density of the liquid crystal layer 301 and the density of the filling layer 302 are the same.
  • the filling liquid of the filling layer 302 includes a saline solution.
  • the density of the filling liquid in the filling layer 302 can be made the same as the density of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 by changing the amount of the salt dissolved in the saline solution, so that there is no flow of the liquid crystal. The risk is advantageous to maintain the shape of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010. It should be noted that the filling liquid of the filling layer 302 is not limited to the saline solution.
  • the first planar layer 12 of the liquid crystal lens includes an insulating layer 121 and a hydrophobic layer 122.
  • the insulating layer 121 can serve as a dielectric layer
  • the insulating layer 121 is disposed on the first electrode 11
  • the hydrophobic layer 122 is disposed on the insulating layer 121
  • at least the liquid crystal layer 301 in the liquid layer 30 is in contact with the hydrophobic layer 122.
  • the shape of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is arched, and the droplets are naturally formed with the hydrophobic material, and the contact angle thereof is related to the tension of each material.
  • the hydrophobic layer 122 can also function as an alignment film at the same time, and has an effect of aligning liquid crystal molecules.
  • the first electrode 11 includes a plurality of electrode strips 110, and the plurality of electrode strips 110 are arranged in parallel.
  • the plurality of electrode strips 110 are arranged in parallel.
  • different specific signals are applied to achieve a desired lens equivalent result.
  • each electrode strip only needs to apply the same signal, by changing the signal.
  • the voltage value enables lens focal length adjustment, which reduces the number of electrodes required to achieve a liquid crystal lens.
  • a plurality of electrode strips 110 may be electrically connected together.
  • a driving signal may be applied to the first electrode 11, and the driving signal may be a square wave signal having the same positive and negative values.
  • a square wave signal having the same positive and negative values of 60 Hz may be applied to the first electrode 11, and the second electrode 21 may be A common electrode can apply a DC zero volt (0 V) signal to the second electrode 21.
  • the shape of the second electrode 21 may include a plate shape.
  • a light shielding layer 011 may be disposed on the first electrode 11, the light shielding layer 011 is configured to block light, and the light shielding layer 011 may be black on the surface of the metal electrode.
  • the layer has the same material as the black matrix.
  • a plurality of liquid crystal lens units 3010 are arranged in parallel.
  • adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 are adjacent at adjacent locations 30100.
  • adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 may be in contact at adjacent locations 30100.
  • the electrode strip 110 extends in the same direction as the liquid crystal lens unit 3010.
  • FIG. 4B shows a perspective view of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010.
  • FIG. 4C A schematic top view of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 and the electrode strip 110 is shown in FIG. 4C, and the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is translucently processed for clarity of illustration.
  • each of the electrode strips 110 is disposed at an adjacent position 30100 of the adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010, perpendicular to the first substrate 10.
  • each of the electrode strips 110 and the adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 corresponding thereto partially overlap. That is, the orthographic projection of each of the electrode strips 110 on the first substrate 10 has an overlapping portion with the orthographic projection of the corresponding adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 on the first substrate 10.
  • a voltage can be applied adjacent to the adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 (for example, at the interface contact), a better electrowetting effect can be obtained, and further, the adjustment range of the focal length of the liquid crystal lens can be further increased.
  • one of the plurality of electrode strips 110 is correspondingly disposed at an adjacent position 30100 of the first liquid crystal lens unit 30101 and the second liquid crystal lens unit 30102, perpendicular to the first substrate.
  • the first electrode strip 1100 has a first overlapping portion 131 with the first liquid crystal lens unit 30101, and the first electrode strip 1100 and the second liquid crystal lens unit 30102 have a second overlapping portion 132.
  • the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 can be configured to have a large curvature when an electric field is formed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21, whereby the focal length of the liquid crystal lens can be reduced.
  • the long axis of the positive liquid crystal molecules is aligned parallel to the direction of the electric field, and the long axis of the negative liquid crystal molecules is aligned perpendicular to the direction of the electric field.
  • the liquid crystal layer in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a negative liquid crystal material having a high refractive index difference, and a liquid crystal lens having different effects can be realized by matching different refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the filling liquid.
  • the liquid crystal molecules 3015 may be vertically oriented when the power is not applied, that is, the initial pretilt angle is 90 degrees or approximately 90 degrees, that is, liquid crystal molecules.
  • the long axis direction of 3015 is perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and/or the second substrate 20.
  • an electric field vertical electric field
  • the long-axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 3015 is approximately parallel to the first substrate 10 and/or the second substrate 20.
  • the conversion of positive and negative lenses can be achieved in some embodiments. Compared with the liquid crystal lens implementation which simply drives the liquid crystal deflection, this method can increase the focal length adjustment range of the liquid crystal lens due to the action of electrowetting.
  • the initial pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules is 90 degrees or approximately 90 degrees, and the first electrode 11 and the second electrode are used.
  • an electric field for example, a vertical electric field
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 301 is increased as compared with when there is no electric field.
  • a liquid crystal lens for example, as shown in FIG. 6A, when there is no electric field between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 301 and the refraction of the filling layer 302 The rate is the same. Therefore, when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer 301, the emitted light is not deflected, and the focal length of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is at infinity. As shown in FIG. 6A, when there is no electric field between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 301 and the refraction of the filling layer 302 The rate is the same. Therefore, when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer 301, the emitted light is not deflected, and the focal length of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is at infinity. As shown in FIG.
  • the focal length of the liquid crystal lens is greatly reduced.
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 301 is greater than the refraction of the filling layer 302. rate. Therefore, when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer 301, the emitted light is deflected toward the center line direction of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010.
  • FIG. 7B when an electric field is formed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21, since the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 30 increases, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 301 is still larger than the refractive index of the filling layer 302, and is incident on the liquid crystal lens.
  • the light of the unit 3010 exits at its boundary and is deflected toward the center line 3016 closer to the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 than when there is no electric field.
  • the angle of refraction at the time of the electric field increases as compared to when no electric field is formed).
  • the shape of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is changed to further reduce the focal length of the liquid crystal lens.
  • the liquid crystal layer 301 has a large range of focal lengths under the dual action of refractive index change and shape change.
  • the voltage value of the driving signal applied to the first electrode 11 by the liquid crystal lens is adjusted, and the equivalent effect thereof is a convex lens, and the focal length of the liquid crystal lens is adjustable. Also, as the value of the driving signal voltage applied to the first electrode 11 increases, the focal length decreases.
  • a liquid crystal lens for example, as shown in FIG. 8A, when there is no electric field between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 301 is smaller than that of the filling layer 302. Refractive index. Therefore, when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer 301, the emitted light is deflected toward the center line 3016 away from the liquid crystal lens unit 3010, and the liquid crystal layer 301 is a negative lens. As shown in FIG. 8A, when there is no electric field between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 301 is smaller than that of the filling layer 302. Refractive index. Therefore, when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer 301, the emitted light is deflected toward the center line 3016 away from the liquid crystal lens unit 3010, and the liquid crystal layer 301 is a negative lens. As shown in FIG.
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 30 may gradually increase to be equal to the refractive index of the filling layer 302 due to an increase in the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 30 ( At this time, the light emitted from the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is not deflected, similar to the parallel flat plate, and is increased to be larger than the refractive index of the filling layer 302.
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 30 is larger than the refractive index of the filling layer 302
  • the light incident on the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is emitted at the boundary thereof, and the emitted light is deflected toward the center line direction of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 to form a positive lens.
  • the shape of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is changed to further reduce the focal length of the liquid crystal lens.
  • the liquid crystal layer 301 has a large range of focal lengths under the dual action of refractive index change and shape change.
  • the value of the driving signal voltage applied to the first electrode 11 by the liquid crystal lens is adjusted, and the equivalent effect thereof is changed from a concave lens to a parallel flat plate, and then changed to a convex lens.
  • a positive liquid crystal of a uniaxial negative crystal may also be used.
  • the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is parallel or approximately parallel to the first substrate 10.
  • the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is parallel or nearly parallel to the direction of the electric field.
  • the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the first substrate 10.
  • a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure for example, as shown in FIG. 9A, adjacent two liquids There are spaces 3011 between the crystal lens units 3010, and the spaces 3011 are filled by the filling layer 302.
  • the position of the interval 3011 is the adjacent position 30100 of the adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010.
  • FIG. 9B A schematic perspective view of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 in the case where there are intervals 3011 between adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 is shown in FIG. 9B.
  • the structure of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010 in the initial state (when there is no electric field between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21) is as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B.
  • the distance between adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 is greater than zero.
  • the distance between adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 is one quarter to one half of the width of one electrode strip.
  • the interval 3011 becomes larger than when there is no electric field.
  • the liquid layer 30 is configured to adjust the distance d of the interval between adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 under the action of an electric field.
  • each liquid crystal lens unit 3010 has the same size and shape.
  • each liquid crystal lens unit 3010 has the same size and shape.
  • one of the plurality of electrode strips 110 is disposed adjacent to the first liquid crystal lens unit 30101 and the second liquid crystal lens unit 30102.
  • the first electrode strip 1100 and the first liquid crystal lens unit 30101 have a first overlapping portion 131
  • the first electrode strip 1100 and the second liquid crystal lens unit 30102 have a second The overlapping portion 132.
  • FIGS. 11A and 11B when an electric field is formed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21, the interval 3011 between the adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 becomes large.
  • 11A and 11B illustrate an example in which the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 301 and the refractive index of the filling layer 302 are the same when there is no electric field between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21.
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 301 and the refractive index of the filling layer 302 may also be different.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for fabricating a liquid crystal lens, including:
  • the liquid crystal layer 301 includes a plurality of liquid crystal lens units 3010, the plurality of liquid crystal lens units 3010 are in contact with the first substrate 10, and the filling layer 302 is filled in a space between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 except for the liquid crystal layer 301;
  • the materials of the liquid crystal layer 301 and the filling layer 302 are different.
  • the first electrode 11 is formed on the first substrate 10; the second electrode 21 is formed on the first substrate 10 or the second substrate 20; the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21 are configured to form an electric field to drive the liquid crystal layer 301
  • the liquid crystal molecules rotate and adjust the curvature of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010.
  • liquid crystal layer 301 for forming the liquid crystal layer 301 on the first substrate 10 on which the first electrode 11 is formed, a suitable method may be selected as needed, for example, one liquid crystal lens unit 3010 may be formed at a time, thereby sequentially forming a plurality of liquid crystal lens units 3010, It is also possible to form the plurality of liquid crystal lens units 3010 at one time.
  • the liquid crystal layer 301 can be formed by one drop filling (One Drop Filling), similar to the manner of spraying.
  • the droplets when the liquid crystal is dropped, the droplets may be spaced apart in the first direction, and the adjacent two droplets are fused to form a strip-shaped arch-shaped liquid crystal lens unit; the second direction is far apart, and the adjacent two droplets are not in contact.
  • a plurality of liquid crystal lens units arranged in sequence are formed.
  • the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the first direction and the second direction are both directions parallel to the first substrate 10.
  • the first direction is the extending direction of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010.
  • the pair of the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 may be formed after the filling layer 302 is formed, or the first electrode 11 and the liquid crystal layer 301 may be formed.
  • the filling liquid is filled to form a filling layer 302.
  • the manner in which the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are paired after the filling layer is formed first facilitates the formation of the initial topography of the liquid crystal lens unit.
  • a gap 3011 is formed between two adjacent liquid crystal lens units 3010, and a space 3011 is filled by the filling layer 302.
  • a liquid crystal lens having a space 3011 between adjacent liquid crystal lens units 3010 in an initial state in the case of no power application
  • the interval 3011 will become large.
  • an arch height of each liquid crystal lens unit 3010 is smaller than a cell thickness of the liquid crystal lens.
  • the density of the liquid crystal layer 301 and the density of the filling layer 302 are the same.
  • the first electrode 11 includes a plurality of electrode strips 110, the plurality of electrode strips 110 are arranged in parallel, and the plurality of liquid crystal lens units 3010 are arranged in parallel, and the extending direction of the electrode strips 110 It is the same as the extending direction of the liquid crystal lens unit 3010.
  • each electrode strip 110 is formed at an adjacent position 30100 corresponding to two adjacent liquid crystal lens units 3010, in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10, each The electrode strip 110 and the adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 corresponding thereto partially overlap. That is, the orthographic projection of each of the electrode strips 110 on the first substrate 10 has an overlapping portion with the orthographic projection of the corresponding adjacent two liquid crystal lens units 3010 on the first substrate 10.
  • the plurality of electrode strips 110 are electrically connected together, but are not limited thereto.
  • a method of fabricating a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes forming an insulating layer 121 on the first electrode 11 and forming a hydrophobic layer 122 on the insulating layer 121, at least the liquid crystal layer 301 being in contact with the hydrophobic layer 122.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display device, such as the liquid crystal lens 1 of any of the above embodiments, as shown in FIG.
  • the display device may further include a display panel 2.
  • the display panel 2 may include a left-eye pixel L and a right-eye pixel R, and after passing through the liquid crystal lens 1, a 3D display effect can be achieved.
  • a liquid crystal lens provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is applied to a lenticular 3D display, and a liquid crystal lens unit is covered with a light shielding layer 011 disposed on the first electrode 11 below, or a first electrode is a metal electrode.
  • the backlight cannot pass, and no light passes through the liquid crystal lens unit, which can reduce the crosstalk of the liquid crystal lens unit adjacent to the liquid crystal lens unit, thereby reducing the crosstalk value of the 3D display device.
  • optical path diagrams given in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only a general schematic diagram for ease of understanding, and the actual light may be slightly different from the illustration.
  • the method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be used to fabricate any of the liquid crystal lenses provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the method of fabricating the liquid crystal lens is briefly described, and the same or similar points can be referred to for the description of the liquid crystal lens.

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Abstract

提供一种液晶透镜及其制作方法、显示装置。该液晶透镜包括：设置在第一基板（10）和第二基板（20）之间的液体层（30）；液体层（30）包括液晶层（301）和填充层（302），填充层（302）填充在第一基板（10）和第二基板（20）之间除了液晶层（301）之外的空间内；液晶层（301）和填充层（302）的材料不同。

Description

液晶透镜及其制作方法、显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本专利申请要求于2017年2月28日递交的中国专利申请第201710112895.1号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本公开的实施例的一部分。
技术领域
本公开至少一实施例涉及一种液晶透镜及其制作方法、显示装置。
背景技术
液晶透镜有着优异的性能，可以进行电学调焦，被大量应用于聚焦设备与人眼放大设备，特别是在3D显示方面更是有着突出的贡献。液晶透镜的应用可以摆脱3D眼镜对人眼的束缚，做到裸眼3D显示，未来有着巨大的应用前景。
发明内容
本公开的至少一实施例提供一种液晶透镜，包括：第一基板、第二基板和设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液体层；其中，
所述液体层包括液晶层和填充层，所述液晶层包括多个液晶透镜单元，所述多个液晶透镜单元位于所述第一基板上，所述填充层填充在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间除了所述液晶层之外的空间内；所述液晶层和所述填充层的材料不同。
例如，所述液晶透镜还包括第一电极和第二电极，所述第一电极和所述第二电极被配置来形成电场以驱动所述液晶层的液晶分子旋转以及调节所述液晶透镜单元的曲率。
例如，相邻两个液晶透镜单元之间具有间隔，所述间隔被所述填充层填充。
例如，所述液体层被配置为在电场作用下，调节相邻两个液晶透镜单元的间隔的距离。
例如，每个液晶透镜单元的拱高小于所述液晶透镜的盒厚。
例如，所述液晶层的密度和所述填充层的密度相同。
例如，所述填充层的填充液体包括盐水溶液。
例如，所述第一电极设置在所述第一基板上，所述第二电极设置在所述第二基板上。
例如，所述第一电极包括多个电极条，所述多个电极条平行排布，所述多个液晶透镜单元平行排布，所述电极条的延伸方向与所述液晶透镜单元的延伸方向相同。
例如，每个所述电极条对应设置在相邻两个液晶透镜单元的相邻位置处，在垂直于所述第一基板的方向上，每个电极条在所述第一基板上的正投影和与其对应的相邻两个液晶透镜单元在所述第一基板上的正投影具有重叠部分。
例如，所述液晶透镜还包括疏水层，其中，所述疏水层设置在所述液体层和所述第一基板之间，至少所述液体层中的所述液晶层与所述疏水层相接触。
例如，所述液晶透镜单元被配置来在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间形成电场时曲率变大。
例如，所述液晶层采用负性液晶材料，在未加电时所述液晶层中的液晶分子的预倾角为90度垂直取向。
例如，在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间形成电场时与没有电场时相比，所述液晶层的折射率变大。
本公开的至少一实施例还提供一种液晶透镜的制作方法，包括：
在第一基板上形成液晶层；
在液晶层上形成填充层；
将所述第一基板和第二基板对盒；其中，
所述液晶层包括多个液晶透镜单元，所述多个液晶透镜单元与所述第一基板接触，所述填充层填充在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间除了所述液晶层之外的空间内；所述液晶层和所述填充层的材料不同。
例如，所述制作方法还包括：在第一基板上形成第一电极；在所述第一基板或第二基板上形成第二电极；所述第一电极和所述第二电极被配置来形 成电场以驱动所述液晶层的液晶分子旋转以及调节所述液晶透镜单元的曲率。
例如，采用滴下式注入法形成所述液晶层。
例如，所述采用滴下式注入法形成所述液晶层的步骤包括：
在液晶滴下时，在第一方向上液滴间隔近，相邻两滴融合，形成条状的拱形的液晶透镜单元，在第二方向上间隔远，相邻两滴不接触，相互独立，从而形成依次排布的所述多个液晶透镜单元，所述第一方向垂直于所述第二方向。
例如，上述制作方法还包括在所述第一基板上形成绝缘层，以及在所述绝缘层上形成疏水层，其中，所述填充层和所述液晶层中至少所述液晶层与所述疏水层相接触。
本公开的至少一实施例还提供一种显示装置，包括上述的液晶透镜。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1为一种液晶透镜的光学延迟曲线的示意图；
图2A为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜；
图2B为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜；
图2C为图2B提供的液晶透镜中第一电极和第二电极之间形成电场后的示意图；
图3A为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极的俯视示意图；
图3B为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极的截面示意图；
图4A为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中液晶层的液晶透镜单元的俯视示意图；
图4B为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中液晶层的液晶透镜单元的立体示意图；
图4C为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极和液晶层的液晶透镜单元的俯视示意图；
图5A为本公开一实施例提供一种液晶透镜中第一电极和第二电极之间没有电场时液晶层中的液晶分子的排列示意图；
图5B为本公开一实施例提供一种液晶透镜中第一电极和第二电极之间形成电场时液晶层中的液晶分子的排列示意图；
图6A为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极和第二电极之间没有电场时的光路示意图；
图6B为本公开一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极和第二电极之间形成电场后的光路示意图；
图7A为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极和第二电极之间没有电场时的光路示意图；
图7B为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极和第二电极之间形成电场后的光路示意图；
图8A为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极和第二电极之间没有电场时的光路示意图；
图8B为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极和第二电极之间形成电场后的光路示意图；
图9A为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中液晶层的液晶透镜单元的俯视示意图；
图9B为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中液晶层的液晶透镜单元的立体示意图；
图10为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极和液晶层的液晶透镜单元的俯视示意图；
图11A为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极和第二电极之间没有电场时相邻两个液晶透镜单元之间具有间隔的示意图以及液晶透镜的光路示意图；
图11B为本公开另一实施例提供的一种液晶透镜中第一电极和第二电极之间形成电场后相邻两个液晶透镜单元之间具有间隔的示意图以及液晶透镜的光路示意图；
图12为本公开一实施例提供的一种显示装置的示意图；
图13为本公开一实施例提供的一种显示装置的3D显示示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
液晶透镜多应用于代替凸透镜，利用液晶偏转程度不同实现不同焦距，但其只能替代单一透镜，焦距调节范围窄。通常的液晶透镜实现方法复杂，需要多条电极施加不同的特定信号才能实现需要的透镜等效结果，实现需要的光学延迟曲线。在应用于透镜式裸眼3D显示时，相邻透镜的电极条的上方延迟曲线形貌较差，造成较大串扰，影响3D效果，限制了液晶透镜的一些应用。延迟曲线可如图1所示，在不同位置处曲率半径不同，光学延迟曲线不平滑。例如，延迟量可为光程差。
本公开的至少一实施例涉及一种液晶透镜及其制作方法、显示装置，可以增大液晶透镜焦距的调节范围。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种液晶透镜1，例如如图2A所示，包括：第一基板10、第二基板20和设置在第一基板10和第二基板20之间的液体层30。液体层30包括液晶层301和填充层302，液晶层301包括多个液晶透镜单元3010，多个液晶透镜单元3010位于第一基板10上，并与第一基板10接触，填充层302填充在第一基板10和第二基板20之间除了液晶层301之外的空间内。液晶层301和填充层302的材料不同。
例如如图2A所示，液晶透镜1还包括第一电极11和第二电极21，第一电极11和第二电极21被配置来形成电场以驱动液晶层301的液晶分子旋转以及调节液晶透镜单元3010的曲率。例如，在第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场时，各液晶透镜单元3010的曲率半径相同。例如，在第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场时，各液晶透镜单元3010的曲率半径相同。例如，各液晶透镜单元3010的曲率半径相同是指各液晶透镜单元3010为球体的一部分。即，各液晶透镜单元3010远离第一基板的界面为球面的一部分。在第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场和形成电场时，各液晶透镜单元3010的曲率半径不同。在第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场时，各液晶透镜单元3010的曲率半径变大。例如，第一电极11和第二电极21之间可形成垂直电场或具有垂直分量的电场。形成的垂直电场或电场的垂直分量可利于电润湿效果的形成。
根据本公开至少一实施例提供一种液晶透镜，一方面，第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场(加载驱动信号)后，液晶层301的折射率发生变化，从而，可调节液晶透镜单元3010的焦距，另一方面，第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场(加载驱动信号)后，固液界面的自由能将减小。例如，填充层302具有亲水性。例如，填充层302与液晶层301相比，填充层302的亲水性大于液晶层301的亲水性。如图2B和2C所示，第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场后，液晶透镜单元3010将被亲水性强的填充层302推挤，填充层302将更多的覆盖第一基板11与液体层30接触的表面，相邻液晶透镜单元3010之间的距离变大(d1增大到d2)，液晶透镜单元3010的接触角增大(θ1增大到θ2)，相邻液晶透镜单元3010之间的空间被填充层302填充，又由于液晶透镜单元3010的体积不变，从而，液晶透镜单元3010的形状改变，也可调节液晶透镜单元3010的焦距。即，可以增大液晶透镜焦距的调节范围。本公开至少一实施例提供一种液晶透镜，可以替代通常的透镜实现相应光路转换。液晶透镜焦距可大范围调节。同时，延迟曲线相对平滑，在不同位置处曲率半径大致相同。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如如图2A所示，第一电极11设置在第一基板10上，第二电极21设置在第二基板20上。例如，第一基板10上可设置有第一平坦层12，第一电极11和第一平坦层12可依次设置在第 一基板10。例如，第二基板20上可设置有第二平坦层22，第二电极21和第二平坦层22可依次设置在第二基板20上。第二电极21还可设置在第一基板10上，只要第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成的电场可驱动液晶层301的液晶分子旋转即可，本公开的实施例对此不作限定。例如，第一电极11和第二电极21可采用金属材料或透明导电材料例如透明导电氧化物材料(例如氧化铟锡)。
例如，第一平坦层12和第二平坦层22可采用绝缘材料。为了获得较好的电润湿效果，第一平坦层12和第二平坦层22还可具有疏水性，即采用疏水材料制成。例如，第一平坦层12和第二平坦层22的材质包括聚酰亚胺。第一平坦层12还可包括配向膜，配向膜设置在靠近液体层的一侧，与液体层接触，以利于对液晶分子进行配向，形成预倾角，例如可使液晶分子垂直取向，即形成初始预倾角为90度或者近似90度。初始预倾角的形成不限于采用配向膜配向的方式，还可以采用其他方式，例如，向液晶材料中加入可以使得液晶层在光线照射条件下可达到预定预倾角的材料。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如如图2A所示，为了避免在第一电极11和第二电极12之间没有电场或形成电场时，液晶透镜单元3010与第二基板20靠近第一基板10的层接触，每个液晶透镜单元3010的拱高h1小于液晶透镜的盒厚h2。例如，为了兼顾获得较好的透镜效果，可以使得液晶透镜单元3010的拱高h1为80-90％的液晶透镜的盒厚h2。例如，液晶透镜单元3010的拱高h1是指液晶透镜单元3010的顶点到液晶透镜单元3010与第一基板10接触面之间的距离。液晶透镜单元3010的顶点例如是指液晶透镜单元3010与第一基板10接触面之间的距离最大的点。盒厚h2例如是指第一基板10上靠近第二基板20的层与第二基板20上靠近第一基板10的层之间的距离。进一步的，盒厚h2例如是指第一平坦层12和第二平坦层22之间的距离。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，为了避免液体层30中的液体因重力作用发生位置移动，液晶层301的密度和填充层302的密度相同。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，填充层302的填充液体包括盐水溶液。例如，可通过改变盐水溶液中盐的溶解量可以使填充层302中的填充液体的密度与液晶透镜单元3010的密度相同，这样则不存在液晶受力流动的 风险，利于保持液晶透镜单元3010的形状。需要说明的是，填充层302的填充液体不限于盐水溶液。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如如图2B所示，液晶透镜的第一平坦层12包括绝缘层121和疏水层122。绝缘层121可作为介质层，绝缘层121设置在第一电极11上，疏水层122设置在绝缘层121上，至少液体层30中的液晶层301与疏水层122相接触。例如，如图2B所示，液晶透镜单元3010的形状为拱形，为液滴与疏水材料自然形成，其接触角与各材料的张力有关。例如，疏水层122也可同时作为配向膜，具有对液晶分子进行配向的作用。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如如图3A所示，第一电极11包括多个电极条110，多个电极条110平行排布。与通常的液晶透镜中多个电极条施加不同的特定信号才能实现需要的透镜等效结果相比，本公开实施例提供的液晶透镜，每个电极条仅需施加相同信号即可，通过改变信号电压值可实现透镜焦距调节，可减少实现液晶透镜所需的电极条数。例如，如图3A所示，为了便于施加相同信号，多个电极条110可电连接在一起。例如，可对第一电极11施加驱动信号，驱动信号可为正负值相同的方波信号，例如，可对第一电极11施加60Hz正负值相同的方波信号，第二电极21可为公共电极，可对第二电极21施加直流零伏(0V)信号。例如，第二电极21的形状可包括板状。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如如图3B所示，第一电极11上还可以设置遮光层011，遮光层011被配置来进行光线遮挡，遮光层011可为金属电极的表面黑化层或者与黑矩阵具有相同的材料。当本实施例提供的液晶透镜应用于3D显示时，背光无法通过第一电极所在的位置，液晶透镜单元相邻处无光线通过，可以降低液晶透镜单元相邻处的光线串扰，从而降低3D显示装置的串扰值。例如，第一电极11可采用不透光材料，例如，金属材料。当第一电极11采用金属材料时，此时可省略遮光层011，也可以达到类似的效果。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如如图4A所示，多个液晶透镜单元3010平行排布。例如，相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010在相邻位置处30100相邻。例如，相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010可在相邻位置处30100接触。 例如如图3A和图4A所示，电极条110的延伸方向与液晶透镜单元3010的延伸方向相同。图4B示出了液晶透镜单元3010的立体示意图。
图4C中示出了液晶透镜单元3010与电极条110的俯视示意图，为了图示清晰，液晶透镜单元3010做了半透明处理。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如，如图4C所示，每个电极条110对应设置在相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010的相邻位置处30100，在垂直于第一基板10的方向上，每个电极条110和与其对应的相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010均部分重叠。即，每个电极条110在第一基板10上的正投影与其对应的相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010在第一基板10上的正投影具有重叠部分。从而，可使得在相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010的相邻处(例如界面接触处)施加电压，可获得较好的电润湿效果，进而，进一步增大液晶透镜焦距的调节范围。例如，如图4C所示，多个电极条110中的一个第一电极条1100对应设置在第一液晶透镜单元30101和第二液晶透镜单元30102的相邻位置处30100，在垂直于第一基板10的方向上，第一电极条1100与第一液晶透镜单元30101具有第一重叠部分131，并且第一电极条1100与第二液晶透镜单元30102具有第二重叠部分132。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，液晶透镜单元3010可被配置来在第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场时曲率变大，从而，可减小液晶透镜的焦距。
液晶具有介电各向异性，若用ε//和ε┴分别表示液晶分子长轴方向和短轴方向的介电常数，各向异性可以用Δε＝ε//-ε┴表示。Δε＞0称为正性液晶，反之称为负性液晶。在电场中，正性液晶分子长轴与电场方向平行排列，负性液晶分子长轴与电场方向垂直排列。本公开的实施例中，平行于液晶分子长轴方向折射率用n//表示，垂直于液晶分子长轴方向折射率用n┴表示，Δn＝n//-n┴，Δn＞0时表示该晶体为单轴正晶体，反之称为单轴负晶体。
本公开的实施例中的液晶层可为高折射率差值的负性液晶材料，可通过匹配不同的液晶与填充液体的折射率，可以实现不同效果的液晶透镜。例如，液晶为单轴正晶体时，n//-n┴≥0.2。进一步例如，n//-n┴≥0.3。
例如，如图5A所示，为了提高液晶的响应时间，在不加电时可使液晶分子3015垂直取向，即初始预倾角为90度或者近似90度，即，液晶分子 3015的长轴方向垂直或近似垂直于第一基板10和/或第二基板20。如图5B所示，第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场(垂直电场)时，液晶分子3015的长轴方向近似平行于第一基板10和/或第二基板20。在一些实施例中可以实现正负透镜的转换。与单纯驱动液晶偏转的液晶透镜实现方式相比，此种方法因电润湿的作用可以增大液晶透镜焦距调节范围。
以下以液晶为高折射率差值的负性液晶材料为例进行说明，采用负性液晶材料，液晶分子的初始预倾角为90度或者近似90度的情况下，第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场(例如垂直电场)时，与没有电场时相比，液晶层301的折射率增大。根据第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场时液晶层301的折射率和填充层302的折射率的关系列举三种不同的情形。
第一种情况，根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如如图6A所示，第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场时，液晶层301的折射率和填充层302的折射率相同。从而，光线经过液晶层301时，出射光线不偏折，液晶透镜单元3010的焦距在无穷远处。如图6B所示，第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场时，液晶层的液晶分子发生偏转，液晶分子由垂直于两基板的方向变为平行于两基板的方向，由于负性液晶的长轴方向的折射率大于短轴方向的折射率，因此液晶层30的折射率增大，液晶层30的折射率大于填充层302的折射率，入射到液晶透镜单元3010的光线在其边界处出射，并与没有电场时相比出射光线向靠近液晶透镜单元3010的中心线3016方向偏折，从而，液晶透镜焦距减小。并且，在电润湿的作用下，相邻的液晶透镜单元3010之间距离d增大，液晶透镜单元3010的形状改变，进一步减小液晶透镜的焦距，液晶层301在折射率变化和形状变化的双重作用下，焦距大范围减小。
第二种情况，根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如如图7A所示，第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场时，液晶层301的折射率大于填充层302的折射率。从而，光线经过液晶层301时，出射光线向液晶透镜单元3010的中心线方向偏折。如图7B所示，第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场时，因液晶层30的折射率增大，液晶层301的折射率还是大于填充层302的折射率，入射到液晶透镜单元3010的光线在其边界处出射，并与没有电场时相比出射光线向更靠近液晶透镜单元3010的中心线3016方向偏折(形 成电场时的折射角比没有形成电场时增大)。液晶透镜单元3010的形状改变，进一步减小液晶透镜的焦距。液晶层301在折射率变化和形状变化的双重作用下，焦距大范围减小。调节液晶透镜对第一电极11施加的驱动信号电压值，其等效效果均为凸透镜，液晶透镜焦距可调。并且，随着对第一电极11施加的驱动信号电压值的增加，焦距减小。
第三种情况，根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如如图8A所示，第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场之时，液晶层301的折射率小于填充层302的折射率。从而，光线经过液晶层301时，出射光线向远离液晶透镜单元3010的中心线3016方向偏折，液晶层301为负透镜。如图8B所示，第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场时，因液晶层30的折射率增大，液晶层30的折射率可逐渐增大到等于填充层302的折射率(此时从液晶透镜单元3010出射的光线不偏折，类似于平行平板)，再增大到大于填充层302的折射率。液晶层30的折射率大于填充层302的折射率时，入射到液晶透镜单元3010的光线在其边界处出射，并且出射光线向靠近液晶透镜单元3010的中心线方向偏折，形成正透镜。液晶透镜单元3010的形状改变，进一步减小液晶透镜的焦距。液晶层301在折射率变化和形状变化的双重作用下，焦距大范围减小。调节液晶透镜对第一电极11施加的驱动信号电压值，其等效效果从凹透镜变化为平行平板，再变化为凸透镜。
通过匹配不同的液晶型号以及填充溶液的种类，可以实现上述三种不同的情况，根据实际需求的不同可以选用上述三种不同的实施例。通过改变实施例的制作尺寸，可以应用这种技术实现大尺寸透镜的焦距变化以及微透镜阵列结构。
需要说明的是，本公开的实施例中，并不限于采用单轴正晶体的负性液晶。例如，还可以采用单轴负晶体的正性液晶，此情况下，第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场或初始状态时，液晶分子长轴平行于或近似平行于第一基板10，当第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场时，液晶分子长轴与电场方向平行或近似平行排列，此时，液晶分子长轴垂直或近似垂直于第一基板10。因n┴＞n//，第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场时，液晶层的折射率变大。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如如图9A所示，相邻两个液 晶透镜单元3010之间具有间隔3011，间隔3011被填充层302填充。例如，间隔3011位置即为相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010的相邻位置处30100。图9B中示出了相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010之间具有间隔3011的情况下的液晶透镜单元3010的立体示意图。例如，初始状态下(第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场时)的液晶透镜单元3010结构如图9A和图9B所示。即，第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场时，相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010之间的距离大于零。例如，第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场时，相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010之间的距离为一个电极条宽度的四分之一到二分之一。第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场时与没有电场时相比，间隔3011将变大。例如，液体层30被配置为在电场作用下，调节相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010的间隔的距离d。
例如，第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场时，各液晶透镜单元3010的大小及形状相同。例如，第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场时，各液晶透镜单元3010的大小及形状相同。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜，例如如图10所示，多个电极条110中的一个第一电极条1100对应设置在第一液晶透镜单元30101和第二液晶透镜单元30102的相邻位置处30100，在垂直于第一基板10的方向上，第一电极条1100与第一液晶透镜单元30101具有第一重叠部分131，并且第一电极条1100与第二液晶透镜单元30102具有第二重叠部分132。
例如如图11A和图11B所示，在第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场时，相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010之间具有的间隔3011将变大。图11A和图11B以第一电极11和第二电极21之间没有电场时，液晶层301的折射率和填充层302的折射率相同为例进行说明。需要说明的是，第一电极11和第二电极21之间未形成电场时，液晶层301的折射率和填充层302的折射率也可以不相同，具体可参照之前描述的液晶层301的折射率和填充层302的折射率的关系的三种情况，在此不再赘述。
本公开至少一实施例还提供一种液晶透镜的制作方法，包括：
在第一基板10上形成液晶层301；
在液晶层301上形成填充层302；
将第一基板10和第二基板20对盒；其中，
液晶层301包括多个液晶透镜单元3010，多个液晶透镜单元3010与第一基板10接触，填充层302填充在第一基板10和第二基板20之间除了液晶层301之外的空间内；液晶层301和填充层302的材料不同。
例如，在第一基板10上形成第一电极11；在第一基板10或第二基板20上形成第二电极21；第一电极11和第二电极21被配置来形成电场以驱动液晶层301的液晶分子旋转以及调节液晶透镜单元3010的曲率。
例如，对于在形成第一电极11的第一基板10上形成液晶层301，可根据需要选择适合的方法，例如，可每次形成一个液晶透镜单元3010，从而依次形成多个液晶透镜单元3010，也可以多个液晶透镜单元3010一次形成。本公开的实施例对此不作限定。例如，可采用滴下式注入法(One Drop Filling，)形成液晶层301，类似喷涂的方式。例如，在液晶滴下时，可以在第一方向上液滴间隔近，相邻两滴融合，形成条状的拱形的液晶透镜单元；在第二方向上间隔较远，相邻两滴不接触，相互独立，从而形成依次排布的多个液晶透镜单元。例如，第一方向垂直于第二方向。第一方向和第二方向均为平行于第一基板10的方向。例如，第一方向为液晶透镜单元3010的延伸方向。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜的制作方法，可以在形成填充层302后进行第一基板10和第二基板20的对盒，也可以在形成第一电极11和液晶层301的第一基板10与第二基板20对盒后，充入填充液体，形成填充层302。先形成填充层后进行第一基板10和第二基板20的对盒的方式，有利于液晶透镜单元的初始形貌的形成。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜的制作方法，相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010之间具有间隔3011，间隔3011被填充层302填充。从而，可形成初始状态(未加电情况)下，相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010之间具有间隔3011的液晶透镜。第一电极11和第二电极21之间形成电场后，该间隔3011将变大。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜的制作方法，每个液晶透镜单元3010的拱高小于液晶透镜的盒厚。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜的制作方法，液晶层301的密度和填充层302的密度相同。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜的制作方法，第一电极11包括多个电极条110，多个电极条110平行排布，多个液晶透镜单元3010平行排布，电极条110的延伸方向与液晶透镜单元3010的延伸方向相同。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜的制作方法，在对应相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010的相邻位置处30100形成每个电极条110，在垂直于第一基板10的方向上，每个电极条110和与其对应的相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010均部分重叠。即，每个电极条110在第一基板10上的正投影与其对应的相邻两个液晶透镜单元3010在第一基板10上的的正投影具有重叠部分。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜的制作方法，多个电极条110电连接在一起，但不限于此。
根据本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜的制作方法，还包括在第一电极11上形成绝缘层121，以及在绝缘层121上形成疏水层122，至少液晶层301与疏水层122相接触。
本公开至少一实施例还提供一种显示装置，例如如图12所示，包括上述任一实施例所述的液晶透镜1。例如，显示装置还可包括显示面板2。
例如，如图13所示，显示面板2可包括左眼像素L和右眼像素R，通过液晶透镜1后，可实现3D显示效果。例如，将本公开一实施例提供的液晶透镜应用于透镜式3D显示中，液晶透镜单元相邻处下方有设置在第一电极11上的遮光层011覆盖，或者第一电极采用金属电极，则背光无法通过，液晶透镜单元相邻处无光线通过，可以降低液晶透镜单元相邻处的光线串扰，从而降低3D显示装置的串扰值。
有以下几点需要说明：
(1)本公开的实施例中给出的光路图只是大体的示意图，以便于理解之用，可能实际光线与图示中略有差异。
(2)本公开的实施例提供的方法可用于制作本公开实施例提供的任一液晶透镜。液晶透镜的制作方法进行了简略描述，相同或相似之处可参见对于液晶透镜的描述。
(3)除非另作定义，本公开实施例以及附图中，同一附图标记代表同一含义。
(4)本公开实施例附图中，只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构，其 他结构可参考通常设计。
(5)为了清晰起见，在用于描述本公开的实施例的附图中，层或区域的厚度被放大。可以理解，当诸如层、膜、区域或基板之类的元件被称作位于另一元件“上”或“下”时，该元件可以“直接”位于另一元件“上”或“下”，或者可以存在中间元件。
(6)在不冲突的情况下，本公开的同一实施例及不同实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种液晶透镜，包括：第一基板、第二基板和设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液体层；其中，
    所述液体层包括液晶层和填充层，所述液晶层包括多个液晶透镜单元，所述多个液晶透镜单元位于所述第一基板上，所述填充层填充在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间除了所述液晶层之外的空间内；所述液晶层和所述填充层的材料不同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述液晶透镜还包括第一电极和第二电极，所述第一电极和所述第二电极被配置来形成电场以驱动所述液晶层的液晶分子旋转以及调节所述液晶透镜单元的曲率。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶透镜，其中，相邻两个液晶透镜单元之间具有间隔，所述间隔被所述填充层填充。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述液体层被配置为在电场作用下，调节相邻两个液晶透镜单元的间隔的距离。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶透镜，其中，每个液晶透镜单元的拱高小于所述液晶透镜的盒厚。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述液晶层的密度和所述填充层的密度相同。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述填充层的填充液体包括盐水溶液。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述第一电极设置在所述第一基板上，所述第二电极设置在所述第二基板上。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述第一电极包括多个电极条，所述多个电极条平行排布，所述多个液晶透镜单元平行排布，所述电极条的延伸方向与所述液晶透镜单元的延伸方向相同。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶透镜，其中，每个所述电极条对应设置在相邻两个液晶透镜单元的相邻位置处，在垂直于所述第一基板的方向上，每个电极条在所述第一基板上的正投影和与其对应的相邻两个液晶透镜单元在所述第一基板上的正投影具有重叠部分。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的液晶透镜，还包括疏水层，其中， 所述疏水层设置在所述液体层和所述第一基板之间，至少所述液体层中的所述液晶层与所述疏水层相接触。
  12. 根据权利要求2-11任一项所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述液晶透镜单元被配置来在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间形成电场时曲率变大。
  13. 根据权利要求2-11任一项所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述液晶层采用负性液晶材料，在未加电时所述液晶层中的液晶分子垂直取向。
  14. 根据权利要求2-11任一项所述的液晶透镜，其中，在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间形成电场时与没有电场时相比，所述液晶层的折射率变大。
  15. 一种液晶透镜的制作方法，包括：
    在第一基板上形成液晶层；
    在液晶层上形成填充层；
    将所述第一基板和第二基板对盒；其中，
    所述液晶层包括多个液晶透镜单元，所述多个液晶透镜单元与所述第一基板接触，所述填充层填充在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间除了所述液晶层之外的空间内；所述液晶层和所述填充层的材料不同。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的液晶透镜的制作方法，其中，所述方法还包括：在第一基板上形成第一电极；在所述第一基板或第二基板上形成第二电极；所述第一电极和所述第二电极被配置来形成电场以驱动所述液晶层的液晶分子旋转以及调节所述液晶透镜单元的曲率。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的液晶透镜的制作方法，其中，采用滴下式注入法形成所述液晶层。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的液晶透镜的制作方法，其中，所述采用滴下式注入法形成所述液晶层的步骤包括：
    在液晶滴下时，在第一方向上液滴间隔近，相邻两滴融合，形成条状的拱形的液晶透镜单元，在第二方向上间隔远，相邻两滴不接触，相互独立，从而形成依次排布的所述多个液晶透镜单元，所述第一方向垂直于所述第二方向。
  19. 根据权利要求15-18任一项所述的液晶透镜的制作方法，还包括在所述第一基板上形成绝缘层，以及在所述绝缘层上形成疏水层，其中，所述 填充层和所述液晶层中至少所述液晶层与所述疏水层相接触。
  20. 一种显示装置，包括权利要求1-14任一项所述的液晶透镜。
PCT/CN2017/117196 2017-02-28 2017-12-19 液晶透镜及其制作方法、显示装置 WO2018157650A1 (zh)

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