WO2018154170A1 - Système permettant la détection de coupures dans des câbles conducteurs de négatif et de courants de fuite dans des installations électriques - Google Patents

Système permettant la détection de coupures dans des câbles conducteurs de négatif et de courants de fuite dans des installations électriques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018154170A1
WO2018154170A1 PCT/ES2018/070138 ES2018070138W WO2018154170A1 WO 2018154170 A1 WO2018154170 A1 WO 2018154170A1 ES 2018070138 W ES2018070138 W ES 2018070138W WO 2018154170 A1 WO2018154170 A1 WO 2018154170A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transducer
intensity
negative conductor
linked
conductor cables
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2018/070138
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Juan Antonio MARTÍN AMAYA
Diego Manuel RODRÍGUEZ TABERNERO
Luciano AVENDAÑO LAGO
José María TESO ALONSO
Jesús MARTÍN LEÓN
Félix GARCÍA NUÑEZ
Azucena CONCEJO LISTE
José Luis CARRERO GARCÍA
Original Assignee
Adif- Entidad Publica Empresarial Administrador De Infraestructuras Ferroviarias
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Adif- Entidad Publica Empresarial Administrador De Infraestructuras Ferroviarias filed Critical Adif- Entidad Publica Empresarial Administrador De Infraestructuras Ferroviarias
Publication of WO2018154170A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018154170A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60M1/00—Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle
    • B60M1/12—Trolley lines; Accessories therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/008—Testing of electric installations on transport means on air- or spacecraft, railway rolling stock or sea-going vessels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/54—Testing for continuity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60M2200/00—Specific problems related to power supply lines not otherwise provided for
    • B60M2200/02—Prevention of theft of valuable metals

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a system for the detection of cuts in negative conductor cables and leakage currents in electrical installations of a railway transport network, including train networks, high-speed train networks, metro networks, networks by tram or trolleybus.
  • this system could be applied to any electrical installation where it is necessary to monitor cuts and leakage currents of energized cables from the same AC and DC generator, and therefore even from a group of batteries.
  • the electrical, or electrification, installations of the rail transport networks electrically feed the engine of the trains that run along the tracks.
  • These electrical installations comprise a plurality of electrical substations along the path that transform and rectify the electric current from the general supply network and produced by the supplying companies.
  • Each electrical substation comprises at least one power supply cable, or feeder, intended to inject electricity to power the electric motor and at least one negative cable intended to return the electricity to the electrical substation.
  • the negative conductor cable may be composed of more than one negative conductor cable and therefore the section of the latter for the electrical substation is the sum of the section of all the negative conductor cables of the same electrical substation.
  • This cutting of the negative conductor cables can cause, among others, the following effects: load imbalance, heating of the negative conductor cables, leakage currents, deterioration of the inductive joints and economic cost overruns in the charging of substation consumptions adjacent electrical in electrical installations.
  • load imbalances are caused by the decrease in the section of the negative conductor cable, this produces an imbalance of loads between the electrical substations of the electrical installations that feed the rail transport network. This causes that the affected electrical substation does not contribute the necessary electrical load to the train and the collateral substation assumes that imbalance, exceeding the contracted power of the installation. This implies a higher economic cost and an overexploitation of the installation, which can lead to breakdowns in the electrical installation itself.
  • the heating of the cables is caused by the reduction of the section of the returns, that is to say this produces the heating of the negative conductive cables, being able to give rise to fires in the zones near the train track. As well as the fatigue in the materials that when losing the mechanical properties causes the rupture of the negative conductive cables.
  • leakage currents depend on the degree of insulation of the infrastructure with respect to ground, and the section of the negative conductor cable. Therefore, a decrease in the section of the cable, leads to this type of leakage currents that penetrate the facilities through pipes, or metal structures, and that in contact with the ground can cause electrolytic corrosion that degrades the structures metallic of the viaducts and that can cause leaks of liquids in underground conduits, explosion of gases and damages in electrical or telecommunications installations outside the railway line. Additionally, these leakage currents can generate a potential difference that can be dangerous for people and electromagnetic interference that can affect nearby electronic installations.
  • the present invention is a system for the detection of cuts in negative conductor cables and leakage currents in electrical installations with a plurality of electrical substations of a railway transport network, such as a direct current train network, a train network High speed alternating current, or a subway network.
  • a railway transport network such as a direct current train network, a train network High speed alternating current, or a subway network.
  • this system includes:
  • a first intensity transducer intended to be linked to at least one of the negative conductor cables of at least one of the substations, usually installed its negative well, to measure the return intensity
  • a feeder transducer intended to be linked with at least one positive feeder of the electrical substation, to measure the intensity consumed by the positive feeder, ie the intensity injected by the electrical substation to the transport network
  • a ground transducer intended to be linked to the ground plate in the negative well of the electrical substation, to measure the intensity provided by an external power supply
  • an alert unit comprising a screen and / or a speaker to generate a visual or audible alarm
  • At least one control unit comprising:
  • a microprocessor linked with memory with the first means of communication, and with the second means of communication to detect cuts and leakage currents in negative conductor cables by executing the instructions for detecting cuts and leakage currents of the memory, and notify it, through the second means of communication, to the alert unit so that it notifies an operator by means of the visual or audible alarm.
  • the feeder transducer comprises a hall effect sensor linked to a first analog / digital signal converter.
  • the intensity transducer comprises a hall effect sensor linked to a second analog / digital signal converter.
  • the ground transducer comprises a hall effect sensor linked to a third analog / digital signal converter.
  • this earth translator is linked on the ground plate to measure the intensities that may come from outside due to high voltage lines outside the electrical substation or due to lack of isolation of the train tracks. These intensities would be considered as leakage currents from external power supplies and would not be measured by the current transducer since they are not conducted by the negative lead wires.
  • the system comprises a plurality of current transducers intended to be linked with a plurality of negative conductor cables of the electrical substation.
  • control unit comprises a first comparator of the control unit by means of the instructions for detecting cuts and leakage currents included in the memory, compares the intensity measurements of each of the intensity transducers with each other, and this It allows you to detect the cutting of negative conductor cables in a precise way without having to use high sensitivity transducers.
  • this comparison allows to determine if there is an imbalance of the charges between the electrical substations adjacent to the electrical substation where the system is installed. More specifically, the instructions for detecting cuts and leakage currents they comprise a modifiable intensity parameter, by an operator through the alert unit, which relates the number of negative conductor cables for each intensity transducer. Additionally, these instructions for detecting cuts and leakage currents allow to accurately detect the number of negative conductor cables that have a cut, without the need to have an intensity transducer for each negative conductor cable.
  • the number of negative conductor cables to be verified in the electrical substation is taken into account. For this, the number of current transducers required is determined based on the number of negative conductor cables to be monitored.
  • control unit comprises a second comparator which, by means of the instructions for detecting cuts and leakage currents included in the memory, compares the measurement of the intensity transducer with the measurement of the feeder transducer to detect leakage currents of power supplies external to the transport network in an alternative way to the ground translator.
  • control unit comprises a third comparator which, by means of the instructions for detecting cuts and leakage currents included in the memory, compares the measurement of the intensity transducer with the measurement of the feeder transducer to detect leakage currents in the network of transport, so that the third comparator detects leakage current when the current measured by the feeder transducer is greater than the current measured by the return current transducer. Note that if there is more than one current or feeder transducer, the measurements of these are added respectively, before making the comparison.
  • control unit comprises an intensity monitoring circuit which, by means of the instructions for detecting cuts and leakage currents included in the memory, monitors the intensity measured by the ground transducer, to establish the leakage current of the substation electric
  • control unit comprises an alarm generating circuit for generating the visual or audible alarm when the leakage current is greater than 300A and reproduces it through the alert unit.
  • the alarm generating circuit is configured to generate a disconnection alarm when the leakage current is greater than 650A and reproduce it through the alert unit (5) so that the operator disconnects the electrical substation.
  • the installation comprises a plurality of intensity transducers comprising the first intensity transducer and a second intensity transducer intended to be linked with a plurality of negative conductor cables, so that the first intensity transducer is linked to a single Negative conductor cable and the second intensity transducer is linked with up to 3 negative conductor cables.
  • the installation comprises a plurality of intensity transducers comprising the first intensity transducer, the second intensity transducer and a third intensity transducer intended to be linked with a plurality of negative conductor cables, so that the first transducer of intensity is linked with a single negative conductor cable, the second intensity transducer is linked with up to 2 negative conductor cables and the third intensity transducer is linked with from 3 to 5 negative conductor cables, depending on the electrical substation.
  • the installation comprises a plurality of intensity transducers comprising the first intensity transducer, the second intensity transducer, the third intensity transducer and a fourth intensity transducer intended to be linked with a plurality of negative conductor cables, of so that the first intensity transducer is linked with a single negative conductor cable, the second intensity transducer is linked with up to 2 negative conductor cables, the third intensity transducer is linked with up to 3 negative conductor cables, the fourth transducer Intensity is linked with from 4 to 5 negative conductor cables, depending on the electrical substation.
  • the installation comprises a plurality of intensity transducers comprising the first intensity transducer, the second intensity transducer, the third intensity transducer, the fourth intensity transducer and a fifth intensity transducer intended to be linked with a plurality of negative conductor cables, so that the first intensity transducer is linked with a single negative conductor cable, the second intensity transducer is linked with up to 2 negative conductor cables, The third intensity transducer is linked with up to 3 negative conductor cables, the fourth intensity transducer is linked with up to 4 negative conductor cables and the fifth intensity transducer is linked with up to 5 negative conductor cables.
  • the display of the alert unit is a touch screen that allows the operator to modify and interact with the control unit to access the memory and modify the intensity parameters, classify the alarms, perform diagnostics of the electrical installation and obtain information , for example, live, of the measurements of the different intensity, feeder and earth transducers.
  • a system is obtained that reduces the times in the revision of the connections of the negative conductor cables for the maintenance personnel of the rail transport network, without it being necessary to periodically move the maintenance personnel to perform tasks of preventive maintenance.
  • this system when detecting the cut before the complete lack of intensity of return in the electrical installation which allows to avoid the extra costs derived from exceeding the contracted power, as well as reducing the delay times that can occur in the circulation of the trains due to lack of load on the line. It also allows constant verification of the status of negative drivers against theft.
  • Figure 1. Shows a schematic view of the system installed in the rail network. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
  • the system (1) comprises a plurality of current transducers (3), a feeder transducer (2), a ground transducer (10), a control unit (4) and an alert unit (5).
  • the intensity transducers (3) are hall effect sensors linked to a first analog / digital signal converter installed in the negative well of an electrical substation (6) of the rail transport network (7).
  • each hall effect sensor is linked to its group of negative conductor cables (8) present in said well configured as established in the control unit (4) of the system (1).
  • the feeder transducer (2) comprises a hall effect sensor, linked with a second analog / digital signal converter, intended to be linked with at least one positive feeder (9) of the electrical substation (6), to measure the intensity consumed by the positive feeder (9).
  • the ground transducer (10) comprises a hall effect sensor intended to be linked, with a third analog / digital signal converter, with the ground plate (1 1) in the negative well of the electrical substation (6 ), to measure the intensity provided by any external power supply.
  • the electrical substation (6) comprises the following numbers of negative conductor cables (8), not individually represented, the number and position of the current transducers (3) vary as follows:
  • negative conductor cables (8) implies two current transducers (3), one for each negative conductor cable (8) with an intensity ratio of 1 to 1.
  • 3 negative conductor cables (8) involves two current transducers (3). One on a negative conductor cable (8) and the other on two negative conductor cables (8), with an intensity ratio of 1 to 2.
  • negative conductor cables (8) involves two current transducers (3). One on a negative conductor cable (8) and the other on three negative conductor cables (8), with an intensity ratio of 1 to 3.
  • 5 negative conductor cables (8) involves three current transducers (3). One on a negative conductor cable (8), another on a negative conductor cable (8) and the third on three negative conductor cables (8) with an intensity ratio of 1 to 1 to 3.
  • 6 negative conductor cables (8) involves three current transducers (3). One on a negative conductor cable (8), another on two negative conductor cables (8) and the third on three negative conductor cables (8), with a ratio of intensities would be 1 to 2 to 3.
  • negative conductor wires (8) involve three current transducers (3).
  • One on a negative conductor cable (8), another on two negative conductor cables (8) and the third on four negative conductor cables (8), with a ratio of intensities would be 1 to 2 to 4.
  • negative conductors (8) involves three current transducers (3). One on a negative conductor cable (8), another on three negative conductor cables (8) and the third on four negative conductor cables (8), with a ratio of intensities would be 1 to 3 to 4.
  • 10 negative conductor cables (8) involves four current transducers (3).
  • 1 1 negative lead wires (8) involves four current transducers (3). One on a negative conductor cable (8), another on two negative conductor cables (8), another on three negative conductor cables (8) and the fourth on five negative conductor cables (8), with an intensity ratio it would be 1 to 2 to 3 to 5.
  • 12 negative conductor cables (8) involves four current transducers (3). One on a negative conductor cable (8), another on two negative conductor cables (8), another on four negative conductor cables (8) and the fourth on five negative conductor cables (8), with a ratio of intensities would be 1 to 2 to 4 to 5.
  • 13 negative conductor cables (8) involves four current transducers (3). One on a negative conductor cable (8), another on three negative conductor cables (8), another on four negative conductor cables (8) and the fourth on five negative conductor cables (8), with an intensity ratio it would be 1 to 3 to 4 to 5.
  • 15 negative conductor wires (8) involve five current transducers (3).
  • One on a negative conductor cable (8), another on two negative conductor cables (8), another on three negative conductor cables (8), another on four negative conductor cables (8) and the fifth on five conductor cables of negative (8), with a ratio of intensities would be 1 to
  • the system (1) is independent of the material and the section of the negative conductor cables (8).
  • the hall effect sensors of the current transducers (3) acquire the intensity measurements of each previously linked negative conductor cable (8) and are easily installed on the negative conductor cable (8), without having to disconnect These negative conductor cables (8) for installation. In this way, the intensity transducers (3) do not affect the normal operation of the return circulations to the electrical substation, avoid risks for personnel working in the installation of the device, and are easily installable.
  • the measurements of these current transducers (3) reach a first means of communication of the control unit (4) through a data bus that links the current (3) and feeder (2) transducers to the first medium of the control unit (4). Additionally, the control unit (4) also receives through this data bus the measurements of the ground transducer (10) that is linked to the ground plate (1 1) of the electrical substation (6).
  • control unit (4) comprises a memory which in turn comprises instructions for detecting cuts and leakage currents, and a microprocessor linked to said memory.
  • This microprocessor through the measurements of each hall effect sensor and the instructions for detecting cuts and leakage currents, monitors the state of each of the negative conductor cables (8) and detects whether a cut or a leakage current in any of them. When it detects such a cut or leak, it generates an alarm to notify the operator through the alert unit (5).
  • control unit (4) can detect a cut-off or a leakage current produced by a current input from an external power supply. Additionally, the control unit (4) comprises a second means of communication intended to establish communication with the alert unit (5) so that it notifies the alerts to the operator that can be found in the electrical substation (6) and / or distance in a control center.
  • the control unit (4) is a control PLC
  • the first means of communication are a first plurality of analog inputs to connect the current transducers (3) to the PLC, a second plurality of analog inputs to connect the transducer of feeder (2), and a third plurality of analog inputs to connect the ground transducer (10) to the PLC
  • the second means of communication is a plurality of digital inputs intended to connect to the alert unit (5).
  • the second means of communication can be both wired and wireless and therefore the control unit (4) comprises an Ethernet port and / or a WiFi antenna for connecting said digital inputs with the alert unit (5).
  • the alert unit (5) comprises a touch screen that allows the operator to interact with the control unit (4) to access the memory and modify the intensity parameters, classify the alarms, perform diagnostics of the electrical installation and obtain information on transducer measurements (2, 3, 10). Additionally, the alert unit (5) comprises a loudspeaker for reproducing an audible alert signal, while the touch screen can reproduce a visual alarm signal.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système permettant la détection de coupures dans des câbles conducteurs de négatif et de courants de fuite dans des câbles conducteurs de négatif (8) dans des installations électriques d'un réseau de transport ferroviaire (7). Concrètement, ce système comprend : au moins un transducteur d'intensité (3) destiné à être installé dans au moins un des câbles conducteurs de négatif (8) du puits de négatifs de l'installation électrique, lequel transducteur d'intensité (3) est relié à une unité de commande (4) qui est elle-même reliée à une unité d'alerte (5). Ainsi, lorsqu'il se produit une coupure ou un courant de fuite dans ledit câble conducteur de négatif (8), cet événement est détecté et notifié à un opérateur.
PCT/ES2018/070138 2017-02-23 2018-02-23 Système permettant la détection de coupures dans des câbles conducteurs de négatif et de courants de fuite dans des installations électriques WO2018154170A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201730237 2017-02-23
ES201730237A ES2680394B1 (es) 2017-02-23 2017-02-23 Sistema para la deteccion de cortes en cables conductores de negativo y corrientes de fuga en instalaciones electricas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018154170A1 true WO2018154170A1 (fr) 2018-08-30

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PCT/ES2018/070138 WO2018154170A1 (fr) 2017-02-23 2018-02-23 Système permettant la détection de coupures dans des câbles conducteurs de négatif et de courants de fuite dans des installations électriques

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ES (1) ES2680394B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018154170A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112557831A (zh) * 2021-02-24 2021-03-26 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 一种带加强线的直接供电方式牵引网故障测距方法
EP3819162A1 (fr) * 2019-11-11 2021-05-12 Rail Power Systems GmbH Système d'alimentation électrique ferroviaire et procédé de surveillance de l'intégrité d'au moins un conducteur de raccordement de retour d'une connection de retour pour le courant de traction
CN113071322A (zh) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-06 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 一种交流漏电检测装置的控制方法、装置及轨道车辆

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2924781B2 (es) * 2022-04-12 2023-02-20 Adif Alta Velocidad Sistema para la deteccion de defectos en instalaciones de alimentacion electrica ferroviaria y procedmiento para dicho sistema

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4117463A (en) * 1976-07-28 1978-09-26 Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co. Ltd. Circuit fault detection apparatus for railroad track circuit redundant connections
WO2005119871A1 (fr) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-15 Korea Railroad Research Institute Systeme de relais de protection contre des courts-circuits a la masse directionnels et differentiels, pour systeme d'alimentation en puissance de traction en cc non mis a la terre, et appareil a relais de protection contre des courts-circuits a la masse pour detecter des courants de court-circuit a la masse
US20120286963A1 (en) * 2009-12-29 2012-11-15 Harald Ruediger Monitoring device for de-energized catenary systems or overhead lines
US20150343921A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2015-12-03 Ansaldo Sts S.P.A. Self-insulated modular power supply line

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4117463A (en) * 1976-07-28 1978-09-26 Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co. Ltd. Circuit fault detection apparatus for railroad track circuit redundant connections
WO2005119871A1 (fr) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-15 Korea Railroad Research Institute Systeme de relais de protection contre des courts-circuits a la masse directionnels et differentiels, pour systeme d'alimentation en puissance de traction en cc non mis a la terre, et appareil a relais de protection contre des courts-circuits a la masse pour detecter des courants de court-circuit a la masse
US20120286963A1 (en) * 2009-12-29 2012-11-15 Harald Ruediger Monitoring device for de-energized catenary systems or overhead lines
US20150343921A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2015-12-03 Ansaldo Sts S.P.A. Self-insulated modular power supply line

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3819162A1 (fr) * 2019-11-11 2021-05-12 Rail Power Systems GmbH Système d'alimentation électrique ferroviaire et procédé de surveillance de l'intégrité d'au moins un conducteur de raccordement de retour d'une connection de retour pour le courant de traction
CN112557831A (zh) * 2021-02-24 2021-03-26 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 一种带加强线的直接供电方式牵引网故障测距方法
CN112557831B (zh) * 2021-02-24 2021-05-28 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 一种带加强线的直接供电方式牵引网故障测距方法
CN113071322A (zh) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-06 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 一种交流漏电检测装置的控制方法、装置及轨道车辆
CN113071322B (zh) * 2021-04-08 2022-04-26 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 一种交流漏电检测装置的控制方法、装置及轨道车辆

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ES2680394B1 (es) 2019-06-18

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