WO2018147174A1 - Adsorbant, corps de traitement d'eau contaminée, et site de traitement de décharge/route revêtue utilisant un adsorbant - Google Patents

Adsorbant, corps de traitement d'eau contaminée, et site de traitement de décharge/route revêtue utilisant un adsorbant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018147174A1
WO2018147174A1 PCT/JP2018/003524 JP2018003524W WO2018147174A1 WO 2018147174 A1 WO2018147174 A1 WO 2018147174A1 JP 2018003524 W JP2018003524 W JP 2018003524W WO 2018147174 A1 WO2018147174 A1 WO 2018147174A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
adsorbent
water
contaminated water
layer
water treatment
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PCT/JP2018/003524
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
▲斉▼星 趙
Original Assignee
▲斉▼星 趙
趙 淳星
竹本 浩
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Publication date
Application filed by ▲斉▼星 趙, 趙 淳星, 竹本 浩 filed Critical ▲斉▼星 趙
Priority to CN201880000227.2A priority Critical patent/CN108602045A/zh
Priority to PCT/JP2018/003524 priority patent/WO2018147174A1/fr
Priority to JP2018564995A priority patent/JP6554242B2/ja
Publication of WO2018147174A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018147174A1/fr
Priority to HK18114007.2A priority patent/HK1254908A1/zh
Priority to TW107146280A priority patent/TW201934215A/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B1/00—Dumping solid waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/18—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders
    • E01C7/26—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders mixed with other materials, e.g. cement, rubber, leather, fibre

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an adsorbent and a contaminated water treatment body using fine particulate clay mineral, and a landfill site and a paved road using the adsorbent.
  • wastes, heavy metals and organic pollutants leached from the incinerated ash and molten slag of the waste are adsorbed on the permeable clay mineral by contacting the permeable clay mineral. Therefore, the water-permeable clay mineral is placed close to and / or in contact with the harmful substance, and is adsorbed and fixed on the inner bottom surface portion or the inner side surface portion of the landfill disposal space.
  • a waste disposal site in which a detoxifying method for detoxifying substances that prevents diffusion due to elution of the detrimental substances is provided by providing an adsorption layer of clay minerals and adsorbing and fixing the detrimental substances.
  • a water-permeable clay layer is laminated, a water-impervious sheet is laminated on the water-permeable clay mineral adsorption layer laminated on the low-water-permeable clay layer, and the water-impervious sheet is again laminated on the water-impervious sheet.
  • Adsorbed layer of permeable clay mineral Is the accommodating space is provided, wherein the water-permeable clay mineral, those which include at least allophane and / or imogolite disposal sites (refer to Patent Document 1) waste, has been proposed by the applicant earlier.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 a paper on the effectiveness (see Non-Patent Document 1) has been submitted by the present applicant and the like. In this paper, it is verified that allophane is effective as an adsorbent that adsorbs cesium ions, but an adsorbent configured to have more efficient adsorption performance, and landfill disposal using the adsorbent There are no mentions of fields, paved roads, and contaminated water treatment bodies.
  • a method for treating contaminated water using clay properties to purify contaminated water in which metal ions are dissolved, and permeable clay mineral powder mainly composed of allophane is encapsulated as an adsorbent.
  • the water permeable powder storage bag is immersed in the contaminated water stored in the water tank so that the metal ion is adsorbed to the water permeable clay mineral powder by allowing the powder to pass through the required time.
  • a method characterized by pulling up the storage bag (see Patent Document 2) has been proposed.
  • the present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above object.
  • a fine particulate clay mineral having adsorptivity is mixed with the nanocellulose so as to be supported on the nanocellulose.
  • the clay mineral may be allophane and / or imogolite.
  • the adsorbent layer using the adsorbent is laid in a place where the waste is buried. it can.
  • the adsorbent layer using the adsorbent may be laid.
  • the adsorbent may be configured by being enclosed in a water-permeable powder storage bag.
  • the adsorbent may be provided as a block having a block-like or plate-like thickness.
  • the contaminated water treatment body which concerns on this invention, it is a water-permeable powder storage bag comprised by the sheet-like member by which the said adsorption body was interwoven. Can do.
  • the contaminated water treatment body which concerns on this invention, it is a water-permeable powder storage bag comprised by the sheet-like member with which the said adsorption body was apply
  • the landfill disposal site / paved road using the adsorbent can exhibit more efficient adsorption performance for the adsorption treatment of harmful substances using particulate clay minerals. It has a particularly advantageous effect that a simple and effective configuration can be provided.
  • the adsorbent according to the present invention is characterized in that an adsorbent fine particulate clay mineral is mixed with the nanocellulose so as to be supported on the nanocellulose. This adsorbent can be removed by adsorbing harmful substances such as heavy metal ions by the action of clay minerals.
  • the adsorbent according to the present invention it is possible to uniformly disperse the fine-particle clay mineral in a state of being supported on nanocellulose. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the fine-particle clay minerals from adhering to each other and agglomerate and solidify into a clay shape, and to increase and maintain the surface area to improve the adsorption performance. Moreover, since nanocellulose has the property which is rich in water absorption, the water permeability as said adsorption body can also be improved. Also by this, adsorption
  • the adsorbent when the adsorbent is mixed with nanocellulose, the adsorbent has a self-repairing function and can maintain its adsorption performance when arranged in layers to form an adsorption layer. That is, even if the adsorption layer according to the present invention is temporarily destroyed by an external force such as an earthquake, the adsorption performance can be recovered because the adsorption layer has a property of self-repairing with time.
  • Nanocellulose is a general term for cellulose nanofibers and cellulose nanocrystals, and is obtained by refining plant fibers to nanosize.
  • Cellulose nanofibers are generally nanofibers having a width of 4 to 100 nm and a length of 5000 nm or more, and can be produced at a relatively low cost by mechanical defibrating technology.
  • resources that have been difficult to use such as bamboo forests and miscellaneous trees can be used effectively.
  • the fine particle clay mineral and nanocellulose may be mixed in a dry manner, but can be more efficiently and uniformly performed by a wet process in which water is used as a medium.
  • Nanocellulose typified by cellulose nanofibers and fine particulate clay minerals have an affinity for their size. For this reason, it has been found that fine particulate clay minerals have the property of being easily mixed and supported by nanocellulose.
  • the clay mineral may be allophane and / or imogolite. Allophane and imogolite are water-permeable clay minerals that can effectively adsorb and fix toxic substances such as metal ions in a water-mediated environment.
  • clay minerals in addition to allophane and imogolite, there are montmorillonite, kaolinite and zeolite. Allophane and imogolite are naturally permeable clay minerals that can be used at low cost.
  • the clay is generally a particle having a particle size of 5 ⁇ m or less, and the particles tend to adhere and aggregate to be hardened and lose water permeability.
  • the adsorbent is disposed in close proximity and / or in contact with hazardous substances such as waste, heavy metals eluted from the incinerated ash and molten slag, organic pollutants, etc. Can be adsorbed and fixed to prevent its diffusion.
  • the elution of heavy metals is performed using water such as rain water as a medium.
  • action by the adsorbent containing the clay mineral about the eluted heavy metal etc. is made
  • the clay mineral contained in the adsorbent Harmful substances can be effectively adsorbed and fixed. Since the chemical adsorption action of clay minerals is used, the adsorption efficiency is high and the detoxification effect is high.
  • An example of the waste that is rendered harmless is sewer sludge.
  • the adsorbent on which harmful substances are adsorbed and fixed may be melted in a melting furnace (see FIG. 1) by mixing and / or kneading the adsorbent with waste or its incinerated ash.
  • a melting furnace see FIG. 1
  • elution of heavy metals from the produced solidified product can be appropriately prevented even under acidic conditions.
  • Detoxification, insolubilization, prevention of diffusion, etc. of harmful substances such as heavy metals can be effectively realized by melting the adsorbent on which harmful substances are adsorbed. Further, the melted and solidified product can be appropriately reused as detoxified civil engineering materials.
  • the adsorption layer 20 using the adsorbent is a place where waste is landfilled as shown in FIG. It is laid in. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the adsorbent adsorption layer 20 (adsorption layer 20 ⁇ / b> A on the inner bottom surface portion) is formed on the inner bottom surface portion and inner side surface portion (slope surface portion) that form the storage space of the landfill disposal site (final disposal site).
  • the adsorption layer 20B at the slope and adsorbing and fixing the harmful substances as described above, diffusion due to the elution of the harmful substances can be prevented.
  • the low water-permeable clay layer 40, the adsorption layer 20 (20 ⁇ / b> A and 20 ⁇ / b> B), the water shielding sheet 45, and the adsorption layer 20 are laminated in this order on the base layer 50, and the waste 10 is disposed thereon. Is placed and covered with soil (covering layer 30). Further, an adsorption layer 20, a waste 10, and a cover soil layer 30 are further formed thereon and backfilled.
  • the adsorption layer 20 is provided on the downstream side of the water that permeates the waste 10. For this reason, even if harmful substances such as heavy metals are eluted, they can be appropriately adsorbed and captured by the adsorption layer 20 and further prevent contamination of deep soil and groundwater. That is, it is possible to appropriately prevent the diffusion of harmful pollutants. And since the said adsorbent (adsorption layer 20) accept
  • the above adsorbent may be used as at least a part of the soil covering layer 30.
  • the adsorption capacity of harmful substances can be increased, and the diffusion thereof can be suitably prevented.
  • the adsorption layer using the said adsorption body can be laid, It can be characterized by the above-mentioned.
  • the incinerated ash, or the waste road and the molten slag formed by melting the incinerated ash are laid as a part of the laminated material of the inner layer and paved.
  • the present invention can also be applied to.
  • the adsorbent can be mixed with molten slag as a substitute for sand, gravel or crushed stone and used as a paving material. According to this, harmful substances such as heavy metals eluted from molten slag and the like are adsorbed by the adsorbent by contacting the adsorbent, and the diffusion of the harmful substances can be prevented.
  • the adsorption layer 20 provided by the adsorbent may be laid below the layer 60 on which molten slag or the like is laid.
  • the adsorption layer 20 is laid on the base layer 50, and the layer 60 in which molten slag or the like is laid on the upper layer is provided.
  • the layer 60 on which the molten slag is laid is generally a layer that becomes a base of the pavement by civil engineering materials such as sand, gravel and crushed stone, and the molten slag substitutes for sand, gravel and crushed stone. It is a layer used as at least part of civil engineering materials. According to this, waste (molten slag) can be reused suitably as a civil engineering material.
  • the adsorbing layer 20 is provided again on the layer 60 on which the molten slag is spread, and the surface layer is covered with the asphalt 70.
  • harmful substances such as heavy metals eluted from the molten slag can be adsorbed and fixed by the lower adsorption layer 20, and organic pollutants eluted from the asphalt 70 are adsorbed and fixed by the upper adsorption layer 20. be able to. Therefore, the diffusion of harmful substances can be suitably prevented.
  • the adsorbent can be used as an improvement material for soil-contaminated land by utilizing its adsorption and fixing action of harmful substances.
  • the adsorbent body 150 is configured by being enclosed in a water-permeable powder storage bag 100. It is characterized by. As will be described later, this contaminated water treatment body can adsorb and remove contaminants present in the contaminated water by being immersed in the contaminated water.
  • the adsorbent is provided as a block having a block-like or plate-like thickness.
  • this contaminated water treatment body can easily prevent the diffusion of the pollutants by arranging them appropriately. it can.
  • nanocellulose is dried as a block-like or plate-like mass including plates, layers, sheets, etc., it produces high structural strength, absorbs water and swells, but can maintain the mass form
  • This embodiment has a function, and this embodiment applies its properties.
  • the contaminated water treatment body which concerns on this invention, it is a water-permeable powder storage bag comprised by the sheet-like member 100 with which the said adsorption body was interwoven. .
  • the powder storage bag 100 a function capable of improving water absorption and adsorbing and removing contaminants can be appropriately imparted to itself.
  • the water-permeable powder storage bag 100 is constituted by a sheet-like member to which the adsorbent is applied.
  • the function of improving the water absorption and adsorbing and removing contaminants can be easily given to the powder storage bag 100 itself.
  • the water permeable powder storage bag 100 in which the adsorbent 150 is enclosed is immersed in the contaminated water 210 stored in the water tank 200. Then, after the metal ion is adsorbed on the adsorbent 150 by passing a required time, the powder storage bag 100 is pulled up.
  • the powder storage bag 100 is a flexible container bag (hereinafter referred to as “flexible container”) including a suspender 110, and the powder storage bag 100 is conveyed using the suspender 110. Further, the contaminated water treatment body is moved up and down and immersed in the contaminated water 210.
  • the flexible container 100 has a uniform fine eye (high water permeability, but can prevent the fine substance from flowing out, so that the adsorbent 150 (fine substance such as fine particles containing powdery adsorbent) does not flow out. Mesh) and a strength of a bag capable of holding the adsorbent containing water.
  • the contaminated water treatment process will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the flexible container 100 whose upper surface is opened is filled with the adsorbent 150, and the upper surface is closed and sealed (see FIG. 2).
  • the contaminated water 210 is poured into the water tank 200 and stored.
  • the flexible container 100 is slowly lowered from the upper surface of the water tank 200 in a state where the flexible container 100 is hung using the suspension hand 110 in the water tank 200 whose upper surface is opened, and is immersed in the contaminated water 210. .
  • the flexible container 100 is left in a state of being immersed in the contaminated water 210 so that the metal ions are adsorbed until the concentration is lower than the required concentration.
  • vibration and water flow may be generated in the contaminated water 210 in the water tank 200.
  • the contact of the adsorbent 150 and the contaminated water 210 may be promoted by moving the flexible container 100 in the contaminated water 210 by shaking it.
  • the concentration of metal ions in the water purified in the water tank 200 is appropriately checked to determine whether or not it is below the reference value, the flexible container 100 in which the adsorbent 150 is enclosed. It is possible to optimize the time for soaking in the contaminated water 210.
  • the flexible container 100 in which the adsorbent 150 is sealed is dehydrated as shown in FIG.
  • the adsorbent 150 has high water permeability, water drainage related to dehydration is quick.
  • the concentration of metal ions in the flowing water or the purified water in the water tank 200 it can be determined whether or not it is below the reference value.
  • allophane which is an example of a clay mineral constituting the adsorbent 150, has a property of being positively charged under acidic conditions and negatively charged under alkaline conditions, and can attract and adsorb metal ions.
  • cesium ions are positive ions, allophane has a high function of adsorbing and removing cesium ions in an alkaline state.
  • a contaminated water treatment body for purifying contaminated water in which flowing metal ions are dissolved will be described.
  • a water permeable powder storage bag 100 in which the adsorbent 150 is sealed is disposed so as to dam the running water of the contaminated water. While the contaminated water permeates the adsorbent 150, metal ions are adsorbed on the adsorbent 150.
  • the contaminated water can be purified by arranging the powder storage bag 100 so as to place a curb at the edge of the side groove, blocking the flowing water of the contaminated water, and adsorbing the metal ions to the adsorbent 150.
  • the powder storage bag 100 is a sandbag-like bag, and, like the flexible container 100 described above, is a bag provided with a fine mesh cloth material so that the fine particles of the adsorbent 150 do not flow out. It may be. That is, as a bag that is provided with a uniform fine mesh cloth material that is high in water permeability but can prevent the loss of fine particles, or a sheet material or film material corresponding to this, and that can hold an adsorbent 150 containing water. It is only necessary to be provided with the following strength, and it is not limited to a single layer structure, and may be provided in a multilayer structure.
  • allophane which is a water-permeable clay mineral
  • Kanuma soil is mainly composed of allophane, and can be adjusted as a fine particle to adjust water permeability, and can be used as a clay mineral of the adsorbent 150 according to the present invention.
  • Zeolite fine powder may be used as at least part of the clay mineral mixed in the adsorbent 150.
  • allophane and zeolite can be used as clay minerals. According to this, both the feature that allophane has high water permeability and the feature that adsorption performance of zeolite is high can be utilized, and the synergistic effect thereof can be obtained.
  • zeolite has a saturated adsorption amount that is 140 times or more higher than that of allophane, for example, for cesium ions (from the data of Non-Patent Document 1), and its adsorption performance is extremely high, but water permeability is poor and expensive There is a demerit that it is.
  • the adsorption performance can be further improved by adjusting the powder of water-permeable clay mineral such as allophane or the powder of zeolite to be a fine powder that has passed through a sieve having an opening of 1 mm or less.
  • the powder of water-permeable clay mineral such as allophane or the powder of zeolite to be a fine powder that has passed through a sieve having an opening of 1 mm or less.
  • grains of powder are large, especially when adsorb
  • allophane has high water permeability, it is possible to enjoy the merit of improving the adsorption performance by using smaller particles. For example, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, a fine powder that has passed through a sieve having an opening of 180 ⁇ m can be obtained.
  • the powder storage bag 100 in which the powder 150 of the water-permeable clay mineral adsorbing metal ions is enclosed is formed by the clay mineral laid on the base layer 500 so as to adsorb metal ions. They are placed side by side on the adsorption layer 300 and stored by covering the powder storage bag 100 with a clay mineral covering 400.
  • the clay soil covering 400 is used as an adsorption layer that also serves as the soil covering 400, and the powder storage bag 100 is placed side by side on the adsorption layer that also serves as the soil covering 400. By storing 400, the powder storage bag 100 is stored.
  • the clay mineral adsorption layer 300 and the covering soil 400 can pass water, so that acidification due to accumulation of acidity of acid rain is prevented and contamination is caused. The outflow of things can be prevented. Even if metal ions flow out of the powder storage bag 100, the metal ions can be adsorbed by the clay mineral adsorbing layer 300 or the covering soil 400, so that the outside of the treatment site is not contaminated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention est de fournir un adsorbant, un corps de traitement d'eau contaminée, et un site de traitement de décharge/route revêtue utilisant l'adsorbant. L'adsorbant fourni a une structure simple et efficace qui utilise des minéraux argileux particulaires fins et présente des propriétés d'adsorption hautement efficaces. La solution selon l'invention porte sur un adsorbant formé par mélange de particules fines d'argile particulaire ayant des propriétés d'adsorption avec de la nanocellulose de façon à être supportées par la nanocellulose. Les minéraux argileux peuvent être allophane et/ou imogolite. L'adsorbant peut être utilisé dans des corps de traitement d'eau contaminée, des sites de traitement de décharge et des routes revêtues.
PCT/JP2018/003524 2018-02-02 2018-02-02 Adsorbant, corps de traitement d'eau contaminée, et site de traitement de décharge/route revêtue utilisant un adsorbant WO2018147174A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201880000227.2A CN108602045A (zh) 2018-02-02 2018-02-02 吸附体和污染水处理体、使用了吸附体的填埋处理场、铺砌道路
PCT/JP2018/003524 WO2018147174A1 (fr) 2018-02-02 2018-02-02 Adsorbant, corps de traitement d'eau contaminée, et site de traitement de décharge/route revêtue utilisant un adsorbant
JP2018564995A JP6554242B2 (ja) 2018-02-02 2018-02-02 吸着体及び汚染水処理体、吸着体を用いた埋立処分場・舗装道路
HK18114007.2A HK1254908A1 (zh) 2018-02-02 2018-11-02 吸附體和污染水處理體、使用了吸附體的填埋處理場、鋪砌道路
TW107146280A TW201934215A (zh) 2018-02-02 2018-12-20 吸附體及汙染水處理體、使用吸附體填埋處理場、鋪砌道路

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PCT/JP2018/003524 WO2018147174A1 (fr) 2018-02-02 2018-02-02 Adsorbant, corps de traitement d'eau contaminée, et site de traitement de décharge/route revêtue utilisant un adsorbant

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WO (1) WO2018147174A1 (fr)

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WO2009157501A1 (fr) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-30 竹本 淳 Procédé de détoxification d'une substance nocive, site de mise au rebut de déchets et route revêtue
JP2013510963A (ja) * 2009-11-16 2013-03-28 テトゥラ・ラバル・ホールディングス・アンド・ファイナンス・ソシエテ・アノニム 強いナノペーパー
JP2015114180A (ja) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-22 クリアーシステム株式会社 放射能汚染水の処理具とそれを使用した放射能汚染水の処理方法
JP2017529230A (ja) * 2014-08-15 2017-10-05 ハロソース， インコーポレイテッド 粒状濾過媒体混合物および水浄化における使用
JP2017049186A (ja) * 2015-09-03 2017-03-09 東洋クロス株式会社 ストロンチウム・セシウム同時吸着シート

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CN108602045A (zh) 2018-09-28
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HK1254908A1 (zh) 2019-08-02
JP6554242B2 (ja) 2019-07-31

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