WO2018142067A1 - Heat exchanger header - Google Patents

Heat exchanger header Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018142067A1
WO2018142067A1 PCT/FR2018/050225 FR2018050225W WO2018142067A1 WO 2018142067 A1 WO2018142067 A1 WO 2018142067A1 FR 2018050225 W FR2018050225 W FR 2018050225W WO 2018142067 A1 WO2018142067 A1 WO 2018142067A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collector
cover
peripheral groove
retaining elements
plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2018/050225
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Andrzej Fudala
Mohamed Asri
Kamel Azzouz
Marcin MALIK
Adam KOLACZ
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Priority to US16/480,814 priority Critical patent/US20190390917A1/en
Priority to CN201880009443.3A priority patent/CN110325811B/en
Priority to EP18705700.5A priority patent/EP3577408B1/en
Publication of WO2018142067A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018142067A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • F28F9/0226—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers with resilient gaskets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/12—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements
    • F28F2275/122—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements by crimping, caulking or clinching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a collector for a heat exchanger and more particularly to a collector comprising a compressible sealing gasket disposed between a collector plate and a cover.
  • the heat exchanger manifolds generally comprise a header plate through which tubes and a cover covering the header plate pass so as to form a chamber in which a coolant can circulate.
  • the header plate generally has a peripheral groove inside which is placed a seal. The edges of the lid are inserted into the peripheral groove to compress the seal.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to at least partially overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a collector and a heat exchanger whose connection between the cover and the collector plate is improved.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a collector for a heat exchanger comprising:
  • collector plate including orifices for receiving tubes, said manifold plate comprising a peripheral groove
  • These retaining elements form stops and prevent the cover and more particularly the ends of its side walls from sinking beyond a certain limit in the peripheral groove. These retainers allow the seal 44 to be sufficiently compressed to seal while preventing it from being excessively compressed which could damage it.
  • the collector plate has a generally rectangular shape with two large sides and two small sides, the retaining elements bearing simultaneously on the two long sides and / or the two small sides simultaneously of said collector plate 4.
  • the retaining elements are formed on the outer face of the side walls and bear against the outer rim of the peripheral groove.
  • the outer rim of the peripheral groove comprises crimping tabs and the retaining elements abut between two crimping tabs.
  • the retaining elements are made on the inner face of the side walls and bear against the inner rim of the peripheral groove.
  • the lid on the same side of the plate the lid comprises a single continuous retention element along the length of said side of the header plate.
  • the cover on the same side of the header plate, the cover comprises at least two local retaining elements distributed along the length of said side of the header plate.
  • the local retaining elements are arranged so as to bear on the collector plate opposite the spaces between the orifices of said collector plate.
  • the retaining elements are made of material with the lid.
  • the present invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising a collector as described above.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a heat exchanger
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic sectional representation of the collector of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective representation of the connection between the cover and the collector plate according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view in section of the connection between the cover and the collector plate according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view in section of the connection between the cover and the collector plate according to a variant of the second embodiment
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective representation of the connection between the cover and the collector plate according to another variant of the second embodiment.
  • first element or second element as well as first parameter and second parameter or else first criterion and second criterion, etc.
  • first criterion and second criterion etc.
  • it is a simple indexing to differentiate and name elements or parameters or criteria close but not identical.
  • This indexing does not imply a priority of one element, parameter or criterion with respect to another, and it is easy to interchange such denominations without departing from the scope of the present description.
  • This indexing does not imply either an order in time for example to appreciate such or such criteria.
  • FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger 1, generally of parallelepipedal shape, comprising a beam formed of a multitude of tubes 2 to inside which can circulate a first heat transfer fluid.
  • the tubes 2 are of oval or oblong section, defined by a major axis and a minor axis and are arranged parallel to each other so as to form a row of tubes 2.
  • the tubes 2 and the spacers 6 are generally made of metal.
  • the tubes 2 and the spacers 6 forming the bundle may be fixed together by brazing.
  • the spacers 6 are then called spacers and are for example corrugated or crenellated strips, placed between the tubes 2 and fixed to said tubes 2 by soldering. This is called a brazed beam.
  • the tubes 2 and the spacers 6 forming the bundle can be fixed together by mechanical fastening.
  • the spacers 6 are then called fins and are for example metal plates having orifices in which the tubes 2 pass.
  • the tubes 2 are fixed in these orifices by expansion of their diameter. This is called a mechanical beam.
  • the heat exchanger 1 also comprises two manifolds 3 or water boxes, a manifold 3 being disposed at each end of the tubes 2. These manifolds 3 each comprise a header plate 4 and a cover 8 coming to cover the header plate 4 and close the manifold 3 so as to form a chamber 30 (visible in Figure 2) in which can circulate the first heat transfer fluid. These collectors 3 allow the collection and / or distribution of the first heat transfer fluid so that it circulates in the tubes 2.
  • the collector plate 4 is sealingly connected between the collector 3 and the bundle of tubes 2.
  • the collector plate 4 may be of generally rectangular shape with two long sides and two small sides.
  • the collector plate 4 also comprises a multitude of orifices having a shape corresponding to the shape of the section of the tubes 2 and adapted to receive the ends of the tubes 2. The orifices are therefore arranged in a row parallel to the large side of the collector plate 4.
  • the tubes 2 can be fixed to the header plate 4 in a sealed manner by soldering, which is called a brazed heat exchanger.
  • the tubes 2, the spacers 6 and the collector plates 4 may be made of a metal material including aluminum or aluminum alloy in order to have good thermal conductivity and allow brazing.
  • the cover 8 can be made of plastic material.
  • the tubes 2 can be attached to the header plate 4 mechanically with the intervention of a seal, it is called mechanical heat exchanger.
  • the manifold 3 as a whole that is to say the manifold plate 4 and the cover 8, can be made of plastic.
  • the collector plate 4 has a peripheral groove 42 on its entire periphery.
  • the cover 8 has lateral walls 81 inserted into the throat. peripheral 42 and compressing a seal 44 inserted in the peripheral groove 42 to ensure sealing.
  • the cover 8 can in particular be held against the collector plate 4 by crimping tabs 43 disposed on the outer rim 41 of the peripheral groove 42 and bent over a shoulder 80 of the cover 8 disposed at the ends of its side walls 81.
  • external rim 41 of the peripheral groove 42 here means the flange which is on the outside of the manifold 3, that is to say the furthest from the orifices of the header plate 4.
  • the side walls 81 of the cover 8 comprise protruding retaining elements 82 that bear against the collector plate 4.
  • These retainers 82 form stops and prevent the cover 8 and more particularly the ends of its side walls 81 to sink beyond a certain limit in the peripheral groove 42.
  • These retaining elements 82 are arranged on the side walls 81 of the cover 8 at a distance from the ends of these side walls 81 so that the seal 44 is sufficiently compressed to seal while preventing it from being excessively compressed which could damage it.
  • the retaining elements 82 bear on its two long sides and / or its two small sides simultaneously to retain the depression of the cover 8.
  • these retaining elements 82 are made of material with the cover 8 and can thus be made at the same time as the cover 8, for example by molding when the cover 8 is made of plastics material.
  • the retaining elements 82 are made on the external face of the lateral walls 81.
  • the retaining elements 82 may thus be a shoulder of the lateral wall 81 which bears on the rim. outside 41 of the peripheral groove 42.
  • outer face is meant here the face of the cover 8 which is on the outside of the manifold 3, that is to say the furthest from the chamber 30.
  • the retaining elements 82 When the cover 8 is fixed by crimping and that the collector plate 4 has crimping tabs 43 on the outer rim 41 of the peripheral groove 42, the retaining elements 82 then bear against the crimping tabs 43 so as not to interfere. crimping. As shown in FIG. 3, the retaining elements 82 can thus bear against the outer rim 41 of the peripheral groove 42 at the level of a cutout 45 formed between two crimping lugs 43 before they are folded down on the outside. shoulder 80 of the cover 8. According to a second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6, the retaining elements 82 are made on the inner face of the side walls 81.
  • the retaining elements 82 may thus be shoulders of the side wall 81 which bear on the internal rim 41 of the peripheral groove 42 and bear against the internal rim of the peripheral groove 42.
  • internal face and internal rim one here means the face of the cover 8 and the rim of the peripheral groove 42 which are on the inside of the collector 3, ie that being inside the chamber 30.
  • the retaining elements 82 may also be a bevelled part of the side wall 81 which bears on the inner rim of the peripheral groove 42 and which blocks the end of the side wall 81 against the outer rim of the peripheral groove 42.
  • the retaining elements 82 are on the inner face of the side walls 81 allows the retaining elements 82 do not interfere with the attachment of the cover 8 including crimping and avoid the problems of positioning the cover 8 during assembly of the collector 3 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a first variant of the second embodiment in which, on the same side of the collector plate 4, the cover 8 comprises a single retaining element 82.
  • This retaining element 82 is continuous along the length of the side of the manifold plate 4 for a good distribution of the pressure exerted by the fastening of the cover 8 and thus avoid a local collapse of the cover 8 in the peripheral groove 42 during attachment of said cover 8.
  • FIG. 5 shows a second variant of the second embodiment in which, on the same side of the header plate 4, the cover 3 comprises at least two local retaining means 82 distributed along the length of said side of the header plate. 4.
  • the retaining elements 82 can bear both opposite the orifices of the collector plates 4 and spaces between two orifices if the distance between the edge of these orifices and the internal rim of the peripheral groove 42 is sufficient, as illustrated in FIG.
  • the local retaining elements 82 are arranged so as to be supported on the collector plate 4 opposite the spaces between the orifices of said collector plate 4 and are partially inserted into these spaces.
  • a retaining element 82 can be placed in the eye each tube hole.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a header (3) for heat exchanger (1) comprising: ◦ a header plate (4) comprising orifices intended to receive tubes (2), said header plate (4) comprising a peripheral groove (42), ◦ a compressible gasket (44) placed inside the peripheral groove (42), ◦ a cover (8) covering the header plate (4) and comprising lateral walls (81) which become inserted in the peripheral groove (42) and compress the gasket (44), the lateral walls (81) of the cover (8) comprising projecting retaining elements (82) that come to bear against the header plate (4).

Description

Collecteur pour échangeur de chaleur  Collector for heat exchanger
L'invention concerne un collecteur pour échangeur de chaleur et plus particulièrement un collecteur comportant un joint compressible d'étanchéité disposé entre une plaque collectrice et un couvercle. The invention relates to a collector for a heat exchanger and more particularly to a collector comprising a compressible sealing gasket disposed between a collector plate and a cover.
Les collecteurs d'échangeur de chaleur comportent généralement une plaque collectrice au travers de laquelle passent des tubes et un couvercle recouvrant la plaque collectrice de sorte à former une chambre dans laquelle un fluide caloporteur peut circuler. La plaque collectrice comporte généralement une gorge périphérique à l'intérieur de laquelle est placé un joint d'étanchéité. Les bords du couvercle viennent s'insérer dans la gorge périphérique afin de comprimer le joint d'étanchéité. The heat exchanger manifolds generally comprise a header plate through which tubes and a cover covering the header plate pass so as to form a chamber in which a coolant can circulate. The header plate generally has a peripheral groove inside which is placed a seal. The edges of the lid are inserted into the peripheral groove to compress the seal.
Cependant la fixation du couvercle sur la plaque collectrice, notamment par sertissage, peut conduire à une compression trop importante du joint d'étanchéité dans la gorge périphérique, ce qui peut entraîner sa détérioration et ainsi augmenter les risques de fuites dans le temps. Un des buts de la présente invention est donc de remédier au moins partiellement aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur et de proposer un collecteur et un échangeur de chaleur dont la liaison entre le couvercle et la plaque collectrice est améliorée. La présente invention concerne donc un collecteur pour échangeur de chaleur comportant :  However, the fixing of the cover on the collector plate, in particular by crimping, can lead to excessive compression of the seal in the peripheral groove, which can lead to its deterioration and thus increase the risk of leakage over time. An object of the present invention is therefore to at least partially overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a collector and a heat exchanger whose connection between the cover and the collector plate is improved. The present invention therefore relates to a collector for a heat exchanger comprising:
0 une plaque collectrice comprenant des orifices destinés à recevoir des tubes, ladite plaque collectrice comprenant une gorge périphérique, 0 a collector plate including orifices for receiving tubes, said manifold plate comprising a peripheral groove,
0 un joint d'étanchéité compressible disposé au sein de la gorge périphérique, 0 un couvercle recouvrant la plaque collectrice et comportant des parois latérales s 'insérant dans la gorge périphérique et comprimant le joint d'étanchéité, 0 a compressible seal disposed within the peripheral groove, 0 a lid covering the manifold plate and having sidewalls s inserting into the peripheral groove and compressing the gasket,
les parois latérales du couvercle comportant des éléments de retenue saillants venant s'appuyer sur la plaque collectrice.  the side walls of the cover having protruding retaining elements coming to bear on the collector plate.
Ces éléments de retenue forment des butés et viennent empêcher le couvercle et plus particulièrement les extrémités de ses parois latérales de s'enfoncer au-delà d'une certaine limite dans la gorge périphérique. Ces éléments de retenue permettent que le joint 44 soit suffisamment comprimé pour assurer l'étanchéité tout en évitant qu'il soit comprimer excessivement ce qui pourrait l'endommager.  These retaining elements form stops and prevent the cover and more particularly the ends of its side walls from sinking beyond a certain limit in the peripheral groove. These retainers allow the seal 44 to be sufficiently compressed to seal while preventing it from being excessively compressed which could damage it.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la plaque collectrice a une forme générale rectangulaire avec deux grands cotés et deux petits cotés, les éléments de retenue venant en appui simultanément sur les deux grands cotés et/ou les deux petits cotés simultanément de ladite plaque collectrice 4. According to one aspect of the invention, the collector plate has a generally rectangular shape with two large sides and two small sides, the retaining elements bearing simultaneously on the two long sides and / or the two small sides simultaneously of said collector plate 4.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les éléments de retenue sont réalisés sur la face externe des parois latérales et viennent en appui du rebord extérieur de la gorge périphérique. According to another aspect of the invention, the retaining elements are formed on the outer face of the side walls and bear against the outer rim of the peripheral groove.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le rebord extérieur de la gorge périphérique comporte des pattes de sertissage et les éléments de retenue viennent en appui entre deux pattes de sertissage. According to another aspect of the invention, the outer rim of the peripheral groove comprises crimping tabs and the retaining elements abut between two crimping tabs.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les éléments de retenue sont réalisés sur la face interne des parois latérales et viennent en appui du rebord interne de la gorge périphérique. According to another aspect of the invention, the retaining elements are made on the inner face of the side walls and bear against the inner rim of the peripheral groove.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, sur un même côté de la plaque collectrice, le couvercle comporte un unique élément de retenue continu sur la longueur dudit coté de la plaque collectrice. According to another aspect of the invention, on the same side of the plate the lid comprises a single continuous retention element along the length of said side of the header plate.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, sur un même côté de la plaque collectrice, le couvercle comporte au moins deux éléments de retenue locaux répartis sur la longueur dudit coté de la plaque collectrice. According to another aspect of the invention, on the same side of the header plate, the cover comprises at least two local retaining elements distributed along the length of said side of the header plate.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les éléments de retenue locaux sont disposés de sorte à être en appui sur la plaque collectrice en regard des espaces entre les orifices de ladite plaque collectrice. According to another aspect of the invention, the local retaining elements are arranged so as to bear on the collector plate opposite the spaces between the orifices of said collector plate.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les éléments de retenue viennent de matière avec le couvercle. According to another aspect of the invention, the retaining elements are made of material with the lid.
La présente invention concerne également un échangeur de chaleur comportant un collecteur tel que décrit précédement. The present invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising a collector as described above.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante, donnée à titre d'exemple illustratif et non limitatif, et des dessins annexés parmi lesquels : Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the following description, given by way of illustrative and nonlimiting example, and the appended drawings among which:
• la figure 1 montre une représentation schématique d'un échangeur de chaleur, FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a heat exchanger,
• la figure 2 montre une représentation schématique en coupe du collecteur de l'échangeur de chaleur de la figure 1, FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic sectional representation of the collector of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1,
• la figure 3 montre une représentation en perspective de la liaison entre le couvercle et la plaque collectrice selon un premier mode de réalisation, FIG. 3 shows a perspective representation of the connection between the cover and the collector plate according to a first embodiment,
• la figure 4 montre une représentation en perspective et en coupe de la liaison entre le couvercle et la plaque collectrice selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, • la figure 5 montre une représentation en perspective et en coupe de la liaison entre le couvercle et la plaque collectrice selon une variante du deuxième mode de réalisation, FIG. 4 shows a perspective view in section of the connection between the cover and the collector plate according to a second embodiment, FIG. 5 shows a perspective view in section of the connection between the cover and the collector plate according to a variant of the second embodiment,
• la figure 6 montre une représentation en perspective de la liaison entre le couvercle et la plaque collectrice selon une autre variante du deuxième mode de réalisation. FIG. 6 shows a perspective representation of the connection between the cover and the collector plate according to another variant of the second embodiment.
Les éléments identiques sur les différentes figures, portent les mêmes références. The identical elements in the different figures bear the same references.
Les réalisations suivantes sont des exemples. Bien que la description se réfère à un ou plusieurs modes de réalisation, ceci ne signifie pas nécessairement que chaque référence concerne le même mode de réalisation, ou que les caractéristiques s'appliquent seulement à un seul mode de réalisation. De simples caractéristiques de différents modes de réalisation peuvent également être combinées pour fournir d'autres réalisations. The following achievements are examples. Although the description refers to one or more embodiments, this does not necessarily mean that each reference relates to the same embodiment, or that the features apply only to a single embodiment. Simple features of different embodiments may also be combined to provide other embodiments.
Dans la présente description, on peut indexer certains éléments ou paramètres, comme par exemple premier élément ou deuxième élément ainsi que premier paramètre et second paramètre ou encore premier critère et deuxième critère etc. Dans ce cas, il s'agit d'un simple indexage pour différencier et dénommer des éléments ou paramètres ou critères proches mais non identiques. Cette indexation n'implique pas une priorité d'un élément, paramètre ou critère par rapport à un autre et on peut aisément interchanger de telles dénominations sans sortir du cadre de la présente description. Cette indexation n'implique pas non plus un ordre dans le temps par exemple pour apprécier tels ou tels critères. In the present description, it is possible to index certain elements or parameters, for example first element or second element as well as first parameter and second parameter or else first criterion and second criterion, etc. In this case, it is a simple indexing to differentiate and name elements or parameters or criteria close but not identical. This indexing does not imply a priority of one element, parameter or criterion with respect to another, and it is easy to interchange such denominations without departing from the scope of the present description. This indexing does not imply either an order in time for example to appreciate such or such criteria.
La figure 1 montre un échangeur de chaleur 1, généralement de forme parallélépipédique, comprenant un faisceau formé d'une multitude de tubes 2 à l'intérieur desquels peut circuler un premier fluide caloporteur. Les tubes 2 sont de section ovale ou oblongue, définie par un grand axe et un petit axe et sont disposés parallèlement entre eux de sorte un former une rangée de tubes 2. Entre les tubes 2, sont disposés des entretoises 6 qui agissent comme perturbateur et augmentent la surface d'échange thermique avec un deuxième fluide caloporteur passant entre les tubes 2. FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger 1, generally of parallelepipedal shape, comprising a beam formed of a multitude of tubes 2 to inside which can circulate a first heat transfer fluid. The tubes 2 are of oval or oblong section, defined by a major axis and a minor axis and are arranged parallel to each other so as to form a row of tubes 2. Between the tubes 2, there are spacers 6 which act as a disrupter and increase the heat exchange surface with a second heat transfer fluid passing between the tubes 2.
Les tubes 2 et les entretoises 6 sont généralement réalisés en métal. Les tubes 2 et les entretoises 6 formant le faisceau peuvent être fixés entre eux par brasage. Les entretoises 6 sont alors appelées intercalaires et sont par exemple des bandes ondulées ou crénelées, placées entre les tubes 2 et fixées auxdits tubes 2 par brasage. On parle alors de faisceau brasé. Les tubes 2 et les entretoises 6 formant le faisceau peuvent être fixés entre eux par fixation mécanique. Les entretoises 6 sont alors appelées ailettes et sont par exemple des plaques métalliques comportant des orifices dans lesquels passent les tubes 2. Les tubes 2 sont fixés dans ces orifices par expansion de leur diamètre. On parle alors de faisceau mécanique.  The tubes 2 and the spacers 6 are generally made of metal. The tubes 2 and the spacers 6 forming the bundle may be fixed together by brazing. The spacers 6 are then called spacers and are for example corrugated or crenellated strips, placed between the tubes 2 and fixed to said tubes 2 by soldering. This is called a brazed beam. The tubes 2 and the spacers 6 forming the bundle can be fixed together by mechanical fastening. The spacers 6 are then called fins and are for example metal plates having orifices in which the tubes 2 pass. The tubes 2 are fixed in these orifices by expansion of their diameter. This is called a mechanical beam.
L'échangeur de chaleur 1 comporte également deux collecteurs 3 ou boites à eau, un collecteur 3 étant disposé à chaque extrémité des tubes 2. Ces collecteurs 3 comportent chacun une plaque collectrice 4 et un couvercle 8 venant recouvrir la plaque collectrice 4 et refermer le collecteur 3 de sorte à former une chambre 30 (visible sur la figure 2) dans laquelle peut circuler le premier fluide caloporteur. Ces collecteurs 3 permettent la collecte et/ou la distribution du premier fluide caloporteur afin qu'il circule dans les tubes 2. The heat exchanger 1 also comprises two manifolds 3 or water boxes, a manifold 3 being disposed at each end of the tubes 2. These manifolds 3 each comprise a header plate 4 and a cover 8 coming to cover the header plate 4 and close the manifold 3 so as to form a chamber 30 (visible in Figure 2) in which can circulate the first heat transfer fluid. These collectors 3 allow the collection and / or distribution of the first heat transfer fluid so that it circulates in the tubes 2.
La plaque collectrice 4 fait la liaison de façon étanche entre le collecteur 3 et le faisceau de tubes 2. De plus, la plaque collectrice 4 peut être de forme générale rectangulaire avec deux grands cotés et deux petits cotés. La plaque collectrice 4 comporte également une multitude d'orifices ayant une forme correspondante à la forme de la section des tubes 2 et propres à recevoir les extrémités des tubes 2. Les orifices sont donc disposés en rangée parallèlement au grand côté de la plaque collectrice 4. The collector plate 4 is sealingly connected between the collector 3 and the bundle of tubes 2. In addition, the collector plate 4 may be of generally rectangular shape with two long sides and two small sides. The collector plate 4 also comprises a multitude of orifices having a shape corresponding to the shape of the section of the tubes 2 and adapted to receive the ends of the tubes 2. The orifices are therefore arranged in a row parallel to the large side of the collector plate 4.
Les tubes 2 peuvent être fixés à la plaque collectrice 4 de façon étanche par brasage, on parle alors d'échangeur de chaleur brasé. Les tubes 2, les entretoises 6 ainsi que les plaques collectrices 4 peuvent être réalisés dans un matériau métallique notamment en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium afin d'avoir une bonne conductivité thermique et permettre le brasage. Le couvercle 8 peut être quant à lui réalisé en matière plastique.  The tubes 2 can be fixed to the header plate 4 in a sealed manner by soldering, which is called a brazed heat exchanger. The tubes 2, the spacers 6 and the collector plates 4 may be made of a metal material including aluminum or aluminum alloy in order to have good thermal conductivity and allow brazing. The cover 8 can be made of plastic material.
Selon une alternative, les tubes 2 peuvent être fixés à la plaque collectrice 4 de façon mécanique avec intervention d'un joint d'étanchéité, on parle alors d'échangeur de chaleur mécanique. Avec ce mode de fixation, le collecteur 3 dans son ensemble, c'est-à-dire la plaque collectrice 4 et le couvercle 8, peut être réalisé en matière plastique.  Alternatively, the tubes 2 can be attached to the header plate 4 mechanically with the intervention of a seal, it is called mechanical heat exchanger. With this method of attachment, the manifold 3 as a whole, that is to say the manifold plate 4 and the cover 8, can be made of plastic.
Comme illustré à la figure 2 qui est une représentation schématique d'une coupe transversale d'un collecteur 3, la plaque collectrice 4 comporte sur toute sa périphérie une gorge périphérique 42. Le couvercle 8 comporte des parois latérales 81 s'insérant dans la gorge périphérique 42 et comprimant un joint d'étanchéité 44 inséré dans la gorge périphérique 42 afin d'assurer l'étanchéité. Le couvercle 8 peut notamment être maintenu contre la plaque collectrice 4 par des pattes de sertissage 43 disposées sur le rebord extérieur 41 de la gorge périphérique 42 et repliées sur un épaulement 80 du couvercle 8 disposé aux extrémités de ses parois latérales 81. Par rebord extérieur 41 de la gorge périphérique 42 on entend ici le rebord qui est du côté extérieur du collecteur 3, c'est à dire le plus éloigné des orifices de la plaque collectrice 4. As illustrated in FIG. 2, which is a diagrammatic representation of a cross-section of a collector 3, the collector plate 4 has a peripheral groove 42 on its entire periphery. The cover 8 has lateral walls 81 inserted into the throat. peripheral 42 and compressing a seal 44 inserted in the peripheral groove 42 to ensure sealing. The cover 8 can in particular be held against the collector plate 4 by crimping tabs 43 disposed on the outer rim 41 of the peripheral groove 42 and bent over a shoulder 80 of the cover 8 disposed at the ends of its side walls 81. By external rim 41 of the peripheral groove 42 here means the flange which is on the outside of the manifold 3, that is to say the furthest from the orifices of the header plate 4.
Comme le montrent les figures 3 à 6, les parois latérales 81 du couvercle 8 comportent des éléments de retenue 82 saillants venant s'appuyer sur la plaque collectrice 4. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the side walls 81 of the cover 8 comprise protruding retaining elements 82 that bear against the collector plate 4.
Ces éléments de retenue 82 forment des butés et viennent empêcher le couvercle 8 et plus particulièrement les extrémités de ses parois latérales 81 de s'enfoncer au-delà d'une certaine limite dans la gorge périphérique 42. Ces éléments de retenue 82 sont disposés sur les parois latérales 81 du couvercle 8 à une certaine distance des extrémités de ces parois latérales 81 de sorte que le joint 44 soit suffisamment comprimé pour assurer l'étanchéité tout en évitant qu'il soit comprimer excessivement ce qui pourrait l'endommager. These retainers 82 form stops and prevent the cover 8 and more particularly the ends of its side walls 81 to sink beyond a certain limit in the peripheral groove 42. These retaining elements 82 are arranged on the side walls 81 of the cover 8 at a distance from the ends of these side walls 81 so that the seal 44 is sufficiently compressed to seal while preventing it from being excessively compressed which could damage it.
Lorsque la plaque collectrice 4 a une forme générale rectangulaire avec deux grands cotés et deux petits cotés, les éléments de retenue 82 viennent en appui sur ses deux grands cotés et/ou ses deux petits cotés simultanément afin de retenir l'enfoncement du couvercle 8.  When the header plate 4 has a generally rectangular shape with two large sides and two small sides, the retaining elements 82 bear on its two long sides and / or its two small sides simultaneously to retain the depression of the cover 8.
De préférence ces éléments de retenue 82 viennent de matière avec le couvercle 8 et peuvent ainsi être réalisés en même temps que le couvercle 8 par exemple par moulage lorsque le couvercle 8 est réalisé en matière plastique. Selon un premier mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 3, les éléments de retenue 82 sont réalisés sur la face externe des parois latérales 81. Les éléments de retenue 82 peuvent ainsi être un épaulement de la paroi latérale 81 qui vient en appui sur le rebord extérieur 41 de la gorge périphérique 42. Par face externe on entend ici la face du couvercle 8 qui est du côté extérieur du collecteur 3, c'est à dire le plus éloigné de la chambre 30.  Preferably, these retaining elements 82 are made of material with the cover 8 and can thus be made at the same time as the cover 8, for example by molding when the cover 8 is made of plastics material. According to a first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, the retaining elements 82 are made on the external face of the lateral walls 81. The retaining elements 82 may thus be a shoulder of the lateral wall 81 which bears on the rim. outside 41 of the peripheral groove 42. By outer face is meant here the face of the cover 8 which is on the outside of the manifold 3, that is to say the furthest from the chamber 30.
Lorsque le couvercle 8 est fixé par sertissage et que la plaque collectrice 4 comporte des pattes de sertissage 43 sur le rebord extérieur 41 de la gorge périphérique 42, les éléments de retenue 82 viennent alors en appui entre les pattes de sertissage 43 pour ne pas gêner le sertissage. Comme le montre la figure 3, les éléments de retenue 82 peuvent être ainsi en appui sur le rebord extérieur 41 de la gorge périphérique 42 au niveau d'une découpe 45 ménagée entre deux pattes de sertissage 43 avant qu'elles ne soient rabattues sur l'épaulement 80 du couvercle 8. Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation illustré aux figure 4 à 6, les éléments de retenue 82 sont réalisés sur la face interne des parois latérales 81.When the cover 8 is fixed by crimping and that the collector plate 4 has crimping tabs 43 on the outer rim 41 of the peripheral groove 42, the retaining elements 82 then bear against the crimping tabs 43 so as not to interfere. crimping. As shown in FIG. 3, the retaining elements 82 can thus bear against the outer rim 41 of the peripheral groove 42 at the level of a cutout 45 formed between two crimping lugs 43 before they are folded down on the outside. shoulder 80 of the cover 8. According to a second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6, the retaining elements 82 are made on the inner face of the side walls 81.
Les éléments de retenue 82 peuvent ainsi être des épaulements de la paroi latérale 81 qui viennent en appui sur le rebord interne 41 de la gorge périphérique 42 et viennent en appui sur le rebord interne de la gorge périphérique 42. Par face interne et rebord interne on entend ici la face du couvercle 8 et le rebord de la gorge périphérique 42 qui sont du côté intérieur du collecteur 3, c'est à dire celui étant à l'intérieur de la chambre 30. The retaining elements 82 may thus be shoulders of the side wall 81 which bear on the internal rim 41 of the peripheral groove 42 and bear against the internal rim of the peripheral groove 42. By internal face and internal rim one here means the face of the cover 8 and the rim of the peripheral groove 42 which are on the inside of the collector 3, ie that being inside the chamber 30.
Les éléments de retenue 82 peuvent également être une partie biseautée de la paroi latérale 81 qui vient en appui sur le rebord interne de la gorge périphérique 42 et qui bloque l'extrémité de la paroi latérale 81 contre le rebord externe de la gorge périphérique 42.  The retaining elements 82 may also be a bevelled part of the side wall 81 which bears on the inner rim of the peripheral groove 42 and which blocks the end of the side wall 81 against the outer rim of the peripheral groove 42.
Le fait que les éléments de retenue 82 soient sur la face interne des parois latérales 81 permet que les éléments de retenue 82 ne gênent pas la fixation du couvercle 8 notamment le sertissage et évitent les problèmes de positionnement du couvercle 8 lors du montage du collecteur 3.  The fact that the retaining elements 82 are on the inner face of the side walls 81 allows the retaining elements 82 do not interfere with the attachment of the cover 8 including crimping and avoid the problems of positioning the cover 8 during assembly of the collector 3 .
La figure 4 montre une première variante du deuxième mode de réalisation dans laquelle, sur un même côté de la plaque collectrice 4, le couvercle 8 comporte un unique élément de retenue 82. Cet élément de retenue 82 est continu sur la longueur du coté de la plaque collectrice 4 pour une bonne répartition de la pression exercée par la fixation du couvercle 8 et ainsi éviter un affaissement local du couvercle 8 dans la gorge périphérique 42 lors de la fixation dudit couvercle 8. FIG. 4 shows a first variant of the second embodiment in which, on the same side of the collector plate 4, the cover 8 comprises a single retaining element 82. This retaining element 82 is continuous along the length of the side of the manifold plate 4 for a good distribution of the pressure exerted by the fastening of the cover 8 and thus avoid a local collapse of the cover 8 in the peripheral groove 42 during attachment of said cover 8.
La figure 5 montre quant à elle une deuxième variante du deuxième mode de réalisation dans laquelle, sur un même côté de la plaque collectrice 4, le couvercle 3 comporte au moins deux moyens de retenue 82 locaux répartis sur la longueur dudit coté de la plaque collectrice 4. FIG. 5 shows a second variant of the second embodiment in which, on the same side of the header plate 4, the cover 3 comprises at least two local retaining means 82 distributed along the length of said side of the header plate. 4.
Sur les grands cotés de la plaque collectrice 4, les éléments de retenue 82 peuvent être en appui aussi bien en regard des orifices de la plaques collectrice 4 que des espaces entres deux orifices si la distance entre le bord de ces orifices et le rebord interne de la gorge périphérique 42 est suffisante, comme illustré sur la figure 5. On the long sides of the collector plate 4, the retaining elements 82 can bear both opposite the orifices of the collector plates 4 and spaces between two orifices if the distance between the edge of these orifices and the internal rim of the peripheral groove 42 is sufficient, as illustrated in FIG.
Si la distance entre le bord des orifices de la plaque collectrice 4 et le rebord interne de la gorge périphérique 42 n'est pas suffisante, comme illustré sur la figure 6, les éléments de retenue 82 locaux sont disposés de sorte à être en appui sur la plaque collectrice 4 en regard des espaces entre les orifices de ladite plaque collectrice 4 et sont insérés partiellement dans ces espaces. Afin d'avoir une bonne répartition de la pression exercée par la fixation du couvercle 8 et ainsi éviter un affaissement local du couvercle 8 dans la gorge périphérique 42 lors de la fixation dudit couvercle 8, un élément de retenue 82 peut être placé au regard chaque orifice de tube.  If the distance between the edge of the orifices of the header plate 4 and the inner rim of the peripheral groove 42 is not sufficient, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the local retaining elements 82 are arranged so as to be supported on the collector plate 4 opposite the spaces between the orifices of said collector plate 4 and are partially inserted into these spaces. In order to have a good distribution of the pressure exerted by the fastening of the cover 8 and thus to avoid a local collapse of the cover 8 in the peripheral groove 42 during the fixing of said cover 8, a retaining element 82 can be placed in the eye each tube hole.
Ainsi, on voit bien que du fait de la présence des éléments de retenue 82 empêchant que le couvercle 8 ne s'enfonce pas trop dans la gorge périphérique 42, le joint d'étanchéité 44 ne peux être comprimé excessivement et ainsi cela réduit les risques de détérioration de ce joint d'étanchéité 44 dans le temps et les probabilités de fuites. Thus, it is clear that because of the presence of the retaining elements 82 preventing the cover 8 does not sink too much in the peripheral groove 42, the seal 44 can not be compressed excessively and thus it reduces the risks deterioration of this seal 44 in time and the likelihood of leakage.

Claims

Revendications claims
Collecteur (3) pour échangeur de chaleur (1) comportant : Collector (3) for heat exchanger (1) comprising:
0 une plaque collectrice (4) comprenant des orifices destinés à recevoir des tubes (2), ladite plaque collectrice (4) comprenant une gorge périphérique (42), 0 a header plate (4) comprising openings for receiving the tubes (2), said header plate (4) comprising a peripheral groove (42),
0 un joint d'étanchéité (44) compressible disposé au sein de la gorge périphérique (42), 0 a seal (44) compressible disposed within the peripheral groove (42),
0 un couvercle (8) recouvrant la plaque collectrice (4) et comportant des parois latérales (81) s'insérant dans la gorge périphérique (42) et comprimant le joint d'étanchéité (44), 0 a cover (8) covering the header plate (4) and having side walls (81) fitting in the peripheral groove (42) and compressing the seal (44),
caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales (81) du couvercle (8) comporte des éléments de retenue (82) saillants venant s'appuyer sur la plaque collectrice (4). characterized in that the side walls (81) of the cover (8) has protruding retaining elements (82) bearing against the collector plate (4).
Collecteur (3) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la plaque collectrice (4) a une forme générale rectangulaire avec deux grands cotés et deux petits cotés, les éléments de retenue (82) venant en appui sur les deux grands cotés et/ou les deux petits cotés simultanément de ladite plaque collectrice (4). Collector (3) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the collector plate (4) has a generally rectangular shape with two large sides and two small sides, the retaining elements (82) resting on the two long sides and / or both sides simultaneously of said collector plate (4).
Collecteur (3) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de retenue (82) sont réalisés sur la face externe des parois latérales (81) et viennent en appui du rebord extérieur (41) de la gorge périphérique (42). Collector (3) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the retaining elements (82) are formed on the outer face of the side walls (81) and abut the outer rim (41) of the peripheral groove (42).
Collecteur (3) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le rebord extérieur (41) de la gorge périphérique (42) comporte des pattes de sertissage (43) et que les éléments de retenue (82) viennent en appui entre deux pattes de sertissage (43). Manifold (3) according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer rim (41) of the peripheral groove (42) comprises crimping tabs (43) and that the retaining elements (82) bear against each other. two crimping tabs (43).
Collecteur (3) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de retenue (82) sont réalisés sur la face interne des parois latérales (81) et viennent en appui du rebord interne de la gorge périphérique (42). Manifold (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the retaining elements (82) are formed on the inner face of the side walls (81) and bear against the inner rim of the peripheral groove (42).
Collecteur (3) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que sur un même côté de la plaque collectrice (4), le couvercle (8) comporte un unique élément de retenue (82) continu sur la longueur dudit coté de la plaque collectrice (4). Manifold (3) according to claim 5, characterized in that on the same side of the header plate (4), the cover (8) has a single retaining element (82) continuous along the length of said side of the header plate ( 4).
Collecteur (3) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que sur un même côté de la plaque collectrice (4), le couvercle (8) comporte au moins deux éléments de retenue (82) locaux répartis sur la longueur dudit coté de la plaque collectrice (4). Collector (3) according to claim 5, characterized in that on the same side of the collector plate (4), the cover (8) comprises at least two local retaining elements (82) distributed along the length of said side of the plate collector (4).
Collecteur (3) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de retenue (82) locaux sont disposés de sorte à être en appui sur la plaque collectrice (4) en regard des espaces entre les orifices de ladite plaque collectrice (4). Collector (3) according to claim 7, characterized in that the local retaining elements (82) are arranged so as to bear on the collector plate (4) opposite the spaces between the orifices of said collector plate (4) .
9. Collecteur (3) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de retenue (82) viennent de matière avec le couvercle (8). 9. Manifold (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining elements (82) are integral with the cover (8).
10. Échangeur de chaleur (1) comportant un collecteur (3) selon l'une des revendications précédentes. 10. Heat exchanger (1) having a collector (3) according to one of the preceding claims.
PCT/FR2018/050225 2017-01-31 2018-01-31 Heat exchanger header WO2018142067A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

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US16/480,814 US20190390917A1 (en) 2017-01-31 2018-01-31 Heat exchanger header
CN201880009443.3A CN110325811B (en) 2017-01-31 2018-01-31 Heat exchanger header
EP18705700.5A EP3577408B1 (en) 2017-01-31 2018-01-31 Heat exchanger header

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FR1750795 2017-01-31
FR1750795A FR3062473B1 (en) 2017-01-31 2017-01-31 COLLECTOR FOR HEAT EXCHANGER.

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CN112797836A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-05-14 浙江银轮机械股份有限公司 Chamber, chamber assembly and heat exchanger

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JPH10281686A (en) * 1997-03-31 1998-10-23 Toyo Radiator Co Ltd Tank made of resin of heat exchanger and production thereof
JP2000220989A (en) * 1999-01-28 2000-08-08 Sanden Corp Heat exchanger
FR2867553A1 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-16 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Collector case for heat exchanger e.g. cooling radiator, has annular tight joint which is extended elastically for surrounding slugs molded on hollow piece and projecting with respect to annular surface of piece
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EP3577408B1 (en) 2023-04-19
FR3062473A1 (en) 2018-08-03
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EP3577408A1 (en) 2019-12-11
CN110325811A (en) 2019-10-11
FR3062473B1 (en) 2019-04-19

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