WO2018141374A1

WO2018141374A1 - Apparatus for assisting the drilling of holes in bones

Info

Publication number: WO2018141374A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/052087
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rolf SCHWAB; Benedikt WACHNO
Original assignee: Eickemeyer Medizintechnik Für Tierärzte Kg
Priority date: 2017-02-01
Filing date: 2017-02-01
Publication date: 2018-08-09

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus (10) for assisting the drilling of holes in bones, wherein the apparatus (10) has at least one pair (21, 22) of elements (30, 40, 30', 40') that are assigned to one another, having a first element (30, 30') and a second element (40, 40') that are arranged at a distance from one another, wherein the first element (30, 30') has a first hole pattern (31, 31', 31") with at least three holes (33) and the second element (40, 40') has a second hole pattern (41) with at least three holes (43), wherein, in each case, one hole (33) of the first hole pattern (31, 31', 31") and one hole (43) of the second hole pattern (41) are assigned to one another, wherein the first hole pattern (31, 31', 31") and the second hole pattern (41) are aligned to one another in such a way that a first rod-shaped element (51), which is guided through two holes (33) that are assigned to one another, is aligned parallel to a second rod-shaped element (52), which is guided through two other holes (43) that are assigned to one another.

Description

Device for assisting in the drilling of holes in

bone

The invention relates to a device for assisting the drilling of holes in bones.

In human and veterinary medicine, it is known bones or bone fragments, especially for bone fractures to fix up ^¬ side. It is necessary, as a rule, to drill at least two holes in the bone, in which rod-like elements, such as pins or screws, are fastened, to which in turn means for stabilizing the bones or bone fragments are mutually fixed, for example plates, ^rods or straps can be. It is for some applications such as the principle of Zuggurtung we ^¬ sentlich that the rods, screws or other rod-like elements are aligned parallel to each other. It is not always easy even for experienced physicians and veterinarians to place such rod-like elements free hand in Wesentli ^¬ chen parallel in the bone.

The object of the invention is to provide a Vorrich ^¬ tung to assist in drilling holes in bone ^¬ be riding determine with which the drilling parallel holes is simplified. The device is preferably a ^¬ times to clean and easy to handle.

The object is achieved by a device for assistance in drilling holes in bone with the features of claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. The inventive device for assisting in drilling holes in bone comprises at least a pair of associated elements comprising a first member and a second member spaced apart from one another, the first member having a first hole pattern with at least three holes and the second Element having a second hole pattern with at least three holes, wherein each one hole of the first hole pattern and a hole of the second Loch ^¬ pattern are associated with each other, wherein the first hole pattern and the second hole pattern are aligned with each other such that a first rod-shaped element which by two egg ^¬ nander assigned holes is guided, to a second rod-shaped element, which is guided by two other holes zugeord ^¬ ned, parallel aligned.

Such a device makes it possible to drill a first hole and arranged in this a first rod-shaped element as a reference, delay the Invention ^¬ device according to the first rod-shaped element by means of two mutually associated holes and a second rod-shaped element by two in the operation to ^¬ next to guide other holes associated with each other and to introduce them into the bone to thereby create a second hole in the bone, the holes and the rod-shaped elements disposed therein being aligned in parallel. Because the hole patterns have at least three holes, preferably a multiplicity of holes, the distance between the two holes to be created can be optimally adapted to the anatomical conditions, in particular by twisting the device around the first rod-shaped element until one of the holes Holes of the Loch ^¬ pattern in the desired distance to the first hole to lie ^¬ conditions comes. The fact that two elements, each with a hole ^¬ pattern spaced from each other, it is made possible light, a comparatively small thickness of the elements to select ^¬ len, which allows a good cleaning of the holes of the hole pattern ^¬ allows. However, the parallel alignment of the rod-shaped elements in the mutually associated holes of Lochter- ter is ensured by the two spaced-apart elements.

Preferably, the first hole pattern and the second Lochmus ^¬ ter are formed identically, which in particular simplifies the recognition of the associated holes.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the device comprises two, three or four pairs of mutually ^¬ arranged elements each having a first element and a second element, which are arranged spaced apart on, the elements, in particular the side surfaces of a sleeve having a rectangular, square, hexagonal or octagonal cross section. If two or more pairs of mutually associated elements used, a GroE ßere number of holes may be provided in the hole patterns ^¬ the to increase the variability of the device further. Form the elements in particular the side surfaces of a sleeve, a particularly stable device is provided, which is also structurally simple.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the dung OF INVENTION ^¬, the elements to a thickness which lies in the sizes ^¬ order of the diameter of the holes of the elements, whereby it may be possible to clean the holes easier.

Particularly preferably, the distance between the elements ei ^¬ nes pair is at least seven times as large as the diameter the smallest hole of the hole pattern of this pair, preferably at least seven times as large as the diameter of the largest hole of the hole pattern of this pair, whereby the reliability ^¬ speed of the parallel alignment of two rod-shaped Elemen- th, by mutually associated holes of the two ele ^¬ ments of Couple is improved.

In order to further improve flexibility in the use of the device, the hole patterns advantageously have holes with at least two, preferably at least three or four, different diameters. This makes it different in under ^¬ retired intelligence operations, but also partly in one and the same ^¬ operation, rod-shaped elements

Diameter to use.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the hole pattern have a plurality, for example 4 to 25, holes with the same diameter, whereby a plurality of different distances between the holes of the same diameter is provided and thus with the help of one and the same front ^¬ direction, the distance of two holes to be drilled during the surgery can be optimally adapted to the anatomical conditions. According to an advantageous development of the invention Lö ^¬ cher of equal diameter along a line insbesonde ^¬ re a straight line, a curved line, a Fibonacci spiral or a logarithmic spiral, said line preferably pasture as a particular color marking and / or engraving can be arranged on the element. The ^¬ An arrangement of the holes with the same diameter along a Li ^¬ never facilitates the location of a further hole of the hole pattern ^¬ same diameter, in particular when the line also as, for example, colored marking and / or engraving on the element is recognizable. The use of curved Li ^¬ Britain, particularly Fibonacci spirals or logarithmic spirals, thereby inevitably causes that the holes are not arranged equidistantly from one another, so that a

Variety of different distances between each two holes, which in particular have no common divider yields. Geometrically, the centers of the holes lie on the corresponding line.

Advantageously, the hole pattern on a central hole, which has a diameter which is smaller, equal to or larger than the smallest or largest diameter of wei ^¬ teren existing in the hole pattern holes, preferably the central hole is part of all lines.

The device is advantageously made of metal, plastic, carbon or PEEK and in particular made of a sterili ^¬ sable material to meet in particular the requirements of the application in human and veterinary medicine technology.

The invention will be explained in detail with reference to the following figures. Show it

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first Ausfüh

Example of a device according to the invention with a first rod-shaped element,

FIG. 2 shows a further perspective view of the device according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a further perspective view of the device according to FIG. 1 with a first and a second rod-shaped element,

Fig. 4 is an illustration of the hole pattern of the device

Measure 1,

Fig. 5 is an illustration of an alternative hole pattern and

Fig. 6 representation of another alternative Lochmus age.

Figures 1 to 4 show various views of a first embodiment of a device 10 for assisting in drilling holes in bone. The device 10 has a first pair 21 of mutually associated elements aufwei ^¬ send a first element 30 and a second element 40. The two elements 30, 40 are arranged at a distance from each other, in particular at a distance a. The two elements 30, 40 are in particular planar and advantageously arranged pa rallel ^¬ each other.

The first element 30 has a first hole pattern 31, currency ^¬ rend 40 has the second element has a second hole pattern 41st Each of the hole patterns 31, 41 has at least three, vorzugswei ^¬ se plurality of holes 33, 43. The holes 33, 43 have front ^¬ some manner to a round cross section. In each case a hole 33 of the first hole pattern 31 and a hole 43 of the second hole pattern 41 are associated with each other. For example, a hole 33a is associated with a hole 43a, a hole 33b with a hole 43b, a hole 33c with a hole 43c (see Fig. 3), or a hole 33d with a hole 43d (see Fig. 2). A first rod-shaped element 51 can be formed by two associated holes 33a, 43a, a second rod-shaped element 52, by two walls ^¬ re mutually associated holes 33b, 43b (see FIG. 3) are gescho ^¬ ben. For this purpose, in particular the axes of the associated holes 33, 43 of the hole pattern 31, 41. If the cross-section of the rod-shaped elements 51, 52 with the cross ^{¬ section of} the corresponding holes 33, 43 substantially over ^{¬ matches} , is the rod-shaped element 51, 52 thereby fixed in ^¬ ner position relative to the device 10. The hole patterns 31, 41 are aligned with each other such that rod-shaped elements 51, 52, which are guided by respectively associated holes 33, 43, are aligned parallel to each other (see in particular Figure 3). In particular, the hole ^¬ pattern 31, 41 are identical. The device 10 is used during an operation as follows. First, into a bone or a bone fragment ^¬ a first hole is drilled, for example, in that a hole is drilled by means of a corresponding drill. Subsequently, a first rod-shaped element 51 is inserted into this hole. Alternatively, cut a thread in the hole with the help of egg ^¬ nes tapper and subsequently ^¬ ßend a screw screwed in the rod-shaped element 51 ^¬ the. It is also possible to introduce a corresponding rod-shaped ele ^¬ ment 51 directly into the bone and to drill the hole. To drill a second hole substantially parallel to the first hole and in particular a second stabförmi ^¬ ges element 52 in the second hole substantially aligned parallel to the first rod-shaped member 51 via the first rod-shaped element 51, the device 10 is such gescho- that the rod-shaped element 51 ^passes through two holes 33, 43 which are associated with one another, for example the holes 33a, 43a, of the hole patterns 31, 41. In this case, in particular a pair of holes 33, 43 is selected, the cross-section substantially with the cross section of the first rod-shaped element 51 over ^{¬ matches} . It is now possible to rotate the device 10 to the first rod-shaped element 51 and to position another pair of ^to-¬ parent holes such as the holes 33b, 43b, of the desired diameter by rotation to the position at which the second hole to be drilled. Was obtained from the patterns of holes 31, 41 the desired pair of Lö ^¬ manuals at the correct distance to the first rod-shaped element

51, a second rod-shaped element 52 is guided through the selected pair of holes 33, 43 while being automatically aligned in its direction by the device 10 parallel to the first rod-shaped element 51. If it is further inserted into the bone, in particular drilled in this direction, a hole is formed in the bone which is parallel to the first hole and the rod-shaped element 52 arranged in the second hole is aligned parallel to the first rod-shaped element 51. Subsequently, the device 10 of the two rod-shaped elements 51,

52 are deducted.

To ^¬ it possible the greatest possible flexibility in adapting to the anatomical conditions of the different bones have the hole patterns 31, 41 preferably a plurality of holes 33, 43. In particular, the hole patterns 31, 41 have a plurality of holes of the same diameter. In one advantageous embodiment, additional holes with at least two, preferably at least three or four different diameters in the patterns of holes 31, 41 EXISTING ^¬.

The holes 33 may Darge ^¬ represents be irregularly arranged in a hole pattern 31, as shown for example in FIG. 6 The application for the surgeon is simplified, however, if Holes 33 of the same diameter are arranged grouped, in particular along a line 37, 37 ^x . For example, the line is 37 ^x formed as a straight line as in Figure 5, in another al ^¬ ternatives hole pattern 31 ^x or as a curved line 37 as in the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 4 embodiments, the hole pattern 31 in which the curved line 37, for example, as a Fibonacci Spiral or as shown in Figures 1 to 4 may be formed as a logarithmic spiral. The arrangement of the holes 33 along a curved line 37 has the consequence that the holes 33 are not arranged equidistant to ^¬ and thus a greater number of unterschiedli ^¬ chen distances between two holes 33 of the same diameter is provided, which optimizes the adjustment improved on the anatomical conditions.

The first hole pattern 31 shown in FIG. 4 has holes 33 in five different diameters. For example, the holes 33 may have diameters of 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm and 1.2 mm. The same holes 33 Durchmes- sers are arranged along one of the lines 37, which in particular ^¬ sondere is graphically illustrated on the first element 30, in particular by a color marking and / or engraving. In the present exemplary embodiment, a total of ten curved lines 37 are present, along which holes 33 with the same diameter are arranged. The number of holes 33 moving ^¬ chen diameter can in particular vary in function of the diameter. Twenty-two holes 33 having a diameter of 0.8 mm, twenty-two holes 33 having a diameter of 1.0 mm, twenty-two holes 33 having a diameter of 0.9 mm, twenty-two holes 33 having a diameter of 1.1 are in the present embodiment mm and twenty holes 33 with a diameter of 1.2 mm. Preferably, in particular in the center of the element 30, another hole, for example a central hole 34 is arranged ^¬ whose diameter is smaller, equal to or larger than the smallest or largest diameter of the other holes 33rd

The holes 33 of the hole pattern 31 are in particular arranged so re ^¬ relative to each other that when using two be ^¬ neighboring holes 33 usually the corresponding bone when drilling two holes in such a distance zueinan- should not erupt.

The distance a of the elements 30, 40 to each other is Minim ^¬ least seven times the diameter of the smallest hole 33 of the hole pattern 31, preferably about seven times the largest diameter of the holes 33rd

The elements 30, 40 can be fixed by Ab ^¬ spacers spaced from each other in one embodiment. However advantage ^¬ adhesive enough, the device 10 has at least one further pair 22 comprises a first element 30 ^x and a second element 40 ^x to which also a first Lochmus ^¬ ter having 31 ^x and a second hole pattern 41 ^x and at a distance a ^x are arranged spaced from one another and virtually form the spacer for the first pair 21, in which vice versa the elements 30, 40 of the first pair 21 form the Abstandshal ^¬ ter for the elements 30 of the second pair 40 ^x 22nd In particular, the device 10 may be formed as a sleeve, wherein the elements 30, 40, 30 40 ^{x form} the side surfaces of the sleeve. The hole patterns 31 41 ^{x of} the second pair 22 may have further holes 33, 43, which at least partially ^¬, in particular larger or smaller diameter than the holes 33, 43 of the hole pattern 31, 41 of the first pair 21 have ^¬ . The embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4 shows a device 10 with a sleeve 20 having a square cross-section, in particular the corners are rounded and the elements 30, 40, 30 40 ^x the four side surfaces of the sleeve se 20 form. The sleeve 20 may have a rectangular cross-section on ^¬ if the distances a, a ^{x are of} different sizes.

Alternatively, the sleeve 20 may also include a third pair of Einan ^¬ the associated elements, the three pairs, the side faces of a sleeve with hexagonal cross section, or a third and a fourth pair of elements, said then a total of eight elements of the eight side surfaces form a sleeve with octagonal cross-section. The elements 30, 40 need not be flat, son ^¬ countries can also be curved. It is also possible insbesonde ^¬ re that the sleeve 20 is formed as a tube with a round or oval cross-section and the mutually ^¬ located elements 30, 40, or 30 ^x 40 are formed as portions of the convertible extension of the pipe.

The thickness d of the elements 30, 40 is in particular in the large ^¬ ßenordnung the diameter of the holes 33, 43. The device 10 may be of metal, plastic, carbon or PEEK be made. The device 10 is made in particular from a sterilizable material and have preferably ^¬ as biocompatible properties. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 device

20 sleeve

21 pairs

22 pairs

30 first element

30 ^x first element

31 first hole pattern

31 ^x first hole pattern

31 ^xx first hole pattern

33 holes

33a hole

33b hole

33c hole

33d hole

33 ^x first element

34 central hole

37 line

37 ^x line

40 second element

40 ^x second element

41 second hole pattern

43 holes

43a hole

43b hole

43c hole

43d hole

51 first rod-shaped element

52 second rod-shaped element d thickness

a distance

a ^x distance

Claims

The apparatus (10) for assisting in the drilling of Lö ^¬ manuals in bone,

characterized in that the front ^¬ direction (10) at least one pair (21,22) of mutually associated elements (30, 40, 30 40 ^x ) comprising a first element (30, 30 ^x ) and a second element (40, 40 ^x ), which are arranged at a ^{distance from} each other, on ^¬ , wherein the first element (30, 30 ^x ) a first hole ^¬ pattern (31, 31 31 ^{, Λ} ) with at least three holes (33) and the second element (40, 40 ^x) a second hole pattern (41) (with at least three holes 43), wherein each ^¬ weils a hole (33) of the first hole pattern (31, 31

^{31, Λ)} and a hole (43) of the second hole pattern (41) are associated with egg ^¬ Nander, wherein the first pattern of holes (31, 31 ^{31, Λ)} and the second hole pattern (41) of the are aligned such zueinan ^¬ that a first rod-shaped ele ^¬ ment (51), which is guided by two mutually associated holes (33), to a second rod-shaped element (52) which is guided by two other associated Lö ^¬ cher (43) is aligned in parallel.

Device according to claim 1,

characterized in that the ers ^¬ te hole pattern (31) and the second hole pattern (41) are identical ^¬ table.

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front ^¬ direction (10) two, three or four pairs (21, 22) of ei ^¬ nander associated elements (30, 40, 30 40 ^x ), each ^¬ Weil a first element (30, ^30x ) and a second Element (40, 40 ^x ), which are spaced apart angeord ^¬ net, wherein the elements (30, 40, 30 ^x 40 ^x ) in particular the side surfaces of a sleeve (20) with rectangular, square, hexagonal or ^{achtecki ¬} gem cross section ,

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ele ^¬ ments (30, 40, 30 ^x 40 ^x ) have a thickness (d) which in the order of the diameter (dm) of the holes (33, 43) of the elements (30 , 40, 30 40 ^x ) lies.

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Ab ^¬ stand (a, a ^x ) between the elements (30, 40, 30 40 ^x ) of a pair (21, 22) is at least seven times as large as the diameter of the smallest hole (33) the Lochmus ^¬ ter (31, 31 31 ^Λ 41) of this pair (21, 22), preferably ^¬ at least seven times as large as the diam ^¬ ser of the largest hole (33, 43) of the hole pattern (31, 31 31 ^x \ 41) of this pair (21, 22).

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hole patterns (31, 31 31 ^Λ 41) holes (33, 43) with at least ^¬ least two, preferably at least three or four different diameters.

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hole patterns (31, 31 31 ^Λ 41) have a plurality, for example 4 to 25, holes of the same diameter. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that holes (33, 43) of equal diameter along a line (37), in particular a straight line, a curved line, a Fibonacci spiral or a logarithmic spiral ^¬ le, are arranged, wherein preferably the line (37) is arranged as a particular colored marking and / or engraving on the element (30, 40, 30 40 ^x ).

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hole patterns (31, 31 31 ^Λ 41) having a central hole (34) having a diameter which klei ^¬ ner, equal to or greater than the smallest or largest diameter of the further in the hole pattern (31, 31

31 ^Λ 41) present holes (33, 43), said preferential ^¬ as the central hole (34) part of all lines (37).

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front ^¬ direction (10) made of metal, plastic, carbon or PEEK is made and in particular made of a sterilizable material.