WO2018139604A1 - Power supply control method, power supply control device, and power supply control system - Google Patents

Power supply control method, power supply control device, and power supply control system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018139604A1
WO2018139604A1 PCT/JP2018/002560 JP2018002560W WO2018139604A1 WO 2018139604 A1 WO2018139604 A1 WO 2018139604A1 JP 2018002560 W JP2018002560 W JP 2018002560W WO 2018139604 A1 WO2018139604 A1 WO 2018139604A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
power
power demand
storage battery
pattern
demand pattern
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2018/002560
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
竜也 卯花
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京セラ株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 京セラ株式会社 filed Critical 京セラ株式会社
Priority to JP2018564663A priority Critical patent/JP6781274B2/en
Publication of WO2018139604A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018139604A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a power control method, a power control device, and a power control system.
  • control for reducing the peak value of purchased power in a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes) by performing a discharging operation of a storage battery device is known (for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the charging operation and the discharging operation of the storage battery device are determined based on the estimation result of the power demand.
  • the power control method includes a first distributed power source having a first priority as a cost priority, and a second distributed power source having a second priority lower than the first priority as the cost priority. And a method used in a facility having a storage battery device having a third priority lower than the second priority as the cost priority.
  • the power control method indicates information indicating an appropriate time zone as a time zone for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device and an appropriate power source as a power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device for each of two or more power demand patterns.
  • Step A for managing information, and a power demand pattern corresponding to the facility is identified from the two or more power demand patterns, and is identified in the appropriate time zone managed for the identified power demand pattern Step B of performing the charging operation of the storage battery device using the appropriate power source managed for the power demand pattern.
  • the power supply control device includes a first distributed power source having a first priority as a cost priority, a second distributed power source having a second priority lower than the first priority as the cost priority, and It is an apparatus used in a facility having a storage battery device having a third priority lower than the second priority as the cost priority.
  • the power supply control device indicates information indicating an appropriate time zone as a time zone for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device and an appropriate power source as a power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device for each of two or more power demand patterns.
  • a management unit that manages information; and a power demand pattern corresponding to the facility is identified from the two or more power demand patterns, and is identified in the appropriate time zone managed for the identified power demand pattern
  • a power supply control system includes a first distributed power supply having a first priority as a cost priority and a second distributed power supply having a second priority lower than the first priority as the cost priority. And a storage battery device having a third priority lower than the second priority as the cost priority, and a power control device for controlling at least the storage battery device.
  • the power supply control device indicates information indicating an appropriate time zone as a time zone for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device and an appropriate power source as a power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device for each of two or more power demand patterns. Manage information.
  • the power control device identifies a power demand pattern corresponding to the facility from the two or more power demand patterns, and identifies the power demand identified in the appropriate time zone managed for the identified power demand pattern The storage battery device is charged using the appropriate power source managed for the pattern.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a power supply control system 100 according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a facility 300 according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a power management server 200 according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the local control device 360 according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a power demand pattern according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a power demand pattern according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a power demand pattern according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a power demand pattern according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a power demand pattern according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a power control method according to an embodiment.
  • the present disclosure provides a power supply control method, a power supply control apparatus, and a power supply control system that enable an appropriate power supply to be selected as a power supply used for a charging operation of a storage battery device by a simple method.
  • the power supply control system 100 includes a power management server 200 and a facility 300.
  • a facility 300A to a facility 300C are illustrated.
  • Each facility 300 is connected to the power system 110.
  • the flow of power from the power system 110 to the facility 300 is referred to as tidal current, and the flow of power from the facility 300 to the power system 110 is referred to as reverse power flow.
  • the power management server 200 and the facility 300 are connected to the network 120.
  • the network 120 may provide a line between the power management server 200 and the facility 300.
  • the network 120 is, for example, the Internet.
  • the network 120 may provide a dedicated line such as a VPN (Virtual Private Network).
  • the power management server 200 is a server managed by a business operator such as a power generation business, a power transmission / distribution business, or a retail business.
  • the power management server 200 transmits, to the local control device 360 provided in the facility 300, a control message instructing control of a distributed power source (for example, a solar cell device, a storage battery device, and a fuel cell device) provided in the facility 300.
  • a distributed power source for example, a solar cell device, a storage battery device, and a fuel cell device
  • the power management server 200 may transmit a power flow control message (for example, DR; Demand Response) that requests control of power flow, or may transmit a reverse power flow control message that requests control of reverse power flow.
  • the power management server 200 may transmit a power control message for controlling the operating state of the distributed power.
  • the degree of control of the tidal current or the reverse tidal current may be represented by an absolute value (for example, OO kW) or a relative value (for example, OO%).
  • control degree of a tidal current or a reverse tidal current may be represented by two or more levels.
  • the degree of control of the tidal current or reverse power flow may be represented by a power rate (RTP: Real Time Pricing) determined by the current power supply / demand balance, or a power rate (TOU: Time Of Use) determined by the past power supply / demand balance May be represented by
  • the facility 300 includes a router 500 as shown in FIG.
  • the router 500 is connected to the power management server 200 via the network 120.
  • the router 500 forms a local area network and is connected to each device (for example, a power meter 321, a PCS 331, a PCS 332, a PCS 333 load 350, a local control device 360, and the like).
  • a solid line indicates a power line
  • a dotted line indicates a signal line.
  • the embodiment is not limited to this, and a signal may be transmitted through a power line.
  • the facility 300 includes a solar cell 311, a storage battery 312, a fuel cell 313, a hot water supply device 314, a power meter 321, a PCS 331, a PCS 332, a PCS 333, a distribution board 340, a load 350, and a local control device. 360.
  • the solar cell 311 is a device that generates power in response to light reception.
  • the solar cell 311 outputs the generated DC power.
  • the amount of power generated by the solar cell 311 changes according to the amount of solar radiation applied to the solar cell 311.
  • the storage battery 312 is a device that stores electric power.
  • the storage battery 312 outputs the accumulated DC power.
  • the storage battery 312 may be a power source used for VPP (Virtual Power Plant).
  • the fuel cell 313 is a battery that generates electric power using fuel.
  • the fuel may be, for example, a material containing hydrogen or a material containing alcohol.
  • the fuel cell 313 includes, for example, a solid oxide fuel cell (hereinafter referred to as SOFC: Solid Oxide Fuel Cell), a solid polymer fuel cell (hereinafter referred to as PEFC: Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell), a phosphoric acid fuel cell (hereinafter referred to as PAFC). : Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell) or Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (hereinafter referred to as MCFC: Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell).
  • SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
  • PEFC Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell
  • PAFC phosphoric acid fuel cell
  • MCFC Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell
  • the hot water supply device 314 has a hot water storage tank, and uses the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 313 to maintain or increase the amount of water (hot water) stored in the hot water storage tank, or to store water in the hot water storage tank. Maintain or increase the temperature of (hot water). Such control may be referred to as boiling water stored in the hot water tank.
  • the wattmeter 321 is a wattmeter that measures the power (power demand) supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300.
  • the wattmeter 321 may be a CT (Current Transformer) that measures current from the power system 110 to the facility 300.
  • the power demand is a value obtained by subtracting the output power of the distributed power source from the power consumption of the load 350.
  • the storage battery 312 may be considered as one of the loads 350.
  • the PCS 331 is a power conversion device (PCS; Power Conditioning System) connected to the solar cell 311.
  • the PCS 331 converts DC power from the solar cell 311 into AC power.
  • the PCS 331 may output the converted AC power to the first distribution board 340A.
  • the PCS 331 may output the converted AC power to the storage battery 312.
  • PCS 332 is a power conversion device connected to the storage battery 312.
  • the PCS 332 converts DC power from the storage battery 312 into AC power.
  • the PCS 332 outputs the converted AC power to the first distribution board 340A.
  • the PCS 332 converts AC power to the storage battery 312 into DC power.
  • the PCS 332 outputs the converted DC power to the storage battery 312.
  • PCS333 is a power converter connected to the fuel cell 313.
  • the PCS 333 converts DC power from the fuel cell 313 into AC power.
  • the PCS 333 may output the converted AC power to the first distribution board 340A.
  • the PCS 333 may output the converted AC power to the storage battery 312.
  • Distribution board 340 is connected to main power line 10L.
  • the distribution board 340 includes a first distribution board 340A and a second distribution board 340B.
  • the first distribution board 340A is connected to the power system 110 via the main power line 10LA.
  • the first distribution board 340A is connected to the solar cell 311 via the PCS 331, is connected to the storage battery 312 via the PCS 332, and is connected to the fuel cell 313 via the PCS 333.
  • the first distribution board 340 ⁇ / b> A may supply AC power supplied from the power system 110 to the storage battery 312 via the PCS 332.
  • the first distribution board 340A may supply the AC power supplied from the PCS 331 to the power system 110 via the main power line 10LA as a reverse power flow.
  • the first distribution board 340A may supply the AC power supplied from the PCS 332 to the power system 110 via the main power line 10LA as a reverse power flow.
  • the first distribution board 340A may supply the AC power supplied from the PCS 333 to the power system 110 via the main power line 10LA as a reverse power flow.
  • the first distribution board 340A supplies the power output from the PCS 331 to PCS 333 and the power supplied from the power system 110 to the second distribution board 340B via the main power line 10LB.
  • the second distribution board 340B distributes the power supplied via the main power line 10LB to each device.
  • Each device is, for example, a load 350, a local control device 360, and the like.
  • the load 350 is a device that consumes power supplied through the power line.
  • the load 350 includes devices such as an air conditioner, a lighting device, a refrigerator, and a television.
  • the load 350 may be a single device or may include a plurality of devices.
  • the local control device 360 is a device (EMS; Energy Management System) that manages power information indicating power in the facility 300.
  • the power in the facility 300 is the power flowing through the facility 300, the power purchased by the facility 300, or the power sold from the facility 300. Accordingly, the local control device 360 manages at least the PCS 331 to PCS 333.
  • the local control device 360 may manage the load 350. Further, when the load 350 includes a plurality of devices, the local control device 360 may manage some of the plurality of devices. In this case, the local control device 360 may manage a plurality of devices according to a predetermined priority order. Further, such a priority order may be determined by the local control device 360 based on the power consumption amount consumed by the load 350.
  • the solar cell 311 is an example of a first distributed power source having a first priority as a cost priority.
  • a single solar cell 311 may be referred to as a solar cell device, and the solar cell 311 and the PCS 331 may be referred to as a solar cell device.
  • the fuel cell 313 is an example of a second distributed power source having a second priority lower than the first priority as the cost priority.
  • the single fuel cell 313 may be referred to as a fuel cell device
  • the fuel cell 313 and the PCS 333 may be referred to as a fuel cell device
  • the fuel cell 313, the hot water supply device 314, and the PCS 333 may be referred to as a fuel cell device.
  • the storage battery 312 is an example of a third distributed power source having a third priority lower than the second priority as the cost priority.
  • the single storage battery 312 may be referred to as a storage battery device, and the storage battery 312 and the PCS 332 may be referred to as storage battery devices.
  • the power cost of the fuel cell 313 mainly depends on the charge of gas serving as fuel.
  • the power cost of the storage battery 312 mainly depends on the power charge when charging. For example, the power cost of the storage battery 312 is calculated based on the power charge when purchasing power from the power system 110. Moreover, if the storage battery 312 charges the generated electric power of the solar cell 311, the power cost can be further reduced. As described above, the power cost of the storage battery 312 varies depending on the power source (charging power source) used for the charging operation of the storage battery 312.
  • the storage battery 312 may have a higher cost priority than the fuel cell 313.
  • the solar cell 311 does not require fuel or the like during power generation, and therefore has a lower power cost and higher cost priority than the fuel cell 313 and the storage battery 312. Therefore, since the cost priority of the solar cell 311 is higher than the cost priority of the fuel cell 313, the cost priority of the storage battery 312 in the case where the power source used for charging is the solar cell 311 is that the power source used for charging is the fuel cell 313. It is higher than the cost priority of the storage battery 312 in a certain case.
  • the cost priority of the storage battery 312 in the case where the power source used for charging is the fuel cell 313 is that the power source used for charging is power. It becomes higher than the cost priority of the storage battery 312 in the case of the system 110.
  • communication between the power management server 200 and the local control device 360 is performed according to the first protocol.
  • communication between the local control device 360 and the distributed power supply is performed according to a second protocol different from the first protocol.
  • the first protocol for example, a protocol conforming to Open ADR (Automated Demand Response) (trademark) or a unique dedicated protocol can be used.
  • the second protocol for example, a protocol conforming to ECHONET Lite (registered trademark), SEP (Smart Energy Profile) 2.0, KNX, or an original dedicated protocol can be used.
  • ECHONET Lite registered trademark
  • SEP Smart Energy Profile 2.0
  • KNX Smart Energy Profile
  • the power management server 200 includes a management unit 210, a communication unit 220, and a control unit 230.
  • the power management server 200 is an example of a VTN (Virtual Top Node).
  • the management unit 210 is configured by a storage medium such as a non-volatile memory and / or an HDD, and manages data related to the facility 300.
  • the data related to the facility 300 includes, for example, the type of the distributed power source provided in the facility 300, the specifications of the distributed power source provided in the facility 300, and the like.
  • the spec may be the rated generated power of the PCS 331 connected to the solar cell 311, the rated output power of the PCS 332 connected to the storage battery 312, the rated output power of the PCS 333 connected to the fuel cell 313, and the like.
  • the communication unit 220 includes a communication module, and communicates with the local control device 360 via the network 120. As described above, the communication unit 220 performs communication according to the first protocol. For example, the communication unit 220 transmits the first message to the local control device 360 according to the first protocol. The communication unit 220 receives the first message response from the local control device 360 according to the first protocol.
  • the control unit 230 includes a memory, a CPU, and the like, and controls each component provided in the power management server 200. For example, the control unit 230 instructs the local control device 360 provided in the facility 300 to control the distributed power source provided in the facility 300 by transmitting a control message. The control unit 230 may instruct the local control device 360 provided in the facility 300 to control the load 350 provided in the facility 300. As described above, the control message may be a power flow control message, a reverse power flow control message, or a power control message.
  • the local control device 360 includes a first communication unit 361, a second communication unit 362, and a control unit 363.
  • the local control device 360 is an example of a VEN (Virtual End Node).
  • the first communication unit 361 is configured by a communication module and communicates with the power management server 200 via the network 120. As described above, the first communication unit 361 performs communication according to the first protocol. For example, the first communication unit 361 receives the first message from the power management server 200 according to the first protocol. The first communication unit 361 transmits a first message response to the power management server 200 according to the first protocol.
  • the second communication unit 362 includes a communication module, and communicates with distributed power sources (for example, PCS331 to PCS333). As described above, the second communication unit 362 performs communication according to the second protocol. For example, the second communication unit 362 transmits the second message to the distributed power source according to the second protocol. The second communication unit 362 receives the second message response from the distributed power source according to the second protocol. In addition, the second communication unit 362 may transmit the second message to the load 350 according to the second protocol. Further, the second communication unit 362 may receive the second message response from the load 350 according to the second protocol.
  • distributed power sources for example, PCS331 to PCS333.
  • the control unit 363 includes a memory and a CPU, and controls each component provided in the local control device 360. Specifically, in order to control the power of the facility 300, the control unit 363 instructs the distributed power supply to set the operating state of the distributed power supply by transmitting the second message and receiving the second message response. In order to manage the power of the facility 300, the control unit 363 may instruct the distributed power supply to report information on the distributed power supply by transmitting the second message and receiving the second message response. Further, the control unit 363 may instruct the load 350 to set the operation state of the load 350 by transmitting the second message and receiving the second message response. Further, the control unit 363 may instruct the load 350 to report information on the load 350 by transmitting the second message and receiving the second message response in order to manage the power of the facility 300.
  • control unit 363 controls a storage battery device including at least the storage battery 312.
  • the control unit 363 may control a solar cell device including at least the solar cell 311 and a fuel cell device including at least the fuel cell 313 in addition to the storage battery device.
  • the control unit 363 is suitable as information indicating an appropriate time zone (hereinafter referred to as a charging time zone) as a time zone for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device and a power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device Information (see FIG. 5) indicating a valid power source (as described above, a charging power source).
  • a charging time zone As shown in FIG. 1-No.
  • Six power demand patterns are possible. In such a case, consider peak cut control for reducing the peak value of power supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300 by the discharging operation of the storage battery device.
  • the peak value is a maximum value of the demand value in a predetermined period (for example, one day).
  • the demand value may be a cumulative value (kWh) of power supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300 in a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes), or an instantaneous value of power supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300. (KW).
  • the power demand pattern 1 is a power demand pattern in which a peak of power demand occurs in the daytime.
  • the left vertical axis represents the absolute value (kW) of electricity demand
  • the right vertical axis represents the electricity demand index.
  • the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. When it corresponds to the power demand pattern 1, as shown in FIG.
  • the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No.
  • the fuel cell 313 having a lower cost priority than the solar cell 311 may be used as the charging power source in order to surely perform the peak cut control.
  • One power demand pattern is, for example, a pattern found in department stores, supermarkets, home appliance mass retailers, government offices, research institutions, offices, hospitals, and the like.
  • the power demand pattern 2 is a power demand pattern in which a peak of power demand occurs at night as shown in FIG.
  • the left vertical axis represents the absolute value (kW) of electricity demand
  • the right vertical axis represents the electricity demand index.
  • the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. When it corresponds to the power demand pattern 2, as shown in FIG.
  • the daytime is managed as the charging time zone, and the solar cell device (PV) is managed as the charging power source. That is, the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. In the case of corresponding to the power demand pattern of 2, the solar cell 311 having a high cost priority can be used as the charging power source. As a result, the power cost of the storage battery 312 can be reduced.
  • the power demand pattern 2 is, for example, a pattern seen in restaurants and the like whose business hours are from evening to morning.
  • the power demand pattern 3 is a power demand pattern in which a peak of power demand occurs in the morning as shown in FIG.
  • the left vertical axis represents the absolute value (kW) of electricity demand
  • the right vertical axis represents the electricity demand index.
  • it is necessary to perform a charging operation of the storage battery device in preparation for peak cut control.
  • the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No.
  • the fuel cell device (FC) is managed as the charging power source. That is, the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No.
  • a fuel cell 313 having a lower cost priority than the solar cell 311 may be used as a charging power source in order to reliably perform peak cut control.
  • the power demand pattern 3 is a pattern found in, for example, a hotel, a hotel, a solar battery device, a facility having a heat demand device (for example, a hot water supply device), or the like.
  • the power demand pattern No. 4 is a power demand pattern in which the peak of power demand occurs in the morning and at night as shown in FIG.
  • the left vertical axis represents the absolute value (kW) of electricity demand
  • the right vertical axis represents the electricity demand index.
  • the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. In the case of corresponding to the power demand pattern of 4, as shown in FIG. 5, the two charging time zones and the charging power source are managed.
  • the night is managed as the charging time zone, and the fuel cell device (FC) is managed as the charging power source.
  • daytime is managed as a charging time zone, and a solar cell device (PV) is managed as a charging power source.
  • the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. 4 corresponds to the power demand pattern of No. 4
  • the peak of morning power demand is No.
  • the fuel cell 313 may be used as a charging power source as in the case of corresponding to the power demand pattern 3.
  • the solar battery 311 is used as a charging power source as in the case of corresponding to the power demand pattern of No. 2.
  • the power demand pattern 4 is, for example, a pattern that is found in kindergartens, elementary schools, junior high schools, cultural facilities, welfare facilities, and the like in winter.
  • the power demand pattern No. 5 is a power demand pattern in which the time zone in which the peak of power demand exists differs from season to season. Such a power demand pattern includes a first power demand pattern applied to the first season in which the peak value is the first peak value, and a second season in which the peak value is the second peak value smaller than the first peak value. And a second power demand pattern to be applied. Alternatively, no.
  • the power demand pattern No. 5 is a power demand pattern in which the time zone in which the peak of power demand exists differs for each day of the week. Such a power demand pattern includes a first power demand pattern applied to the first day of the week when the peak value is the first peak value, and a second day of the week where the peak value is the second peak value smaller than the first peak value.
  • the power demand pattern in which the time period in which the peak of power demand exists varies from season to season is a pattern found in, for example, kindergartens, elementary schools, junior high schools, cultural facilities, welfare facilities, and the like.
  • the power demand pattern in which the time zone in which the peak of power demand exists differs for each day of the week is, for example, a pattern seen in a store or office where a closed day (day of the week) is set.
  • the power demand pattern 6 is a power demand pattern in which fluctuations in power demand fall within a predetermined range during the day. In such a power demand pattern, since it is difficult to specify the peak of power demand, normal control that does not require charging operation of the storage battery device provided for peak cut control and peak cut control is performed.
  • the power demand pattern No. 6 is a pattern seen in convenience stores, restaurants open 24 hours, and the like.
  • the two or more power demand patterns include at least a specific power demand pattern that does not require peak cut control.
  • the specific power demand pattern is No. No. 5 second power demand pattern, No. 5; 6 is a power demand pattern.
  • the control unit 363 acquires the power demand of the facility 300 to be controlled, and the acquired power demand pattern is “No. 1-No. Specify which of 6 is applicable. Subsequently, the control unit 363 controls the charging operation of the storage battery device according to the specified power demand pattern. However, when the specified power demand pattern is the specific power demand pattern, the control unit 363 performs normal control that does not require the peak cut control and the charging operation of the storage battery device in preparation for the peak cut control.
  • the normal control may include control in which the facility 300 purchases necessary power from the power system 110 in accordance with the transition of the output power of the solar cell device and the power consumption of the load 350.
  • step S10 the local control device 360 determines whether or not the coefficient of variation is smaller than a predetermined value for the facility 300 to be controlled.
  • the process of step S12 is performed, and when the variation coefficient is not smaller than the predetermined value, the process of step S11 is performed.
  • the coefficient of variation is calculated based on, for example, a sample value of power demand in a predetermined period (for example, one day).
  • the sample value is, for example, a cumulative value (kWh) of power supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300 in a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes). Therefore, the number of sample values is a value obtained by dividing a predetermined period by a predetermined time.
  • the variation coefficient may be calculated by, for example, standard deviation of sample values / average value of sample values.
  • the variation coefficient may be a standard deviation of sample values. It means that the smaller the coefficient of variation, the smaller the fluctuation in power demand.
  • the predetermined value compared with the coefficient of variation is 0.1.
  • the power demand pattern with a coefficient of variation smaller than a predetermined value is the above-mentioned No. There is a high possibility that the power demand pattern 6 is met. That is, the process of step S10 is a process for determining whether the power demand pattern of the facility 300 to be controlled corresponds to the specific power demand pattern.
  • step S11 the local control device 360 determines whether the peak value is smaller than a predetermined value. When the peak value is smaller than the predetermined value, the process of step S12 is performed, and when the peak value is not smaller than the predetermined value, the process of step S13 is performed.
  • the peak value is the maximum value of the demand value in a predetermined period (for example, one day).
  • the predetermined value compared with the peak value is, for example, 90% of the maximum value of the electricity demand determined by the contract.
  • the power demand pattern where the peak value is smaller than the predetermined value is the No. mentioned above.
  • the process of step S11 is a process for determining whether or not the power demand pattern of the facility 300 to be controlled corresponds to the specific power demand pattern.
  • the local control device 360 performs normal control that does not require charging operation of the storage battery device provided for peak cut control and peak cut control.
  • the local control device 360 may control the storage battery device based on a factor other than the peak cut control. Another factor may be, for example, reception of a control message received from the power management server 200 or reception of an operation by the user.
  • step S13 the local control device 360 determines that the power demand pattern of the facility 300 to be controlled is No. 1-No. The power demand pattern of 4 is identified.
  • the local control device 360 is No. 1-No.
  • the correlation coefficient C of the power demand pattern of the facility 300 to be controlled with respect to each of the four power demand patterns is calculated.
  • the local control device 360 is No. 1-No.
  • the power demand pattern having the largest correlation coefficient C is specified as the power demand pattern of the facility 300 to be controlled.
  • step S14 the local control device 360 performs the peak cut control and the charging operation of the storage battery device prepared for the peak cut control according to the power demand pattern specified in step S13.
  • the local control device 360 manages information indicating a charging time zone and information indicating a charging power source for each of two or more power demand patterns.
  • the local control device 360 identifies the power demand pattern corresponding to the facility from the two or more power demand patterns, and is managed for the identified power demand pattern in the charging time zone managed for the identified power demand pattern.
  • the storage battery device is charged using the charging power source. According to such a configuration, since the charging time zone and the charging power source are managed in advance for two or more power demand patterns, the transition of the output power of the solar cell device and the power consumption of the load 350 is grasped in real time, etc.
  • the charging operation of the storage battery device provided for the peak cut control can be performed by a relatively simple method without the need for complicated control.
  • the two or more power demand patterns include at least a specific power demand pattern that does not require peak cut control. According to such a configuration, unnecessary peak cut control is performed by a relatively simple method without requiring complicated control such as grasping the transition of the output power of the solar cell device and the power consumption of the load 350 in real time. It is possible to perform normal control that does not need to be performed.
  • a solar cell device is exemplified as the first distributed power source.
  • the first distributed power supply may be a distributed power supply that uses natural energy such as wind power or geothermal heat.
  • the fuel cell device is exemplified as the second distributed power source.
  • the embodiment is not limited to this.
  • a storage battery device is illustrated as the third distributed power source.
  • the second distributed power source and the third distributed power source may be any distributed power source that satisfies a relationship in which the cost priority of the third distributed power source is relatively lower than the cost priority of the second distributed power source.
  • the types of the first distributed power source, the second distributed power source, and the third distributed power source are different from the viewpoint of cost priority.
  • the embodiment is not limited to this.
  • the types of the distributed power sources may be different in terms of specifications such as the rated output power of the distributed power source, the maintenance information of the distributed power source, and the control history of the distributed power source.
  • the power cost is different for each distributed power source.
  • the distributed power supply maintenance information may include information on the total operating time of the distributed power supply, distributed power life information, distributed power supply deterioration information, distributed power supply replacement information, distributed power supply repair information, and the like.
  • the control history of the distributed power supply may include distributed power supply stop information including information related to the normal stop or abnormal stop of the distributed power supply, distributed power supply start information, and the like. Note that the cost priority may be changed in accordance with changes in the distributed power source maintenance information, the distributed power source control history, and the like.
  • each distributed power source is provided with a PCS individually.
  • One PCS may be provided for two or more distributed power sources.
  • the local control device 360 provided in the facility 300 may not necessarily be provided in the facility 300.
  • some of the functions of the local control device 360 may be provided by a cloud server provided on the Internet. That is, it may be considered that the local control device 360 includes a cloud server.
  • the power supply control device that controls each distributed power supply is the local control device 360 (EMS)
  • the power supply control device may be PCS331 to PCS333.
  • the PCS 331 to PCS 333 may have a function of communicating with each other.
  • the power control device may be the power management server 200.
  • the first protocol is a protocol conforming to Open ADR2.0 and the second protocol is a protocol conforming to ECHONET Lite is illustrated.
  • the first protocol may be a protocol standardized as a protocol used for communication between the power management server 200 and the local control device 360.
  • the second protocol may be a protocol standardized as a protocol used in the facility 300.
  • the basic charge of power supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300 may be determined based on the maximum value of the demand value in the basic charge calculation period (for example, one year).
  • the maximum value of the demand value may be synonymous with the maximum value of the electricity demand determined by the contract described above.

Abstract

This power supply control method comprises: step A for managing, for each of two or more power demand patterns, information indicating a time slot suitable as a time slot for performing a charging operation of a storage battery device, and information indicating a power supply suitable as a power supply to be used for the charging operation of the storage battery device; and step B for specifying, from among the two or more power demand patterns, a power demand pattern corresponding to a facility, and performing the charging operation of the storage battery device in said suitable time slot managed for the specified power demand pattern by using said suitable power supply managed for the specified power demand pattern.

Description

電源制御方法、電源制御装置及び電源制御システムPower supply control method, power supply control device, and power supply control system
　本開示は、電源制御方法、電源制御装置及び電源制御システムに関する技術である。 This disclosure relates to a power control method, a power control device, and a power control system.
　近年、蓄電池装置の放電動作を行うことによって、所定時間（例えば、３０分）における買電電力のピーク値を低減する制御（ピークカット制御）が知られている（例えば、特許文献１）。このような制御においては、電力需要の推定結果に基づいて蓄電池装置の充電動作及び放電動作が定められる。 In recent years, control (peak cut control) for reducing the peak value of purchased power in a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes) by performing a discharging operation of a storage battery device is known (for example, Patent Document 1). In such control, the charging operation and the discharging operation of the storage battery device are determined based on the estimation result of the power demand.
国際公開第２０１３／１３６４１９号International Publication No. 2013/136419
　第１の態様に係る、電源制御方法は、コスト優先度として第１優先度を有する第１分散電源、前記コスト優先度として前記第１優先度よりも低い第２優先度を有する第２分散電源及び前記コスト優先度として前記第２優先度よりも低い第３優先度を有する蓄電池装置を有する施設で用いる方法である。前記電源制御方法は、２以上の電力需要パターンのそれぞれについて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う時間帯として適切な時間帯を示す情報及び前記蓄電池装置の充電動作に用いる電源として適切な電源を示す情報を管理するステップＡと、前記２以上の電力需要パターンの中から前記施設に対応する電力需要パターンを特定し、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な時間帯において、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な電源を用いて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行うステップＢとを含む。 The power control method according to the first aspect includes a first distributed power source having a first priority as a cost priority, and a second distributed power source having a second priority lower than the first priority as the cost priority. And a method used in a facility having a storage battery device having a third priority lower than the second priority as the cost priority. The power control method indicates information indicating an appropriate time zone as a time zone for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device and an appropriate power source as a power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device for each of two or more power demand patterns. Step A for managing information, and a power demand pattern corresponding to the facility is identified from the two or more power demand patterns, and is identified in the appropriate time zone managed for the identified power demand pattern Step B of performing the charging operation of the storage battery device using the appropriate power source managed for the power demand pattern.
　第２の態様に係る電源制御装置は、コスト優先度として第１優先度を有する第１分散電源、前記コスト優先度として前記第１優先度よりも低い第２優先度を有する第２分散電源及び前記コスト優先度として前記第２優先度よりも低い第３優先度を有する蓄電池装置を有する施設で用いる装置である。前記電源制御装置は、２以上の電力需要パターンのそれぞれについて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う時間帯として適切な時間帯を示す情報及び前記蓄電池装置の充電動作に用いる電源として適切な電源を示す情報を管理する管理部と、前記２以上の電力需要パターンの中から前記施設に対応する電力需要パターンを特定し、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な時間帯において、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な電源を用いて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う制御部とを備える。 The power supply control device according to the second aspect includes a first distributed power source having a first priority as a cost priority, a second distributed power source having a second priority lower than the first priority as the cost priority, and It is an apparatus used in a facility having a storage battery device having a third priority lower than the second priority as the cost priority. The power supply control device indicates information indicating an appropriate time zone as a time zone for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device and an appropriate power source as a power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device for each of two or more power demand patterns. A management unit that manages information; and a power demand pattern corresponding to the facility is identified from the two or more power demand patterns, and is identified in the appropriate time zone managed for the identified power demand pattern A control unit that performs the charging operation of the storage battery device using the appropriate power source managed for the power demand pattern.
　第３の態様に係る電源制御システムは、コスト優先度として第１優先度を有する第１分散電源と、前記コスト優先度として前記第１優先度よりも低い第２優先度を有する第２分散電源と、前記コスト優先度として前記第２優先度よりも低い第３優先度を有する蓄電池装置と、少なくとも前記蓄電池装置を制御する電源制御装置とを備える。前記電源制御装置は、２以上の電力需要パターンのそれぞれについて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う時間帯として適切な時間帯を示す情報及び前記蓄電池装置の充電動作に用いる電源として適切な電源を示す情報を管理する。前記電源制御装置は、前記２以上の電力需要パターンの中から前記施設に対応する電力需要パターンを特定し、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な時間帯において、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な電源を用いて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う。 A power supply control system according to a third aspect includes a first distributed power supply having a first priority as a cost priority and a second distributed power supply having a second priority lower than the first priority as the cost priority. And a storage battery device having a third priority lower than the second priority as the cost priority, and a power control device for controlling at least the storage battery device. The power supply control device indicates information indicating an appropriate time zone as a time zone for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device and an appropriate power source as a power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device for each of two or more power demand patterns. Manage information. The power control device identifies a power demand pattern corresponding to the facility from the two or more power demand patterns, and identifies the power demand identified in the appropriate time zone managed for the identified power demand pattern The storage battery device is charged using the appropriate power source managed for the pattern.
図１は、一実施形態に係る電源制御システム１００を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a power supply control system 100 according to an embodiment. 図２は、一実施形態に係る施設３００を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a facility 300 according to an embodiment. 図３は、一実施形態に係る電力管理サーバ２００を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a power management server 200 according to an embodiment. 図４は、一実施形態に係るローカル制御装置３６０を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the local control device 360 according to an embodiment. 図５は、一実施形態に係る電力需要パターンを説明するための図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a power demand pattern according to an embodiment. 図６は、一実施形態に係る電力需要パターンを説明するための図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a power demand pattern according to an embodiment. 図７は、一実施形態に係る電力需要パターンを説明するための図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a power demand pattern according to an embodiment. 図８は、一実施形態に係る電力需要パターンを説明するための図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a power demand pattern according to an embodiment. 図９は、一実施形態に係る電力需要パターンを説明するための図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a power demand pattern according to an embodiment. 図１０は、一実施形態に係る電源制御方法を示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a power control method according to an embodiment.
　背景技術において言及された技術においては、蓄電池装置の放電動作によってピークカット制御を行う前段階として、蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う必要がある。しかしながら、蓄電池装置の充電動作を行うための電源として複数の電源が想定されておらず、どの電源から供給される電力によって蓄電池装置の充電動作を行うのかについて議論されていない。一方で、蓄電池装置の充電動作に用いる電源を様々な環境要因に応じて演算しようとすると、このような演算負荷が増大する。 In the technology mentioned in the background art, it is necessary to perform the charging operation of the storage battery device as a stage before performing the peak cut control by the discharging operation of the storage battery device. However, a plurality of power sources are not assumed as power sources for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device, and there is no discussion about which power source supplies the charging operation of the storage battery device. On the other hand, when an attempt is made to calculate the power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device according to various environmental factors, such a calculation load increases.
　本開示は、蓄電池装置の充電動作に用いる電源として適切な電源を簡易な方法で選択することを可能とする電源制御方法、電源制御装置及び電源制御システムを提供する。 The present disclosure provides a power supply control method, a power supply control apparatus, and a power supply control system that enable an appropriate power supply to be selected as a power supply used for a charging operation of a storage battery device by a simple method.
　［実施形態］
　（電源制御システム）
　以下において、実施形態に係る電源制御システムについて説明する。 [Embodiment]
(Power control system)
Hereinafter, a power supply control system according to the embodiment will be described.
　図１に示すように、電源制御システム１００は、電力管理サーバ２００と、施設３００とを有する。図１では、施設３００として、施設３００Ａ～施設３００Ｃが例示されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply control system 100 includes a power management server 200 and a facility 300. In FIG. 1, as the facility 300, a facility 300A to a facility 300C are illustrated.
　各施設３００は、電力系統１１０に接続される。以下において、電力系統１１０から施設３００への電力の流れを潮流と称し、施設３００から電力系統１１０への電力の流れを逆潮流と称する。 Each facility 300 is connected to the power system 110. In the following, the flow of power from the power system 110 to the facility 300 is referred to as tidal current, and the flow of power from the facility 300 to the power system 110 is referred to as reverse power flow.
　電力管理サーバ２００、施設３００は、ネットワーク１２０に接続されている。ネットワーク１２０は、電力管理サーバ２００と施設３００との間の回線を提供すればよい。ネットワーク１２０は、例えば、インターネットである。ネットワーク１２０は、ＶＰＮ（Ｖｉｒｔｕａｌ　Ｐｒｉｖａｔｅ　Ｎｅｔｗｏｒｋ）などの専用回線を提供してもよい。 The power management server 200 and the facility 300 are connected to the network 120. The network 120 may provide a line between the power management server 200 and the facility 300. The network 120 is, for example, the Internet. The network 120 may provide a dedicated line such as a VPN (Virtual Private Network).
　電力管理サーバ２００は、発電事業者、送配電事業者或いは小売事業者などの事業者によって管理されるサーバである。 The power management server 200 is a server managed by a business operator such as a power generation business, a power transmission / distribution business, or a retail business.
　電力管理サーバ２００は、施設３００に設けられるローカル制御装置３６０に対して、施設３００に設けられる分散電源（例えば、太陽電池装置、蓄電池装置及び燃料電池装置）に対する制御を指示する制御メッセージを送信する。例えば、電力管理サーバ２００は、潮流の制御を要求する潮流制御メッセージ（例えば、ＤＲ；Ｄｅｍａｎｄ　Ｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅ）を送信してもよく、逆潮流の制御を要求する逆潮流制御メッセージを送信してもよい。さらに、電力管理サーバ２００は、分散電源の動作状態を制御する電源制御メッセージを送信してもよい。潮流又は逆潮流の制御度合いは、絶対値（例えば、○○ｋＷ）で表されてもよく、相対値（例えば、○○％）で表されてもよい。或いは、潮流又は逆潮流の制御度合いは、２以上のレベルで表されてもよい。潮流又は逆潮流の制御度合いは、現在の電力需給バランスによって定められる電力料金（ＲＴＰ；Ｒｅａｌ　Ｔｉｍｅ　Ｐｒｉｃｉｎｇ）によって表されてもよく、過去の電力需給バランスによって定められる電力料金（ＴＯＵ；Ｔｉｍｅ　Ｏｆ　Ｕｓｅ）によって表されてもよい。 The power management server 200 transmits, to the local control device 360 provided in the facility 300, a control message instructing control of a distributed power source (for example, a solar cell device, a storage battery device, and a fuel cell device) provided in the facility 300. . For example, the power management server 200 may transmit a power flow control message (for example, DR; Demand Response) that requests control of power flow, or may transmit a reverse power flow control message that requests control of reverse power flow. Furthermore, the power management server 200 may transmit a power control message for controlling the operating state of the distributed power. The degree of control of the tidal current or the reverse tidal current may be represented by an absolute value (for example, OO kW) or a relative value (for example, OO%). Or the control degree of a tidal current or a reverse tidal current may be represented by two or more levels. The degree of control of the tidal current or reverse power flow may be represented by a power rate (RTP: Real Time Pricing) determined by the current power supply / demand balance, or a power rate (TOU: Time Of Use) determined by the past power supply / demand balance May be represented by
　施設３００は、図２に示すように、ルータ５００を有する。ルータ５００は、ネットワーク１２０を介して電力管理サーバ２００と接続される。ルータ５００は、ローカルエリアネットワークを構成しており、各装置（例えば、電力計３２１、ＰＣＳ３３１、ＰＣＳ３３２、ＰＣＳ３３３負荷３５０及びローカル制御装置３６０など）と接続される。図２において、実線は電力線を示しており、点線は信号線を示している。実施形態はこれに限定されるものではなく、電力線で信号が送信されてもよい。 The facility 300 includes a router 500 as shown in FIG. The router 500 is connected to the power management server 200 via the network 120. The router 500 forms a local area network and is connected to each device (for example, a power meter 321, a PCS 331, a PCS 332, a PCS 333 load 350, a local control device 360, and the like). In FIG. 2, a solid line indicates a power line, and a dotted line indicates a signal line. The embodiment is not limited to this, and a signal may be transmitted through a power line.
　施設３００は、太陽電池３１１と、蓄電池３１２と、燃料電池３１３と、給湯装置３１４と、電力計３２１と、ＰＣＳ３３１と、ＰＣＳ３３２と、ＰＣＳ３３３と、分電盤３４０と、負荷３５０と、ローカル制御装置３６０とを有する。 The facility 300 includes a solar cell 311, a storage battery 312, a fuel cell 313, a hot water supply device 314, a power meter 321, a PCS 331, a PCS 332, a PCS 333, a distribution board 340, a load 350, and a local control device. 360.
　太陽電池３１１は、受光に応じて発電を行う装置である。太陽電池３１１は、発電された直流電力を出力する。太陽電池３１１の発電量は、太陽電池３１１に照射される日射量に応じて変化する。 The solar cell 311 is a device that generates power in response to light reception. The solar cell 311 outputs the generated DC power. The amount of power generated by the solar cell 311 changes according to the amount of solar radiation applied to the solar cell 311.
　蓄電池３１２は、電力を蓄積する装置である。蓄電池３１２は、蓄積された直流電力を出力する。蓄電池３１２は、ＶＰＰ（Ｖｉｒｔｕａｌ　Ｐｏｗｅｒ　Ｐｌａｎｔ）に用いられる電源であってもよい。 The storage battery 312 is a device that stores electric power. The storage battery 312 outputs the accumulated DC power. The storage battery 312 may be a power source used for VPP (Virtual Power Plant).
　燃料電池３１３は、燃料を用いて電力を発電する電池である。燃料は、例えば水素を含む材料であってもよいし、アルコールを含む材料であってもよい。燃料電池３１３は、例えば、固体酸化物型燃料電池（以下、ＳＯＦＣ：Ｓｏｌｉｄ　Ｏｘｉｄｅ　Ｆｕｅｌ　Ｃｅｌｌ）、固体高分子型燃料電池（以下、ＰＥＦＣ：Ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒ　Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｌｙｔｅ　Ｆｕｅｌ　Ｃｅｌｌ）、リン酸型燃料電池（以下、ＰＡＦＣ：Ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｒｉｃ　Ａｃｉｄ　Ｆｕｅｌ　Ｃｅｌｌ）及び溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池（以下、ＭＣＦＣ：Ｍｏｌｔｅｎ　Ｃａｒｂｏｎａｔｅ　Ｆｕｅｌ　Ｃｅｌｌ）のいずれかであってもよい。 The fuel cell 313 is a battery that generates electric power using fuel. The fuel may be, for example, a material containing hydrogen or a material containing alcohol. The fuel cell 313 includes, for example, a solid oxide fuel cell (hereinafter referred to as SOFC: Solid Oxide Fuel Cell), a solid polymer fuel cell (hereinafter referred to as PEFC: Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell), a phosphoric acid fuel cell (hereinafter referred to as PAFC). : Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell) or Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (hereinafter referred to as MCFC: Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell).
　給湯装置３１４は、貯湯槽を有しており、燃料電池３１３の排熱を用いて、貯湯槽に貯留される水（湯）の量を維持又は増大し、或いは、貯湯槽に貯留される水（湯）の温度を維持又は上昇する。このような制御は、貯湯槽に貯留される水の沸き上げと称してもよい。 The hot water supply device 314 has a hot water storage tank, and uses the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 313 to maintain or increase the amount of water (hot water) stored in the hot water storage tank, or to store water in the hot water storage tank. Maintain or increase the temperature of (hot water). Such control may be referred to as boiling water stored in the hot water tank.
　電力計３２１は、電力系統１１０から施設３００に供給される電力（電力需要）を計測する電力計である。電力計３２１は、電力系統１１０から施設３００に対する電流を計測するＣＴ（Ｃｕｒｒｅｎｔ　Ｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍｅｒ）であってもよい。電力需要は、負荷３５０の消費電力から分散電源の出力電力を差し引いた値である。蓄電池３１２が充電動作を行う場合には、蓄電池３１２を負荷３５０の一つと考えてもよい。 The wattmeter 321 is a wattmeter that measures the power (power demand) supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300. The wattmeter 321 may be a CT (Current Transformer) that measures current from the power system 110 to the facility 300. The power demand is a value obtained by subtracting the output power of the distributed power source from the power consumption of the load 350. When the storage battery 312 performs the charging operation, the storage battery 312 may be considered as one of the loads 350.
　ＰＣＳ３３１は、太陽電池３１１に接続される電力変換装置（ＰＣＳ；Ｐｏｗｅｒ　Ｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇ　Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）である。ＰＣＳ３３１は、太陽電池３１１からの直流電力を交流電力に変換する。ＰＣＳ３３１は、変換した交流電力を第１分電盤３４０Ａに出力してもよい。ＰＣＳ３３１は、変換した交流電力を蓄電池３１２に出力してもよい。 The PCS 331 is a power conversion device (PCS; Power Conditioning System) connected to the solar cell 311. The PCS 331 converts DC power from the solar cell 311 into AC power. The PCS 331 may output the converted AC power to the first distribution board 340A. The PCS 331 may output the converted AC power to the storage battery 312.
　ＰＣＳ３３２は、蓄電池３１２に接続される電力変換装置である。ＰＣＳ３３２は、蓄電池３１２からの直流電力を交流電力に変換する。ＰＣＳ３３２は、変換した交流電力を第１分電盤３４０Ａに出力する。ＰＣＳ３３２は、蓄電池３１２への交流電力を直流電力に変換する。ＰＣＳ３３２は、変換した直流電力を蓄電池３１２に出力する。 PCS 332 is a power conversion device connected to the storage battery 312. The PCS 332 converts DC power from the storage battery 312 into AC power. The PCS 332 outputs the converted AC power to the first distribution board 340A. The PCS 332 converts AC power to the storage battery 312 into DC power. The PCS 332 outputs the converted DC power to the storage battery 312.
　ＰＣＳ３３３は、燃料電池３１３に接続される電力変換装置である。ＰＣＳ３３３は、燃料電池３１３からの直流電力を交流電力に変換する。ＰＣＳ３３３は、変換した交流電力を第１分電盤３４０Ａに出力してもよい。ＰＣＳ３３３は、変換した交流電力を蓄電池３１２に出力してもよい。 PCS333 is a power converter connected to the fuel cell 313. The PCS 333 converts DC power from the fuel cell 313 into AC power. The PCS 333 may output the converted AC power to the first distribution board 340A. The PCS 333 may output the converted AC power to the storage battery 312.
　分電盤３４０は、主幹電力線１０Ｌに接続される。分電盤３４０は、第１分電盤３４０Ａ及び第２分電盤３４０Ｂを有する。第１分電盤３４０Ａは、主幹電力線１０ＬＡを介して電力系統１１０に接続される。第１分電盤３４０Ａは、ＰＣＳ３３１を介して太陽電池３１１と接続されており、ＰＣＳ３３２を介して蓄電池３１２と接続されており、ＰＣＳ３３３を介して燃料電池３１３と接続される。第１分電盤３４０Ａは、ＰＣＳ３３２を介して、電力系統１１０から供給される交流電力を蓄電池３１２に供給してもよい。第１分電盤３４０Ａは、ＰＣＳ３３１から供給される交流電力を、逆潮流として、主幹電力線１０ＬＡを介して電力系統１１０に供給してもよい。第１分電盤３４０Ａは、ＰＣＳ３３２から供給される交流電力を、逆潮流として、主幹電力線１０ＬＡを介して電力系統１１０に供給してもよい。第１分電盤３４０Ａは、ＰＣＳ３３３から供給される交流電力を、逆潮流として、主幹電力線１０ＬＡを介して電力系統１１０に供給してもよい。第１分電盤３４０Ａは、主幹電力線１０ＬＢを介して、ＰＣＳ３３１～ＰＣＳ３３３から出力される電力及び電力系統１１０から供給される電力を第２分電盤３４０Ｂに供給する。第２分電盤３４０Ｂは、主幹電力線１０ＬＢを介して供給される電力を各機器に分配する。各機器は、例えば、負荷３５０、ローカル制御装置３６０等である。 Distribution board 340 is connected to main power line 10L. The distribution board 340 includes a first distribution board 340A and a second distribution board 340B. The first distribution board 340A is connected to the power system 110 via the main power line 10LA. The first distribution board 340A is connected to the solar cell 311 via the PCS 331, is connected to the storage battery 312 via the PCS 332, and is connected to the fuel cell 313 via the PCS 333. The first distribution board 340 </ b> A may supply AC power supplied from the power system 110 to the storage battery 312 via the PCS 332. The first distribution board 340A may supply the AC power supplied from the PCS 331 to the power system 110 via the main power line 10LA as a reverse power flow. The first distribution board 340A may supply the AC power supplied from the PCS 332 to the power system 110 via the main power line 10LA as a reverse power flow. The first distribution board 340A may supply the AC power supplied from the PCS 333 to the power system 110 via the main power line 10LA as a reverse power flow. The first distribution board 340A supplies the power output from the PCS 331 to PCS 333 and the power supplied from the power system 110 to the second distribution board 340B via the main power line 10LB. The second distribution board 340B distributes the power supplied via the main power line 10LB to each device. Each device is, for example, a load 350, a local control device 360, and the like.
　負荷３５０は、電力線を介して供給される電力を消費する装置である。例えば、負荷３５０は、エアーコンディショナ、照明装置、冷蔵庫、テレビなどの装置を含む。負荷３５０は、単数の装置であってもよく、複数の装置を含んでもよい。 The load 350 is a device that consumes power supplied through the power line. For example, the load 350 includes devices such as an air conditioner, a lighting device, a refrigerator, and a television. The load 350 may be a single device or may include a plurality of devices.
　ローカル制御装置３６０は、施設３００における電力を示す電力情報を管理する装置（ＥＭＳ；Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　Ｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ　Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）である。施設３００における電力とは、施設３００内を流れる電力、施設３００が買電する電力、又は施設３００から売電する電力である。従って、ローカル制御装置３６０は、少なくともＰＣＳ３３１～ＰＣＳ３３３を管理する。ローカル制御装置３６０は、負荷３５０を管理してもよい。また、負荷３５０が複数の装置を含む場合には、ローカル制御装置３６０は、複数の装置のうち一部の装置を管理してもよい。また、この場合、ローカル制御装置３６０は、所定の優先順位に従って、複数の装置を管理してもよい。また、このような優先順位は、負荷３５０が消費する消費電力量に基づいて、ローカル制御装置３６０が決定してもよい。 The local control device 360 is a device (EMS; Energy Management System) that manages power information indicating power in the facility 300. The power in the facility 300 is the power flowing through the facility 300, the power purchased by the facility 300, or the power sold from the facility 300. Accordingly, the local control device 360 manages at least the PCS 331 to PCS 333. The local control device 360 may manage the load 350. Further, when the load 350 includes a plurality of devices, the local control device 360 may manage some of the plurality of devices. In this case, the local control device 360 may manage a plurality of devices according to a predetermined priority order. Further, such a priority order may be determined by the local control device 360 based on the power consumption amount consumed by the load 350.
　実施形態において、太陽電池３１１は、コスト優先度として第１優先度を有する第１分散電源の一例である。太陽電池３１１の単体を太陽電池装置と称してもよく、太陽電池３１１及びＰＣＳ３３１を太陽電池装置と称してもよい。 In the embodiment, the solar cell 311 is an example of a first distributed power source having a first priority as a cost priority. A single solar cell 311 may be referred to as a solar cell device, and the solar cell 311 and the PCS 331 may be referred to as a solar cell device.
　燃料電池３１３は、コスト優先度として第１優先度よりも低い第２優先度を有する第２分散電源の一例である。燃料電池３１３の単体を燃料電池装置と称してもよく、燃料電池３１３及びＰＣＳ３３３を燃料電池装置と称してもよく、燃料電池３１３、給湯装置３１４及びＰＣＳ３３３を燃料電池装置と称してもよい。 The fuel cell 313 is an example of a second distributed power source having a second priority lower than the first priority as the cost priority. The single fuel cell 313 may be referred to as a fuel cell device, the fuel cell 313 and the PCS 333 may be referred to as a fuel cell device, and the fuel cell 313, the hot water supply device 314, and the PCS 333 may be referred to as a fuel cell device.
　蓄電池３１２は、コスト優先度として第２優先度よりも低い第３優先度を有する第３分散電源の一例である。蓄電池３１２の単体を蓄電池装置と称してもよく、蓄電池３１２及びＰＣＳ３３２を蓄電池装置と称してもよい。 The storage battery 312 is an example of a third distributed power source having a third priority lower than the second priority as the cost priority. The single storage battery 312 may be referred to as a storage battery device, and the storage battery 312 and the PCS 332 may be referred to as storage battery devices.
　なお、コスト優先度は、分散電源の種類によって異なるものであり、実施形態においては、コスト優先度が高い分散電源ほど、電力コストが低いものとする。次に電力コストについて説明する。燃料電池３１３の電力コストは、主として燃料となるガスの料金に依存する。蓄電池３１２の電力コストは、主として充電する際の電力料金に依存する。例えば、蓄電池３１２の電力コストは、電力系統１１０から買電する際の電力料金に基づいて算出される。また、蓄電池３１２は、太陽電池３１１の発電電力を充電すれば、電力コストをより低減できる。このように、蓄電池３１２の電力コストは、蓄電池３１２の充電動作に用いる電源（充電使用電源）によって変動する。それゆえ、蓄電池３１２は燃料電池３１３よりもコスト優先度が高くなる場合もある。なお、太陽電池３１１は、発電時に燃料等が不要であるため、燃料電池３１３および蓄電池３１２に比べて電力コストが低く、コスト優先度が高い。したがって、太陽電池３１１のコスト優先度は、燃料電池３１３のコスト優先度よりも高いため、充電使用電源が太陽電池３１１であるケースにおける蓄電池３１２のコスト優先度は、充電使用電源が燃料電池３１３であるケースにおける蓄電池３１２のコスト優先度よりも高い。また、燃料電池３１３の電力コストは、電力系統１１０から買電する際の電力料金よりも低いため、充電使用電源が燃料電池３１３であるケースにおける蓄電池３１２のコスト優先度は、充電使用電源が電力系統１１０であるケースにおける蓄電池３１２のコスト優先度よりも高くなる。 Note that the cost priority varies depending on the type of the distributed power source, and in the embodiment, the power source having a higher cost priority has a lower power cost. Next, the power cost will be described. The power cost of the fuel cell 313 mainly depends on the charge of gas serving as fuel. The power cost of the storage battery 312 mainly depends on the power charge when charging. For example, the power cost of the storage battery 312 is calculated based on the power charge when purchasing power from the power system 110. Moreover, if the storage battery 312 charges the generated electric power of the solar cell 311, the power cost can be further reduced. As described above, the power cost of the storage battery 312 varies depending on the power source (charging power source) used for the charging operation of the storage battery 312. Therefore, the storage battery 312 may have a higher cost priority than the fuel cell 313. Note that the solar cell 311 does not require fuel or the like during power generation, and therefore has a lower power cost and higher cost priority than the fuel cell 313 and the storage battery 312. Therefore, since the cost priority of the solar cell 311 is higher than the cost priority of the fuel cell 313, the cost priority of the storage battery 312 in the case where the power source used for charging is the solar cell 311 is that the power source used for charging is the fuel cell 313. It is higher than the cost priority of the storage battery 312 in a certain case. In addition, since the power cost of the fuel cell 313 is lower than the power charge when purchasing power from the power system 110, the cost priority of the storage battery 312 in the case where the power source used for charging is the fuel cell 313 is that the power source used for charging is power. It becomes higher than the cost priority of the storage battery 312 in the case of the system 110.
　実施形態において、電力管理サーバ２００とローカル制御装置３６０との間の通信は、第１プロトコルに従って行われる。一方で、ローカル制御装置３６０と分散電源との間の通信は、第１プロトコルとは異なる第２プロトコルに従って行われる。第１プロトコルとしては、例えば、Ｏｐｅｎ　ＡＤＲ（Ａｕｔｏｍａｔｅｄ　Ｄｅｍａｎｄ　Ｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅ）（商標）に準拠するプロトコル、或いは、独自の専用プロトコルを用いることができる。第２プロトコルは、例えば、ＥＣＨＯＮＥＴ　Ｌｉｔｅ（登録商標）に準拠するプロトコル、ＳＥＰ（Ｓｍａｒｔ　Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　Ｐｒｏｆｉｌｅ）２．０、ＫＮＸ、或いは、独自の専用プロトコルを用いることができる。なお、第１プロトコルと第２プロトコルは異なっていればよく、例えば、両方が独自の専用プロトコルであっても異なる規則で作られたプロトコルであればよい。 In the embodiment, communication between the power management server 200 and the local control device 360 is performed according to the first protocol. On the other hand, communication between the local control device 360 and the distributed power supply is performed according to a second protocol different from the first protocol. As the first protocol, for example, a protocol conforming to Open ADR (Automated Demand Response) (trademark) or a unique dedicated protocol can be used. As the second protocol, for example, a protocol conforming to ECHONET Lite (registered trademark), SEP (Smart Energy Profile) 2.0, KNX, or an original dedicated protocol can be used. Note that the first protocol and the second protocol only need to be different. For example, even if both are unique dedicated protocols, they may be protocols created according to different rules.
　（電力管理サーバ）
　以下において、実施形態に係る電力管理サーバについて説明する。図３に示すように、電力管理サーバ２００は、管理部２１０と、通信部２２０と、制御部２３０とを有する。電力管理サーバ２００は、ＶＴＮ（Ｖｉｒｔｕａｌ　Ｔｏｐ　Ｎｏｄｅ）の一例である。 (Power management server)
Hereinafter, the power management server according to the embodiment will be described. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the power management server 200 includes a management unit 210, a communication unit 220, and a control unit 230. The power management server 200 is an example of a VTN (Virtual Top Node).
　管理部２１０は、不揮発性メモリ又は／及びＨＤＤなどの記憶媒体によって構成されており、施設３００に関するデータを管理する。施設３００に関するデータは、例えば、施設３００に設けられる分散電源の種別、施設３００に設けられる分散電源のスペックなどである。スペックは、太陽電池３１１に接続されるＰＣＳ３３１の定格発電電力、蓄電池３１２に接続されるＰＣＳ３３２の定格出力電力、燃料電池３１３に接続されるＰＣＳ３３３の定格出力電力などであってもよい。 The management unit 210 is configured by a storage medium such as a non-volatile memory and / or an HDD, and manages data related to the facility 300. The data related to the facility 300 includes, for example, the type of the distributed power source provided in the facility 300, the specifications of the distributed power source provided in the facility 300, and the like. The spec may be the rated generated power of the PCS 331 connected to the solar cell 311, the rated output power of the PCS 332 connected to the storage battery 312, the rated output power of the PCS 333 connected to the fuel cell 313, and the like.
　通信部２２０は、通信モジュールによって構成されており、ネットワーク１２０を介してローカル制御装置３６０と通信を行う。通信部２２０は、上述したように、第１プロトコルに従って通信を行う。例えば、通信部２２０は、第１プロトコルに従って第１メッセージをローカル制御装置３６０に送信する。通信部２２０は、第１プロトコルに従って第１メッセージ応答をローカル制御装置３６０から受信する。 The communication unit 220 includes a communication module, and communicates with the local control device 360 via the network 120. As described above, the communication unit 220 performs communication according to the first protocol. For example, the communication unit 220 transmits the first message to the local control device 360 according to the first protocol. The communication unit 220 receives the first message response from the local control device 360 according to the first protocol.
　制御部２３０は、メモリ及びＣＰＵなどによって構成されており、電力管理サーバ２００に設けられる各構成を制御する。制御部２３０は、例えば、制御メッセージの送信によって、施設３００に設けられるローカル制御装置３６０に対して、施設３００に設けられる分散電源に対する制御を指示する。また、制御部２３０は、施設３００に設けられるローカル制御装置３６０に対して、施設３００に設けられる負荷３５０に対する制御を指示してもよい。制御メッセージは、上述したように、潮流制御メッセージであってもよく、逆潮流制御メッセージであってもよく、電源制御メッセージであってもよい。 The control unit 230 includes a memory, a CPU, and the like, and controls each component provided in the power management server 200. For example, the control unit 230 instructs the local control device 360 provided in the facility 300 to control the distributed power source provided in the facility 300 by transmitting a control message. The control unit 230 may instruct the local control device 360 provided in the facility 300 to control the load 350 provided in the facility 300. As described above, the control message may be a power flow control message, a reverse power flow control message, or a power control message.
　（ローカル制御装置）
　以下において、実施形態に係るローカル制御装置について説明する。図４に示すように、ローカル制御装置３６０は、第１通信部３６１と、第２通信部３６２と、制御部３６３とを有する。ローカル制御装置３６０は、ＶＥＮ（Ｖｉｒｔｕａｌ　Ｅｎｄ　Ｎｏｄｅ）の一例である。 (Local control device)
Hereinafter, a local control device according to the embodiment will be described. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the local control device 360 includes a first communication unit 361, a second communication unit 362, and a control unit 363. The local control device 360 is an example of a VEN (Virtual End Node).
　第１通信部３６１は、通信モジュールによって構成されており、ネットワーク１２０を介して電力管理サーバ２００と通信を行う。第１通信部３６１は、上述したように、第１プロトコルに従って通信を行う。例えば、第１通信部３６１は、第１プロトコルに従って第１メッセージを電力管理サーバ２００から受信する。第１通信部３６１は、第１プロトコルに従って第１メッセージ応答を電力管理サーバ２００に送信する。 The first communication unit 361 is configured by a communication module and communicates with the power management server 200 via the network 120. As described above, the first communication unit 361 performs communication according to the first protocol. For example, the first communication unit 361 receives the first message from the power management server 200 according to the first protocol. The first communication unit 361 transmits a first message response to the power management server 200 according to the first protocol.
　第２通信部３６２は、通信モジュールによって構成されており、分散電源（例えば、ＰＣＳ３３１～ＰＣＳ３３３）と通信を行う。第２通信部３６２は、上述したように、第２プロトコルに従って通信を行う。例えば、第２通信部３６２は、第２プロトコルに従って第２メッセージを分散電源に送信する。第２通信部３６２は、第２プロトコルに従って第２メッセージ応答を分散電源から受信する。また、第２通信部３６２は、第２プロトコルに従って第２メッセージを負荷３５０に送信してもよい。また、第２通信部３６２は、第２プロトコルに従って第２メッセージ応答を負荷３５０から受信してもよい。 The second communication unit 362 includes a communication module, and communicates with distributed power sources (for example, PCS331 to PCS333). As described above, the second communication unit 362 performs communication according to the second protocol. For example, the second communication unit 362 transmits the second message to the distributed power source according to the second protocol. The second communication unit 362 receives the second message response from the distributed power source according to the second protocol. In addition, the second communication unit 362 may transmit the second message to the load 350 according to the second protocol. Further, the second communication unit 362 may receive the second message response from the load 350 according to the second protocol.
　制御部３６３は、メモリ及びＣＰＵなどによって構成されており、ローカル制御装置３６０に設けられる各構成を制御する。具体的には、制御部３６３は、施設３００の電力を制御するために、第２メッセージの送信及び第２メッセージ応答の受信によって、分散電源の動作状態の設定を分散電源に指示する。制御部３６３は、施設３００の電力を管理するために、第２メッセージの送信及び第２メッセージ応答の受信によって分散電源の情報の報告を分散電源に指示してもよい。また、制御部３６３は、第２メッセージの送信及び第２メッセージ応答の受信によって、負荷３５０の動作状態の設定を負荷３５０に指示してもよい。また、制御部３６３は、施設３００の電力を管理するために、第２メッセージの送信及び第２メッセージ応答の受信によって負荷３５０の情報の報告を負荷３５０に指示してもよい。 The control unit 363 includes a memory and a CPU, and controls each component provided in the local control device 360. Specifically, in order to control the power of the facility 300, the control unit 363 instructs the distributed power supply to set the operating state of the distributed power supply by transmitting the second message and receiving the second message response. In order to manage the power of the facility 300, the control unit 363 may instruct the distributed power supply to report information on the distributed power supply by transmitting the second message and receiving the second message response. Further, the control unit 363 may instruct the load 350 to set the operation state of the load 350 by transmitting the second message and receiving the second message response. Further, the control unit 363 may instruct the load 350 to report information on the load 350 by transmitting the second message and receiving the second message response in order to manage the power of the facility 300.
　実施形態において、制御部３６３は、蓄電池３１２を少なくとも含む蓄電池装置を制御する。制御部３６３は、蓄電池装置に加えて、太陽電池３１１を少なくとも含む太陽電池装置、及び燃料電池３１３を少なくとも含む燃料電池装置を制御してもよい。 In the embodiment, the control unit 363 controls a storage battery device including at least the storage battery 312. The control unit 363 may control a solar cell device including at least the solar cell 311 and a fuel cell device including at least the fuel cell 313 in addition to the storage battery device.
　制御部３６３は、２以上の電力需要パターンのそれぞれについて、蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う時間帯として適切な時間帯（以下、充電時間帯）を示す情報及び蓄電池装置の充電動作に用いる電源として適切な電源（上述したように、充電使用電源）を示す情報（図５を参照）を管理する。例えば、２以上の電力需要パターンとしては、図５に示すように、Ｎｏ．１～Ｎｏ．６の電力需要パターンが考えられる。このようなケースにおいて、電力系統１１０から施設３００に供給される電力のピーク値を蓄電池装置の放電動作によって低減するピークカット制御について考える。ピーク値は、所定期間（例えば、１日）におけるデマンド値の最大値である。デマンド値は、所定時間（例えば、３０分）において電力系統１１０から施設３００に供給される電力の累積値（ｋＷｈ）であってもよく、電力系統１１０から施設３００に供給される電力の瞬時値（ｋＷ）であってもよい。 For each of the two or more power demand patterns, the control unit 363 is suitable as information indicating an appropriate time zone (hereinafter referred to as a charging time zone) as a time zone for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device and a power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device Information (see FIG. 5) indicating a valid power source (as described above, a charging power source). For example, as shown in FIG. 1-No. Six power demand patterns are possible. In such a case, consider peak cut control for reducing the peak value of power supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300 by the discharging operation of the storage battery device. The peak value is a maximum value of the demand value in a predetermined period (for example, one day). The demand value may be a cumulative value (kWh) of power supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300 in a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes), or an instantaneous value of power supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300. (KW).
　Ｎｏ．１の電力需要パターンは、図６に示すように、電量需要のピークが昼に発生する電力需要パターンである。図６において、左側の縦軸は、電量需要の絶対値（ｋＷ）を表しており、右側の縦軸は、電量需要の指数を表している。指数＝１は、契約によって定められる電量需要の最大値を表している。このような電力需要パターンでは、ピークカット制御に備えて蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う必要があるが、電量需要のピークが昼に発生するため、充電使用電源として太陽電池３１１を用いることが難しい。従って、施設３００の電力需要パターンがＮｏ．１の電力需要パターンに該当する場合には、図５に示すように、充電時間帯として夜間が管理され、充電使用電源として燃料電池装置（ＦＣ）が管理される。つまり、施設３００の電力需要パターンがＮｏ．１の電力需要パターンに該当する場合には、ピークカット制御を確実に行うために、太陽電池３１１よりもコスト優先度が低い燃料電池３１３を充電使用電源として用いてもよい。 No. As shown in FIG. 6, the power demand pattern 1 is a power demand pattern in which a peak of power demand occurs in the daytime. In FIG. 6, the left vertical axis represents the absolute value (kW) of electricity demand, and the right vertical axis represents the electricity demand index. The index = 1 represents the maximum value of the electricity demand determined by the contract. In such a power demand pattern, it is necessary to perform a charging operation of the storage battery device in preparation for peak cut control. However, since a peak of power demand occurs in the daytime, it is difficult to use the solar battery 311 as a charging power source. Therefore, the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. When it corresponds to the power demand pattern 1, as shown in FIG. 5, night is managed as a charging time zone, and a fuel cell device (FC) is managed as a charging power source. That is, the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. In the case of corresponding to the power demand pattern of 1, the fuel cell 313 having a lower cost priority than the solar cell 311 may be used as the charging power source in order to surely perform the peak cut control.
　Ｎｏ．１の電力需要パターンは、例えば、デパート、スーパーマーケット、家電量販店、官公庁、研究機関、事務所、病院等に見られるパターンである。 No. One power demand pattern is, for example, a pattern found in department stores, supermarkets, home appliance mass retailers, government offices, research institutions, offices, hospitals, and the like.
　Ｎｏ．２の電力需要パターンは、図７に示すように、電量需要のピークが夜に発生する電力需要パターンである。図７において、左側の縦軸は、電量需要の絶対値（ｋＷ）を表しており、右側の縦軸は、電量需要の指数を表している。指数＝１は、契約で定める電量需要の最大値を表している。このような電力需要パターンでは、ピークカット制御に備えて蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う必要があるが、電量需要のピークが夜に発生するため、充電使用電源として太陽電池３１１を用いることができる。従って、施設３００の電力需要パターンがＮｏ．２の電力需要パターンに該当する場合には、図５に示すように、充電時間帯として昼間が管理され、充電使用電源として太陽電池装置（ＰＶ）が管理される。つまり、施設３００の電力需要パターンがＮｏ．２の電力需要パターンに該当する場合には、コスト優先度が高い太陽電池３１１を充電使用電源として用いることができる。その結果、蓄電池３１２の電力コストを低減できる。 No. The power demand pattern 2 is a power demand pattern in which a peak of power demand occurs at night as shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, the left vertical axis represents the absolute value (kW) of electricity demand, and the right vertical axis represents the electricity demand index. The index = 1 represents the maximum value of electricity demand determined by the contract. In such a power demand pattern, it is necessary to perform a charging operation of the storage battery device in preparation for peak cut control. However, since a peak of power demand occurs at night, the solar battery 311 can be used as a charging power source. Therefore, the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. When it corresponds to the power demand pattern 2, as shown in FIG. 5, the daytime is managed as the charging time zone, and the solar cell device (PV) is managed as the charging power source. That is, the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. In the case of corresponding to the power demand pattern of 2, the solar cell 311 having a high cost priority can be used as the charging power source. As a result, the power cost of the storage battery 312 can be reduced.
　Ｎｏ．２の電力需要パターンは、例えば、営業時間が夕方から朝方までである飲食店等に見られるパターンである。 No. The power demand pattern 2 is, for example, a pattern seen in restaurants and the like whose business hours are from evening to morning.
　Ｎｏ．３の電力需要パターンは、図８に示すように、電量需要のピークが朝に発生する電力需要パターンである。図８において、左側の縦軸は、電量需要の絶対値（ｋＷ）を表しており、右側の縦軸は、電量需要の指数を表している。指数＝１は、契約で定める電量需要の最大値を表している。このような電力需要パターンでは、ピークカット制御に備えて蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う必要があるが、電量需要のピークが朝に発生するため、充電使用電源として太陽電池３１１を用いても、蓄電池装置の蓄電残量が朝まで残っている確実性が低い。従って、施設３００の電力需要パターンがＮｏ．３の電力需要パターンに該当する場合には、図５に示すように、充電時間帯として夜間が管理され、充電使用電源として燃料電池装置（ＦＣ）が管理される。つまり、施設３００の電力需要パターンがＮｏ．３の電力需要パターンに該当する場合には、ピークカット制御を確実に行うために、太陽電池３１１よりもコスト優先度が低い燃料電池３１３を充電使用電源として用いてもよい。 No. The power demand pattern 3 is a power demand pattern in which a peak of power demand occurs in the morning as shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, the left vertical axis represents the absolute value (kW) of electricity demand, and the right vertical axis represents the electricity demand index. The index = 1 represents the maximum value of electricity demand determined by the contract. In such a power demand pattern, it is necessary to perform a charging operation of the storage battery device in preparation for peak cut control. However, since a peak of electricity demand occurs in the morning, even if the solar battery 311 is used as a charging power source, the storage battery is used. There is a low degree of certainty that the remaining power of the device remains until morning. Therefore, the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. When the power demand pattern 3 is satisfied, as shown in FIG. 5, night is managed as the charging time zone, and the fuel cell device (FC) is managed as the charging power source. That is, the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. When the power demand pattern 3 is satisfied, a fuel cell 313 having a lower cost priority than the solar cell 311 may be used as a charging power source in order to reliably perform peak cut control.
　Ｎｏ．３の電力需要パターンは、例えば、ホテル、旅館、太陽電池装置や熱需要装置（例えば、給湯装置）を有する施設等に見られるパターンである。 No. The power demand pattern 3 is a pattern found in, for example, a hotel, a hotel, a solar battery device, a facility having a heat demand device (for example, a hot water supply device), or the like.
　Ｎｏ．４の電力需要パターンは、図９に示すように、電量需要のピークが朝及び夜に発生する電力需要パターンである。図９において、左側の縦軸は、電量需要の絶対値（ｋＷ）を表しており、右側の縦軸は、電量需要の指数を表している。指数＝１は、契約で定める電量需要の最大値を表している。このような電力需要パターンでは、ピークカット制御に備えて蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う必要があるが、２回の電量需要のピークが発生する。従って、施設３００の電力需要パターンがＮｏ．４の電力需要パターンに該当する場合には、図５に示すように、２つの充電時間帯及び充電使用電源が管理される。すなわち、朝の電力需要のピークについては、充電時間帯として夜間が管理され、充電使用電源として燃料電池装置（ＦＣ）が管理される。一方で、夜の電力需要のピークについては、充電時間帯として昼間が管理され、充電使用電源として太陽電池装置（ＰＶ）が管理される。つまり、施設３００の電力需要パターンがＮｏ．４の電力需要パターンに該当する場合には、朝の電力需要のピークに対しては、Ｎｏ．３の電力需要パターンに該当する場合と同様に燃料電池３１３を充電使用電源として用いてもよい。夜の電力需要のピークに対しては、Ｎｏ．２の電力需要パターンに該当する場合と同様に太陽電池３１１を充電使用電源として用いる。 No. The power demand pattern No. 4 is a power demand pattern in which the peak of power demand occurs in the morning and at night as shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, the left vertical axis represents the absolute value (kW) of electricity demand, and the right vertical axis represents the electricity demand index. The index = 1 represents the maximum value of electricity demand determined by the contract. In such a power demand pattern, it is necessary to perform a charging operation of the storage battery device in preparation for the peak cut control, but there are two power demand peaks. Therefore, the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. In the case of corresponding to the power demand pattern of 4, as shown in FIG. 5, the two charging time zones and the charging power source are managed. That is, regarding the peak of the morning power demand, the night is managed as the charging time zone, and the fuel cell device (FC) is managed as the charging power source. On the other hand, about the peak of the night electric power demand, daytime is managed as a charging time zone, and a solar cell device (PV) is managed as a charging power source. That is, the power demand pattern of the facility 300 is No. 4 corresponds to the power demand pattern of No. 4, the peak of morning power demand is No. The fuel cell 313 may be used as a charging power source as in the case of corresponding to the power demand pattern 3. For the peak of power demand at night, no. The solar battery 311 is used as a charging power source as in the case of corresponding to the power demand pattern of No. 2.
　Ｎｏ．４の電力需要パターンは、例えば、冬場において、幼稚園、小学校、中学校、文化施設、福祉施設等に見られるパターンである。 No. The power demand pattern 4 is, for example, a pattern that is found in kindergartens, elementary schools, junior high schools, cultural facilities, welfare facilities, and the like in winter.
　Ｎｏ．５の電力需要パターンは、電力需要のピークが存在する時間帯が季節毎に異なる電力需要パターンである。このような電力需要パターンは、ピーク値が第１ピーク値である第１季節に適用する第１電力需要パターンと、ピーク値が第１ピーク値よりも小さい第２ピーク値である第２季節に適用する第２電力需要パターンとを含む。或いは、Ｎｏ．５の電力需要パターンは、電力需要のピークが存在する時間帯が曜日毎に異なる電力需要パターンである。このような電力需要パターンは、ピーク値が第１ピーク値である第１曜日に適用する第１電力需要パターンと、ピーク値が第１ピーク値よりも小さい第２ピーク値である第２曜日に適用する第２電力需要パターンとを含む。これらの電力需要パターンでは、第２季節（又は第２曜日）の第２ピーク値が第１季節（又は第１曜日）の第１ピーク値よりも小さいため、第２季節（又は第２曜日）において、契約によって定められる電量需要の最大値をピーク値が超える可能性が小さく、ピークカット制御を行う必要性が小さい。従って、第１季節（又は第１曜日）においては、上述したＮｏ．１～Ｎｏ．５のいずれかと同様のピークカット制御及びピークカット制御に備えた蓄電池装置の充電動作が行われるが、第２季節（又は第２曜日）においてピークカット制御及びピークカット制御に備えた蓄電池装置の充電動作を要さない通常制御が行われる。 No. The power demand pattern No. 5 is a power demand pattern in which the time zone in which the peak of power demand exists differs from season to season. Such a power demand pattern includes a first power demand pattern applied to the first season in which the peak value is the first peak value, and a second season in which the peak value is the second peak value smaller than the first peak value. And a second power demand pattern to be applied. Alternatively, no. The power demand pattern No. 5 is a power demand pattern in which the time zone in which the peak of power demand exists differs for each day of the week. Such a power demand pattern includes a first power demand pattern applied to the first day of the week when the peak value is the first peak value, and a second day of the week where the peak value is the second peak value smaller than the first peak value. And a second power demand pattern to be applied. In these power demand patterns, since the second peak value in the second season (or the second day) is smaller than the first peak value in the first season (or the first day), the second season (or the second day) Therefore, the possibility that the peak value exceeds the maximum value of the electricity demand determined by the contract is small, and the necessity of performing the peak cut control is small. Therefore, in the first season (or the first day of the week), the above-mentioned No. 1-No. The charge operation of the storage battery device prepared for the peak cut control and the peak cut control similar to any one of 5 is performed, but charging of the storage battery device provided for the peak cut control and the peak cut control in the second season (or the second day of the week) Normal control that does not require action is performed.
　電力需要のピークが存在する時間帯が季節毎に異なる電力需要パターンは、例えば、幼稚園、小学校、中学校、文化施設、福祉施設等に見られるパターンである。電力需要のピークが存在する時間帯が曜日毎に異なる電力需要パターンは、例えば、休業日（曜日）が定められた店舗や事務所等に見られるパターンである。 The power demand pattern in which the time period in which the peak of power demand exists varies from season to season is a pattern found in, for example, kindergartens, elementary schools, junior high schools, cultural facilities, welfare facilities, and the like. The power demand pattern in which the time zone in which the peak of power demand exists differs for each day of the week is, for example, a pattern seen in a store or office where a closed day (day of the week) is set.
　Ｎｏ．６の電力需要パターンは、１日の中で電力需要の変動が所定範囲内に収まる電力需要パターンである。このような電力需要パターンでは、電力需要のピークを特定することが困難であるため、ピークカット制御及びピークカット制御に備えた蓄電池装置の充電動作を要さない通常制御が行われる。 No. The power demand pattern 6 is a power demand pattern in which fluctuations in power demand fall within a predetermined range during the day. In such a power demand pattern, since it is difficult to specify the peak of power demand, normal control that does not require charging operation of the storage battery device provided for peak cut control and peak cut control is performed.
　Ｎｏ．６の電力需要パターンは、コンビニエンスストアや２４時間営業の飲食店等で見られるパターンである。 No. The power demand pattern No. 6 is a pattern seen in convenience stores, restaurants open 24 hours, and the like.
　このように、２以上の電力需要パターンは、少なくとも、ピークカット制御を要さない特定電力需要パターンを含む。特定電力需要パターンは、Ｎｏ．５の第２電力需要パターン、Ｎｏ．６の電力需要パターンである。 Thus, the two or more power demand patterns include at least a specific power demand pattern that does not require peak cut control. The specific power demand pattern is No. No. 5 second power demand pattern, No. 5; 6 is a power demand pattern.
　このような背景において、制御部３６３は、制御対象の施設３００の電力需要を取得するとともに、取得された電力需要のパターンがＮｏ．１～Ｎｏ．６のいずれに該当するか特定する。続いて、制御部３６３は、特定された電力需要のパターンに従って、蓄電池装置の充電動作を制御する。但し、制御部３６３は、特定された電力需要のパターンが特定電力需要パターンである場合には、ピークカット制御及びピークカット制御に備えた蓄電池装置の充電動作を要さない通常制御を行う。通常制御は、太陽電池装置の出力電力や負荷３５０の消費電力の推移に応じて、施設３００が電力系統１１０から必要な電力を買電する制御を含んでもよい。 In such a background, the control unit 363 acquires the power demand of the facility 300 to be controlled, and the acquired power demand pattern is “No. 1-No. Specify which of 6 is applicable. Subsequently, the control unit 363 controls the charging operation of the storage battery device according to the specified power demand pattern. However, when the specified power demand pattern is the specific power demand pattern, the control unit 363 performs normal control that does not require the peak cut control and the charging operation of the storage battery device in preparation for the peak cut control. The normal control may include control in which the facility 300 purchases necessary power from the power system 110 in accordance with the transition of the output power of the solar cell device and the power consumption of the load 350.
　（電源制御方法）
　以下において、実施形態に係る電源制御方法について説明する。 (Power control method)
Hereinafter, a power control method according to the embodiment will be described.
　図１０に示すように、ステップＳ１０において、ローカル制御装置３６０は、制御対象の施設３００について、変動係数が所定値よりも小さいか判定する。変動係数が所定値よりも小さい場合には、ステップＳ１２の処理が行われ、変動係数が所定値よりも小さくない場合には、ステップＳ１１の処理が行われる。 As shown in FIG. 10, in step S10, the local control device 360 determines whether or not the coefficient of variation is smaller than a predetermined value for the facility 300 to be controlled. When the variation coefficient is smaller than the predetermined value, the process of step S12 is performed, and when the variation coefficient is not smaller than the predetermined value, the process of step S11 is performed.
　ここで、変動係数は、例えば、所定期間（例えば、１日）における電力需要のサンプル値に基づいて算出される。サンプル値は、例えば、所定時間（例えば、３０分）において電力系統１１０から施設３００に供給される電力の累積値（ｋＷｈ）である。従って、サンプル値の数は、所定期間を所定時間で除算した値である。変動係数は、例えば、サンプル値の標準偏差／サンプル値の平均値によって算出されてもよい。変動係数は、サンプル値の標準偏差であってもよい。変動係数が小さいほど、電力需要の変動が小さいことを意味する。例えば、変動係数と比較される所定値は０．１である。 Here, the coefficient of variation is calculated based on, for example, a sample value of power demand in a predetermined period (for example, one day). The sample value is, for example, a cumulative value (kWh) of power supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300 in a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes). Therefore, the number of sample values is a value obtained by dividing a predetermined period by a predetermined time. The variation coefficient may be calculated by, for example, standard deviation of sample values / average value of sample values. The variation coefficient may be a standard deviation of sample values. It means that the smaller the coefficient of variation, the smaller the fluctuation in power demand. For example, the predetermined value compared with the coefficient of variation is 0.1.
　変動係数が所定値よりも小さい電力需要パターンは、上述したＮｏ．６の電力需要パターンに該当する可能性が高い。すなわち、ステップＳ１０の処理は、制御対象の施設３００の電力需要パターンが特定電力需要パターンに該当するか否かを判定するための処理である。 The power demand pattern with a coefficient of variation smaller than a predetermined value is the above-mentioned No. There is a high possibility that the power demand pattern 6 is met. That is, the process of step S10 is a process for determining whether the power demand pattern of the facility 300 to be controlled corresponds to the specific power demand pattern.
　ステップＳ１１において、ローカル制御装置３６０は、ピーク値が所定値よりも小さいか判定する。ピーク値が所定値よりも小さい場合には、ステップＳ１２の処理が行われ、ピーク値が所定値よりも小さくない場合には、ステップＳ１３の処理が行われる。 In step S11, the local control device 360 determines whether the peak value is smaller than a predetermined value. When the peak value is smaller than the predetermined value, the process of step S12 is performed, and when the peak value is not smaller than the predetermined value, the process of step S13 is performed.
　ここで、ピーク値は、所定期間（例えば、１日）におけるデマンド値の最大値である。ピーク値と比較される所定値は、例えば、契約によって定められる電量需要の最大値の９０％の値である。 Here, the peak value is the maximum value of the demand value in a predetermined period (for example, one day). The predetermined value compared with the peak value is, for example, 90% of the maximum value of the electricity demand determined by the contract.
　ピーク値が所定値よりも小さい電力需要パターンは、上述したＮｏ．５の電力需要パターンのうち、第２季節（又は第２曜日）における第２電力需要パターンに該当する可能性が高い。すなわち、ステップＳ１１の処理は、制御対象の施設３００の電力需要パターンが特定電力需要パターンに該当するか否かを判定するための処理である。 The power demand pattern where the peak value is smaller than the predetermined value is the No. mentioned above. Among the five power demand patterns, there is a high possibility of corresponding to the second power demand pattern in the second season (or the second day of the week). That is, the process of step S11 is a process for determining whether or not the power demand pattern of the facility 300 to be controlled corresponds to the specific power demand pattern.
　ステップＳ１２において、ローカル制御装置３６０は、ピークカット制御及びピークカット制御に備えた蓄電池装置の充電動作要さない通常制御を行う。ローカル制御装置３６０は、ピークカット制御以外の他の要因に基づいて蓄電池装置を制御してもよい。他の要因は、例えば、電力管理サーバ２００から受信する制御メッセージの受信であってもよく、ユーザによる操作の受付であってもよい。 In step S12, the local control device 360 performs normal control that does not require charging operation of the storage battery device provided for peak cut control and peak cut control. The local control device 360 may control the storage battery device based on a factor other than the peak cut control. Another factor may be, for example, reception of a control message received from the power management server 200 or reception of an operation by the user.
　ステップＳ１３において、ローカル制御装置３６０は、制御対象の施設３００の電力需要パターンがＮｏ．１～Ｎｏ．４の電力需要パターンのいずれに該当するかを特定する。 In step S13, the local control device 360 determines that the power demand pattern of the facility 300 to be controlled is No. 1-No. The power demand pattern of 4 is identified.
　例えば、ローカル制御装置３６０は、以下の式に従って、Ｎｏ．１～Ｎｏ．４の電力需要パターンのそれぞれに対する制御対象の施設３００の電力需要パターンの相関係数Ｃを算出する。 For example, according to the following formula, the local control device 360 is No. 1-No. The correlation coefficient C of the power demand pattern of the facility 300 to be controlled with respect to each of the four power demand patterns is calculated.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000001
　ローカル制御装置３６０は、Ｎｏ．１～Ｎｏ．４の電力需要パターンの中から、相関係数Ｃが最も大きい電力需要パターンを、制御対象の施設３００の電力需要パターンとして特定する。 The local control device 360 is No. 1-No. Among the four power demand patterns, the power demand pattern having the largest correlation coefficient C is specified as the power demand pattern of the facility 300 to be controlled.
　ステップＳ１４において、ローカル制御装置３６０は、ステップＳ１３で特定された電力需要パターンに従って、ピークカット制御及びピークカット制御に備えた蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う。 In step S14, the local control device 360 performs the peak cut control and the charging operation of the storage battery device prepared for the peak cut control according to the power demand pattern specified in step S13.
　（作用及び効果）
　実施形態では、ローカル制御装置３６０は、２以上の電力需要パターンのそれぞれについて、充電時間帯を示す情報及び充電使用電源を示す情報を管理する。ローカル制御装置３６０は、２以上の電力需要パターンの中から施設に対応する電力需要パターンを特定し、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される充電時間帯において、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される充電使用電源を用いて、蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う。このような構成によれば、２以上の電力需要パターンについて充電時間帯及び充電使用電源が予め管理されているため、太陽電池装置の出力電力や負荷３５０の消費電力の推移をリアルタイムに把握する等の複雑な制御を必要とせずに、比較的に簡易な方法によってピークカット制御に備えた蓄電池装置の充電動作を行うことができる。 (Function and effect)
In the embodiment, the local control device 360 manages information indicating a charging time zone and information indicating a charging power source for each of two or more power demand patterns. The local control device 360 identifies the power demand pattern corresponding to the facility from the two or more power demand patterns, and is managed for the identified power demand pattern in the charging time zone managed for the identified power demand pattern. The storage battery device is charged using the charging power source. According to such a configuration, since the charging time zone and the charging power source are managed in advance for two or more power demand patterns, the transition of the output power of the solar cell device and the power consumption of the load 350 is grasped in real time, etc. The charging operation of the storage battery device provided for the peak cut control can be performed by a relatively simple method without the need for complicated control.
　実施形態では、２以上の電力需要パターンは、少なくとも、ピークカット制御を要さない特定電力需要パターンを含む。このような構成によれば、太陽電池装置の出力電力や負荷３５０の消費電力の推移をリアルタイムに把握する等の複雑な制御を必要とせずに、比較的に簡易な方法によって不要なピークカット制御を要さない通常制御を行うことができる。 In the embodiment, the two or more power demand patterns include at least a specific power demand pattern that does not require peak cut control. According to such a configuration, unnecessary peak cut control is performed by a relatively simple method without requiring complicated control such as grasping the transition of the output power of the solar cell device and the power consumption of the load 350 in real time. It is possible to perform normal control that does not need to be performed.
　［その他の実施形態］
　本開示は上述した実施形態によって説明したが、この開示の一部をなす論述及び図面は、この発明を限定するものであると理解すべきではない。この開示から当業者には様々な代替実施形態、実施例及び運用技術が明らかとなろう。 [Other Embodiments]
Although the present disclosure has been described by the above-described embodiments, it should not be understood that the descriptions and drawings constituting a part of this disclosure limit the present invention. From this disclosure, various alternative embodiments, examples and operational techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
　実施形態では、第１分散電源として太陽電池装置を例示した。しかしながら、実施形態はこれに限定されるものではない。第１分散電源は、風力又は地熱などの自然エネルギーを利用する分散電源であってもよい。 In the embodiment, a solar cell device is exemplified as the first distributed power source. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. The first distributed power supply may be a distributed power supply that uses natural energy such as wind power or geothermal heat.
　実施形態では、第２分散電源として燃料電池装置を例示した。しかしながら、実施形態はこれに限定されるものではない。同様に、第３分散電源として蓄電池装置を例示した。しかしながら、実施形態はこれに限定されるものではない。第２分散電源及び第３分散電源は、第３分散電源のコスト優先度が第２分散電源のコスト優先度よりも相対的に低い関係を満たす分散電源であればよい。 In the embodiment, the fuel cell device is exemplified as the second distributed power source. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. Similarly, a storage battery device is illustrated as the third distributed power source. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. The second distributed power source and the third distributed power source may be any distributed power source that satisfies a relationship in which the cost priority of the third distributed power source is relatively lower than the cost priority of the second distributed power source.
　実施形態では、第１分散電源、第２分散電源及び第３分散電源は、コスト優先度の観点において種類が異なるものとした。しかしながら、実施形態はこれに限定されるものではない。例えば、各分散電源は、電池の種類が同じだった場合、分散電源の定格出力電力等のスペック、分散電源の保守情報、分散電源の制御履歴等の観点において種類が異なるようにしてもよい。この場合、電力コストは、それぞれの各分散電源で異なる。なお、分散電源の保守情報は、分散電源の総運転時間に関する情報、分散電源の寿命の情報、分散電源の劣化情報、分散電源の交換情報、分散電源の修理情報等を含んでもよい。また、分散電源の制御履歴は、分散電源の通常停止または異常停止に関する情報を含む分散電源の停止情報、分散電源の起動情報等を含んでもよい。なお、コスト優先度は、分散電源の保守情報、分散電源の制御履歴等の変化に応じて、変動するものであってもよい。 In the embodiment, the types of the first distributed power source, the second distributed power source, and the third distributed power source are different from the viewpoint of cost priority. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, when the types of batteries are the same, the types of the distributed power sources may be different in terms of specifications such as the rated output power of the distributed power source, the maintenance information of the distributed power source, and the control history of the distributed power source. In this case, the power cost is different for each distributed power source. The distributed power supply maintenance information may include information on the total operating time of the distributed power supply, distributed power life information, distributed power supply deterioration information, distributed power supply replacement information, distributed power supply repair information, and the like. The control history of the distributed power supply may include distributed power supply stop information including information related to the normal stop or abnormal stop of the distributed power supply, distributed power supply start information, and the like. Note that the cost priority may be changed in accordance with changes in the distributed power source maintenance information, the distributed power source control history, and the like.
　実施形態では、各分散電源に個別にＰＣＳが設けられる。しかしながら、実施形態はこれに限定されるものではない。２以上の分散電源に対して１つのＰＣＳが設けられてもよい。 In the embodiment, each distributed power source is provided with a PCS individually. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. One PCS may be provided for two or more distributed power sources.
　実施形態では特に触れていないが、施設３００に設けられるローカル制御装置３６０は、必ずしも施設３００内に設けられていなくてもよい。例えば、ローカル制御装置３６０の機能の一部は、インターネット上に設けられるクラウドサーバによって提供されてもよい。すなわち、ローカル制御装置３６０がクラウドサーバを含むと考えてもよい。 Although not specifically mentioned in the embodiment, the local control device 360 provided in the facility 300 may not necessarily be provided in the facility 300. For example, some of the functions of the local control device 360 may be provided by a cloud server provided on the Internet. That is, it may be considered that the local control device 360 includes a cloud server.
　実施形態では、各分散電源を制御する電源制御装置がローカル制御装置３６０（ＥＭＳ）であるケースを例示した。しかしながら、電源制御装置は、ＰＣＳ３３１～ＰＣＳ３３３であってもよい。このようなケースにおいて、ＰＣＳ３３１～ＰＣＳ３３３は相互に通信を行う機能を有してもよい。電源制御装置は、電力管理サーバ２００であってもよい。 In the embodiment, the case where the power supply control device that controls each distributed power supply is the local control device 360 (EMS) is exemplified. However, the power supply control device may be PCS331 to PCS333. In such a case, the PCS 331 to PCS 333 may have a function of communicating with each other. The power control device may be the power management server 200.
　実施形態では、第１プロトコルがＯｐｅｎ　ＡＤＲ２．０に準拠するプロトコルであり、第２プロトコルがＥＣＨＯＮＥＴ　Ｌｉｔｅに準拠するプロトコルであるケースについて例示した。しかしながら、実施形態はこれに限定されるものではない。第１プロトコルは、電力管理サーバ２００とローカル制御装置３６０との間の通信で用いるプロトコルとして規格化されたプロトコルであればよい。第２プロトコルは、施設３００で用いるプロトコルとして規格化されたプロトコルであればよい。 In the embodiment, the case where the first protocol is a protocol conforming to Open ADR2.0 and the second protocol is a protocol conforming to ECHONET Lite is illustrated. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. The first protocol may be a protocol standardized as a protocol used for communication between the power management server 200 and the local control device 360. The second protocol may be a protocol standardized as a protocol used in the facility 300.
　実施形態では特に触れていないが、電力系統１１０から施設３００に供給される電力の基本料金は、基本料算出期間（例えば、１年）におけるデマンド値の最大値に基づいて定められてもよい。デマンド値の最大値は、上述した契約によって定められる電量需要の最大値と同義であってもよい。 Although not specifically mentioned in the embodiment, the basic charge of power supplied from the power system 110 to the facility 300 may be determined based on the maximum value of the demand value in the basic charge calculation period (for example, one year). The maximum value of the demand value may be synonymous with the maximum value of the electricity demand determined by the contract described above.
　なお、日本国特許出願第２０１７－０１２８４８号（２０１７年１月２７日出願）の全内容が、参照により、本願に組み込まれている。 Note that the entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-012848 (filed on Jan. 27, 2017) are incorporated herein by reference.

Claims (10)

  1. 　第１分散電源、前記第１分散電源と種類が異なる第２分散電源及び蓄電池装置を有する施設で用いる電源制御方法であって、
    　２以上の電力需要パターンのそれぞれについて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う時間帯として適切な時間帯を示す情報及び前記蓄電池装置の充電動作に用いる電源として適切な電源を示す情報を管理するステップＡと、
    　前記２以上の電力需要パターンの中から前記施設に対応する電力需要パターンを特定し、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な時間帯において、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な電源を用いて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行うステップＢとを含む、電源制御方法。     A power source control method used in a facility having a first distributed power source, a second distributed power source and a storage battery device different from the first distributed power source,
    Step A for managing information indicating an appropriate time zone as a time zone for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device and information indicating an appropriate power source as a power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device for each of two or more power demand patterns When,
    The power demand pattern corresponding to the facility is specified from the two or more power demand patterns, and the specified power demand pattern is managed in the appropriate time zone managed for the specified power demand pattern. And a step B of performing a charging operation of the storage battery device using an appropriate power source.
  2. 　前記２以上の電力需要パターンは、電力系統から前記施設に供給される電力のピーク値を低減するピークカット制御を要さない特定電力需要パターンを含む、請求項１に記載の電源制御方法。 The power control method according to claim 1, wherein the two or more power demand patterns include a specific power demand pattern that does not require peak cut control for reducing a peak value of power supplied from the power system to the facility.
  3. 　前記特定電力需要パターンは、１日の中で電力需要の変動が所定範囲内に収まる電力需要パターンである、請求項２に記載の電源制御方法。 The power supply control method according to claim 2, wherein the specific power demand pattern is a power demand pattern in which fluctuations in power demand are within a predetermined range during a day.
  4. 　前記２以上の電力需要パターンは、電力需要のピークが存在する時間帯が季節毎に異なる電力需要パターンを含む、請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかに記載の電源制御方法。 The power control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the two or more power demand patterns include a power demand pattern in which a time zone in which a peak of power demand exists differs for each season.
  5. 　前記２以上の電力需要パターンは、電力需要のピークが存在する時間帯が曜日毎に異なる電力需要パターンを含む、請求項１乃至請求項４のいずれかに記載の電源制御方法。 The power control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the two or more power demand patterns include a power demand pattern in which a time zone in which a peak of power demand exists differs for each day of the week.
  6. 　前記電力需要のピークが存在する時間帯が季節毎に異なる電力需要パターンは、電力系統から前記施設に供給される電力のピーク値が第１ピーク値である第１季節に適用する第１電力需要パターンと、前記ピーク値が前記第１ピーク値よりも小さい第２ピーク値である第２季節に適用する第２電力需要パターンとを含み、
    　前記特定電力需要パターンは、前記第２電力需要パターンである、請求項４に記載の電源制御方法。     The power demand pattern in which the time zone in which the peak of power demand exists differs from season to season is the first power demand applied to the first season in which the peak value of power supplied from the power system to the facility is the first peak value. A pattern and a second power demand pattern applied to a second season in which the peak value is a second peak value smaller than the first peak value;
    The power supply control method according to claim 4, wherein the specific power demand pattern is the second power demand pattern.
  7. 　前記電力需要のピークが存在する時間帯が曜日毎に異なる電力需要パターンは、電力系統から前記施設に供給される電力のピーク値が第１ピーク値である第１曜日に適用する第１電力需要パターンと、前記ピーク値が前記第１ピーク値よりも小さい第２ピーク値である第２曜日に適用する第２電力需要パターンとを含み、
    　前記特定電力需要パターンは、前記第２電力需要パターンである、請求項５に記載の電源制御方法。     The power demand pattern in which the time zone in which the peak of power demand exists differs for each day of the week is the first power demand applied to the first day of the week when the peak value of power supplied from the power system to the facility is the first peak value. A pattern and a second power demand pattern to be applied on the second day of the week when the peak value is a second peak value smaller than the first peak value;
    The power supply control method according to claim 5, wherein the specific power demand pattern is the second power demand pattern.
  8. 　　前記第１分散電源は、コスト優先度として第１優先度を有し、前記第２分散電源は、前記コスト優先度として前記第１優先度よりも低い第２優先度を有し、前記蓄電池装置は、前記コスト優先度として前記第２優先度よりも低い第３優先度を有する、請求項１に記載の電源制御方法。 The first distributed power source has a first priority as a cost priority, the second distributed power source has a second priority lower than the first priority as the cost priority, and the storage battery device The power control method according to claim 1, wherein the cost priority has a third priority lower than the second priority.
  9. 　第１分散電源、前記第１分散電源と種類が異なる第２分散電源及び蓄電池装置を有する施設で用いる電源制御装置であって、
    　２以上の電力需要パターンのそれぞれについて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う時間帯として適切な時間帯を示す情報及び前記蓄電池装置の充電動作に用いる電源として適切な電源を示す情報を管理する管理部と、
    　前記２以上の電力需要パターンの中から前記施設に対応する電力需要パターンを特定し、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な時間帯において、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な電源を用いて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う制御部とを備える、電源制御装置。     A power supply control device used in a facility having a first distributed power supply, a second distributed power supply and a storage battery device different in type from the first distributed power supply,
    A management unit that manages information indicating an appropriate time zone as a time zone for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device and information indicating an appropriate power source as a power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device for each of two or more power demand patterns When,
    The power demand pattern corresponding to the facility is specified from the two or more power demand patterns, and the specified power demand pattern is managed in the appropriate time zone managed for the specified power demand pattern. A power supply control device comprising: a control unit that performs a charging operation of the storage battery device using an appropriate power supply.
  10. 　第１分散電源と、
    　前記第１分散電源と種類が異なる第２分散電源と、
    　蓄電池装置と、
    　少なくとも前記蓄電池装置を制御する電源制御装置とを備え、
    　前記電源制御装置は、２以上の電力需要パターンのそれぞれについて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う時間帯として適切な時間帯を示す情報及び前記蓄電池装置の充電動作に用いる電源として適切な電源を示す情報を管理し、
    　前記電源制御装置は、前記２以上の電力需要パターンの中から施設に対応する電力需要パターンを特定し、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な時間帯において、特定された電力需要パターンについて管理される前記適切な電源を用いて、前記蓄電池装置の充電動作を行う、電源制御システム。     A first distributed power source;
    A second distributed power source of a different type from the first distributed power source;
    A storage battery device;
    A power control device for controlling at least the storage battery device,
    The power supply control device indicates information indicating an appropriate time zone as a time zone for performing the charging operation of the storage battery device and an appropriate power source as a power source used for the charging operation of the storage battery device for each of two or more power demand patterns. Manage information,
    The power control device identifies a power demand pattern corresponding to a facility from the two or more power demand patterns, and identifies the power demand pattern identified in the appropriate time zone managed for the identified power demand pattern A power supply control system that performs the charging operation of the storage battery device using the appropriate power source managed for the battery.
PCT/JP2018/002560 2017-01-27 2018-01-26 Power supply control method, power supply control device, and power supply control system WO2018139604A1 (en)

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