WO2018133564A1 - 一种扬声器直流电压检测电路 - Google Patents

一种扬声器直流电压检测电路 Download PDF

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WO2018133564A1
WO2018133564A1 PCT/CN2017/114584 CN2017114584W WO2018133564A1 WO 2018133564 A1 WO2018133564 A1 WO 2018133564A1 CN 2017114584 W CN2017114584 W CN 2017114584W WO 2018133564 A1 WO2018133564 A1 WO 2018133564A1
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output
speaker
voltage
amplifier
audio amplifier
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PCT/CN2017/114584
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English (en)
French (fr)
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林其亮
吴顺达
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深圳市中移联半导体科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018133564A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018133564A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2420/00—Details of connection covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2420/05—Detection of connection of loudspeakers or headphones to amplifiers

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  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic circuit technologies, and in particular, to a speaker DC voltage detecting circuit.
  • the speaker also known as the "horn" is a very common electro-acoustic transducing device.
  • the speaker converts electrical signals into sound waves and is widely used in various types of equipment.
  • the connection circuit of the speaker may be at risk of falling off, open circuit, or short circuit during use, which may cause malfunction of the speaker and affect the use. Therefore, the speaker circuit needs to be tested and protected.
  • the speaker is usually driven by a high-efficiency audio amplifier with a capacitor connected to the input of the audio amplifier. If the capacitance at the input of the audio amplifier is damaged, the voltage difference at the output will be too large to damage the speaker. At the same time, between the capacitances of the two inputs of the audio amplifier. The voltage difference is too large, or the DC component of the output voltage will also damage the speaker.
  • the prior art cannot detect the DC component of the audio amplifier.
  • the patent document with the publication number CN101975891A provides an external capacitance detecting method and detecting device.
  • the comparing unit determines the relative size of the external capacitor and the target value to detect whether the external capacitor is in a normal working state. But it must be taken when performing capacitance detection.
  • the two end points of a capacitor are connected to the inside of the chip for judgment. When there are two capacitors, four detection points must be connected. For the audio amplifier with few pins, the actual use is affected.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to design a speaker DC voltage detecting circuit, which can determine whether the output voltage of the amplifier has a DC component and whether the output signal is too large, thereby causing damage to the amplifier to protect the speaker and prevent the speaker from being burnt.
  • a speaker DC voltage detecting circuit wherein the speaker is driven by an audio amplifier, and two outputs of the audio amplifier output a first voltage and a second voltage to a speaker, the DC voltage detecting circuit comprising:
  • a reference signal generator for generating a reference signal
  • a first comparison circuit for receiving a first voltage of the audio amplifier output and the reference signal, and generating a first modulation signal
  • a second comparison circuit for receiving the second voltage of the audio amplifier output and the reference signal, and generating a second modulation signal
  • An OR gate having a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the first input terminal and the second input terminal are respectively connected to the output ends of the first comparison circuit and the second comparison circuit, Receiving the first modulated signal and the second modulated signal respectively and generating an output signal;
  • a counter having an input connected to an output of the OR gate, an output connected to the audio amplifier for counting an output signal of the OR gate to determine a detection result, and Locking off the audio amplifier when the detection result is abnormal.
  • the counter of the present invention is a counter having a locking function.
  • the audio amplifier of the present invention is an analog amplifier, and the audio amplifier is a class A amplifier, a class B amplifier, or a class AB amplifier.
  • the reference signal generator is a reference voltage generator for generating a reference voltage; the first comparison circuit and the second comparison circuit are a first comparator and a second comparator, respectively.
  • the audio amplifier of the present invention is a digital amplifier, and the audio amplifier is a class D amplifier.
  • the reference signal generator is a PWM signal generator for generating a PWM reference signal having a DC component; the first comparison circuit and the second comparison circuit are a first flip-flop and a second flip-flop, respectively.
  • the speaker DC voltage detecting circuit can determine whether the output voltage of the amplifier has a DC component and whether the output signal is too large to cause damage to the amplifier to protect the speaker and prevent the speaker from being burnt.
  • the DC detection of a capacitor requires only one end point for judgment.
  • the two capacitors only need two end points, which are convenient to use; and are mainly used for judging the DC signal, and it is not judged whether the capacitance value of the capacitor can determine whether there is a DC signal.
  • 1 is an application circuit diagram of a prior art audio amplifier
  • FIG. 2 is an application circuit diagram of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a result determination diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of PWM signal determination according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of a counter having a locking function of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Please refer to FIG. 1 for an application circuit diagram of a prior art audio amplifier.
  • the speaker is a passive component, and the audio amplifier must be used to drive the sound. If the differential output of the amplifier has a DC voltage, the speaker may be burnt. There are two reasons why the differential output of the amplifier has a DC voltage. One is that there is a problem with the input capacitor, and the other is that the amplifier circuit is abnormal, such as an excessive offset voltage or damage to the output stage circuit. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately judge the circuit failure and perform detection and protection work on the speaker circuit.
  • the present invention provides a speaker DC voltage detecting circuit.
  • the speaker is driven by an audio amplifier.
  • the two output ends of the audio amplifier output a first voltage and a second voltage to the speaker.
  • the DC detection circuit is placed at the differential output end of the audio amplifier for detecting whether the first voltage and the second voltage signal sent to the speaker contain a DC component in time, and determining whether the output signal is too large, and is mainly used to protect the speaker.
  • the DC voltage detecting circuit includes:
  • a reference signal generator for generating a reference signal
  • a first comparison circuit for receiving a first voltage of the audio amplifier output and the reference signal, and generating a first modulation signal
  • a second comparison circuit for receiving the second voltage of the audio amplifier output and the reference signal, and generating a second modulation signal
  • An OR gate having a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the first input terminal and the second input terminal are respectively connected to the output ends of the first comparison circuit and the second comparison circuit, Receiving the first modulated signal and the second modulated signal respectively and generating an output signal;
  • the counter has an input connected to the output of the OR gate, an output connected to the audio amplifier for counting an output signal of the OR gate to determine a detection result, and locking the audio off when the detection result is abnormal Amplifier.
  • the counter is a counter with a locking function.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the audio amplifier in this embodiment is an analog amplifier, such as a class A amplifier, a class B amplifier, or a class AB amplifier.
  • the reference signal generator is a reference voltage generator for generating a reference voltage; the first comparison circuit and the second comparison circuit are respectively a first comparator and a second Comparators.
  • two comparators are used to compare the first voltage OUTP, the second voltage OUTN, and the reference voltage Vref, respectively, when the first voltage OUTP or the second voltage
  • Vref reference voltage
  • the counter is started. Because the lowest frequency of the audio signal is 20Hz, the period is 50ms, and the half period is 25ms, so the counter time is at least 25ms to be a signal with DC component.
  • the counter time is set to 200 ms, that is, after 200 ms, if the OR gate output is still high, the counter output DCOFF turns to a high level, and the counter controls the lock amplifier to turn off the audio amplifier to avoid The speaker is damaged by prolonged exposure to DC voltage risk.
  • FIG. 4 is a result determination diagram of the first embodiment, specifically a voltage determination diagram of a normal audio signal and an abnormal audio signal. For example, when the first voltage OUTP continues to exceed the reference voltage Vref, the OR gate output RESET/ is maintained at High level, the counter will continue to count.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the audio amplifier in this embodiment is a digital amplifier, and the audio amplifier is a class D amplifier.
  • 5 is a circuit diagram of the second embodiment, the reference signal generator is a PWM signal generator for generating a PWM reference signal having a DC component; the first comparison circuit and the second comparison circuit are respectively A flip-flop and a second flip-flop.
  • a digital amplifier such as a class D amplifier, is used to output a first voltage OUTP and a second voltage OUTN as PWM signals.
  • the principle is that the input analog audio signal is modulated by a high frequency triangular wave signal to generate a PWM digital signal.
  • the advantage of a class amplifier is high efficiency (>80%).
  • FIG. 6 for the PWM signal determination diagram.
  • the duty of the PWM signal of the first voltage OUTP is 50%, and there is an input signal.
  • the limit is 100% and 0%.
  • the PWM signal generator generates a PWMref signal, and the PWMref signal represents a PWM reference signal carrying a DC component, such as 55% duty.
  • the duty of OUTP or OUTN exceeds 55%, the output of the flip-flop Q1 or Q2 will go high, and the OR gate output RESET will turn high to start the counter.
  • the count exceeds 200ms, if Q1 or Q2 continues to be high, it means that the DC signal is detected. At this time, the counter output DCOFF turns to high level, and the amplifier is locked to turn off the audio amplifier.
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a counter with a locking function.
  • the input clock signal can be provided according to a pulse signal of a basic requirement of the system, for example, 500 kHz. After the frequency converter 131072 is removed by the flip-flop, a time of 262 ms can be obtained. The counter time can be set according to the speaker conditions.
  • the DC detection circuit provided by the invention can detect the output voltage of the audio amplifier to determine whether there is no DC component in the output, and can also be used to determine whether the output signal is too large, which may cause damage to the speaker.
  • the DC detecting circuit of the present invention only needs one end point to judge a capacitor, and two capacitors only need two end points, and the invention is mainly used for judging a DC signal, and it is not determining the capacitance value of the capacitor to know whether there is a DC. signal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种扬声器直流电压检测电路，所述直流电压检测电路包括：一参考信号产生器，用以产生一参考信号；一第一比较电路，用以接收音频放大器输出端的第一电压和所述参考信号；一第二比较电路，用以接收音频放大器输出端的第二电压和所述参考信号；一或门，其第一输入端和第二输入端分别连接至所述第一比较电路和第二比较电路的输出端，分别接收所述第一调变信号和第二调变信号并产生输出信号；一计数器，其输入端连接所述或门的输出端，其输出端连接所述音频放大器，用以计数所述或门的输出信号以决定检测结果，并在检测结果异常时锁定关闭所述音频放大器。本发明提供的扬声器直流电压检测电路可判断放大器输出电压是否存在直流成分以及其输出信号是否过大而造成放大器损坏，以保护扬声器，防止扬声器烧毁。

Description

一种扬声器直流电压检测电路 技术领域
本发明涉及电子电路技术领域，特别涉及一种扬声器直流电压检测电路。
背景技术
扬声器又称“喇叭”，是一种十分常用的电声换能器件，扬声器将电信号转换成声波，被广泛应用在各类设备中。扬声器的连接电路在使用过程中会出现脱落、断路、短路的风险，从而造成扬声器故障，影响使用。因此需要对扬声器电路做好检测和保护工作。
扬声器通常由高效率的音频放大器驱动工作，音频放大器输入端连接有电容，如果音频放大器输入端的电容损坏，将造成输出端电压差过大从而损坏扬声器；同时，音频放大器两个输入端的电容之间的压差过大，或者输出电压存在直流成份也将损坏扬声器。
现有技术中，通常只能对电容的一端进行检测。输入端的外接电容也可能会有损坏的问题，但电容只有一端会接到音频放大器的输入端，所以无法完整的判断跨在电容两端上的电压，所以无法正确的判断电容好坏。同时，现有技术无法检测音频放大器的直流成份。例如，公开号为CN101975891A的专利文献提供了一种外接电容检测方法和检测装置，通过比较单元来判断外接电容与目标值的相对大小，以检测外接电容是否处於正常工作状态。但是其进行电容检测时必须把 一个电容的两个端点都接到芯片内部进行判断，当有两个电容时，就必须外接4个检测点，对引脚极少的音频放大器而言，影响实际使用。
发明内容
针对以上问题，本发明专利目的在于设计了一种扬声器直流电压检测电路，可判断放大器输出电压是否存在直流成分以及其输出信号是否过大而造成放大器损坏，以保护扬声器，防止扬声器烧毁。
本发明具体的技术方案如下：
一种扬声器直流电压检测电路，所述扬声器由音频放大器驱动工作，所述音频放大器的两输出端向扬声器输出第一电压与第二电压，所述直流电压检测电路包括：
一参考信号产生器，用以产生一参考信号；
一第一比较电路，用以接收所述音频放大器输出端的第一电压和所述参考信号，并产生第一调变信号；
一第二比较电路，用以接收所述音频放大器输出端的第二电压和所述参考信号，并产生第二调变信号；
一或门，其具有一第一输入端、一第二输入端和一输出端，其第一输入端和第二输入端分别连接至所述第一比较电路和第二比较电路的输出端，分别接收所述第一调变信号和第二调变信号并产生输出信号；
一计数器，其输入端连接所述或门的输出端，其输出端连接所述音频放大器，用以计数所述或门的输出信号以决定检测结果，并 在检测结果异常时锁定关闭所述音频放大器。
具体的，本发明所述计数器为具有锁定功能的计数器。
具体的，本发明所述音频放大器为模拟放大器，所述音频放大器为A类放大器、B类放大器或者AB类放大器。所述参考信号产生器为参考电压产生器，用以产生一参考电压；所述第一比较电路和第二比较电路分别为第一比较器和第二比较器。
具体的，本发明所述音频放大器为数字放大器，所述音频放大器为D类放大器。所述参考信号产生器为PWM信号产生器，用以产生一具有直流成分的PWM参考信号；所述第一比较电路和第二比较电路分别为第一正反器和第二正反器。
本发明提供的扬声器直流电压检测电路，与现有技术相比，可判断放大器输出电压是否存在直流成分以及其输出信号是否过大而造成放大器损坏，以保护扬声器，防止扬声器烧毁。并且其直流检测一个电容只需一个端点来做判断，两个电容只需两个端点，使用方便；且主要用来判断直流信号，并不是判断电容的容值大小就可判断是否有直流信号。
附图说明
以下参照附图对本发明实施例作进一步说明，其中：
图1是现有技术音频放大器的应用电路图；
图2是本发明的应用电路图；
图3是本发明实施例一的电路图；
图4是本发明实施例一的结果判定图；
图5是本发明实施例二的电路图；
图6是本发明实施例二的PWM信号判定示意图；
图7是本发明具有锁定功能的计数器的电路图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参阅图1为现有技术音频放大器的应用电路图，扬声器为一被动元件，必须靠音频放大器来推动产生声音，如果放大器差动输出有一直流电压存在，容易造成扬声器烧毁。放大器差动输出有直流电压存在的原因有两个，一是输入电容有问题，二是放大器电路异常，例如过大的偏移电压或输出级电路受损等。因此，需要准确判断电路故障，对扬声器电路做好检测和保护工作。
请参阅图2为本发明的应用电路图，本发明提出了一种扬声器直流电压检测电路，所述扬声器由音频放大器驱动工作，所述音频放大器的两输出端向扬声器输出第一电压与第二电压，一直流检测电路放置于音频放大器的差动输出端，用来及时检测送进扬声器的第一电压与第二电压信号是否含有直流成分，以及判断输出信号是否过大，主要用于保护扬声器。
具体的，所述直流电压检测电路包括：
一参考信号产生器，用以产生一参考信号；
一第一比较电路，用以接收所述音频放大器输出端的第一电压和所述参考信号，并产生第一调变信号；
一第二比较电路，用以接收所述音频放大器输出端的第二电压和所述参考信号，并产生第二调变信号；
一或门，其具有一第一输入端、一第二输入端和一输出端，其第一输入端和第二输入端分别连接至所述第一比较电路和第二比较电路的输出端，分别接收所述第一调变信号和第二调变信号并产生输出信号；
一计数器，其输入端连接所述或门的输出端，其输出端连接所述音频放大器，用以计数所述或门的输出信号以决定检测结果，并在检测结果异常时锁定关闭所述音频放大器。所述计数器为具有锁定功能的计数器。
针对不同类型的音频放大器，可以进行不同的直流检测电路。
实施例一：
具体的，本实施例所述音频放大器为模拟放大器，例如为A类放大器、B类放大器或者AB类放大器。请参阅图3为实施例一的电路图，所述参考信号产生器为参考电压产生器，用以产生一参考电压；所述第一比较电路和第二比较电路分别为第一比较器和第二比较器。
具体的，使用两个比较器来分别进行第一电压OUTP、第二电压OUTN与参考电压Vref的比较，当第一电压OUTP或第二电压 OUTN有一个超过参考电压Vref时，或门输出为高电平，则启动计数器。因为音频信号最低频率为20Hz，周期为50ms，半个周期为25ms，所以计数器时间至少要高于25ms才可算是有直流成分的信号。例如，本实施例设定计数器时间为200ms，也就是当200ms后，如果或门输出依然是高电平，则计数器输出DCOFF转为高电平，并且计数器控制锁定放大器，将音频放大器关闭，避免扬声器长时间暴露在直流电压风险中而损坏。
请参阅图4为本实施例一的结果判定图，具体为正常音频信号与异常音频信号的电压判断图，例如异常时第一电压OUTP持续超过参考电压Vref，则或门输出RESET/会维持在高电平，计数器会持续计数。
实施例二：
具体的，本实施例所述音频放大器为数字放大器，所述音频放大器为D类放大器。请参阅图5为本实施例二的电路图，所述参考信号产生器为PWM信号产生器，用以产生一具有直流成分的PWM参考信号；所述第一比较电路和第二比较电路分别为第一正反器和第二正反器。
本实施例采用数字放大器，如D类放大器，输出第一电压OUTP与第二电压OUTN是PWM的信号，原理是将输入模拟音频信号经过高频三角波信号调变后，产生PWM的数字信号，此类放大器的优点是高效率(＞80％)。请参阅图6为PWM信号判定示意图，当无输入信号时，第一电压OUTP的PWM信号的duty是50％，有输入信号 时，duty会比50％大或是小，极限则是100％与0％。
PWM信号产生器产生PWMref信号，PWMref信号代表的是一载有直流成分的PWM参考信号，如55％duty。当OUTP或OUTN其一的duty超过55％时，正反器输出Q1或Q2会转为高电平，且或门输出RESET/会转为高电平，来启动计数器。当计数超过200ms时，若Q1或Q2持续为高电平时，则表示侦测到直流信号，此时计数器输出DCOFF转为高电平，并且锁定放大器，将音频放大器关闭。
请参阅图7是具有锁定功能的计数器的电路图，输入clock信号可以根据系统基本需求的脉波信号来提供，例如可以是500kHz。经过正反器除频131072后，可以得到262ms的时间。可以根据扬声器条件来设定计数器的时间。
本发明提供的直流检测电路可以检测音频放大器输出电压，来判断是否有输出无直流成分，也可以用来判断输出信号是否过大，而可能造成扬声器的损坏。本发明的直流检测电路，检测一个电容只需一个端点来做判断，两个电容只需两个端点，且本发明主要用来判断直流信号，并不是判断电容的容值大小就知道是否有直流信号。
以上所述本发明的具体实施方式，并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何根据本发明的技术构思所做出的各种其他相应的改变与变形，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种扬声器直流电压检测电路，所述扬声器由音频放大器驱动工作，所述音频放大器的两输出端向扬声器输出第一电压与第二电压，其特征在于，所述直流电压检测电路包括：
    一参考信号产生器，用以产生一参考信号；
    一第一比较电路，用以接收所述音频放大器输出端的第一电压和所述参考信号，并产生第一调变信号；
    一第二比较电路，用以接收所述音频放大器输出端的第二电压和所述参考信号，并产生第二调变信号；
    一或门，其具有一第一输入端、一第二输入端和一输出端，其第一输入端和第二输入端分别连接至所述第一比较电路和第二比较电路的输出端，分别接收所述第一调变信号和第二调变信号并产生输出信号；
    一计数器，其输入端连接所述或门的输出端，其输出端连接所述音频放大器，用以计数所述或门的输出信号以决定检测结果，并在检测结果异常时锁定关闭所述音频放大器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器直流电压检测电路，其特征在于，所述计数器为具有锁定功能的计数器。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2任一项所述的扬声器直流电压检测电路，其特征在于，所述音频放大器为模拟放大器。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声器直流电压检测电路，其特征在于，所述音频放大器为A类放大器、B类放大器或者AB类放大器。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声器直流电压检测电路，其特征在于，所述参考信号产生器为参考电压产生器，用以产生一参考电压；所述第一比较电路和第二比较电路分别为第一比较器和第二比较器。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2任一项所述的扬声器直流电压检测电路，其特征在于，所述音频放大器为数字放大器。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器直流电压检测电路，其特征在于，所述音频放大器为D类放大器。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器直流电压检测电路，其特征在于，所述参考信号产生器为PWM信号产生器，用以产生一具有直流成分的PWM参考信号；所述第一比较电路和第二比较电路分别为第一正反器和第二正反器。
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