WO2018133363A1 - 用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构、光学系统及光学方法 - Google Patents

用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构、光学系统及光学方法 Download PDF

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WO2018133363A1
WO2018133363A1 PCT/CN2017/095151 CN2017095151W WO2018133363A1 WO 2018133363 A1 WO2018133363 A1 WO 2018133363A1 CN 2017095151 W CN2017095151 W CN 2017095151W WO 2018133363 A1 WO2018133363 A1 WO 2018133363A1
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laser
optical
light
optical structure
coupling lens
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PCT/CN2017/095151
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French (fr)
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程长河
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上海蔚来汽车有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/48—Laser speckle optics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/005—Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto
    • G03B21/008—Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto using micromirror devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2013—Plural light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a miniature laser projection display technology, in particular to an optical structure, an optical system and an optical method for eliminating laser projection speckle.
  • the miniature laser projection display technology mainly uses laser beams of laser beams of three primary colors of red, green and blue as light sources, so that the picture (ie, image) transmitted through the display terminal restores the color of the objective world as much as possible.
  • the laser beam can make the image of the display terminal have higher brightness and wider color gamut, but its speckle phenomenon not only affects the resolution of the image, but also makes the appearance of the image modulated by the granular structure of the speckle field, which seriously affects the image. The quality of the image must therefore be suppressed.
  • the monochromaticity and linear polarization of the laser beam are beneficial properties, that is, characteristics that should be preserved as much as possible in eliminating the laser beam speckle. Therefore, increasing the spatial difference becomes the main way to eliminate speckle in the micro laser projection display technology.
  • the scheme of eliminating speckle by increasing the spatial difference is mainly realized by arranging a vibration or a rotating scatterer or a diffractive optical element in the optical path, but the principle of eliminating speckle by this scheme is: scatterer Or the diffractive optical element expands the exit angle of the laser beam. As the exit angle increases, the values of the parameters of the beam energy, such as the brightness and contrast of the speckle, are reduced to a considerable extent, and the speckle received by the sensor The phenomenon will therefore be weakened.
  • the current scheme for eliminating speckle is accompanied by a decrease in the energy efficiency of the laser beam while eliminating speckle.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to effectively eliminate the speckle phenomenon existing in the micro laser projection display technology under the premise of ensuring the energy efficiency of the laser beam.
  • an optical structure for eliminating laser projection speckle comprises a laser light source, a light mixing rod, a digital micromirror device and a DMD array, wherein the laser beam emitted by the laser light source performs multiple total reflections in the light mixing rod, and multiple times total reflection forms an outgoing light incident loading
  • the digital micromirror device having digital holographic source information, the laser beam emerging from the digital micromirror device being reflected by the DMD array to the display terminal.
  • the optical structure further includes a first coupling lens, the first coupling lens being disposed on the laser light source and the light mixing Between the rods, the laser beam emitted by the laser source is concentrated by the first coupling lens and then incident on the light mixing rod.
  • the optical structure further includes a second coupling lens disposed on the light mixing rod and the number Between the micromirror devices, after the plurality of total reflections of the emitted light are concentrated by the second coupling lens, the emitted light of the light mixing rod is concentrated to be parallel to the axis of the light mixing rod. Beam.
  • the optical structure further includes a third coupling lens disposed on the digital micromirror device and the Between the DMD arrays, a beam parallel to the axis of the light mixing rod is expanded by the third coupling lens, and then incident on the display terminal through the DMD array.
  • the light mixing rod is further provided with a rotating mechanism capable of causing the light mixing rod to be in a rotatable manner In the optical structure.
  • the optical structure for eliminating laser projection speckle
  • the optical structure is a He-Ne laser.
  • an optical system for eliminating laser projection speckle includes three sets of the optical structures, wherein a first set of optical sources of the optical structure are capable of emitting red light, a second set of optical sources of the optical structure are capable of emitting green light, and a third set of the optical structures
  • the laser source is capable of emitting blue light, and the axes of the three light mixing rods of the optical structure are parallel to each other.
  • the red light has a wavelength of 632.8 nm
  • the green light has a wavelength of 532 nm
  • the blue light has a wavelength of 473 nm.
  • an optical method for eliminating laser projection speckle includes the method comprising the steps of:
  • the three sets of parallel first laser beams emitted by the red, green, and blue laser groups are respectively concentrated by the first coupling lens group to form three sets of second laser beams;
  • the three sets of the second laser beams are respectively incident on the three groups of light mixing rods, and are totally totally reflected in the corresponding light mixing rod group, and then emitted into three groups of third laser beams;
  • three sets of the fourth laser beam are respectively incident on three sets of digital micromirror devices loaded with digital holographic source information, and are emitted at any of the digital micromirror devices as a group parallel to the axis of the light mixing rod.
  • the set of fifth laser beams are expanded by a third coupling lens to obtain a sixth laser beam. After the sixth laser beam is reflected by the DMD array, a projection image is formed on the display terminal.
  • the optical structure is such that the light mixing rod is rotated around the axis in the first coupling lens and the Between the second coupling lenses.
  • the optical structure for eliminating laser projection speckle of the present invention can effectively eliminate the speckle existing in the micro laser projection display technology by introducing a multi-reflection in the light mixing rod on the basis of introducing a rotatable light mixing rod. phenomenon. Moreover, since the laser beam emitted from the light mixing rod is not shaped to expand after the shaping, the energy efficiency of the laser beam is maintained. In other words, the optical system of the present invention solves the contradiction between speckle elimination and energy efficiency that exist in conventional laser speckle reduction techniques. Moreover, the optical structure for eliminating laser projection speckle of the present invention does not need to introduce complicated optical devices, and therefore has the advantages of simple structure and easy implementation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an optical system for eliminating laser projection speckle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the energy of the laser beam itself cannot match the illumination source, and the principle of eliminating the speckle by the current laser speckle elimination technology "scatterer or diffractive optical element expands the exit angle of the laser beam, with The increase of the exit angle, the brightness and contrast of the speckle, and the value of the parameter reflecting the energy of the beam will be reduced to a considerable extent, and the speckle phenomenon received by the sensor will be weakened.
  • the defect of the reduction of the energy efficiency of the laser beam by introducing a rotating light-mixing rod, a total number of total reflections are performed inside the light-mixing rod, and the emitted laser light is shaped and projected. After the incident laser beam is expanded or concentrated by a plurality of lens groups, the display terminal is finally projected.
  • the optical system of the present invention is based on the principle of ensuring spatial differentiation of the laser beam. On the top, the speckle phenomenon of the laser beam is eliminated. On the other hand, since the exit angle of the laser beam projected onto the display terminal does not increase, the value of the parameter reflecting the energy of the light such as the brightness and contrast of the laser beam is not affected on the premise that the speckle is eliminated. In other words, the optical system of the present invention effectively solves the contradiction between the necessity of speckle elimination of the laser beam and the stability of energy efficiency in eliminating the speckle phenomenon in which the laser beam is present.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an optical system for eliminating laser projection speckle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • This optical system is mainly used to eliminate the speckle phenomenon existing in laser projection. And the energy efficiency of the laser beam can be maintained on the premise that the speckle phenomenon is eliminated.
  • the optical system mainly includes three sets of optical structures corresponding to three primary colors of (red, green, and blue).
  • first laser beams emitted by the (red, green, blue) trichromatic laser groups (L1, L2, L3) first pass through the lens groups (M1, M2, M3), respectively.
  • the first coupling lens forms three sets of second laser beams after converging the beams, and the three sets of second laser beams are respectively incident on the light mixing rod group (Lp1, Lp2, Lp3), and multiple total reflections are realized therein, thereby realizing The spatial differentiation of the second laser beam.
  • the set rotating mechanism can be arranged for the light mixing rod group (Lp1, Lp2, Lp3), and the rotating speed of the light mixing rod can be adjusted by the rotating mechanism to promote spatial difference of the laser beam, thereby further improving Displays the quality of the projected picture of the terminal.
  • the three sets of laser beams (third laser beams) emerging from the light mixing rods (Lp1, Lp2, Lp3) pass through the lens groups (M1', M2', M3'), (M1", M2", M3") and (E1, E2, E3) (second coupling lens), the three sets of third laser beams are concentrated multiple times, and finally three sets of parallel laser beams (fourth laser beams) are formed, so that three sets of fourth laser beams are formed.
  • DMD Digital Micromirror Device
  • D1, D2, D3 Digital Micromirror Device
  • the fifth laser beam emitted at D2 is expanded by a lens M4 (third coupling lens)
  • the diffraction square (the sixth laser beam) obtained by the expansion is reflected by the DMD array F1, and finally a projection picture (ie, an image) is formed on the display terminal S (such as a screen).
  • D1 is a mirror
  • D2 and D3 are both beam splitting prisms.
  • the first group of fourth laser beams emitted from the lens E1 are reflected by D1 and reach D2, and further reflected by D2 and then incident on M4.
  • the second set of fourth laser beams emerging from the lens E2 are transmitted through D2 and incident on M4.
  • the third group of fourth laser beams emerging from the lens E3 are transmitted through D3 and reach D2, further M4 is incident after transmission through D2.
  • the type and position of (D1, D2, D3) can be adjusted accordingly, as long as the parallel fifth laser beam incident to M4 can be formed after DMD (D1, D2, D3) processing. Just fine.
  • the laser speckle elimination mechanism is such that the speckle pattern of the laser beam is superimposed on the intensity when the intensity is superimposed, the peak is superimposed.
  • the rotation characteristics of the light mixing rod and the multiple total reflection of the laser beam in the light mixing rod can maximize the spatial difference of the emitted third laser beam.
  • the spatial difference of the beam causes a large number of independent laser speckle patterns to be generated in the emitted third laser beam, and the laser speckle can be eliminated by superimposing the intensity between the independent laser speckle patterns.
  • the value of the energy-related parameters such as the contrast and brightness of the laser beam is not affected, thus solving the contradiction between speckle elimination and energy efficiency of the laser beam. .
  • the spatial difference of the laser beam is further promoted, and the basis is further improved.
  • the quality of the projected picture is further improved.
  • L1 of the above three-color laser is a He-Ne red laser capable of emitting red light with a wavelength of 632.8 nm
  • L2 is a He-Ne green laser capable of emitting a wavelength of 532 nm
  • L3 It is capable of emitting a He-Ne blue laser with a wavelength of 473 nm.
  • the present invention also provides an optical method for eliminating spectroscopic projection of laser light, mainly by using the optical system of Embodiment 1 to eliminate the speckle phenomenon in which the laser beam is present.
  • the method mainly includes the following steps:
  • the three sets of parallel laser beams (first laser beams) emitted by the (red, green, blue) trichromatic laser groups (L1, L2, L3) are respectively concentrated by the lens group (M1, M2, M3) to form a beam.
  • the diffraction square is reflected by the DMD array F1, and a projection screen is formed on the display terminal S.
  • optical system for eliminating laser projection speckle and the method thereof are described above by taking a three-primary laser beam of a specific wavelength as an example, those skilled in the art can understand that the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the user can completely adjust the three primary color laser beams according to the needs and the actual application scenarios, accuracy requirements, etc., and can also adjust the lasers that emit the laser beams according to the actual situation.
  • Type and model such as replacing a He-Ne laser with a semiconductor laser.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构、光学系统和光学方法，旨在克服目前通过增加空间上的差异性来消除微型激光投影显示技术存在的散斑现象时存在能量效率降低的缺陷。其中的光学结构包括激光光源(L1、L2、L3)、混光棒(Lp1、Lp2、Lp3)、数字微镜器件(D1、D2、D3)和DMD阵列，激光光源(L1、L2、L3)发射的激光光束在混光棒(Lp1、Lp2、Lp3)内进行多次全反射，多次全反射形成的出射光入射加载有数字全息源信息的所述数字微镜器件(D1、D2、D3)，从数字微镜器件(D1、D2、D3)出射的激光光束经DMD阵列反射至显示终端。该光学结构在能够有效消除散斑现象的前提下，解决了目前激光散斑消除技术存在的散斑消除和能量效率之间的矛盾，且还具有结构简单、易于实现的优点。

Description

用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构、光学系统及光学方法 技术领域
本发明涉及微型激光投影显示技术，尤其涉及一种用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构、光学系统及光学方法。
背景技术
微型激光投影显示技术是主要是以红、绿、蓝三基色的激光光束的激光光束为光源，使在显示终端透射出的画面(即图像)尽可能真实地还原客观世界的色彩。激光光束可以使显示终端的图像亮度更高、色域更广，但是其存在的散斑现象不但影响图像的分辨率，而且使图像的外观被散斑场的颗粒状结构所调制，严重影响了图像的质量，因此必须加以抑制。
对于微型激光投影显示技术而言，激光光束的单色性和线偏振性都是有益的特性，也就是说，是在消除激光光束散斑的过程中应当尽量保留的特性。因此增加空间上的差异性成为微型激光投影显示技术中消除散斑的主要途径。目前通过增加空间上的差异性来消除散斑的方案主要是通过在光路中安排一块振动或者旋转的散射体或者衍射光学元件来实现的，但是由于这种方案消除散斑的原理是：散射体或者衍射光学元件使激光光束的出射角扩展，随着出射角的增大，散斑的亮度、对比度等反映光束能量的参数的值将随之发生相当程度的减小，传感器接收到的散斑现象才会因此减弱。
也就是说，目前消除散斑的方案在消除散斑的同时，会伴随着激光光束的能量效率的降低。
发明内容
技术问题
有鉴于此，本发明要解决的技术问题是，如何在保证激光光束的能量效率的前提下，有效地消除微型激光投影显示技术中存在的散斑现象。
解决方案
为了解决上述技术问题，根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构。该光学结构包括激光光源、混光棒、数字微镜器件和DMD阵列，所述激光光源发射的激光光束在所述混光棒内进行多次全反射，多次全反射形成的出射光入射加载有数字全息源信息的所述数字微镜器件，从所述数字微镜器件出射的激光光束经DMD阵列反射至显示终端。
对于上述用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光学结构还包括第一耦合透镜，所述第一耦合透镜设置于所述激光光源和所述混光棒之间，所述激光光源发射的激光光束经所述第一耦合透镜汇聚光束后入射所述混光棒。
对于上述用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光学结构还包括第二耦合透镜，所述第二耦合透镜设置于所述混光棒和所述数字微镜器件之间，所述多次全反射形成的出射光经所述第二耦合透镜进行多次汇聚光束后，将所述混光棒的出射光汇聚为与所述混光棒的轴线平行的光束。
对于上述用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光学结构还包括第三耦合透镜，所述第三耦合透镜设置于所述数字微镜器件和所述DMD阵列之间，与所述混光棒的轴线平行的光束经所述第三耦合透镜进行扩束之后，经所述DMD阵列反射入射所述显示终端。
对于上述用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述混光棒还配置有旋转机构，该旋转机构能够使所述混光棒以可旋转的方式处于所述光学结构中。
对于上述用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光学结构，所述激光光源为He-Ne激光器。
为了解决上述技术问题，根据本发明的另一个实施例，提供了一种用于消除激光投影散斑的光学系统。该光学系统包括三组所述光学结构，其中，第一组所述光学结构的激光光源能够发射红光，第二组所述光学结构的激光光源能够发射绿光，第三组所述光学结构的激光光源能够发射蓝光，并且，三组所述光学结构的混光棒的轴线相互平行。
对于上述用于消除激光投影散斑的光学系统，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述红光的波长为632.8nm，所述绿光的波长为532nm，所述蓝光的波长为473nm。
为了解决上述技术问题，根据本发明的第三个实施例，提供了一种用于消除激光投影散斑的光学方法。该光学方法包括该方法包括以下步骤：
S10、使红、绿、蓝三色激光器组发射的三组平行的第一激光光束分别通过第一耦合透镜组汇聚光束后形成三组第二激光光束；
S20、三组所述第二激光光束分别入射三组混光棒组，并在相应的混光棒组内多次全反射后，出射为三组第三激光光束；
S30、三组所述第三激光光束分别通过第二耦合透镜组进行多次汇聚光束处理之后，整形成与所述混光棒的轴线平行的三组第四激光光束；
S40、三组所述第四激光光束分别入射三组加载有数字全息源信息的数字微镜器件，在任意所述数字微镜器件处出射为与所述混光棒的轴线平行的一组第五激光光束；
S50、所述一组第五激光光束经第三耦合透镜扩束得到第六激光光束，该第六激光光束通过DMD阵列反射后，在显示终端上形成投影画面。
对于上述用于消除激光投影散斑的光学方法，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光学结构使所述混光棒以绕所述轴线旋转的方式处于所述第一耦合透镜和所述第二耦合透镜之间。
有益效果
本发明的用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构在引入可旋转的混光棒的基础上，通过在混光棒内进行多次全反射，能够有效地消除微型激光投影显示技术存在的散斑现象。并且，由于混光棒出射的激光光束经过整形后没有出射角的扩展，因此维持了激光光束的能量效率。换言之，本发明的光学系统解决了常规激光散斑消除技术中存在的散斑消除和能量效率之间的矛盾。并且，本发明的用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构无需引入复杂的光学装置，因此还具有结构简单、易于实现的优点。
根据下面参考附图对示例性实施例的详细说明，本发明的其它特征及方面将变得清楚。
附图说明
包含在说明书中并且构成说明书的一部分的附图与说明书一起示出了本发明的示例性实施例、特征和方面，并且用于解释本发明的原理。
图1示出本发明的一个实施例的用于消除激光投影散斑的光学系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将参考附图详细说明本发明的各种示例性实施例、特征和方面。附图中相同的附图标记表示功能相同或相似的元件。尽管在附图中示出了实施例的各种方面，但是除非特别指出，不必按比例绘制附图。
在这里专用的词“示例性”意为“用作例子、实施例或说明性”。这里作为“示例性”所说明的任何实施例不必解释为优于或好于其它实施例。
另外，为了更好地说明本发明，在下文的具体实施方式中给出了众多的具体细节。本领域技术人员应当理解，没有某些具体细节，本发明同样可以实施。在一些实例中，对于本领域技术人员熟知的方法、手段、元件和电路未作详细描述，以便于凸显本发明的主旨。
实施例1
本发明在激光光束的能量本身就不能匹及照明灯源的前提下，出于对目前激光散斑消除技术消除散斑的原理“散射体或者衍射光学元件使激光光束的出射角扩展，随着出射角的增大，散斑的亮度、对比度等反映光束能量的参数的值将随之发生相当程度的减小，传感器接收到的散斑现象才会因此减弱”具有的“在消除散斑的同时，会伴随着激光光束的能量效率的降低”的缺陷的考虑，通过引入旋转的混光棒，在混光棒的内部进行多次全反射后，将出射的激光经过整形进行投影。经通过多个透镜组对入射的激光光束进行扩束或者汇聚光束之后，最后投射置显示终端。
与通过“在光路中安排一块振动或者旋转的散射体或者衍射光学元件”的方式消除散斑的现有方案相比，本发明的光学系统一方面在保证激光光束的空间差异化得以实现的基础上，消除了激光光束的散斑现象。另一方面由于投射至显示终端的激光光束的出射角并没有增大，因此在散斑得以消除的前提下，并不会影响激光光束的亮度、对比度等反映光的能量的参数的值。换言之，本发明的光学系统在消除激光光束存在的散斑现象的过程中，有效地解决了激光光束的散斑消除必要性和能量效率稳定性之间的矛盾。
图1示出本发明的一个实施例的用于消除激光投影散斑的光学系统的结构示意图。该光学系统主要用于消除激光投影中存在的散斑现象。且在散斑现象得以消除的前提下，能够维持激光光束的能量效率。该光学系统主要包括对应于(红、绿、蓝)三基色的三组光学结构。
如图1所示，(红、绿、蓝)三基色激光器组(L1、L2、L3)发射的三组平行的激光光束(第一激光光束)首先分别通过透镜组(M1、M2、M3)(第一耦合透镜)汇聚光束后形成三组第二激光光束，三组第二激光光束分别入射混光棒组(Lp1、Lp2、Lp3)，并在其内实现多次全反射，从而实现了第二激光光束的空间差异化。作为一种优选，可以为混光棒组(Lp1、Lp2、Lp3)配置设定的旋转机构，通过旋转机构来调整混光棒的旋转速度，以促进实现激光光束的空间差异性，从而进一步改善显示终端的投影画面的质量。从混光棒(Lp1、Lp2、Lp3)出射的三组激光光束(第三激光光束)分别依次经过透镜组(M1’、M2’、M3’)、(M1”、M2”、M3”)和(E1、E2、E3)(第二耦合透镜)，对三组第三激光光束进行多次汇聚光束，最终整形成三组平行的激光光束(第四激光光束)。使三组第四激光光束分别入射加载有数字全息源信息的DMD(Digital Micromirror Device，数字微镜器件)(D1、D2、D3)，将在D2处出射的第五激光光束经过透镜M4(第三耦合透镜)进行扩束处理，并将扩束得到的衍射广场(第六激光光束)通过DMD阵列F1反射，最终在显示终端S(如屏幕)上形成投影画面(即图像)。
在本实施例中，D1为反射镜，D2和D3均为分光棱镜。这样一来，从透镜E1出射的第一组第四激光光束经D1反射后到达D2，进一步经D2反射后入射M4。从透镜E2出射的第二组第四激光光束经D2透射后入射M4。从透镜E3出射的第三组第四激光光束经D3透射后到达D2，进一步 经D2透射后入射M4。当然，根据M4的位置，可以对(D1、D2、D3)的种类以及位置进行相应的调整，只要保证经DMD(D1、D2、D3)处理后能够形成入射至M4的平行的第五激光光束即可。
由于激光散斑的消除机理为激光光束的散斑图样在进行强度叠加时，波峰正好与波谷进行叠加。这就要求散斑图样具有空间差异性。而本发明中，通过设置可旋转的混光棒，混光棒的旋转特性以及激光光束在混光棒内的多次全反射均可以使出射的第三激光光束最大可能地实现空间差异性。光束的空间差异性使得出射的第三激光光束中产生了大量相互独立的激光散斑图样，相互独立的激光散斑图样之间通过强度的叠加即可实现激光散斑的消除。在实现了激光散斑的消除的前提下，由于激光光束的对比度、亮度等与能量有关的参数的值并不会受到影响，因此解决了激光光束的散斑消除和和能量效率之间的矛盾。
进一步地，可以通过调节旋转机构的参数，如引入能够自动调节旋转机构的速度的调节装置，通过调节装置控制混光棒的旋转速度，进一步促进了激光光束的空间差异性的实现，在此基础上使投影画面的质量也得以进一步改善。
在一种可能的实施方式中，上述三色激光器中的L1为能发射波长为632.8nm的红光的He-Ne红光激光器，L2为能发射波长为532nm的He-Ne绿光激光器，L3为能发射波长为473nm的He-Ne蓝光激光器。
实施例2
本发明还提供了一种消除激光投影散斑的光学方法，主要通过采用实施例1中的光学系统来消除激光光束存在的散斑现象。该方法主要包括以下步骤：
S10、使(红、绿、蓝)三基色激光器组(L1、L2、L3)发射的三组平行的激光光束(第一激光光束)分别通过透镜组(M1、M2、M3)汇聚光束后形成三组第二激光光束。
S20、三组第二激光光束分别入射可旋转的混光棒组(Lp1、Lp2、Lp3)，并在混光棒组(Lp1、Lp2、Lp3)内实现多次全反射后，形成从混光棒(Lp1、Lp2、Lp3)出射的三组第三激光光束。由于混光棒及其旋转的特性，实现了激光光束的空间差异化。
S30、三组第三激光光束分别依次经过透镜组(M1’、M2’、M3’)、(M1”、M2”、M3”)和(E1、E2、E3)，分别依次对三组第三 激光光束进行三次汇聚光束处理后，最终整形成三组平行的第四激光光束。
S40、三组第四激光光束分别入射加载有数字全息源信息的DMD(D1、D2、D3)，并将在D2处出射的第五激光光束经过透镜M4进行扩束处理，得到衍射广场(第六激光光束)。
S50、衍射广场通过DMD阵列F1反射后，在显示终端S上形成投影画面。
需要说明的是，尽管以特定波长的三基色激光光束作为示例介绍了用于消除激光投影散斑的光学系统及其方法如上，但本领域技术人员能够理解，本发明应不限于此。事实上，用户完全可根据需要以及实际应用场景、精度要求等情形，对三基色激光光束进行改进调整等形式的灵活设定等，也可以根据实际情使用情况，调整发射激光光束的各个激光器的种类和型号，如将He-Ne激光器替换为半导体激光器。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征做出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构，其特征在于，该光学结构包括激光光源、混光棒、数字微镜器件和DMD阵列，
    所述激光光源发射的激光光束在所述混光棒内进行多次全反射，
    多次全反射形成的出射光入射加载有数字全息源信息的所述数字微镜器件，
    从所述数字微镜器件出射的激光光束经DMD阵列反射至显示终端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构，其特征在于，所述光学结构还包括第一耦合透镜，所述第一耦合透镜设置于所述激光光源和所述混光棒之间，所述激光光源发射的激光光束经所述第一耦合透镜汇聚光束后入射所述混光棒。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构，其特征在于，所述光学结构还包括第二耦合透镜，所述第二耦合透镜设置于所述混光棒和所述数字微镜器件之间，所述多次全反射形成的出射光经所述第二耦合透镜进行多次汇聚光束后，将所述混光棒的出射光汇聚为与所述混光棒的轴线平行的光束。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构，其特征在于，所述光学结构还包括第三耦合透镜，所述第三耦合透镜设置于所述数字微镜器件和所述DMD阵列之间，与所述混光棒的轴线平行的光束经所述第三耦合透镜进行扩束之后，经所述DMD阵列反射入射所述显示终端。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构，其特征在于，所述混光棒还配置有旋转机构，该旋转机构能够使所述混光棒以可旋转的方式处于所述光学结构中。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构，其特征在于，所述激光光源为He-Ne激光器。
  7. 一种包含权利要求1至6中任一项所述的用于消除激光投影散斑的光学结构的光学系统，其特征在于，该光学系统包括三组所述光学结构，
    其中，第一组所述光学结构的激光光源能够发射红光，第二组所述光学结构的激光光源能够发射绿光，第三组所述光学结构的激光光源能够发射蓝光，
    并且，三组所述光学结构的混光棒的轴线相互平行。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述红光的波长为632.8nm，所述绿光的波长为532nm，所述蓝光的波长为473nm。
  9. 一种用于消除激光投影散斑的光学方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：
    S10、使红、绿、蓝三色激光器组发射的三组平行的第一激光光束分别通过第一耦合透镜组汇聚光束后形成三组第二激光光束；
    S20、三组所述第二激光光束分别入射三组混光棒组，并在相应的混光棒组内多次全反射后，出射为三组第三激光光束；
    S30、三组所述第三激光光束分别通过第二耦合透镜组进行多次汇聚光束处理之后，整形成与所述混光棒的轴线平行的三组第四激光光束；
    S40、三组所述第四激光光束分别入射三组加载有数字全息源信息的数字微镜器件，在任意所述数字微镜器件处出射为与所述混光棒的轴线平行的一组第五激光光束；
    S50、所述一组第五激光光束经第三耦合透镜扩束得到第六激光光束，该第六激光光束通过DMD阵列反射后，在显示终端上形成投影画面。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用于消除激光投影散斑的光学方法，其特征在于，
    使所述混光棒以绕所述轴线旋转的方式处于所述第一耦合透镜和所述第二耦合透镜之间。
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