WO2018133170A1 - 一种基于重力淋油分油方法及其分油装置 - Google Patents

一种基于重力淋油分油方法及其分油装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018133170A1
WO2018133170A1 PCT/CN2017/074963 CN2017074963W WO2018133170A1 WO 2018133170 A1 WO2018133170 A1 WO 2018133170A1 CN 2017074963 W CN2017074963 W CN 2017074963W WO 2018133170 A1 WO2018133170 A1 WO 2018133170A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
gravity
pressure relief
separation
separator
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PCT/CN2017/074963
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王伟
赵阳
肖玮
李雪
Original Assignee
广东合一新材料研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2018133170A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018133170A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
    • H05K7/20763—Liquid cooling without phase change
    • H05K7/20781—Liquid cooling without phase change within cabinets for removing heat from server blades
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20272—Accessories for moving fluid, for expanding fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid, for removing gas or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for distributing a cooling medium in a cooling system, in particular to a method based on gravity oil separation and oil separation device.
  • servers in the cabinet are usually stacked from top to bottom. If the liquid supply interface provides different degrees of pressure loss in the process of providing circulating liquid to each layer of the server, the heat dissipation effect of each layer server is seriously affected due to different liquid supply amounts, different heat dissipation temperatures, and different heat dissipation efficiencies.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a gravity-based oil separation method and an oil separation device thereof, which improve heat dissipation system performance (COP) and reduce overall data center PUE.
  • COP heat dissipation system performance
  • a gravity-based oil-separating oil-dispensing device includes an oil separator; the oil separator includes a casing, at least one oil-intake end, and a plurality of oil-dividing units; and the plurality of oil-dividing units are installed in the box In the body; the oil separation unit includes an oil separation and oil outlet; the cooling liquid oil enters the oil from the oil inlet end In the oil, from the oil-extracting end to the cooling branches.
  • the oil separation unit further includes a vent pipe, a fuel amount adjuster, and a split flow deflector; the oil quantity adjuster is opposite to the oil separation and output end, and the oil quantity adjuster controls The oil-distributing end of the oil-discharging end; the split-flow baffle partitions each of the oil-dividing units into independent units; and the vent pipe is in communication with the oil-extracting end.
  • the oil quantity adjuster comprises a cone, an elastic member and a pressing rod; the pressing rod is fixedly mounted on one side of the box body; and the cone is fixed to the lower end of the pressing rod; The cone is opposite to the oil-extracting end; the elastic member adjusts a distance between the cone and the oil-extracting end.
  • the oil separator further includes an oil inlet regulating valve; the oil inlet regulating valve is connected to the oil inlet end through a pipeline; the oil inlet regulating valve includes an oil inlet valve body, The connecting rod and the floating body; the floating body floats up, drives the connecting rod to move, and closes the oil inlet valve body.
  • the oil separator further includes a defoaming device; the defoaming device is installed adjacent to the oil separation unit.
  • the defoaming device is a wire mesh or a perforated plate.
  • the oil separator further includes a pressure relief pipe; the pressure relief pipe includes at least one pressure relief oil inlet, at least one pressure relief oil outlet, and a plurality of pressure relief holes; The port is connected to the inlet regulating valve; the plurality of pressure relief holes are located on the wall of the pressure relief pipe.
  • the oil separator further includes a respirator; the respirator is mounted on an upper cover of the casing; and the respirator is configured to communicate the air inside the oil separator with outside air.
  • a method based on gravity oil separation comprising the following steps:
  • Pressure relief adjustment buffering the pumped cooling liquid oil pressure through a plurality of pressure relief holes provided on the pressure relief pipe;
  • Bubble treatment separating the bubbles in the cooled liquid oil through the small holes in the bubble removing device
  • the oil separation process adjusts the distance between the cone and the oil-extracting end by adjusting the elastic member to match the difference in height between the oil-discharging end and the equipment to be cooled.
  • the cooled liquid oil is an insulating liquid oil, and includes at least one of natural mineral oil, silicone oil, vegetable oil, transformer oil, and heat transfer oil.
  • the invention provides a gravity-based oil separation device, comprising an oil separator; the oil separator comprises a box body, at least one oil inlet end, and a plurality of oil separation units; a plurality of oil separation units are installed in the casing; the oil separation unit includes an oil separation and oil discharge end; and a cooling liquid oil enters the oil separator from the oil separation oil inlet, from the The oil separation and oil outlet flows to the respective cooling branches.
  • the invention also relates to a gravity-based oil-separating method; on the one hand, the cooling oil is concentrated in the upper oil-separating tank, and the oil automatically flows along the oil passage due to the action of gravity, and no oil is required in the oil passage, thereby reducing the oil pump
  • the power consumption improve the cooling system performance (COP) and reduce the overall PUE of the data center; on the other hand, solve the height difference caused by the arrangement of the servers in the cabinet from top to bottom, resulting in inconsistent oil distribution of the gravity oil separation circuit
  • the problem is to use a fuel regulator in the oil separation unit to ensure consistent flow to each server.
  • the invention has the advantages of ingenious design, reasonable structure and innovative method, and breaks through the traditional large-scale server cooling mode, and has strong practicability and convenient promotion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cooling system based on a gravity cabinet
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic diagram of a cooling system based on a gravity cabinet
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a cloth liquid tank and a server cloth liquid
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the plane structure of the liquid tank
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a gravity oil-based oil inlet switch according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view of a gravity oil-based oil inlet switch of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic overall view of a gravity oil-based oil separation device of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a gravity oil-based oil separation device of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a plan view showing the internal structure of a gravity oil-based oil separation device of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram 2 of the internal structure of a gravity oil-based oil separation device of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of the oil separation unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the principle of the oil separator of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the pressure relief pipe of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of a server insertion box of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view of the interior of the server box of the present invention 1;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view of the interior of the server box of the present invention 2.
  • the reference numerals in the figure indicate: main oil tank 1, pump 2, radiator 3, oil separator 4, casing 41, oil inlet regulating valve 42, oil inlet valve body 421, connecting rod 422, floating body 423, oil inlet end 43 , oil separation unit 44, vent pipe 441, oil discharge port 442, oil amount regulator 443, flow deflector 444, bubble removal device 45, pressure relief pipe 46, pressure relief oil inlet 461, pressure relief oil Port 462, pressure relief hole 463, filter 5, oil inlet device 6, liquid distributor 7, oil return chamber 71, spray oil chamber 72, cloth liquid inlet port 73, oil return port 74, overflow hole 75, Spray hole 76, oil return device 8, oil inlet tank 9, server insert box 10, upper cover 101, fastener 102, seal 103, tank 104, adapter plate 105, coolant inlet pipe 106, closed flow passage 107, spray pressure chamber 108, spray hole 109, upper cover housing 110, jack 111, heat generating chip area 112; partition 113, box housing 114, mounting post 115, coolant outlet
  • a gravity-based oil separation device as shown in FIG. 7-10, includes an oil separator 4; the oil separator 4 includes a casing 41 and at least one oil inlet end. 43.
  • the oil end 43 enters the oil separator 4 and flows from the oil separation port 442 to the respective cooling branches.
  • the oil separation unit 44 further includes a vent pipe 441, a fuel amount adjuster 443, and a splitter baffle 444; the oil amount adjuster 443 is facing the said The oil discharge end 442, the oil quantity adjuster 443 controls the oil discharge end of the oil separation and output end 442; the split flow deflector 444 separates each of the oil separation units 44 into independent units.
  • a fuel amount regulator for each oil separation unit 44 443 can independently control the oil discharge pressure and the oil discharge amount of each oil separation unit 44; the vent pipe 441 is in communication with the oil separation and oil discharge end 442 for balancing the oil discharge pressure of the oil separation and oil discharge end 442.
  • the oil amount adjuster 443 comprises a cone, an elastic member and a pressing rod; the pressing rod is fixedly mounted on one side of the casing 41; the cone is fixed to the pressing rod The lower end; the cone is opposite to the oil separation end 442; the elastic member adjusts the distance between the cone and the oil separation end 442.
  • the height of the pressure bar will be adjusted so that the angle ⁇ between the oil discharge end 442 and the cone reaches a suitable angle, and the cooling liquid oil flows to the server along the space angle; as shown in FIG.
  • the whole oil separator 4 is installed on the upper part of the whole cooling device, and the cooling liquid oil in the oil separator 4 enters the server to be cooled under the action of gravity, according to the difference in height between the oil discharge end 442 and the server to be cooled,
  • the ⁇ is adjusted to ensure that the cooled liquid oil flowing out of the oil-separating and oil-receiving end 442 of each oil-dividing unit 44 flows at the same pressure and at the same pressure.
  • the oil separator 4 further includes an oil inlet regulating valve 42; the oil inlet regulating valve 42 is connected to the oil inlet and oil inlet end 43 through a pipeline;
  • the oil inlet regulating valve 42 includes an oil inlet valve body 421, a connecting rod 422, and a floating body 423.
  • the floating body 423 is floated to drive the connecting rod 422 to move, and the oil inlet valve body 421 is closed.
  • the oil separator 4 further includes a bubble removing device 45; the bubble removing device 45 is installed adjacent to the oil separating unit 44.
  • the debuffering device 45 is a wire mesh or a perforated plate. The air bubbles mixed in the pumped cooling liquid oil cannot enter the oil separation unit 44 under the barrier of the screen or the perforated plate, and the cooling liquid oil flowing out from the oil separation end 442 of each oil separation unit 44 is ensured to be pure.
  • the oil separator 4 further includes a pressure relief pipe 46; the pressure relief pipe 46 includes at least one pressure relief oil inlet 461, at least one pressure relief oil outlet 462, and a plurality of The pressure relief hole 463 is connected to the oil inlet regulating valve 42; the plurality of pressure relief holes 463 are located on the wall of the pressure relief pipe 46.
  • the plurality of pressure relief holes 463 provided on the pressure relief pipe 46 prevent the pumped cooling liquid oil from being overpressured, causing unnecessary impact on the oil separator 4 and other piping and components, and damaging the equipment.
  • the oil separator 4 further includes a respirator 47; the respirator 47 is mounted on the upper cover of the casing 41; the respirator 47 is used to communicate with the The internal air of the oil separator 4 and the outside air.
  • the design of the respirator prevents the formation of a closed high pressure in the oil separator, damaging the piping and other equipment.
  • a gravity spray system as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, includes a main oil tank 1, a pump 2, a radiator 3, The data center cabinet, the oil inlet device 6, the oil return device 8, and the cooling liquid oil; the main oil tank 1, the pump 2, the radiator 3, and the data center cabinet are connected to form a closed oil passage through the oil inlet device 6 and the oil return device 8
  • the pump 2 pumps the cooling liquid oil from the main oil tank 1, and exchanges heat through the radiator 3 through the pipeline into the oil separator 4 in the data center cabinet;
  • the oil separator 4 is located at an upper portion of the data center cabinet; the oil separator 4 is divided into oil, the liquid dispenser 7 is sprayed with liquid to cool the server; and the cooled liquid oil is cooled and processed.
  • the oil return device 8 is returned to the main tank 1 as described.
  • the gravity sprinkler system further includes a filter 5 and an auxiliary oil tank 13; the filter 5 is inserted into the closed oil passage; the oil inlet device 6 includes an oil inlet pipeline and a fuel inlet tank. 9.
  • the oil return device 8 includes a return oil tank and a return oil pipeline; the auxiliary oil tank 13 is connected to the main oil tank 1 through a return oil pipeline; the oil return port 74 of the liquid distributor 7 is The return tank is connected.
  • the position of the filter 5 is not limited, and it should be within the scope of the present invention to be
  • a data center cabinet as shown in FIG. 2, includes a cabinet body, an oil separator 4, and a plurality of liquid distributors 7.
  • the cabinet body includes a plurality of mounting brackets; the cabinet body is sequentially installed from high to low.
  • a server insertion box 10 a server is disposed in the server insertion box 10; a liquid distributor 7 is disposed above each of the server insertion boxes 10; and the oil separator 4 is installed in all of the Above the liquid reservoir 7; the oil separator 4 is connected to the liquid distributor 7 through the oil inlet device 6; the cooling liquid oil is distributed to the liquid distributor 7 through the oil separator 4
  • the liquid dispenser 7 sprays the cooled liquid oil to the server for cooling.
  • the cabinet body is made of a metal material; in particular, the flexible material can also be introduced into the manufacturing cabinet body.
  • the liquid distributor 7 includes a return oil chamber 71, a spray oil chamber 72, a cloth liquid inlet port 73, and a return oil port 74; the oil return chamber 71 is described.
  • the spray oil inlet 73 is located in the spray oil chamber 72; the bottom surface of the spray oil chamber 72 is provided with a spray hole 76;
  • the spray hole 76 faces the server;
  • the oil return chamber 71 receives the cooling liquid oil flowing through the server above the liquid dispenser 7;
  • the oil return port 74 is used to discharge the back Cooling liquid oil in the oil chamber 71.
  • the liquid dispenser 7 further includes an overflow hole 75; the overflow The hole 75 is disposed on the bottom surface of the spray oil chamber 72; the overflow hole 75 is higher than the bottom surface of the spray oil chamber 72; the oil return chamber 71 is at an angle to the horizontal plane.
  • the oil return port 74 faces the return tank of the oil return device 8, and the cooled liquid oil returning from the oil return port 74 flows into the main tank 1 through the return tank.
  • the liquid distributor 7 corresponding to each layer of the server is provided with a plurality of overflow holes 75, and the height of the overflow holes 75 is 5-20 mm higher than that of the oil splashing plate to ensure the oil level depth in the spray oil chamber 72.
  • the excess oil amount enters the server through the overflow hole 75; the overflow hole 75 is disposed at a relatively concentrated area of the heat-generating component to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the server.
  • the liquid dispenser 7 functions to process the cooling liquid oil after the oil is separated from the oil separator 4 according to the actual portion to be cooled, and generally manufacture the liquid distributor 7 separately from the server insert box 10.
  • the liquid reservoir 7 is mounted on the server box 10 as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and the server box 10 has an open structure.
  • the server casing 10 is embodied as a server box; from the manufacturing process, the liquid function or overflow of the liquid distributor 7 is performed.
  • the function is combined with the server box structure; the server box 10 includes an upper cover 101 and a box 104; the upper cover 101 is fixed to the box 104; the upper cover 101 includes a coolant inlet pipe 106.
  • At least one spray pressure chamber 108, at least one spray hole 109, and an upper cover housing 110 the case 104 includes a case body 114 and a coolant outlet pipe 116; the upper cover case 110
  • the spray pressure chamber 108 is disposed on the inner surface, the coolant inlet pipe 106 is connected to the spray pressure chamber 108, and each of the spray pressure chambers 108 is provided with the spray hole 109;
  • the shower hole 109 faces the server heat generating chip region 112.
  • the tank 104 is provided with a flow passage, the coolant outlet pipe 116 is in communication with the flow passage;
  • the server insertion box 10 further includes a sealing member 103 through which the upper cover 101 passes The case body 104 is sealed and mounted;
  • the inner surface of the case body 114 is further provided with a partition plate 113;
  • the flow path and the server heat-generating chip area 112 are located on the same side of the partition plate 113;
  • the server is divided into the heat generating chip area 112 and the non-main heat generating area by the partition 113, that is, the liquid flow path in the server box 10 is planned to further ensure the concentrated heat dissipation to the heat generating area and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.
  • an outer side of the case housing 114 may be provided with an adapter plate 105.
  • the adapter board 105 is provided with various sockets or interfaces for connecting the storage device with other servers.
  • the upper cover 101 further includes a closed flow path tube 107 through which the coolant inlet pipe 106 is connected to the shower pressure chamber 108.
  • the closed flow channel The use of the tube 107 ensures that the coolant inlet pipe 106 is better connected to the shower pressure chamber 108, and the spray pressure chamber 108 can be conveniently arranged on the inner surface of the upper cover housing 110. .
  • the server box 10 further includes a fastener 102.
  • the upper cover housing 110 is provided with a plurality of insertion holes 111 at the edge of the sealing member 103. There are a plurality of through holes corresponding to the insertion holes 111.
  • a plurality of mounting posts 115 are disposed at the edge of the case housing 114, and the mounting posts 115 are connected to the insertion holes 111 and the through holes.
  • the fastener 102 cooperates with the insertion hole 111, the through hole and the mounting post 115, and the upper cover 101, the sealing member 103 and the case 104 are fixedly connected by the fastener 102.
  • the fastener may be pin-connected or screwed to the mounting post 115, and a jack or a through hole at the edge of the upper cap housing and the seal member 103 does not affect the arrangement of key internal structures thereof, and It is also easy to disassemble and install.
  • the coolant inlet pipe 106 is horizontally disposed on one side of the upper casing 110, and the coolant outlet pipe 116 is horizontally disposed on one side of the casing casing 114, the coolant inlet A tube 106 is located above the coolant outlet tube 116.
  • the coolant outlet pipe 116 is located below the coolant inlet pipe 106, which facilitates the discharge of the coolant from the top to the bottom by gravity; the coolant inlet pipe 106 is located above the coolant outlet pipe 116.
  • the coolant enters the tank without being obstructed by gravity.
  • the coolant outlet pipe 116 is higher than the bottom of the tank casing 114.
  • the residual amount of the coolant can be used to partially soak and cool the server, but the residual amount of the coolant should not pass the upper surface of the server, and the spray effect is not affected.
  • the bottom surface of the inside of the box casing 114 forms an angle with the horizontal plane based on the principle of gravity.
  • the data center cabinet further includes an oil inlet switch valve 16; the oil inlet switch valve 16 is mounted to the server plug box 10 and the oil inlet device. 6 joint, the liquid distributor 7 is connected with the oil inlet device 6; the oil inlet switch valve 16 includes an opening and closing valve oil inlet 161, a valve core 162, a valve body 163, a switch 164, and a telescopic joint
  • the oil outlet 165 is connected to the oil inlet device 161; the switch 164 controls the valve core 162 and the telescopic oil outlet 165.
  • the oil inlet switch valve controls the opening and closing of the cooling liquid oil entering the liquid distributor 7, and at the same time realizes the extension and contraction of the expansion and contraction oil outlet 165; during operation, the oil inlet and outlet valve 16 is in an open state, and the switching valve core 162 is advanced.
  • the oil hole has a certain distance.
  • the telescopic oil outlet 165 is also in an extended state, and the cooling liquid oil flows into the liquid distributor 7 through the oil inlet 161 and the telescopic oil outlet 165; when the server needs to perform the dimension
  • the handle switch 164 is rotated to drive the switch valve core 162 to rotate and move toward the oil inlet 161 to close the oil inlet 161, and the telescopic oil inlet 165 is retracted to close the liquid flow space, thereby ensuring that the server is not taken out for maintenance. Liquid influence.
  • the oil quantity is adjusted, the stock of the cooling liquid oil in the oil separator 4 is controlled by the oil inlet regulating valve 42, the position of the connecting rod 422 is adjusted, and the oil inlet regulating valve is closed when the floating body 423 is lifted. Position of 42;
  • Pressure relief adjustment buffering the pumped cooling liquid oil pressure through a plurality of pressure relief holes 463 provided on the pressure relief pipe 46;
  • Bubble treatment separating the bubbles in the cooled liquid oil through the small holes in the bubble removing device 45;
  • the oil separation process adjusts the distance between the cone and the oil separation and oil discharge end 442 by adjusting the elastic member, and matches the difference in height between the oil separation and outlet end 442 and the equipment to be cooled.
  • the cooling liquid oil is an insulating liquid oil, including at least one of natural mineral oil, silicone oil, vegetable oil, transformer oil, and heat transfer oil;
  • the server insert box 10 has a cooling liquid oil therein;
  • the cooling liquid oil occupies 0%-50% of the space of the server box 10, in order to achieve better cooling effect, the liquid oil in the server box 10 is kept at a certain liquid level, and the liquid oil and the main heating element of the server are cooled. Fully contact and absorb heat, and collected through the return line, the cooled liquid oil flowing back from each layer of the server is returned to the main tank 1.
  • the invention provides a gravity-based oil-separating oil-dispensing device, comprising an oil separator; the oil separator comprises a box body, at least one oil-intake end, and a plurality of oil-separating units;
  • the oil separation unit includes an oil separation and oil discharge end; the cooling liquid oil enters the oil separator from the oil separation oil inlet end, and flows from the oil separation and oil outlet end to each Cool the branch.
  • the invention also relates to a gravity-based oil-separating method; on the one hand, the cooling oil is concentrated in the upper oil-separating tank, and the oil automatically flows along the oil passage due to the action of gravity, and no oil is required in the oil passage, thereby reducing the oil pump
  • the power consumption improve the cooling system performance (COP) and reduce the overall PUE of the data center; on the other hand, solve the height difference caused by the arrangement of the servers in the cabinet from top to bottom, resulting in inconsistent oil distribution of the gravity oil separation circuit
  • the problem is to use a fuel regulator in the oil separation unit to ensure consistent flow to each server. This hair
  • the Ming design is ingenious, the structure is reasonable, the method is innovative, and it breaks through the traditional large-scale server cooling method. At the same time, it is practical and easy to promote.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种基于重力淋油分油装置，包括分油器（4）；分油器（4）包括盒体（41）、至少一分油进油端（43）、若干分油单元（44）；一种基于重力淋油分油方法；一方面将冷却油集中于上置的分油箱内，油因重力的作用，自动顺着油道流动，油路中无需设置压力，降低了油泵的功耗，提高散热系统效能(COP)以及降低数据中心总体PUE；另一方面，解决机柜内服务器因由上而下依次排列带来的高度差，导致重力分油油路的油量分配不一致的问题，采用分油单元中的油量调节器，确保分配到每层服务器的流量一致。

Description

一种基于重力淋油分油方法及其分油装置 技术领域
本发明涉及冷却系统中冷却介质的分流方法，具体涉及一种基于重力淋油分油方法及其分油装置。
背景技术
数据中心内使用的各类服务器、刀片机等，受大数据业务及市场的带动，其功率大幅度提升，排布密度越来越高；相应的，高热流密度下的散热问题备受关注，也成为数据中心建设及其运维工作的重点和技术瓶颈；间接或直接液冷散热模式由于其综合换热效率高，被认为是数据中心散热的必然趋势；特别的，鉴于热源直接接触吸热、液冷综合换热系数高、传热热阻非常小的优点，直接液冷散热模式从理论上分析是最有效的散热方式。
现有技术不成熟，在工程化应用实践中，液冷的关键环节之一为供液系统，如何提高供液效率，同时降低供给循环系统的能耗，是解决工程应用的关键。一方面，散热系统要维持正常工作，供液系统需要配备液体泵提供泵功以及备压。散热系统中，泵结构及泵消耗将占据系统一大部分硬件配备和软件控制，如果能减少泵的用量，特别是高压泵的使用，将会大幅度提升此类散热系统的综合能效，同时降低工程成本和运维成本。如果此过程中泵的功率消耗过大，将增加散热系统的总功耗，从而降低散热系统效能(COP)以及数据中心总体PUE，降低节能环保效果。另一方面，机柜内的服务器通常从上至下层层累加摆放。如果供液接口为各层服务器提供循环液的过程中存在不同程度的压损，由于供液量不同、散热温度不同、散热效率不同，严重影响各层服务器的散热效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的以上问题，提供一种基于重力淋油分油方法及其分油装置，提高散热系统效能(COP)以及降低数据中心总体PUE。
为实现上述技术目的，达到上述技术效果，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种基于重力淋油分油装置，包括分油器；所述的分油器包括盒体、至少一分油进油端、若干分油单元；所述的若干分油单元安装于所述的盒体内；所述的分油单元包括分油出油端；冷却液态油从所述的分油进油端进入所述的分 油器内，从所述的分油出油端流向各冷却支路。
进一步的，所述的分油单元还包括通气管、油量调节器、分流导流板；所述的油量调节器正对所述的分油出油端，所述的油量调节器控制所述的分油出油端出油量；所述的分流导流板将各所述的分油单元分隔成独立单元；所述的通气管与所述的分油出油端连通。
进一步的，所述的油量调节器包括锥体、弹性件、压杆；所述的压杆固定安装于所述的盒体一侧；所述的锥体固定于所述的压杆下端；所述的锥体正对所述的分油出油端；所述的弹性件调节所述的锥体与所述的分油出油端之间距离。
进一步的，所述的分油器还包括进油调节阀；所述的进油调节阀通过管路与所述的分油进油端连接；所述的进油调节阀包括进油阀体、连杆、浮体；所述的浮体上浮，带动所述的连杆运动，关闭所述的进油阀体。
进一步的，所述的分油器还包括除气泡装置；所述的除气泡装置安装于邻近所述的分油单元处。
进一步的，所述的除气泡装置为一丝网或一多孔板。
进一步的，所述的分油器还包括泄压管；所述的泄压管包括至少一泄压进油口、至少一泄压出油口、若干泄压孔；所述的泄压进油口连接所述的进油调节阀；所述的若干泄压孔位于泄压管管壁上。
进一步的，所述的分油器还包括呼吸器；所述的呼吸器安装于所述的盒体的上盖；所述的呼吸器用于连通所述的分油器内部空气与外界空气。
一种基于重力淋油分油方法，包括以下步骤：
进油，将冷却液态油泵入分油器内；
油量调节，通过所述的进油调节阀控制分油器内的冷却液态油的存量，调节所述的连杆的位置，调整所述的浮体浮起时关闭进油调节阀的位置；
泄压调节，通过所述的泄压管上设置的若干泄压孔缓冲泵入的冷却液态油油压；
气泡处理，通过所述的除气泡装置上的小孔，将冷却液态油中的气泡隔离；
分油处理，通过调整弹性件调节所述的调节所述的锥体与所述的分油出油端之间距离，匹配分油出油端与待冷却设备间不同高度差。
进一步的，所述的冷却液态油为绝缘液态油，包括天然矿物油、硅油、植物油、变压油、导热油中的至少一种。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明提供一种基于重力淋油分油装置，包括分油器；所述的分油器包括盒体、至少一分油进油端、若干分油单元；所述的若干分油单元安装于所述的盒体内；所述的分油单元包括分油出油端；冷却液态油从所述的分油进油端进入所述的分油器内，从所述的分油出油端流向各冷却支路。本发明还涉及一种基于重力淋油分油方法；一方面将冷却油集中于上置的分油箱内，油因重力的作用，自动顺着油道流动，油路中无需设置压力，降低了油泵的功耗，提高散热系统效能(COP)以及降低数据中心总体PUE；另一方面，解决机柜内服务器因由上而下依次排列带来的高度差，导致重力分油油路的油量分配不一致的问题，采用分油单元中的油量调节器，确保分配到每层服务器的流量一致。本发明设计巧妙，结构合理，方法创新，突破传统的大型服务器冷却方式，同时实用性强，便于推广。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，以下以本发明的较佳实施例并配合附图详细说明如后。本发明的具体实施方式由以下实施例及其附图详细给出。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是一种基于重力机柜淋油散热系统示意图；
图2是另一种基于重力机柜淋油散热系统示意图；
图3是一种布液箱与服务器布液示意图；
图4是一种布液箱平面结构示意图；
图5是本发明的一种基于重力淋油的进油开关内部结构示意图；
图6是本发明的一种基于重力淋油的进油开关俯视图；
图7是本发明的一种基于重力淋油的分油装置整体示意图；
图8是本发明的一种基于重力淋油的分油装置内部结构示意图1；
图9是本发明的一种基于重力淋油的分油装置内部结构俯视图；
图10是本发明的一种基于重力淋油的分油装置内部结构示意图2；
图11是本发明的分油单元结构示意图；
图12是本发明的分油调节器原理示意图；
图13是本发明的泄压管结构示意图；
图14是本发明的服务器插箱结构示意图；
图15是本发明的服务器插箱内部示意图1；
图16是本发明的服务器插箱内部示意图2；
图中标号说明：主油箱1、泵2、散热器3、分油器4、盒体41、进油调节阀42、进油阀体421、连杆422、浮体423、分油进油端43、分油单元44、通气管441、分油出油端442、油量调节器443、分流导流板444、除气泡装置45、泄压管46、泄压进油口461、泄压出油口462、泄压孔463、过滤器5、进油装置6、布液器7、回油腔71、喷淋油腔72、布液进油口73、回油口74、溢流孔75、喷淋孔76、回油装置8、进油箱9、服务器插箱10、上盖101、紧固件102、密封件103、箱体104、转接板105、冷却液进口管106、封闭流道107、喷淋压力腔108、喷淋孔109、上盖壳体110、插孔111、发热芯片区域112；隔板113、箱体壳体114、安装柱115、冷却液出口管116、进油支管11、进油调节阀12、辅助油箱13、进油开关阀16、开关阀进油口161、阀芯162、阀体163、开关164、伸缩出油口165。
具体实施方式
下面将参考附图并结合实施例，来详细说明本发明。
参照图1-16所示，一种基于重力淋油分油装置，如图7-10所示，包括分油器4；所述的分油器4包括盒体41、至少一分油进油端43、若干分油单元44；所述的若干分油单元安装于所述的盒体41内；所述的分油单元44包括分油出油端442；冷却液态油从所述的分油进油端43进入所述的分油器4内，从所述的分油出油端442流向各冷却支路。
优选地，如图10-12所示，所述的分油单元44还包括通气管441、油量调节器443、分流导流板444；所述的油量调节器443正对所述的分油出油端442，所述的油量调节器443控制所述的分油出油端442出油量；所述的分流导流板444将各所述的分油单元44分隔成独立单元，使各分油单元44的油量调节器 443能独立控制各分油单元44的出油压力与出油量；所述的通气管441与所述的分油出油端442连通，用来平衡分油出油端442的出油压力。优选地，所述的油量调节器443包括锥体、弹性件、压杆；所述的压杆固定安装于所述的盒体41一侧；所述的锥体固定于所述的压杆下端；所述的锥体正对所述的分油出油端442；所述的弹性件调节所述的锥体与所述的分油出油端442之间距离。如图12所示，将调节压杆的高度，使分油出油端442与锥体的夹角α达到合适的角度，冷却液态油顺着这个空间角度口流至服务器；如图2所示，整个分油器4安装于整套冷却设备的上部，分油器4中的冷却液态油在重力作用下进入待冷却服务器中，根据分油出油端442与待冷却服务器的高度差的不同，调整α，保证各分油单元44的分油出油端442流出的冷却液态油以相同速度相同压力流动。
优选地，如图9所示，所述的分油器4还包括进油调节阀42；所述的进油调节阀42通过管路与所述的分油进油端43连接；所述的进油调节阀42包括进油阀体421、连杆422、浮体423；所述的浮体423上浮，带动所述的连杆422运动，关闭所述的进油阀体421。
优选地，如图8所示，所述的分油器4还包括除气泡装置45；所述的除气泡装置45安装于邻近所述的分油单元44处。优选地，所述的除气泡装置45为一丝网或一多孔板。泵入的冷却液态油中混有的气泡在丝网或多孔板的阻隔下，无法进入到分油单元44中，确保各分油单元44的分油出油端442流出的冷却液态油纯净。
优选地，如图13所示，所述的分油器4还包括泄压管46；所述的泄压管46包括至少一泄压进油口461、至少一泄压出油口462、若干泄压孔463；所述的泄压进油口461连接所述的进油调节阀42；所述的若干泄压孔463位于泄压管46管壁上。泄压管46的上设置的若干泄压孔463防止泵入的冷却液态油压力过高，对分油器4中以及其他管路及元器件形成不必要的冲击，损坏设备。
优选地，如图7所示，所述的分油器4还包括呼吸器47；所述的呼吸器47安装于所述的盒体41的上盖；所述的呼吸器47用于连通所述的分油器4内部空气与外界空气。呼吸器的设计防止分油器中形成密闭高压，损坏管路及其他设备。
一种重力喷淋系统，如图1、图2所示，包括主油箱1、泵2、散热器3、 数据中心柜、进油装置6、回油装置8、冷却液态油；所述的主油箱1、泵2、散热器3、数据中心柜通过进油装置6、回油装置8连接成闭合油路；所述的泵2将冷却液态油从所述的主油箱1泵出，经过所述的散热器3交换热量通过管路进入所述的数据中心柜中的分油器4中；所述的分油器4位于所述的数据中心柜上部；所述的分油器4分油，所述的布液器7布液喷淋冷却所述的服务器；冷却处理完成的冷却液态油经所述的回油装置8回流至所述的主油箱1中。
优选地，所述的重力喷淋系统还包括过滤器5、辅助油箱13；所述的过滤器5接入所述的闭合油路中；所述的进油装置6包括进油管路、进油箱9、进油支管11；所述的进油箱9上端连接所述的分油器4，下端连接所述的辅助油箱13；所述的进油箱9一侧连接所述的进油支管11；所述的进油支管11另一端连接所述的服务器插箱10或所述的布液器7；所述的进油箱9与所述的进油支管11的连接处还设有进油调节阀12；所述的回油装置8包括回油箱、回油管路；所述的辅助油箱13与所述的主油箱1通过回油管路连接；所述的布液器7的回油口74与所述的回油箱连通。如图1、图2所示，过滤器5的位置不受限制，置于泵2之前或泵2之后或置于散热器3之后，都应当在本发明的保护范围内。
一种数据中心机柜，如图2所示，包括机柜本体、分油器4、若干布液器7；所述的机柜本体包括若干安装架；所述的机柜本体由高至低依次安装有若干服务器插箱10；所述的服务器插箱10内安放有服务器；每一所述的服务器插箱10上方设有一所述的布液器7；所述的分油器4安装于所有所述的布液器7上方；所述的分油器4与所述的布液器7通过进油装置6连接；冷却液态油通过所述的分油器4分油流至所述的布液器7，所述的布液器7喷淋冷却液态油至服务器上冷却。一般的，为保证机柜整体结构强度，机柜本体由金属材料制成；特殊的，柔性材料也可引入制造机柜本体。
优选地，如图3、图4所示，所述的布液器7包括回油腔71、喷淋油腔72、布液进油口73、回油口74；所述的回油腔71位于所述的喷淋油腔72上方；所述的布液进油口73位于所述的喷淋油腔72内；所述的喷淋油腔72下底面设有喷淋孔76；所述的喷淋孔76正对所述的服务器；所述的回油腔71承接流经所述布液器7上方的服务器中的冷却液态油；所述的回油口74用于排出所述回油腔71中的冷却液态油。优选地，所述的布液器7还包括溢流孔75；所述的溢流 孔75设于所述的喷淋油腔72下底面；所述的溢流孔75高于所述的喷淋油腔72下底面；所述的回油腔71与水平面呈一夹角。如图2所示，回油口74正对回油装置8的回油箱，从回油口74回流的冷却液态油经过回油箱流入主油箱1中。每层服务器对应的布液器7设置有若干个溢流孔75，溢流孔75高度高于淋油板5-20mm，保证喷淋油腔72内油位深度。当进油量大于淋油量时(如检修单层服务器时)，多余的油量通过溢流孔75进入服务器；溢流孔75位置设置于发热元件相对集中的区域，提高服务器的散热效率。
应当理解，布液器7作用为将从分油器4中分油后的冷却液态油按照需冷却的实际部位在实际布液处理，一般的将布液器7与服务器插箱10分开制造，布液器7如图3、图4中结构安装于服务器插箱10上，服务器插箱10为敞开结构。
在另一实施例中，优选地，如图14-16所示，所述的服务器外壳10具体实施时为一服务器插箱；从制造工艺上，将布液器7的布液功能或溢流功能与服务器插箱结构进行结合；所述的服务器插箱10包括上盖101、箱体104；所述上盖101固定于所述箱体104上；所述上盖101包括冷却液进口管106、至少1个喷淋压力腔108、至少1个喷淋孔109、上盖壳体110，所述箱体104包括箱体壳体114、冷却液出口管116；所述上盖壳体110的内表面上设有所述喷淋压力腔108，所述冷却液进口管106连接所述喷淋压力腔108，各所述喷淋压力腔108上均设有所述喷淋孔109；所述喷淋孔109正对服务器发热芯片区域112。优选地，所述的箱体104内设有流道，所述冷却液出口管116与流道相通；服务器插箱10还包括密封件103，所述上盖101通过所述密封件103与所述箱体104密封安装；所述箱体壳体114的内表面上还设有隔板113；所述的流道与服务器发热芯片区域112位于所述的隔板113同侧；本实施例通过在服务器插箱10中用隔板113将服务器分为发热芯片区域112和非主要发热区域，即对服务器插箱10内液体流道进行了规划，进一步保证对发热区域集中散热，提高散热效率。优选地，如图14所示，所述箱体壳体114的外侧可设有转接板105。所述转接板105上设有各种插口或接口，用于连接存储设备与其他服务器。
优选地，如图15所示，所述上盖101还包括封闭流道管107，所述冷却液进口管106通过所述封闭流道管107连接所述喷淋压力腔108。所述封闭流道 管107的使用可保证所述冷却液进口管106与所述喷淋压力腔108更好地连接，能方便所述喷淋压力腔108在所述上盖壳体110的内表面上合理的布置。
优选地，如图14-16所示，所述服务器插箱10还包括紧固件102，所述上盖壳体110的边缘处设有若干插孔111，所述密封件103的边缘处设有若干通孔，所述通孔与所述插孔111相对应，所述箱体壳体114的边缘处设有若干安装柱115，所述安装柱115与所述插孔111、通孔相对应；所述紧固件102与所述插孔111、通孔、安装柱115相配合，所述上盖101、密封件103和箱体104通过所述紧固件102固定连接在一起。所述紧固件可与安装柱115销连接或者螺纹连接，在所述上盖壳体、所述密封件103的边缘处设有插孔或通孔不会影响其内部关键结构的布置，而且也方便拆卸和安装。优选的，所述冷却液进口管106水平设置于所述上盖壳体110的一侧，所述冷却液出口管116水平设置于所述箱体壳体114的一侧，所述冷却液进口管106位于所述冷却液出口管116的上方。所述冷却液出口管116位于所述冷却液进口管106的下方，有利于冷却液利用重力的作用从上往下排出；所述冷却液进口管106位于所述冷却液出口管116的上方，冷却液进入箱体不会受到重力的阻碍。优选的，为了保证所述箱体104的底部具有少量的冷却液残留量，所述冷却液出口管116高于所述箱体壳体114的底部。所述冷却液残留量可用于使服务器部分浸泡、冷却，但所述冷却液残留量不应没过服务器的上表面，不会影响喷淋效果。优选的，为了使冷却液顺畅、快速地从所述服务器插箱10中流出，基于重力的原理，所述箱体壳体114内侧的底面与水平面之间成一夹角。
优选地，如图5、图6所示，所述的数据中心机柜还包括进油开关阀16；所述的进油开关阀16安装于所述的服务器插箱10与所述的进油装置6连接处、所述的布液器7与所述的进油装置6连接处；所述的进油开关阀16包括开关阀进油口161、阀芯162、阀体163、开关164、伸缩出油口165；所述的关阀进油口161连接所述的进油装置6；所述的开关164控制所述的阀芯162、所述的伸缩出油口165。进油开关阀控制进布液器7的冷却液态油的开启与关闭，同时实现伸缩出油口165的伸出与收缩；工作时，进油开关阀16处于打开状态，开关阀芯162与进油孔有一定距离，此时伸缩出油口165也处于伸出状态，冷却液态油经进油口161与伸缩出油口165流入布液器7内；当服务器需要进行维 护检修时，旋转手柄开关164，带动开关阀芯162旋转并向进油口161方向移动，封闭进油口161，同时伸缩进油口165收回，封闭液体流动空间，确保服务器抽出维修时不受液体影响。
一种基于重力淋油分油方法，包括以下步骤：
进油，将冷却液态油泵入分油器4内；
油量调节，通过所述的进油调节阀42控制分油器4内的冷却液态油的存量，调节所述的连杆422的位置，调整所述的浮体423浮起时关闭进油调节阀42的位置；
泄压调节，通过所述的泄压管46上设置的若干泄压孔463缓冲泵入的冷却液态油油压；
气泡处理，通过所述的除气泡装置45上的小孔，将冷却液态油中的气泡隔离；
分油处理，通过调整弹性件调节所述的调节所述的锥体与所述的分油出油端442之间距离，匹配分油出油端442与待冷却设备间不同高度差。
优选地，所述的冷却液态油为绝缘液态油，包括天然矿物油、硅油、植物油、变压油、导热油中的至少一种；所述的服务器插箱10内存有冷却液态油；所述的冷却液态油占用所述服务器插箱10空间比例为0％-50％，为达到更好的冷却效果，服务器插箱10内冷却液态油保持一定液位高度，冷却液态油与服务器主要发热元件充分接触并吸收热量，经回油管路汇集，每层服务器流回的冷却液态油重新回流至主油箱1中。
本发明提供一种基于重力淋油分油装置，包括分油器；所述的分油器包括盒体、至少一分油进油端、若干分油单元；所述的若干分油单元安装于所述的盒体内；所述的分油单元包括分油出油端；冷却液态油从所述的分油进油端进入所述的分油器内，从所述的分油出油端流向各冷却支路。本发明还涉及一种基于重力淋油分油方法；一方面将冷却油集中于上置的分油箱内，油因重力的作用，自动顺着油道流动，油路中无需设置压力，降低了油泵的功耗，提高散热系统效能(COP)以及降低数据中心总体PUE；另一方面，解决机柜内服务器因由上而下依次排列带来的高度差，导致重力分油油路的油量分配不一致的问题，采用分油单元中的油量调节器，确保分配到每层服务器的流量一致。本发 明设计巧妙，结构合理，方法创新，突破传统的大型服务器冷却方式，同时实用性强，便于推广。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制；凡本行业的普通技术人员均可按说明书附图所示和以上所述而顺畅地实施本发明；但是,凡熟悉本专业的技术人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化，均为本发明的等效实施例；同时,凡依据本发明的实质技术对以上实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变等，均仍属于本发明的技术方案的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于重力淋油分油装置，包括分油器(4)，其特征在于：所述的分油器(4)包括盒体(41)、至少一分油进油端(43)、若干分油单元(44)；所述的若干分油单元安装于所述的盒体(41)内；所述的分油单元(44)包括分油出油端(442)；冷却液态油从所述的分油进油端(43)进入所述的分油器(4)内，从所述的分油出油端(442)流向各冷却支路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于重力淋油分油装置，其特征在于：所述的分油单元(44)还包括通气管(441)、油量调节器(443)、分流导流板(444)；所述的油量调节器(443)正对所述的分油出油端(442)，所述的油量调节器(443)控制所述的分油出油端(442)出油量；所述的分流导流板(444)将各所述的分油单元(44)分隔成独立单元；所述的通气管(441)与所述的分油出油端(442)连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于重力淋油分油装置，其特征在于：所述的油量调节器(443)包括锥体、弹性件、压杆；所述的压杆固定安装于所述的盒体(41)一侧；所述的锥体固定于所述的压杆下端；所述的锥体正对所述的分油出油端(442)；所述的弹性件调节所述的锥体与所述的分油出油端(442)之间距离。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3其中之一所述的一种基于重力淋油分油装置，其特征在于：所述的分油器(4)还包括进油调节阀(42)；所述的进油调节阀(42)通过管路与所述的分油进油端(43)连接；所述的进油调节阀(42)包括进油阀体(421)、连杆(422)、浮 体(423)；所述的浮体(423)上浮，带动所述的连杆(422)运动，关闭所述的进油阀体(421)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种基于重力淋油分油装置，其特征在于：所述的分油器(4)还包括除气泡装置(45)；所述的除气泡装置(45)安装于邻近所述的分油单元(44)处。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种基于重力淋油分油装置，其特征在于：所述的除气泡装置(45)为一丝网或一多孔板。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种基于重力淋油分油装置，其特征在于：所述的分油器(4)还包括泄压管(46)；所述的泄压管(46)包括至少一泄压进油口(461)、至少一泄压出油口(462)、若干泄压孔(463)；所述的泄压进油口(461)连接所述的进油调节阀(42)；所述的若干泄压孔(463)位于泄压管(46)管壁上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种基于重力淋油分油装置，其特征在于：所述的分油器(4)还包括呼吸器(47)；所述的呼吸器(47)安装于所述的盒体(41)的上盖；所述的呼吸器(47)用于连通所述的分油器(4)内部空气与外界空气。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8所述的一种基于重力淋油分油方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    进油，将冷却液态油泵入分油器(4)内；
    油量调节，通过所述的进油调节阀(42)控制分油器(4)内的冷却液态油的存量，调节所述的连杆(422)的位置，调整所述的浮体(423)浮起时关闭进油调节阀(42)的位置；
    泄压调节，通过所述的泄压管(46)上设置的若干泄压孔(463)缓冲泵入的冷却液态油油压；
    气泡处理，通过所述的除气泡装置(45)上的小孔，将冷却液态油中的气泡隔离；
    分油处理，通过调整弹性件调节所述的调节所述的锥体与所述的分油出油端(442)之间距离，匹配分油出油端(442)与待冷却设备间不同高度差。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种基于重力淋油分油方法，其特征在于：所述的冷却液态油为绝缘液态油，包括天然矿物油、硅油、植物油、变压油、导热油中的至少一种。
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