WO2018126787A1 - 一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法、装置及基站 - Google Patents

一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法、装置及基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018126787A1
WO2018126787A1 PCT/CN2017/110072 CN2017110072W WO2018126787A1 WO 2018126787 A1 WO2018126787 A1 WO 2018126787A1 CN 2017110072 W CN2017110072 W CN 2017110072W WO 2018126787 A1 WO2018126787 A1 WO 2018126787A1
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Prior art keywords
pilot
data
user equipment
user
user equipments
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PCT/CN2017/110072
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王三新
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深圳市金立通信设备有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/06—Authentication
    • H04W12/062—Pre-authentication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/06—Authentication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to an uplink unauthorized user activation detection method, apparatus, and base station.
  • Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcast.
  • a typical wireless communication system may employ multiple access techniques capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (eg, bandwidth, transmit power). Examples of such multiple access techniques include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, and single carrier frequency division. Address (SC-FDMA) system and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) system.
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • SC-FDMA Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
  • TD-SCDMA Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
  • LTE/LTE-A Long Term Evolution
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
  • LTE/LTE-A is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, reducing cost, improving service, utilizing new spectrum, and using OFDMA on the downlink (DL), on the uplink (UL) uses SC-FDMA and other open standards using Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna technology for better integration.
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • 5G is a multi-technology convergence communication that meets the needs of a wide range of data and connectivity services through technology changes and innovations.
  • 3GPP established the SI (study item) for the 5G new air interface research.
  • 3GPP mainly studies new air interface technologies from three aspects: Enhanced Mobile BroadBand (EMBB) and Ultra-reliable Low-latency Communications (URLLC). ) and big Massive Machine Type Communications (MMTC).
  • EMBB Enhanced Mobile BroadBand
  • URLLC Ultra-reliable Low-latency Communications
  • MMTC Massive Machine Type Communications
  • Upstream scheduling delay and Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) feedback delay also have delay effects.
  • HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest
  • the delay requirement is 0.5 ms, and the time domain scheduling granularity needs to be reduced, and the delay effect caused by the uplink scheduling delay and the Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) feedback delay is reduced.
  • 3GPP has conducted research on channel coding, multiple access, new air interface design, and multiple antennas.
  • URLLC and mMTC scenarios since there are many differences between services and traditional broadband data services, it is necessary to specifically research technologies suitable for the above scenarios.
  • GF Grant Free
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an uplink unauthorized user activation detection method, device and base station, so as to provide guarantee for the authorization-free performance.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an uplink unauthorized user activation detection method, including:
  • the steps of the user equipment are specifically:
  • determining the user equipment that is multiplexed in each resource group specifically includes:
  • the multiplexed user equipment is determined according to the number of resource blocks in each of the resource groups.
  • the receiving the pilot data in the extended pilot symbol of any subframe includes:
  • the pilot data is received at the frequency domain location.
  • the method further includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • Channel estimation and data equalization are performed on the determined at least one of the user equipments.
  • the method further includes:
  • Channel estimation is performed on the user equipment that transmits the pilot data according to pilot data in the regular pilot symbols.
  • At least one of the user equipments specifically includes:
  • the coarse channel estimation result of the user equipment specifically includes:
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an uplink unauthorized user activation detecting apparatus, including:
  • a determining unit configured to determine a user equipment multiplexed in each resource group, and allocate a pilot sequence to each of the user equipments, and have different cross-correlation between different pilot sequences
  • a receiving unit configured to receive pilot data in an extended pilot symbol of any subframe
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine, according to the pilot sequence of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group, pilot data in the extended pilot symbols, and a compression sensing algorithm, to determine at least one of transmitting the pilot data.
  • User equipment is further configured to determine, according to the pilot sequence of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group, pilot data in the extended pilot symbols, and a compression sensing algorithm, to determine at least one of transmitting the pilot data.
  • the determining unit is further configured to:
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to:
  • the multiplexed user equipment is determined according to the number of resource blocks in each of the resource groups.
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to:
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive the pilot data at the frequency domain location.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to:
  • the apparatus further includes:
  • a processing unit configured to perform channel estimation and data equalization on the determined at least one of the user equipments.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive pilot data of the other user equipment in a regular pilot symbol of the subframe;
  • the device also includes:
  • a processing unit configured to perform channel estimation on the user equipment that sends the pilot data according to pilot data in the regular pilot symbol.
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to:
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to:
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a base station, including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a bus; wherein the processor, the memory, and the communication interface are connected through the bus and complete each other
  • the memory stores executable program code; the processor runs a program corresponding to the executable program code by reading executable program code stored in the memory for performing an uplink exemption
  • the user activates the detection method; wherein the method is as described above.
  • the exempted activation detection problem is abstracted into a compressed sensing problem, and at least one of the transmitting pilot data is determined by the base station side through a compressed sensing algorithm.
  • the user equipment provides a basis for subsequent processing (such as channel estimation), thereby providing guarantee for unauthorized performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink unauthorized user detection activation method according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink unauthorized user detection activation method according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4 is a schematic diagram of pilot data transmission of three user equipments
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink unauthorized user detection activation method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • 7 is a schematic diagram of pilot data transmission of four user equipments
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink unauthorized user activation detecting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink unauthorized user activation detecting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the term “if” can be interpreted as “when” or “on” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting” depending on the context. .
  • the phrase “if determined” or “if detected [condition or event described]” may be interpreted in context to mean “once determined” or “in response to determining” or “once detected [condition or event described] ] or “in response to detecting [conditions or events described]”.
  • a user device eg, a cell phone or smart phone
  • the user equipment can communicate with the base station over the downlink and uplink.
  • the downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the base station to the terminal
  • the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the terminal to the base station.
  • the user equipment may include a transmitter for data transmission and a receiver for data reception.
  • the transmitter may include a radio front end (Radio Front), a digital to analog converter (English: Digital to Analog Converter, DAC for short), a baseband processor, and a beamforming unit (Beamforming Unit).
  • the baseband processor of the transmitter is used to implement processing of the transmitted or received signal, including layer mapping, precoding, modulation/demodulation, encoding/compiling, etc. Further, for physical control channels, physical data channels, and physical The broadcast channel, reference signal, and the like are processed.
  • the transmitter RF front end usually includes a power distribution network (Divider), a phase shifter, and an antenna array. Now beamforming function.
  • the beamforming unit controls the RF front end to perform phase shifting operation according to the information fed back by the baseband processor to implement beamforming.
  • the receiver side also includes an RF front end, an analog to digital converter, a baseband processor, and a beamforming unit.
  • the receiver RF front end may include a power synthesis network in addition to the antenna array and phase shifter.
  • the receiver RF front end downconverts the received signal from a carrier frequency signal to the baseband analog signal.
  • the baseband analog signal is converted into a digital signal by analog-to-digital conversion.
  • the baseband processor can extract the transmitted data through channel estimation and demodulation operations. .
  • the beamforming unit of the receiver is functionally identical to the transmitter beamforming unit and can be used to adjust beam steering by controlling the phase shifter phase shift value.
  • the receiver may be a mobile station (English: Mobile Station, MS for short) or a base station (English: Base Station, BS for short); correspondingly, the transmitter may be a BS or an MS.
  • the BS may be a base station in GSM or CDMA, such as a base transceiver station (English: Base Transceiver Station, BTS for short), or a base station in WCDMA, such as a NodeB, or may be in LTE.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, such as an eNB or an e-NodeB (evolutional Node B), or a base station in a future network.
  • the user equipment can support communication with multiple wireless systems of different Radio Access Technology (RAT) (eg, LTE/LTE-A and NR).
  • RAT Radio Access Technology
  • LTE/LTE-A refers to LTE-Advanced (LTE-A)
  • NR refers to next-generation 5G networks.
  • Each wireless system may have certain characteristics and requirements to efficiently support simultaneous communication of wireless systems utilizing different RATs.
  • User equipment may include mobile stations, terminals, access terminals, subscriber units, stations, and the like.
  • the user equipment can also be a cellular phone, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a wireless modem, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device, a laptop computer, a smartbook, a netbook, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (wireless Local loop, WLL) site, Bluetooth device, and more.
  • the user equipment may be capable of communicating with the wireless system, and may also be capable of receiving signals from a broadcast station, one or more satellites in a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), or the like.
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • the user equipment may support one or more RATs for wireless communication, such as GSM, WCDMA, CDMA2000, LTE/LTE-A, 802.11, and the like.
  • radio access technology As used interchangeably, the uplink/downlink carriers adopt Single-Carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA)/OFDM and Cyclic Prefix (CP).
  • SC-FDMA Single-Carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access
  • CP Cyclic Prefix
  • the embodiment of the present invention mainly discusses the problem of the uplink unauthorized user activation detection mechanism, that is, how the base station side determines the set of user equipments for each data transmission, which is mainly applicable to the high reliability and low time involved in the 5G.
  • the main principle of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting an uplink unlicensed user activation based on the compressed sensing. First, the base station side and the user equipment side allocate a mutually unrelated pilot sequence for the user equipment in each resource group.
  • the frequency domain data of the pilot position and the compressed sensing algorithm are used to obtain the user equipment set of the transmitted data, and simultaneously estimate the channel of the multi-user equipment, and the length of the pilot can be flexibly adjusted according to the number of users multiplexed by the resource group. Can be matched. It should be noted that, according to the compression sensing theory, the error-free recovery can be satisfied when the cross-correlation between pilot sequences is less than 0.1. Thus, in the following discussion of the embodiments of the invention, the cross-correlation between the mentioned pilot sequences is less than 0.1.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting an uplink unauthorized user activation according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the method can include:
  • S101 Determine user equipments multiplexed in each resource group, and allocate a pilot sequence to each user equipment, and cross-correlation between different pilot sequences is low.
  • each resource group includes multiple resource blocks (Resource Blocks, RBs), and the total number of multiplexed user equipments in each resource group is related to the number of resource blocks in each resource group.
  • the resource block is used to map physical channels to resource elements (Resources, REs), including physical resource blocks (Physical Resource Blocks, PRBs) and virtual resource blocks (VRBs).
  • REs resource elements
  • PRBs Physical Resource Blocks
  • VRBs virtual resource blocks
  • the maximum number of user equipments multiplexed in the resource group is 100.
  • a value may be arbitrarily set within the maximum number of 100 as the total number of user equipments multiplexed in the resource group.
  • the total number of user equipments multiplexed in the resource group is set to 50.
  • the base station side and the user equipment side also allocate an independent pilot sequence S i ⁇ 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N ⁇ for each user equipment in the resource group, and the cross-correlation between different pilot sequences is compared. low.
  • the pilot sequences assigned to user equipments 1 , 2 , 3 are S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , respectively, and the cross-correlation of pilot sequences S 1 , S 2 , S 3 is less than 0.1.
  • S102 Receive pilot data transmitted by at least one user equipment in an extended pilot symbol of any subframe.
  • multiple user equipments may send the uplink pilot sequence through an unauthorised mechanism.
  • the exemption mechanism means that the user equipment does not need any authorization from the base station side to directly send uplink data to the base station, and the uplink data includes pilot data, multiple reference signals, and other user data.
  • the base station side may receive, on any subframe, respective pilot data, reference signals, and other user data that are sent by multiple user equipments in the resource group using an unauthorised method.
  • the total number of multiplexed user equipments in each resource group is 50
  • the set of user equipments that send data is ⁇ 1, 7, 10 ⁇ , that is, there are currently user equipment 1, user equipment 7, and user equipment 10 to the base station.
  • the pilot data received by the base station on the subframe k is the mixed data of the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10, and can be expressed by the following formula:
  • Y represents pilot data received by the base station
  • S 1 , S 7 , and S 10 are pilot sequences of the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10, respectively
  • N 0 is Gaussian white noise
  • S103 Determine, according to the pilot sequence of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group, pilot data in the extended pilot symbols, and a compression sensing algorithm, at least one user equipment that sends the pilot data.
  • step S102 can be abstracted into the following compression sensing problem:
  • [S 1 S 2 ... S N ] is a set of the pilot sequences of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group
  • [x 1 x 2 ... x N ] is a set of user equipments transmitting the pilot sequence .
  • T in the above formula represents transposition, that is, mutual transposition between a row vector and a column vector.
  • a small number of pilot frequency domain data and a compressed sensing recovery algorithm can be used to recover a plurality of user equipment sets for transmitting data, that is, multiple user equipments that transmit the pilot data are obtained.
  • the uplink unauthorized user activation detection method in the embodiment of the present invention first determines the total number of multiplexed user equipments in each resource group according to the resource blocks in each resource group, and simultaneously for each of the base station side and the user equipment side.
  • the user equipment allocates a pilot sequence, and the cross-correlation between the different pilot sequences is low.
  • at least one user equipment sends data through an unauthorised mechanism, and the base station is in any one of the sub-frames.
  • At least one of the user equipments of the frequency data that is, a set of user equipments that transmit the pilot data.
  • the embodiment of the present invention abstracts the unlicensed user equipment activation detection problem into a compression sensing problem, and determines, by the base station side, at least one of the user equipments that send the pilot data by using a compression sensing algorithm, for subsequent processing (eg, Channel estimation) provides the basis for guaranteeing license-free performance.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively support more user equipments for uplink data transmission, compared to the user activation detection method based on the orthogonal pilot sequence in the conventional technology.
  • a second embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic flowchart of an uplink unauthorized user activation detection method.
  • the frame structure involved in this embodiment is a new air interface design in the 5G technology, that is, the frame structure is completely different from the frame structure of LTE, and specifically includes a frame structure configuration and a basic scheduling unit.
  • the method can include the following steps:
  • S201 Determine a multiplexing user equipment in each resource group, and allocate a pilot sequence to each user equipment, and the cross-correlation between different pilot sequences is low.
  • each resource group includes multiple resource blocks (Resource Blocks, RBs), and the total number of multiplexed user equipments in each resource group is related to the number of resource blocks in each resource group.
  • the resource block is used to map physical channels to resource elements (Resources, REs), including physical resource blocks (PRBs) and virtual resource blocks (VRBs).
  • REs resource elements
  • PRBs physical resource blocks
  • VRBs virtual resource blocks
  • each resource group includes 3 resource blocks
  • the maximum number of user equipments multiplexed in the resource group is 100.
  • a value may be arbitrarily set within the maximum number of 100 as the total number of user equipments multiplexed in the resource group.
  • the total number of multiplexed user equipments in the resource group is set to 50.
  • the base station side and the user equipment side also allocate an independent pilot sequence S i ⁇ 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N ⁇ for each user equipment in the resource group, and the cross-correlation between different pilot sequences is compared. low.
  • the pilot sequences assigned to user equipments 1 , 2 , 3 are S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , respectively, and the cross-correlation of pilot sequences S 1 , S 2 , S 3 is less than 0.1.
  • S202 Receive pilot data sent by at least one user equipment on an extended pilot symbol of any subframe, and receive user data on a time-frequency resource other than a frequency domain location of the extended pilot symbol.
  • the uplink data sent by the at least one user equipment to the base station includes pilot data, multiple reference signals such as a demodulation reference signal, a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), and other user data.
  • pilot data multiple reference signals such as a demodulation reference signal, a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), and other user data.
  • DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal
  • the length of the subframe is 1 ms, including two slots, each slot has a length of 0.5 ms, and each slot has the same configuration structure, and each slot includes seven symbols.
  • the first slot (slot 1) includes symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 3, symbol 4, symbol 5, and symbol 6.
  • Symbol 3 of each slot can be defined as an extended pilot symbol for carrying pilot data.
  • at least one time slot may be used as a basic scheduling unit.
  • the base station receives the pilot data Y on a total of 36 REs of symbol 3 (i.e., extended pilot symbols), and at other time-frequency resources (including symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol). 5 and symbol 6) receive the user data and other reference signals and the like.
  • symbol 3 i.e., extended pilot symbols
  • time-frequency resources including symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol. 5 and symbol 6
  • the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10 transmit data to the base station.
  • the pilot data received by the base station on the subframe k is the user equipment 1.
  • the mixed data of the user equipment 7 and the user equipment 10 can be expressed by the following formula:
  • Y represents pilot data received by the base station at symbol 3
  • S 1 , S 7 , and S 10 are pilot sequences of user equipment 1, user equipment 7, and user equipment 10, respectively, and N 0 is Gaussian white noise.
  • S203 Determine, according to the pilot sequence of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group, pilot data in the extended pilot symbols, and a compression sensing algorithm, to determine at least one user equipment that sends the pilot data.
  • step S202 can be abstracted into the following compression sensing problem:
  • [S 1 S 2 ... S N ] is a set of the pilot sequences of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group
  • [x 1 x 2 ... x N ] is a set of user equipments transmitting the pilot sequence .
  • T in the above formula represents transposition, that is, mutual transposition between a row vector and a column vector.
  • a small number of pilot frequency domain data and a compressed sensing recovery algorithm can be used to recover a plurality of user equipment sets for transmitting data, that is, multiple user equipments that transmit the pilot data are obtained. Collection of user devices.
  • the receiver can obtain an impulse response of the channel to provide the required channel state information (CSI) for subsequent coherent demodulation.
  • CSI channel state information
  • Estimation based on reference signals The algorithm determines the parameters to be estimated according to certain estimation criteria, or performs step-by-step tracking and adjustment of the estimated values of the parameters to be estimated according to certain criteria, which is characterized by the need to use reference signals, ie, pilots or a training sequence; wherein the estimation based on the training sequence and the pilot sequence is collectively referred to as a reference signal based estimation algorithm; the training sequence based channel estimation algorithm is applicable to a burst transmission mode system; by transmitting a known training sequence at the receiving end Performing initial channel estimation, when transmitting useful information data, using a preliminary channel estimation result to perform a decision update to complete real-time channel estimation; pilot symbol-based channel estimation is suitable for continuous transmission systems, and is useful in transmitting By inserting a known pilot symbol into the data, the channel estimation result of the pilot position can be obtained, and then the channel estimation result of the useful data position is obtained by interpolation using the channel estimation result of the pilot position, and the channel estimation is completed.
  • reference signals ie,
  • Blind estimation a method of performing channel estimation by utilizing some features inherent in the modulated signal, which are independent of specific bearer information bits, or a method using decision feedback;
  • Semi-blind estimation a channel estimation method combining the advantages of blind estimation and training sequence estimation; in general, the method of estimating by designing a training sequence or periodically inserting pilot symbols in data Commonly used.
  • channel estimation based on pilot sequences is mainly used. Specifically, after the base station side determines the user equipment set [x 1 x 2 . . . x N ] for transmitting data, for example, the determined set of user equipments for transmitting data is ⁇ 1, 7, 10 ⁇ . At this time, the user equipment 7 and the user equipment 10 may be first masked, and the user equipment 1 is channel-estimated based on the foregoing pilot sequence. Similarly, channel estimation can be performed on user equipment 7 and user equipment 10. The method of shielding the remaining users and performing separate channel estimation on a certain user equipment in turn, that is, the data balancing mentioned above.
  • the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10 transmit data to the base station.
  • the pilot data received by the base station on the subframe k is
  • the mixed data of the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10 can be expressed by the following formula:
  • Y represents the pilot position frequency domain data received by the base station
  • S 1 , S 7 , and S 10 are pilot sequences of the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10, respectively
  • H i is a channel of the user equipment i.
  • N 0 is Gaussian white noise.
  • [S 1 S 2 ... S N ] is a set of the pilot sequences of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group
  • [x 1 x 2 ... x N ] is a set of user equipments transmitting the pilot sequence .
  • x 1 H 1
  • x 7 H 7
  • x 10 H 10 .
  • T in the above formula represents transposition, that is, mutual transposition between a row vector and a column vector.
  • a small amount of pilot frequency domain data and a compressed sensing recovery algorithm can be used to obtain a coarse channel estimation result of the plurality of user equipments that transmit the pilot data [x 1 x 2 ... x N ] That is, [H 1 H 2 ... H N ], and based on this, the user equipment transmitting the pilot data is determined.
  • Channel estimation and data equalization can then be performed based on the coarse channel estimation results.
  • the specific channel estimation and data equalization process are as described above, and are not described here.
  • the uplink unauthorized user activation detection method in the embodiment of the present invention first determines the total number of multiplexed user equipments in each resource group according to the resource blocks in each resource group, and simultaneously for each of the base station side and the user equipment side.
  • the user equipment allocates a pilot sequence, and the cross-correlation between different pilot sequences is low.
  • the user equipment sends data through an unauthorised mechanism, and the base station is in the subframe.
  • Receiving pilot data at a frequency domain position of the extended pilot symbol receiving the user data at a time-frequency resource other than a frequency domain location of the received pilot data, and then according to the guidance of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group
  • the frequency sequence, the pilot data in the extended pilot symbol, and the compressed sensing algorithm determine a coarse channel result of the user equipment and the user equipment that send the pilot data, and finally according to the user equipment set and the coarse channel. Estimating results for channel estimation and data for each of the user equipments Balance.
  • the embodiment of the present invention abstracts the exempted activation detection problem into a compressed sensing problem, and determines, by the base station side, at least one of the user equipment and the coarse channel estimation result that sends the pilot data by using a compressed sensing algorithm, for subsequent processing. Processes such as channel estimation provide the basis for guaranteeing the performance of the license.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively support more user equipments for uplink data transmission, compared to the user activation detection method based on the orthogonal pilot sequence in the conventional technology.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting an uplink unauthorized user activation according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the frame structure involved in this embodiment is an improvement on the frame structure adopted in the existing LTE.
  • the method can include the following steps:
  • S301 Determine a multiplexing user equipment in each resource group, and allocate a pilot sequence to each user equipment, and the cross-correlation between different pilot sequences is low.
  • each resource group includes multiple resource blocks (Resource Blocks, RBs), and the total number of multiplexed user equipments in each resource group is related to the number of resource blocks in each resource group.
  • the resource block is used to map a physical channel to a resource element (Resource Element, RE), including physical resource blocks (PRBs) and virtual resource blocks (VRBs).
  • RE resource element
  • PRBs physical resource blocks
  • VRBs virtual resource blocks
  • the maximum number of user equipments multiplexed in the resource group is 100.
  • a value may be arbitrarily set within the maximum number of 100 as the total number of user equipments multiplexed in the resource group.
  • the total number of multiplexed user equipments in the resource group is set to be 30.
  • the base station side and the user equipment side also allocate an independent pilot sequence S i ⁇ 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N ⁇ for each user equipment in the resource group, and the cross-correlation between different pilot sequences is compared. low.
  • the pilot sequences assigned to user equipments 1 , 2 , 3 are S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , respectively, and the cross-correlation of pilot sequences S 1 , S 2 , S 3 is less than 0.1.
  • the uplink data sent by the at least one user equipment to the base station includes pilot data, multiple reference signals such as a demodulation reference signal, a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), and other user data.
  • pilot data multiple reference signals such as a demodulation reference signal, a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), and other user data.
  • DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal
  • a frame structure as shown in FIG. 6 is employed in this embodiment.
  • the length of the subframe is 1 ms
  • each of the subframes is a basic scheduling unit
  • the subframe includes fourteen symbols, from left to right: symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 2 Symbol 3, symbol 4, symbol 5, symbol 6, symbol 7, symbol 8, symbol 9, symbol 10, symbol 11, symbol 12, and symbol 13.
  • symbol 3 and symbol 10 are defined as regular pilot symbols for receiving pilot data.
  • the symbol 1 is used as an extended pilot symbol for receiving pilot data.
  • the frequency domain location of the extended pilot symbol that receives the pilot data is determined according to the multiplexing user equipment in each of the resource groups.
  • the total number of multiplexed user equipments configured by the base station for each resource group is 30. Therefore, in this embodiment, only 12 of the symbols 1 are used (as shown in the figure)
  • the portion of the slash) receives the pilot data.
  • four user equipments (the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, the user equipment 10, and the user equipment 20) simultaneously transmit uplink data.
  • the pilot data of the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10 are received on the extended pilot symbol (ie, symbol 1).
  • the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10 are applicable to the compressed sensing algorithm.
  • the index is determined by a subsequent compressed sensing recovery algorithm, that is, the user equipment that transmits the pilot data is determined.
  • the index refers to an index of the user equipment in a resource group, for example, 1, 7, 10, instead of its index in the entire cell. While the conventional pilot symbols 3 and 10 receive the pilot data of the user equipment 20, the user equipment 20 is not suitable for the compressed sensing algorithm.
  • the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, the user equipment 10, and the user equipment 20 transmit data to the base station.
  • the base station spreads the pilot symbol on the subframe k (symbol 1).
  • the pilot data of the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10 are received, and the pilot data of the user equipment 20 is received on the conventional pilot symbols (symbols 3 and 10).
  • the pilot data received on the extended pilot symbol is mixed data of the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10, and can be expressed by:
  • Y represents pilot data received by the base station at symbol 1
  • S 1 , S 7 , and S 10 are pilot sequences of user equipment 1, user equipment 7, and user equipment 10, respectively
  • N 0 is Gaussian white noise.
  • S303 Receive, by using a time-frequency resource other than a frequency domain location of the pilot data, the number of users. according to.
  • the base station is in other time-frequency resources (including the remaining 24 REs of symbol 1, symbol 0, symbol 2, symbol 4, symbol 5, symbol 6, symbol 7, symbol 8, symbol 9, symbol 11, symbol
  • the user data, the reference signal, and the like are received on 12 and 13).
  • S304 Determine, according to the pilot sequence of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group, pilot data in the extended pilot symbols, and a compression sensing algorithm, to determine at least one user equipment that sends the pilot data.
  • step S302 can be abstracted into the following compression sensing problem:
  • [S 1 S 2 ... S N ] is a set of the pilot sequences of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group
  • [x 1 x 2 ... x N ] is a set of user equipments transmitting the pilot sequence .
  • T in the above formula represents transposition, that is, mutual transposition between a row vector and a column vector.
  • a small number of pilot frequency domain data and a compressed sensing recovery algorithm can be used to recover a plurality of user equipment sets for transmitting data, that is, multiple user equipments that transmit the pilot data are obtained. Collection of user devices.
  • S305 Perform channel estimation and data equalization on the determined at least one user equipment, and perform channel estimation on the user equipment that sends the pilot data according to the pilot data in the regular pilot symbol.
  • the receiver can obtain an impulse response of the channel to provide the required channel state information (CSI) for subsequent coherent demodulation.
  • CSI channel state information
  • Estimation based on reference signals The algorithm determines the parameters to be estimated according to certain estimation criteria, or performs step-by-step tracking and adjustment of the estimated values of the parameters to be estimated according to certain criteria, which is characterized by the need to use reference signals, ie, pilots or a training sequence; wherein the estimation based on the training sequence and the pilot sequence is collectively referred to as a reference signal based estimation algorithm; the training sequence based channel estimation algorithm is applicable to a burst transmission mode system; by transmitting a known training sequence at the receiving end Performing initial channel estimation, when transmitting useful information data, using a preliminary channel estimation result to perform a decision update to complete real-time channel estimation; pilot symbol-based channel estimation is suitable for continuous transmission systems, and is useful in transmitting By inserting a known pilot symbol into the data, the channel estimation result of the pilot position can be obtained, and then the channel estimation result of the useful data position is obtained by interpolation using the channel estimation result of the pilot position, and the channel estimation is completed.
  • reference signals ie,
  • Blind estimation a method of performing channel estimation by utilizing some features inherent in the modulated signal, which are independent of specific bearer information bits, or a method using decision feedback;
  • Semi-blind estimation a channel estimation method combining the advantages of blind estimation and training sequence estimation; in general, the method of estimating by designing a training sequence or periodically inserting pilot symbols in data Commonly used.
  • the base station performs channel estimation according to the received pilot data Y (a vector of length 12) and a compressed sensing algorithm; for the user equipment 20, the base station Channel estimation is performed based on the received pilot data (a vector of length 36) and the original LTE method.
  • the user equipment 7 and the user equipment 10 may be first masked based on the foregoing pilot sequence pair.
  • User equipment 1 performs channel estimation.
  • channel estimation can be performed on user equipment 7, and user equipment 10. The method of shielding the remaining users and performing separate channel estimation on a certain user equipment in turn, that is, the data balancing mentioned above.
  • the base station receives the pilot data of the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10 on the extended pilot symbol (symbol 1) on the subframe k.
  • the pilot data of the user equipment 20 is received on conventional pilot symbols (symbols 3 and 10).
  • the pilot data received on the extended pilot symbol is mixed data of the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10, and can be expressed by:
  • Y represents the pilot data received by the base station
  • S 1 , S 7 , and S 10 are the pilot sequences of the user equipment 1, the user equipment 7, and the user equipment 10, respectively
  • H i is the channel of the user equipment i
  • N 0 is Gaussian white noise.
  • [S 1 S 2 ... S N ] is a set of the pilot sequences of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group
  • [x 1 x 2 ... x N ] is a set of user equipments transmitting the pilot sequence .
  • x 1 H 1
  • x 7 H 7
  • x 10 H 10 .
  • T in the above formula represents transposition, that is, mutual transposition between a row vector and a column vector. It should be noted that, since the channel coefficients of the same user equipment on different REs are relatively close in the resource group, the channel of each user equipment can be directly represented by a coefficient H i , and the corresponding error is reflected in N 0 .
  • the base station side ie, the receiving end
  • the coarse channel estimation result [x 1 x 2 ... x N ], that is, [H 1 H 2 ... H N ].
  • Channel estimation and data equalization can then be performed based on the coarse channel estimation results.
  • the specific channel estimation and data equalization process are as described above, and are not described here.
  • the uplink unauthorized user activation detection method in the embodiment of the present invention first determines the total number of multiplexed user equipments in each resource group according to the resource blocks in each resource group, and simultaneously for each of the base station side and the user equipment side.
  • the user equipment allocates a pilot sequence, and the cross-correlation between different pilot sequences is low.
  • the user equipment sends data through an unauthorised mechanism, and the base station is in the subframe.
  • the embodiment of the present invention abstracts the exempted activation detection problem into a compressed sensing problem, and determines, by the base station side, at least one of the user equipment and the coarse channel estimation result that sends the pilot data by using a compressed sensing algorithm, for subsequent processing.
  • Processes such as channel estimation provide the basis for guaranteeing the performance of the license.
  • the embodiment of the present invention extends an extended pilot symbol based on the traditional LTE frame structure, and causes the extended pilot symbol and the conventional pilot symbol to coexist to be applicable to different user equipments for data transmission, and is more suitable for data transmission. demand.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively support more user equipments for uplink data transmission, compared to the user activation detection method based on the orthogonal pilot sequence in the conventional technology.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an uplink unauthorized user activation detecting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal can include:
  • a determining unit 10 configured to determine user equipments multiplexed in each resource group, and allocate a pilot sequence to each of the user equipments, and have different cross-correlation between different pilot sequences; Ground, the cross-correlation is less than 0.1;
  • the receiving unit 11 is configured to receive pilot data in an extended pilot symbol of any subframe
  • the determining unit 10 is further configured to determine, according to the pilot sequence of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group, pilot data in the extended pilot symbols, and a compressed sensing algorithm, to send at least one of the pilot data.
  • User equipment is further configured to determine, according to the pilot sequence of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group, pilot data in the extended pilot symbols, and a compressed sensing algorithm, to send at least one of the pilot data.
  • the determining unit 11 is specifically configured to:
  • the multiplexed user equipment is determined according to the number of resource blocks in each of the resource groups.
  • the determining unit 11 is specifically configured to:
  • the determining unit 11 is further configured to:
  • the uplink unauthorized user activation detecting apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention first determines, by the determining unit 11, the total number of multiplexed user equipments in each resource group according to the resource blocks in each resource group, and simultaneously on the base station side and the user equipment side.
  • the frequency data and the compressed sensing algorithm determine at least one of the user equipments that transmit the pilot data, that is, determine a set of user equipments that transmit the pilot data.
  • the embodiment of the present invention abstracts the unlicensed user equipment activation detection problem into a compression sensing problem, and determines, by the base station side, at least one of the user equipments that send the pilot data by using a compression sensing algorithm, for subsequent processing (eg, Channel estimation) provides the basis for guaranteeing license-free performance.
  • a compression sensing algorithm for subsequent processing (eg, Channel estimation) provides the basis for guaranteeing license-free performance.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively support more user equipments for uplink data transmission, compared to the user activation detection method based on the orthogonal pilot sequence in the conventional technology.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an uplink unauthorized user activation detection terminal according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal may include a determining unit 20, a receiving unit 21, and a processing unit 22.
  • the frame structure involved in the embodiment is a new air interface design in the 5G technology, that is, the frame structure is completely different from the frame structure of the LTE, and specifically includes a frame structure configuration and a basic scheduling unit.
  • the frame structure includes two slots, each slot having a length of 0.5 ms, and having the same configuration structure in each slot, each slot including seven symbols.
  • the first slot (slot 1) includes symbol 0, symbol 1, symbol 2, symbol 3, symbol 4, symbol 5, and symbol 6.
  • Can define each Symbol 3 of a slot is an extended pilot symbol for carrying pilot data.
  • at least one time slot may be used as a basic scheduling unit.
  • the determining unit 20 is specifically configured to:
  • the receiving unit 21 is configured to receive the pilot data in the frequency domain location.
  • the receiving unit 21 is further configured to:
  • the processing unit 22 is configured to perform channel estimation and data equalization on the determined at least one user equipment.
  • the uplink unauthorized user activation detecting apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention first determines, by the determining unit 20, the total number of multiplexed user equipments in each resource group according to the resource blocks in each resource group, and simultaneously on the base station side and the user equipment side. Allocating a pilot sequence to each of the user equipments, and the cross-correlation between the different pilot sequences is low.
  • the user equipment sends data through an authorization-free mechanism, and the base station is
  • the pilot data is received by the receiving unit 21 at the frequency domain position of the extended pilot symbol of the subframe, and the user data is received by the time-frequency resource other than the frequency domain position of the received pilot data, and then determined by the determining unit 20 according to the The pilot sequence of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group, the pilot data in the extended pilot symbols, and the compressed sensing algorithm determine the user equipment that sends the pilot data, and finally the processing unit 22 according to the The set of user equipment performs channel estimation and data equalization for each of the user equipments.
  • the embodiment of the present invention abstracts the exempted activation detection problem into a compressed sensing problem, and determines, by the base station side, at least one of the user equipment and the coarse channel estimation result that sends the pilot data by using a compressed sensing algorithm, for subsequent processing. Processes such as channel estimation provide the basis for guaranteeing the performance of the license.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively support more users than the user activation detection method based on the orthogonal pilot sequence in the conventional technology.
  • the user equipment performs uplink data transmission.
  • the frame structure involved is an improvement over the frame structure employed in existing LTE.
  • Each of the subframes is a basic scheduling unit, the subframe includes fourteen symbols, and symbols 3 and 10 are used as regular pilot symbols for receiving pilots transmitted by user equipments that are not applicable to the compressed sensing algorithm.
  • Data, symbol 1 is used as an extended pilot symbol for receiving pilot data transmitted by a user equipment suitable for a compressed sensing algorithm.
  • the receiving unit 21 is further configured to receive pilot data of other user equipments in a regular pilot symbol of the subframe; the processing unit 22 is further configured to use the conventional pilot according to the conventional pilot.
  • the pilot data within the symbol performs channel estimation on the user equipment transmitting the pilot data.
  • an extended pilot symbol is extended on the basis of the traditional LTE frame structure, and the extended pilot symbol and the conventional pilot symbol are coexisted to be applicable to different user equipments for data transmission, and the data transmission requirement is more satisfied.
  • the method provided by this embodiment can effectively support more user equipments for uplink data transmission, compared to the user activation detection method based on the orthogonal pilot sequence in the conventional technology.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station includes at least one processor 301, such as a CPU, at least one communication interface 303, a memory 304, and at least one bus 302.
  • the bus 302 is used to implement connection communication between these components.
  • the communication interface 303 can include a display and a keyboard.
  • the optional communication interface 303 can also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.
  • the memory 304 may include a volatile memory (Volatile Memory), such as a random access memory (RAM); the memory may also include a non-volatile memory (Non-Volatile Memory), such as a read-only memory (Read-Only).
  • Volatile Memory volatile memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • Non-Volatile Memory Non-Volatile Memory
  • the memory 204 may also include a combination of the above types of memories.
  • the memory 304 can optionally also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 301. Wherein the memory 204 stores a set of program codes, and the processor 301 The program code stored in the memory 304 is called to perform the following operations:
  • processor 301 is further configured to perform the following operations:
  • the processor 301 is configured to perform the following operations:
  • the multiplexed user equipment is determined according to the number of resource blocks in each of the resource groups.
  • the processor 301 is configured to perform the following operations:
  • the pilot data is received at the frequency domain location.
  • processor 301 is further configured to perform the following operations:
  • the processor 301 is further configured to:
  • Channel estimation and data equalization are performed on the determined at least one of the user equipments.
  • processor 301 is further configured to perform the following operations:
  • Channel estimation is performed on the user equipment that transmits the pilot data according to pilot data in the regular pilot symbols.
  • the pilot sequence and the extension guide of all user equipments multiplexed according to the resource group The pilot data in the frequency symbol and the compressed sensing algorithm determine that the at least one user equipment that sends the pilot data specifically includes:
  • the coarse channel estimation result of the user equipment specifically includes:
  • Y is the received pilot data
  • N 0 is a Gaussian white noise
  • [S 1 S 2 ... S N ] is a set of the pilot sequences of all user equipments multiplexed by the resource group
  • [x 1 x 2 ... x N ] is a collection of user equipments that transmit the pilot sequence.
  • the problem of the activation-free detection is abstracted into a compressed sensing problem, and at the base station side, at least one of the user equipments that send the pilot data is determined by a compressed sensing algorithm, for subsequent processing (such as a channel). Estimate) provides the basis for guaranteeing the performance of the license-free.
  • the disclosed method, apparatus, and base station may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling shown or discussed Or a direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, or an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the units in the terminal in the embodiment of the present invention may be combined, divided, and deleted according to actual needs.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法，包括：确定每个资源组内复用的用户设备，并为每一用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同的导频序列之间具有低的互相关性；在任一子帧的扩展导频符号接收导频数据；根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的导频序列、扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备。本发明实施例将免授权的激活检测问题抽象为压缩感知问题，并在基站侧通过压缩感知算法确定出发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，为后续处理过程(如信道估计)提供了基础，从而为免授权性能提供了保障。本发明实施例同时公开了一种上行免授权用户激活检测装置及基站。

Description

一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法、装置及基站 技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法、装置及基站。
背景技术
无线通信系统被广泛地部署以提供诸如电话、视频、数据、消息传送和广播之类的各种电信服务。典型的无线通信系统可以采用能够通过共享可用的系统资源(例如，带宽、发射功率)来支持与多个用户的通信的多址技术。这种多址技术的示例包括码分多址(CDMA)系统、时分多址(TDMA)系统、频分多址(FDMA)系统、正交频分多址(OFDMA)系统、单载波频分多址(SC-FDMA)系统和时分同步码分多址(TD-SCDMA)系统。
在各种电信标准中已采纳这些多址技术，以提供使得不同的无线设备能够在城市、国家、地区、甚至全球层面上进行通信的公共协议。一种新兴的电信标准的例子是长期演进(LTE/LTE-A)。LTE/LTE-A是由第三代合作伙伴计划(3GPP)发布的通用移动通信系统(UMTS)移动标准的增强集合。LTE/LTE-A被设计为通过提高谱效率、降低费用、改善服务、利用新频谱来更好地支持移动宽带互联网接入，并且与在下行链路(DL)上使用OFDMA、在上行链路(UL)上使用SC-FDMA以及使用多输入多输出(MIMO)天线技术的其它开放标准进行更好地整合。但是，随着对移动宽带接入的需求持续增加，存在对LTE技术中的进一步改进的需求。当前，世界范围内已着手开始对第五代通信技术(5th-Generation，5G)的研究了。
5G是一种多技术融合的通信，通过技术的更迭和创新来满足广泛的数据、连接业务的需求。在RAN71次会议中，3GPP成立了关于5G新空口研究的SI(study item)。根据5G对于垂直场景的划分，3GPP主要从三个方面进行新空口技术的研究：增强的移动宽带业务(Enhanced Mobile BroadBand，EMBB)、高可靠低时延业务(Ultra-reliable Low-latency Communications,URLLC)和大 量的机器类通信(Massive Machine Type Communications,MMTC)。这三种场景所针对的业务类型不一样，其需求也不一样。其中，对于EMBB业务，其两个主要的指标是高带宽和低时延，在未来的高频通信上，可能支持100MHz的大带宽，而且很可能某个时刻整个带宽都直接分配给一个用户。而上行调度时延和混合自动重传请求(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest，HARQ)反馈时延也会带来时延影响。对于mMTC业务，其需要的是窄带服务，需要电池寿命很长，这种业务就需要更小粒度的频域和更宽粒度的时域资源。对于URLLC业务，其时延要求是0.5ms，也需要减少时域调度粒度，以及减少上行调度时延和混合自动重传请求(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest，HARQ)反馈时延带来的时延影响。
进一步地，针对上述几个应用场景，3GPP已经在信道编码、多址接入、新空口设计和多天线等几个方面展开了研究。在URLLC和mMTC场景下，由于业务与传统的宽带数据业务有很多不同之处，因此需要针对性的研究适合上述场景的技术。其中，为了保证上行的业务实时性和连接数目，新型多址和免授权(Grant Free，GF)机制是当前标准研究的一个重要方向。
日前，在RAN 1#87次会议上，针对URLLC场景下的免授权机制已经形成了一些基本结论。目前对于免授权机制的研究重点都集中在如何进行资源的分配和复用。然而，上述方法缺少完善的用户激活检测机制，即在基站侧如何确定每次传输数据的用户设备集合。这一缺陷已成为影响免授权性能的重要因素。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法、装置及基站，以为免授权性能提供保障。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法，包括：
确定每个资源组内复用的用户设备，并为每一所述用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同的所述导频序列之间具有低的互相关性；
在任一子帧的扩展导频符号接收导频数据；
根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备。
在一些可能的实施方式中，根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的步骤具体为：
根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果。
在一些可能的实施方式中，确定每个资源组内复用的用户设备具体包括：
根据每个所述资源组内的资源块个数确定复用的所述用户设备。
在一些可能的实施方式中，在任一子帧的扩展导频符号接收导频数据具体包括：
根据每个所述资源组内的复用用户设备确定接收所述导频数据的扩展导频符号的频域位置；
在所述频域位置接收所述导频数据。
在一些可能的实施方式中，所述方法还包括：
在所述子帧接收发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备发送的用户数据，其中，在接收所述导频数据的频域位置以外的时频资源接收所述用户数据。
在一些可能的实施方式中，在确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备后，所述方法还包括：
对确定的至少一个所述用户设备进行信道估计和数据均衡。
在一些可能的实施方式中，所述方法还包括：
在所述子帧的常规导频符号接收其他所述用户设备的导频数据；
根据所述常规导频符号内的导频数据对发送该导频数据的所述用户设备进行信道估计。
在一些可能的实施方式中，根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据 的至少一个所述用户设备具体包括：
利用公式Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。
在一些可能的实施方式中，根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果具体包括：
利用公式Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供了一种上行免授权用户激活检测装置，包括：
确定单元，用于确定每个资源组内复用的用户设备，并为每一所述用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同的所述导频序列之间具有低的互相关性；
接收单元，用于在任一子帧的扩展导频符号接收导频数据；
所述确定单元还用于根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备。
在一些可能的实施方式中，所述确定单元还用于：
根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果。
在一些可能的实施方式中，所述确定单元具体用于：
根据每个所述资源组内的资源块个数确定复用的所述用户设备。
在一些可能的实施方式中，所述确定单元具体用于：
根据每个所述资源组内的复用用户设备确定接收所述导频数据的扩展导频符号的频域位置；
所述接收单元用于在所述频域位置接收所述导频数据。
在一些可能的实施方式中，所述接收单元还用于：
在所述子帧接收发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备发送的用户数据，其中，在接收所述导频数据的频域位置以外的时频资源接收所述用户数据。
在一些可能的实施方式中，所述装置还包括：
处理单元，用于对确定的至少一个所述用户设备进行信道估计和数据均衡。
在一些可能的实施方式中，所述接收单元还用于在所述子帧的常规导频符号接收其他所述用户设备的导频数据；
所述装置还包括：
处理单元，用于根据所述常规导频符号内的导频数据对发送该导频数据的所述用户设备进行信道估计。
在一些可能的实施方式中，所述确定单元具体用于：
利用公式Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。
在一些可能的实施方式中，所述确定单元具体用于：
利用公式Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。
第三方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种基站，包括：处理器、存储器、通信接口和总线；所述处理器、所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述总线连接并完成相互间的通信；所述存储器存储可执行程序代码；所述处理器通过读取所述存储器中存储的可执行程序代码来运行与所述可执行程序代码对应的程序，以用于执行一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法；其中，所述方法如上所述。
本发明实施例所提供的上行免授权用户激活检测方法及装置中，将免授权的激活检测问题抽象为压缩感知问题，并在基站侧通过压缩感知算法确定出发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，为后续处理过程(如信道估计)提供了基础，从而为免授权性能提供了保障。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明第一实施例提供的上行免授权用户检测激活方法的示意流程图；
图2是本发明第二实施例提供的上行免授权用户检测激活方法的示意流程图；
图3是本发明第一实施例所涉及的帧结构的示意图；
图4是三个用户设备的导频数据发送示意图；
图5是本发明第三实施例提供的上行免授权用户检测激活方法的示意流程图；
图6是本发明第三实施例所涉及的帧结构的示意图；
图7是四个用户设备的导频数据发送示意图；
图8是本发明第一实施例提供的上行免授权用户激活检测装置结构示意图；
图9是本发明第二实施例提供的上行免授权用户激活检测装置结构示意图；
图10是本发明第一实施例提供的基站的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、完整地描述。
应当理解，当在本说明书和所附权利要求书中使用时，术语“包括”和“包含”指示所描述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。
还应当理解，在此本发明说明书中所使用的术语仅仅是出于描述特定实施例的目的而并不意在限制本发明。如在本发明说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，除非上下文清楚地指明其它情况，否则单数形式的“一”、“一个”及“该”意在包括复数形式。
还应当进一步理解，在本发明说明书和所附权利要求书中使用的术语“和/或”是指相关联列出的项中的一个或多个的任何组合以及所有可能组合，并且包括这些组合。
如在本说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，术语“如果”可以依据上下文被解释为“当...时”或“一旦”或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测到”。类似地，短语“如果确定”或“如果检测到[所描述条件或事件]”可以依据上下文被解释为意指“一旦确定”或“响应于确定”或“一旦检测到[所描述条件或事件]”或“响应于检测到[所描述条件或事件]”。
本文所描述的技术中，用户设备(例如，蜂窝电话或者智能电话)可以利用无线通信系统来发射和接收数据以用于双路通信。该用户设备可以通过下行链路和上行链路与基站进行通信。下行链路(或前向链路)是指从基站到终端的通信链路，而上行链路(或反向链路)是指从终端到基站的通信链路。
进一步地，用户设备可以包括用于数据发射的发射机以及用于数据接收的接收机。发射机可以包括射频前端(Radio Front)、数模转换器(英文：Digital to Analog Converter，简称DAC)、基带处理器(Baseband processor)和波束成型单元(Beamforming Unit)。发射机的基带处理器用于实现对所发送或接收的信号的处理，包括层映射、预编码、调制/解调、编码/编译等，进一步的，还可对于物理控制信道、物理数据信道、物理广播信道、参考信号等进行处理。发射机射频前端通常包括功率分配网络(Divider)、移相器和天线阵列，以实 现波束成型功能。波束成型单元则根据基带处理器反馈的信息控制射频前端进行移相操作，实现波束成型。接收机侧也包括射频前端、模数转换器、基带处理器和波束成型单元。接收机射频前端除了包括天线阵列和移相器外，还可包括功率合成网络。接收机射频前端将接收信号从某个载波频率的信号下变频到基带的模拟信号，基带模拟信号通过模数转换成数字信号，基带处理器通过信道估计和解调等操作即可提取出发射数据。接收机的波束成型单元与发射机波束成型单元功能一致，均能够用于通过控制移相器移相值调整波束指向。
可选的，该接收机可以是移动台(英文：Mobile Station，简称MS)，也可以是基站台(英文：Base Station，简称BS)；相应地，该发射机可以是BS，也可以是MS。在本发明实施例中，该BS可以是GSM或CDMA中的基站，如基站收发台(英文：Base Transceiver Station，简称BTS)，也可以是WCDMA中的基站，如NodeB，还可以是LTE中的演进型基站，如eNB或e-NodeB(evolutional Node B)，或未来网络中的基站，本发明实施例不做限定。
该用户设备可以支持与不同无线电接入技术(Radio Access Technology，RAT)的多个无线系统的通信(例如LTE/LTE-A和NR)。其中，LTE/LTE-A指的是高级LTE(LTE-A)，NR指的是下一代5G网络。每个无线系统可能具有某些特性和要求，能够高效地支持利用不同RAT的无线系统的同时通信。用户设备可以包括移动台、终端、接入终端、订户单元、站点，等等。用户设备还可以是蜂窝电话、智能电话、平板计算机、无线调制解调器、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、手持式设备、膝上型计算机、智能本、上网本、无绳电话、无线本地回路(wireless local loop，WLL)站点、蓝牙设备，等等。用户设备可以能够与无线系统进行通信，还可以能够从广播站、一个或多个全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System，GNSS)中的卫星等接收信号。用户设备可以支持用于无线通信的一个或多个RAT，诸如GSM、WCDMA、CDMA2000、LTE/LTE-A、802.11，等等。术语“无线电接入技术”、“RAT”、“无线电技术”、“空中接口”和“标准”经常可互换地被使用。需要说明的是，在LTE/LTE-A系统中，上/下行载波分别采用单载波频分多址(Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access，SC-FDMA)/OFDM以及 循环前缀(Cyclic Prefix，CP)。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例主要讨论的是上行免授权用户激活检测机制的问题，即基站侧如何确定每次传输数据的用户设备集合，其主要适用于5G中所涉及的高可靠低时延业务(Ultra-reliable Low-latency Communications,URLLC)和大量的机器类通信(Massive Machine Type Communications,MMTC)两种应用场景。本发明实施例的主要原理是：提出一种基于压缩感知的上行免授权用户激活检测方法，先在基站侧和用户设备侧为每个资源组内为用户设备分配互不相关的导频序列，然后在基站侧，利用导频位置的频域数据和压缩感知算法，获取发送数据的用户设备集合，并同时估计多用户设备的信道，且导频的长度可以根据资源组复用的用户数目灵活可配。需要说明的是，根据压缩感知理论可知，导频序列之间的互相关性低于0.1时即可满足无差错恢复。因此，本发明实施例在下述讨论中，所提及的导频序列之间的互相关性均低于0.1。
请参考图1，是本发明第一实施例提供一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法的示意流程图。如图所示，该方法可以包括：
S101，确定每个资源组内复用的用户设备，并为每一用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同的导频序列之间的互相关性较低。
具体地，每个资源组内包括多个资源块(Resource Blocks，RB)，每个资源组内复用用户设备的总数目是与每个资源组内的资源块的数目有关的。其中，资源块用以物理信道向资源粒子(Resource Element，RE)的映射，包括物理资源模块(PhysicalResource Blocks，PRB)及虚拟资源块(VirtualResource Blocks，VRB)。举例来说，若每个资源组内包括3个资源块，在该资源组内复用的用户设备的最大数目为100个。此时，可在最大数目100以内任意设定一个数值作为该资源组内复用的用户设备的总数目，例如，设定该资源组内复用的用户设备的总数目为50。进一步地，基站侧和用户设备侧还会为资源组内的每一用户设备分配一个独立的导频序列Si{1≤i≤N}，且不同的导频序列之间的互相关性较低。例如，为用户设备1、2、3分配的导频序列分别是S1、 S2、S3，且导频序列S1、S2、S3的互相关性低于0.1。
S102，在任一子帧的扩展导频符号接收至少一个用户设备发送的导频数据。
具体地，在任意一个上行子帧上，多个用户设备可通过免授权机制发送上行导频序列。其中，简单地说，免授权机制指的是用户设备不需要基站侧对其进行任何授权，直接向基站发送上行数据，该上行数据包括导频数据、多种参考信号以及其它用户数据。基站侧可在任一子帧上接收到多个用户设备在资源组内采用免授权方法所发送的、各自的导频数据、参考信号以及其它用户数据。举例来说，每个资源组内复用用户设备的总数目为50，发送数据的用户设备集合为{1，7，10}，即当前有用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10向基站发送包括导频数据的上行数据。此时，基站在子帧k上所接收到的导频数据为用户设备1、用户设备7、用户设备10的混合数据，可以用下式表示：
Y＝S1+S7+S10+N0
其中，Y表示基站接收到的导频数据，S1、S7、S10分别为用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10的导频序列，N0为高斯白噪声。
S103，根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备。
具体地，步骤S102中的公式可以抽象为如下的压缩感知问题：
Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0
其中，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。xi(1≤i≤N)表示用户i是否发送导频数据，如果发送数据，xi＝1，否则xi＝0。在上例中，x1＝1，x7＝1，x10＝1。此外，上述公式中的T表示转置，即行向量与列向量之间的相互转置。
由于在[x1 x2 … xN]中，只有少量元素为1，即在URLLC和mMTC场景下，只有少量用户设备会在同一子帧发送上行数据，因此[x1 x2 … xN]满足稀疏特性，此时的用户激活检测问题可以抽象为如下的压缩感知问题：
Y＝S·X+N0
其中，S＝[S1 S2 … SN]，X＝[x1 x2 … xN]T
因此，在基站侧(即接收端)可以利用少量的导频频域数据和压缩感知恢复算法，来对发送数据的多个用户设备集合进行恢复，即得到发送所述导频数据的多个用户设备的用户设备集合，确定发送所述导频数据的用户设备。
也就是说，在公式Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0中，Y、[S1 S2 … SN]及N0都是已知的，因此，可以得到发送数据的用户设备集合[x1 x2 … xN]。
本发明实施例的上行免授权用户激活检测方法，先根据每个资源组内的资源块确定每个资源组内复用用户设备的总数目，并在基站侧及用户设备侧同时为每一所述用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同所述导频序列之间的互相关性较低，之后，在任意一个上行子帧上，至少一个用户设备通过免授权机制发送数据，基站在任一子帧上的扩展导频符号上接收导频数据，最后根据资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，即确定出发送所述导频数据的用户设备集合。本发明实施例将免授权的用户设备激活检测问题抽象为压缩感知问题，并在基站侧通过压缩感知算法确定出了发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，为后续处理过程(如信道估计)提供了基础，从而为免授权性能提供了保障。此外，相比于传统技术中基于正交导频序列的用户激活检测方法，本发明实施例所提供的方法可以有效地支持更多用户设备进行上行数据发送。
请参考图2，是本发明第二实施例提供一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法的示意流程图。需要说明的是，本实施例中所涉及的帧结构是一种5G技术中的新空口设计，即该帧结构是完全不同于LTE的帧结构，具体包括帧结构配置及基本调度单元等方面。如图所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤：
S201，确定每个资源组内复用用户设备，并为每一用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同的导频序列之间的互相关性较低。
具体地，每个资源组内包括多个资源块(Resource Blocks，RB)，每个资源组内复用用户设备的总数目是与每个资源组内的资源块的数目有关的。其 中，资源块用以物理信道向资源粒子(Resource Element，RE)的映射，包括物理资源模块(Physical Resource Blocks，PRB)及虚拟资源块(Virtual Resource Blocks，VRB)。举例来说，若每个资源组内包括3个资源块，在该资源组内复用用户设备的最大数目为100个。此时，可在最大数目100以内任意设定一个数值作为该资源组内复用的用户设备的总数目，例如，设定该资源组内复用用户设备的总数目为50。进一步地，基站侧和用户设备侧还会为资源组内的每一用户设备分配一个独立的导频序列Si{1≤i≤N}，且不同的导频序列之间的互相关性较低。例如，为用户设备1、2、3分配的导频序列分别是S1、S2、S3，且导频序列S1、S2、S3的互相关性低于0.1。
S202，在任一子帧的扩展导频符号上接收至少一个用户设备发送的导频数据，在所述扩展导频符号的频域位置以外的时频资源上接收用户数据。
需要说明的是，至少一个用户设备向基站发送的上行数据包括导频数据、多种参考信号如解调参考信号，Demodulation Reference Signal，DMRS)以及其它用户数据。
具体地，本实施例中采用如图3所示的帧结构。如图所示，该子帧的长度为1ms，包括两个时隙(slot)，每一时隙的长度为0.5ms，且每一时隙中具有相同的配置结构，每一时隙均包括七个符号。例如，第一时隙(slot1)包括符号0、符号1、符号2、符号3、符号4、符号5及符号6。可以定义每一时隙的符号3为扩展导频符号，用于承载导频数据。在该子帧中，可以以至少一个时隙作为基本调度单元。具体地，先根据每个所述资源组内的复用用户设备确定接收所述导频数据的扩展导频符号的频域位置，之后在所述频域位置接收所述导频数据，并在接收所述导频数据的频域位置以外的时频资源接收所述用户数据。举例来说，当基站为每个资源组所配置的复用用户设备的总数目为50时，可确定在子帧中，接收导频数据的扩展导频符号的频域位置为符号3中的36个RE，并在该频域位置上接收所述导频数据。如图4所示，基站在符号3(即扩展导频符号)的共36个RE上接收导频数据Y，而在其它时频资源(包括符号0、符号1、符号2、符号4、符号5及符号6)上接收所述用户数据及其他参考信号等。
进一步地，如前所述，在本实施例中，用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10向基站发送数据，此时，基站在子帧k上所接收到的导频数据为用户设备1、用户设备7、用户设备10的混合数据，可以用下式表示：
Y＝S1+S7+S10+N0
其中，Y表示基站在符号3接收到的导频数据，S1、S7、S10分别为用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10的导频序列，N0为高斯白噪声。
S203，根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法，确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备。
具体地，步骤S202中的公式可以抽象为如下的压缩感知问题：
Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0
其中，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。xi(1≤i≤N)表示用户i是否发送导频数据，如果发送数据，xi＝1，否则xi＝0。在上例中，x1＝1，x7＝1，x10＝1。。此外，上述公式中的T表示转置，即行向量与列向量之间的相互转置。
由于在[x1 x2 … xN]中，只有少量元素为1，即在URLLC和mMTC场景下，只有少量用户设备会在同一子帧发送上行数据，因此[x1 x2 … xN]满足稀疏特性，此时的用户激活检测问题可以抽象为如下的压缩感知问题：
Y＝S·X+N0
其中，S＝[S1 S2 … SN]，X＝[x1 x2 … xN]T
因此，在基站侧(即接收端)可以利用少量的导频频域数据和压缩感知恢复算法，来对发送数据的多个用户设备集合进行恢复，即得到发送所述导频数据的多个用户设备的用户设备集合。
S204，对确定的至少一个所述用户设备进行信道估计和数据均衡。
在无线通信系统中，通过信道估计，接收机可以得到信道的冲激响应，从而为后续的相干解调提供所需的信道状态信息(Channel State Information，CSI)。
从信道估计算法先验信息的角度，则可分为以下三类：
(1)基于参考信号的估计：该类算法按一定估计准则确定待估参数，或者按某些准则进行逐步跟踪和调整待估参数的估计值，其特点是需要借助参考信号，即导频或训练序列；其中，基于训练序列和导频序列的估计统称为基于参考信号的估计算法；基于训练序列的信道估计算法适用于突发传输方式的系统；通过发送已知的训练序列，在接收端进行初始的信道估计，当发送有用的信息数据时，利用初始的信道估计结果进行一个判决更新，完成实时的信道估计；基于导频符号的信道估计适用于连续传输的系统，通过在发送的有用数据中插入已知的导频符号，可以得到导频位置的信道估计结果，接着利用导频位置的信道估计结果，通过内插得到有用数据位置的信道估计结果，完成信道估计。
(2)盲估计：利用调制信号本身固有的、与具体承载信息比特无关的一些特征，或是采用判决反馈的方法来进行信道估计的方法；
(3)半盲估计：结合盲估计与基于训练序列估计这两种方法优点的信道估计方法；一般来讲，通过设计训练序列或在数据中周期性地插入导频符号来进行估计的方法比较常用。
本发明实施例中主要采用基于导频序列的信道估计。具体地，当基站侧确定出发送数据的用户设备集合[x1 x2 … xN]之后，例如所确定出的发送数据的用户设备集合为{1，7，10}。此时，可先将用户设备7和用户设备10进行屏蔽，基于前述导频序列对用户设备1进行信道估计。同理，可对用户设备7和用户设备10进行信道估计。采用屏蔽其余用户，依次对某一个用户设备进行单独信道估计的方式，即前述所说的数据均衡。
需要说明的是，在本发明实施例的其它可选方式中，用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10向基站发送数据，此时，基站在子帧k上所接收到的导频数据为用户设备1、用户设备7、用户设备10的混合数据，可以用下式表示：
Y＝H1*S1+H7*S7+H10*S10+N0
其中，Y表示基站接收到的导频位置频域数据，S1、S7、S10分别为用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10的导频序列，Hi为用户设备i的信道，N0为高斯白噪声。需要说明的是，由于同一用户设备在不同RE上的信道系数在资 源组内比较接近，因此对每一个用户设备的信道可以直接用一个系数Hi来表示，对应的误差体现在N0中。
进一步地，上述公式可以抽象为如下的压缩感知问题：
Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0
其中，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。xi(1≤i≤N)表示用户i是否发送导频数据，如果发送数据，xi＝Hi，否则xi＝0。在上例中，x1＝H1，x7＝H7，x10＝H10。此外，上述公式中的T表示转置，即行向量与列向量之间的相互转置。
由于在[x1 x2 … xN]中，只有少量元素不为0，即在URLLC和mMTC场景下，只有少量用户设备会在同一子帧发送上行数据，因此[x1 x2 … xN]满足稀疏特性，此时的用户激活检测问题可以抽象为如下的压缩感知问题：
Y＝S·X+N0
其中，S＝[S1 S2 … SN]，X＝[x1 x2 … xN]T
因此，在基站侧(即接收端)可以利用少量的导频频域数据和压缩感知恢复算法，得到发送所述导频数据的多个用户设备的粗信道估计结果[x1 x2 … xN]，即，[H1 H2 … HN]，并据此确定发送所述导频数据的用户设备。之后，可根据粗信道估计结果进行信道估计和数据均衡。其中，具体的信道估计和数据均衡过程如前所述，在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例的上行免授权用户激活检测方法，先根据每个资源组内的资源块确定每个资源组内复用用户设备的总数目，并在基站侧及用户设备侧同时为每一所述用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同所述导频序列之间的互相关性较低，之后，在任意一个上行子帧上，用户设备通过免授权机制发送数据，基站在该子帧的扩展导频符号的频域位置上接收导频数据，在接收所述导频数据的频域位置以外的时频资源接收所述用户数据，接着根据资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的所述用户设备及所述用户设备的粗信道结果，最后根据所述用户设备集合及粗信道估计结果对每个所述用户设备进行信道估计和数据均 衡。本发明实施例将免授权的激活检测问题抽象为压缩感知问题，并在基站侧通过压缩感知算法确定出了发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备及粗信道估计结果，为后续处理过程(如信道估计)提供了基础，从而为免授权性能提供了保障。此外，相比于传统技术中基于正交导频序列的用户激活检测方法，本发明实施例所提供的方法可以有效地支持更多用户设备进行上行数据发送。
请参考图5，是本发明第三实施例提供一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法的示意流程图。需要说明的是，本实施例中所涉及的帧结构是一种对现有LTE中所采用的帧结构的改进。如图所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤：
S301，确定每个资源组内复用用户设备，并为每一用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同的导频序列之间的互相关性较低。
具体地，每个资源组内包括多个资源块(Resource Blocks，RB)，每个资源组内复用用户设备的总数目是与每个资源组内的资源块的数目有关的。其中，资源块用以物理信道向资源粒子(Resource Element，RE)的映射，包括物理资源模块(Physical Resource Blocks，PRB)及虚拟资源块(Virtual Resource Blocks，VRB)。举例来说，若每个资源组内包括3个资源块，在该资源组内复用用户设备的最大数目为100个。此时，可在最大数目100以内任意设定一个数值作为该资源组内复用的用户设备的总数目，例如，在本实施例中，设定该资源组内复用用户设备的总数目为30。进一步地，基站侧和用户设备侧还会为资源组内的每一用户设备分配一个独立的导频序列Si{1≤i≤N}，且不同的导频序列之间的互相关性较低。例如，为用户设备1、2、3分配的导频序列分别是S1、S2、S3，且导频序列S1、S2、S3的互相关性低于0.1。
S302，在任一子帧的扩展导频符号接收导频数据，在所述子帧的常规导频符号接收其他所述用户设备的导频数据。
需要说明的是，至少一个用户设备向基站发送的上行数据包括导频数据、多种参考信号如解调参考信号，Demodulation Reference Signal，DMRS)以及其它用户数据。
具体地，本实施例中采用如图6所示的帧结构。如图所示，该子帧的长度为1ms，每一所述子帧为基本调度单元，所述子帧包括十四个符号，从左到右依次为：符号0、符号1、符号2、符号3、符号4、符号5、符号6、符号7、符号8、符号9、符号10、符号11、符号12及符号13。在传统的LET帧结构中，定义了符号3及符号10作为常规导频符号，用于接收导频数据。而本实施例中，在传统LTE帧结构的基础上，将符号1作为扩展导频符号，用于接收导频数据。具体地，本实施例中是根据每个所述资源组内的复用用户设备确定接收所述导频数据的扩展导频符号的频域位置的。举例来说，本实施例中，基站为每个资源组所配置的复用用户设备的总数目为30，因此在本实施例中，仅使用符号1的其中12个RE(如图中填充有斜线的部分)来接收导频数据。在子帧n上，四个用户设备(用户设备1、用户设备7、用户设备10及用户设备20)同时发送上行数据。其中，扩展导频符号(即符号1)上接收用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10的导频数据，该用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10是适用于压缩感知算法的，可通过后续的压缩感知恢复算法确定其索引，即确定出发送导频数据的用户设备。需说明的是，该索引是指所述用户设备在资源组内的索引，例如1,7,10，而非其在整个小区内的索引。而常规导频符号3及符号10上接收用户设备20的导频数据，该用户设备20是不适用于压缩感知算法的。
进一步地，如前所述，在本实施例中，用户设备1、用户设备7、用户设备10及用户设备20向基站发送数据，此时，基站在子帧k上扩展导频符号(符号1)上接收用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10的导频数据，在常规导频符号(符号3和10)上接收用户设备20的导频数据。扩展导频符号上所接收到的导频数据为用户设备1、用户设备7、用户设备10的混合数据，可以用下式表示：
Y＝S1+S7+S10+N0
其中，Y表示基站在符号1接收到的导频数据，S1、S7、S10分别为用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10的导频序列，N0为高斯白噪声。
S303，在接收所述导频数据的频域位置以外的时频资源接收所述用户数 据。
如图7所示，基站在其它时频资源(包括符号1的剩余24个RE、符号0、符号2、符号4、符号5、符号6、符号7、符号8、符号9、符号11、符号12及符号13)上接收所述用户数据及参考信号等。
S304，根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法，确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备。
具体地，步骤S302中的公式可以抽象为如下的压缩感知问题：
Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0
其中，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。xi(1≤i≤N)表示用户i是否发送导频数据，如果发送数据，xi＝1，否则xi＝0。在上例中，x1＝1，x7＝1，x10＝1。。此外，上述公式中的T表示转置，即行向量与列向量之间的相互转置。
由于在[x1 x2 … xN]中，只有少量元素为1，即在URLLC和mMTC场景下，只有少量用户设备会在同一子帧发送上行数据，因此[x1 x2 … xN]满足稀疏特性，此时的用户激活检测问题可以抽象为如下的压缩感知问题：
Y＝S·X+N0
其中，S＝[S1 S2 … SN]，X＝[x1 x2 … xN]T
因此，在基站侧(即接收端)可以利用少量的导频频域数据和压缩感知恢复算法，来对发送数据的多个用户设备集合进行恢复，即得到发送所述导频数据的多个用户设备的用户设备集合。
S305，对确定的至少一个所述用户设备进行信道估计和数据均衡，根据所述常规导频符号内的导频数据对发送该导频数据的所述用户设备进行信道估计。
在无线通信系统中，通过信道估计，接收机可以得到信道的冲激响应，从而为后续的相干解调提供所需的信道状态信息(Channel State Information，CSI)。
从信道估计算法先验信息的角度，则可分为以下三类：
(1)基于参考信号的估计：该类算法按一定估计准则确定待估参数，或者按某些准则进行逐步跟踪和调整待估参数的估计值，其特点是需要借助参考信号，即导频或训练序列；其中，基于训练序列和导频序列的估计统称为基于参考信号的估计算法；基于训练序列的信道估计算法适用于突发传输方式的系统；通过发送已知的训练序列，在接收端进行初始的信道估计，当发送有用的信息数据时，利用初始的信道估计结果进行一个判决更新，完成实时的信道估计；基于导频符号的信道估计适用于连续传输的系统，通过在发送的有用数据中插入已知的导频符号，可以得到导频位置的信道估计结果，接着利用导频位置的信道估计结果，通过内插得到有用数据位置的信道估计结果，完成信道估计。
(2)盲估计：利用调制信号本身固有的、与具体承载信息比特无关的一些特征，或是采用判决反馈的方法来进行信道估计的方法；
(3)半盲估计：结合盲估计与基于训练序列估计这两种方法优点的信道估计方法；一般来讲，通过设计训练序列或在数据中周期性地插入导频符号来进行估计的方法比较常用。
本发明实施例中，对于用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10，基站根据接收到的导频数据Y(长度为12的向量)以及压缩感知算法进行信道估计；对于用户设备20，基站则根据接收到的导频数据(长度为36的向量)以及原始的LTE方法进行信道估计。具体地，对于用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10，基于前述得到的用户设备集合{1，7，10}，可先将用户设备7和用户设备10进行屏蔽，基于前述导频序列对用户设备1进行信道估计。同理，可对用户设备7、和用户设备10进行信道估计。采用屏蔽其余用户，依次对某一个用户设备进行单独信道估计的方式，即前述所说的数据均衡。
需要说明的是，在本发明实施例的其它可选方式中，基站在子帧k上扩展导频符号(符号1)上接收用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10的导频数据，在常规导频符号(符号3和10)上接收用户设备20的导频数据。扩展导频符号上所接收到的导频数据为用户设备1、用户设备7、用户设备10的混合数据，可以用下式表示：
Y＝H1*S1+H7*S7+H10*S10+N0
其中，Y表示基站接收到的导频数据，S1、S7、S10分别为用户设备1、用户设备7及用户设备10的导频序列，Hi为用户设备i的信道，N0为高斯白噪声。
进一步地，上述公式可以抽象为如下的压缩感知问题：
Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0
其中，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。xi(1≤i≤N)表示用户i是否发送导频数据，如果发送数据，xi＝Hi，否则xi＝0。在上例中，x1＝H1，x7＝H7，x10＝H10。此外，上述公式中的T表示转置，即行向量与列向量之间的相互转置。需要说明的是，由于同一用户设备在不同RE上的信道系数在资源组内比较接近，因此对每一个用户设备的信道可以直接用一个系数Hi来表示，对应的误差体现在N0中。
由于在[x1 x2 … xN]中，只有少量元素不为0，即在URLLC和mMTC场景下，只有少量用户设备会在同一子帧发送上行数据，因此[x1 x2 … xN]满足稀疏特性，此时的用户激活检测问题可以抽象为如下的压缩感知问题：
Y＝S·X+N0
其中，S＝[S1 S2 … SN]，X＝[x1 x2 … xN]T
因此，在基站侧(即接收端)可以利用少量的导频频域数据和压缩感知恢复算法，来对发送数据的多个用户设备集合进行恢复，得到发送所述导频数据的多个用户设备的粗信道估计结果[x1 x2 … xN]，即，[H1 H2 … HN]。之后，可根据粗信道估计结果进行信道估计和数据均衡。其中，具体的信道估计和数据均衡过程如前所述，在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例的上行免授权用户激活检测方法，先根据每个资源组内的资源块确定每个资源组内复用用户设备的总数目，并在基站侧及用户设备侧同时为每一所述用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同所述导频序列之间的互相关性较低，之后，在任意一个上行子帧上，用户设备通过免授权机制发送数据，基站在该子帧的扩展导频符号的频域位置上接收适用于压缩感知算法的用户设备 的导频数据，在该子帧的常规导频符号的频域位置上接收其它用户设备的导频数据，接着根据资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的所述用户设备，最后根据所述用户设备集合对每个所述用户设备进行信道估计和数据均衡。本发明实施例将免授权的激活检测问题抽象为压缩感知问题，并在基站侧通过压缩感知算法确定出了发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备及粗信道估计结果，为后续处理过程(如信道估计)提供了基础，从而为免授权性能提供了保障。且，本发明实施例在传统LTE帧结构的基础上扩展出一扩展导频符号，同时使得扩展导频符号和常规导频符号共存以适用于不同的用户设备进行数据发送，更能满足数据发送需求。此外，相比于传统技术中基于正交导频序列的用户激活检测方法，本发明实施例所提供的方法可以有效地支持更多用户设备进行上行数据发送。
请参考图8，是本发明第一实施例提供的上行免授权用户激活检测装置的示意图。如图所示，该终端可以包括：
确定单元10，用于确定每个资源组内复用的用户设备，并为每一所述用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同的所述导频序列之间具有低的互相关性；具体地，该互相关性低于0.1；
接收单元11，用于在任一子帧的扩展导频符号接收导频数据；
该确定单元10还用于根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备。
具体地，所述确定单元11具体用于：
根据每个所述资源组内的资源块个数确定复用的所述用户设备。
具体地，所述确定单元11具体用于：
利用公式Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述 导频序列的用户设备集合。
可选地，所述确定单元11还用于：
利用公式Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。
本发明实施例的上行免授权用户激活检测装置，先通过确定单元11根据每个资源组内的资源块确定每个资源组内复用用户设备的总数目，并在基站侧及用户设备侧同时为每一所述用户分配一导频序列，且不同所述导频序列之间的互相关性较低，之后，在任意一个上行子帧上，至少一个用户设备通过免授权机制发送数据，基站在任一子帧上的扩展导频符号上通过接收单元11接收导频数据，最后通过确定单元10根据资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，即确定出发送所述导频数据的用户设备集合。本发明实施例将免授权的用户设备激活检测问题抽象为压缩感知问题，并在基站侧通过压缩感知算法确定出了发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，为后续处理过程(如信道估计)提供了基础，从而为免授权性能提供了保障。此外，相比于传统技术中基于正交导频序列的用户激活检测方法，本发明实施例所提供的方法可以有效地支持更多用户设备进行上行数据发送。
请参考图9，是本发明第二实施例提供的上行免授权用户激活检测终端的示意图。如图所示，该终端可以包括：确定单元20、接收单元21及处理单元22。
其中，本实施例中所涉及的帧结构是一种5G技术中的新空口设计，即该帧结构是完全不同于LTE的帧结构，具体包括帧结构配置及基本调度单元等方面。该帧结构包括两个时隙(slot)，每一时隙的长度为0.5ms，且每一时隙中具有相同的配置结构，每一时隙均包括七个符号。例如，第一时隙(slot1)包括符号0、符号1、符号2、符号3、符号4、符号5及符号6。可以定义每 一时隙的符号3为扩展导频符号，用于承载导频数据。在该子帧中，可以以至少一个时隙作为基本调度单元。
具体地，所述确定单元20具体用于：
根据每个所述资源组内的复用用户设备确定接收所述导频数据的扩展导频符号的频域位置；
所述接收单元21用于在所述频域位置接收所述导频数据。
进一步地，所述接收单元21还用于：
在所述子帧接收发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备发送的用户数据，其中，在接收所述导频数据的频域位置以外的时频资源接收所述用户数据。
具体地，处理单元22用于对确定的至少一个所述用户设备进行信道估计和数据均衡。
需要说明的是，本实施例中的确定单元20、接收单元21的其余功能与第一实施例类似，故在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例的上行免授权用户激活检测装置，先通过确定单元20根据每个资源组内的资源块确定每个资源组内复用用户设备的总数目，并在基站侧及用户设备侧同时为每一所述用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同所述导频序列之间的互相关性较低，之后，在任意一个上行子帧上，用户设备通过免授权机制发送数据，基站在该子帧的扩展导频符号的频域位置上通过接收单元21接收导频数据，在接收所述导频数据的频域位置以外的时频资源接收所述用户数据，接着通过确定单元20根据资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的所述用户设备，最后通过处理单元22根据所述用户设备集合对每个所述用户设备进行信道估计和数据均衡。本发明实施例将免授权的激活检测问题抽象为压缩感知问题，并在基站侧通过压缩感知算法确定出了发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备及粗信道估计结果，为后续处理过程(如信道估计)提供了基础，从而为免授权性能提供了保障。此外，相比于传统技术中基于正交导频序列的用户激活检测方法，本发明实施例所提供的方法可以有效地支持更多用 户设备进行上行数据发送。
可选地，在本发明的另一实施例中，所涉及的帧结构是一种对现有LTE中所采用的帧结构的改进。每一所述子帧为基本调度单元，所述子帧包括十四个符号其中，符号3和符号10作为常规导频符号，用于接收不适用于压缩感知算法的用户设备所发送的导频数据，符号1作为扩展导频符号，用于接收适用于压缩感知算法的用户设备所发送的导频数据。具体地，在该实施例中，所述接收单元21还用于在所述子帧的常规导频符号接收其他所述用户设备的导频数据；处理单元22还用于根据所述常规导频符号内的导频数据对发送该导频数据的所述用户设备进行信道估计。
该实施例在传统LTE帧结构的基础上扩展出一扩展导频符号，同时使得扩展导频符号和常规导频符号共存以适用于不同的用户设备进行数据发送，更能满足数据发送需求。此外，相比于传统技术中基于正交导频序列的用户激活检测方法，该实施例所提供的方法可以有效地支持更多用户设备进行上行数据发送。
需要说明的是，图8及图9所示装置的具体工作流程已在前述方法部分做了详述，故在此不再赘述。
图10是本发明实施例中提供的一种基站的结构示意图，如图所示，该基站包括：至少一个处理器301，例如CPU，至少一个通信接口303，存储器304，至少一个总线302。其中，总线302用于实现这些组件之间的连接通信。其中，通信接口303可以包括显示屏(Display)、键盘(Keyboard)，可选通信接口303还可以包括标准的有线接口、无线接口。存储器304可以包括易失性存储器(Volatile Memory)，例如随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)；存储器也可以包括非易失性存储器(Non-Volatile Memory)，例如只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、快闪存储器(Flash Memory)、硬盘(Hard Disk Drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(Solid-State Drive，SSD)；存储器204还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。存储器304可选的还可以是至少一个位于远离前述处理器301的存储装置。其中存储器204中存储一组程序代码，且处理器301 调用存储器304中存储的程序代码，用于执行以下操作：
确定每个资源组内复用的用户设备，并为每一所述用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同的所述导频序列之间具有低的互相关性；
在任一子帧的扩展导频符号接收导频数据；
根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备。
进一步地，处理器301还用于执行以下操作：
根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果。
具体地，处理器301用于执行以下操作：
根据每个所述资源组内的资源块个数确定复用的所述用户设备。
具体地，处理器301用于执行以下操作：
根据每个所述资源组内的复用用户设备确定接收所述导频数据的扩展导频符号的频域位置；
在所述频域位置接收所述导频数据。
进一步地，处理器301还用于执行以下操作：
在所述子帧接收发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备发送的用户数据，其中，在接收所述导频数据的频域位置以外的时频资源接收所述用户数据。
进一步地，在确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备后，处理器301还用于执行以下操作：
对确定的至少一个所述用户设备进行信道估计和数据均衡。
进一步地，处理器301还用于执行以下操作：
在所述子帧的常规导频符号接收其他所述用户设备的导频数据；
根据所述常规导频符号内的导频数据对发送该导频数据的所述用户设备进行信道估计。
具体地，根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导 频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备具体包括：
利用公式Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。
具体地，根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备及所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果具体包括：
利用公式Y＝[S1 S2 … SN]·[x1 x2 … xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备及所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1 S2 … SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2 … xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。
本发明实施例中，将免授权的激活检测问题抽象为压缩感知问题，并在基站侧通过压缩感知算法确定出发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，为后续处理过程(如信道估计)提供了基础，从而为免授权性能提供了保障。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
此外，在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的方法、装置及基站，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合 或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本发明实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
本发明实施例方法中的步骤可以根据实际需要进行顺序调整、合并和删减。
本发明实施例终端中的单元可以根据实际需要进行合并、划分和删减。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法，其特征在于，包括：
    确定每个资源组内复用的用户设备，并为每一所述用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同的所述导频序列之间具有低的互相关性；
    在任一子帧的扩展导频符号接收至少一个用户设备发送的导频数据；
    根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，包括：
    根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果；
    根据所述粗信道估计结果确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个用户设备。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，确定每个资源组内复用的用户设备，包括：
    根据每个所述资源组内的资源块个数确定复用的所述用户设备。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在任一子帧的扩展导频符号接收导频数据具体包括：
    根据每个所述资源组内的复用用户设备确定接收所述导频数据的扩展导频符号的频域位置；
    在所述频域位置接收所述导频数据。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述子帧接收发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备发送的用户 数据，其中，在接收所述导频数据的频域位置以外的时频资源接收所述用户数据。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备后，所述方法还包括：
    对确定的至少一个所述用户设备进行信道估计和数据均衡。
  7. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述子帧的常规导频符号接收其他所述用户设备的导频数据；
    根据所述常规导频符号内的导频数据对发送该导频数据的所述用户设备进行信道估计。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备具体包括：
    利用公式Y＝[S1 S2…SN]·[x1 x2…xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1S2…SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2…xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。
  9. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果具体包括：
    利用公式Y＝[S1 S2…SN]·[x1 x2…xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1S2…SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2…xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备的粗信道估计结果的集合。
  10. 一种上行免授权用户激活检测装置，其特征在于，包括：
    确定单元，用于确定每个资源组内复用的用户设备，并为每一所述用户设备分配一导频序列，且不同的所述导频序列之间具有低的互相关性；
    接收单元，用于在任一子帧的扩展导频符号接收导频数据；
    所述确定单元还用于根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定单元还用于：
    根据该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列、所述扩展导频符号内的导频数据及压缩感知算法确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定单元具体用于：
    根据每个所述资源组内的资源块个数确定复用的所述用户设备。
  13. 如权利要求10或11所述的终端，其特征在于，所述确定单元具体用于：
    根据每个所述资源组内的复用用户设备确定接收所述导频数据的扩展导频符号的频域位置；
    所述接收单元用于在所述频域位置接收所述导频数据。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述接收单元还用于：
    在所述子帧接收发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备发送的用户数据，其中，在接收所述导频数据的频域位置以外的时频资源接收所述用户数据。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    处理单元，用于对确定的至少一个所述用户设备进行信道估计和数据均衡。
  16. 如权利要求10或11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述接收单元还用于在所述子帧的常规导频符号接收其他所述用户设备的导频数据；
    所述装置还包括：
    处理单元，用于根据所述常规导频符号内的导频数据对发送该导频数据的所述用户设备进行信道估计。
  17. 如权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定单元具体用于：
    利用公式Y＝[S1 S2…SN]·[x1 x2…xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1S2…SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2…xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。
  18. 如权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定单元具体用于：
    利用公式Y＝[S1 S2…SN]·[x1 x2…xN]T+N0确定发送所述导频数据的至少一个所述用户设备的粗信道估计结果，其中，Y为接收的导频数据，N0为高斯白噪声，[S1S2…SN]为该资源组复用的所有用户设备的所述导频序列的集合，[x1 x2…xN]为发送所述导频序列的用户设备集合。
  19. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括：处理器、存储器、通信接口和总线；所述处理器、所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述总线连接并完成相互间的通信；所述存储器存储可执行程序代码；所述处理器通过读取所述存储器中存储的可执行程序代码来运行与所述可执行程序代码对应的程序，以用于执行一种上行免授权用户激活检测方法；其中，所述方法为如权利要求1至9任一项所述的方法。
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