WO2018126577A1 - 一种车辆热交换系统及具有该车辆热交换系统的车辆 - Google Patents

一种车辆热交换系统及具有该车辆热交换系统的车辆 Download PDF

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WO2018126577A1
WO2018126577A1 PCT/CN2017/084150 CN2017084150W WO2018126577A1 WO 2018126577 A1 WO2018126577 A1 WO 2018126577A1 CN 2017084150 W CN2017084150 W CN 2017084150W WO 2018126577 A1 WO2018126577 A1 WO 2018126577A1
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unit
heat exchange
vehicle
current
thermoelectric
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PCT/CN2017/084150
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English (en)
French (fr)
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庄凯
张嘉羽
陈海涛
李玉钦
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上海爱斯达克汽车空调系统有限公司
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Publication of WO2018126577A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018126577A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00478—Air-conditioning devices using the Peltier effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/003—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using thermionic electron cooling effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F25B2321/021—Control thereof
    • F25B2321/0212—Control thereof of electric power, current or voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle control, and more particularly to a vehicle heat exchange system and a vehicle having the vehicle heat exchange system.
  • the conventional automobile heat exchanger adopts a heat exchange method in which the compressor is cooled and the engine waste heat is used for heating.
  • the compressor when the compressor is cooled, it is driven by an automobile engine, and the engine will reduce its own power performance for the power driving side due to the configuration requirement.
  • the compressor adopts mechanical means to achieve heat exchange, and the temperature control accuracy is poor. It is impossible to achieve precise adjustment in the heat distribution of 0.1 metric level.
  • the vibration of the compressor during operation not only shortens its life, but also generates a lot of noise, which affects the reliability and comfort of the car exchanger.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle heat exchange system and a vehicle having the vehicle heat exchange system, which can completely remove the compressor and the coolant in the original vehicle heat exchange system, thereby further
  • the environmentally friendly form provides heat exchange to the user.
  • the invention discloses a vehicle heat exchange system, comprising a power module and a heat exchange module, wherein the power module comprises a photovoltaic power unit and a battery unit, respectively connected to the heat exchange module,
  • the heat exchange module provides electrical energy, wherein the photovoltaic power unit converts light energy into the electrical energy, the battery unit acquires electrical energy through an AC/DC input;
  • the heat exchange module includes a thermoelectric unit and an adjustment unit; the thermoelectric unit Connecting with the photovoltaic power unit and/or the battery unit, absorbing or dissipating heat according to the input current direction and size of the photovoltaic power unit and/or the battery unit; the adjusting unit is connected to the thermoelectric unit to transmit the heat to Inside the vehicle or absorb heat from the vehicle.
  • the thermoelectric unit comprises: an N-type semiconductor, a P-type semiconductor and a ceramic substrate; the N-type semiconductor and the P-type semiconductor comprise a cold end and a hot end, wherein the cold end and the hot end are sandwiched in two Between ceramic substrates.
  • thermoelectric unit includes a first current end and a second current end; the first current end and the second current end are connected to the N-type semiconductor and the P-type semiconductor to supply current to the thermoelectric unit.
  • the ceramic substrate located at the first end of the thermoelectric unit is an endothermic cold end, and the ceramic substrate located at the second end of the thermoelectric unit is placed a hot end; when the first current end outputs a current and the second current end inputs a current, the ceramic substrate located at the first end of the thermoelectric unit is an exothermic hot end, and the ceramic substrate located at the second end of the thermoelectric unit is Endothermic cold end.
  • the adjusting unit comprises an air inlet duct and an air outlet duct; the air inlet duct is in communication with the thermoelectric unit, and the air outlet duct communicates with one or more air outlets in the vehicle.
  • the vehicle heat exchange system further includes a power control unit; the power control unit is disposed between the power module and the thermoelectric module, and adjusts a magnitude and a direction of current supplied by the power module to the thermoelectric module.
  • the present invention also provides a vehicle including the above vehicle heat exchange system.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a vehicle heat exchange system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vehicle heat exchange system includes a power module and a heat exchange module.
  • the power module supplies power to the heat exchange module, and the heat exchange module conducts heat in and out of the vehicle according to user requirements.
  • the power module includes:
  • a photovoltaic power unit is a unit that receives solar energy and converts solar energy into electrical energy. When in use, the photovoltaic power unit needs to face the sun, absorb solar energy, and convert solar energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect.
  • the battery unit is another power supply unit device. It can be an existing vehicle battery in the vehicle or an additional battery designed for the vehicle heat exchange system.
  • the photovoltaic power unit and the battery unit are all connected to the heat exchange module, and simultaneously and/or respectively provide power to the heat exchange module.
  • the photovoltaic power unit and the battery unit can be powered simultaneously and/or separately.
  • the photovoltaic power unit can be set as the first power supply unit. When the energy of the photovoltaic power unit is exhausted or the weather is not good, it cannot be received.
  • the battery unit is used as the energy supply unit; or the battery unit is the first energy supply unit, and the power is obtained through the AC/DC input, and the heat exchange module is powered by the heat exchange module when the battery unit is exhausted. Start the photovoltaic power unit as the backup power source. Both methods can be implemented.
  • the heat exchange module includes:
  • thermoelectric unit is connected to the photovoltaic power unit and/or the battery unit, and converts the electrical energy provided by the photovoltaic power unit and/or the battery unit into cold/thermal energy by using the Peltier effect.
  • the conversion method will be detailed later. Said.
  • the cold energy will exchange heat with the vehicle to cool the interior space of the vehicle; similarly, heat energy will be supplied to the vehicle to heat the interior space of the vehicle.
  • the mode in which the thermoelectric unit provides cooling or heating and the speed of heat exchange will be determined by the direction and magnitude of the input current of the photovoltaic power unit and/or battery unit.
  • the regulating unit is connected to the thermoelectric unit, and the cold energy and the heat energy generated by the thermoelectric unit are transmitted to the internal space of the vehicle through the adjusting unit.
  • the regulating unit is in communication with the thermoelectric unit, and the adjusting unit includes an air inlet duct and an air outlet duct. After the heat energy and the cold energy are made, the heat and cold energy are communicated with the thermoelectric unit through the air inlet duct, and the air duct and the vehicle are in the air duct.
  • One or more air outlets such as the inside of the car and the rear of the car are connected to exchange heat between the inside and the outside.
  • the thermoelectric unit comprises: an N-type semiconductor, a P-type semiconductor, and a ceramic substrate.
  • the charge carriers on the N-type semiconductor and the P-type semiconductor move in the conductor to form a current, and as an N-type semiconductor and a P-type semiconductor form a galvanic couple, energy transfer occurs at one contact. Exotherm (or endotherm), and vice versa (or exotherm) on the other junction. That is, the heat on the two ceramic substrates is reversed when energized, one ceramic substrate is in a state of heat release, and the other is in an endothermic state.
  • the thermoelectric unit includes two current input or output terminals, which are a first current end and a second current end, respectively.
  • the first current terminal and the second current terminal are connected to the power module to receive current.
  • the first current end and the second current end are respectively connected to the N-type semiconductor and the P-type semiconductor, and a current is introduced into the thermoelectric unit.
  • the power unit can switch the meaning of the input and output of the first current end and the second current end.
  • the first current end can be used as a current input end
  • the second current end is used as a current output end
  • the first current end is used as a current output end
  • the second current end is used as a current input end.
  • thermoelectric unit When the first current end inputs a current and the second current end outputs a current, the ceramic substrate located at the first end of the thermoelectric unit is an endothermic cold end, and the ceramic substrate located at the second end of the thermoelectric unit is an exothermic hot end; Current output When the current is input to the second current end, the ceramic substrate located at the first end of the thermoelectric unit is an exothermic hot end, and the ceramic substrate located at the second end of the thermoelectric unit is an endothermic cold end.
  • the life of the thermoelectric unit can be fully extended by the configuration of reciprocal heat and cold.
  • the vehicle heat exchange system further includes a power control unit disposed between the power module and the hotspot module, and the current generated by the power module is adjusted in size and direction by the power control module.
  • a power control unit disposed between the power module and the hotspot module, and the current generated by the power module is adjusted in size and direction by the power control module.
  • an adjustable impedance or the like can be set to adjust the magnitude and direction of the current to switch the portion where the thermoelectric unit provides cold energy and thermal energy.
  • thermoelectric module for heat exchange, which can simultaneously cancel the use of the compressor and the refrigerant, and plays a driving role in environmental protection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种车辆热交换系统及具有该车辆热交换系统的车辆，该热交换系统包括电源模块及热交换模块，所述电源模块包括光伏电源单元及电池单元，分别与所述热交换模块连接，向所述热交换模块提供电能，其中所述光伏电源单元将光能转化为所述电能，所述电池单元通过交流/直流输入获取电能；所述热交换模块包括热电单元及调节单元；所述热电单元与所述光伏电源单元和/或电池单元连接，根据所述光伏电源单元和/或电池单元输入电流方向及大小吸收或发散热量；所述调节单元与所述热电单元连接，传递所述热量至车辆内或吸收车辆内热量，可为车辆提供更为可靠、安全、环保的热交换模式。

Description

一种车辆热交换系统及具有该车辆热交换系统的车辆 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆控制领域，尤其涉及一种车辆热交换系统及具有该车辆热交换系统的车辆。
背景技术
传统的汽车热交换器采用由压缩机制冷、发动机余热制热的热量交换方式。其中，在使用压缩机制冷时，是由汽车发动机驱动，发动机由于该配置要求，将降低自身用于动力驱动侧的动力性能。同时，压缩机采用机械方式实现热交换，温度控制精度较差，在0.1度量级的热量调配上无法实现精确调节。此外，压缩机在工作时的振动不仅缩短其寿命，而且产生大量噪音，影响了汽车交换器的可靠性和舒适性。
除上述技术问题外，最为主要的，制冷剂的使用破坏大气层中的臭氧，造成对环境的不可逆污染。
因此，需要一种可摆脱上述以压缩机为基础的热交换系统，为车辆提供更为可靠、安全、环保的热交换模式。
发明内容
为了克服上述技术缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种车辆热交换系统及具有该车辆热交换系统的车辆，可完全移除原有的车辆热交换系统中的压缩机及冷却液，以更为环保的形式向使用者提供热量交换。
本发明公开了一种车辆热交换系统，包括电源模块及热交换模块，所述电源模块包括光伏电源单元及电池单元，分别与所述热交换模块连接，向所 述热交换模块提供电能，其中所述光伏电源单元将光能转化为所述电能，所述电池单元通过交流/直流输入获取电能；所述热交换模块包括热电单元及调节单元；所述热电单元与所述光伏电源单元和/或电池单元连接，根据所述光伏电源单元和/或电池单元输入电流方向及大小吸收或发散热量；所述调节单元与所述热电单元连接，传递所述热量至车辆内或吸收车辆内热量。
优选地，所述热电单元包括：N型半导体、P型半导体及陶瓷基板；所述N型半导体及P型半导体包括冷端及热端，所述冷端及热端并联夹设在两所述陶瓷基板间。
优选地，所述热电单元包括第一电流端及第二电流端；所述第一电流端及第二电流端与所述N型半导体及P型半导体连接，向所述热电单元提供电流。
优选地，当所述第一电流端输入电流，第二电流端输出电流时，位于所述热电单元第一端的陶瓷基板为吸热冷端，位于所述热电单元第二端的陶瓷基板为放热热端；当所述第一电流端输出电流，第二电流端输入电流时，位于所述热电单元第一端的陶瓷基板为放热热端，位于所述热电单元第二端的陶瓷基板为吸热冷端。
优选地，所述调节单元包括进风道及出风道；所述进风道与所述热电单元连通，所述出风道与车辆内的一个或多个出风口连通。
优选地，所述车辆热交换系统还包括功率控制单元；所述功率控制单元设于所述电源模块与所述热电模块间，调整所述电源模块向所述热电模块提供的电流大小与方向。
本发明还提供了一种车辆，包括上述车辆热交换系统。
采用了上述技术方案后，与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：
1.使用时不会产生振动，更加可靠安全；
2.无需使用冷却剂，对环境零污染；
3.无需发动机提供电能，能量提供方式更加丰富。
附图说明
图1为符合本发明一优选实施例中车辆热交换系统的系统结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图与具体实施例进一步阐述本发明的优点。
参阅图1，为符合本发明一优选实施例中车辆热交换系统的示意图。该车辆热交换系统包括有电源模块及热交换模块，电源模块向热交换模块供电，热交换模块则将车辆内外的热量根据使用者需求定向地传导。
具体地，在该实施例中电源模块包括有：
-光伏电源单元
光伏电源单元为接收太阳能，并将太阳能转化为电能的单元设备。使用时，光伏电源单元需面向太阳，吸收太阳能，并通过光伏效应将太阳能转化为电能。
-电池单元
电池单元为另一电能提供单元设备。可以是车辆内已有的车辆电池，或是专为车辆热交换系统设置的附加电池。
上述光伏电源单元及电池单元均与热交换模块连接，同时和/或分别向热交换模块提供电能。如上所述的，光伏电源单元与电池单元可同时和/或分别供能，具体地，可设置光伏电源单元为第一供能单元，当光伏电源单元的能量耗尽或天气不佳，无法接收太阳能时，以电池单元为供能单元；亦或是电池单元为第一供能单元，通过交流/直流输入来获得点兵，并由其为热交换模块供能，当电池单元能量耗尽时，启动光伏电源单元为备用电源。两种方式皆可实施。
该实施例中，热交换模块包括有：
-热电单元
热电单元与光伏电源单元和/或电池单元连接，利用帕尔帖效应将光伏电源单元和/或电池单元提供的电能转化为冷能/热能。其转换方式将在后文详 述。
在具有上述冷能或热能后，冷能将与车辆内的热量交换，对车辆内部空间进行制冷；同样地，热能将提供至车辆内，对车辆内部空间进行制热。热电单元提供制冷或制热的模式及热量交换的速度将由光伏电源单元和/或电池单元输入电流方向及大小决定。
-调节单元
调节单元与热电单元连接，热电单元产生的冷能和热能均将通过调节单元传送至车辆内部空间。例如，调节单元与热电单元连通，同时调节单元包括进风道和出风道，热能和冷能制成后，通过进风道与热电单元连通接收热能和冷能，出风道与车辆内的一个或多个如车内部前方、车内部后方等的出风口连通，进行内外热量交换。
在一优选实施例中，热电单元包括：N型半导体、P型半导体及陶瓷基板。N型半导体与P型半导体为多个，并间隔地排布在两陶瓷基本所夹的空间内。通过对热电单元的通电，使得N型半导体及P型半导体上的电荷载体在导体中运动形成电流，并随着一块N型半导体和一块P型半导体结成电偶，发生能量转移，在一个接点上放热(或吸热)，在另一个接点上相反地吸热(或放热)。也即两陶瓷基板上的热量在通电后时时相反，一块陶瓷基板呈放热状态，而另一块则呈吸热状态。
为控制两陶瓷基板的进一步热量交换模式，热电单元包括有两个电流输入或输出端，分别为第一电流端及第二电流端。第一电流端及第二电流端与电源模块连接，以接收电流。该第一电流端与第二电流端分别与N型半导体及P型半导体连接，引入电流至热电单元内。
可知的是，电源单元可切换第一电流端及第二电流端的输入输出意义。具体地，可将第一电流端作为电流输入端，第二电流端作为电流输出端，或是第一电流端作为电流输出端，第二电流端作为电流输入端。当第一电流端输入电流，第二电流端输出电流时，位于热电单元第一端的陶瓷基板为吸热冷端，位于所述热电单元第二端的陶瓷基板为放热热端；当第一电流端输出 电流，第二电流端输入电流时，位于热电单元第一端的陶瓷基板为放热热端，位于所述热电单元第二端的陶瓷基板为吸热冷端。通过冷热作用互易的配置，可充分延长热电单元的使用寿命。
在车辆热交换系统内，还包括有功率控制单元，其设置在电源模块与热点模块间，电源模块产生的电流将经功率控制模块调节大小和方向。具体地，例如可设置可调阻抗等方式调节电流大小和方向，以切换热电单元提供冷能和热能的部位。
具有上述配置后，可替换目前车辆内使用的热交换器，如车用空调等，利用热电模块进行热交换，可同时取消压缩机及制冷剂的使用，对于环境的保护起到了推动性的作用。
应当注意的是，本发明的实施例有较佳的实施性，且并非对本发明作任何形式的限制，任何熟悉该领域的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容变更或修饰为等同的有效实施例，但凡未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何修改或等同变化及修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种车辆热交换系统，包括电源模块及热交换模块，其特征在于，
    所述电源模块包括光伏电源单元及电池单元，分别与所述热交换模块连接，向所述热交换模块提供电能，其中
    所述光伏电源单元将光能转化为所述电能，所述电池单元通过交流/直流输入获取电能；
    所述热交换模块包括热电单元及调节单元；
    所述热电单元与所述光伏电源单元和/或电池单元连接，根据所述光伏电源单元和/或电池单元输入电流方向及大小吸收或发散热量；
    所述调节单元与所述热电单元连接，传递所述热量至车辆内或吸收车辆内热量。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的车辆热交换系统，其特征在于，
    所述热电单元包括：N型半导体、P型半导体及陶瓷基板；
    所述N型半导体及P型半导体包括冷端及热端，所述冷端及热端并联夹设在两所述陶瓷基板间。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的车辆热交换系统，其特征在于，
    所述热电单元包括第一电流端及第二电流端；
    所述第一电流端及第二电流端与所述N型半导体及P型半导体连接，向所述热电单元提供电流。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的车辆热交换系统，其特征在于，
    当所述第一电流端输入电流，第二电流端输出电流时，位于所述热电单元第一端的陶瓷基板为吸热冷端，位于所述热电单元第二端的陶瓷基板为放热热端；
    当所述第一电流端输出电流，第二电流端输入电流时，位于所述热电单元第一端的陶瓷基板为放热热端，位于所述热电单元第二端的陶瓷基板为吸热冷端。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的车辆热交换系统，其特征在于，
    所述调节单元包括进风道及出风道；
    所述进风道与所述热电单元连通，所述出风道与车辆内的一个或多个出风口连通。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的车辆热交换系统，其特征在于，
    所述车辆热交换系统还包括功率控制单元；
    所述功率控制单元设于所述电源模块与所述热电模块间，调整所述电源模块向所述热电模块提供的电流大小与方向。
  7. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆包括如权利要求1-6任一项所述的车辆热交换系统。
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