WO2018124160A1 - ウナギ目魚類の飼育水及びウナギ目魚類の育成方法 - Google Patents
ウナギ目魚類の飼育水及びウナギ目魚類の育成方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018124160A1 WO2018124160A1 PCT/JP2017/046842 JP2017046842W WO2018124160A1 WO 2018124160 A1 WO2018124160 A1 WO 2018124160A1 JP 2017046842 W JP2017046842 W JP 2017046842W WO 2018124160 A1 WO2018124160 A1 WO 2018124160A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stage
- thyroid hormone
- eel
- larvae
- breeding water
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 241000252073 Anguilliformes Species 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 229940036555 thyroid hormone Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000005495 thyroid hormone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- AUYYCJSJGJYCDS-LBPRGKRZSA-N Thyrolar Chemical class IC1=CC(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC=C(O)C(I)=C1 AUYYCJSJGJYCDS-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-GFCCVEGCSA-N D-thyroxine Chemical compound IC1=CC(C[C@@H](N)C(O)=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940034208 thyroxine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N thyroxine-binding globulin Natural products IC1=CC(CC([NH3+])C([O-])=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010027476 Metastases Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009401 metastasis Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- -1 thyroxine Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 241000522084 Leptocephalus Species 0.000 description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 241000252087 Anguilla japonica Species 0.000 description 11
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000251730 Chondrichthyes Species 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- HZCBWYNLGPIQRK-LBPRGKRZSA-N 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine Chemical compound IC1=CC(C[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O)=CC=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 HZCBWYNLGPIQRK-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000270722 Crocodylidae Species 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SHGAZHPCJJPHSC-YCNIQYBTSA-N all-trans-retinoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C SHGAZHPCJJPHSC-YCNIQYBTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- LNNWVNGFPYWNQE-GMIGKAJZSA-N desomorphine Chemical compound C1C2=CC=C(O)C3=C2[C@]24CCN(C)[C@H]1[C@@H]2CCC[C@@H]4O3 LNNWVNGFPYWNQE-GMIGKAJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003574 melanophore Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930002330 retinoic acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960001727 tretinoin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZHSOTLOTTDYIIK-ZDUSSCGKSA-N (2S)-2-amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]propanoic acid Chemical compound IC1=CC(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZHSOTLOTTDYIIK-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001303562 Centrolophus niger Species 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000239366 Euphausiacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-LBPRGKRZSA-N L-thyroxine Chemical compound IC1=CC(C[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000204801 Muraenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251778 Squalus acanthias Species 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000436 anus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000833 heterodimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950008325 levothyroxine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004660 morphological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003458 notochord Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/184—Hormones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to breeding water for eel fishes containing hormones related to metamorphosis and to a method for breeding eels using the breeding water.
- Eel larvae are called Leptocephalus larvae, but they are also called leaf-shaped larvae because they are shaped like leaves (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- Anguilla japonica Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica)
- larvae of Leptocefalus have been successfully bred using a feed based on shark eggs.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica)
- fortified fortified feeds with low molecular weight soybean peptides, krill extract, vitamins, etc. have been developed based on shark eggs.
- chicken eggs can also be used as an alternative to shark eggs (see Patent Document 2).
- feed based on shark eggs is said to be the best in terms of growth.
- Paste diets based on shark eggs such as the black shark have been developed in accordance with the palatability and digestibility of Japanese eel leptocephalus larvae (see Non-Patent Document 2). It has become possible to artificially produce glass eels. In nature, it takes about 160-180 days for the glass eels to hatch after hatching (see Non-Patent Document 3), and the total length of glass eels collected in nature is about 60 mm. It is considered that the maximum extension period, that is, the body size that can be transformed is 60 mm or more in total length. On the other hand, the artificially produced Leptocephalus larvae have a transformable size of 50-60 mm in total length.
- Non-Patent Document 5 To grow to that size, shark egg feed is usually used for long-term breeding for more than 200 days. There are some individuals that require more than 400 days (see Non-Patent Document 5). There is concern that such a prolonged seedling production period has led to a decrease in survival rate and an increase in production costs. Furthermore, even when the body size that can be transformed is reached, the timing for starting transformation varies greatly depending on the individual (see Non-Patent Document 6). For seedling production, it is essential to produce individuals with the same size and the same growth stage. If there are large individual differences among seedlings, there will be greater concerns about growth differences and cannibalism after ponding. Therefore, it is very difficult to produce glass eel as a seedling by the current method. Therefore, in order to embody artificial seedling production, it is necessary to shorten the production period of glass eels and to produce a uniform number of glass eels of the same size.
- the present invention has been made in order to meet the demands in the art in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to appropriately apply hormones involved in metamorphosis to Leptocephalus larvae.
- the purpose is to artificially control, for example, transformation into glass eel by using it, resulting in shortening the production period and producing glass eel with the same size and shape.
- the breeding water for eel fishes of the present invention contains thyroid hormone.
- An example of a thyroid hormone is thyroxine. That is, the breeding water of the present invention preferably contains thyroxine.
- the breeding water of the present invention may further contain vitamins.
- the breeding water for eel fishes of the present invention can be used as breeding water for eel larvae.
- a feed to which thyroid hormone is added can be preferably used.
- the method for breeding eel fishes of the present invention includes a step of administering thyroid hormone to eel larvae.
- the method of breeding eelfishes is particularly effective when raising eelfish larvae.
- This method is preferably such that the dose of thyroid hormone in the peak metamorphosis (stage 2) is less than the dose of thyroid hormone in the metamorphosis initiation stage (stage 1).
- the dose of thyroid hormone in the late metamorphosis (stage 3) is preferably smaller than the dose of thyroid hormone in the metamorphosis (stage 2).
- the dose of thyroid hormone in the metamorphosis period (stage 2) is 0.05 to 0.5, assuming that the dose of thyroid hormone in the metamorphosis start stage (stage 1) is 1.
- the dose of thyroid hormone in the late metamorphosis (stage 3) is 0.001 to 0.05.
- An example of the process of administering thyroid hormone is: Mixing thyroid hormone with food and administering thyroid hormone to eel larvae, Mixing thyroid hormone in the breeding water and administering thyroid hormone to eel larvae, and administering thyroid hormone directly to eel larvae, Any one or two or more.
- the breeding method developed in the present invention can shorten the breeding period and stabilize glass eel production as a seedling by controlling the growth of target fish, particularly Japanese eel larvae.
- FIG. 1 is a photograph replacing a drawing showing the breeding status of eel larvae in the examples.
- thyroid hormone such as thyroid hormone
- the transformation is started, and the administration concentration is changed in several stages at an appropriate developmental stage in the transformation process, thereby causing the presence of eels such as white eels.
- eels such as white eels.
- Breeding water means water that raises eels (especially larvae of eels), and eels are raised in the breeding water.
- thyroid hormones examples include thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3), and diiodothyronine (T2).
- T4 thyroxine
- T3 triiodothyronine
- rT3 reverse triiodothyronine
- T2 diiodothyronine
- T4 thyroxine
- T3 triiodothyronine
- rT3 reverse triiodothyronine
- T2 diiodothyronine
- Thyroid hormone is preferably used in the range of 100 ⁇ M to 1 pM in the breeding water.
- These hormones may be used in the range of 10 nM to 100 pM in the breeding water.
- the breeding water of the present invention can be administered to a subject by such a method that it is added as a part of food or administered by injection if the target species is in a state where it can absorb hormones in the body.
- vitamins and derivatives thereof may be added simultaneously with thyroid hormone.
- vitamins are vitamin A, retinoic acid and vitamin C.
- retinoic acid is effective because it forms a heterodimer with thyroid hormone.
- the method of the present invention can be performed in a still water condition or under flowing water. It is desirable to use the water temperature in the range of 20 ° C to 28 ° C. Furthermore, it is desirable to use in the range of 22 ° C to 26 ° C. During induction, it is desirable to keep the animals while aeration of oxygen.
- the water contained in the breeding water used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited. Tap water, ground water, hot spring water, natural sea water, distilled water, deionized water, or the like may be used, or commercially available artificial sea water based on the above water may be used. Further, the salt concentration is not limited, but 0-40 ⁇ is desirable. Furthermore, the range of 20-35 ⁇ is desirable.
- the water tank for storing the target fish is not particularly limited.
- the method of the present invention can be used from a 100 mL capacity small water tank to a several hundred ton class large water tank.
- the target species using the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably a larvae of Leptocephalus larvae. Further, it is preferably a eel genus Leptocephalus larva such as Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica). Examples of eelfish are eels, eels, sea cucumbers and morays. Of these, eel is preferred. In addition, since eel fishes grow through Leptocephalus larvae, the following explanation will focus on eels, but other eel fishes can be bred in the same manner.
- the body size of Leptocephalus larvae is not particularly limited as a target size using the method of the present invention, but in the case of Japanese eel Leptocephalus larvae, the total length is preferably 36 mm or more. Furthermore, it is desirable that the total length is 40 mm or more.
- Stage 1 Transformation start phase. The rostral tip is rounded and the intestinal tract begins to retract.
- Stage 2 The peak of transformation. Intestinal retraction becomes prominent. In the second half, the anus reaches near the final vertical blood vessel (VBVlast).
- Stage 3 Late metamorphosis. Anterior anal length (PAL) is equal to or shorter than final vertical vessel length (VBVlast Length) (PAL ⁇ VBVlast Length). The height is clearly low.
- Stage 4 Pre-sea eel season. Although it is almost in the form of an eel, it is still tall. The body surface and endogenous melanophores are not yet found. Crocodile period: fry period. You can confirm feeding.
- Thyroid hormone eg, thyroxine (T4)
- T4 Thyroid hormone
- a known solvent water, alcohol
- ethanol ethanol
- ethanol is diluted 500 times, 5000 times, and 50000 times with ethanol as a solvent, and adjusted to 10 ⁇ M, 1 ⁇ M, and 100 nM, respectively. In this way, the feed can be adjusted.
- Breeding water is exchanged once every two days and half of it is replaced with breeding water of the same concentration.
- concentration for example, when changing from 10 nM to 2 nM, 80% of the breeding water is removed and new unadjusted artificial seawater is added to adjust to 1L.
- Leptocephalus larva preparation and rearing method A Leptocephalus larvae that is considered to have reached a total length of 40 mm (or 30 mm to 50 mm, 35 mm to 45 mm, 35 mm or more, 40 mm or more, or 45 mm or more) by visual inspection is selected. After anesthesia with 2-phenoxyethanol, take a picture and measure the total length of each larvae using an image analyzer.
- nM-T4 breeding water After housing in 10 nM-T4 breeding water, house in an incubator set at 23 ° C. and start breeding. For the first week, follow up every two days and replace half of the 10nM-T4 breeding water each time.
- Examples of the average amount of thyroid hormone in the breeding water of stage 1 are 1 nM to 100 nM, 3 nM to 30 nM, or 5 nM to 20 nM.
- Larvae that are judged to have reached the second half of Stage 2 by visual inspection will change the concentration of the breeding water.
- the breeding water is diluted 5 times or 10 times, adjusted to 2 nM or 1 nM-T4, and then reared.
- the average amount of thyroid hormone in the breeding water of stage 2 may be 2 to 20 times diluted compared to that of stage 1 or 3 to 15 times as above. It may be diluted up to 10 times. Examples of the average amount of thyroid hormone in the breeding water of stage 2 are 0.1 nM to 20 nM, 0.5 nM to 10 nM, 1 nM to 5 nM, or 1 nM to 2 nM.
- the larvae that have reached stage 3 are promptly changed to 0.2 nM-T4 breeding water obtained by diluting 1 nM-T4 breeding water 5 times, and then changed to 0.1 nM-T4 breeding water the next day. It may be reduced directly to 0.1 nM-T4 concentration. Even in the larvae whose anal position has not reached the final vertical vascular spine, if it is determined that it is immediately before stage 3, the concentration is changed to the above-described concentration.
- the average amount of thyroid hormone in the breeding water of stage 3 may be diluted 2 to 50 times compared to that of stage 2 or 4 to 6 times even if diluted 3 to 15 times Even those diluted to 5 may be diluted 5 times as described above.
- Examples of the average amount of thyroid hormone in the breeding water of stage 3 are 0.01 nM to 2 nM, 0.05 nM to 1 nM, 0.1 nM to 0.5 nM, 0.1 nM to 0.2 nM Good. As described above, when the larva reaches stage 3, the concentration of thyroid hormone in the breeding water may be gradually reduced. In other words, the concentration of thyroid hormone in the breeding water may not be detected during the stage 3.
- Stage 3 is continuously raised with 0.1 nM-T4 breeding water.
- Larvae whose body height gradually decreases and is considered to have reached stage 4 and have reached the body shape of glass eel are taken up from T4 breeding water and then reared in fresh water or under sea water. From stage 4 onwards, hormone treatment is not required.
- the breeding method may be any form such as pouring or water stopping. If melanophores are gradually deposited on the surface of the body and the upper part of the notochord, give frozen red caterpillars or live earthworms as appropriate, and observe whether they can be fed. If feeding can be observed, it is judged that the internal form has completely shifted to the eel type, that is, it has reached crocodile (fry), and seedling production is completed. Since natural seedlings are generally white eels that are in the middle of transformation and stage 4 and later are used as seedlings, seedling production may be completed when stage 4 is reached for convenience.
- Treatment in a dark room is preferred to avoid hormone degradation during treatment.
- the evaluation of the transformation stage may be judged by visual observation, but in order to obtain a stable result, the body side is photographed after being accommodated in a transparent acrylic container that can accommodate a fish body, for example, an internal volume, width 10 cm ⁇ length 5 cm ⁇ width 1 cm. It is preferable to take a picture and determine the position of the anterior anal length using image analysis software such as ImageJ (NIH).
- image analysis software such as ImageJ (NIH).
- suitable for the initial sample for example, live earthworms and frozen Akamushi are given. It is better to give foods that match the caliber, such as mince, to small individuals.
- the food remaining on the bottom surface was washed away at a flow rate of 0.5 to 0.6 L per minute.
- the above operation was repeated 5 times every 2 hours.
- the feeding time was 9 o'clock, 11 o'clock, 13 o'clock, 15 o'clock, and 17 o'clock.
- the Japanese eel Leptocepsus larvae were transferred to the same type of aquarium.
- water was continuously poured at a flow rate of 0.5 to 0.6 L per minute.
- Example results The results of the examples are shown in Table 1. Succeeded in producing fry derived from Leptocefalcus larvae with a total length of 36.1 mm or more. However, Leptocefal's larvae with a total length of 34.5 mm reached stage 4 but did not achieve feeding ability. By using the present invention, it was found that metamorphosis can be induced simultaneously, and as a result, the seedling production period can be shortened. Table 1 shows Japanese eel transformation induction by T4 treatment under 23 ° C. breeding water.
- Example results The results of the examples are shown in Table 2 and FIG. We succeeded in producing juvenile fish from Leptocefallus larvae with a total length of 36.6 mm or more. However, although there were cases where Leptocephalus larvae with a total length of 36.4 mm or less reached stage 4, the metamorphosis did not progress smoothly and died during induction or did not achieve feeding ability. . Based on the above, it is considered that the threshold for Leptocephars larvae capable of seedling production is around 36 mm in total length. Was found to be possible. In addition, it was found that whether or not to produce seedlings using the present invention depends on the body size, not the age of the Leptocephar larvae.
- L L No characteristics of metamorphosis during survival.
- D death.
- Y Transformation complete (seedling production completed).
- Nd death.
- Nf ⁇ feeding unconfirmed.
- Ng no white eel.
- FIG. 1 is a photograph replacing a drawing showing the breeding status of eel larvae in the examples.
- A is T4 treatment start time (Exp6-2, total length 38.1 mm)
- A-2 is 10 days after treatment start
- A-3: is 27 days later
- A-4 is 46 days later.
- B shows the time when T4 treatment is started (Exp6-4, total length 36.6 mm)
- B2 shows 10 days after the start of treatment
- B-3 shows 37 days
- B-4 shows 63 days.
- the scale bar is 10 mm.
- the present invention can be utilized in the fishery industry.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
また,この方法は,変態後期(ステージ3)における甲状腺ホルモンの投与量は,変態最盛期(ステージ2)における甲状腺ホルモンの投与量より少ないものが好ましい。
甲状腺ホルモンを餌に混ぜて,甲状腺ホルモンをウナギ目魚類仔魚に投与する工程,
飼育水に甲状腺ホルモンを混ぜて,甲状腺ホルモンをウナギ目魚類仔魚に投与する工程,及び
甲状腺ホルモンを直接ウナギ目魚類仔魚に投与する工程,
のいずれか1つ又は2つ以上である。
ステージ2:変態最盛期。腸管の退縮が顕著になる。後半期では肛門が最終垂直血管(VBVlast)付近まで到達する。
ステージ3:変態後期。前肛門長(PAL)が最終垂直血管長(VBVlast Length)と同じもしくは,さらに短くなる(PAL≦VBVlast Length)。体高は明らかに低い。
ステージ4:前シラスウナギ期。ほぼウナギの形態になるが,まだ体高が残っている。体表や内在性の黒色素胞はまだ認められない。
クロコ期:稚魚期。摂餌を確認できる。
甲状腺ホルモン(例えば,サイロキシン(T4))を1-2mL容量のメスフラスコで 50-100mMに調整する。溶媒として公知の溶媒(水,アルコール)を用いることができる。溶媒にはエタノールを用いることが好ましい。
目視によって全長40mm(又は30mm~50mmでもよいし,35mm~45mmでもよいし,35mm以上でも40mm以上でも45mm以上でもよい)に達していると考えられるレプトケファルス幼生を選抜する。2-フェノキシエタノールで麻酔をかけた後,写真を撮り,画像解析装置を用いて各幼生の全長を測定する。
人為催熟によって得られた受精卵から孵化し,従来のアブラツノザメ卵を基本とした飼料(非特許文献1参照)を用いて成育したニホンウナギレプトケファルス幼生を用いた。10L円形アクリル水槽を用意した。水槽内に海水を注水し,容積を5リットルとした。水槽内に収容するウナギレプトケファルス幼生は200尾程度とした。ニホンウナギレプトケファルス幼生を水槽に馴致させた後,3mL相当の飼料をピペットで水槽底面に投与し給餌を開始した。給餌期間中は15分間止水し給餌させた。15分経過後,1分間に0.5から0.6Lの流量で底面に残った餌を洗い流した。上記の作業を2時間おきに計5回繰り返した。給餌時間は,9時,11時,13時,15時,17時とした。5回給餌後は,同型の水槽にニホンウナギレプトケファルス幼生を移し替えた。給餌以外の時間帯は,1分間に0.5から0.6Lの流量で注水し続けた。給餌期間中はすべて25℃の濾過海水を掛け流しでおこなった。
175日齢に達したレプトケファルス幼生から,全長38.5mmから43.5mmの幼生を選抜し,本発明操作を実施した。さらに174日齢の全長36.1mmと34.5mmの幼生を用いた。
ステージ4に到達した幼生をさらに淡水下で継続飼育を行い,摂餌が認められた個体を稚魚とし種苗個体として利用可能と判断した。
実施例の結果を表1に示す。全長36.1mm以上のレプトケファルス幼生由来の稚魚生産に成功した。しかし,全長34.5mmレプトケファルス幼生はステージ4に到達したが,摂餌能を獲得するには至らなかった。本発明を用いれば,変態を同時に誘導させることが可能であり,結果,種苗生産期間を短縮化できることが分かった。
表1は,23℃飼育水下におけるT4処理による日本ウナギ変態誘導を示す。
129日齢に達したレプトケファルス幼生から,全長29.8mmから40.6mmの幼生を選択し,本発明を実施した。
実施例の結果を表2及び図1に示す。全長36.6mm以上のレプトケファルス幼生から稚魚の生産に成功した。しかし,全長36.4mm以下のレプトケファルス幼生はステージ4に到達した例もあったが,変態進行がスムーズに進まず,誘導途中で死亡するもしくは,摂餌能を獲得するには至らなかった。以上より,種苗生産可能なレプトケファルス幼生の閾値は全長36mm前後にあるものと考えられ,全長37mm以上に到達したレプトケファルス幼生を準備し,本発明を実施すれば,ニホンウナギ種苗の生産が可能であることが分かった。また,本発明を用いた種苗生産の可否は,レプトケファルス幼生の日齢ではなく,体サイズに依存している事が分かった。
Aは,T4処理開始時,(Exp6-2, 全長38.1mm), A-2は, 処理開始10日後, A-3:は,27日後, A-4は: 46日後を示す。 Bは,T4処理開始時(Exp6-4, 全長36.6mm), B2は,処理開始10日後, B-3は 37日後, B-4は 63日後を示す。 スケールバーは10mmである。
Claims (9)
- 甲状腺ホルモンを含むウナギ目魚類の飼育水。
- 請求項1に記載のウナギ目魚類の飼育水であって,前記甲状腺ホルモンは,サイロキシンを含む,ウナギ目魚類の飼育水。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のウナギ目魚類の飼育水であって,さらにビタミン類を含む,ウナギ目魚類の飼育水。
- 請求項1に記載のウナギ目魚類の飼育水であって,ウナギ目魚類仔魚の飼育水である,ウナギ目魚類の飼育水。
- 甲状腺ホルモンを投与する工程を含むウナギ目魚類の育成方法。
- 請求項5に記載の育成方法であって,
ウナギ目魚類仔魚が,変態始動期(ステージ1)から変態最盛期(ステージ2)と変化するにつれて前記甲状腺ホルモンの投与量を変化させ,
変態最盛期(ステージ2)における前記甲状腺ホルモンの投与量は,変態始動期(ステージ1)における前記甲状腺ホルモンの投与量より少ない,方法。 - 請求項6に記載の育成方法であって,
ウナギ目魚類仔魚が,変態最盛期(ステージ2)から変態後期(ステージ3)と変化するにつれて前記甲状腺ホルモンの投与量を変化させ,
変態後期(ステージ3)における前記甲状腺ホルモンの投与量は,変態最盛期(ステージ2)における前記甲状腺ホルモンの投与量より少ない,方法。 - 請求項7に記載の育成方法であって,
変態始動期(ステージ1)における前記甲状腺ホルモンの投与量を1とした場合に,
変態最盛期(ステージ2)における前記甲状腺ホルモンの投与量が0.05~0.5であり,
変態後期(ステージ3)における前記甲状腺ホルモンの投与量が0.001~0.05である,
方法。 - 請求項5に記載の育成方法であって,
前記甲状腺ホルモンを投与する工程は,
甲状腺ホルモンを餌に混ぜて,甲状腺ホルモンをウナギ目魚類仔魚に投与する工程,
飼育水に甲状腺ホルモンを混ぜて,甲状腺ホルモンをウナギ目魚類仔魚に投与する工程,及び
甲状腺ホルモンを直接ウナギ目魚類仔魚に投与する工程,
のいずれか1つ又は2つ以上を含む,
方法。
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201780081541.3A CN110139557A (zh) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-27 | 鳗鲡目鱼类的养殖水和鳗鲡目鱼类的培育方法 |
JP2018559564A JPWO2018124160A1 (ja) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-27 | ウナギ目魚類の飼育水及びウナギ目魚類の育成方法 |
EP17887786.6A EP3563678A4 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-27 | BREEDING WATER FOR ANGUILLIFORM SPECIES AND PROCESS FOR BREEDING ANGUILLIFORM SPECIES |
KR1020197021791A KR20190093672A (ko) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-27 | 뱀장어목 어류의 사육수와 뱀장어목 어류의 육성 방법 |
US16/475,068 US20200093103A1 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-27 | Breeding water for anguilliformes and method for rearing anguilliformes |
CA3052122A CA3052122A1 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-27 | Breeding water for anguilliformes and method for rearing anguilliformes |
PH12019501711A PH12019501711A1 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2019-07-25 | Breeding water for anguilliformes and method for rearing anguilliformes |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016-255015 | 2016-12-28 | ||
JP2016255015 | 2016-12-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2018124160A1 true WO2018124160A1 (ja) | 2018-07-05 |
Family
ID=62711125
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2017/046842 WO2018124160A1 (ja) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-27 | ウナギ目魚類の飼育水及びウナギ目魚類の育成方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20200093103A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3563678A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2018124160A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20190093672A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN110139557A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3052122A1 (ja) |
PH (1) | PH12019501711A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018124160A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2023136266A1 (ja) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-07-20 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | 食用魚の生産方法及び食用魚 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111528164B (zh) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-12-21 | 张小燕 | 一种龟鳖鱼生态混养水下喂料装置 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5040398A (ja) * | 1973-08-11 | 1975-04-14 | ||
JPH11253111A (ja) | 1998-03-10 | 1999-09-21 | Natl Res Inst Of Aquaculture | ウナギ孵化仔魚の飼育方法 |
JP2005013116A (ja) | 2003-06-26 | 2005-01-20 | Fisheries Research Agency | ウナギ仔魚用飼料 |
JP2010193902A (ja) * | 2010-04-19 | 2010-09-09 | Kakei Gakuen | 人工飼育水 |
WO2016117690A1 (ja) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-07-28 | 株式会社新日本科学 | マイクロカプセル化された水産養殖用飼料 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2260943C2 (ru) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-09-27 | Федеральное Государственное унитарное предприятие Азовский научно-исследовательский институт рыбного хозяйства | Способ подращивания личинок осетровых рыб |
CN101731484A (zh) * | 2010-02-21 | 2010-06-16 | 丁积平 | 仿野生鱼饲料及养殖方法 |
CN103461230A (zh) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-12-25 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | 一种提高罗非鱼人工孵化率的方法 |
CN105766731A (zh) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-07-20 | 邵侠 | 一种鲈鱼的低成本繁殖方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-12-27 WO PCT/JP2017/046842 patent/WO2018124160A1/ja unknown
- 2017-12-27 EP EP17887786.6A patent/EP3563678A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-12-27 KR KR1020197021791A patent/KR20190093672A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-12-27 CN CN201780081541.3A patent/CN110139557A/zh active Pending
- 2017-12-27 JP JP2018559564A patent/JPWO2018124160A1/ja active Pending
- 2017-12-27 US US16/475,068 patent/US20200093103A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-12-27 CA CA3052122A patent/CA3052122A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2019
- 2019-07-25 PH PH12019501711A patent/PH12019501711A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5040398A (ja) * | 1973-08-11 | 1975-04-14 | ||
JPH11253111A (ja) | 1998-03-10 | 1999-09-21 | Natl Res Inst Of Aquaculture | ウナギ孵化仔魚の飼育方法 |
JP2005013116A (ja) | 2003-06-26 | 2005-01-20 | Fisheries Research Agency | ウナギ仔魚用飼料 |
JP2010193902A (ja) * | 2010-04-19 | 2010-09-09 | Kakei Gakuen | 人工飼育水 |
WO2016117690A1 (ja) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-07-28 | 株式会社新日本科学 | マイクロカプセル化された水産養殖用飼料 |
Non-Patent Citations (9)
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2023136266A1 (ja) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-07-20 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | 食用魚の生産方法及び食用魚 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20190093672A (ko) | 2019-08-09 |
JPWO2018124160A1 (ja) | 2019-12-19 |
US20200093103A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
EP3563678A1 (en) | 2019-11-06 |
EP3563678A4 (en) | 2020-08-19 |
CA3052122A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
CN110139557A (zh) | 2019-08-16 |
PH12019501711A1 (en) | 2020-06-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Moraes‐Valenti et al. | Culture of the Amazon River prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum | |
JP6468998B2 (ja) | 海産の魚食性魚類の産卵誘導方法 | |
CN101933477A (zh) | 沙塘鳢的人工繁殖方法 | |
CN101647412B (zh) | 纹缟虾虎鱼人工催产授精繁育方法 | |
WO2018124160A1 (ja) | ウナギ目魚類の飼育水及びウナギ目魚類の育成方法 | |
CN106577371A (zh) | 一种黄鳝养殖的梯度饵料训饲方法 | |
Sarkar et al. | Performance of different types of diets on experimental larval rearing of endangered Chitala chitala (Hamilton) in recirculatory system | |
CN102919180A (zh) | 金乌贼人工育苗方法 | |
Kestemont et al. | Larval rearing of the gudgeon, Gobio gobio L., under optimal conditions of feeding with the rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis OF Müller | |
CN106973834A (zh) | 一种凡纳滨对虾亲虾投喂方法 | |
Panikkar et al. | Mouth-breeding cichlid, Tilapia mossambica Peters | |
Agudelo et al. | Advances on spontaneous captive breeding and culture conditions of Caribbean Sea cucumber Stichopus sp | |
Ahmad Nasir et al. | The first reported artificial propagation of yellow puffer, Xenopterus naritus (Richardson, 1848) from Sarawak, Northwestern Borneo. | |
Gopakumar et al. | Broodstock development, breeding and seed production of selected marine food fishes and ornamental fishes | |
JP2002515757A (ja) | 水媒介による、安定なビタミンc誘導体の強化によって、水生生物の成長及び生存率を高める方法 | |
Kizhakudan et al. | Captive breeding and seed production of scyllarid lobsters-opening new vistas in crustacean aquaculture. | |
EP3718399B1 (en) | Method for cultivating paralarvae of the common octopus (octopus vulgaris) | |
Liao et al. | Capture and culture of Mugilidae in Taiwan | |
Kawakami | Sensitivity of Anguilliformes leptocephali to metamorphosis stimulated by thyroid hormone depends on larval size and metamorphic stage | |
Tine et al. | Enhancing the supply and self-sufficiency of animal protein for local population through artificial propagation of African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) | |
CN110178762A (zh) | 一种野生吻鮈的人工驯食方法 | |
CN105613353A (zh) | 一种石斑鱼苗种的培育技术 | |
Jayasankar et al. | Freshwater aquaculture in India | |
Cook | Abalone aquaculture | |
Owori-Wadunde | The feeding habits and development of digestive system of Labeo victorianus Blgr (pisces: cyprinidae |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 17887786 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2018559564 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20197021791 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 3052122 Country of ref document: CA |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017887786 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20190729 |