WO2018122565A2 - Nouveau type de système héliothermique - Google Patents

Nouveau type de système héliothermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018122565A2
WO2018122565A2 PCT/GR2017/000072 GR2017000072W WO2018122565A2 WO 2018122565 A2 WO2018122565 A2 WO 2018122565A2 GR 2017000072 W GR2017000072 W GR 2017000072W WO 2018122565 A2 WO2018122565 A2 WO 2018122565A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collector
solar thermal
space
air
new type
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GR2017/000072
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2018122565A3 (fr
Inventor
Anastasios VARDAXOGLOU
Original Assignee
Vardaxoglou Anastasios
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vardaxoglou Anastasios filed Critical Vardaxoglou Anastasios
Publication of WO2018122565A2 publication Critical patent/WO2018122565A2/fr
Publication of WO2018122565A3 publication Critical patent/WO2018122565A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
    • F24D5/005—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/30—Solar heat collectors using working fluids with means for exchanging heat between two or more working fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
    • F24S10/503—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits formed by paired plates, only one of which is plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/30—Arrangements for connecting the fluid circuits of solar collectors with each other or with other components, e.g. pipe connections; Fluid distributing means, e.g. headers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/13—Transmissions
    • F24S2030/137—Transmissions for deriving one movement from another one, e.g. for deriving elevation movement from azimuth movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/14—Movement guiding means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of domestic heating systems and more particularly to room heating systems using liquid and gaseous media.
  • the solar thermal system disclosed herein can be used both as an autonomous heating option and as an aid to existing structures.
  • Solar thermal systems using appropriate collectors to capture solar radiation and convert it into heat, have long been used in modern times but have very specific uses.
  • Solar thermal systems consist of a collector, circulation and storage system and most commonly a control system.
  • solar thermal systems have some inherent disadvantages that have not been addressed and resolved effectively.
  • the most significant drawback is their clear dependence on sunshine, the heating energy generation being consequently lower during the period of higher demand, that is, in the winter when we have cloudy and shorter daytime.
  • due to the limited sunshine it is often necessary to install a backup energy source to fully meet the needs of a building for the whole year.
  • a further disadvantage is the fact that some types of solar collectors may have problems in their operation in frosty areas or show significant deterioration due to weather phenomena, thereby increasing the cost of their maintenance.
  • the solar thermal systems used today require special interventions in every particular installation altering it, while increasing the cost of installing such a system.
  • a solar collector of any kind or technology such as a vacuum tube, a flat collector, a parabolic mirror, a Fresnel lens, for heating the water or gas of the thermal body.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a solar thermal system which transmits heat through a heat sink which is connected to the heat transfer copper tube through a special adhesive, welding, direct contact by clamping or by any effective way of transmitting heat from the copper tube to the heat sink, or it is initially embedded thereon.
  • Yet another advantage of the invention is that reduced-section air ducts, which facilitate both installers during application and owners from aesthetic point of view, can be used. Further, the airway may be articulated, consisting of two identical parts, facilitating both its production and its installation.
  • Figures 1 (a) - (b) show in perspective sketches a solar collector with a vacuum tube and a heat sink integrated as part of the tube and a solar collector with an air circulation system, respectively.
  • FIGS 2 (a) - (b) show in a perspective sketch an exemplary embodiment of a solar collector with a vacuum tube and a solar collector with a circulation system ending up in a radiator, respectively.
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a solar collector with a vacuum tube and a closed air circulation circuit.
  • Figure 4 shows a closed water or suitable gas circulation circuit which ends up in a radiator and has an inertia vessel and a solar collector ' with a vacuum tube.
  • Figures 5 (a) - (b) show a solar collector with a vacuum tube and closed air and fluorocarbons circulation circuits, which end up in a radiator.
  • Figure 6 shows a flat solar collector and air circulation system which end up in a radiator.
  • Figure 7 shows a flat solar collector and a water or fluorocarbons circulation system, connected to an inertia vessel and a radiator.
  • Figures 8 (a) - (b) show a Fresnel type collector with bellows for space heating, as well as detail of the bellows with the sun's tracking system.
  • Figures 9 (a) - (b) show a solar air heater with a flat collector and mirrors, moving on a sun tracking system.
  • Figures 10 (a) - (b) show an alternative inventive embodiment of closed air circulation circuit and a collector on a moving mirror for tracking the course of the sun.
  • Figure 1 1 shows a detail of the system motion arm for tracking the sun's path.
  • Figure 12 shows a Fresnel type collector with bellows for space heating and a water or fluorocarbon circulation system connected to an inertia tank and a radiator.
  • Figure 13 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention where a painted exterior wall of an installation is used as a collector, exploiting the electrochromic phenomenon, and an outside enclosure is used as the air circulation system.
  • Figure 14 also shows an alternative preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein a construction of any form, technology and material suitable for the effective absorption of the incoming radiation developing within the enclosed space acts as flat collector.
  • Figure 15 shows a further variant of the above embodiment that can be used to assist a heat pump by providing it with air of a temperature much higher than that of the surrounding area resulting in direct maximum efficiency increase.
  • Figures 16 (a) - (b) show a further variant of the above embodiment, taking advantage of the upper surface of a building, covering it partially or wholly, and the form that such a covering system would have.
  • FIGS 17 (a) - (b) show an alternative embodiment of the invention in the case of tiled roofs.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now to the accompanying drawings, we will illustrate exemplary embodiments of the new type solar thermal system in order to illustrate its mode of operation and the significant advantages it presents.
  • Each solar thermal system consists of a collector to convert the solar radiation into heat, a circulation system to transfer the heat generated and usually has control systems and heat storage systems.
  • a vacuum tube (1) is used as collector, where the solar radiation is incident to the tube, is absorbed by it and concentrated at its top.
  • the vacuum tube (1) ends up to a heat sink (2), which is located in a pipe (3), which is cooled by two fans (4).
  • One is located at the inlet of the pipe (3) in order to reduce the system losses, protecting it from the weather, and the other is at the outlet of the pipe, leading the hot air into the space to be heated.
  • the system results in an air duct (5), Fig. 3, for heating the space.
  • the air may enter through an ambient air duct (6), Fig. 1(b), which forwards the ambient air.
  • a carbon filter and a port mechanism which closes the inlet of the ambient air duct (6) when it is not in use, is required.
  • water can be used as heat circulation system, as shown in Fig. 2 (b), wherein the vacuum tube (1) heats water circulating within a copper or aluminium or even steel (7) radiator.
  • the copper radiator (7) may be of smaller dimensions but of the same performance as the conventional radiators, but because of its smaller dimensions it can be placed high in the space so as not to create a visual nuisance.
  • a fan (4) can be used to remove the hot air from the heat sink (2).
  • the inventive device could use an inertia vessel (8), Fig. 4, as storage system of the excess energy for future use.
  • an inertia vessel (8) can be realized in the case that water is used as a heat transfer medium or in the case of use of fluorocarbons, known as Freon. It is furthermore clear that if Freon is used, an alternator is required for the operation of the inertia vessel (8).
  • the collector (1) can heat a copper radiator (7), Fig. 5(b) via the heat sink (2), by induction heating of a closed fluorocarbon circuit.
  • a closed fluorocarbon circuit there are two closed circuits; one with air and the other with Freon.
  • Air circulation can be enhanced by using fans.
  • An alternative embodiment of the new type solar thermal system includes the use of a flat collector (11), Fig. 6, which heats a closed air circuit, which terminates at a radiator (7).
  • the flat collector (11) is placed on the exterior surface of the house and is directly connected to the radiator. Use of a fan (12) inside the space allows for a better transmission of heat to the space. It is to be understood that water or other suitable liquid may again be used in a similar manner as heating medium, Fig 7. In such a case, an inertia tank (8), directly on the radiator (7), can be used to ensure space heating beyond hours of sunshine, too. Similarly, it should be stressed that in case of using Freon as heating medium, an alternator must be used simultaneously.
  • a Fresnel type lens (13), Fig. 8(a) can be used as collector.
  • Fresnel lenses are spherical lenses that can focus the light of a source at a point behind the lens, the focus (14).
  • the incident beams can end up in the focus (14), heating the air circulating behind the focus (14), producing a flow which will heat a space through an air duct (5).
  • an ambient air duct (6) cold air will be driven out of the space for heating from the system.
  • the Fresnel lens (13) could heat a water or Freon transfer circuit, Fig. 12, which would end up in a copper radiator (7).
  • a Freon transfer circuit Fig. 12
  • an alternator would be necessary, while an inertia tank (8) would allow for the further utilization of the hot liquid.
  • An important advantage of the above variant is that with a Fresnel lens, the absorption surface becomes dramatically smaller than with a conventional collector.
  • FIG. 9(a) A corresponding solar thermal system is shown in Fig. 9(a), wherein the Fresnel lens has been replaced by a flat collector (11) surrounded by mirrors (17), Fig. 9(b) at a suitable angle to concentrate the beams of the sun on the collector (11). Likewise, the movement of the collector-mirror system will be based on the path of the sun through motion rails (16).
  • a mirror (18), Fig. 10(a), which collects the solar radiation in a small piece of flat collector (11) can be used.
  • the mirror (18) collects the solar radiation and emits it to the collector (11), which is encased in a transparent polyacrylic or polycarbonate material (19) to allow the rays to end up thereon.
  • the entire system of the collector (11) with the transparent suitable material (19) is located in a flexible bellows (15) which leads to the inlet and outlet of the air ducts (5), (6) and allows for corresponding movements, as done by the mirror (18), following the course of the sun.
  • the solar tracking system has one or more motion rails (16), Fig. 11 , on which the collector used at the time, being either a Fresnel lens or a mirror, moves.
  • the motion rail (16) will include in its slope both the azimuth and the ' elevation change of the sun's position over the months, so that the focus of the system is accurate.
  • the elevation difference within the day will take into account the average of the day. Thus, if for example the difference is from 0 to 50 degrees, the placement will be at 22.5 degrees.
  • a further variant of the solar thermal system can be done by utilizing the electrochromic effect.
  • An outer foldable transparent blind (21), Fig. 13, of a suitable material, such as polycarbonate, may be placed on an exterior side of a building, for example on a balcony.
  • the blind (21) will seal airtight on a base (22) and will surround the space.
  • the solar radiation will penetrate the blind (21) and it will be trapped inside the space increasing its temperature.
  • the surface (23) on which the light will be incident for example a wall, shall be dyed with an electrochromic paint. This means that if a small voltage is applied to the surface (23), it will change its colour, being substantially converted to a radiator.
  • the structural element will be both the collector and the radiator.
  • the flow of hot air will take place in parallel with the use of air ducts (5), (6).
  • the electrochromic dye can also be used on indoor walls of the building, increasing the efficiency of the solar radiation entering through the glasses.
  • a foldable collector surface 24
  • Fig. 14 which may have a selective or black dye and which will develop internally of the blind (21), collecting the solar radiation and heating the. entrapped air.
  • Fig. 15 The hot air trapped by the blind (21) is led to a heat pump (25) and even on cold days the pump operates at the maximum performance factor. Therefore, in the presence of an inertia tank, the radiators could be used for much of the day.
  • the above- proposed solutions can also be applied to the flat roof of a house, Fig. 16 (a) - (b), where the incident rays of the sun are trapped under the transparent surface (26) heating the insulation of the roof, the latter, as being dyed with electrochromic dye, heating the structural element. It is understood that the complete folding of the surface (26) and the interruption of current application to the dye will visually restore the roof to its original state.
  • a translucent polycarbonate frame may be placed, which will be like the blinds of a balcony door, having an outer and an inner part.
  • the inner part will tie and close the existing insulation, while the outer one will create the greenhouse effect.
  • a suspended solar absorber (27) intended to absorb the solar energy for the most part.
  • the vacuum in which the absorber will be housed will communicate with an air duct (5) and an ambient air duct (6) so that heat can be transferred directly to the desired space.
  • the system may be supplemented with ventilation ports for the excess heat and to avoid moisture within the housed space.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des systèmes héliothermiques qui comprennent un capteur tel qu'un tube à vide (1) pourvu d'un dissipateur thermique (2) ou d'une lentille de Fresnel (13) se terminant dans un foyer (14) ou dans un capteur plat (11) qui, au moyen de miroirs (17), collecte les rayons du soleil ou dans un miroir (18). L'invention comprend également un système de transfert qui peut être un conduit d'air (5), soit une conduite d'eau soit de fréon, ou un soufflet (15) dans lequel circule l'air chaud ou un espace délimité par un store (21) en vue de transférer l'air chaud à l'intérieur de l'espace. Le stockage de l'énergie excédentaire est effectué au moyen d'un récipient d'inertie (8). En variante, une surface colorée électrochromique (23) qui peut être escamotable (24), servant en même temps de capteur et de radiateur, peut être utilisée.
PCT/GR2017/000072 2016-12-30 2017-12-27 Nouveau type de système héliothermique WO2018122565A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GR20160100647A GR20160100647A (el) 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 Νεου τυπου ηλιακο θερμικο συστημα
GR20160100647 2016-12-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018122565A2 true WO2018122565A2 (fr) 2018-07-05
WO2018122565A3 WO2018122565A3 (fr) 2018-09-13

Family

ID=61005849

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GR2017/000072 WO2018122565A2 (fr) 2016-12-30 2017-12-27 Nouveau type de système héliothermique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GR (1) GR20160100647A (fr)
WO (1) WO2018122565A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109577126A (zh) * 2019-01-22 2019-04-05 石家庄铁道大学 针对路基冻胀的热管式太阳光热装置及路基防冻胀方法
CN111578350A (zh) * 2020-04-04 2020-08-25 孔蕾蕾 一种节能地暖地板
EP3832225A1 (fr) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-09 Emv2 Capteur thermique solaire, panneau thermique solaire et procédé de chauffage d'un bâtiment avec stockage calorifique intégré

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109577126A (zh) * 2019-01-22 2019-04-05 石家庄铁道大学 针对路基冻胀的热管式太阳光热装置及路基防冻胀方法
CN109577126B (zh) * 2019-01-22 2023-10-20 石家庄铁道大学 针对路基冻胀的热管式太阳光热装置及路基防冻胀方法
EP3832225A1 (fr) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-09 Emv2 Capteur thermique solaire, panneau thermique solaire et procédé de chauffage d'un bâtiment avec stockage calorifique intégré
FR3104242A1 (fr) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-11 Emv2 Capteur thermique solaire, panneau thermique solaire et procédé de chauffage d’un bâtiment avec stockage calorifique intégré.
CN111578350A (zh) * 2020-04-04 2020-08-25 孔蕾蕾 一种节能地暖地板

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GR20160100647A (el) 2018-10-12
WO2018122565A3 (fr) 2018-09-13

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