WO2018121530A1 - 一种液态金属喷墨阀 - Google Patents

一种液态金属喷墨阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018121530A1
WO2018121530A1 PCT/CN2017/118634 CN2017118634W WO2018121530A1 WO 2018121530 A1 WO2018121530 A1 WO 2018121530A1 CN 2017118634 W CN2017118634 W CN 2017118634W WO 2018121530 A1 WO2018121530 A1 WO 2018121530A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid metal
chamber
heating
ink
push rod
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PCT/CN2017/118634
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何志祝
林聚
刘静
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北京梦之墨科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018121530A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018121530A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of ink jet printing devices, and more particularly to a liquid metal ink jet valve.
  • Printed electronics has become an important part of electronic manufacturing technology, and liquid metal has an important position in printed electronics because of its high electrical conductivity, simple manufacturing, and no post-processing advantages.
  • the existing methods for printing liquid metal mainly include contact printing method and atomized spraying method; the contact printing method has a relatively slow ink discharging speed, and is only suitable for printing small batches and refined circuits; the atomizing spraying method needs to be pre-made.
  • Membrane more inconvenient.
  • the use of a contactless inkjet method can effectively increase the ink delivery speed, make electronic circuits faster, and eliminate the need for a template.
  • liquid metal and traditional ink properties are very different, ordinary inkjet valves or inkjet printheads. It is difficult to meet the demand for liquid metal inkjet.
  • the liquid metal has a low viscosity, a large surface tension, a high density, excellent electrical conductivity, and poor wettability with various materials.
  • a metal alloy having a partial melting point higher than room temperature needs to be heated, and an oxide impurity is easily generated to affect the ink jet quality. Therefore, in order to print liquid metal using an inkjet method, it is necessary to design a new structure of an ink jet valve or an ink jet device for these problems.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a liquid metal inkjet valve which overcomes the defects of liquid metal in the inkjet printing process due to the low viscosity of the liquid metal, large surface tension, high density and excellent electrical conductivity, and realizes the liquid state. Metal continuous, fast and stable inkjet.
  • the present invention provides a liquid metal inkjet valve comprising:
  • Heating the cavity has a heating chamber; the upper end of the heating chamber is provided with a metal powder inlet; the heating chamber is provided with an electromagnetic driving device and a heating device, and the heating device is used for heating the metal Powder, which is melted into a liquid metal ink, and the electromagnetic driving device is used to drive the liquid metal ink to move;
  • liquid metal chamber provided with a liquid metal chamber and a nozzle disposed in the liquid metal chamber
  • An insulated push rod and a feedback control device one end of the insulated push rod extends into the liquid metal chamber, and the other end is connected to a reciprocating step device, and the feedback control device detects liquid metal in the liquid metal chamber Position and control the movement of the reciprocating stepper according to its position;
  • liquid metal chamber is in communication with the heating chamber.
  • the heating device is composed of a plurality of metal cylinders and an insulating mesh plate.
  • a filtering device at the lower end of the heating chamber is also included.
  • the heating chamber further includes a liquid level monitoring and pressure control device for monitoring the liquid metal ink level in the heating chamber and controlling the pressure inside the heating chamber.
  • the heating chamber and the liquid metal chamber connecting passage are further provided with a bubble removing chamber with a negative pressure device, and the bubble removing chamber is integrally or separately arranged with the liquid metal chamber.
  • the liquid metal cavity is coated with a plating layer.
  • the liquid metal cavity is further provided with a liquid metal recovery and cleaning chamber, wherein the liquid metal recovery and cleaning chamber is provided with a driving device and a control valve block, and the liquid metal recovery and cleaning chamber is respectively separated from the bubble
  • the chamber is connected to the liquid metal chamber, the control valve block is disposed in the liquid metal chamber, and the driving device is configured to drive the liquid metal to recover and clean the liquid metal ink in the chamber.
  • the reciprocating stepping device is a cam linkage mechanism, a pneumatic piston linkage mechanism or an electromagnet pushing mechanism.
  • the feedback control device is a resistance detecting device or a current detecting device
  • the feedback control device surrounds the insulated propulsion rod
  • a set of sensors are disposed at the insulating propulsion rod, and an array sensor can be added at the nozzle or other positions.
  • the invention provides a liquid metal inkjet valve, which uses a heating device to heat and melt liquid metal, an electric measuring drive device drives liquid metal, and an insulating push rod gives liquid metal kinetic energy and pushes out, overcoming the existence of liquid metal in inkjet printing process.
  • the defect is to achieve continuous, fast and stable inkjet of liquid metal.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a liquid metal inkjet valve embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a liquid metal inkjet valve embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a liquid metal inkjet valve embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • connection In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • Connected, or integrally connected can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention discloses a liquid metal inkjet valve comprising: a heating chamber 1 having a heating chamber 9; an upper end of the heating chamber 9 is provided with a metal powder inlet;
  • the heating chamber 9 is provided with an electromagnetic driving device 10 for heating metal powder to be melted into liquid metal ink, and a heating device 11 for driving the liquid metal Ink movement
  • liquid metal chamber provided with a liquid metal chamber 8 and a nozzle 4 disposed in the liquid metal chamber 8;
  • An insulated push rod 2 and a feedback control device 5 one end of the insulating push rod 2 extends into the liquid metal chamber 8, and the other end is connected to the reciprocating stepping device 3, and the feedback control device 5 detects the liquid metal at the place Positioning in the liquid metal chamber 9, and controlling the movement of the reciprocating stepping device 2 according to its position;
  • the liquid metal chamber 8 is in communication with the heating chamber 9.
  • the liquid metal cavity and the heating cavity may be an integral structure or a separate structure, and the pipe is sealed and connected.
  • the liquid metal used in the present invention may be a low melting point metal element or metal alloy having a melting point below 400 ° C, or a mixture of the metal element or metal alloy and the nano or micro particles having electrical conductivity.
  • the liquid metal powder enters from the metal powder inlet at the upper end of the heating chamber 9, is heated by the heating device 11 and melts into a liquid metal ink, and is electromagnetically
  • the driving device 10 moves the liquid metal ink from the heating chamber 9 to the liquid metal chamber, and the reciprocating step device 3 drives the insulating push rod 2 to reciprocate, giving the liquid metal ink kinetic energy in the liquid metal chamber 8 and pushing out the nozzle 4.
  • the reciprocating stepping device 3 of the embodiment adopts a cam link mechanism 21, which is driven by a stepping motor to ensure that the cam has a constant rotation angle each time, thereby ensuring a constant stroke of the propeller rod.
  • the liquid metal ink Since the liquid metal ink has a large surface tension, it is difficult to flow in the pipe by gravity alone, but the liquid metal ink also has good conductivity, and the conductive fluid is forced to move in the magnetic field, so it is applied by the electromagnetic driving device 10. A suitable electromagnetic field can effectively push the liquid metal ink to the nozzle.
  • the function of the feedback control means 5 is to detect the position of the liquid metal in the liquid metal chamber 9, and to control the movement of the reciprocating stepping device 2 based on the metal position, thereby controlling the movement of the insulating control rod 2.
  • the material of the push rod and the nozzle should be insulated, and ceramic materials can generally be used.
  • the liquid metal inkjet valve provided by the invention has the characteristics of low melting point, large surface tension and excellent electrical conductivity of the liquid metal, heating and melting the liquid metal by the heating device, the electric measuring driving device drives the liquid metal, and the insulating push rod is given to the liquid state.
  • Metal kinetic energy is introduced, which overcomes the defects of liquid metal in inkjet printing process, and achieves continuous, rapid and stable inkjet of liquid metal.
  • the heating device 11 is composed of a plurality of metal cylinders and an insulating mesh plate.
  • the entire heating device 11 is not electrically conductive; when the metal powder fills the gap of the insulating mesh plate, the heating device 11 conducts electricity, generates electric current between the metal powders and makes the metal powder
  • the liquid metal ink is self-heated and melted, which improves the heating efficiency and reduces the total power consumption of the device compared with the heating of the electric heating sheet.
  • the heating device 11 is above the electromagnetic driving device 10, and the molten liquid metal ink is orientated by the electromagnetic driving device 10.
  • the heat insulating device 13 on the outer side of the heating chamber 1 ensures that the heated metal remains in a liquid state during the ink jet process.
  • the filter device 12 is a mesh plate having good wettability with liquid metal ink and having a porous structure, such as porous ceramic, porous nano material, cellulose acetate film or poly
  • a porous structure such as porous ceramic, porous nano material, cellulose acetate film or poly
  • the fabric medium should not be used; the liquid metal ink obtained by melting the metal powder may contain corresponding metal oxides or other impurities, which may be removed by a filtering device; the filtering device 12 may be taken out for replacement.
  • the heating chamber 9 further includes a liquid level monitoring and pressure control device 14 for monitoring the liquid metal ink level in the heating chamber 9 and controlling the internal pressure of the heating chamber 9. Specifically, since the metal powder is melted into a liquid state in the sealed heating chamber 9, the pressure in the heating chamber 9 changes, so it is necessary to adjust the internal pressure value by monitoring the liquid level to prevent the pressure value from being excessive. Large, the liquid metal ink is extruded out of the nozzle 4, so that the liquid metal ink can be driven by the electromagnetic driving device 10 and stabilized in the nozzle 4 without directly flowing out.
  • a liquid level monitoring and pressure control device 14 is provided at the top end of the heating chamber 9 to facilitate release of pressure within the heating chamber 9.
  • the heating chamber 9 and the liquid metal chamber 8 connecting passage are further provided with a bubble removing chamber 15 with a negative pressure device, and the bubble removing chamber 15 is integrated with the liquid metal chamber 8 or divided into Body settings.
  • the bubble removing chamber 15 has a certain negative pressure, which can rupture the bubbles therein when the liquid metal ink passes to eliminate the air bubbles from affecting the inkjet effect.
  • the liquid metal chamber 8 is coated with a plating layer, which can improve the wettability between the liquid metal ink and the liquid metal chamber 8, and make the liquid metal ink flow more easily, such as nano metal materials, or micro
  • the structure of the channel improves the fluidity of the liquid metal.
  • the liquid metal ink is a gallium or gallium-based alloy.
  • gallium oxide can be used for the plating to reduce the corrosion and wear of the metal ink on other components and improve the life of the device.
  • the liquid metal chamber is further provided with a liquid metal recovery and cleaning chamber 6, and the liquid metal recovery and cleaning chamber 6 is provided with a driving device and a control valve block 7, respectively, and the liquid metal recycling and cleaning chamber 6 respectively Connected to the bubble removal chamber 15 and the liquid metal chamber 8, the control valve block 7 is disposed in the liquid metal chamber 8, and the driving device is used to drive the liquid metal recovery and cleaning chamber 6 Liquid metal ink. As shown in FIG.
  • the right control valve block 7 is closed, and the left control valve block 7 is opened, so that the liquid metal chamber 8 is only connected to the bubble removal chamber 15; when it is necessary to clean the nozzle 4
  • the control valve block 7 on the right side is opened, the control valve block 7 on the left side is closed, and the liquid metal ink between the nozzle 4 and the two control valve blocks 7 is sent to the bubble removing chamber 15 by the driving device, and can be used continuously.
  • the nozzle 4 can be cleaned by the air flow to remove the residual metallic ink.
  • the drive device can be a small liquid pump, an electromagnetic drive or other drive. It is also possible to use a three-way valve structure instead of the above two control valves 7.
  • the feedback control device 5 is a resistance detecting device or a current detecting device.
  • the feedback control device surrounds the insulated push rod, and a set of sensors are disposed at the insulating push rod, and an array sensor can be added at the nozzle or other positions.
  • the feedback control device 5 has a sealing function at the same time.
  • the advantage of using the cam linkage mechanism 21 is that the feedback control device 5 can cause the cam to immediately stop at the current position when the ink discharge condition is abnormal, and the reliability is higher.
  • the metal powder is added to the heating device 11, the heating device 11 detects the heating from the metal powder and melts the metal powder into a liquid metal ink, and the electromagnetic driving device 10 drives the liquid metal ink to move by the applied electromagnetic field, and passes through the bubble removing chamber. At chamber 8, bubbles in the liquid metal ink are removed due to the action of the negative pressure.
  • the left control valve block 7 When ink ejection is required, the left control valve block 7 is opened, and the right control valve block 7 is closed; the feedback control device 5 detects the position of the liquid metal and controls the stepping motor to drive the cam link mechanism 21 to lower the insulating push rod 2, giving The liquid metal ink kinetic energy in the liquid metal chamber 8 is pushed out of the nozzle 4; when the ink is discharged, the left control valve block 7 is closed, the right control valve block 7 is opened, and the two valve blocks are driven by the driving device. The liquid metal ink in the chamber 4 and the nozzle 4 are sucked into the bubble removing chamber 15, and the ink is recovered to ensure the next use.
  • the present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment.
  • the same technical features as those of the first embodiment will not be described in the description of the present embodiment, and only the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 will be described.
  • the reciprocating stepping device 3 of the present embodiment is adsorbed or repelled by the electromagnet 17, and a permanent magnet 16 is disposed at the upper end of the insulating propelling rod 2, and an electromagnet 17 is disposed above the permanent magnet 16 by changing the winding.
  • the direction of the current of the wires on the iron core controls the direction of the magnetic field of the electromagnet 17, thereby controlling the attraction and repulsion of the permanent magnets 16 and the electromagnets 17, and controlling the rise and fall of the insulating push rods 2.
  • the present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment.
  • the same technical features as those of the first embodiment will not be described in the description of the present embodiment, and only the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 will be described.
  • the reciprocating stepping device 3 of the present embodiment is a pneumatic piston linkage mechanism, and a piston is disposed at an upper end of the insulating propulsion rod 2, and the insulating propulsion rod 2 is wound around a return spring 20, and the piston 19 is enclosed in a casing.
  • the housing is provided with an air inlet 18. When ink is required, the air can be pumped into the air inlet 18 to lower the piston, thereby controlling the lowering of the insulation push rod 2; when the ink is finished, the air inlet 18 is connected to the atmosphere, and the insulating push rod 2 rises due to the action of the return spring 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)

Abstract

一种液态金属喷墨阀，包括：加热腔体（1），具有加热腔室（9），其上端设有金属粉进口；其中设有电磁驱动装置（10）和加热装置（11），加热装置融化金属粉末使其熔化为液态金属墨水，电磁驱动装置驱动液态金属墨水运动；液态金属腔体，其设有液态金属腔室（8）和喷嘴（4）；以及绝缘推进杆（2）和反馈控制装置（5），绝缘推进杆的一端伸入液态金属腔室内，另一端与往复步进装置（3）连接，反馈控制装置根据液态金属的位置控制往复步进装置的运动；液态金属腔室与加热腔室连通。该喷墨阀将液态金属粉末融化并由电磁驱动装置驱动，由绝缘推动杆推出，克服了液态金属在喷墨打印过程中存在的缺陷，实现液态金属连续、快速和稳定喷墨。

Description

一种液态金属喷墨阀
交叉引用
本申请引用于2016年12月27日提交的专利名称为“一种液态金属喷墨阀”的第2016112294880号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及喷墨打印装置领域，特别是涉及一种液态金属喷墨阀。
背景技术
印刷电子已经成为电子制造技术的重要组成部分，而液态金属以其高电导率，制取简单，无需后处理的优点在印刷电子中占有了重要的地位。
现有的印刷液态金属的方法主要有接触式打印法和雾化喷涂法；接触式打印法出墨速度相对缓慢，只适合于打印小批量、精细化的电路；雾化喷涂法需要预先制作掩膜，较为不便。使用无接触式的喷墨方法可以有效提升出墨速度，更快速地制造电子线路，且无需使用模板，然而液态金属与传统墨水性质有很大的差异，普通的喷墨阀或喷墨打印头难以满足液态金属喷墨的需求。液态金属的粘度很低，表面张力大，密度大，导电性优秀，与多种材料润湿性差，部分熔点高于室温的金属合金还需加热，且容易产生氧化物杂质影响喷墨质量。因此要使用喷墨方法印刷液态金属，需要针对这些问题设计新结构的喷墨阀或喷墨装置。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本发明的目的是提供一种液态金属喷墨阀，因液态金属粘度很低，表面张力大，密度大，导电性优秀等特性，克服了液态金属在喷墨打印过程中存在的缺陷，实现液态金属连续、快速和稳定喷墨。
(二)技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种液态金属喷墨阀，包括：
加热腔体，所述加热腔体具有加热腔室；所述加热腔室的上端设有金 属粉末进口；所述加热腔室中设有电磁驱动装置和加热装置，所述加热装置用于加热金属粉末，使其融化为液态金属墨水，所述电磁驱动装置用于驱动所述液态金属墨水运动；
液态金属腔体，所述液态金属腔体设有液态金属腔室和设于所述液态金属腔室的喷嘴；以及
绝缘推进杆和反馈控制装置，所述绝缘推进杆的一端伸入所述液态金属腔室内，另一端与往复步进装置连接，所述反馈控制装置检测液态金属在所述液态金属腔室中的位置，并根据其位置控制往复步进装置的运动；
其中，所述液态金属腔室与所述加热腔室连通。
其中，所述加热装置为若干金属圆柱和绝缘网板共同构成。
其中，所述加热腔体的外侧的保温装置。
其中，还包括在所述加热腔室下端的过滤装置。
其中，在所述加热腔室内还包括液位监测与压力控制装置，用于监测所述加热腔室内的液态金属墨水液位高度并控制所述加热腔室内部压力大小。
其中，所述加热腔室和所述液态金属腔室连接通道上还设有带负压装置的气泡去除腔室，所述气泡去除腔室与液态金属腔室为一体或分体设置。
其中，所述液态金属腔内涂有镀层。
其中，所述液态金属腔体还设有液态金属回收与清洁室，所述液态金属回收与清洁室中设有驱动装置和控制阀块，所述液态金属回收与清洁室内分别与所述气泡去除腔室和所述液态金属腔连接，所述控制阀块设于液态金属腔室内，所述驱动装置用于驱动所述液态金属回收与清洁室内的液态金属墨水。
其中，所述往复步进装置为凸轮连杆机构、气动活塞连杆机构或电磁铁推动机构。
其中，所述反馈控制装置为电阻检测装置或电流检测装置，所述反馈控制装置环绕所述绝缘推进杆，一组传感器设置在绝缘推进杆处，可在喷嘴处或其他位置增设数组传感器。
(三)有益效果
本发明提供的一种液态金属喷墨阀，利用加热装置加热并融化液态金属，电测驱动装置驱动液态金属，绝缘推进杆给予液态金属动能并推出，克服了液态金属在喷墨打印过程中存在的缺陷，实现液态金属连续、快速和稳定喷墨。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种液态金属喷墨阀实施例1的示意图；
图2为本发明一种液态金属喷墨阀实施例2的示意图；
图3为本发明一种液态金属喷墨阀实施例3的示意图。
图中，1、加热腔体；2、绝缘推进杆；3、往复步进装置；4、喷嘴；5、反馈控制装置；6、液态金属回收与清洁室；7、控制阀块；8、液态金属腔室；9、加热腔室；10、电磁驱动装置；11、加热装置；12、过滤装置；13、保温装置；14、液位检测和压力控制装置；15、气泡去除腔室；16、永磁体；17、电磁铁；18、进气口；19、活塞；20、复位弹簧；21、凸轮连杆机构。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例1：
如图1所示，本发明公开一种液态金属喷墨阀，包括：加热腔体1，所述加热腔体1具有加热腔室9；所述加热腔室9的上端设有金属粉末进口；所述加热腔室9中设有电磁驱动装置10和加热装置11，所述加热装置11用于加热金属粉末，使其融化为液态金属墨水，所述电磁驱动装置10用于驱动所述液态金属墨水运动；
液态金属腔体，所述液态金属腔体设有液态金属腔室8和设于所述液态金属腔室8的喷嘴4；以及
绝缘推进杆2和反馈控制装置5，所述绝缘推进杆2的一端伸入所述液态金属腔室8内，另一端与往复步进装置3连接，所述反馈控制装置5检测液态金属在所述液态金属腔室9中的位置，并根据其位置控制往复步进装置2的运动；
其中，所述液态金属腔室8与所述加热腔室9连通。
具体的，液态金属腔体和加热腔体可以为一体结构，也可以为分体结构，利用管道密封连接。本发明采用的液态金属可以是熔点在400℃以下的低熔点金属单质或金属合金，或者是所述金属单质或金属合金分别与具有导电作用的纳米或微米颗粒的混合物。根据液态金属的粘度很低，表面张力大，密度大和导电性优秀的特性，液态金属粉末由加热腔室9上端的金属粉末进口进入，经加热装置11加热并融化成液态金属墨水，并由电磁驱动装置10使液态金属墨水由加热腔室9定向移动至液态金属腔室，往复步进装置3驱动绝缘推进杆2往复运动，给予液态金属腔室8内的液态金属墨水动能，并推出喷嘴4。本实施例的往复步进装置3采用凸轮连杆机构21，采用步进电机驱动，保证凸轮每次转动角度恒定，进而保证推进杆行程恒定。因为液态金属墨水具有很大的表面张力，仅靠重力作用难以在管道中流动，但是液态金属墨水也具有良好的导电性，而导电流体在磁场中会受力运动，故通过电磁驱动装置10施加适当的电磁场可以有效推动液态金属墨水流向喷嘴。反馈控制装置5的作用为检测液态金属在液态金属腔室9中的位置，并以金属位置为依据控制往复步进装置2的运动，进而控制绝缘控制杆2的移动。为避免影响反馈检测，推进杆及喷嘴的材质应当是绝缘的，一般可使用陶瓷材质。
本发明提供的一种液态金属喷墨阀，根据液态金属的熔点低、表面张力大和导电性优良的特性，利用加热装置加热并融化液态金属，电测驱动装置驱动液态金属，绝缘推进杆给予液态金属动能并推出，克服了液态金属在喷墨打印过程中存在的缺陷，实现液态金属连续、快速和稳定喷墨。
其中，所述加热装置11为若干金属圆柱和绝缘网板共同构成。这样的自反馈式加热装置，当绝缘网板间隙中为空气时，整个加热装置11不 导电；当金属粉末填充绝缘网板间隙时，加热装置11导电，在金属粉末间产生电流并使得金属粉末自加热并融化得到液态金属墨水，该方法与电热片加热相比提高了加热效率，降低了设备总功耗。具体的，加热装置11在电磁驱动装置10的上方，融化的液态金属墨水经电磁驱动装置10定向运动。
其中，加热腔体1的外侧的保温装置13，保证喷墨过程中加热后的金属保持液态。
其中，还包括在所述加热腔室9下端的过滤装置12，过滤装置12是与液态金属墨水润湿性良好且具有多孔结构的网板，例如多孔陶瓷、多孔纳米材料、醋酸纤维膜或聚酰胺膜等，不应使用织物介质；由金属粉末融化得到的液态金属墨水可能含有对应的金属氧化物或其他杂质，可通过过滤装置去除；过滤装置12可取出以便更换。
其中，在所述加热腔室9内还包括液位监测与压力控制装置14，用于监测所述加热腔室9内的液态金属墨水液位高度并控制所述加热腔室9内部压力大小。具体的，因为在密闭的加热腔室9内，金属粉末由固态融化为液态，会导致加热腔室9内的压力变化，所以需要通过监测液位高度，调整内部压力值，以防止压力值过大，将液态金属墨水挤出喷嘴4，这样可以实现液态金属墨水由电磁驱动装置10驱动并稳定补充道喷嘴4中而不会直接流出。液位监测与压力控制装置14设于加热腔室9的顶端，方便释放加热腔室9内的压力。
其中，所述加热腔室9和所述液态金属腔室8连接通道上还设有带负压装置的气泡去除腔室15，所述气泡去除腔室15与液态金属腔室8为一体或分体设置。具体的，气泡去除腔室15中带有一定的负压，可在液态金属墨水通过时使其中的气泡破裂从而消除气泡以免影响喷墨效果。
其中，所述液态金属腔室8内涂有镀层，镀层可以改善液态金属墨水与液态金属腔室8之间的润湿性，使液态金属墨水更易流动，如纳米金属材料等，也可使用微槽道等结构改善液态金属流动性，一般情况下液态金属墨水为镓或镓基合金，此时镀层可使用氧化镓，以减少金属墨水对其他部件的腐蚀、磨损，提高设备寿命。
其中，所述液态金属腔体还设有液态金属回收与清洁室6，所述液态 金属回收与清洁室6中设有驱动装置和控制阀块7，所述液态金属回收与清洁室6内分别与所述气泡去除腔室15和所述液态金属腔室8连接，所述控制阀块7设于液态金属腔室8内，所述驱动装置用于驱动所述液态金属回收与清洁室6内的液态金属墨水。如图1所示，当喷墨阀正常工作时，右边的控制阀块7关闭，左边的控制阀块7开启，使液态金属腔室8只与气泡去除腔室15连接；当需要清洁喷嘴4时，右边的控制阀块7开启，左边的控制阀块7关闭，利用驱动装置将喷嘴4和两个控制阀块7之间的液态金属墨水送至气泡去除腔室15，并可继续使用，长时间不使用喷墨阀时可利用气流对喷嘴4进行清洁，去除残留的金属墨水。驱动装置可以是小型液泵、电磁驱动装置或其他驱动装置。亦可以使用三通阀结构替代上述两个控制阀门7。
其中，所述反馈控制装置5为电阻检测装置或电流检测装置，所述反馈控制装置环绕所述绝缘推进杆，一组传感器设置在绝缘推进杆处，可在喷嘴处或其他位置增设数组传感器，所述反馈控制装置5同时具有密封功能。采用凸轮连杆机构21的优势在于反馈控制装置5检测到出墨状况不正常时可以让凸轮立即停止在当前位置，可靠性更高。
本发明一种液态金属喷墨阀的工作流程如下：
将金属粉末加入到加热装置11中，加热装置11检测到由金属粉末后开始加热并使金属粉末融化成为液态金属墨水，电磁驱动装置10通过外加的电磁场驱动液态金属墨水定向移动，经过气泡去除腔室8时，由于负压的作用，清除液态金属墨水中的气泡。当需要喷墨时，打开左侧控制阀块7，关闭右侧控制阀块7；反馈控制装置5检测液态金属的位置并控制步进电机驱动凸轮连杆机构21使绝缘推进杆2下降，给予液态金属腔室8内的液态金属墨水动能，使其被推出喷嘴4；当喷墨结束后，关闭左侧控制阀块7，打开右侧控制阀块7，使用驱动装置将两个阀块之间以及喷嘴4内的液态金属墨水吸入到气泡去除腔室15中，回收墨水以保证下次使用。
实施例2：
本实施例与实施例1基本相同，为了描述的简要，在本实施例的描述过程中，不再描述与实施例1相同的技术特征，仅说明本实施例与实施例1不同之处：
如图2所示，本实施例的往复步进装置3为电磁铁17吸附或排斥，在绝缘推进杆2上端设有永磁体16，永磁体16上方有设有电磁铁17，通过改变绕于铁芯上导线的电流方向，控制电磁铁17的磁场方向，进而控制永磁体16与电磁铁17的吸引和排斥，控制绝缘推进杆2的上升和下降。
实施例3：
本实施例与实施例1基本相同，为了描述的简要，在本实施例的描述过程中，不再描述与实施例1相同的技术特征，仅说明本实施例与实施例1不同之处：
如图3所示，本实施例的往复步进装置3为气动活塞连杆机构，在绝缘推进杆2上端设有活塞，绝缘推进杆2缠绕着复位弹簧20，活塞19被封装在一个壳体内，壳体上设有进气口18，当需要喷墨时，可以通过往进气口18泵入空气，使活塞下降，进而控制绝缘推进杆2的下降；当喷墨结束时，进气口18连通大气，绝缘推进杆2由于复位弹簧20的作用上升。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种液态金属喷墨阀，其特征在于，包括：
    加热腔体(1)，所述加热腔体(1)具有加热腔室(9)；所述加热腔室(9)的上端设有金属粉末进口；所述加热腔室(9)中设有电磁驱动装置(10)和加热装置(11)，所述加热装置(11)用于加热金属粉末，使其融化为液态金属墨水，所述电磁驱动装置(10)用于驱动所述液态金属墨水运动；
    液态金属腔体，所述液态金属腔体设有液态金属腔室(8)和设于所述液态金属腔室(8)的喷嘴(4)；以及
    绝缘推进杆(2)和反馈控制装置(5)，所述绝缘推进杆(2)的一端伸入所述液态金属腔室(8)内，另一端与往复步进装置(3)连接，所述反馈控制装置(5)检测液态金属在所述液态金属腔室(9)中的位置，并根据其位置控制往复步进装置(3)的运动；
    其中，所述液态金属腔室(8)与所述加热腔室(9)连通。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述加热装置(11)为若干金属圆柱和绝缘网板共同构成。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述加热腔体(1)的外侧的保温装置(13)。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括在所述加热腔室(9)下端的过滤装置(12)。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，在所述加热腔室(9)内还包括液位监测与压力控制装置(14)，用于监测所述加热腔室(9)内的液态金属墨水液位高度并控制所述加热腔室(9)内部压力大小。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述加热腔室(9)和所述液态金属腔室(8)连接通道上还设有带负压装置的气泡去除腔室(15)，所述气泡去除腔室(15)与液态金属腔室(8)为一体或分体设置。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述液态金属腔体还设有液态金属回收与清洁室(6)，所述液态金属回收与清洁室(6)中设有驱动装置和控制阀块(7)，所述液态金属回收与清洁室(6)内分别与所述气泡去除腔室(15)和所述液态金属腔室(8)连接，所述控制阀块(7) 设于液态金属腔室(8)内，所述驱动装置用于驱动所述液态金属回收与清洁室(6)内的液态金属墨水。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述液态金属腔室(8)内涂有镀层。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述往复步进装置(3)为凸轮连杆机构(21)、气动活塞连杆机构或电磁铁推动机构。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述反馈控制装置(5)为电阻检测装置或电流检测装置，所述反馈控制装置(5)环绕所述绝缘推进杆(2)，一组传感器设置在绝缘推进杆(2)处，可在喷嘴(4)处或其他位置增设数组传感器。
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KR101635849B1 (ko) * 2014-12-04 2016-07-21 전남대학교산학협력단 액체 금속이 분사되는 잉크젯 프린터 카트리지 및 잉크젯 프린터 시스템
CN104959248A (zh) * 2015-07-02 2015-10-07 厦门理工学院 基于热释电效应的纳米喷射-微纳复合喷射装置及其控制方法
CN106623940A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2017-05-10 北京梦之墨科技有限公司 一种液态金属喷墨阀

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CN110774754A (zh) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-11 北京梦之墨科技有限公司 一种液态金属供墨系统和供墨方法
CN110774754B (zh) * 2018-07-31 2023-06-30 北京梦之墨科技有限公司 一种液态金属供墨系统和供墨方法
CN113695593A (zh) * 2020-05-07 2021-11-26 昆山晶微新材料研究院有限公司 一种用于生产高均匀性航空材料的液态3d打印供液方法及其供液系统

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