WO2018121412A1 - 膨胀开关阀 - Google Patents

膨胀开关阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018121412A1
WO2018121412A1 PCT/CN2017/117806 CN2017117806W WO2018121412A1 WO 2018121412 A1 WO2018121412 A1 WO 2018121412A1 CN 2017117806 W CN2017117806 W CN 2017117806W WO 2018121412 A1 WO2018121412 A1 WO 2018121412A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow passage
inlet
outlet
valve
expansion switch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/117806
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谭廷帅
黄健
陈雪峰
叶梅娇
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
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Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2018121412A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018121412A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F25B41/345—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by solenoids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/04—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/04—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves
    • F16K27/048—Electromagnetically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603—Multiple-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of control valves and, in particular, to an expansion switch valve.
  • the prior art uses a structure in which an electronic expansion valve and an electromagnetic switching valve are connected in parallel. This structure requires two three-way joints and six pipelines, which are complicated in structure and inconvenient to install.
  • the solenoid valve is closed and the electronic expansion valve is used, the electronic expansion valve inlet is a medium-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the electronic expansion valve outlet is a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the inlet and outlet of the solenoid valve are also respectively The state of the refrigerant in the inlet and outlet of the electronic expansion valve is the same, and the refrigerant pressure at the inlet and outlet of the solenoid valve is different, which easily causes damage to the internal structure of the solenoid valve.
  • the refrigerant charge of the entire heat pump system is increased and the cost is increased.
  • the heat pump system is operated at low temperatures, it is difficult to return the oil to the compressor. This complicated structure is also detrimental to the oil return of the heat pump system.
  • an expansion switch valve including a valve body, wherein the valve body is formed with an inlet, an outlet, and an internal flow passage communicating between the inlet and the outlet, the internal flow a spool is mounted on the rail and has a first flow passage and a second flow passage respectively communicating with the outlet, the second flow passage is formed with an orifice, and the spool is reciprocally movable in the axial direction to have a first a working position and a second working position, wherein in the first working position, the spool is closed to the second flow path such that the inlet and the outlet are in direct communication, and in the second working position, the spool Closing the first flow path causes the inlet to communicate through the orifice.
  • the internal flow passage includes a slide for sliding the valve core, and the slide communicates with the inlet through a third flow passage, and the slide passes through the first flow passage and the second flow respectively
  • a passage is in communication with the outlet, the spool selectively blocking the first flow passage and the second flow passage.
  • the bottom end of the slide is provided with a buffer spring.
  • the third flow passage is located between the first flow passage and the second flow passage.
  • the slideway is opened vertically on the valve body.
  • the first flow channel, the second flow channel, and the third flow channel are both disposed perpendicular to the slide channel.
  • the first flow channel and the third flow channel are respectively formed as a first through hole and a third through hole formed on a sidewall of the slide rail, and the second flow channel is formed to be opened in the The orifice on the side wall of the slide.
  • the valve body includes a valve seat forming the internal flow passage, the valve seat is mounted with a magnetic valve stem, and an electromagnetic driving portion is mounted between the magnetic valve stem and the valve seat, and the electromagnetic driving The spool is driven to reciprocate in the axial direction by the magnetic valve stem.
  • a limiting portion is formed between the magnetic valve stem and the valve seat to define movement of the magnetic valve stem when the electromagnetic driving portion acts on the magnetic valve stem.
  • the limiting portion includes a limiting step groove formed on the valve seat, and a limiting flange formed on an end of the magnetic valve stem, the limiting flange is inserted in a form fit manner Up to the limit step groove.
  • a relief groove is formed on an end surface of the magnetic valve stem for escaping the valve core.
  • valve seat is formed as a polyhedral structure, and the magnetic valve stem, the inlet and the outlet are respectively disposed on different surfaces of the polyhedral structure, wherein the inlet and the outlet are opened in parallel with each other
  • the magnetic valve stem mounting direction is perpendicular to the inlet and the outlet, respectively.
  • a valve core is installed on the inner flow passage of the same valve body, and the first working position and the second working position of the valve core are switched, thereby enabling the direct communication control or the throttle expansion control function of the refrigerant.
  • the structure is simple, easy to manufacture and install; in addition, when the expansion switch valve provided by the present disclosure is applied to a heat pump system, the pipe connection can be simplified, the cost can be simplified, and the refrigerant charge of the entire heat pump system can be reduced, and the compressor can be returned to the oil. .
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective structural schematic view of an expansion switch valve according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an expansion switch valve according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a first flow path is in an on state and a second flow path is in an off state;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an expansion switch valve according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a second flow path is in an on state, and a first flow path is in an off state;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an expansion switch valve according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a first flow path is in an on state and a second flow path is in an off state;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an expansion switch valve according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the second flow path is in an on state and the first flow path is in an off state.
  • valve seat 511 magnetic valve stem 512 electromagnetic drive
  • orientation words used such as “up, down, left, and right" are generally relative to the drawing direction of the drawing, and the "upstream, downstream” is relative to The medium, for example, in the flow direction of the refrigerant, specifically, the flow direction toward the refrigerant is downstream, and the flow direction away from the refrigerant is upstream, and "inside and outside” means the inside and outside of the contour of the corresponding member.
  • the present disclosure provides an expansion switch valve including a valve body 500, wherein the valve body 500 is formed with an inlet 501, an outlet 502, and an internal flow communicating between the inlet 501 and the outlet 502.
  • the inner flow passage is provided with a valve core 503 and has a first flow passage 507 and a second flow passage 505 respectively communicating with the outlet 502.
  • the second flow passage 505 has an orifice 515, and the spool 503 can reciprocate axially.
  • the spool 503 Moving to have a first working position and a second working position, in the first working position, the spool 503 is closed to the second flow passage 505 such that the inlet 501 and the outlet 502 are in direct communication, and in the second working position, the spool 503 is closed to the first flow passage 507 causes inlet 501 and outlet 502 to communicate through orifice 515.
  • the inner flow passage of the valve body 500 is formed with a first flow passage 507 and a second flow passage 505 which are in communication with both the inlet 501 and the outlet 502, and the inner flow passage is also provided with a valve body 503 so that the inlet 501 and the outlet The 502 is in direct communication or is in communication through the orifice 515.
  • the "direct communication” achieved by the spool 503 means that the coolant entering from the inlet 501 of the valve body 500 can flow directly over the spool 503 through the internal flow passage without being throttled to the outlet 502 of the valve body 500.
  • the “communication through the orifice” achieved by the spool 503 means that the coolant entering from the inlet 501 of the valve body 500 can flow over the spool 503 and flow through the orifice 515 to the outlet 502 of the valve body 500.
  • the expansion switch valve of the present disclosure can cause the coolant entering from the inlet 501 to achieve two states, That is, 1) the direct communication state over the valve body 503; and 2) the throttle communication state past the valve body 503.
  • the high temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled by the orifice 515, and can be a low temperature and low pressure mist-like hydraulic refrigerant, thereby creating conditions for the evaporation of the refrigerant, that is, the cross-sectional area of the orifice 515 is smaller than the inlet. 501.
  • a spool 503 is mounted on the inner flow passage of the same valve body 500, and the first working position and the second working position of the spool 503 are switched to achieve direct communication control or throttling between the inlet 501 and the outlet 502.
  • Control function simple structure, easy to produce and install; and when the expansion switch valve provided by the present disclosure is applied to a heat pump system, the pipe connection can be simplified, the refrigerant charge of the entire heat pump system can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, and the heat pump system is more favorable. Return to the oil.
  • the valve body 500 includes a valve seat 510 formed with an internal flow passage on which a magnetic valve stem 511 is mounted.
  • An electromagnetic driving portion 512 is mounted between the magnetic valve stem 511 and the valve seat 510 to drive the spool 503 to reciprocate in the axial direction by the magnetic valve stem 511.
  • the control of the on/off power of the electromagnetic driving part 512 can conveniently control the valve core 503 to switch between the first working position and the second working position, thereby controlling the direct connection between the inlet 501 and the outlet 502 or by throttling.
  • the holes 515 are connected.
  • the electromagnetic driving portion 512 when the electromagnetic driving portion 512 is energized, the magnetic field of the magnetic valve stem 511 can be strengthened, so that the magnetic valve stem 511 can absorb the valve core 503 against the gravity of the valve core 503, and the valve core 503 moves to the slide rail under the action of the magnetic force.
  • the electronic expansion valve and the electromagnetic valve of the common inlet 501 and the outlet 502 are integrally connected in parallel in the valve body 500, thereby enabling automatic control of the on/off or throttling of the expansion switching valve, and simplifying the pipeline running.
  • the magnetic valve stem 511 is moved by the electromagnetic force, and a limited position is formed between the magnetic valve stem 511 and the valve seat 510 to be in the electromagnetic driving portion.
  • the movement of the magnetic valve stem 511 is defined when the 512 acts on the magnetic valve stem 511.
  • the limiting portion can have various embodiments. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in order to facilitate the assembly of the magnetic valve stem 511 to the valve seat 510, the limiting portion includes a limiting step groove 513 formed on the valve seat 510. And a limiting flange 514 formed on an end of the magnetic valve stem 511, the limiting flange 514 being positively inserted into the limiting step groove 513. In this way, the magnetic valve stem 511 can be conveniently mounted to the valve seat 510. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, when the electromagnetic driving portion 512 is energized, the engagement of the limiting flange 514 and the limiting step groove 513 can suppress the downward movement of the magnetic valve stem 511 by the electromagnetic force.
  • the limiting step groove 513 can be formed as a plurality of stepped step slots connected in sequence, and the slots of the multi-stage limiting step groove are The caliber gradually decreases in the insertion direction of the magnetic valve stem 511 to disassemble the magnetic valve stem 511.
  • a relief groove 518 is formed on the end surface of the magnetic valve stem 511 for escaping the spool 503. That is, when the magnetic valve stem 511 is attracted to the upper spool 503, a portion of the spool 503 can be received in the escape groove 518, so that the spool 503 avoids the valve while closing the first runner 507 or the second runner 505.
  • the core 503 is closed to the third flow path 506 (described in detail below).
  • the valve seat 510 is formed into a polyhedral structure, the valve seat 510 is formed into a polyhedral structure, the magnetic valve stem 511, the inlet 501 and the outlet 502 are respectively disposed on different surfaces of the polyhedral structure, wherein the inlet 501 and the outlet 502 are parallel to each other on opposite sides of the valve body 500, and the magnetic valve stem 511 is mounted in a direction perpendicular to the inlet 501 and the outlet 502, respectively.
  • the inlet and outlet pipes can be connected to different surfaces of the polyhedral structure, which can avoid the problem of messy and entangled pipe arrangement.
  • the internal flow passage includes a slide 504 for sliding the spool 503, and the slide 504 communicates with the inlet 501 through the third flow passage 506, and the slide 504 passes through the first flow passage 507, respectively.
  • the second flow passage 505 is in communication with the outlet 502, and the spool 503 selectively blocks the first flow passage 507 and the second flow passage 505.
  • the flow passage formed by the inlet 501, the third flow passage 506, the first flow passage 507, and the outlet 502 is selectively conducted by changing the position of the spool 503 in the slide 504 or by the inlet 501, the third The flow passage 506, the second flow passage 505, and the outlet 502 constitute a throttle passage, thereby enabling the communication function of the solenoid valve described above and the throttle function of the electronic expansion valve.
  • the bottom end of the runner 504 is provided with a buffer spring 508.
  • the buffer spring 508 is further The height of the spool 503 within the runner 504 is increased, which is advantageous for cutting off the second runner 505.
  • the third flow passage 506 is located at the first flow passage 507 and the second flow passage 507. Between runners 505.
  • the slide 504 can be disposed in the valve body in any suitable manner. To prevent the valve core 503 from being subjected to unnecessary frictional force, the service life of the valve core 503 is extended. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the slide 504 is vertically downward. It is opened on the valve body 500.
  • the first flow passage 507, the second flow passage 505, and the third flow passage 506 are both perpendicular to the slip. Road 504 settings. In this way, it is ensured that the refrigerant flowing out of the third flow path flows rapidly to the second flow path or the first flow path.
  • first flow passage 507 and the third flow passage 506 are respectively formed as first through holes 517 and third through holes 516 which are opened on the side walls of the slide passages 504, and the second flow passages
  • the 505 is formed as an orifice 515 that is opened on the side wall of the chute 504.
  • the magnetic driving portion 512 is energized, the valve core 503 is attracted to the magnetic valve stem 511, and moved to the first working position, and cut off.
  • the second flow path 505, the refrigerant flowing from the inlet 501 to the internal flow path can not pass through the orifice 515 at all, and can only flow into the outlet 502 through the third through hole 516, the slide 504, and the first through hole 517 in sequence.
  • FIGS. 2 and 4 represents the circulation route and the direction of the refrigerant when the direct communication function is used.
  • the magnetic drive portion 512 When only the throttle communication function of the expansion switch valve is required, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the magnetic drive portion 512 is de-energized, the valve core 503 is disengaged from the magnetic valve stem 511, moved to the second working position, and the first flow path is cut off. 507.
  • the refrigerant flowing from the inlet 501 to the internal flow passage cannot pass through the first through hole 517, and can only flow into the outlet 502 through the third through hole 516, the slide 504, and the orifice 515 in sequence.
  • dotted line with arrows in FIGS. 3 and 5 represents the circulation route and the tendency of the refrigerant when the throttle communication function is used.

Abstract

一种膨胀开关阀，包括阀体（500），该阀体(500)上形成有进口(501)、出口(502)以及连通在进口(501)和出口(502)之间的内部流道，内部流道上安装有一个阀芯(503)并具有分别与出口(502)连通的第一流道(507)和第二流道(505)，第二流道(505)上形成有节流孔(515)，阀芯(503)沿轴向往复移动以具有第一工作位置和第二工作位置，在第一工作位置，阀芯(503)截止第二流道(505)使得进口(501)和出口(502)直接连通，在第二工作位置，阀芯(503)截止第一流道使得进口(501)通过节流孔(515)连通，通过切换该阀芯(503)的第一工作位置和第二工作位置，能够实现制冷剂的直接连通控制或节流膨胀控制功能，该膨胀开关阀结构简单，易于生产和安装，且应用于热泵系统时，可以简化管路连接降低成本，并且减少整个热泵系统的制冷剂充注量，便于压缩机回油。

Description

膨胀开关阀
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年12月29日提交至中国国家知识产权局的专利申请号为201611249725.X的中国专利申请的优先权，其公开内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及控制阀领域，具体地，涉及一种膨胀开关阀。
背景技术
热泵系统中有时需要控制制冷剂节流降压或者只通过不节流，而现有的电子膨胀阀只能控制制冷剂节流或者不通过。为满足热泵系统的这种需求，现有技术要用到电子膨胀阀和电磁开关阀并联的结构。这种结构需要用到两个三通接头、六根管路，结构比较复杂，不便于安装。当电磁阀关闭，使用电子膨胀阀时，电子膨胀阀进口为中温高压的液态制冷剂，电子膨胀阀出口为低温低压的液态制冷剂，由于管路是连通的，所以电磁阀的进出口也分别跟电子膨胀阀进出口的制冷剂状态一致，电磁阀进出口的制冷剂压力温度不一样，容易对电磁阀的内部结构造成损坏。另外，由于管路比较多，会提高整个热泵系统的制冷剂充注量，提高成本。热泵系统在低温下工作时，压缩机回油会比较困难，这种复杂的结构还会不利于热泵系统的回油。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种膨胀开关阀，该膨胀开关阀能够实现对流经媒介的通断控制和节流控制两种功能，且结构简单。
为了实现上述目的，本公开提供一种膨胀开关阀，包括阀体，其中，该阀体上形成有进口、出口以及连通在所述进口和所述出口之间的内部流道，所述内部流道上安装有一个阀芯并具有分别与所述出口连通的第一流道和第二流道，所述第二流道上形成有节流孔，所述阀芯能够沿轴向往复移动以具有第一工作位置和第二工作位置，在所述第一工作位置，所述阀芯截止所述第二流道使得所述进口和所述出口直接连通，在所述第二工作位置，所述阀芯截止所述第一流道使得所述进口通过所述节流孔连通。
可选地，所述内部流道包括用于供所述阀芯滑动的滑道，该滑道通过第三流道与所述 进口连通，该滑道分别通过所述第一流道和第二流道与所述出口连通，所述阀芯选择性地封堵所述第一流道和第二流道。
可选地，所述滑道的底端垫设有缓冲弹簧。
可选地，在所述阀芯的轴向移动方向上，所述第三流道位于所述第一流道和第二流道之间。
可选地，所述滑道竖直向下地开设在所述阀体上。
可选地，所述第一流道、所述第二流道和所述第三流道均垂直于所述滑道设置。
可选地，所述第一流道和第三流道分别形成为开设在所述滑道的侧壁上的第一通孔和第三通孔，所述第二流道形成为开设在所述滑道的侧壁上的所述节流孔。
可选地，所述阀体包括形成所述内部流道的阀座，该阀座上安装有磁性阀杆，该磁性阀杆和所述阀座之间安装有电磁驱动部，所述电磁驱动部通过所述磁性阀杆驱动所述阀芯沿轴向往复移动。
可选地，所述磁性阀杆和所述阀座之间形成有限位部，以在所述电磁驱动部作用于所述磁性阀杆时限定所述磁性阀杆的运动。
可选地，所述限位部包括形成于所述阀座上的限位台阶槽，以及形成于所述磁性阀杆的端部上的限位凸缘，该限位凸缘形状配合地插入至所述限位台阶槽中。
可选地，所述磁性阀杆的端面上形成有避让凹槽，以用于避让所述阀芯。
可选地，所述阀座形成为多面体结构，所述磁性阀杆、所述进口和所述出口分别设置在该多面体结构的不同表面上，其中，所述进口和所述出口相互平行地开设在所述阀体的相对两侧，所述磁性阀杆安装方向分别与所述进口和所述出口相互垂直。
通过上述技术方案，在同一阀体的内部流道上安装一个阀芯，并切换该阀芯的第一工作位置和第二工作位置，从而能够实现制冷剂的直接连通控制或节流膨胀控制功能，且结构简单，易于生产和安装；另外，当本公开提供的膨胀开关阀应用于热泵系统时，可以简化管路连接降低成本，并且减少整个热泵系统的制冷剂充注量，便于压缩机回油。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是根据本公开的一示例性的实施方式提供的膨胀开关阀的立体结构示意图；
图2是根据本公开的一示例性的实施方式提供的膨胀开关阀的剖面结构示意图，其中，第一流道处于导通状态，第二流道处于截止状态；
图3是根据本公开的一示例性的实施方式提供的膨胀开关阀的剖面结构示意图，其中，第二流道处于导通状态，第一流道处于截止状态；
图4是根据本公开的一示例性的实施方式提供的膨胀开关阀的内部结构示意图，其中，第一流道处于导通状态，第二流道处于截止状态；
图5是根据本公开的一示例性的实施方式提供的膨胀开关阀的内部结构示意图，其中，第二流道处于导通状态，第一流道处于截止状态。
附图标记:
500阀体            501进口             502出口
503阀芯            504滑道             505第二流道
515节流孔          506第三流道         516第三通孔
507第一流道        517第一通孔         508缓冲弹簧
510阀座            511磁性阀杆         512电磁驱动部
513限位台阶槽      514限位凸缘         518避让凹槽
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
在本公开中，在未作相反说明的情况下，使用的方位词如“上、下、左、右”通常是相对于附图的图面方向而言的，“上游、下游”是相对于媒介，如，制冷剂的流动方向而言的，具体地，朝向制冷剂的流动方向为下游，背离制冷剂的流动方向为上游，“内、外”是指相应部件轮廓的内与外。
如图1和图2所示，本公开提供一种膨胀开关阀，包括阀体500，其中，该阀体500上形成有进口501、出口502以及连通在进口501和出口502之间的内部流道，内部流道上安装有一个阀芯503并具有分别与出口502连通的第一流道507和第二流道505，第二流道505上具有节流孔515，阀芯503能够沿轴向往复移动以具有第一工作位置和第二工作位置，在第一工作位置，阀芯503截止第二流道505使得进口501和出口502直接连通，在第二工作位置，阀芯503截止第一流道507使得进口501和出口502通过节流孔515连通。
换言之，阀体500的内部流道上形成有与进口501和出口502均连通的第一流道507和第二流道505，且该内部流道上还安装有阀芯503，以使得该进口501和出口502直接连通或者通过该节流孔515连通。
其中，阀芯503所实现的“直接连通”是指从阀体500的进口501进入的冷却剂可以越过阀芯503而通过内部流道不被节流地直接流到阀体500的出口502。阀芯503所实现的“通过节流孔连通”是指从阀体500的进口501进入的冷却剂可以越过阀芯503而通过节流孔515的节流后流到阀体500的出口502。
这样，通过对阀芯503的位置控制，即，切换该阀芯503的第一工作位置和第二工作位置，从而本公开的膨胀开关阀可以使得从进口501进入的冷却剂实现两种状态，即，1)越过阀芯503的直接连通状态；以及2)越过第阀芯503的节流连通状态。
其中，高温高压的液态制冷剂经过节流孔515节流后，可以成为低温低压的雾状的液压制冷剂，从而为制冷剂的蒸发创造条件，即节流孔515的横截面积均小于进口501、出口502和第一流道507的横截面积。即，阀芯503和阀体500的配合可以使得膨胀开关阀具有膨胀阀的功能。
这样，在同一阀体500的内部流道上安装一个阀芯503，并切换该阀芯503的第一工作位置和第二工作位置，以实现进口501和出口502之间的直接连通控制或节流控制功能，结构简单，易于生产和安装；且当本公开提供的膨胀开关阀应用于热泵系统时，可以简化管路连接，减少整个热泵系统的制冷剂充注量，降低成本且更利于热泵系统的回油。
作为阀体500的一种示例性的内部安装结构，如图1至图5所示，阀体500包括形成有内部流道的阀座510，该阀座510上安装有磁性阀杆511，该磁性阀杆511和阀座510之间安装有电磁驱动部512，以通过磁性阀杆511驱动阀芯503沿轴向往复移动。
其中，通过对电磁驱动部512(例如电磁线圈)的通断电的控制能够方便地控制阀芯503切换第一工作位置和第二工作位置，进而控制进口501和出口502直接连通或者通过节流孔515连通。具体地，当电磁驱动部512通电时，能够强化磁性阀杆511的磁场，从而使得磁性阀杆511能够克服阀芯503的重力而吸附阀芯503，阀芯503在磁力作用下移动至滑道504的顶部，进而使得阀芯503截止第一流道507和第二流道505中的一者；当电磁驱动部512断电时，磁性阀杆511的自身磁场不足以使得磁性阀杆511克服阀芯503的重力而吸附阀芯503，阀芯503在重力的作用下，下落至滑道504的底部，进而使得阀芯503截止第一流道507和第二流道505中的另一者。
换言之，可以理解为阀体500内集成地并联安装有共有进口501和出口502的电子膨胀阀和电磁阀，因而能够实现膨胀开关阀的通断或节流的自动化控制，且简化管路走向。
如图2和图3所示，为避免电磁驱动部512通电时，磁性阀杆511在电磁力的作用下运动，磁性阀杆511和阀座510之间形成有限位部，以在电磁驱动部512作用于磁性阀杆511时限定磁性阀杆511的运动。
其中，限位部可以有多种实施方式，如图2和图3所示，为方便磁性阀杆511装配到 阀座510上，限位部包括形成于阀座510上的限位台阶槽513，以及形成于磁性阀杆511的端部上的限位凸缘514，该限位凸缘514形状配合地插入至限位台阶槽513中。以此方式，能够方便地将磁性阀杆511安装到阀座510上。另外，如图2所示，当电磁驱动部512通电后，限位凸缘514和限位台阶槽513的相互配合，能够抑制磁性阀杆511在电磁力的作用下向下运动。
进一步地，为便于磁性阀杆511牢靠地装配到阀座510上，该限位台阶槽513可以形成为顺次相连的多级限位台阶槽，且该多级限位台阶槽的槽口的口径沿磁性阀杆511的插入方向逐渐减小，以便磁性阀杆511的拆装。
为增加阀芯503在滑道504(下文将详述)的移动行程，如图2所示，所述磁性阀杆511的端面上形成有避让凹槽518，以用于避让阀芯503。即，当磁性阀杆511吸附上阀芯503后，阀芯503的部分可以容纳于避让凹槽518中，从而使得阀芯503在截止第一流道507或第二流道505的同时，避免阀芯503截止第三流道506(下文将详述)。
为充分利用膨胀开关阀的各个方向的空间位置，避免膨胀开关阀和不同管路连接产生干涉，阀座510形成为多面体结构，阀座510形成为多面体结构，磁性阀杆511、进口501和出口502分别设置在该多面体结构的不同表面上，其中，进口501和出口502相互平行地开设在阀体500的相对两侧，磁性阀杆511安装方向分别与进口501和出口502相互垂直。这样，可以将进口、出口管路连接在多面体结构的不同表面上，能够避免管路布置凌乱、纠缠的问题。
如图2至图5所示，内部流道包括用于供阀芯503滑动的滑道504，该滑道504通过第三流道506与进口501连通，该滑道504分别通过第一流道507和第二流道505与出口502连通，阀芯503选择性地封堵第一流道507和第二流道505。
即，通过在滑道504内变换阀芯503的位置来选择性地导通由进口501、第三流道506、第一流道507和出口502组成的通流流道或者由进口501、第三流道506、第二流道505和出口502组成的节流流道，从而可以实现上文描述的电磁阀的连通功能以及电子膨胀阀的节流功能。
为保护阀芯503，同时允许阀芯503的长度设计地更短，从而增大阀芯503的移动行程，滑道504的底端垫设有缓冲弹簧508。这样，当电磁驱动部512由导电状态切换至断电状态时，阀芯503掉落过程中能够避免直接与滑道504的底部产生碰撞，影响阀芯503的使用寿命；另外，缓冲弹簧508还增加了阀芯503在滑道504内的高度，更利于截止第二流道505。
为保证阀芯503能够选择性地封堵第二流道或第一流道，如图2所示，在阀芯503的轴向移动方向上，第三流道506位于第一流道507和第二流道505之间。
滑道504可以以任意合适的方式布设在阀体内，为防止阀芯503受到不必要的摩擦力，延长阀芯503的使用寿命，如图2至图5所示，滑道504竖直向下地开设在阀体500上。
为保证内部流道的总长度最短，减少制冷剂流经内部流道的时间，如图2至图5所示，第一流道507、第二流道505和第三流道506均垂直于滑道504设置。以此方式，能保证从第三流道流出的制冷剂快速地流向第二流道或者第一流道。
为方便加工，简化膨胀开关阀的结构，第一流道507和第三流道506分别形成为开设在滑道504的侧壁上的第一通孔517和第三通孔516，第二流道505形成为开设在滑道504的侧壁上的节流孔515。
使用时，当需要使用膨胀开关阀的直接连通功能时，如图2和图4所示，磁性驱动部512通电，阀芯503吸合到磁性阀杆511上，移动至第一工作位置，截止第二流道505，从进口501流入至内部流道的制冷剂完全不能通过节流孔515，只能依次通过第三通孔516、滑道504和第一通孔517流入至出口502中。
需要说明的是，图2和图4中的带箭头的虚线代表制冷剂在使用直接连通功能时的流通路线以及走向。
当只需要使用膨胀开关阀的节流连通功能时，如图3和图5所示，磁性驱动部512断电，阀芯503脱离磁性阀杆511，移动至第二工作位置，截止第一流道507，从进口501流入至内部流道的制冷剂无法通过第一通孔517，只能依次通过第三通孔516、滑道504和节流孔515流入至出口502中。
需要说明的是，图3和图5中的带箭头的虚线代表制冷剂在使用节流连通功能时的流通路线以及走向。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种膨胀开关阀，包括阀体(500)，其特征在于，该阀体(500)上形成有进口(501)、出口(502)以及连通在所述进口(501)和所述出口(502)之间的内部流道，所述内部流道上安装有一个阀芯(503)并具有分别与所述出口(502)连通的第一流道(507)和第二流道(505)，所述第二流道(505)上具有节流孔(515)，所述阀芯(503)能够往复移动以具有第一工作位置和第二工作位置，在所述第一工作位置，所述阀芯(503)截止所述第二流道(505)使得所述进口(501)和所述出口(502)直接连通，在所述第二工作位置，所述阀芯(503)截止所述第一流道(507)使得所述进口(501)和所述出口(502)通过所述节流孔(515)连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的膨胀开关阀，其特征在于，所述内部流道包括用于供所述阀芯(503)滑动的滑道(504)，该滑道(504)通过第三流道(506)与所述进口(501)连通，该滑道(504)分别通过所述第一流道(507)和第二流道(505)与所述出口(502)连通，所述阀芯(503)选择性地封堵所述第一流道(507)和第二流道(505)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的膨胀开关阀，其特征在于，所述滑道(504)的底端垫设有缓冲弹簧(508)。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的膨胀开关阀，其特征在于，在所述阀芯(503)的轴向移动方向上，所述第三流道(506)位于所述第一流道(507)和第二流道(505)之间。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4中任意一项所述的膨胀开关阀，其特征在于，所述滑道(504)竖直向下地开设在所述阀体(500)上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的膨胀开关阀，其特征在于，所述第一流道(507)、所述第二流道(505)和所述第三流道(506)均垂直于所述滑道(504)设置。
  7. 根据权利要求2至6中任一项所述的膨胀开关阀，其特征在于，所述第一流道(507)和第三流道(506)分别形成为开设在所述滑道(504)的侧壁上的第一通孔(517)和第三通孔(516)，所述第二流道(505)形成为开设在所述滑道(504)的侧壁上的所述节流孔(515)。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的膨胀开关阀，其特征在于，所述阀体(500)包括形成所述内部流道的阀座(510)，该阀座(510)上安装有磁性阀杆(511)，该磁性阀杆(511)和所述阀座(510)之间安装有电磁驱动部(512)，所述电磁驱动部(512)通过所述磁性阀杆(511)驱动所述阀芯(503)沿轴向往复移动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的膨胀开关阀，其特征在于，所述磁性阀杆(511)和所述阀座(510)之间形成有限位部，以在所述电磁驱动部(512)作用于所述磁性阀杆(511)时限定所述磁性阀杆(511)的运动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的膨胀开关阀，其特征在于，所述限位部包括形成于所述阀座(510)上的限位台阶槽(513)，以及形成于所述磁性阀杆(511)的端部上的限位凸缘(514)，该限位凸缘(514)形状配合地插入至所述限位台阶槽(513)中。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的膨胀开关阀，其特征在于，所述磁性阀杆(511)的端面上形成有避让凹槽(518)，以用于避让所述阀芯(503)。
  12. 根据权利要求8至11中任意一项所述的膨胀开关阀，其特征在于，所述阀座(510)形成为多面体结构，所述磁性阀杆(511)、所述进口(501)和所述出口(502)分别设置在该多面体结构的不同表面上，其中，所述进口(501)和所述出口(502)相互平行地开设在所述阀体(500)的相对两侧，所述磁性阀杆(511)安装方向分别与所述进口(501)和所述出口(502)相互垂直。
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