WO2018121152A1 - 具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线 - Google Patents

具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018121152A1
WO2018121152A1 PCT/CN2017/112987 CN2017112987W WO2018121152A1 WO 2018121152 A1 WO2018121152 A1 WO 2018121152A1 CN 2017112987 W CN2017112987 W CN 2017112987W WO 2018121152 A1 WO2018121152 A1 WO 2018121152A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dual
port
coupler
frequency
circularly polarized
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/112987
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曲美君
邓力
李书芳
张贯京
葛新科
高伟明
张红治
Original Assignee
深圳市景程信息科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司
Publication of WO2018121152A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018121152A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of satellite communication technologies, and in particular, to a circularly polarized antenna having a dual-band broadband function.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a circularly polarized antenna with dual-band broadband function, which aims to solve the problem that the existing feed network is bulky, which is not conducive to the integration of the RF front end of the circularly polarized antenna, and most of them work in A single frequency point is not conducive to technical problems in working under multi-frequency or broadband conditions.
  • the present invention provides a circularly polarized antenna having a dual-band broadband function, comprising a dielectric plate and a copper-clad metal ground disposed under the dielectric plate, wherein the dielectric plate is provided with four a dual frequency monopole radiation patch and a feed network, the feed network comprising a coaxial connector, a first port, a second port, a third port, a fourth port, a first dual frequency coupler and a second pair Frequency coupler, where:
  • a signal line of the coaxial connector is connected to an input end of the first dual frequency coupler, and a ground line of the coaxial connector is connected to an input end of the second dual frequency coupler;
  • the through end of the first dual frequency coupler is connected to the input end of the first port, the coupling end of the first dual frequency coupler is connected to the input end of the second port, and the isolated end of the first dual frequency coupler is connected to First resistance
  • the through end of the second dual frequency coupler is connected to the input end of the fourth port, the coupling end of the second dual frequency coupler is connected to the input end of the third port, and the isolated end of the second dual frequency coupler is connected to Second resistance.
  • the impedances of the coaxial connector, the first port, the second port, the third port, and the fourth port are both 50 ⁇ .
  • the resistance values of the first resistor and the second resistor are both 50 ⁇ .
  • the first dual frequency coupler and the second dual frequency coupler respectively comprise four double branch impedance matching devices and one branch line coupler, and the four connection ends of the branch line coupler are correspondingly connected Up to four double-branch impedance matchers.
  • the double-branch section impedance matching device comprises a transmission line Z1 and a transmission line ⁇ 2, and the transmission line Z1 is connected in series with the transmission line ⁇ 2.
  • the impedance of the transmission line Z1 is 85 ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 2 is 62 ⁇ .
  • the branch line coupler includes two transmission lines ⁇ 3 and two transmission lines ⁇ 4, and the transmission line ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 3 is 24 ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 4 is 33 ⁇ .
  • the copper-clad metal is connected to a ground plane of the outer shielding box.
  • the circularly polarized antenna with dual-band broadband function of the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and achieves the following technical effects: Since the feeding network can be a dual-frequency monopole radiation sticker The sheets provide equal phase 0°, -90°, -180° and -270° phase shifting respectively, so that the circularly polarized antenna can obtain excellent circular polarization performance. In addition, the miniaturization of the feed network is achieved by rationally arranging the feeder network coupler. The dual-frequency characteristic is realized by the impedance matching of the dual-frequency coupler, and if the two frequency points are relatively close, the broadband characteristic can be realized. Brief description of the drawing
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a preferred embodiment of a circularly polarized antenna having a dual-band wideband function according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of a feed network of a circularly polarized antenna having a dual-band broadband function according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation results of a feed network of a circularly polarized antenna with dual-band broadband function according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing phase difference simulation results of a feed network of a circularly polarized antenna with dual-band broadband function according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a preferred embodiment of a circularly polarized antenna having a dual-band broadband function according to the present invention.
  • the circularly polarized antenna having the dual-band wideband function includes a feed network 10, a dielectric plate 20, and a copper-clad metal ground 30, and the feed network 10 is integrated on the dielectric plate 20.
  • the dielectric board 20 is provided with four dual-frequency monopole radiation patches 21, and four dual-frequency monopole radiation patches 2 1 are sequentially connected to four ports of the feeding network 10 (first port P1, first The output ends of the two ports P2, the third port P3, and the fourth port P4) are symmetrically disposed on the dielectric board 20 with the four ports of the feed network 10 symmetrically positioned.
  • the dielectric plate 20 is a PCB board, and the specific plate type is RO4350B, wherein the relative dielectric constant is 3.48, and the plate thickness is 0.762 mm.
  • the dual-frequency monopole radiation patch 21 is formed by an h-type microstrip line having an impedance of 50 ⁇ (ohm), and the h-type microstrip line can realize the dual-frequency performance of the circularly polarized antenna and pass through the feed network. 10 pairs of four dual-frequency monopole radiation patches 21 are phase shifted by 0°, 90°, 180°, 270° The feed achieves circular polarization performance.
  • the copper-clad metal ground 30 is disposed under the dielectric plate 20 for shielding interference signals in the external environment from interference with the four dual-frequency monopole radiation patches 21.
  • the copper-clad metal ground 30 is connected to the ground plane of the external shielding box (not shown in FIG. 1), and the interference signal adsorbed by the copper-clad metal ground 30 can be guided away from the ground plane, thereby improving the anti-interference performance. .
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the feed network 10 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the feed network 10 includes a coaxial connector P0, a first port P1, a second port P2, a third port P3, a fourth port P4, a first dual frequency coupler 1 and a second Dual frequency coupler 2.
  • the coaxial connector P0 is a coaxial connector having an impedance value of 50 ⁇ as a coaxial feed input terminal of the circularly polarized antenna.
  • the signal line of the coaxial connector P0 is connected to the input terminal of the first dual frequency coupler 1, and the ground of the coaxial connector P0 is connected to the input terminal of the second dual frequency coupler 2.
  • the through end of the first dual frequency coupler 1 is connected to the input end of the first port P1
  • the coupling end of the first dual frequency coupler 1 is connected to the input end of the second port P2
  • the first dual frequency coupler 1 The isolated end is connected to the first resistor R1.
  • the through end of the second dual frequency coupler 2 is connected to the input end of the fourth port P4
  • the coupling end of the second dual frequency coupler 2 is connected to the input end of the third port P3
  • the isolated end of the second dual frequency coupler 2 Connected to the second resistor R2.
  • the resistance values of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are each preferably 50 ⁇ , and the impedances of the coaxial connector ⁇ 0, the first port P1, the second port ⁇ 2, the third port ⁇ 3, and the fourth port ⁇ 4 are preferably optimized. It is 50 ⁇ .
  • the first dual frequency coupler 1 and the second dual frequency coupler 2 each include four double branch impedance matching devices 11 and one branch line coupler 12, and four connection ends of the branch line coupler 12 Correspondingly connected to the four double-branch section impedance matching unit 11, that is, one coupling end of the branch line coupler 12 is connected to a double-branch section impedance matching unit 11.
  • Each of the double-branch impedance matching devices 11 includes a transmission line Z1 and a transmission line ⁇ 2, wherein the transmission line Z1 is connected in series with the transmission line ⁇ 2.
  • the branch line coupler 12 includes two transmission lines ⁇ 3 and two transmission lines ⁇ 4, and the two transmission lines ⁇ 3 and the two transmission lines ⁇ 4 are alternately connected in series to form a ring structure.
  • the impedance of the transmission line Z1 is preferably 85 ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 2 is preferably 62 ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 3 is preferably 24 ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 4 is preferably 33 ⁇ .
  • the impedances of the transmission line Z1, the transmission line ⁇ 2, the transmission line ⁇ 3, and the transmission line ⁇ 4 may also adopt other suitable impedance values.
  • the first dual frequency coupler 1 and the second dual frequency coupler 2 are each composed of twelve transmission lines, and each of the transmission lines has an electrical length of 1/4 wavelength, that is, a transmission line.
  • the electrical lengths of Z1, transmission line ⁇ 2, transmission line ⁇ 3, and transmission line ⁇ 4 are both 1/4 wavelength. Since the four coupling ends of the branch line coupler 12 are correspondingly connected to On the four double-branch impedance matchers 11, impedance transformation can be achieved at two frequencies.
  • the first dual frequency coupler 1 and the second dual frequency coupler 2 achieve dual frequency characteristics if the two frequencies are closely spaced (eg, less than 200 MHz) ), the first dual frequency coupler 1 and the second dual frequency coupler 2 achieve wideband characteristics.
  • the coaxial feed signal line of the coaxial connector P0 (assuming a phase shift of 0° signal) is connected to the first dual-frequency coupler 1, and the phase shift of the signal of 90° can be realized.
  • the first port P1 outputs 0° signal phase shift
  • the second port P2 outputs -90° signal phase shift
  • the coaxial connector P0 coaxially feeds the ground line, which is equivalent to -180° Signal phase shifting.
  • the coaxial connector P0 is connected to the second dual-frequency coupler 2 through the coaxially fed ground, it is also possible to realize a 90° signal phase shift, that is, the third port P3 outputs a -180° signal phase shift, port P. 5 output -270° signal phase shift.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation results of a feed network of a circularly polarized antenna with dual-band broadband function according to the present invention.
  • the reflection coefficient IS01I of the feed network 10 is below -10 dB
  • the relative bandwidth of the feed network 10 can reach 39%, and the circularly polarized antenna is realized. Broadband characteristics.
  • the signal energy obtained with respect to the four output ports of the coaxial connector P0 (such as IS 101, IS20I, IS30I, IS40I in FIG. 3) is around -6 dB, the signal energy can be approximated from the coaxial connector P0.
  • the quarters are equally distributed to the four outputs, i.e., signal energy can be equally distributed from the coaxial connector P0 to the first port P1, the second port P2, the third port P3, and the fourth port P4.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a phase difference simulation result of a feed network of a circularly polarized antenna having a dual-band broadband function according to the present invention.
  • the phase difference between adjacent ports is substantially stabilized near the 90° phase shift, which illustrates the four output ports of the feed network 10 (first port P1, second port P2, third port P3). Excellent phase shifting effect with the fourth port P4).
  • the phases are phase-shifted by 90°. Since the feed network 10 can sequentially output equal amplitude signals of 0 °, -90 °, -180 ° and -270 °, the four monopole radiation patches 21 can achieve circular polarization performance.
  • the circularly polarized antenna with dual-band broadband function can provide equal amplitudes of 0°, -90°, -180° for a dual-frequency monopole radiating patch respectively. -270° phase shifting allows circularly polarized antennas to achieve excellent circular polarization.
  • the miniaturization of the feed network is achieved by rationally arranging the feeder network coupler. Dual frequency characteristics through impedance matching of dual frequency couplers, if two frequency points It is relatively close and can achieve broadband characteristics.
  • the circularly polarized antenna with dual-band broadband function of the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and achieves the following technical effects: Since the feeding network can be a dual-frequency monopole radiation sticker The sheets provide equal phase 0°, -90°, -180° and -270° phase shifting respectively, so that the circularly polarized antenna can obtain excellent circular polarization performance. In addition, the miniaturization of the feed network is achieved by rationally arranging the feeder network coupler. The dual-frequency characteristic is realized by the impedance matching of the dual-frequency coupler, and if the two frequency points are relatively close, the broadband characteristic can be realized.

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Abstract

本实用新型公开一种具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线,包括介质板和敷铜金属地,介质板上设置四个双频单极子辐射贴片和馈电网络,四个双频单极子辐射贴片依次连接馈电网络的四个端口,馈电网络包括同轴连接器、第一双频耦合器和第二双频耦合器,同轴连接器的信号线连接第一双频耦合器的输入端,同轴连接器的地线连接第二双频耦合器的输入端。第一双频耦合器的直通端连接第一端口,第一双频耦合器的耦合端连接第二端口,第一双频耦合器的隔离端连接至第一电阻;第二双频耦合器的直通端连接第四端口,第二双频耦合器的耦合端连接第三端口,第二双频耦合器的隔离端连接第二电阻。本实用新型实现了圆极化天线的小型化、双频特性或宽带特性。

Description

具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线 技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及卫星通信技术领域, 尤其涉及一种具有双频宽带功能的圆极化 天线。
背景技术
[0002] 近年来, 随着卫星导航、 卫星通信的快速发展和广泛应用, 圆极化天线作为这 些系统的前端设备, 其性能指标的优劣, 对于卫星通信手持终端和射频识别读 卡设备的性能起着极其重要的作用。 另外, 为了便于卫星通信终端和射频识别 系统的大规模推广应用, 系统的经济成本和体积大小都是至关重要的考虑因素 , 作为其中重要部件的圆极化天线, 在保证较高性能指标的前提下, 必须具备 成本低廉、 结构紧凑和体积小巧的特点。 在对圆极化天线或阵列天线进行馈电 吋, 需要对馈电网络进行设计。 由于现在的卫星通信系统都需要多频化、 宽带 化、 小型化。 而现有的馈电网络体积庞大, 不利于圆极化天线射频前端的集成 。 而且大多工作在单一频点, 不利于在多频或宽带条件下工作。
技术问题
[0003] 本实用新型的主要目的提供一种具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 旨在解决现 有的馈电网络体积庞大, 不利于圆极化天线射频前端的集成, 而且大多工作在 单一频点, 不利于在多频或宽带条件下工作的技术问题。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 为实现上述目的, 本实用新型提供了一种具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 包 括介质板以及设置在介质板下面的敷铜金属地, 所述介质板上设置有四个双频 单极子辐射贴片以及馈电网络, 所述馈电网络包括同轴连接器、 第一端口、 第 二端口、 第三端口、 第四端口、 第一双频耦合器和第二双频耦合器, 其中:
[0005] 四个双频单极子辐射贴片依次连接在第一端口的输出端、 第二端口的输出端、 第三端口的输出端、 第四端口的输出端, 每一个双频单极子辐射贴片均由呈 h型 的微带线构成;
[0006] 同轴连接器的信号线连接至第一双频耦合器的输入端, 同轴连接器的地线连接 至第二双频耦合器的输入端;
[0007] 第一双频耦合器的直通端连接至第一端口的输入端, 第一双频耦合器的耦合端 连接至第二端口的输入端, 第一双频耦合器的隔离端连接至第一电阻;
[0008] 第二双频耦合器的直通端连接至第四端口的输入端, 第二双频耦合器的耦合端 连接至第三端口的输入端, 第二双频耦合器的隔离端连接至第二电阻。
[0009] 优选的, 所述同轴连接器、 第一端口、 第二端口、 第三端口和第四端口的阻抗 均为 50Ω。
[0010] 优选的, 所述第一电阻和第二电阻的电阻值均为 50Ω。
[0011] 优选的, 所述第一双频耦合器和第二双频耦合器均包括四个双枝节阻抗匹配器 和一个分支线耦合器, 所述分支线耦合器的四个联接端对应连接至四个双枝节 阻抗匹配器上。
[0012] 优选的, 所述双枝节阻抗匹配器包括传输线 Z1和传输线 Ζ2, 传输线 Z1与传输 线 Ζ2串接。
[0013] 优选的, 所述传输线 Z1的阻抗为 85Ω, 所述传输线 Ζ2的阻抗 62Ω。
[0014] 优选的, 所述分支线耦合器包括两节传输线 Ζ3和两节传输线 Ζ4, 所述传输线 Ζ
3和传输线 Ζ4交替串接成环状结构。
[0015] 优选的, 所述传输线 Ζ3的阻抗为 24Ω, 所述传输线 Ζ4的阻抗为 33Ω。
[0016] 优选的, 所述敷铜金属地与外界屏蔽盒的地平面连接。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0017] 相较于现有技术, 本实用新型所述具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线采用上述技 术方案, 达到了如下技术效果: 由于馈电网络可以为个双频单极子辐射贴片分 别提供等幅的 0°、 -90°、 -180°和 -270°移相, 使得圆极化天线可以获得优良的圆 极化性能。 此外, 通过对馈电网络耦合器的合理布设, 实现馈电网络的小型化 。 通过双频耦合器的阻抗匹配实现双频特性, 如果两个频点挨得比较近, 可以 实现宽带特性。 对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0018] 图 1是本实用新型具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线优选实施例的平面结构示意 图;
[0019] 图 2是本实用新型具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线的馈电网络优选实施例的电 路示意图;
[0020] 图 3是本实用新型具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线的馈电网络的 S参数仿真结果 示意图;
[0021] 图 4是本实用新型具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线的馈电网络的相位差仿真结 果示意图。
[0022] 本实用新型目的实现、 功能特点及优点将结合实施例, 将在具体实施方式部分 一并参照附图做进一步说明。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0023] 为更进一步阐述本实用新型为达成上述目的所采取的技术手段及功效, 以下结 合附图及较佳实施例, 对本实用新型的具体实施方式、 结构、 特征及其功效进 行详细说明。 应当理解, 此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本实用新型, 并不用于限定本实用新型。
[0024] 参照图 1所示, 图 1是本实用新型具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线优选实施例的 平面结构示意图。 在本实施例中, 所述具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线包括馈 电网络 10、 介质板 20以及敷铜金属地 30, 所述馈电网络 10集成在介质板 20上。 所述介质板 20上设置有四个双频单极子辐射贴片 21, 四个双频单极子辐射贴片 2 1依次连接在馈电网络 10的四个端口 (第一端口 Pl、 第二端口 P2、 第三端口 P3、 第四端口 P4) 的输出端, 并以馈电网络 10的四个端口为对称位置对称设置在介 质板 20上。 所述介质板 20为一种 PCB板, 具体的板材类型为 RO4350B , 其中相对 介电常数 3.48, 板厚为 0.762mm。 所述双频单极子辐射贴片 21由阻抗为 50Ω (欧 姆) 的呈 h型的微带线构成, h型的微带线能够实现圆极化天线的双频性能, 并 通过馈电网络 10对四个双频单极子辐射贴片 21进行 0°、 90°、 180°、 270°的移相 馈电实现圆极化性能。 所述敷铜金属地 30设置在介质板 20的下面, 用于屏蔽外 部环境中的干扰信号, 以防止其对四个双频单极子辐射贴片 21的干扰。 优选地 , 所述敷铜金属地 30与外界屏蔽盒 (图 1中未画出) 的地平面连接, 可以将敷铜 金属地 30吸附的干扰信号由地平面导走, 从而提高了抗干扰性能。
[0025] 参照图 2所示, 图 2是图 1中所示的馈电网络 10优选实施例的电路示意图。 在本 实施例中, 所述的馈电网络 10包括同轴连接器 P0、 第一端口 Pl、 第二端口 P2、 第三端口 P3、 第四端口 P4、 第一双频耦合器 1和第二双频耦合器 2。 所述同轴连 接器 P0为一个阻抗值为 50Ω的同轴连接器, 作为圆极化天线的同轴馈电输入端。 在本实施例中, 同轴连接器 P0的信号线连接至第一双频耦合器 1的输入端, 同轴 连接器 P0的地线连接至第二双频耦合器 2的输入端。 其中: 第一双频耦合器 1的 直通端连接至第一端口 P1的输入端、 第一双频耦合器 1的耦合端连接至第二端口 P2的输入端、 第一双频耦合器 1的隔离端连接至第一电阻 Rl。 第二双频耦合器 2 的直通端连接至第四端口 P4的输入端、 第二双频耦合器 2的耦合端连接至第三端 口 P3的输入端、 第二双频耦合器 2的隔离端连接至第二电阻 R2。 所述第一电阻 R1 和第二电阻 R2的电阻值均优选为 50Ω, 所述同轴连接器 Ρ0、 第一端口 Pl、 第二 端口 Ρ2、 第三端口 Ρ3和第四端口 Ρ4的阻抗均优选为 50Ω。
[0026] 所述第一双频耦合器 1和第二双频耦合器 2均包括四个双枝节阻抗匹配器 11和一 个分支线耦合器 12, 所述分支线耦合器 12的四个联接端对应连接至四个双枝节 阻抗匹配器 11上, 即分支线耦合器 12的一个联接端连接一个双枝节阻抗匹配器 1 1。 每一个双枝节阻抗匹配器 11包括一节传输线 Z1和一节传输线 Ζ2, 其中传输线 Z1与传输线 Ζ2串接。 所述分支线耦合器 12包括两节传输线 Ζ3和两节传输线 Ζ4, 所述两节传输线 Ζ3和两节传输线 Ζ4交替串接成环状结构。 在本实施例中, 所述 传输线 Z1的阻抗优选为 85Ω, 传输线 Ζ2的阻抗优选为 62Ω, 传输线 Ζ3的阻抗优选 为 24Ω, 以及传输线 Ζ4的阻抗优选为 33Ω。 所述传输线 Zl、 传输线 Ζ2、 传输线 Ζ3 和传输线 Ζ4的阻抗也可采用其它适合阻抗值。
[0027] 在本实施例中, 所述第一双频耦合器 1和第二双频耦合器 2均由十二节传输线组 成, 每一节传输线的电长度均为 1/4波长, 即传输线 Zl、 传输线 Ζ2、 传输线 Ζ3和 传输线 Ζ4的电长度都为 1/4波长。 由于分支线耦合器 12的四个联接端对应连接至 四个双枝节阻抗匹配器 11上, 可以在两个频率上实现阻抗变换。 如果这两个频 率间隔很远 (例如等于或大于 1GHz) , 此吋第一双频耦合器 1和第二双频耦合器 2实现双频特性, 如果这两个频率间隔很近 (例如小于 200MHz) , 此吋第一双 频耦合器 1和第二双频耦合器 2实现宽带特性。
[0028] 结合图 2所示, 同轴连接器 P0的同轴馈电信号线 (假设为 0°的信号移相) 连接 至第一双频耦合器 1上, 可以实现信号 90°的移相, 即第一端口 P1输出 0°的信号移 相, 第二端口 P2输出 -90°的信号移相, 同轴连接器 P0的同轴馈电的地线, 此吋等 效为 -180°的信号移相。 同轴连接器 P0通过同轴馈电的地线连接到第二双频耦合 器 2后, 也可以实现 90°的信号移相, 即第三端口 P3输出 -180°的信号移相, 端口 P 5输出 -270°的信号移相。
[0029] 参考图 3所示, 图 3是本实用新型具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线的馈电网络的 S参数仿真结果示意图。 从图 3可以看出, 在 1.75GHz到 2.35GHz内, 当馈电网络 1 0的反射系数 IS01I在 -10dB以下, 说明馈电网络 10的相对带宽可以达到 39%, 实现 了圆极化天线的宽带特性。 当相对于同轴连接器 P0的四个输出端口得到的信号 能量 (如图 3中的 IS 101、 IS20I、 IS30I、 IS40I) 在 -6dB附近, 说明信号能量可以从 同轴连接器 P0被近似于四等分的分配到四个输出端上, 即信号能量可以从同轴 连接器 P0均等地分配到第一端口 Pl、 第二端口 P2、 第三端口 P3和第四端口 P4。
[0030] 参考图 4所示, 图 4是本实用新型具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线的馈电网络的 相位差仿真结果示意图。 从图 4中可以看出, 相邻端口间的相位差基本稳定在 90° 移相附近, 这说明馈电网络 10的四个输出端口 (第一端口 Pl、 第二端口 P2、 第 三端口 P3和第四端口 P4) 之间有优良的移相效果。 结合图 3所示, 由于四个端口 之间输出的信号是等幅, 相位依次相差 90°移相。 由于馈电网络 10可以依次输出 0 °、 -90°、 -180°和 -270°的等幅信号, 所以四个单极子辐射贴片 21可以实现圆极化 性能。
[0031] 本实用新型所述具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 由于馈电网络可以为个双频 单极子辐射贴片分别提供等幅的 0°、 -90°、 -180°和 -270°移相, 使得圆极化天线 可以获得优良的圆极化性能。 此外, 通过对馈电网络耦合器的合理布设, 实现 馈电网络的小型化。 通过双频耦合器的阻抗匹配实现双频特性, 如果两个频点 挨得比较近, 可以实现宽带特性。
[0032] 以上仅为本实用新型的优选实施例, 并非因此限制本实用新型的专利范围, 凡 是利用本实用新型说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效功能变换, 或直接 或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域, 均同理包括在本实用新型的专利保护范围 内。
工业实用性
[0033] 相较于现有技术, 本实用新型所述具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线采用上述技 术方案, 达到了如下技术效果: 由于馈电网络可以为个双频单极子辐射贴片分 别提供等幅的 0°、 -90°、 -180°和 -270°移相, 使得圆极化天线可以获得优良的圆 极化性能。 此外, 通过对馈电网络耦合器的合理布设, 实现馈电网络的小型化 。 通过双频耦合器的阻抗匹配实现双频特性, 如果两个频点挨得比较近, 可以 实现宽带特性。

Claims

权利要求书 一种具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 包括介质板以及设置在介质板 下面的敷铜金属地, 其特征在于, 所述介质板上设置有四个双频单极 子辐射贴片以及馈电网络, 所述馈电网络包括同轴连接器、 第一端口 、 第二端口、 第三端口、 第四端口、 第一双频耦合器和第二双频耦合 器, 其中: 四个双频单极子辐射贴片依次连接在第一端口的输出端、 第二端口的输出端、 第三端口的输出端、 第四端口的输出端, 每一个 双频单极子辐射贴片均由呈 h型的微带线构成; 同轴连接器的信号线 连接至第一双频耦合器的输入端, 同轴连接器的地线连接至第二双频 耦合器的输入端; 第一双频耦合器的直通端连接至第一端口的输入端 , 第一双频耦合器的耦合端连接至第二端口的输入端, 第一双频耦合 器的隔离端连接至第一电阻; 第二双频耦合器的直通端连接至第四端 口的输入端, 第二双频耦合器的耦合端连接至第三端口的输入端, 第 二双频耦合器的隔离端连接至第二电阻。
如权利要求 1所述的具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 其特征在于, 所述同轴连接器、 第一端口、 第二端口、 第三端口以及第四端口的阻 抗均为 50Ω。
如权利要求 2所述的具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一电阻和第二电阻的电阻值均为 50Ω。
如权利要求 1所述的具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一双频耦合器和第二双频耦合器均包括四个双枝节阻抗匹配器 和一个分支线耦合器, 所述分支线耦合器的四个联接端对应连接至四 个双枝节阻抗匹配器上。
如权利要求 4所述的具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 其特征在于, 所述双枝节阻抗匹配器包括传输线 Z1和传输线 Ζ2, 所述传输线 Z1与 传输线 Ζ2串接。
如权利要求 5所述的具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 其特征在于, 所述传输线 Z1的阻抗为 85Ω, 所述传输线 Ζ2的阻抗为 62Ω。 [权利要求 7] 如权利要求 4所述的具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 其特征在于, 所述分支线耦合器包括两节传输线 Z3和两节传输线 Z4, 所述传输线 Z
3和传输线 Z4交替串接成环状结构。
[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 7所述的具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 其特征在于, 所述传输线 Z3的阻抗为 24Ω, 所述传输线 Ζ4的阻抗为 33Ω。
[权利要求 9] 如权利要求 1至 8任一项所述的具有双频宽带功能的圆极化天线, 其特 征在于, 所述敷铜金属地与外界屏蔽盒的地平面连接。
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