WO2018120594A1 - 双频宽带四臂螺旋天线 - Google Patents

双频宽带四臂螺旋天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018120594A1
WO2018120594A1 PCT/CN2017/084464 CN2017084464W WO2018120594A1 WO 2018120594 A1 WO2018120594 A1 WO 2018120594A1 CN 2017084464 W CN2017084464 W CN 2017084464W WO 2018120594 A1 WO2018120594 A1 WO 2018120594A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dual
port
frequency coupler
helical antenna
coupler
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PCT/CN2017/084464
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曲美君
邓力
李书芳
张贯京
葛新科
高伟明
张红治
Original Assignee
深圳市景程信息科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018120594A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018120594A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of satellite communication technologies, and in particular, to a dual-band wideband four-arm helical antenna.
  • the existing feeder network is bulky, which is not conducive to the integration of the RF front end of the four-arm helical antenna. And most of them work at a single frequency, which is not conducive to working under multi-frequency or broadband conditions.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a dual-band broadband four-arm helical antenna, which aims to solve the problem that the existing feeder network is bulky, which is not conducive to the integration of the RF front end of the four-arm helical antenna, and most of them work at a single frequency point. It is not conducive to technical problems in working under multi-frequency or broadband conditions.
  • the present invention provides a dual-band wideband four-arm helical antenna comprising a cylindrical radiator and a feeding network, the outer surface of the cylindrical radiator being provided with four spiral radiating arms, each of which One end of the spiral radiating arm is provided with a metal post, and the feeding network comprises a coaxial connector, a first port, a second port, a third port, a fourth port, a first dual frequency coupler and a second dual frequency coupling , where
  • the through end of the first dual frequency coupler is connected to the input end of the first port, the coupling end of the first dual frequency coupler is connected to the input end of the second port, and the isolated end of the first dual frequency coupler is connected to First resistance
  • the through end of the second dual frequency coupler is connected to the input end of the fourth port, the coupling end of the second dual frequency coupler is connected to the input end of the third port, and the isolated end of the second dual frequency coupler is connected to Second resistance
  • the first dual frequency coupler and the second dual frequency coupler are each composed of twelve transmission lines, each of which has an electrical length of 1/4 wavelength.
  • each of the spiral radiating arms is composed of two microstrip lines, wherein the second microstrip line is L-shaped and connected to the first microstrip line.
  • the impedances of the coaxial connector, the first port, the second port, the third port, and the fourth port are both 50 ⁇ .
  • the resistance values of the first resistor and the second resistor are both 50 ⁇ .
  • the first dual frequency coupler and the second dual frequency coupler respectively comprise four double branch impedance matching devices and one branch line coupler, and four connection ends of the branch line coupler are correspondingly connected Four double-branched impedance matchers.
  • the double-branch section impedance matching device comprises a transmission line Z1 and a transmission line ⁇ 2, and the transmission line Z1 is connected in series with the transmission line ⁇ 2.
  • the impedance of the transmission line Z1 is 85 ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 2 is 62 ⁇ .
  • the branch line coupler includes two transmission lines ⁇ 3 and two transmission lines ⁇ 4, and the transmission line ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 3 is 24 ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 4 is 33 ⁇ .
  • the dual-band wideband quadrifilar helical antenna of the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and achieves the following technical effects: Since the feeding network can provide equal amplitude 0° for the four-arm helical antenna, -90°, -180°, and -270° phase shifting, in addition, allows the four-arm helical antenna to achieve excellent circular polarization performance.
  • the miniaturization of the feed network is realized by rationally arranging the dual-frequency coupler of the feed network. Dual frequency coupling
  • the impedance matching of the device realizes the dual-frequency characteristic, and if the two frequency points are relatively close, the broadband characteristic can be realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective structural view of a preferred embodiment of a dual-band wideband quadrifilar helical antenna according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a plane of a radiator of a dual-band wideband four-arm helical antenna of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a feed network of a dual-band wideband quadrifilar helical antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing S-parameter simulation results of a feed network of a dual-band wideband quadrifilar helical antenna according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing phase difference simulation results of a feed network of a dual-band wideband four-arm helical antenna of the present invention.
  • the dual-band wideband quadrifilar helical antenna includes a feeding network 10 and a cylindrical radiator 20, and the outer surface of the cylindrical radiator 20 is provided with four spiral radiating arms 30, each of which is a spiral radiating arm One end of 30 is provided with a metal post 40.
  • the four spiral radiating arms 30 are sequentially connected to the four ports of the feed network 10 through the respective metal posts 40 (refer to the first port P1, the second port P2, the third port P3, the fourth port P4 shown in FIG. 3)
  • the feed network 10 is integrated on a PCB.
  • the specific plate type of the PCB is RO4350B, which has a relative dielectric constant of 3.48 and a plate thickness of 0.762 mm.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the plane of the radiator of the dual-band wideband four-arm helical antenna of the present invention.
  • the cylindrical radiator 20 is made of a soft and light dielectric plate, and the specific plate type is a FR4 type dielectric plate in which the dielectric plate is bent into a hollow cylindrical radiator 20 with a relative dielectric constant of 2.2.
  • Four spiral radiating arms 30 are printed on the dielectric plate of the cylindrical radiator 20, preferably, adjacent two spiral radiating arms 3
  • the vertical distance L0 between 0 is 51 mm.
  • Each of the spiral radiating arms 30 is composed of two microstrip lines, and the second microstrip line is L-shaped and connected to the first microstrip line.
  • the first microstrip line has a length L1 of 142 mm and a width L2 of 12 mm
  • the second microstrip line has an L-shaped L4 length of 138 mm and a width L5 of 5 mm.
  • the connection length L3 between the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line is 10.5 mm.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the feed network 10 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the feed network 10 includes a coaxial connector! 5.
  • the coaxial connector P is a coaxial connector having an impedance value of 50 ⁇ as a coaxial feed input terminal of the feed network 10.
  • the signal line of the coaxial connector P is connected to the input terminal of the first dual frequency coupler 1, and the ground of the coaxial connector P is connected to the input terminal of the second dual frequency coupler 2.
  • the through end of the first dual frequency coupler 1 is connected to the input end of the first port P1, the coupling end of the first dual frequency coupler 1 is connected to the input end of the second port P2, and the first dual frequency coupler 1 The isolated end is connected to the first resistor R1.
  • the through end of the second dual frequency coupler 2 is connected to the input end of the fourth port P4, the coupling end of the second dual frequency coupler 2 is connected to the input end of the third port P3, and the isolated end of the second dual frequency coupler 2 Connected to the second resistor R2.
  • the resistance values of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are each preferably 50 ⁇ , the coaxial connector! 5.
  • the impedances of the first port P1, the second port ⁇ 2, the third port ⁇ 3, and the fourth port ⁇ 4 are each preferably 50 ⁇ .
  • the first dual frequency coupler 1 and the second dual frequency coupler 2 each include four double branch impedance matching devices 11 and one branch line coupler 12, and four connection ends of the branch line coupler 12 Correspondingly connected to the four double-branch section impedance matching unit 11, that is, one coupling end of the branch line coupler 12 is connected to a double-branch section impedance matching unit 11.
  • Each of the double-branch impedance matching devices 11 includes a transmission line Z1 and a transmission line ⁇ 2, wherein the transmission line Z1 is connected in series with the transmission line ⁇ 2.
  • the branch line coupler 12 includes two transmission lines ⁇ 3 and two transmission lines ⁇ 4, and the two transmission lines ⁇ 3 and the two transmission lines ⁇ 4 are alternately connected in series to form a ring structure.
  • the impedance of the transmission line Z1 is preferably 85 ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 2 is preferably 62 ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 3 is preferably 24 ⁇
  • the impedance of the transmission line ⁇ 4 is preferably 33 ⁇ .
  • the first dual frequency coupler 1 and the second dual frequency coupler 2 are each composed of twelve transmission lines, and each of the transmission lines has an electrical length of 1/4 wavelength, that is, The electrical lengths of the transmission line Z1, the transmission line ⁇ 2, the transmission line ⁇ 3, and the transmission line ⁇ 4 are both 1/4 wavelength. Since the four coupling ends of the branch line coupler 12 are correspondingly connected to the four double-branch section impedance matchers 11, impedance transformation can be realized at two frequencies.
  • the frequency is very far apart (for example, equal to or greater than 1 GHz), and the first dual frequency coupler 1 and the second dual frequency coupler 2 realize dual frequency characteristics, if the two frequencies are closely spaced (for example, less than 200 MHz), The first dual frequency coupler 1 and the second dual frequency coupler 2 achieve broadband characteristics.
  • the coaxial feed signal line of the coaxial connector P (assuming a phase shift of 0° signal) is connected to the first dual-frequency coupler 1, and the phase shift of the signal of 90° can be realized.
  • the first port P1 outputs 0° signal phase shift
  • the second port P2 outputs -90° signal phase shift
  • the coaxial connector P coaxially feeds the ground line, which is equivalent to -180° Signal phase shifting.
  • the coaxial connector P is connected to the second dual-frequency coupler 2 through the coaxially fed ground, it is also possible to realize a 90° signal phase shift, that is, the third port P3 outputs a -180° signal phase shift, port P5. Output -270° signal phase shift.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation results of a feed network of a dual-band wideband quadrifilar helical antenna of the present invention. It can be seen from Fig. 4 that the reflection coefficient IS00I of the coaxial connector P0 is below -10 dB in the range of 1.75 GHz to 2.35 GHz, indicating that the relative bandwidth of the feed network 10 can reach 39%, and the broadband characteristics of the feed network are realized. .
  • the signal energy obtained with respect to the four output ports of the coaxial connector P0 (such as ⁇ , IS20I, IS30I, IS40I in FIG. 2) is around -6 dB, the signal energy can be approximated from the coaxial connector P0 to four. The aliquots are distributed to the four outputs, i.e., signal energy can be equally distributed from the coaxial connector P0 to the first port P1, the second port P2, the third port P3, and the fourth port P4.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the phase difference simulation result of the feed network of the dual-band wideband quadrifilar helical antenna of the present invention.
  • the phase difference between adjacent ports is substantially stabilized near the 90° phase shift, which illustrates the four output ports of the feed network 10 (first port P1, second port P2, third port P3). Excellent phase shifting effect with the fourth port P4).
  • the phases are shifted by 90° in order.
  • the dual-band wideband four-arm helical antenna of the present invention uses a feed network to provide equal-amplitude 0°, -90°, -180°, and -270° phase shifting for a four-arm helical antenna, respectively, so that the four-arm helical antenna Excellent circular polarization performance can be obtained.
  • the miniaturization of the feed network is realized by rationally arranging the dual-frequency coupler of the feed network.
  • the dual-frequency characteristic is realized by the impedance matching of the dual-frequency coupler of the feed network, and if the two frequencies are relatively close, the broadband characteristic can be realized.
  • the dual-band wideband quadrifilar helical antenna of the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and achieves the following technical effects: Since the feeding network can provide equal amplitude 0°, -90° for the four-arm helical antenna respectively , -180° and -270° phase shifting, in addition, the four-arm helical antenna can achieve excellent circular polarization performance.
  • the miniaturization of the feed network is realized by rationally arranging the dual-frequency coupler of the feed network.
  • the dual-frequency characteristic is realized by the impedance matching of the dual-frequency coupler, and if the two frequency points are relatively close, the broadband characteristic can be realized.

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Abstract

本发明公开一种双频宽带四臂螺旋天线,包括馈电网络和圆柱形辐射体,圆柱形辐射体的外表面设置有四条螺旋辐射臂,每一条螺旋辐射臂通过各自的金属柱依次连接在馈电网络的四个端口上,馈电网络包括同轴连接器、第一双频耦合器和第二双频耦合器,同轴连接器的信号线连接第一双频耦合器的输入端,同轴连接器的地线连接第二双频耦合器的输入端。第一双频耦合器的直通端连接第一端口,第一双频耦合器的耦合端连接第二端口,第一双频耦合器的隔离端连接至第一电阻;第二双频耦合器的直通端连接第四端口,第二双频耦合器的耦合端连接第三端口,第二双频耦合器的隔离端连接第二电阻。本发明既能实现四臂螺旋天线的双频特性又能实现宽带特性。

Description

说明书 发明名称:双频宽带四臂螺旋天线 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及卫星通信技术领域, 尤其涉及一种双频宽带四臂螺旋天线。
背景技术
[0002] 近年来, 随着卫星导航、 卫星通信的快速发展和广泛应用, 四臂螺旋天线作为 这些系统的前端设备, 其性能指标的优劣, 对于卫星通信手持终端和射频识别 读卡设备的性能起着极其重要的作用。 另外, 为了便于卫星通信终端和射频识 别系统的大规模推广应用, 系统的经济成本和体积大小都是至关重要的考虑因 素, 作为其中重要部件的圆极化天线, 在保证较高性能指标的前提下, 必须具 备成本低廉、 结构紧凑和体积小巧的特点。 在对四臂螺旋天线的馈电网络进行 馈电吋, 需要对馈电网络进行设计。 由于现在的四臂螺旋天线都需要多频化、 宽带化、 小型化。 而现有的馈电网络体积庞大, 不利于四臂螺旋天线射频前端 的集成。 而且大多工作在单一频点, 不利于在多频或宽带条件下工作。
技术问题
[0003] 本发明的主要目的提供一种双频宽带四臂螺旋天线, 旨在解决现有的馈电网络 体积庞大, 不利于四臂螺旋天线射频前端的集成, 而且大多工作在单一频点, 不利于在多频或宽带条件下工作的技术问题。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 为实现上述目的, 本发明提供了一种双频宽带四臂螺旋天线, 包括圆柱形辐射 体和馈电网络, 所述圆柱形辐射体的外表面设置有四条螺旋辐射臂, 每一条螺 旋辐射臂的一端设置有一个金属柱, 所述馈电网络包括同轴连接器、 第一端口 、 第二端口、 第三端口、 第四端口、 第一双频耦合器和第二双频耦合器, 其中
[0005] 四条螺旋辐射臂通过各自的金属柱依次连接在第一端口的输出端、 第二端口的 输出端、 第三端口的输出端、 第四端口的输出端; [0006] 同轴连接器的信号线连接至第一双频耦合器的输入端, 同轴连接器的地线连接 至第二双频耦合器的输入端;
[0007] 第一双频耦合器的直通端连接至第一端口的输入端, 第一双频耦合器的耦合端 连接至第二端口的输入端, 第一双频耦合器的隔离端连接至第一电阻;
[0008] 第二双频耦合器的直通端连接至第四端口的输入端, 第二双频耦合器的耦合端 连接至第三端口的输入端, 第二双频耦合器的隔离端连接至第二电阻;
[0009] 第一双频耦合器和第二双频耦合器均由十二节传输线组成, 每一节传输线的电 长度均为 1/4波长。
[0010] 优选的, 所述每一条螺旋辐射臂由两根微带线构成, 其中第二根微带线呈 L型 且与第一根微带线连接。
[0011] 优选的, 所述同轴连接器、 第一端口、 第二端口、 第三端口和第四端口的阻抗 均为 50Ω。
[0012] 优选的, 所述第一电阻和第二电阻的电阻值均为 50Ω。
[0013] 优选的, 所述第一双频耦合器和第二双频耦合器均包括四个双枝节阻抗匹配器 和一个分支线耦合器, 所述分支线耦合器的四个联接端对应连接四个双枝节阻 抗匹配器上。
[0014] 优选的, 所述双枝节阻抗匹配器包括传输线 Z1和传输线 Ζ2, 传输线 Z1与传输 线 Ζ2串接。
[0015] 优选的, 所述传输线 Z1的阻抗为 85Ω, 所述传输线 Ζ2的阻抗为 62Ω。
[0016] 优选的, 所述分支线耦合器包括两节传输线 Ζ3和两节传输线 Ζ4, 所述传输线 Ζ
3和传输线 Ζ4交替串接成环状结构。
[0017] 优选的, 所述传输线 Ζ3的阻抗为 24Ω, 所述传输线 Ζ4的阻抗为 33Ω。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0018] 相较于现有技术, 本发明所述双频宽带四臂螺旋天线采用上述技术方案, 达到 了如下技术效果: 由于馈电网络可以为四臂螺旋天线分别提供等幅的 0°、 -90°、 -180°和 -270°移相, 此外, 使得四臂螺旋天线可以获得优良的圆极化性能。 通过 对馈电网络的双频耦合器的合理布设, 实现馈电网络的小型化。 通过双频耦合 器的阻抗匹配实现双频特性, 如果两个频点挨得比较近, 可以实现宽带特性。 对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0019] 图 1是本发明双频宽带四臂螺旋天线优选实施例的立体结构示意图;
[0020] 图 2是本发明双频宽带四臂螺旋天线的辐射体的平面展幵示意图;
[0021] 图 3是本发明双频宽带四臂螺旋天线的馈电网络的电路示意图;
[0022] 图 4是本发明双频宽带四臂螺旋天线的馈电网络的 S参数仿真结果示意图;
[0023] 图 5是本发明双频宽带四臂螺旋天线的馈电网络的相位差仿真结果示意图。
[0024] 本发明目的实现、 功能特点及优点将结合实施例, 将在具体实施方式部分一并 参照附图做进一步说明。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0025] 为更进一步阐述本发明为达成上述目的所采取的技术手段及功效, 以下结合附 图及较佳实施例, 对本发明的具体实施方式、 结构、 特征及其功效进行详细说 明。 应当理解, 此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明, 并不用于限定 本发明。
[0026] 参照图 1所示, 图 1是本发明双频宽带四臂螺旋天线优选实施例的立体结构示意 图。 在本实施例中, 所述双频宽带四臂螺旋天线包括馈电网络 10和圆柱形辐射 体 20, 所述圆柱形辐射体 20的外表面设置有四条螺旋辐射臂 30, 每一条螺旋辐 射臂 30的一端设置有一个金属柱 40。 四条螺旋辐射臂 30通过各自的金属柱 40依 次连接在馈电网络 10的四个端口 (参考图 3所示的第一端口 Pl、 第二端口 P2、 第 三端口 P3、 第四端口 P4) 的输出端, 所述馈电网络 10集成在 PCB板上。 PCB板采 用具体的板材类型为 RO4350B , 其中相对介电常数 3.48, 板厚为 0.762mm。
[0027] 参考图 2所示, 图 2是本发明双频宽带四臂螺旋天线的辐射体的平面展幵示意图 。 所述圆柱形辐射体 20由柔软轻薄的介质板制成, 具体的板材类型为 FR4型的介 质板, 其中相对介电常数 2.2, 将介质板弯曲成中空的圆柱形辐射体 20。 四条螺 旋辐射臂 30印制在圆柱形辐射体 20的介质板上, 优选的, 相邻两条螺旋辐射臂 3 0之间的垂直距离 L0为 51mm。 每一条螺旋辐射臂 30由两根微带线组成, 第二根 微带线呈 L型且与第一根微带线连接。 其中, 第一根微带线的长度 L1为 142mm、 宽度 L2为 12mm, 第二根微带线呈 L型的 L4长度为 138mm、 宽度 L5为 5mm。 第一 根微带线和第二根微带线之间的连接长度 L3为 10.5mm。
[0028] 参照图 3所示, 图 3是图 1中所示的馈电网络 10优选实施例的电路示意图。 在本 实施例中, 所述的馈电网络 10包括同轴连接器!5、 第一端口 Pl、 第二端口 P2、 第 三端口 P3、 第四端口 P4、 第一双频耦合器 1和第二双频耦合器 2。 所述同轴连接 器 P为一个阻抗值为 50Ω的同轴连接器, 作为馈电网络 10的同轴馈电输入端。 在 本实施例中, 同轴连接器 P的信号线连接至第一双频耦合器 1的输入端, 同轴连 接器 P的地线连接至第二双频耦合器 2的输入端。 其中: 第一双频耦合器 1的直通 端连接至第一端口 P1的输入端、 第一双频耦合器 1的耦合端连接至第二端口 P2的 输入端、 第一双频耦合器 1的隔离端连接至第一电阻 Rl。 第二双频耦合器 2的直 通端连接至第四端口 P4的输入端、 第二双频耦合器 2的耦合端连接至第三端口 P3 的输入端、 第二双频耦合器 2的隔离端连接至第二电阻 R2。 所述第一电阻 R1和第 二电阻 R2的电阻值均优选为 50Ω, 所述同轴连接器!5、 第一端口 Pl、 第二端口 Ρ2 、 第三端口 Ρ3和第四端口 Ρ4的阻抗均优选为 50Ω。
[0029] 所述第一双频耦合器 1和第二双频耦合器 2均包括四个双枝节阻抗匹配器 11和一 个分支线耦合器 12, 所述分支线耦合器 12的四个联接端对应连接至四个双枝节 阻抗匹配器 11上, 即分支线耦合器 12的一个联接端连接一个双枝节阻抗匹配器 1 1。 每一个双枝节阻抗匹配器 11包括一节传输线 Z1和一节传输线 Ζ2, 其中传输线 Z1与传输线 Ζ2串接。 所述分支线耦合器 12包括两节传输线 Ζ3和两节传输线 Ζ4, 所述两节传输线 Ζ3和两节传输线 Ζ4交替串接成环状结构。 在本实施例中, 所述 传输线 Z1的阻抗优选为 85Ω, 传输线 Ζ2的阻抗优选为 62Ω, 传输线 Ζ3的阻抗优选 为 24Ω, 以及传输线 Ζ4的阻抗优选为 33Ω。
[0030] 在本实施例中, 所述第一双频耦合器 1和第二双频耦合器 2均由十二节传输线组 成, 每一节传输线的电长度均为 1/4波长, 即所述传输线 Zl、 传输线 Ζ2、 传输线 Ζ3和传输线 Ζ4的电长度都为 1/4波长。 由于分支线耦合器 12的四个联接端对应连 接至四个双枝节阻抗匹配器 11上, 可以在两个频率上实现阻抗变换。 如果这两 个频率间隔很远 (例如等于或大于 1GHz) , 此吋第一双频耦合器 1和第二双频耦 合器 2实现双频特性, 如果这两个频率间隔很近 (例如小于 200MHz) , 此吋第 一双频耦合器 1和第二双频耦合器 2实现宽带特性。
[0031] 结合图 3所示, 同轴连接器 P的同轴馈电信号线 (假设为 0°的信号移相) 连接至 第一双频耦合器 1上, 可以实现信号 90°的移相, 即第一端口 P1输出 0°的信号移相 , 第二端口 P2输出 -90°的信号移相, 同轴连接器 P的同轴馈电的地线, 此吋等效 为 -180°的信号移相。 同轴连接器 P通过同轴馈电的地线连接到第二双频耦合器 2 后, 也可以实现 90°的信号移相, 即第三端口 P3输出 -180°的信号移相, 端口 P5输 出 -270°的信号移相。
[0032] 参考图 4所示, 图 4是本发明双频宽带四臂螺旋天线的馈电网络的 S参数仿真结 果示意图。 从图 4可以看出, 在 1.75GHz到 2.35GHz内, 同轴连接器 P0的反射系数 IS00I在 -10dB以下, 说明馈电网络 10的相对带宽可以达到 39%, 实现了馈电网络 的宽带特性。 当相对于同轴连接器 P0的四个输出端口得到的信号能量 (如图 2中 的闘、 IS20I、 IS30I、 IS40I) 在 -6dB附近, 说明信号能量可以从同轴连接器 P0被 近似于四等分的分配到四个输出端上, 即信号能量可以从同轴连接器 P0均等地 分配到第一端口 Pl、 第二端口 P2、 第三端口 P3和第四端口 P4。
[0033] 参考图 5所示, 图 5是本发明双频宽带四臂螺旋天线的馈电网络的相位差仿真结 果示意图。 从图 5中可以看出, 相邻端口间的相位差基本稳定在 90°移相附近, 这 说明馈电网络 10的四个输出端口 (第一端口 Pl、 第二端口 P2、 第三端口 P3和第 四端口 P4) 之间有优良的移相效果。 结合图 4所示, 由于四个端口之间输出的信 号是等幅, 相位依次相差 90°移相。
[0034] 本发明所述双频宽带四臂螺旋天线利用馈电网络为四臂螺旋天线分别提供等幅 的 0°、 -90°、 -180°和 -270°移相, 使得四臂螺旋天线可以获得优良的圆极化性能 。 此外, 通过对馈电网络的双频耦合器的合理布设, 实现馈电网络的小型化。 通过馈电网络的双频耦合器的阻抗匹配实现双频特性, 如果两个频点挨得比较 近, 可以实现宽带特性。
[0035] 以上仅为本发明的优选实施例, 并非因此限制本发明的专利范围, 凡是利用本 发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效功能变换, 或直接或间接运用在 其他相关的技术领域, 均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
工业实用性
相较于现有技术, 本发明所述双频宽带四臂螺旋天线采用上述技术方案, 达到 了如下技术效果: 由于馈电网络可以为四臂螺旋天线分别提供等幅的 0°、 -90°、 -180°和 -270°移相, 此外, 使得四臂螺旋天线可以获得优良的圆极化性能。 通过 对馈电网络的双频耦合器的合理布设, 实现馈电网络的小型化。 通过双频耦合 器的阻抗匹配实现双频特性, 如果两个频点挨得比较近, 可以实现宽带特性。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种双频宽带四臂螺旋天线, 包括圆柱形辐射体和馈电网络, 其特征 在于, 所述圆柱形辐射体的外表面设置有四条螺旋辐射臂, 每一条螺 旋辐射臂的一端设置有一个金属柱, 所述馈电网络包括同轴连接器、 第一端口、 第二端口、 第三端口、 第四端口、 第一双频耦合器和第二 双频耦合器, 其中: 四条螺旋辐射臂通过各自的金属柱依次连接在第 一端口的输出端、 第二端口的输出端、 第三端口的输出端、 第四端口 的输出端; 同轴连接器的信号线连接至第一双频耦合器的输入端, 同 轴连接器的地线连接至第二双频耦合器的输入端; 第一双频耦合器的 直通端连接至第一端口的输入端, 第一双频耦合器的耦合端连接至第 二端口的输入端, 第一双频耦合器的隔离端连接至第一电阻; 第二双 频耦合器的直通端连接至第四端口的输入端, 第二双频耦合器的耦合 端连接至第三端口的输入端, 第二双频耦合器的隔离端连接至第二电 阻; 第一双频耦合器和第二双频耦合器均由十二节传输线组成, 每一 节传输线的电长度均为 1/4波长。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的双频宽带四臂螺旋天线, 其特征在于, 所述每一 条螺旋辐射臂由两根微带线构成, 其中第二根微带线呈 L型且与第一 根微带线连接。
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 1所述的双频宽带四臂螺旋天线, 其特征在于, 所述同轴 连接器、 第一端口、 第二端口、 第三端口和第四端口的阻抗均为 50Ω
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 3所述的双频宽带四臂螺旋天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一 电阻和第二电阻的电阻值均为 50Ω。
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 1所述的双频宽带四臂螺旋天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一 双频耦合器和第二双频耦合器均包括四个双枝节阻抗匹配器和一个分 支线耦合器, 所述分支线耦合器的四个联接端对应连接四个双枝节阻 抗匹配器上。
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 5所述的双频宽带四臂螺旋天线, 其特征在于, 所述双枝 节阻抗匹配器包括传输线 Z 1和传输线 Z2, 传输线 Z 1与传输线 Z2串接
[权利要求 7] 如权利要求 6所述的双频宽带四臂螺旋天线, 其特征在于, 所述传输 线 Z1的阻抗为 85Ω, 所述传输线 Ζ2的阻抗为 62Ω。
[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 5所述的双频宽带四臂螺旋天线, 其特征在于, 所述分支 线耦合器包括两节传输线 Ζ3和两节传输线 Ζ4, 所述传输线 Ζ3和传输 线 Ζ4交替串接成环状结构。
[权利要求 9] 如权利要求 8所述的双频宽带四臂螺旋天线, 其特征在于, 所述传输 线 Ζ3的阻抗为 24Ω, 所述传输线 Ζ4的阻抗为 33Ω。
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