WO2018120772A1 - 配电网接地故障定位方法、系统及存储介质 - Google Patents

配电网接地故障定位方法、系统及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018120772A1
WO2018120772A1 PCT/CN2017/093180 CN2017093180W WO2018120772A1 WO 2018120772 A1 WO2018120772 A1 WO 2018120772A1 CN 2017093180 W CN2017093180 W CN 2017093180W WO 2018120772 A1 WO2018120772 A1 WO 2018120772A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fault
phase
line
distribution network
file
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PCT/CN2017/093180
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴新玲
刘珅
赵铁军
虞跃
周维岳
田传波
乔克
朱晓岭
刘亚新
梁东
闫爱梅
张书翰
张莉莉
袁艺
武雪梅
朱健
孙凌晨
王思宁
冷曼
Original Assignee
北京国电通网络技术有限公司
国网冀北电力有限公司
国网秦皇岛供电公司
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Application filed by 北京国电通网络技术有限公司, 国网冀北电力有限公司, 国网秦皇岛供电公司 filed Critical 北京国电通网络技术有限公司
Priority to US16/472,955 priority Critical patent/US10962582B2/en
Publication of WO2018120772A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018120772A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
    • Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of fault location of distribution network, in particular to a ground fault fault location method and system for distribution network and a computer storage medium.
  • the single-phase ground fault has the highest incidence rate, accounting for about 80%.
  • Single-phase ground faults occur frequently in humid weather, which not only affects the user's normal power supply, but also may cause overvoltage, burn out equipment, or even cause phase-to-phase short circuit to expand the accident, so this fault will seriously affect the power distribution equipment and Distribution network security.
  • the fault current is small and the fault characteristics are not obvious. Therefore, it is very difficult to determine the single-phase ground fault.
  • single-phase ground faults are mainly detected by the following methods:
  • the small current grounding line selection device can only select the line with the ground fault, give an indication signal, and cannot locate the fault location. Moreover, the fault characteristics of the small current ground fault are not significant, and the selection of the resonant grounding system is difficult, so the accuracy of the device is not high.
  • the principle is that when a single-phase ground fault occurs, the signal that is not obvious when the ground fault is artificially amplified is amplified, and the fault is judged and located by analyzing the characteristic of the asymmetric current signal on the fault line. In this way, when the signal source is connected to the primary side, it will bring security risks to the line, and it is impossible to accurately detect the high-resistance ground fault.
  • the side that connects the power supply and the input power is called the primary side.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a method, a system, and a computer storage medium for ground fault location of a distribution network, which can significantly improve the accuracy of detecting single-phase ground faults.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for locating a ground fault of a distribution network, where the method includes:
  • the corresponding phase line is recorded by using an acquisition unit provided for each phase of the three-phase distribution line; wherein each acquisition unit records the time of the corresponding line and records the recorded wave file The time difference between the times when the collection is integrated is less than the preset value.
  • the oscillography file includes at least M and N waveforms before the fault point, and M and N are positive integers.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a distribution network ground fault location system, the system comprising:
  • the acquisition module is configured to monitor each phase line of the three-phase power distribution line, and if a fault characteristic waveform occurs, perform recording, and obtain a recorded wave file of the corresponding line;
  • a collecting module configured to collect and integrate the recorded files of each of the three-phase power distribution lines to obtain a fault recording file
  • a processing module configured to synthesize the fault recording file into a transient recording file, and determine a fault location according to a waveform between two points having the largest change amplitude in the transient recording file, and display the fault in the wiring diagram Fault location.
  • the acquisition module includes an acquisition unit disposed on each phase of the three-phase distribution line.
  • the acquisition module records the corresponding phase lines by using the acquisition unit provided for each phase line; wherein each acquisition unit collects the time of recording the corresponding line and integrates the recorded files. The time difference between the times is less than the preset value.
  • the acquisition module uses the waveforms of the M and the last N cycles before the acquired fault point as the recorded file, and M and N are positive integers.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are used to execute the foregoing distribution network ground fault location method.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a ground fault fault location method for a distribution network and a computer storage medium.
  • the method includes: monitoring each phase line in a three-phase power distribution line, and if a fault characteristic waveform occurs, recording is performed, and corresponding Recording wave file of the line; collecting and integrating the recorded wave files of each phase line of the above three-phase power distribution line to obtain a fault recording file; synthesizing the above-mentioned fault recording file into a transient recording file, and according to the transient state
  • the waveform between the two points with the largest change in the recorded file determines the fault location and displays the above fault location in the wiring diagram.
  • the positioning process is divided into three steps of collection, collection, and synthesis.
  • each phase line is separately recorded, and the corresponding recorded files are collected and integrated according to the fault record.
  • the waveforms before and after the fault in the transient recording file synthesized by the wave file are compared and analyzed, so that the fault is judged and positioned, and the accuracy of detecting the single-phase ground fault is remarkably improved.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a distribution network ground fault locating system, which has the same technical effects as the above-mentioned defense, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an implementation process of a ground fault location method for a distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground fault location system for a distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ground fault location method of the distribution network provided by the embodiment of the invention can significantly improve the accuracy of detecting the single-phase ground fault.
  • steps S1-S3 wherein:
  • Step S1 monitoring each phase line in the three-phase power distribution line. If a fault characteristic waveform occurs, recording is performed, and a recorded wave file of the corresponding line is obtained.
  • the corresponding recording device is installed on the distribution line through the fixture, and one unit is installed on each phase line to realize real-time monitoring and recording of the phase lines.
  • the transient recording type fault indicator is a device that is long-term hanging on the distribution line, and the designed maintenance-free service life is more than 5 years, and the self-powered coil is limited, so it is required Set an indicator that accurately locates the fault by taking into account power consumption and performance.
  • the range of the recording used in the embodiment of the present invention is from M cycles to N cycles before the fault point, and M and N are positive integers.
  • other recording ranges and sampling points can be selected, and a larger recording range and more sampling points can be selected, which will result in a more accurate recording file, and is more advantageous in steps S2 and S3. More accurate results.
  • the embodiment of the invention has the self-power taking function, and when the line current is >5A, the self-powered power can satisfy the full-function stable operation.
  • Step S2 Collecting and integrating the recording files of each phase line in the above three-phase power distribution line to obtain a fault recording file.
  • the collection terminal can collect and integrate the recorded files of each phase line in the three-phase power distribution line.
  • the oscillography file obtained in step S1 is a file conforming to the Comtrade 1999 standard (and includes a dat data file and a cfg configuration file), because the oscillography file is in the three-phase line.
  • the current and voltage waveforms of each phase are recorded, and the recorded current and voltage waveforms need to be combined to obtain a fault recording file.
  • each collection unit such as the three recording devices mentioned above, records the time of recording the corresponding phase line with the collection terminal.
  • the time difference between the time when the wave file is collected and integrated is less than default value.
  • Step S3 synthesize the fault recording file into a transient recording file, and determine the fault location according to the waveform between the two points with the largest change amplitude in the transient recording file, and display the fault location in the wiring diagram.
  • the fault recording file is synthesized into a transient recording file, and the transient recording file records a transient zero-sequence current waveform, and the transient zero-sequence current waveform is not according to the fault line and the non-fault line.
  • a similar principle can determine the location of the fault and display the fault location on the interface of the primary wiring diagram. Of course, while synthesizing the transient recording file, it can continue to receive the fault recording file continuously collected on the line.
  • the embodiment of the present invention divides the positioning process into three steps of collection, collection, and synthesis.
  • each phase line is separately recorded, a recorded wave file is obtained, and the corresponding recorded wave files are collected and integrated, and the waveforms before and after the fault in the transient recorded wave file synthesized by the fault recording file are compared and analyzed.
  • the accuracy of detecting the single-phase ground fault can be significantly improved.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are used to execute the foregoing distribution network ground fault location method.
  • the storage medium comprises a volatile random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), a flash memory or other memory technology, a compact disk (CD-ROM) , digital versatile disc (DVD) or other medium that is accessed.
  • RAM volatile random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory
  • flash memory or other memory technology
  • CD-ROM compact disk
  • DVD digital versatile disc
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a distribution network ground fault location system, as shown in FIG. 2, including an acquisition module 11, a collection module 12, and a processing module 13;
  • the collecting module 11 is configured to monitor each phase line of the three-phase power distribution line. If a fault characteristic waveform occurs, the recording is performed to obtain a recorded wave file of the corresponding line.
  • the acquisition module 11 includes an acquisition unit for mounting a corresponding wave recording device on a distribution line through a fixture, and one phase is installed on each phase line to realize real-time monitoring and recording of each phase line. .
  • the preset transient recording type fault indicator on the three-phase distribution line is a device that is permanently attached to the distribution line.
  • the designed maintenance-free service life is more than 5 years, and the self-powered coil is also provided. Limited, so you need to set an indicator that can accurately locate the fault in both power consumption and performance.
  • the recording range adopted by the embodiment of the present invention is at least the waveform of M and the last N periods before the fault point, and M and N are positive integers.
  • other recording ranges and sampling points can be selected, and a larger recording range and more sampling points can be selected, which will result in a more accurate recording file, and is more advantageous for the aggregation module 12 and the processing module 13 Get more accurate results in processing.
  • the acquisition module 11 of the embodiment of the present invention has a self-power-taking function, and the line current is >5A, and the self-powering can satisfy the full-function stability. run.
  • the collecting module 12 is configured to collect and integrate the recorded files of each of the three-phase power distribution lines to obtain a fault recording file.
  • the recording file acquired by the acquisition module 11 is a file conforming to the requirements of the Comtrade 1999 standard (and includes a dat data file and a cfg configuration file), because the recorded wave file is For recording the current and voltage waveforms of each of the three phase lines, the aggregation module 12 needs to synthesize the recorded current and voltage waveforms to obtain a fault recorder file.
  • the required The acquisition unit that collects the waveform of the corresponding phase line is kept synchronized, that is, the recording of the corresponding phase line is started at the same time.
  • the aggregation module 12 is usually installed on a utility pole disposed near the acquisition module 11, and performs time synchronization through a micro-power wireless communication method, thereby not affecting the result of the corresponding fault recording file synthesis;
  • the aggregation module 12 transmits the fault recording file to the processing module 13 through a carrier network such as a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS).
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • the processing module 13 is configured to synthesize the fault recording file into a transient recording file, and determine a fault location according to a waveform between two points with the largest change amplitude in the transient recording file, and display the fault in the wiring diagram. position.
  • the processing module 13 synthesizes the fault recording file into a transient zero-sequence current waveform, and determines the fault location according to the principle that the faulty zero-sequence current waveform of the fault line and the non-fault line is not similar and is in the first wiring diagram. The fault location is displayed on the interface.
  • the processing module 13 can continue to receive the fault recording files uploaded by the other aggregation modules 12 on the line while synthesizing the transient recording files.
  • the function of the processing module 13 is usually implemented by the background master station, and the fault recording file cannot be synthesized into a transient zero sequence because the background master station may be built and the transformation is difficult.
  • the current waveform, so the fault recording file can be synthesized into a transient zero sequence current waveform by the aggregation module 12.
  • the collection module 11, the collection module 12, and the processing module 13 may each be Central processing unit (CPU, Central Processing Unit), or digital signal processing (DSP, Digital Signal Processor), or microprocessor (MPU, Micro Processor Unit), or Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to realise.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • MPU Micro Processor Unit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the embodiment of the present invention divides the positioning process into three steps of collection, collection, and synthesis.
  • each phase line is separately recorded, a recorded wave file is obtained, and the corresponding recorded wave files are collected and integrated, and the waveforms before and after the fault in the transient recorded wave file synthesized by the fault recording file are compared and analyzed.
  • the accuracy of detecting the single-phase ground fault can be significantly improved.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.
  • the embodiment of the present invention divides the positioning process into three steps of collection, collection, and synthesis.
  • each phase line is separately recorded, a recorded file is obtained, and the recorded files are collected and integrated to obtain a fault recording file, according to the fault recording file in the transient recording file synthesized by the fault recording file.
  • the waveforms are compared and analyzed to judge and locate the faults, which can significantly improve the accuracy of detecting single-phase ground faults.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Locating Faults (AREA)

Abstract

一种配电网接地故障定位方法、系统及存储有计算机执行定位方法的指令的计算机存储介质，包括：对三相配电线路中的每一相线路进行监测，若出现故障特征波形，则进行录波，得到相应线路的录波文件(S1)；将三相配电线路中的每一相线路的录波文件进行汇集整合，得到故障录波文件(S2)；将故障录波文件合成暂态录波文件，并根据暂态录波文件中变化幅度最大的两点之间的波形确定故障位置，并在接线图中显示故障位置(S3)。配电网接地故障定位方法能够显著提高对单相接地故障进行检测的准确度。

Description

配电网接地故障定位方法、系统及存储介质 技术领域
本发明涉及配电网故障定位技术领域，特别涉及一种配电网接地故障定位方法、系统及计算机存储介质。
背景技术
在我国配电网系统中，单相接地故障发生率最大，约占80％左右的比例。单相接地故障在潮湿的天气中会频繁发生，不仅影响了用户的正常供电，而且可能产生过电压，烧坏设备，甚至引起相间短路而扩大事故，因此这种故障将严重影响配电设备和配电网的安全。单相接地故障发生时，故障电流小、故障特征不明显不雷同，因此单相接地故障检测判断十分困难。现有技术中，主要通过以下方法来对单相接地故障进行检测：
1、小电流接地选线装置。小电流接地选线装置只能够选出带有接地故障的线路，给出指示信号，不能定位故障位置。而且小电流接地故障的故障特征不显著，谐振接地系统选线难，因此该装置准确率不高。
2、信号源法。其原理是当单相接地故障发生时，人为的把接地故障时不明显的信号放大，通过对故障线路上的不对称的电流信号的特征分析进行故障的判断与定位。这种方式信号源接入一次侧会给线路带来安全隐患，无法准确检测高阻接地故障。其中，接电源和输入功率的那一侧称为一次侧。
3、传统的单相接地故障指示器。传统的单相接地故障指示器无法精确提取高频暂态电流，高频暂态电流的不精确导致故障的判断和定位准确度低。
综上所述，如何对单相接地故障进行准确检测是本领域技术人员当前亟需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例在于提供一种配电网接地故障定位方法、系统及计算机存储介质，可以显著提高对单相接地故障进行检测的准确度。
本发明实施例的方案是这样实现的：
本发明实施例提供一种配电网接地故障定位方法，所述方法包括：
对三相配电线路中的每一相线路进行监测，若出现故障特征波形，则进行录波，得到相应线路的录波文件；
将所述三相配电线路中的每一相线路的录波文件进行汇集整合，得到故障录波文件；
将所述故障录波文件合成暂态录波文件，并根据所述暂态录波文件变化幅度最大的两点之间的波形，确定故障位置，并在接线图中显示所述故障位置。
在一实施例中，利用为三相配电线路中的每一相线路配备的采集单元对对应相线路进行录波；其中，每一个采集单元对对应线路进行录波的时间与将录波文件进行汇集整合的时间之间的时间差小于预设值。在一实施例中，所述录波文件至少包括故障点前M个和后N个周期的波形，M、N均为正整数。
在一实施例中，所述M＝3，所述N＝5。
本发明实施例还提供了一种配电网接地故障定位系统，所述系统包括：
采集模块，配置为对三相配电线路中的每一相线路进行监测，若出现故障特征波形，则进行录波，得到相应线路的录波文件；
汇集模块，配置为将所述三相配电线路中的每一相线路的录波文件进行汇集整合，得到故障录波文件；
处理模块，配置为将所述故障录波文件合成暂态录波文件，并根据暂态录波文件中变化幅度最大的两点之间的波形，确定故障位置，并在接线图中显示所述故障位置。
在一实施例中，所述采集模块包括在三相配电线路中每一相线路上设置的采集单元。
在一实施例中，所述采集模块通过为每一相线路配备的采集单元对对应相线路进行录波；其中，每一个采集单元对对应线路进行录波的时间与将录波文件进行汇集整合的时间之间的时间差小于预设值。在一实施例中，所述采集模块将采集的故障点前M个和后N个周期的波形作为所述录波文件，M、N均为正整数。
在一实施例中，所述M＝3，所述N＝5。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行前述的配电网接地故障定位方法。
本发明实施例提供一种配电网接地故障定位方法及计算机存储介质，方法包括：对三相配电线路中的每一相线路进行监测，若出现故障特征波形，则进行录波，得到相应线路的录波文件；将上述三相配电线路中的每一相线路的录波文件进行汇集整合，得到故障录波文件；将上述故障录波文件合成暂态录波文件，并根据暂态录波文件中变化幅度最大的两点之间的波形确定故障位置，并在接线图中显示上述故障位置，
可见，本发明实施例中将定位过程分为采集、汇集、合成三个步骤进行，在发生故障时，对每一相线路分别录波，将相应的录波文件汇集整合，根据对通过故障录波文件合成的暂态录波文件中故障前后的波形进行比较分析，从而对故障进行判断与定位，显著提高了对单相接地故障进行检测的准确度。
此外，本发明实施例还提供了一种配电网接地故障定位系统，与上述防具有相同的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种配电网接地故障定位方法的实现流程示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种配电网接地故障定位系统的组成结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供的一种配电网接地故障定位方法，可以显著提高对单相接地故障进行检测的准确度。
在一种具体的实施方案中，参见图1所示，包括步骤S1-S3，其中：
步骤S1：对三相配电线路中的每一相线路进行监测，若出现故障特征波形，则进行录波，得到相应线路的录波文件。
本发明实施方案中，通过卡具将相应的录波设备安装在配电线路上，每相线路上分别安装1台，以实现对各相线路进行实时监测和录波。
需要说明的是，步骤S3中暂态录波型故障指示器是长期挂在配电线路上的设备，设计的免维护使用寿命在5年以上，自取电线圈所提供的也有限，因此需要在兼顾功耗与性能设定一个能准确定位故障的指标。经过大量的测试和优化工作后本发明实施例采用的录波范围为故障点前M个周波到后N个周波，M、N均为正整数。优选为录波范围为故障点前M＝3个到后N＝5个周波，每个周波80个采样点。当然，可以选择其他的录波范围和采样点，选择更大的录波范围和更多的采样点，则相应地会获得更准确的录波文件，也更有利于在步骤S2和S3中获得更准确的结果。
需要进一步说明的是，针对故障指示器长期在线路上运行且维护较少的特点，本发明实施例具备自取电功能，线路电流>5A时，自取电即可满足全功能稳定运行。
步骤S2：将上述三相配电线路中的每一相线路的录波文件进行汇集整合，得到故障录波文件。
本发明实施例中，利用汇集终端可将三相配电线路中的每一相线路的录波文件进行汇集整合。考虑到实际数据处理的统一性，步骤S1中获取的录波文件为符合Comtrade 1999标准要求的文件(及包含一个dat数据文件和一个cfg配置文件)，因为录波文件是对三相线路中的每一相的电流和电压波形进行录制，需要对录制的电流和电压波形进行合成以得到故障录波文件。为保证合成的零序电流波形(记录在暂态录播文件中)能准确反映接地故障发生时暂态零序电流的变化，在三相线路中，需要所有采集对应相线路波形的采集单元如前述的录播设备保持同步，即同时启动进行对应相线路的录波。为保证三个采集单元如前述的录播设备同时启动录波，本发明实施例中，需要每个采集单元如前述的三个录播设备对对应相线路进行录波的时间与汇集终端将录波文件进行汇集整合的时间之间的时间差小于 预设值。在此，预设值取半个采样点时间间隔，即1秒÷50Hz÷80个采样点÷2＝125微秒。当然，也可以取其他小于半个采样点时间间隔的时间。
步骤S3：将上述故障录波文件合成暂态录波文件，并根据暂态录波文件中变化幅度最大的两点之间的波形，确定故障位置，并在接线图中显示上述故障位置。
本发明实施方案中，将故障录波文件合成为暂态录波文件，该暂态录波文件记录的是暂态零序电流波形，根据故障线路和非故障线路的暂态零序电流波形不相似的原理即可判定故障位置并在一次接线图的界面上展示故障位置。当然，在合成暂态录波文件的同时，还可继续接收该线路上继续采集的故障录波文件。
可以理解的是，暂态零序电流需要三相线路同时穿过互感器才可以获取，但是在实际中，架空线相距较远，不能直接将导线穿过互感器测量。针对此缺点本发明实施例将定位过程分为采集、汇集、合成三个步骤进行。在发生故障时，对每一相线路分别录波，得到录波文件，将相应的录波文件汇集整合，根据对通过故障录波文件合成的暂态录波文件中故障前后的波形进行比较分析，从而对故障进行判断与定位，能够显著提高对单相接地故障进行检测的准确度。
本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行前述的配电网接地故障定位方法。
其中，该存储介质包括易挥发性随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、闪存或其他存储器技术、只读光盘(CD-ROM)、数字通用盘(DVD)或其他被访问的介质。
本发明实施例还提供了一种配电网接地故障定位系统，参见图2所示，包括采集模块11、汇集模块12和处理模块13；其中：
采集模块11，配置为对三相配电线路中的每一相线路进行监测，若出现故障特征波形，则进行录波，得到相应线路的录波文件。
本发明实施方案中，采集模块11包括通过卡具将相应的录波设备安装在配电线路上的采集单元，每相线路上分别安装1台，以实现对各相线路进行实时监测和录波。
需要说明的是，三相配电线路上预设的暂态录波型故障指示器是长期挂在配电线路上的设备，设计的免维护使用寿命在5年以上，自取电线圈所提供的也有限，因此需要在兼顾功耗与性能设定一个能准确定位故障的指标。经过大量的测试和优化工作后本发明实施例采用的录波范围至少为故障点前M个和后N个周期的波形，M、N均为正整数。优选的录波范围为故障点前M＝3个到后N＝5个周波，每个周波80个采样点。当然，可以选择其他的录波范围和采样点，选择更大的录波范围和更多的采样点，则相应地会获得更准确的录波文件，也更有利于汇集模块12和处理模块13在处理中得到更准确的结果。
需要进一步说明的是，针对故障指示器长期在线路上运行且维护较少的特点，本发明实施例的采集模块11具备自取电功能，线路电流>5A时，自取电即可满足全功能稳定运行。
汇集模块12，配置为将上述三相配电线路中的每一相线路的录波文件进行汇集整合，得到故障录波文件。
本发明实施例中，考虑到实际数据处理的统一性，采集模块11获取的录波文件为符合Comtrade 1999标准要求的文件(及包含一个dat数据文件和一个cfg配置文件)，因为录波文件是对三相线路中的每一相的电流和电压波形进行录制的，汇集模块12需要对录制的电流和电压波形进行合成以得到故障录波文件。为保证合成的零序电流波形(记录在暂态录播文件中)能准确反映接地故障发生时暂态零序电流的变化，在三相线路中，需要所 有采集对应相线路波形的采集单元保持同步，即同时启动进行对应相线路的录波。为保证三个采集单元同时启动录波，本发明实施例中，需要采集模块11中的每个采集单元对对应相线路进行录波的时间与汇集模块12进行录波文件汇集整合的时间之间的时间差小于预设值。在此，预设值取半个采样点时间间隔，即1秒÷50Hz÷80个采样点÷2＝125微秒。当然，也可以取其他小于半个采样点时间间隔的时间。
考虑到实际使用的延时情况，汇集模块12通常安装设置在采集模块11附近的电线杆上，通过微功率无线的通信方式进行时间同步，从而不影响相应的故障录波文件合成的结果；同时汇集模块12通过通用无线分组服务(GPRS，General Packet Radio Service)等运营商网络将故障录波文件传输给处理模块13。
处理模块13，配置为将上述故障录波文件合成暂态录波文件，并根据暂态录波文件中变化幅度最大的两点之间的波形，确定故障位置，并在接线图中显示上述故障位置。
本发明实施方案中，处理模块13将故障录波文件合成为暂态零序电流波形，根据故障线路和非故障线路的暂态零序电流波形不相似的原理判定故障位置并在一次接线图的界面上展示故障位置。当然，处理模块13在合成暂态录波文件的同时，还可继续接收该线路上其他汇集模块12上传的故障录波文件。
需要说明的是，在实际使用中，处理模块13的功能通常由后台主站实现，由于后台主站可能会出现已建成且改造较困难的情况，无法将故障录波文件合成为暂态零序电流波形，因此可以将故障录波文件合成为暂态零序电流波形由汇集模块12完成。此时，需要对汇集模块12设置电池，相应的，依照上文中通过GPRS等运营商网络进行传输，流量约增加1/6。
在实际应用中，所述采集模块11、汇集模块12和处理模块13均可由 中央处理单元(CPU，Central Processing Unit)、或数字信号处理(DSP，Digital Signal Processor)、或微处理器(MPU，Micro Processor Unit)、或现场可编程门阵列(FPGA，Field Programmable Gate Array)等来实现。
可以理解的是，暂态零序电流需要三相线路同时穿过互感器才可以获取，但是在实际中，架空线相距较远，不能直接将导线穿过互感器测量。针对此缺点本发明实施例将定位过程分为采集、汇集、合成三个步骤进行。在发生故障时，对每一相线路分别录波，得到录波文件，将相应的录波文件汇集整合，根据对通过故障录波文件合成的暂态录波文件中故障前后的波形进行比较分析，从而对故障进行判断与定位，能够显著提高对单相接地故障进行检测的准确度。
最后，还需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上对本发明所提供的一种配电网接地故障定位方法、系统及计算机存储介质进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用硬件实施例、软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。
工业实用性
本发明实施例将定位过程分为采集、汇集、合成三个步骤进行。在发生故障时，对每一相线路分别录波，得到录波文件，将录波文件汇集整合，得到故障录波文件，根据对通过故障录波文件合成的暂态录波文件中故障前后的波形进行比较分析，从而对故障进行判断与定位，能够显著提高对单相接地故障进行检测的准确度。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种配电网接地故障定位方法，所述方法包括：
    对三相配电线路中的每一相线路进行监测，若出现故障特征波形，则进行录波，得到相应线路的录波文件；
    将所述三相配电线路中的每一相线路的录波文件进行汇集整合，得到故障录波文件；
    将所述故障录波文件合成暂态录波文件，并根据所述暂态录波文件中变化幅度最大的两点之间的波形，确定故障位置，并在接线图中显示所述故障位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的配电网接地故障定位方法，其中，
    利用为三相配电线路中的每一相线路配备的采集单元对对应相线路进行录波；其中，每一个采集单元对对应线路进行录波的时间与将录波文件进行汇集整合的时间之间的时间差小于预设值。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的配电网接地故障定位方法，其中，所述录波文件至少包括故障点前M个和后N个周期的波形，M、N均为正整数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的配电网接地故障定位方法，其中，所述M＝3，所述N＝5。
  5. 一种配电网接地故障定位系统，所述系统包括：
    采集模块，配置为对三相配电线路中的每一相线路进行监测，若出现故障特征波形，则进行录波，得到相应线路的录波文件；
    汇集模块，配置为将所述三相配电线路中的每一相线路的录波文件进行汇集整合，得到故障录波文件；
    处理模块，配置为将所述故障录波文件合成暂态录波文件，并根据所述暂态录波文件中变化幅度最大的两点之间的波形，确定故障位置，并在接线图中显示所述故障位置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的配电网接地故障定位系统，其中，所述采集模块包括在三相配电线路中每一相线路上设置的采集单元。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的配电网接地故障定位系统，其中，所述采集模块通过为每一相线路配备的采集单元对对应相线路进行录波；其中，每一个采集单元对对应线路进行录波的时间与将录波文件进行汇集整合的时间之间的时间差小于预设值。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的配电网接地故障定位系统，其中，所述采集模块将采集的故障点前M个和后N个周期的波形作为所述录波文件，M、N均为正整数。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的配电网接地故障定位系统，其中，所述M＝3，所述N＝5。
  10. 一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行权利要求1至4任一项所述的配电网接地故障定位方法。
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CN111948490A (zh) * 2020-08-05 2020-11-17 汪子岩 一种有源配电网的故障定位和处理方法
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