WO2018120439A1 - 气液两相联合储能发电系统及其储能发电方法 - Google Patents

气液两相联合储能发电系统及其储能发电方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018120439A1
WO2018120439A1 PCT/CN2017/076801 CN2017076801W WO2018120439A1 WO 2018120439 A1 WO2018120439 A1 WO 2018120439A1 CN 2017076801 W CN2017076801 W CN 2017076801W WO 2018120439 A1 WO2018120439 A1 WO 2018120439A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid
gas
power generation
port group
unit
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PCT/CN2017/076801
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜彤
陈紫薇
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华北电力大学
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Priority to US15/840,612 priority Critical patent/US10612512B2/en
Publication of WO2018120439A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018120439A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/06Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system and a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system for energy storage and power generation.
  • Energy storage technology plays an increasingly important role in the stability and economy of the power grid.
  • Energy storage technology can store excess energy when the grid load is low, and use energy storage to generate electricity when the grid load is high to improve the stability and economy of the entire power system.
  • energy storage technology can also be used for frequency modulation, phase modulation, stabilization of the cycle and voltage of the power system, and improvement of power generation efficiency of the power station.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system and an energy storage power generation method thereof.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system includes a compressed gas storage unit, a first gas pipe, a liquid piston device, a hydraulic potential energy conversion unit, and a first pumping power storage unit.
  • the compressed gas storage unit comprises a liquid storage space communicating with each other, a gas storage space and a first high-pressure liquid pipe connected to the liquid storage space; the first gas pipe is used for conveying the gas to be compressed when the energy is stored, and for conveying the expanded gas when generating electricity, the liquid
  • the piston device is respectively connected to the gas storage space and the first gas pipe;
  • the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit comprises a first port group and a second port group;
  • the piston liquid device is connected to the first port group and configured to receive and output to the first port group
  • the hydraulic potential energy, the first pumping power storage unit is coupled to the second port group and configured to receive and output hydraulic potential energy to the second port group.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system can reduce costs and improve energy storage power generation efficiency.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system, including a compressed gas storage unit, a first gas pipeline, a liquid piston device, a hydraulic potential energy conversion unit, and a first pumping power storage unit;
  • a compressed gas storage unit Includes interconnected liquid storage spaces, gas storage spaces, and a first high pressure liquid conduit connected to the liquid storage space, the gas storage space configured to store a compressed gas having a stable pressure and to store energy using the compressed gas, the liquid storage space configured to store a liquid,
  • the first high pressure liquid conduit is configured to maintain a pressure of the compressed gas by inputting or outputting a liquid to the liquid storage space;
  • the first gas conduit is configured to transport the gas to be compressed when the energy is stored and to transport the expanded gas when generating electricity;
  • a liquid piston device is coupled to the gas storage space and the first gas conduit;
  • the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit includes a first port group and a second port group and is configured to convert hydraulic potential energy of the first port group into a De
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage power generation method for a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system, including: in the energy storage phase, using the first pumping power storage unit to extract liquid to convert electrical energy into hydraulic potential energy And outputting to the second port group; using the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit to convert the hydraulic potential energy of the second port group to the hydraulic potential energy of the first port group; using the hydraulic potential energy of the first port group
  • the liquid is fed into the liquid piston device to compress the gas to be compressed into the compressed gas;
  • the compressed gas of the liquid piston device is subjected to pressure migration or equal density migration to the compressed gas storage unit;
  • the compressed gas portion stored in the compressed gas storage unit is subjected to isostatic migration or equal density migration to the liquid piston device; the compressed gas expansion by the liquid piston device pushes liquid to work, at the first port Forming a hydraulic potential energy; using the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit to convert the hydraulic potential energy of the first port group to the hydraulic potential energy of the second port group; And using the first hydraulic pressure of the
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic potential energy conversion unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a general structure of a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a connection manner of a hydraulic potential energy conversion unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second liquid source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pumping power storage unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another first pumping power storage unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another first pumping power storage unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a liquid piston device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a compressed gas storage unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another compressed gas storage unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another compressed gas storage unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic flow chart of another energy storage power generation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the inventor of the present application found that, as a general large-capacity energy storage technology, the pumped storage technology has strict requirements on the geographical environment and a long construction period; and the compressed gas energy storage technology has certain limitations, and its main disadvantage is that Gas is consumed when it is combined with a gas turbine, and it causes environmental pollution, leakage, and low energy density. In addition, when the gas is compressed and expanded, the temperature changes drastically, and the damage to the related equipment is large, resulting in high equipment cost and equipment maintenance cost.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system and an energy storage power generation method thereof.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system includes: a compressed gas storage unit, a first gas pipe, a liquid piston device, a hydraulic potential energy conversion unit, and a first pumping power storage unit.
  • the compressed gas storage unit includes a liquid storage space communicating with each other, a gas storage space, and a first high-pressure liquid pipe connected to the liquid storage space; the gas storage space is for storing and compressing the compressed gas having a stable pressure; and storing the liquid
  • the space is used for storing the liquid; the first high-pressure liquid pipe maintains the pressure of the compressed gas by inputting or outputting the liquid to the liquid storage space, and the liquid cannot be compressed, thereby changing the volume of the liquid storage space by inputting and outputting the liquid, thereby changing the volume of the gas storage space, Increase or decrease the gas pressure.
  • the first gas conduit is used to transport the gas to be compressed during energy storage and to transport the expanded gas during power generation.
  • the liquid piston device is connected to the gas storage space and the first gas pipe, respectively.
  • the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit includes a first port group and a second port group and is configured to convert hydraulic potential energy of the first port group into hydraulic potential energy of the second port group and convert hydraulic potential energy of the second port group into hydraulic pressure of the first port group Potential energy.
  • the first pumping power generation unit is configured to extract a liquid (for example, water) using electric energy to convert the electric energy into hydraulic potential energy or to generate electricity using hydraulic potential energy.
  • a liquid piston device is coupled to the first port set and configured to receive and output hydraulic potential energy to the first port group, the first pumping power storage unit being coupled to the second port group and configured to receive and output hydraulic potential energy to the second port group .
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system does not need to be provided with a gas turbine, so that gas consumption can be avoided, and environmental pollution and the like can be avoided.
  • the compressed gas storage unit can input or output liquid to the liquid storage space through the first high-pressure liquid pipe to maintain the pressure of the compressed gas, thereby avoiding damage to the compressed gas storage unit during gas compression and expansion, and prolonging the pressure.
  • the life of the gas storage unit can be reduced; at the same time, the characteristics of the constant pressure storage of the compressed gas storage unit can be utilized to provide a stable head for the first pumping power generation unit, reduce the loss of the head change to the turbine generator blade, and improve the power generation efficiency.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system includes a compressed gas storage unit 110, a first gas pipe 120, a liquid piston device 130, a hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140, and a first pumping power storage unit 150.
  • the compressed gas storage unit 110 includes a liquid storage space 111 and a gas storage space 112 that are in communication with each other (the gas in the liquid storage space 111 and the gas in the gas storage space 112 are in contact with each other) and a first high-pressure liquid pipe connected to the liquid storage space 111.
  • the first gas conduit 120 is used to deliver the gas to be compressed during energy storage (eg, the first gas conduit can be connected to the gas source to be compressed) and to deliver the expanded gas during power generation.
  • the liquid piston device 130 is connected to the gas storage space 112 and the first gas pipe 120, respectively.
  • the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 includes a first port group 141 and a second port group 142 and is configured to convert the hydraulic potential energy of the first port group 141 into the hydraulic potential energy of the second port group 142 and convert the hydraulic potential energy of the second port group 142 into The hydraulic potential energy of the first port group 141.
  • the first pumping power generation unit 150 can be used to extract liquid (eg, water) using electrical energy to convert electrical energy into hydraulic potential energy and generate electricity using hydraulic potential energy.
  • the liquid piston device 130 is coupled to the first port group 141 and can receive and output hydraulic potential energy to the first port group 141.
  • the first pumping power generation unit 150 is coupled to the second port group 142 and can receive and output to the second port group 142. Hydraulic potential energy.
  • liquid storage space and the gas storage space refer to a space occupied by a liquid or a gas
  • the boundary between the liquid storage space and the gas storage space may be increased with a liquid, a gas is reduced, or a liquid is reduced.
  • the change in gas is not a fixed space.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system can provide a novel energy storage power generation system, and the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage during energy storage
  • the power generation system may convert the electric energy into hydraulic potential energy (for example, by pumping) through the first pumping power generation unit and to the second port group of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit, and the hydraulic potential energy of the second port group by the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit Conversion to the hydraulic potential energy of the first port group and conversion to liquid in the liquid piston device
  • the potential energy, the liquid in the liquid piston device can compress the gas in the liquid piston device into a compressed gas and isostatically migrate into the compressed gas storage unit, thereby storing the hydraulic potential energy of the liquid in the liquid piston device in the compressed gas, thereby realizing Electrical energy is stored in the compressed gas.
  • energy storage can be performed when the power system (grid) load is small.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system can convert the compressed gas stored in the compressed gas storage device into a liquid piston device by compressing the compressed gas into a liquid piston device, thereby converting the stored energy of the compressed gas into a liquid.
  • the hydraulic potential energy of the liquid in the piston device is transmitted to the first port group, and the hydraulic potential energy of the first port group can be converted into the hydraulic potential energy of the second port group by the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit and sent to the first pumping power generation unit.
  • Power generation converts the energy stored in the compressed gas into electrical energy.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system does not need to be provided with a gas turbine, so that gas consumption can be avoided, cost can be saved, and environmental pollution can be avoided.
  • the compressed gas storage unit can maintain the pressure of the compressed gas by inputting or outputting a liquid to the liquid storage space, for example, when the pressure in the liquid storage space drops and exceeds a preset value, the liquid can be input into the liquid storage space.
  • the liquid portion in the liquid storage space can be discharged to reduce the pressure in the liquid storage space, thereby avoiding Damage to the compressed gas storage unit during gas compression and expansion extends the life of the compressed gas storage unit.
  • the compressed gas storage unit is not designed for storing pressure changes and temperature changes due to expansion or compression of the compressed gas (storing compressed gas having a stable pressure)
  • the construction cost or manufacturing of the compressed gas storage unit can be reduced. cost.
  • the above-mentioned isobaric migration refers to transferring the compressed gas from the compressed gas storage unit to the liquid piston device and maintaining the pressure of the compressed gas, or transferring and maintaining the compressed gas from the liquid piston device to the compressed gas storage unit. The pressure of the compressed gas does not change.
  • liquid piston device may be a plurality of specific liquid piston components, for example, a plurality of liquid piston components may be connected in series by means of stepwise compression, or may be arranged by means of a variable withstand voltage cascade.
  • one end of the first high pressure liquid pipe 129 may be connected to the liquid storage space 111, and the other end and the second port group 142. Connected. Since the first pumping power generation unit 150 is also connected to the second port group 142, the first high pressure liquid line 129 is also connected to the first pumping power generation unit 150 at the same time. Therefore, the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system can adjust the amount of water in and out of the compressed gas storage unit 110 (through the first high pressure liquid pipe 129) through the first pumping power generation unit 150 during the isobaric migration. The stable pressure of the compressed gas stored in the compressed gas storage unit 110 is secured.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation can ensure the constant water power of the first pumping power generation unit 150 by the stable pressure of the compressed gas storage unit 110 during power generation, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system.
  • the first pumping power generation unit includes a hydroelectric generator
  • the usual hydroelectric generator needs to perform the highest power generation efficiency, and the constantly changing (unstable) water head will be the hydroelectric generator.
  • the first high pressure liquid pipeline is also connected to the first pumping power storage unit, that is, the compressed gas
  • the storage unit is connected to the first pumping power storage unit, so that the stable water pressure of the compressed gas storage unit can be utilized to stabilize the inlet water head when the first pumping power generation unit generates power, so that the first pump power storage unit achieves high power generation efficiency.
  • the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 further includes a conversion adjustment unit 143 for adjusting the hydraulic potential energy of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140. Conversion rate.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system can adjust the inlet/outflow amount of the compressed gas storage unit by the switching adjustment unit during the isobaric migration, thereby ensuring the stable pressure of the compressed gas storage unit 110.
  • the first pumping power storage unit adjusts the amount of intake/exit water of the compressed gas storage unit (through the first high pressure liquid pipeline and the liquid valve) to ensure the stable pressure of the compressed gas storage unit and the above-mentioned
  • the amount of water discharged from the compressed gas storage unit is adjusted by the conversion adjusting unit, thereby ensuring that the stable pressure of the compressed gas storage unit can be used alone or in combination, that is, by simultaneously using the first pumping power generating unit and switching adjustment described above.
  • the unit regulates the amount of water in and out of the compressed gas storage unit.
  • the embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, other methods to ensure the stable pressure of the compressed gas storage unit.
  • the other end of the first high-pressure liquid pipe may be connected to an external water conservancy device, and the external water source may be utilized by the external water conservancy device to ensure the stable pressure of the compressed gas storage unit; and the other end of the first high-pressure liquid pipe may be connected to the first port.
  • the groups are connected to ensure a stable pressure of the compressed gas storage unit through the first port group.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system provided by the first embodiment of the present embodiment further includes a first liquid source 170.
  • the first liquid source 170 is connected to the first pumping power generation unit 150 and the second port group 142 of the hydraulic potential energy unit 140, respectively, and the first pumping power generation unit 150 can extract the liquid in the first liquid source 170 and deliver it to the hydraulic potential energy unit.
  • the second port group 142 of 140 flows back to the first liquid source 170 via the hydraulic potential energy unit 140, that is, the first liquid source 170, the first pumping power generation unit 150, the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140, and the first liquid source 170.
  • the first liquid source 170 that is, the first liquid source 170, the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140, the first pumping power generation unit 150, and the first liquid source 170 may constitute a liquid circulation so that the second port group may be continuously
  • the hydraulic potential energy of 142 is converted into electrical energy.
  • the embodiments of the present invention include but are not limited thereto, and other specific manners and devices may be used to implement mutual conversion between the hydraulic potential energy and the electric energy of the second port group.
  • the above liquid circulation includes a closed cycle and a non-closed cycle. For example, in the power generation process of the energy storage power generation system, the gas is removed from the compressed gas storage unit, and the water flowing out of the first liquid source is equal to the flow back. The water of the first liquid source is added to the water flowing into the compressed gas storage unit.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system provided by the first embodiment of the present embodiment further includes a second liquid source 160.
  • the second liquid source 160 is connected to the first port group 141 of the liquid piston device 130 and the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140, respectively, and is configured to receive the liquid discharged from the liquid piston device 130 and supply the liquid to the liquid piston device 130, that is, the second liquid
  • the source 160, the first port group 141, and the liquid piston device 130 may constitute a liquid circulation, and the hydraulic potential energy of the first port group 141 may be utilized to deliver the liquid in the second liquid source 160 to the liquid piston device 130, thereby achieving the first
  • the hydraulic potential energy of the port group 141 is converted to the hydraulic potential energy of the liquid in the liquid piston device 130.
  • the second liquid source 160 may also provide liquids of different temperatures to temperature control the gas compression expansion process in the liquid piston device 130.
  • the liquid in the second liquid source 160 may be water or oil, but is not limited thereto.
  • the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 includes a first hydraulic piston mechanism 144 and a second hydraulic piston mechanism 145.
  • the first hydraulic piston mechanism 144 includes a first piston 1440
  • the second hydraulic piston mechanism 145 includes a second piston 1450
  • the first piston 1440 and the second piston 1450 are connected by a connecting rod 146
  • the first hydraulic piston mechanism 144 includes a first port Group 141
  • second hydraulic piston mechanism 145 includes a second port set 142.
  • the first piston 1440 can move the second piston 1450 through the connecting rod 146, and when the liquid pushes the second piston 1450 to move, the second piston 1450 can be driven by the connecting rod 146.
  • a piston 1440 is moved such that the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 can convert the hydraulic potential energy of the first port group 141 into the hydraulic potential energy of the second port group 142 or convert the hydraulic potential energy of the second port group 142 into the first port group 141. Hydraulic potential energy.
  • the first port group or the second port group may include ports disposed at both ends of the first hydraulic piston mechanism or the second hydraulic piston mechanism, so that the liquid may enter the first hydraulic piston mechanism or the second hydraulic piston structure by changing the liquid. Port The position causes the first piston or the second piston to reciprocate, so that the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit can perform continuous conversion.
  • the first hydraulic piston mechanism and the second hydraulic piston mechanism can have different cross-sectional areas such that the liquid flow ratio of the first port group and the second port group can be varied.
  • the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit can be replaced with an adaptive hydraulic potential energy conversion unit, so that the liquid flow ratio of the first port group and the second port group can be adjusted, which is not limited herein.
  • the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit may include a plurality of hydraulic cylinders of different cross-sectional areas to constitute the first hydraulic piston mechanism and the second hydraulic piston mechanism, thereby adjusting the liquid flow ratio of the first port group and the second port group, which is implemented by the present invention. The example is not limited here.
  • the conversion adjustment unit 143 may include a first motor 1430.
  • the first motor 1430 can adjust the movement rate of the first piston 1440 and the second piston 1450, balance the hydraulic potential energy of the first port group 141 and the second port group 142 of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140, thereby adjusting the first port group 141 or the first The liquid flow rate of the two port group 142.
  • FIG. 4 shows a general structural diagram of a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system includes: a compressed gas storage unit 110, a first gas pipe 120, a liquid piston device 130, a hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140, a first pumping power generation unit 150, and a first A second liquid source 160 and a first liquid source 170.
  • the gas storage space 112 of the compressed gas storage unit 110 is connected to the liquid piston device 130 through the compressed gas conduit 122; the liquid piston device 130 is connected to the first gas conduit 120; the liquid piston device 130 is connected to the second liquid source 160 through the liquid conduit 123; The first port group 141 of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 is connected to the liquid piston device 130 and the second liquid source 160 through the liquid conduit 125 and the liquid conduit 126, respectively; the second port group 142 of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 passes through the first high pressure liquid, respectively.
  • the pipe 129, the liquid pipes 127, 128 are connected to the liquid storage space 111 of the compressed gas storage unit 110, and the first liquid source 170; the first pumping power generation unit 150 is connected to the first high pressure liquid pipe 129, the second port group 142, and the A liquid source 170.
  • the shift adjustment unit 143 includes a first motor 1430 coupled to the link 146 for controlling the speed of movement of the piston 1450. It should be noted that FIG. 4 also shows valves F1, F2, F10, F11, F12, F13, F14, F15, F16, F17, F18, F19, F20, F24, F30, F35, F36 and liquid pipes.
  • the second motor 182 on 123.
  • F1 is disposed on the first gas pipe 120; F2 and F24 are disposed between the gas storage space 112 and the liquid piston device 130, on the compressed gas pipe 122; F10 is disposed between the second liquid source 160 and the liquid piston device 130, the liquid On the pipe 123; F11 is disposed between the second liquid source 160 and the liquid piston device 130, on the liquid pipe 126; F12, F13, F16 and F17 are disposed in the second port group 142, F14, F15 of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140, F18 And F19 is disposed in the first port group 141 of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140; F20 is disposed between the second port group 142 and the liquid storage space 111, on the first high pressure liquid pipe 129; and F30 is disposed in the first pumping power generation unit 150.
  • the energy storage process of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system is: opening the valve F1, filling the liquid piston device 132 of the liquid piston device 130 with the gas to be compressed; all the valves are closed, assuming that the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 is first Right movement (may also move to the left first, the embodiment of the invention is not limited herein), open the valves F9, F11, F12, F15, F17, F18, F20, F30, F35, F39, and control the first motor 1430 to make the second
  • the piston 1450 drives the first piston 1440 to move to the right through the connecting rod 146, and controls the first pumping power generating unit 150 to transport the liquid in the first liquid source 170 to the second port group 142 via the liquid pipe 128 by using the electric energy that needs to be absorbed.
  • the second piston 1450 is pushed and the first piston 1440 is moved to the right by the connecting rod 146, and at the same time, by controlling the first motor 1430 and the a pumping power storage unit 150, such that the compressed gas storage unit 110 has a liquid inflow amount equal to the outflow amount to ensure that the compressed gas storage unit 110 has a constant pressure; since the second piston 1450 drives the first piston through the connecting rod 146 1440 moves to the right, and the liquid in the second liquid source 160 is injected into the liquid piston device 130 through the valve F11, the liquid conduit 126, the valves F15, F18, F9 and the liquid conduit 125, and the liquid compressed fluid piston device 130 in the liquid piston device 130.
  • the gas, the heat released by the gas compression process is absorbed by the liquid in the liquid piston device 130, and the gas in the liquid piston device 130 stores the potential energy; when the second piston moves to the rightmost end, the valves F12, F15, F17, F18 are closed and opened.
  • the valves F13, F14, F16, F19, the first pumping power generation unit 150 delivers the liquid in the first liquid source 170 to the second port group 142 via the liquid conduit 128 and at the first high pressure liquid conduit 129 and the first liquid source 170
  • the second piston 1450 is pushed and the first piston 1440 is moved to the left by the connecting rod 146, thereby continuing to make the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 compress the gas in the liquid piston device 130; circulating the above reciprocating motion (the first The second piston 1450 is moved to the right rear leftward until the gas in the liquid piston device 130 is compressed to a specified pressure; the valves F2 and F24 are opened, and the liquid piston is loaded.
  • the gas storage space 112 of the compressed gas storage unit 110 is in communication with the compressed gas conduit 122; the liquid injected from the second liquid source 160 through the liquid conduit 126 into the liquid piston device 130 transfers the compressed compressed gas to the compressed gas storage.
  • the compressed gas can be controlled by adjusting the first motor 1430 at this time.
  • the amount of water discharged from the liquid storage space 111 of the storage unit 110 and/or the amount of water in which the first pumping power generation unit 150 controls the liquid storage space 111 of the compressed gas storage unit 110 causes the liquid storage space 111 of the compressed gas storage unit 110 to be discharged.
  • the amount of water is equal to the sum of the intake air amount and the water input amount of the compressed gas, thereby ensuring that the pressure of the compressed gas remains stable during the isostatic transfer of the compressed gas storage unit 110; after the gas isobaric migration is finished, all valves are closed; F1, F10, controlling the second motor 182 to discharge the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 into the second liquid source 160 (of course, the second motor 182 may not be provided, and the height difference between the liquid piston device 130 and the second liquid source 160 will be
  • the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 is discharged into the second liquid source 160, which is not limited herein, while the gas to be compressed is fed into the first gas pipe 120 and the valve F1 and fills the entire liquid piston device 130;
  • the valve is closed and the above-described compression process is repeated until the compressed gas storage unit 110 stores full gas or consumes the consumed electric energy.
  • the power generation process of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system is: the liquid piston device 130 is filled with liquid; all valves are closed, and it is assumed that the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 (for example, the second piston 1450) moves to the left first, and opens the valve. F2, F9, F11, F12, F15, F17, F18, F20, F24, F30, F35, F36, at this time, the gas storage space 112 of the compressed gas storage unit 110 is connected to the liquid piston device 130 through the compressed gas pipe 122; The liquid in the device 130 flows into the second liquid source 160 through the liquid conduit 125, the valves F9, F18, F15, and the liquid conduit 126.
  • the liquid in the first liquid source 170 passes through the liquid conduit 128, the liquid conduit 127, the valve F12, the valve F17, and The first high pressure liquid pipe 129 flows into the compressed gas storage unit 110, and the liquid in the compressed gas storage unit 110 is generated by the first pumping power generation unit 150 under the pressure difference between the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the first liquid source 170.
  • the amount of liquid injected into the compressed gas storage unit 110 via the first high pressure liquid conduit 129 may be equal to the liquid flowing out of the compressed gas storage unit 110 by adjusting the first motor 1430.
  • the valves F2 and F24 are closed, the compressed gas expands in the liquid piston device 130 and pushes the liquid in the liquid piston device 130, and the compressed gas absorbs the heat of the liquid during expansion work, converting the energy stored in the compressed gas into the liquid piston device 130.
  • the hydraulic potential energy of the liquid, the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 flows into the second liquid source 160 through the liquid conduit 125, the valves F9, F18, F15, and the liquid conduit 126.
  • the liquid in the first liquid source 170 passes through the liquid conduit 128 and the liquid conduit. 127.
  • the valve F12 and the valve F17 are powered by the first pumping power generation unit 150 under the pressure difference between the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the first liquid source 170. At this time, the first high-pressure liquid can be adjusted by adjusting the first motor 1430.
  • Pipeline 129 note The amount of liquid entering the compressed gas storage unit 110 is equal to the amount of liquid flowing out of the compressed gas storage unit 110 to maintain the pressure in the compressed gas storage unit 110 stable; the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 (for example, the second piston 1450) moves After the leftmost end, the valves F15, F18, F12, and F17 are closed, and the valves F19, F14, F16, and F13 are opened, and the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 flows into the second through the liquid pipe 125, the valves F9, F19, F14, and the liquid pipe 126.
  • the liquid source 160, the liquid in the first liquid source 170 passes through the liquid pipe 128, the liquid pipe 127, the valve F13, the valve F16 and is subjected to the first pumping power generation under the pressure difference between the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the first liquid source 170.
  • the unit 150 generates electricity, at which time the piston of the potential energy conversion unit 140 (for example, the second piston 1450) moves to the right; the reciprocation of the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit is repeated until the pressure of the compressed gas in the liquid piston device 130 is lower than a certain The pressure value, or liquid in the liquid piston device 130, is completely discharged into the second liquid source 160.
  • another connection manner of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit is: the first port group is respectively connected to the liquid piston device 130 and The first buffer pool 210 is connected to the first buffer tank 210 and the first liquid source 170, and the first pumping power generation unit 150 is connected to the first buffer tank 210 and the first liquid source 170, respectively.
  • the first pumping power generation unit 150 draws the liquid in the first liquid source 170 into the first buffer tank 210, and the liquid is discharged from the first buffer tank by the hydraulic pressure difference between the first buffer tank 210 and the first liquid source 170.
  • the medium compressed gas is controlled by the switching adjustment unit 143/1430, the liquid piston device area ratio switching, and the first pumping power generation unit 150 during operation, so that the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit piston runs smoothly while ensuring the liquid volume in the first buffer tank 210. It is constant, so that the gas pressure inside it is kept constant.
  • the compressed gas expands in the liquid piston device 130 to discharge the liquid through the first port group, pushes the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit piston to move, converts the first port group hydraulic potential energy into the second port group hydraulic potential energy, thereby the first liquid
  • the liquid in the source 170 is drawn into the first buffer tank 210 through the second port group, and the liquid is generated by the first pumping power generation unit 150 and flows into the first liquid source 170.
  • the liquid passes through the conversion adjusting unit 143/1430 and the liquid piston.
  • the device area ratio switching, the first pumping power storage unit 150 controls, so that the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit piston runs smoothly, and at the same time ensures that the liquid volume in the first buffer tank 210 does not change, thereby ensuring that the gas pressure therein is kept constant, so that the first pumping is performed.
  • the power generation unit 150 sets the water to the hair.
  • the second liquid source 160 includes a first temperature control liquid pool 161, a second temperature control liquid pool 162, and a replacement. Heater 163.
  • the first temperature-control liquid pool 161 is connected to the liquid piston device 130; the second temperature-control liquid pool 162 The liquid piston device 130 and the first temperature control liquid pool 161 are respectively connected; the heat exchanger 163 is disposed between the first temperature control liquid pool 161 and the second temperature control liquid pool 162 for the first temperature control liquid pool
  • the liquid 161 is sent to the second temperature-control liquid pool 162 for heat exchange or the liquid sent from the second temperature-controlled liquid pool 162 to the first temperature-control liquid pool 161 for heat exchange, for example, using solar energy or geothermal energy.
  • the second liquid source can be operated according to different liquid exchange operating strategies.
  • first temperature control liquid pool 161 and the second temperature control liquid pool 162 may be provided with a liquid driving device 186 (for example, a water pump) as needed to drive the liquid in the first temperature control liquid pool 161 and the second.
  • the temperature control liquid pool 162 flows between; the second temperature control liquid pool 162 and the liquid piston device 130 may also be provided with a liquid driving device 185 (for example, a water pump) as needed to drive the liquid in the second temperature control liquid pool.
  • a liquid driving device 187 for example, a water pump
  • the flow between the pool 161 and the liquid piston device 130 is not limited herein.
  • the liquid driving device 187 between the liquid piston device 130 and the first temperature-control liquid pool 161 can also be replaced with The third pumping power generation unit 350 is configured to generate power by using a pressure difference between the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 and the first temperature control liquid pool 161 or to transport the liquid from the first temperature control liquid pool 161 to the liquid piston device 130.
  • the third pumping power generation unit 350 can generate power by utilizing the pressure difference between the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 and the first temperature control liquid pool 161, thereby improving the power generation of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system. effectiveness.
  • the liquid driving device between the liquid piston device and the second temperature-control liquid pool can also be replaced by a third pumping power generating unit for generating electricity or transferring liquid from the second temperature-control liquid pool to the liquid piston device. This is not a limitation.
  • the above liquid exchange operation strategy may include: 1) an open direct supply operation mode, in which the first temperature control liquid pool and the second temperature control liquid pool may be combined and no heat exchanger is required; The temperature of the liquid used for work is approximately constant, and the second liquid source may be a water body having a sufficient amount of water, such as a sea, a reservoir, or the like. Additionally, in this mode, the first liquid source can be combined with the second liquid source. 2) The closed direct supply mode, the second liquid source includes a first temperature control liquid pool and a second temperature control liquid pool, and may not include a heat exchanger.
  • the liquid When the gas-liquid two-phase energy storage power generation system stores energy, the liquid is sent from the first temperature control liquid pool (or the second temperature control liquid pool) into the liquid piston device, and the heat generated by the gas compression is transferred to the liquid.
  • the liquid temperature is high and stored in the second temperature-control liquid pool (or the first temperature-control liquid pool) by adiabatic; when the gas-liquid two-phase energy storage power generation system generates electricity, the liquid is from the second temperature-control liquid pool (or The first temperature-controlled liquid pool) is fed into the liquid piston device to provide heat during the gas expansion process, and the temperature is lowered.
  • the liquid is again stored in the first temperature control liquid pool (or the second temperature control liquid pool) by adiabatic; Therefore, when the gas-liquid two-phase energy storage power generation system stores energy, the heat generated by the gas compression can be utilized to improve the power generation efficiency of the gas-liquid two-phase energy storage power generation system.
  • the liquid piston device since the first temperature-controlled liquid pool and the second temperature-controlled liquid pool are used, the liquid piston device has the same working liquid temperature at each gas compression and gas expansion, thereby ensuring the gas after compression or expansion. The same temperature further improves the stability of the gas-liquid two-phase energy storage power generation system.
  • the first temperature-control liquid pool and the second temperature-control liquid pool may also be combined, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited herein.
  • the second liquid source may include a first temperature control liquid pool and a second temperature control liquid pool and a heat exchanger, and the first temperature control liquid pool and the second temperature control liquid pool are stored Two liquids with different temperatures.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system stores energy, the liquid in the first temperature-controlled liquid pool (or the second temperature-control liquid pool) with a higher temperature is sent into the liquid piston device, and the gas is compressed.
  • the heat is transferred to the liquid to further raise the temperature of the liquid, and the liquid is used to heat or generate electricity through the heat exchanger (for example, the high temperature liquid of the first temperature control liquid pool flows through the heat exchanger to achieve heating heating) Or generating electricity and flowing into the second temperature-control liquid pool and becoming a cryogenic liquid); in the gas-liquid two-phase energy storage power generation system, from the second temperature-controlled liquid pool (or the first temperature-control liquid pool) having a lower temperature
  • the liquid is sent to the liquid piston device, and the compressed gas expands to absorb heat from the liquid.
  • a high efficiency power generation mode in which the second liquid source may include a first temperature control liquid pool and a second temperature control liquid pool.
  • the low temperature liquid in the second temperature-controlled liquid pool (or the first temperature-control liquid pool) having a lower temperature is sent into the liquid piston device, and the gas is generated during compression.
  • the heat is absorbed by the cryogenic liquid, which reduces the gas temperature and gas pressure, and reduces the energy used for gas compression.
  • the first temperature-controlled liquid pool with higher temperature can be used (or
  • the high temperature liquid in the second temperature control liquid pool is sent to the liquid piston device, and the gas absorbs the heat of the high temperature liquid to raise the gas temperature and the gas pressure to achieve higher energy output.
  • the first pumping power storage unit further includes a plurality of hydroelectric generating units arranged in series, and two adjacent hydroelectric generating units are There is also a head stabilization tank. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the first pumping power generation unit 150 includes a first hydro-generator set 151, a second hydro-generator set 152, and a third hydro-generator set 153 that are sequentially disposed; the first hydro-generator set 151
  • a first head stabilization tank 191 is disposed between the second hydro-generator set 152 and the second hydro-generator set 152
  • a second head stabilizing tank 192 is disposed between the second hydro-generator set 151 and the third hydro-generator set 152.
  • the head of the first water wheel generating resistor 151 is the first high pressure liquid pipe and the first water
  • the difference between the liquid pressures of the head stabilizing tanks, the liquid pressure in the first high pressure liquid pipeline is the pressure of the compressed gas in the compressed gas storage unit;
  • the heads of the second hydroelectric generating set 151 and the third hydroelectric generating set 152 are respectively The steady pressure applied between the head stabilization tank 191 and the second head stabilization tank 192, the second head stabilization tank 192 and the low pressure pool 170.
  • the water head adjustment tank is provided to ensure stable and efficient operation of each hydro-generator unit.
  • the first pumping power generation unit may include a plurality of hydro-generator units arranged in series and a plurality of hydro-generator units are arranged in parallel, which is not limited herein.
  • the first pumping power generation unit 150 includes a first hydro-generator set 151, a second hydro-generator set 152, and a third hydro-generator set 153 that are disposed in parallel.
  • the pumping power generation unit 150 may include: a water turbine generator set 154, a pressure conversion unit 155, and a water head pool 156.
  • the pressure conversion unit 155 is disposed on the water inlet side of the hydro-generator set 154 (between the second port group and the hydro-generator set); the steady head tank 156 is disposed between the hydro-generator set 154 and the pressure conversion unit 155.
  • the pressure conversion unit 155 converts the magnitude of the pressure input to the pumped-storage power generation unit 150, for example, if the pressure input to the pump-storage power generation unit 150 is excessively large, exceeding the load of the hydro-generator set 154, the pressure can be passed.
  • the conversion unit 155 can convert the pressure input to the pumping power generation unit 150 to a smaller pressure and output it to the hydro-generator set 154 for power generation.
  • the arrangement of the hydro-generator set 154 and the pressure conversion unit 155 ensures that the pressure output from the pressure conversion unit 155 remains stable, thereby ensuring that the hydro-generator set 154 sets the water power.
  • the above-mentioned pressure conversion unit may adopt a structure similar to that of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit, and utilizes a different cross-sectional area of the first hydraulic piston mechanism and the second hydraulic piston mechanism, thereby inputting to the pumping power generation unit.
  • the pressure is converted to a smaller or larger pressure and output to the hydro-generator set.
  • the liquid piston device 130 includes: a pressure vessel 133, at least one plate 134, a liquid distributor 135, and a liquid circulation. Pipe 136, cycle motor 137, and packing 139.
  • At least one plate 134 is disposed at a lower portion of the pressure vessel 133; a filler 139 is disposed above the plate 134; a liquid distributor 135 is disposed at an upper portion of the pressure vessel 133 and located on the packing 139; and a liquid circulation pipe 136 is coupled to the top of the pressure vessel 133 and Bottom; a circulation motor 137 is disposed on the liquid circulation pipe 136 and delivers the liquid at the bottom of the pressure vessel 133 to the top of the pressure vessel 133 through the liquid circulation pipe 136.
  • the liquid piston device 130 can increase the contact area of the liquid and the gas in the pressure vessel 133 through at least one of the plates 134, the filler 139, the liquid distributor 135, the liquid circulation conduit 136, and the circulation motor 137 (ie, the liquid piston device and the liquid piston device) The contact area) and the rate of heat exchange between the liquid and the gas in the pressure vessel 133.
  • the pressure vessel can be a boiler, a chemical tower, an underground pressure-resistant cave, and the like.
  • the compressed gas pipe 122 is connected to the top of the pressure vessel 133 for inputting or outputting compressed gas, the first gas.
  • a pipe 120 is attached to the top of the pressure vessel 133 for inputting or outputting a gas to be compressed, and a liquid pipe 124 is connected to the bottom of the pressure vessel 133 for inputting or outputting liquid.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system further includes valves F1, F2, F46 and F47.
  • the valve F1 is disposed on the first gas conduit 120
  • the valve F2 is disposed on the compressed gas conduit 122
  • the valve F47 is disposed on the liquid circulation conduit 136
  • the valve 46 is disposed on the liquid conduit 124.
  • the compression process of the gas in the liquid piston device 130 is: the initial state pressure vessel 133 is filled with liquid, all valves are closed; the valves F1, F46 are opened, and the gas to be compressed is sent from the first gas conduit 120, and the pressure vessel 133 is placed.
  • the liquid is discharged through the liquid conduit 124 and the valve F46; the F1 is closed, the liquid is supplied to the pressure vessel 133 through the liquid conduit 124 to compress the gas in the pressure vessel 133; at the same time, the valve F47 is opened, and the liquid at the bottom of the pressure vessel 133 is passed through the circulation motor 137.
  • the liquid flows uniformly from the top of the pressure vessel 133 through the liquid distributor 135, and is directly in heat exchange with the gas in the pressure vessel 133, and the liquid forms a liquid film between the fillers 139 as it passes through the filler 139.
  • the gas-liquid contact area is increased; the plate 134 slows down the rate of gas rise and liquid flow, and the liquid flowing down the plate 134 forms a liquid layer of a certain height on the plate 134; after the compression is completed, the valves F46 and F47 are closed. Turning on F2, the compressed gas is sent to the compressed gas line 122.
  • the liquid piston device can increase the contact area of the liquid and gas in the pressure vessel 133 (i.e., the contact area of the liquid piston device with the liquid piston device) and increase the rate of heat exchange between the liquid and the gas in the pressure vessel 133.
  • a mesh hole may be disposed on the plate. During the process of reducing the volume of the gas, the gas passes through the mesh hole on the plate to exchange heat with the liquid layer, thereby further improving the heat exchange rate between the liquid and the gas in the pressure vessel 133.
  • the expansion process of the gas in the liquid piston device 130 is: the initial state pressure vessel 133 is filled with liquid, all the valves are closed, the valves F2, F46 are opened, the compressed gas is sent from the compressed gas pipe 122 to the pressure vessel 133, and a certain gas is fed.
  • valve F2 is closed; the gas is expanded in the pressure vessel 133 to push the liquid in the pressure vessel 133 to perform work externally; while the gas expands, the gas is circulated
  • the machine 137 draws a portion of the liquid at the bottom of the pressure vessel 133 to the top, and the liquid flows uniformly from the top of the pressure vessel 133 through the liquid distributor 135, thereby controlling the temperature of the gas to cause the gas to expand isothermally, thereby increasing the power generation efficiency of the compressed gas.
  • the liquid uniformly flowing from the top of the pressure vessel 133 after passing through the liquid distributor 135 is directly in heat exchange with the gas in the pressure vessel 133, and when the liquid passes through the filler 139, a liquid film is formed between the fillers 139, increasing.
  • the gas-liquid contact area increases the heat exchange rate; the sheet 134 slows down the gas rise and the rate of liquid flow, and the liquid flowing down the sheet 134 forms a liquid layer of a certain height on the sheet 134, further increasing the heat exchange rate.
  • the valve F1 is opened, and the liquid is injected into the pressure vessel 133 through the liquid pipe 124 to send the gas to the first gas pipe 120.
  • the intake pipe and the air outlet pipe of the liquid piston device may be separately configured, for example, a separate arrangement of the outlet pipe connecting the liquid piston device and the upper portion of the compressed gas storage unit,
  • the intake pipe is separately connected to the bottom of the liquid piston and the upper part of the compressed gas storage unit, and during the expansion of the compressed gas, the compressed gas migrated from the compressed gas storage unit is fed from the bottom of the liquid piston, and the gas rises and the liquid is sufficiently heated. Exchange, increase the heat exchange rate, thereby increasing power generation efficiency.
  • the compressed gas storage unit 110 includes an outer can 113 and an inner can 114 disposed inside the outer can 113.
  • the outer tank 113 includes a first tank body 1130 and a first valve 1131 disposed on the first tank body 1130; an inner tank 114 including a second tank body 1140 and a second valve 1141 disposed on the second tank body 1140;
  • the bottom of the can 114 has an opening 1142, a first valve 1131 for inputting or outputting liquid, and a second valve 1141 for inputting or outputting gas.
  • the compressed gas storage unit can distribute the gas storage space of the gas storage and the liquid storage space of the liquid storage in different tanks (ie, the outer tank and the inner tank), thereby preventing the water vapor from contacting the outer tank at the same time, thereby avoiding The water and gas mixes the corrosion of the outer tank, and at the same time, the oxidation resistance requirement of the outer tank material can be reduced.
  • the inner and outer pressures of the inner tank are equal, the requirements for the compressive performance of the inner tank material can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
  • the outer can is made or constructed of steel, and the inner can is made of plastic or glass.
  • the compressed gas storage unit may also adopt a gas structure or a modification of an existing natural cave. The embodiment of the present invention is not limited herein.
  • the outer can or the inner can may have a cylindrical shape.
  • the shape of the outer or inner can may be spherical.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are not limited herein.
  • the compressed gas storage unit 110 includes an outer can 113 and an inner portion of the outer can 113.
  • Tank 114 The outer tank 113 is a first tank body 1130 and a first valve 1131 disposed on the first tank body 1130; the inner tank 114 includes a second tank body 1140, a liquid pipe 1143 extending into the interior of the second tank body 1140, and a liquid pipe disposed in the liquid pipe
  • the second valve 1141 on 1143; the top of the inner can 114 has an opening 1145, the second valve 1141 is for inputting or outputting liquid, and the first valve 1131 is for inputting or outputting gas.
  • the compressed gas storage unit can distribute the gas storage space of the gas storage and the liquid storage space of the liquid storage in different tanks (ie, the outer tank and the inner tank).
  • the compressed gas storage unit can use water to wash out the salt formed in the soluble salt layer. Since the cavity wall cannot contact the water, the above two-layer tank (the inner tank and the outer tank) is used to stabilize the air pressure.
  • the liquid is confined to the inner tank to prevent the liquid from contacting the rock mass to dissolve the water-soluble salt in the underground rock formation and then enter the system, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the system operation.
  • the present embodiment provides a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system further includes The first buffer tank 210, the second high pressure liquid pipe 229, and the second gas pipe 220.
  • the first buffer tank 210 and the first pumping power generation unit 150 have a first height difference H and include a first liquid space 211 and a first gas space 212, and the second high pressure liquid pipe 229 is used for storing or transporting high-pressure liquid, and one end is The first liquid space 211 is connected, and the other end is connected to the second port group 142.
  • the second gas pipe 220 is for storing or transporting compressed gas, and one end is connected to the first gas space 212, and the other end is connected to the gas storage space 112.
  • the compressed gas storage unit can be designed according to the actual environment and the installed capacity, and the pressure may not match the water head required by the first pumping power storage unit, and the first buffer tank and the second high pressure liquid are provided.
  • the conduit and the second gas conduit adjust the liquid pressure of the second port group to match the head required for the first pumping power unit to generate electricity.
  • the first buffer tank may adopt a structure similar to that of the compressed gas storage unit. For details, refer to the related description in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system further includes a second pumping power storage unit 250.
  • Second pump The power generating unit 250 is connected to the liquid piston space 130 and the liquid storage space 111 of the compressed gas storage unit 110, respectively.
  • the second pumping power generation unit 250 is connected to the liquid storage space 111 through the first high pressure liquid pipe 129.
  • the second pumping power generation unit 250 is connected to the liquid piston device 130 through a third high pressure liquid line 329.
  • the height difference between the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 and the liquid in the liquid storage space 111 in the compressed gas storage unit 110 may also be utilized during the isobaric migration of the compressed gas from the compressed gas storage unit 110 to the liquid piston device 130. Power generation. It should be noted that the second power storage unit may be similar to the first power storage unit. For details, refer to the related description in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system can also perform isobaric migration by other means, for example, by connecting the second port group with the first high-pressure liquid pipeline as described in the first embodiment, at this time, the gas The liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system can preferentially use the second pumping power generation unit for isobaric migration.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are not limited herein.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system further includes valves F7, F23, F41, F42, F44 and F45.
  • the valve F7 is disposed between the liquid piston device 131 and the second pumping power generation unit 250, on the third high pressure liquid pipe 329; the valve F23 is disposed between the liquid storage space 111 and the second pumping power storage unit 250, the first high pressure liquid On the pipe 129; a valve 41 is disposed between the gas storage space 112 and the first gas space 212, on the second gas pipe 220; the valve 42 is disposed between the first liquid space 211 and the second port group 142, and the second high pressure liquid On the pipe 229; the valve 44 is disposed between the liquid pipe 126 and the first port group 141; the valve F45 is disposed between the valve F14 and the valve F13; in addition, the valve F20 is also disposed in the first liquid space 211 and the second port group 142. Between the second high pressure liquid conduit 229. It should be noted that the positions and relative relationships of other components in this embodiment can be referred to the related description in Embodiment 1, and details are not described herein again.
  • the energy storage process of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system is: opening the valve F1, filling the liquid piston device 132 in the liquid piston device 130 with the gas to be compressed; closing all the valves; assuming the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140
  • the piston for example, the first piston 1440 or the second piston 1450
  • first moves to the right may also move to the left first, which is not limited herein, and opens the valves F9, F11, F12, F15, F17, F18.
  • the first pumping power generation unit 150 controlling the first pumping power generation unit 150 to transport the liquid in the first liquid source 170 to the second port group 142 via the liquid conduit 128 using the electrical energy that needs to be absorbed and At the second high pressure liquid conduit 229 and the first liquid source 170 Under the action of the pressure difference, the second piston 1450 is pushed and the first piston 1440 is moved to the right by the connecting rod 146, and at the same time, by controlling the first motor 1430 and the first pumping power generating unit 150, the first buffer tank 210 is The inflow amount of the liquid is equal to the outflow amount, that is, the liquid inflow amount of the first buffer tank 210 is zero, and the pressure therein remains unchanged, thereby ensuring that the pressure in the compressed gas storage unit 110 remains unchanged; The second piston 1450 drives the first piston 1440 to move to the right through the connecting rod 146.
  • the liquid in the first liquid source 170 is injected into the liquid through the liquid pipe 128, the valve F36, the liquid pipe 127, the valve F45, the valve F15, the valve F18, and the valve F9.
  • the piston device 130, the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 compresses the gas in the liquid piston device 130, the heat released by the gas compression process is absorbed by the liquid in the liquid piston device 130, the gas in the liquid piston device 130 stores the potential energy;
  • the valves F12, F15, F17, F18 are closed and the valves F13, F14, F16, F19 are opened, and the first pumping power generation unit 150 continues to the first liquid source 17
  • the liquid in 0 is delivered to the second port group 142 via the liquid conduit 128 and under the action of the pressure difference between the second high pressure liquid conduit 229 and the first liquid source 170, the second piston 1450 is pushed and the first piston is driven by the connecting rod 146.
  • the 1440 moves to the left, thereby continuing to cause the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 to compress the gas in the liquid piston device 130; cycling the reciprocating motion (the second piston 1450 is moved to the right and left to the left) until the liquid piston device 130
  • the gas is compressed to a specified pressure (e.g., the pressure of the compressed gas stored by the compressed gas storage unit 110); all valves are closed, valves F2, F7, F23, and F24 are opened, at this time, the liquid piston device 130 of the liquid piston device 130 and compression
  • the gas storage space 112 of the gas storage unit 110 is connected via the compressed gas pipe 122; the second pumping power generation unit 250 draws the liquid in the liquid storage space 111 of the compressed gas storage unit 110 into the liquid piston device 130, thereby bringing the liquid piston device
  • the compressed gas in the liquid piston device 130 of 130 is fed into the gas storage space 112 of the compressed gas storage unit 110, and the second pumping power generation list
  • the amount of liquid drawn from the liquid storage space 111 is equal to the amount of gas
  • the power generation process of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system is: the liquid piston device 130 is filled with liquid; all valves are closed, and the valves F2, F7, F23 and F24 are opened, at this time, the liquid piston device 130 and the compression
  • the gas storage space 112 of the gas storage unit 110 is connected via the compressed gas pipe 122; the second pumping power generation unit 250 is controlled to feed the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 into the liquid storage space 111, and the second pumping power generation unit 250 is controlled to be sent.
  • the amount of liquid entering the liquid storage space 111 Equivalent to the amount of gas removed from the gas storage space 112, thereby forcibly migrating the compressed gas stored in the gas storage space 112 into the liquid piston device 130 and maintaining the pressure of the compressed gas storage unit 110 constant; if the liquid piston device 130 and the compressed gas storage unit If there is a height difference, the second pumping power generation unit 250 can also generate power by using the height difference of the two; when the required compressed gas is released from the compressed gas storage unit 110, the valves F2, F7, F23 and F24 are closed.
  • the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 of the liquid piston device 130 flows into the first liquid source 170 through the valves F9, F18, F15, and the liquid conduit 127,
  • the liquid in the liquid source 170 is generated by the first pumping power generating unit 150 via the liquid pipes 128, 127, the valves F12 and F17 and under the pressure difference between the first buffer tank 210 and the first liquid source 170.
  • the motor 1430 causes the amount of liquid injected into the first buffer tank 210 through the second high pressure liquid pipe 229 to be equal to the amount of liquid flowing out of the first buffer tank 210 through the second high pressure liquid pipe 229; the piston to be subjected to the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 (for example, the first After the piston 1440 or the second piston 1450 is moved to the leftmost end, the valves F15, F18, F12, and F17 are closed, the valves F19, F14, F16, and F13 are opened, and the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 (for example, the first piston 1440 or the first The second piston 1450) moves to the right, repeating the reciprocating motion of the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 until the pressure of the compressed gas in the liquid piston device 130 is lower than a certain pressure value, or the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 is completely discharged to the first A liquid source 170.
  • the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 for example, the first After the piston 1440 or the second piston 1450 is moved to the
  • the first liquid source 170 and the second liquid source 160 may be integrated into one body.
  • first buffer tank and the compressed gas storage unit may be connected in the following manners: 1) the first buffer tank is connected to the compressed gas storage unit storage gas space through the compressor and the expander; 2) A buffer tank stores a gas space through a piston cylinder and a compressed gas storage unit.
  • first buffer tank is connected to the compressed gas storage unit storage gas space through the compressor and the expander.
  • a buffer tank stores a gas space through a piston cylinder and a compressed gas storage unit.
  • the present embodiment provides a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system.
  • the liquid piston device 130 includes a first sub-liquid piston device 1301 and a second sub-liquid piston device 1302.
  • the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 are respectively connected to the first gas pipe 120 and the compressed gas storage unit 110; the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 is connected
  • the first port group 141 and the second liquid source 160 are connected, and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 is connected to the first port group 141.
  • first sub-liquid piston device 1301 and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 can be connected by the first port group 141 such that liquid can be repeated between the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302.
  • the gases in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 are flowed and compressed separately.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system further includes valves F3, F4, and F8.
  • the valve F1 is disposed between the first gas pipe 120 and the first sub-liquid piston device 1301; the valve F3 is disposed between the first gas pipe 120 and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302; the valve F2 is disposed at the compressed gas pipe 122 and Between a sub-liquid piston device 1301; a valve F4 is disposed between the compressed gas conduit 122 and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302.
  • the liquid conduit 125 is coupled to the second sub-liquid piston assembly 1302 and the liquid conduit 124 is coupled to the first sub-liquid piston assembly 1301.
  • the energy storage process of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system is: pre-setting gas in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301, filling the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 with liquid; closing all valves, opening Valves F3, F8, F9, F12, F14, F17, F19, F20, F30, F35, at this time, the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 is in communication with the first gas conduit 120, assuming the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 (for example The first piston 1440 or the second piston 1450) first moves to the right, and the first pumping power generation unit 150 consumes electrical energy to transport the liquid in the first liquid source 170 to the second port group 142 via the liquid conduit 128 and at the first high voltage.
  • the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 for example The first piston 1440 or the second piston 1450
  • the compressed gas storage unit 110 liquid inflow amount is equal to the outflow amount to ensure that the compressed gas storage unit 110 pressure is constant; because the second piston 1450 drives the first piston 1440 to the right through the connecting rod 146, so that the second The liquid in the liquid piston device 1302 is injected into the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 via the liquid conduit 125, the valve F9, the valve F19, the valve F14, and the liquid conduit 124.
  • the liquid in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 compresses the first sub-liquid piston device.
  • the gas in 1301, the gas compression process releases heat absorbed by the liquid, the gas stores potential energy, and the liquid stores heat energy; when the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 (for example, the first piston 1440 or the second piston 1450) runs to the rightmost end, the gas is turned off.
  • Valves F12, F14, F17, F19 open the valves F13, F16, F15, F18, at which time the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 moves to the left, thereby continuing to compress the gas in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301; hydraulic potential energy Conversion unit 140
  • the piston reciprocates until the pressure of the compressed gas in the first sub-liquid piston device 1321 coincides with the gas pressure in the compressed gas storage unit 110, opening the valves F2, F24, the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 and the compressed gas storage unit 110
  • the gas storage space 112 is communicated via the compressed gas conduit 122, and the liquid in the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 is injected into the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 via the liquid conduit 125, the valve F9, the valve F19, the valve F14, and the liquid conduit 124, thereby
  • the compressed gas in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 is isostatically transferred to the compressed gas storage unit 110, at which time the amount of water discharged from the compressed gas storage unit
  • the amount of water entering the unit 110 is such that the amount of water discharged from the compressed gas storage unit 110 is equal to the sum of the amount of intake air and the amount of water inflow, thereby ensuring that the pressure in the compressed gas storage unit 110 remains stable; the compressed gas in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301, etc.
  • the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 is filled with liquid
  • the second sub-liquid piston is loaded 1302 is filled with gas to be compressed; all valves are closed, valves F1, F8, F9, F12, F14, F17, F19, F20, F30, F35 are opened, and the piston of hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 (for example, first piston 1440 or The second piston 1450) first moves to the left, then closes the valves F12, F15, F17, F19, opens the valves F13, F16, F15, F18, and moves the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 to the right, repeating the above process to the first child
  • the liquid in the liquid piston is drawn into the second sub-liquid piston device to compress the gas.
  • the liquid in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 When the liquid in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 reaches a certain temperature, the liquid can be exchanged with the second liquid source 160 through the liquid conduit 123 and the two-way water pump 183.
  • the first sub-liquid piston device and the second sub-liquid piston device can alternately compress the gas, reducing the liquid piston device (the first sub-liquid piston device or the second The sub-liquid piston device) empties the liquid and the time of filling the gas to be compressed.
  • the first sub-liquid piston device completes the gas compression and isobaric migration process
  • the gas in the second sub-liquid piston device can be immediately compressed. Thereby, the energy storage efficiency of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system is improved.
  • the liquid can continuously compress the gas between the first sub-liquid piston device and the second sub-liquid piston device, absorb heat, and gradually increase the temperature, thereby improving the energy quality (high temperature) of the liquid, thereby being used twice. For example, power generation or heating, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system.
  • the power generation process of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system is: filling the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 with liquid, closing all valves, and opening the valves F2, F3, F8, F9, F13, F15, F16 F18, F20, F24, F30, F35.
  • the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 communicates with the gas storage space 112 of the compressed gas storage unit 110 via the compressed gas pipe 122, and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 and the first The gas pipes 120 are connected; assuming the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140
  • the piston (for example, the first piston 1440 or the second piston 1450) first moves to the right, and the liquid in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 flows into the second through the liquid conduit 124, the valves F8, F15, F18, F9, and the liquid conduit 125.
  • the sub-liquid piston device 1302 the liquid in the first liquid source 170 flows into the compressed gas storage unit 110 through the liquid conduit 128, the liquid conduit 127, the valve F13, the valve F16, and the first high-pressure liquid conduit 129, and compresses the liquid in the gas storage unit 110.
  • the first pumping power generation unit 150 generates power under the pressure difference between the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the first liquid source 170.
  • the first high pressure liquid pipe 129 can be injected into the compressed gas storage unit 110 by adjusting the first motor 1430.
  • the amount of liquid is equal to the sum of the amount of liquid flowing out of the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the amount of the evolved compressed gas, thereby causing the compressed gas to be pressure-migrated from the compressed gas storage unit 110 into the first sub-liquid piston device 1301; After the compressed gas storage unit 110 isostatically moves out the required compressed gas, the valves F2 and F24 are closed, and the compressed gas is expanded and pushed in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301.
  • the liquid in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301, and the compressed gas can absorb the heat of the liquid when expanding the work, converting the energy stored by the compressed gas into the hydraulic potential energy of the liquid in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301, the first sub-liquid piston
  • the liquid in the device 1301 flows into the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 through the liquid conduit 124, the valves F8, F15, F18, and the liquid conduit 125.
  • the liquid in the first liquid source 170 passes through the liquid conduit 128, the liquid conduit 127, the valve F13, and the valve.
  • F16 is generated by the first pumping power generation unit 150 under the pressure difference between the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the first liquid source 170.
  • the first high-pressure liquid pipe 129 can be injected into the compressed gas storage by adjusting the first motor 1430.
  • the amount of liquid of unit 110 is equal to the amount of liquid flowing out of compressed gas storage unit 110 to maintain pressure stability in compressed gas storage unit 110; piston of hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 (eg, first piston 1440 or second piston 1450) After moving to the rightmost end, close the valves F15, F18, F13, F16, open the valves F14, F19, F12, F17, the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 The liquid continues to flow into the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 via the liquid conduit 124, the valves F8, F14, F19, and the liquid conduit 125.
  • the liquid in the first liquid source 170 passes through the liquid conduit 128, the liquid conduit 127, the valve F12, and the valve F17.
  • the first pumping power generating unit 150 generates power by the pressure difference between the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the first liquid source 170, and the piston of the potential energy converting unit 140 (for example, the first piston 1440 or the second piston 1450) moves to the left.
  • the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 is filled with liquid, close all valves, and open the valves F1, F4, F8, F9, F12, F15, F17, F18, F20, F30, F35, at this time,
  • the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 and the gas of the compressed gas storage unit 110 The storage space 112 is connected to the compressed gas pipe 122.
  • the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 is connected to the first gas pipe 120, and the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 is moved to the left to firstly move the compressed gas in the gas storage space 112 to the same pressure.
  • the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 expands in the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 to perform power generation; then closes the valves F12, F15, F17, F18, opens the valves F13, F16, F14, F19, and the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140
  • the piston moves to the left, and continues to expand the compressed gas in the gas storage space 112 in the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 to perform power generation; repeating the reciprocating motion of the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit until the second sub-liquid piston device 1302
  • the compressed gas pressure is below a certain pressure value, or the liquid in the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 is completely transferred to the first sub-liquid piston device 1301.
  • the specific process of generating electricity by the compressed gas in the second sub-liquid piston device can be referred to the specific process of generating electricity by the compressed gas in the first sub-liquid piston device, and details are not described herein.
  • the compressed gas may alternately expand work in the first sub-liquid piston device and the second sub-liquid piston device while simultaneously filling the first sub-liquid piston device and the second sub-liquid piston device with the liquid The time for filling the liquid piston device (the first sub-liquid piston device or the second sub-liquid piston device) is reduced, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system.
  • the present embodiment provides a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system.
  • the liquid piston device may include a plurality of sub-liquid piston devices, and the sub-liquid piston devices respectively connect the first gas.
  • a conduit and a compressed gas storage unit, the sub-liquid piston device is coupled to the first port group and the second liquid source, respectively. This means that a plurality of sub-liquid piston devices are connected in parallel.
  • the liquid piston device can include a first sub-liquid piston device 1301 and a second sub-liquid piston device 1302.
  • the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 are respectively connected to the first gas pipe 120 and the compressed gas storage unit 110; the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 are respectively connected to the first port group 141 and a second source of liquid 160.
  • the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 can respectively operate independently, thereby improving the storage of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system without increasing the capacity of the sub-liquid piston device. Energy and efficiency of power generation.
  • the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 and the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 can also be operated in a time-sharing to continuously perform energy storage and power generation.
  • the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 discharges the liquid to the second liquid source 160 while presetting the gas to be compressed;
  • the compressed gas expands in the first sub-liquid piston device 1301 to perform work or gas
  • the liquid of the desired temperature can be injected from the second liquid source 160 to the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 and the gas to be compressed in the second sub-liquid piston device 1302 can be discharged for the next time from the compressed gas storage unit.
  • liquid piston device 110 isobaric migration of compressed gas to prepare.
  • the liquid piston device may further include two or more sub-liquid piston devices, which are not limited herein.
  • the valve and the liquid pipeline in this embodiment can be set according to actual needs, and the details of the embodiments of the present invention are not described herein again.
  • the second liquid source 160 and the first liquid source 170 may be integrated. Thereby, the floor space of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system can be reduced.
  • the present embodiment provides a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system, as shown in FIG. 17, further including a second buffer tank 230.
  • the second buffer tank 230 includes a second liquid space 231 and a second gas space 232.
  • the second liquid space 231 is connected to the liquid storage space 111 via the second pumping power generation unit 250, and is connected to the liquid piston device 130 via the third motor 183.
  • the second gas space 232 is connected to the liquid piston device 130 and the gas storage space 112, respectively. Therefore, when the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system stores energy, the second pumping power generation unit 250 can consume electric energy to feed the liquid in the liquid storage space 111 of the compressed gas storage unit 110 into the second buffer tank 230.
  • the compressed gas in the second buffer tank 230 can be transferred to the gas storage space 112 of the compressed gas storage unit 110, in which the electric energy is converted into the potential energy of the water; at the same time, the compressed gas in the liquid piston device 130 Transferred to the second buffer tank 230, the compressed gas in the second buffer tank 230 can be continuously transferred to the gas storage space 112 of the compressed gas storage unit 110 by controlling the flow rate of the compressed gas entering and leaving the second buffer tank 230, thereby making it possible to The second pumping power generation unit 250 is continuously operated.
  • the second pumping power generation unit 250 can generate power by using the pressure difference between the liquid of the buffer tank 230 and the liquid in the liquid storage space 111 of the compressed gas storage unit 110.
  • the liquid in the buffer tank 230 enters the compressed gas storage unit 110, and the compressed gas in the compressed gas storage unit 110 is transferred to the second buffer tank 230, and the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 of the liquid piston device 130 enters the second buffer tank 230,
  • the compressed gas in the second buffer tank 230 migrates to the liquid piston device 130 for expansion work.
  • the position between the compressed gas storage unit and the second buffer tank and the liquid piston device is not limited, and the positional relationship between the first buffer tank and the first pumping power storage unit is not limited.
  • the height difference between the compressed gas storage unit and the second buffer tank or the liquid piston is small When the second pumping power generation unit is implemented by a water pump.
  • the present embodiment provides a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system includes: a gas-liquid mixed potential energy conversion unit 380, A third liquid port 381, a fourth liquid port group 382, a gas port group 383, and a control unit 384; and a third liquid source 172 configured to deliver liquid to the compressed gas storage unit 110 or to receive the compressed gas storage unit 110 Liquid.
  • the third liquid port group 381 is connected to the liquid storage space 111 and the third liquid source 172, respectively
  • the fourth liquid port group 382 is connected to the liquid piston device 130 and the second liquid source 160, respectively, and the gas port group 383 and the gas storage space 112, respectively.
  • control unit 384 is configured to control the potential energy conversion rate of the gas-liquid mixed potential energy conversion unit 380 to balance the potential energy of the third liquid port group 381, the fourth liquid port group 382, and the gas port group 383 to
  • the compressed gas in which the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the liquid piston device 130 do not coincide with the temperature and pressure in the liquid piston device 130 are equally transferred between the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the liquid piston device 130.
  • the equal density migration means that the ratio of the temperature and the pressure before and after the transfer of the compressed gas between the liquid piston device and the compressed gas storage unit is constant, that is, the gas density is constant.
  • the fourth liquid port group sends the liquid in the second liquid source to the liquid piston device to cause the compressed gas to migrate from the liquid piston device to the compressed gas storage unit through the gas port group; or vice versa
  • the first liquid cylinder draws the liquid in the compressed gas storage unit into the second liquid source
  • the second liquid cylinder sends the liquid in the liquid piston device to the third liquid source to transfer the compressed gas through the gas cylinder from the compressed gas storage unit. Power is generated into the liquid piston device.
  • the energy storage process of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system is: preset gas in the liquid piston device 130; close all valves, open the valves F8, F13, F14, F16, F19, F30, F35, F41, F42, F46, F47, F63, assuming that the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 (for example, the first piston 1440 or the second piston 1450) moves to the right first, the first pumping power generation unit 150 consuming electric energy to transport the liquid in the first liquid source 170 to the second port group and pushing the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 to the right under the pressure difference between the second high pressure liquid pipe 220 and the first liquid source 170,
  • the liquid in the second liquid source 160 is injected into the liquid piston device 130 through the valves F19, F14, F8 to compress the gas, the gas compression process releases heat absorbed by the liquid, the gas stores potential energy, and the liquid stores heat energy, by controlling the first motor 1430 and the first
  • F48, F51, F59, and F62 are sent to the compressed gas storage unit 110, and the control unit 384 controls the liquid outflow amount of the compressed gas storage unit 110 to be equal to the volume of the gas feed amount, thereby ensuring that the pressure in the compressed gas storage unit 110 is stable. After the isostatic transfer of the compressed gas in the liquid piston device 130 is completed, the above process is repeated.
  • the power generation process of the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system is: filling the liquid piston device 130 with liquid, closing all valves, and opening the valves F2, F8, F48, F49, F52, F53, F57, F58, F61, F62, F64, at this time, the gas storage space 112 of the liquid piston device 130 and the compressed gas storage unit 110 passes through the gas pipe 122, the gas-liquid mixed potential energy conversion unit 182 gas cylinder, the gas pipe 320
  • the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 for example, the first piston 1440 or the second piston 1450
  • the piston of the gas-liquid mixed potential energy conversion unit 380 moves to the right first
  • the control unit 384 controls the gas-liquid mixed potential energy.
  • the converting unit 380 injects the liquid in the third liquid source 172 into the compressed gas storage unit 110 through the valves F49, F57 and the liquid conduit 222.
  • the compressed gas in the compressed gas storage unit 110 passes through the gas conduit 320, the valves F62, F58, F52, and the gas.
  • the pipe 122, the valves F48, F2 are sent into the liquid piston device 130, and the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 flows into the second liquid source 160 through the valves F8, F64, F53, F61; gas-liquid mixing
  • the valves F49, F57, F52, F58, F53, and F61 are closed, the valves F50, F56, F51, F59, F54, and F60 are opened, and the piston of the gas-liquid mixed potential energy conversion unit 380 will be left.
  • the amount of liquid injected into the compressed gas storage unit 110 via the liquid conduit 222 by the adjustment control unit 384 is equal to the amount of the evolved compressed gas, thereby keeping the pressure of the compressed gas storage unit 110 constant; the density from the compressed gas storage unit 110 After migrating the required compressed gas, shut down the There are valves, open valves F8, F15, F18, F12, F17, F41, F42, F63, F46, F47, F35, F30, compressed gas in the compressed gas storage unit 110 through the gas pipeline 320, valves F63, F41 to the first buffer
  • the pool 210 provides a stable pressure, that is, provides a stable head for the first pumping power generation unit 150, and the compressed gas expands in the liquid piston device 130 and pushes the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 to work, so that the hydraulic potential energy conversion device piston moves to the right first.
  • the compressed gas can absorb the heat of the liquid during the expansion work
  • the liquid in the liquid piston device 130 flows into the second liquid source 160 through the liquid conduit 124, the valves F8, F15, F18, and the liquid in the first liquid source 170 passes through the valve F47, F17, F12, F46, F35 flow through the first pumping power generation unit 150 to generate electricity and then flow back to the first liquid source 170 through the valve F30; after the piston of the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit 140 moves to the rightmost end, the valves F15, F18, F17, and F12 are closed.
  • the pressure of the compressed gas in the liquid piston device 130 is P1
  • the temperature is T1
  • the gas pressure in the compressed gas storage unit 110 is P2
  • the temperature is T2
  • P1 and P2 are not necessarily equal. T1 and T2 are not necessarily equal.
  • the compressed gas having a pressure of P1 and a temperature of T1 is subjected to a gas cylinder of the gas-liquid mixed potential energy conversion unit 380, and the pressure is changed to P2, and the temperature is changed to T2 and then migrated to
  • the liquid mixture potential energy conversion unit 380 acts, the pressure becomes P1, and the temperature becomes T1 and then migrates to the liquid piston device.
  • the system operation can be divided into three processes: Process 1, the first pumping power storage unit utilizes the hydraulic potential energy storage and power generation process of the first port group of the hydraulic potential energy replacing device; and the second process, the gas compresses and expands in the liquid piston device; In the third step, the compressed gas migrates between the liquid piston device and the compressed gas storage unit.
  • Process 1 the first pumping power storage unit utilizes the hydraulic potential energy storage and power generation process of the first port group of the hydraulic potential energy replacing device
  • the second process the gas compresses and expands in the liquid piston device
  • the compressed gas migrates between the liquid piston device and the compressed gas storage unit.
  • the compressed gas storage unit since the compressed gas storage unit usually adopts underground engineering, the volume is large, and the liquid demand is large, so as to ensure the constant temperature and constant pressure of the liquid stored therein, and at the same time, The liquid quality requirement is low, so ordinary liquid can be used; in process 2, the gas expands and compresses in the liquid piston device, and the liquid demand is small, but if the liquid is required to control the temperature of the gas by using the liquid, the liquid is required to be high.
  • the first port group of the conversion unit is not directly connected or is subjected to isobaric migration with additional equipment to form a closed loop, otherwise the loop body and the compressed gas storage unit are in liquid exchange), taking into account the loss of impurities in the liquid to the turbine
  • the circulation system can use a pure liquid without impurities as a working medium.
  • the liquid sources employed in the above three processes can also be combined.
  • the piston of the gas equal density migration device can function to convert the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the gas in different states of the liquid piston device 130, and at the same time, the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the liquid piston device 130 are not directly connected to the gas path.
  • the gas in the compressed gas storage unit 110 and the liquid piston device 130 are prevented from interacting with each other, so that the gas pressure in the compressed gas storage unit 110 is maintained constant.
  • the embodiment provides a energy storage power generation method for a gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system includes: a compressed gas storage unit, a first gas pipeline, a liquid piston device, and a hydraulic potential energy conversion The unit and the first pumping power generation unit.
  • the compressed gas storage unit includes a liquid storage space, a gas storage space, and a first high-pressure liquid pipe connected to the liquid storage space; the liquid piston device is respectively connected to the gas storage space and the first gas pipe; and the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit includes the first The port group and the second port group; the liquid piston device is connected to the first port group, and the first pumping power generating unit is connected to the second port group.
  • the energy storage power generation method includes steps S601-S608.
  • Step S601 In the energy storage phase, the pumping power generation unit is used to extract liquid (for example, water) and convert the electric energy into hydraulic potential energy and output to the second port group.
  • liquid for example, water
  • energy storage can be performed when the power system (grid) load is small.
  • Step S602 The hydraulic potential energy of the second port group is converted into the hydraulic potential energy of the first port group using the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit.
  • Step S603 using the hydraulic potential energy of the first port group to send liquid into the liquid piston device to compress the gas to be compressed into compressed gas.
  • Step S604 The compressed gas of the liquid piston device is subjected to equal pressure migration to the compressed gas storage unit.
  • a portion of the liquid in the liquid storage space is discharged through the first high pressure liquid conduit to effect equal pressure migration of the compressed gas of the liquid piston device to the compressed gas storage unit.
  • Step S605 In the power generation phase, the compressed gas portion stored in the compressed gas storage unit is subjected to equal pressure migration or equal density migration to the liquid piston device.
  • liquid is introduced into the liquid storage space through the first high pressure liquid conduit to effect an isotropic migration of the compressed gas stored in the compressed gas storage unit to the liquid piston device.
  • Step S606 using the compressed gas expansion of the liquid piston device to push the liquid to work, at the first port The group forms hydraulic potential energy.
  • Step S607 The hydraulic potential energy of the first port group is converted into the hydraulic potential energy of the second port group by using the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit.
  • Step S608 The power generation is performed by using the pumping power generation unit using the hydraulic potential energy of the second port group.
  • the energy storage power generation method does not need to provide a gas turbine, so that the gas can be not consumed, and environmental pollution and the like can be avoided.
  • the process of transferring the compressed gas from the compressed gas storage unit to the liquid piston device and transferring the compressed gas from the temperature control body fluid piston to the compressed gas storage unit is an isobaric migration process, the pressure of the compressed gas storage unit is constant, thereby The damage to the compressed gas storage unit during gas compression and expansion is avoided, and the life of the compressed gas storage unit is prolonged.
  • the compressed gas storage unit is not designed for pressure changes and temperature changes due to expansion or compression of the compressed gas, the construction cost or manufacturing cost of the compressed gas storage unit can be reduced;
  • the characteristics of the pressure storage provide a stable head for the first pumping power generation unit, reduce the loss of the head change to the turbine generator blade, and improve the power generation efficiency.
  • the energy storage power generation method provided by the example of the embodiment further includes: using the pressure of the compressed gas storage unit to stabilize the liquid pressure of the second port group during the power generation phase. Since the first pumping power storage unit is connected to the second port group, the first pumping power generating unit can be made to heat the hair by the stable pressure of the compressed gas storage unit, so that the first pumping power generating unit can be made higher. Power generation efficiency. For example, when the first pumping power storage unit includes a water turbine, the normal turbine needs to perform the highest power generation efficiency, and the constantly changing (unstable) water head may cause greater damage to the turbine blades, resulting in power generation efficiency. Therefore, the stored energy generation method utilizes the stable pressure of the compressed gas storage unit to stabilize the inlet head when the first pumping power generation unit generates power, thereby achieving the first power storage unit to achieve higher power generation efficiency.
  • the energy storage power generation method provided by the example of the embodiment further includes: connecting one end of the first high-pressure liquid pipeline to the liquid storage space, and connecting the other end to the second port group, so that the pressure of the compressed gas storage unit can be stabilized by the second.
  • the liquid pressure of the port group is
  • the gas-liquid two-phase combined energy storage power generation system further includes a first buffer tank having a first height difference from the first pumping power generation unit and including the first a liquid space and a first gas space, a second high pressure liquid pipe, and a second gas pipe; the energy storage power generation method further comprises: connecting one end of the second gas pipe to the first gas space, and the other end is connected to the gas storage space, One end of the second high pressure liquid pipe is connected to the first liquid space, and the other end is connected to the second port group Connected to thereby stabilize the liquid pressure of the second port group using the pressure of the compressed gas storage unit through the first buffer tank.
  • the pressure of the second port group can be adjusted by setting the height of the first buffer tank relative to the compressed gas storage unit, that is, the value of the first height difference, thereby providing a new liquid when the first pumping power generation unit generates power. pressure.
  • the compressed gas storage unit can be designed according to the actual environment and the installed capacity, the pressure may not match the head required by the first pumping power storage unit, and the first buffer tank and the second high voltage are set by the above.
  • the liquid conduit and the second gas conduit adjust the liquid pressure of the second port group to match the head required for power generation by the first pumping power unit.
  • the energy storage power generation method provided by the example of the embodiment further includes: controlling, by using the first pumping power generation unit, a liquid flow rate flowing into/out of the first high pressure liquid pipeline or the first buffer tank per unit time to make the compressed gas storage unit The internal pressure remains stable.
  • the liquid inflow amount of the first high pressure liquid pipe or the first buffer tank may be equal to the liquid outflow amount by using the pumping power generating unit, so that the pressure inside the compressed gas storage unit is kept stable;
  • the liquid outflow amount of the first high pressure liquid pipe or the first buffer tank may be equal to the sum of the liquid inflow amount and the amount of the moved compressed gas by using the pumping power generating unit, thereby making the compressed gas
  • the pressure inside the storage unit is kept stable; when the compressed gas is withdrawn from the compressed gas storage unit, the liquid inflow amount of the first high pressure liquid pipe or the first buffer tank can be equal to the liquid outflow amount and the moved out by using the pumping power generating unit.
  • the sum of the amounts of compressed gas thereby maintaining the pressure inside the compressed gas storage unit stable.
  • the amount of the above liquid and the amount of the compressed gas may be the volume occupied by the liquid and the compressed gas.
  • the hydraulic potential energy conversion unit includes a conversion adjustment unit
  • the energy storage power generation method includes: using a conversion adjustment unit to control the inflow/outflow of the first high pressure liquid pipeline per unit time or the first The liquid flow rate of a buffer tank is such that the pressure inside the compressed gas storage unit remains stable.
  • the above-described method of controlling the flow rate of the liquid flowing into/out of the first high-pressure liquid pipe or the first buffer tank per unit time by using the first pumping-storage power generation unit and controlling the flow in/out of the unit time by using the conversion adjusting unit The liquid flow rate of the high-pressure liquid pipe or the first buffer tank may be used alone or in combination, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited herein.
  • the second liquid source may be an open liquid source, that is, the liquid source stored therein is more than necessary, the liquid temperature is kept constant at the ambient temperature; the second liquid source and the liquid are
  • the piston device can also be treated with a thermal insulation material.
  • the liquid in the second liquid source is used in the liquid piston device for the compression expansion process of the gas, exchanges heat with the gas, and thermally or thermally stores the thermal energy or cold energy during the compression expansion process of the gas.
  • the energy storage power generation method provided by the example of the embodiment further includes: when the gas in the liquid piston device is compressed by the hydraulic potential energy of the first port in the energy storage phase, the liquid piston device is provided with the liquid having the first temperature. And in the power generation phase, prior to migrating the compressed gas of the liquid piston device to the compressed gas storage unit, the liquid piston device is supplied with a liquid having a second temperature, the second temperature being greater than the first temperature. Thereby, the liquid having the first temperature can absorb the heat generated when the gas is compressed, the gas temperature and the gas pressure are lowered, and the energy for gas compression can be reduced; and the liquid having the second temperature can provide heat when the gas expands and works. Increasing the gas temperature and gas pressure to achieve higher energy output, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the energy storage power generation method.
  • the energy storage power generation method provided by the example of the embodiment further includes: when the gas in the liquid piston device is compressed by the hydraulic potential energy of the first port in the energy storage phase, the liquid piston device is provided with the liquid having the third temperature.
  • the liquid in the second liquid source is repeatedly fed into the liquid piston device to participate in the gas compression process, absorbing heat generated by the compression of the gas, and finally the liquid in the second liquid source is converted into a liquid having a fourth temperature, and the second liquid source
  • the liquid is thermally insulated; in the power generation phase, before the pressure of the compressed gas of the liquid piston device is equalized to the compressed gas storage unit, the liquid stored in the second liquid source is supplied to the liquid piston device; the compressed gas expands and raises the liquid When the hydraulic potential energy of the piston device is output to the first port group, the compressed gas expands to absorb the heat of the liquid, the temperature of the liquid decreases, and the liquid is discharged from the liquid piston device and stored.
  • the heat generated during the compression of the gas can be stored and utilized when the gas expands and performs work.
  • the waste of energy can be reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the energy storage power generation method can be improved, and on the other hand, the energy storage power generation method can be used. Reusing the liquid in the second liquid source repeatedly reduces the use of water resources.
  • the energy storage power generation method provided by the example of the embodiment further includes: when the gas in the liquid piston device is compressed by the hydraulic potential energy of the first port in the energy storage phase, the liquid piston device is provided with the liquid having the fifth temperature. And the liquid having the fifth temperature is converted into a liquid having a sixth temperature in the process; heating or generating electricity by using the liquid having the sixth temperature; and in the power generation stage, the pressure of the compressed gas of the liquid piston device is equalized to the compression Before the gas storage unit, the liquid piston device is supplied with the liquid having the seventh temperature; when the compressed gas expands and increases the hydraulic potential energy of the liquid piston device and is output to the first port group, the liquid having the seventh temperature is converted to have the eighth temperature Liquid; and using a liquid having an eighth temperature for refrigeration.
  • the temperature of the compressed gas is controlled by the liquid of the fifth temperature to reduce the external energy consumed by the compressed gas, and the liquid of the fifth temperature is heated to the liquid of the sixth temperature by the heat generated by the compression of the gas, thereby enabling
  • the sixth temperature liquid can be used for heating or power generation, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the energy storage power generation method; on the other hand, using the seventh temperature
  • the liquid replenishes the compressed gas to improve the ability of the compressed gas to expand and work.
  • the liquid of the seventh temperature can be cooled to the liquid of the eighth temperature by the principle of heat absorption during gas expansion, so that the liquid of the eighth temperature can be Used for refrigeration.
  • the fifth temperature is greater than the seventh temperature.
  • the liquid of the fifth temperature can be heated to the liquid of the sixth temperature by the heat generated when the gas is compressed, thereby further improving the quality of the energy, so that the originally low-quality energy of the liquid having the fifth temperature is converted to have the sixth
  • the high quality energy of the liquid of temperature on the other hand, the principle of endothermic heat when using gas expansion to convert the originally low quality energy of the liquid having the seventh temperature into the high quality energy of the liquid having the eighth temperature.
  • the gas when the energy storage process is performed, if the gas temperature is lower than the liquid temperature, the gas can be controlled to be adiabatic and compressed by the expander first, and then isothermal compression can be performed to reduce the compression. Energy consumed; when the power generation process is performed, if the gas temperature is higher than the liquid temperature, the control gas is first adiabatically expanded by the expander, and then isothermal expansion is performed to improve the power generation efficiency.

Abstract

一种气液两相联合储能发电系统,该气液两相联合储能发电系统包括压缩气体存储单元(110)、第一气体管道(120)、液体活塞装置(130)、液压势能转换单元(140)以及第一抽蓄发电单元(150)。该气液两相联合储能发电系统可通过将液体活塞装置(130)与液压势能转换单元(140)的第一端口组(141)相连并向第一端口组(141)接收和输出液压势能,将第一抽蓄发电单元(150)与液压势能转换单元(140)的第二端口组(142)相连并向第二端口组(142)接收和输出液压势能来提供一种储能发电装置。还涉及使用该系统的储能发电方法。

Description

气液两相联合储能发电系统及其储能发电方法 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种气液两相联合储能发电系统以及一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的储能发电方法。
背景技术
随着电力系统的发展,储能发电技术对电网的稳定性和经济性起到越来越重要的作用。储能发电技术可在电网负荷较低时将多余电能存储起来,在电网负荷较高的时候利用储能进行发电以提高整个电力系统的稳定性和经济性。同时,储能发电技术还可适于调频、调相、稳定电力系统的周波和电压、以及提高发电站发电效率等用途。
另一方面,随着光伏发电、风电等新能源发电技术的快速发展,风电和太阳能并网装机容量也随之越来越大。然而,风电和太阳能光伏等新能源发电技术固有的间歇性和波动性对电网的冲击很大,导致我国风电和光伏发电未并网比例较高,造成能源损失和经济损失。
发明内容
本发明至少一实施例提供一种气液两相联合储能发电系统及其储能发电方法。该气液两相联合储能发电系统包括压缩气体存储单元、第一气体管道、液体活塞装置、液压势能转换单元以及第一抽蓄发电单元。压缩气体存储单元包括相互连通的液体存储空间、气体存储空间以及与液体存储空间相连的第一高压液体管道;第一气体管道用于储能时输送待压缩气体以及发电时输送膨胀后气体,液体活塞装置与气体存储空间、第一气体管道分别相连;液压势能转换单元包括第一端口组和第二端口组;活塞液体装置与第一端口组相连并被配置为向第一端口组接收和输出液压势能,第一抽蓄发电单元与第二端口组相连并被配置为向第二端口组接收和输出液压势能。该气液两相联合储能发电系统可降低成本并提高储能发电效率。
本发明至少一实施例提供一种气液两相联合储能发电系统,包括压缩气体存储单元、第一气体管道、液体活塞装置、液压势能转换单元以及第一抽蓄发电单元;压缩气体存储单元包括相互连通的液体存储空间、气体存储空间以及 与所述液体存储空间相连的第一高压液体管道,所述气体存储空间被配置为存储具有稳定压强的压缩气体并利用所述压缩气体储能,所述液体存储空间被配置为存储液体,所述第一高压液体管道被配置通过对所述液体存储空间输入或输出液体来维持所述压缩气体的压强;第一气体管道被配置为储能时输送待压缩气体以及发电时输送膨胀后气体;液体活塞装置与所述气体存储空间、所述第一气体管道分别相连;液压势能转换单元包括第一端口组和第二端口组并被配置为将所述第一端口组的液压势能转换为所述第二端口组的液压势能和将所述第二端口组的液压势能转换为所述第一端口组的液压势能;第一抽蓄发电单元被配置为利用电能抽取液体以将电能转化为液压势能或利用液压势能发电,所述液体活塞装置与所述第一端口组相连并被配置为向所述第一端口组接收和输出液压势能,所述第一抽蓄发电单元与所述第二端口组相连并被配置为向所述第二端口组接收和输出液压势能。
本发明至少一实施例提供一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的储能发电方法,其包括:在储能阶段,使用所述第一抽蓄发电单元抽取液体以将电能转化为液压势能并输出至所述第二端口组;使用所述液压势能转换单元将所述第二端口组的液压势能转为所述第一端口组的液压势能;利用所述第一端口组的液压势能将液体送入所述液体活塞装置使待压缩气体压缩为所述压缩气体;将所述液体活塞装置的所述压缩气体等压迁移或等密度迁移至所述压缩气体存储单元;在发电阶段,将所述压缩气体存储单元中存储的所述压缩气体部分等压迁移或等密度迁移至所述液体活塞装置;利用所述液体活塞装置的所述压缩气体膨胀推动液体做功,在所述第一端口组形成液压势能;使用所述液压势能转换单元将所述第一端口组的液压势能转为所述第二端口组的液压势能;以及使用所述第一抽蓄发电单元利用所述第二端口组的液压势能进行发电。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例,而非对本公开的限制。
图1为本发明一实施例提供的一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的示意图;
图2为本发明一实施例提供的另一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的示意图;
图3为本发明一实施例提供的一种液压势能转换单元的结构示意图;
图4为本发明一实施例提供的一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的总体结构示意图;
图5为本发明一实施例提供的一种液压势能转换单元连接方式示意图;
图6为本发明一实施例提供的一种第二液体源的结构示意图;
图7为本发明一实施例提供的一种第一抽蓄发电单元的结构示意图;
图8为本发明一实施例提供的另一种第一抽蓄发电单元的结构示意图;
图9为本发明一实施例提供的另一种第一抽蓄发电单元的结构示意图;
图10为本发明一实施例提供的一种液体活塞装置的结构示意图;
图11为本发明一实施例提供的一种压缩气体存储单元的结构示意图;
图12为本发明一实施例提供的另一种压缩气体存储单元的结构示意图;
图13为本发明一实施例提供的另一种压缩气体存储单元的结构示意图;
图14为本发明一实施例提供的另一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的总体结构示意图;
图15为本发明一实施例提供的另一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的总体结构示意图;
图16为本发明一实施例提供的另一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的总体结构示意图;
图17为本发明一实施例提供的另一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的总体结构示意图;
图18为本发明一实施例提供的另一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的总体结构示意图;以及
图19为本发明一实施例提供的另一种储能发电方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本公开实施例的附图,对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义,本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领 域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。
在研究中,本申请的发明人发现:作为通常的大容量储能技术,抽水蓄能技术对地理环境要求苛刻、建设周期长;而压缩气体储能技术存在一定的局限性,其主要缺点是在与燃气轮机配合时需要消耗燃气,并且会产生环境污染、易泄漏、能量密度低等问题。另外,在气体压缩、膨胀时,温度变化剧烈,对相关设备的伤害较大,从而导致设备成本以及设备检修成本较高。
本发明实施例提供一种气液两相联合储能发电系统及其储能发电方法。该气液两相联合储能发电系统包括:压缩气体存储单元、第一气体管道、液体活塞装置、液压势能转换单元以及第一抽蓄发电单元。压缩气体存储单元包括相互连通的液体存储空间、气体存储空间以及与液体存储空间相连的第一高压液体管道;气体存储空间用于存储具有稳定压强的压缩气体并利用该压缩气体储能;液体存储空间用于存储液体;第一高压液体管道通过对液体存储空间输入或输出液体来维持压缩气体的压强,液体不能被压缩,因此通过输入输出液体改变液体存储空间体积,从而改变气体存储空间体积,使气体压强增大或减小。第一气体管道在储能时用于输送待压缩气体,在发电时用于输送膨胀后的气体。液体活塞装置与气体存储空间、第一气体管道分别相连。液压势能转换单元包括第一端口组和第二端口组并用于将第一端口组的液压势能转换为第二端口组的液压势能和将第二端口组的液压势能转换为第一端口组的液压势能。第一抽蓄发电单元用于利用电能抽取液体(例如,水)以将电能转化为液压势能或利用液压势能发电。液体活塞装置与第一端口组相连并被配置为向第一端口组接收和输出液压势能,第一抽蓄发电单元与第二端口组相连并被配置为向第二端口组接收和输出液压势能。由此,该气液两相联合储能发电系统可提供一种新型储能发电系统。该气液两相联合储能发电系统不需要设置燃气轮机,从而可不消耗燃气,可避免产生环境污染等问题。另外,由于压缩气体存储单元可通过第一高压液体管道对液体存储空间输入或输出液体来维持压缩气体的压强,从而可避免在气体压缩、膨胀时对压缩气体存储单元的损害,延长压 缩气体存储单元的寿命;同时还可利用压缩气体存储单元恒压存储的特性为第一抽蓄发电单元提供稳定的水头,降低水头变化对水轮发电机叶片的损耗,提高发电效率。
下面结合附图对本发明实施例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统以及储能发电方法进行说明。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种气液两相联合储能发电系统。如图1所示,该气液两相联合储能发电系统包括压缩气体存储单元110、第一气体管道120、液体活塞装置130、液压势能转换单元140以及第一抽蓄发电单元150。压缩气体存储单元110包括相互连通的液体存储空间111和气体存储空间112(液体存储空间111中的液体和气体存储空间112的气体可相互接触)以及与液体存储空间111相连的第一高压液体管道129;气体存储空间112用于存储具有稳定压强的压缩气体并利用该压缩气体储能;液体存储空间111用于存储液体;第一高压液体管道129通过对液体存储空间111输入或输出液体来维持压缩气体的压强。第一气体管道120用于在储能时输送待压缩气体(例如,第一气体管道可与待压缩气体源相连)以及发电时输送膨胀后气体。液体活塞装置130与气体存储空间112、第一气体管道120分别相连。液压势能转换单元140包括第一端口组141和第二端口组142并用于将第一端口组141的液压势能转换为第二端口组142的液压势能以及将第二端口组142的液压势能转换为第一端口组141的液压势能。第一抽蓄发电单元150可用于利用电能抽取液体(例如,水)以将电能转化为液压势能和利用液压势能发电。液体活塞装置130与第一端口组141相连并可向第一端口组141接收和输出液压势能,第一抽蓄发电单元150与第二端口组142相连并可向第二端口组142接收和输出液压势能。需要说明的是,上述液体存储空间和气体存储空间是指液体或气体所占据的空间,另外,上述液体存储空间和气体存储空间的分界线可随着液体的增加、气体的减少或者液体的减少、气体的增加而变化,并非固定的空间。
在本实施例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,该气液两相联合储能发电系统可提供一种新型储能发电系统,在储能时,该气液两相联合储能发电系统可通过第一抽蓄发电单元将电能转换为液压势能(例如,通过抽水的方式)并输送至液压势能转换单元的第二端口组,通过液压势能转换单元将第二端口组的液压势能转为第一端口组的液压势能并转换为液体活塞装置中液体的液 压势能,液体活塞装置中液体可将液体活塞装置中的气体压缩为压缩气体并等压迁移至压缩气体存储单元中,从而将液体活塞装置中液体的液压势能存储在压缩气体中,进而实现将电能存储在压缩气体中。例如,可在电力系统(电网)负荷较小时进行储能。在发电时,该气液两相联合储能发电系统可通过将压缩气体存储单元中的压缩气体等压迁移至液体活塞装置中,压缩气体膨胀做功,从而可将压缩气体存储的能量转化为液体活塞装置中液体的液压势能并输送至第一端口组,此时可通过液压势能转换单元将第一端口组的液压势能转为第二端口组的液压势能并输送至第一抽蓄发电单元进行发电,进而实现将压缩气体中存储的能量转化为电能。该气液两相联合储能发电系统不需要设置燃气轮机,从而可不消耗燃气,可节约成本并且可避免产生环境污染等问题。另外,由于压缩气体存储单元可通过对液体存储空间输入或输出液体来维持压缩气体的压强,例如,当液体存储空间里的压强下降并超过预设的值时,可向该液体存储空间输入液体来提高该液体存储空间里的压强,当液体存储空间里的压强上升并超过预设的值时,可将该液体存储空间中的液体部分排出来降低该液体存储空间里的压强,从而可避免在气体压缩、膨胀时对压缩气体存储单元的损害,延长压缩气体存储单元的寿命。另一方面,由于压缩气体存储单元不用针对因压缩气体膨胀或压缩而导致的压力变化和温度变化而进行设计(存储具有稳定压强的压缩气体),因此可减少压缩气体存储单元的建造成本或制造成本。需要说明的是,上述的等压迁移是指将压缩气体从压缩气体存储单元向液体活塞装置转移并保持压缩气体的压强不变,或者将压缩气体从液体活塞装置向压缩气体存储单元转移并保持压缩气体的压强不变。
值得注意的是,上述的液体活塞装置可以为多个具体的液体活塞部件,例如多个液体活塞部件可通过分级压缩的方式串联,也可采用可变耐压级连的方式进行设置。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图2所示,第一高压液体管道129一端可与液体存储空间111相连,另一端与第二端口组142相连。由于第一抽蓄发电单元150也与第二端口组142相连,第一高压液体管道129同时也与第一抽蓄发电单元150相连。由此,该气液两相联合储能发电系统可在等压迁移时,通过第一抽蓄发电单元150来调整压缩气体存储单元110(通过第一高压液体管道129)的进/出水量,来保证压缩气体存储单元110中存储的压缩气体的稳定压强。另一方面,该气液两相联合储能发电 系统可在发电时通过压缩气体存储单元110的稳定压强来保证第一抽蓄发电单元150的定水头发电,从而提高该气液两相联合储能发电系统的发电效率。例如,在第一抽蓄发电单元包括水轮发电机时,通常的水轮发电机要达到最高的发电效率需要进行定水头发电,并且不断变化(不稳定)的水头会对水轮发电机的叶片产生较大损害,造成发电效率下降;因此,在本实施例提供气液两相联合储能发电系统中,第一高压液体管道同时也与第一抽蓄发电单元相连,也就是说压缩气体存储单元与第一抽蓄发电单元相连,从而可利用压缩气体存储单元的稳定压强来稳定第一抽蓄发电单元发电时的入口水头,从而使第一抽蓄发电单元达到较高的发电效率。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图2所示,液压势能转换单元140还包括转换调节单元143,用于调节液压势能转换单元140的液压势能转换速率。由此,该气液两相联合储能发电系统可在等压迁移时通过转换调节单元来调整压缩气体存储单元的进/出水量,从而来保证压缩气体存储单元110的稳定压强。
需要说明的是,上述的第一抽蓄发电单元来调整压缩气体存储单元(通过第一高压液体管道和液体阀门)的进/出水量来来保证压缩气体存储单元的稳定压强的方式和上述的通过转换调节单元来调整压缩气体存储单元的出水量,从而来保证压缩气体存储单元的稳定压强可单独使用也可配合使用,也就是说,通过同时使用上述的第一抽蓄发电单元和转换调节单元来调节压缩气体存储单元的进出水量。当然,本发明实施例包括但不限于此,还可采用它其他方式来保证压缩气体存储单元的稳定压强。例如,可将第一高压液体管道的另一端与外部水利设备相连,通过外部水利设备利用外部水源来保证压缩气体存储单元的稳定压强;也可将第一高压液体管道的另一端与第一端口组相连,通过第一端口组来保证压缩气体存储单元的稳定压强。
例如,如图2所示,本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统还包括第一液体源170。第一液体源170与第一抽蓄发电单元150和液压势能单元140的第二端口组142分别相连,第一抽蓄发电单元150可抽取第一液体源170中的液体并输送至液压势能单元140的第二端口组142并经液压势能单元140流回第一液体源170,也就是说,第一液体源170、第一抽蓄发电单元150、液压势能转换单元140以及第一液体源170可构成一个液体循环,从而可连续地将电能转换为液压势能并输送至液压势能转换单元140的第二端口组142; 或者,液压势能转换单元140可利用第二端口组142的液压势能抽取第一液体源170中的液体并输送至第一抽蓄发电单元150进行发电并经第一抽蓄发电单元150后流回第一液体源170,也就是说,第一液体源170、液压势能转换单元140、第一抽蓄发电单元150以及第一液体源170可构成一个液体循环,从而可连续地将第二端口组142的液压势能转换为电能。需要说明的是,本发明实施例包括但不限于此,还可采用其他具体方式和设备来实现第二端口组的液压势能和电能之间的相互转换。需要说明的是,上述的液体循环包括封闭循环也包括非封闭循环,例如,在该储能发电系统的发电过程中,气体从压缩气体存储单元迁出,流出第一液体源的水等于流回第一液体源的水加上流入压缩气体存储单元的水。
例如,如图2所示,本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统还包括第二液体源160。第二液体源160与液体活塞装置130和液压势能转换单元140的第一端口组141分别相连并用于接收液体活塞装置130排出的液体以及向液体活塞装置130提供液体,也就是说,第二液体源160、第一端口组141以及液体活塞装置130可构成一个液体循环,可利用第一端口组141的液压势能将第二液体源160中的液体输送至液体活塞装置130,进而实现将第一端口组141的液压势能转为液体活塞装置130中液体的液压势能。另外,第二液体源160还可提供不同温度的液体以对液体活塞装置130内气体压缩膨胀过程进行温度控制,第二液体源160中液体可以为水或油,但不限于此。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图3所示,液压势能转换单元140包括第一液压活塞机构144和第二液压活塞机构145。第一液压活塞机构144包括第一活塞1440,第二液压活塞机构145包括第二活塞1450;第一活塞1440和第二活塞1450通过连杆146相连,并且第一液压活塞机构144包括第一端口组141,第二液压活塞机构145包括第二端口组142。由此,当液体推动第一活塞1440运动时,第一活塞1440可通过连杆146带动第二活塞1450运动,当液体推动第二活塞1450运动时,第二活塞1450可通过连杆146带动第一活塞1440运动,从而该液压势能转换单元140可将第一端口组141的液压势能转换为第二端口组142的液压势能或将第二端口组142的液压势能转换为第一端口组141的液压势能。需要说明的是,第一端口组或第二端口组可包括设置在第一液压活塞机构或第二液压活塞机构两端的端口,从而可通过改变液体进入第一液压活塞机构或第二液压活塞结构的端口 位置,使第一活塞或第二活塞做往复运动,从而使得液压势能转换单元可进行连续地转换。
例如,第一液压活塞机构与第二液压活塞机构可具有不同的横截面积,从而可改变第一端口组和第二端口组的液体流量比。当然,该液压势能转换单元可替换为自适应液压势能转换单元,从而可调节第一端口组和第二端口组的液体流量比,本发明实施例在此不作限制。当然,该液压势能转换单元可包括多个不同截面积的液压缸组成第一液压活塞机构和第二液压活塞机构,从而可调节第一端口组和第二端口组的液体流量比,本发明实施例在此不作限制。
例如,如图3所示,转换调节单元143可包括第一电机1430。第一电机1430可调整第一活塞1440和第二活塞1450的运动速率,平衡液压势能转换单元140的第一端口组141和第二端口组142的液压势能,从而调整第一端口组141或第二端口组142的液体流量。
例如,图4示出了一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的总体结构示意图。如图4所示,该气液两相联合储能发电系统包括:压缩气体存储单元110、第一气体管道120、液体活塞装置130、液压势能转换单元140、第一抽蓄发电单元150、第二液体源160以及第一液体源170。压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112通过压缩气体管道122与液体活塞装置130相连;液体活塞装置130与第一气体管道120相连;液体活塞装置130通过液体管道123与第二液体源160相连;液压势能转换单元140的第一端口组141分别通过液体管道125和液体管道126与液体活塞装置130和第二液体源160连接;液压势能转换单元140的第二端口组142分别通过第一高压液体管道129、液体管道127、128与压缩气体存储单元110的液体存储空间111、第一液体源170相连;第一抽蓄发电单元150分别连接第一高压液体管道129、第二端口组142和第一液体源170。转换调节单元143包括第一电机1430,与连杆146相连,用于控制活塞1450的运动速度。需要说明的是,图4还示出了阀门F1、F2、F10、F11、F12、F13、F14、F15、F16、F17、F18、F19、F20、F24、F30、F35、F36以及设置在液体管道123上的第二电机182。F1设置在第一气体管道120上;F2和F24设置在气体存储空间112和液体活塞装置130之间,压缩气体管道122上;F10设置在第二液体源160和液体活塞装置130之间,液体管道123上;F11设置在第二液体源160和液体活塞装置130之间,液体管道126上;F12、F13、F16以及F17设置在液压势能转换单元140的第二端口组142,F14、F15、F18以 及F19设置在液压势能转换单元140的第一端口组141;F20设置在第二端口组142和液体存储空间111之间,第一高压液体管道129上;F30设置在第一抽蓄发电单元150和液体管道127之间;F35设置在第二端口组142和第一抽蓄发电单元150之间;F36设置在液体管道127上。当然,该气液两相联合储能发电系统中的阀门的数量和位置可根据实际情况进行设置,本发明实施例在此不作限制。
该气液两相联合储能发电系统的储能过程为:打开阀门F1,使液体活塞装置130的液体活塞装置132中充满待压缩气体;所有阀门关闭,假设液压势能转换单元140的活塞先向右运动(也可先向左运动,本发明实施例在此不作限制),打开阀门F9、F11、F12、F15、F17、F18、F20、F30、F35、F39,控制第一电机1430使第二活塞1450并通过连杆146带动第一活塞1440先向右运动,控制第一抽蓄发电单元150利用需要消纳的电能将第一液体源170中液体经液体管道128输送至第二端口组142并且在第一高压液体管道129与第一液体源170的压强差的作用下,推动第二活塞1450并通过连杆146带动第一活塞1440向右运动,同时,通过控制第一电机1430和第一抽蓄发电单元150,使压缩气体存储单元110液体流入量等于流出量,以保证压缩气体存储单元110压强恒定;由于第二活塞1450通过连杆146带动第一活塞1440向右运动,第二液体源160中的液体经阀门F11、液体管道126、阀门F15、F18、F9以及液体管道125注入液体活塞装置130,液体活塞装置130中的液体压缩液体活塞装置130中的气体,气体压缩过程释放的热量被液体活塞装置130中的液体吸收,液体活塞装置130中的气体储存势能;当第二活塞运动到最右端后,关闭阀门F12、F15、F17、F18并打开阀门F13、F14、F16、F19,第一抽蓄发电单元150将第一液体源170中液体经液体管道128输送至第二端口组142并且在第一高压液体管道129与第一液体源170的压强差的作用下,推动第二活塞1450并通过连杆146带动第一活塞1440向左运动,从而继续使液体活塞装置130中的液体压缩液体活塞装置130中的气体;循环上述往复运动(第二活塞1450先向右后向左的运动),直到液体活塞装置130中的气体被压缩到指定压强;打开阀门F2、F24,此时液体活塞装置130和压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112经压缩气体管道122连通;自第二液体源160经液体管道126注入液体活塞装置130的液体将压缩后的压缩气体等压迁移到压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112中,此时可通过调整第一电机1430控制压缩气体 存储单元110的液体存储空间111的出水量和/或调整第一抽蓄发电单元150控制压缩气体存储单元110的液体存储空间111的入水量,使压缩气体存储单元110的液体存储空间111的出水量与压缩气体的进气量和入水量之和相等,从而保证压缩气体存储单元110在等压迁移的过程中,压缩气体的压强保持稳定;气体等压迁移结束后,关闭所有阀门;打开阀门F1、F10,控制第二电机182将液体活塞装置130中的液体排入第二液体源160(当然,也可不设置第二电机182,利用液体活塞装置130和第二液体源160的高度差将液体活塞装置130中的液体排入第二液体源160,本发明实施例在此不作限制),同时通过第一气体管道120和阀门F1将待压缩气体送入并充满整个液体活塞装置130;所有阀门关闭,并重复上述的压缩过程,直到压缩气体存储单元110中存储满气体或需要消纳的电能消耗完毕。
该气液两相联合储能发电系统的发电过程为:液体活塞装置130中充满液体;关闭所有阀门,假设液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第二活塞1450)先向左运动,打开阀门F2、F9、F11、F12、F15、F17、F18、F20、F24、F30、F35、F36,此时压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112与液体活塞装置130通过压缩气体管道122相连;液体活塞装置130中的液体经液体管道125、阀门F9、F18、F15、液体管道126流入第二液体源160,第一液体源170中的液体经液体管道128、液体管道127、阀门F12、阀门F17以及第一高压液体管道129流入压缩气体存储单元110,压缩气体存储单元110中的液体在压缩气体存储单元110与第一液体源170的压强差作用下经第一抽蓄发电单元150发电,此时可通过调整第一电机1430使经第一高压液体管道129注入压缩气体存储单元110的液体的量等于流出压缩气体存储单元110的液体的量与迁出的压缩气体的量之和,从而使压缩气体从压缩气体存储单元110等压迁移到液体活塞装置130中;从压缩气体存储单元110等压迁移出所需的压缩气体后,关闭阀门F2和F24,压缩气体在液体活塞装置130中膨胀并推动液体活塞装置130中的液体,并且压缩气体在膨胀做功时可吸收液体的热量,将压缩气体存储的能量转换为液体活塞装置130中液体的液压势能,液体活塞装置130中的液体经液体管道125、阀门F9、F18、F15、液体管道126流入第二液体源160,第一液体源170中的液体经液体管道128、液体管道127、阀门F12、阀门F17并在压缩气体存储单元110与第一液体源170的压强差作用下经第一抽蓄发电单元150发电,此时可通过调整第一电机1430使经第一高压液体管道129注 入压缩气体存储单元110的液体的量等于流出压缩气体存储单元110的液体的量,以保持压缩气体存储单元110中压强稳定;待液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第二活塞1450)运动到最左端后,关闭阀门F15、F18、F12、F17,打开阀门F19、F14、F16、F13,液体活塞装置130中的液体经液体管道125、阀门F9、F19、F14、液体管道126流入第二液体源160,第一液体源170中的液体经液体管道128、液体管道127、阀门F13、阀门F16并在压缩气体存储单元110与第一液体源170的压强差作用下经第一抽蓄发电单元150发电,此时势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第二活塞1450)向右运动;重复上述液压势能转换单元的活塞的往复运动,直到液体活塞装置130中的压缩气体压强低于某一压强值,或液体活塞装置130中的液体完全排出到第二液体源160中。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相连个储能发电系统中,如图5所示,液压势能转换单元的另一种连接方式为:第一端口组分别连接液体活塞装置130与第一缓冲池210,第二端口组分别连接第一缓冲罐210与第一液体源170,第一抽蓄发电单元150分别连接第一缓冲罐210与第一液体源170。储能时,第一抽蓄发电单元150将第一液体源170内液体抽入第一缓冲罐210,液体在第一缓冲罐210与第一液体源170液压差的作用下从第一缓冲罐210经第二端口组流入第一液体源170,推动液压势能转换单元活塞运动,将第二端口组液压势能转换为第一端口组液压势能,将液体经第一端口组抽入液体活塞装置130中压缩气体,运行过程中通过转换调节单元143/1430、液体活塞装置面积比切换、第一抽蓄发电单元150控制,使得液压势能转换单元活塞平稳运行,同时保证第一缓冲罐210内液体体积不变,从而保证其内气体压强维持恒定。发电时,压缩气体在液体活塞装置130内膨胀将液体经第一端口组排出,推动液压势能转换单元活塞运动,将第一端口组液压势能转换为第二端口组液压势能,从而将第一液体源170内液体经第二端口组抽入第一缓冲罐210中,液体经第一抽蓄发电单元150发电后流入第一液体源170中,运行过程中通过转换调节单元143/1430、液体活塞装置面积比切换、第一抽蓄发电单元150控制,使得液压势能转换单元活塞平稳运行,同时保证第一缓冲罐210内液体体积不变,从而保证其内气体压强维持恒定,使得第一抽蓄发电单元150定水头发电。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图6所示,第二液体源160包括第一控温液体池161、第二控温液体池162以及换热器163。第一控温液体池161与液体活塞装置130相连;第二控温液体池162 与液体活塞装置130和第一控温液体池161分别相连;换热器163设置在第一控温液体池161和第二控温液体池162之间,用于对从第一控温液体池161输送至第二控温液体池162的液体进行换热或从第二控温液体池162输送至第一控温液体池161的液体进行换热,例如,利用太阳能、地热能进行加热。由此,该第二液体源可根据不同的液体交换运行策略而进行运行。需要说明的是,上述的第一控温液体池161和第二控温液体池162可根据需要设置液体驱动装置186(例如,水泵),以驱动液体在第一控温液体池161和第二控温液体池162之间流动;上述的第二控温液体池162和液体活塞装置130之间也可根据需要设置液体驱动装置185(例如,水泵),以驱动液体在第二控温液体池162和液体活塞装置130之间流动;上述的第一控温液体池161和液体活塞装置130之间也可根据需要设置液体驱动装置187(例如,水泵),以驱动液体在第一控温液体池161和液体活塞装置130之间流动,本发明实施例在此不作限制。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图6所示,液体活塞装置130与第一控温液体池161之间的液体驱动装置187还可替换为第三抽蓄发电单元350,用于利用液体活塞装置130中的液体与第一控温液体池161之间的压强差进行发电或从第一控温液体池161向液体活塞装置130输送液体。由此,第三抽蓄发电单元350可利用液体活塞装置130中的液体与第一控温液体池161之间的压强差进行发电,从而可提高该气液两相联合储能发电系统的发电效率。当然,液体活塞装置与第二控温液体池之间的液体驱动装置也可替换为第三抽蓄发电单元以进行发电或从第二控温液体池向液体活塞装置输送液体,本发明实施例在此不作限制。
需要说明的是,上述的液体交换运行策略可包括:1)开放式直供运行模式,在此模式下,第一控温液体池和第二控温液体池可合并并且无需设置换热器;用于工作的液体温度近似不变,第二液体源可采用水量足够大的水体,例如:海洋、水库等。另外,在此模式下,第一液体源可以与第二液体源合并。2)密闭式直供运行模式,第二液体源包括第一控温液体池和第二控温液体池,可不包括换热器。当该气液两相储能发电系统储能时,液体从第一控温液体池(或第二控温液体池)送入液体活塞装置中,气体压缩所产生的热量传递给液体,这部分液体温度身高并被绝热储存在第二控温液体池(或第一控温液体池)中;当该气液两相储能发电系统发电时,这部分液体从第二控温液体池(或第一控温液体池)送入液体活塞装置在气体膨胀过程中提供热量,温度降低,发 电结束后该部分液体又被绝热储存在第一控温液体池(或第二控温液体池);如此反复循环利用。由此,可将该气液两相储能发电系统储能时,气体压缩所产生的热量进行利用,提高该气液两相储能发电系统的发电效率。另外,由于采用了第一控温液体池和第二控温液体池两个水池,液体活塞装置在每次气体压缩和气体膨胀时的工作液体温度相同,从而可保证气体压缩后或膨胀后的温度相同,进一步提高了该气液两相储能发电系统的稳定性。当然,第一控温液体池和第二控温液体池也可合并,本发明实施例在此不作限制。3)余热利用模式,在此模式下,第二液体源可包括第一控温液体池和第二控温液体池以及换热器,并且第一控温液体池和第二控温液体池存储两种温度不同的液体。在该气液两相联合储能发电系统储能时,将温度较高的第一控温液体池(或第二控温液体池)中的液体送入液体活塞装置中,气体压缩所产生的热量传递给液体,使液体温度进一步升高,利用这部分液体通过换热器实现供热供暖或发电(例如,第一控温液体池的高温液体流经换热器换热以实现供热供暖或发电后流入第二控温液体池并成为低温液体);在该气液两相储能发电系统发电时,从温度较低的第二控温液体池(或第一控温液体池)中的液体送入液体活塞装置中,压缩气体膨胀从液体中吸热,在此过程中气体和液体温度都会降低,从可通过换热器实现制冷;由此,该气液两相联合储能发电系统储能时还可实现低品质热量的利用。4)高效发电模式,在此模式下,第二液体源可包括第一控温液体池和第二控温液体池。在该气液两相储能发电系统储能时,将温度较低的第二控温液体池(或第一控温液体池)中的低温液体送入液体活塞装置中,气体压缩时产生的热量被低温液体吸收,使气体温度和气体压强降低,可减少气体压缩所用的能量;在该气液两相储能发电系统发电时,可将温度较高的第一控温液体池(或第二控温液体池)中的高温液体被送入液体活塞装置中,气体吸收高温液体的热量,使气体温度和气体压强升高,以实现更高的能量输出。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,第一抽蓄发电单元还包括多个串联设置的水轮发电机组,并且相邻的两个水轮发电机组之间还设置有水头稳定池。例如,如图7所示,第一抽蓄发电单元150包括依次设置的第一水轮发电机组151、第二水轮发电机组152以及第三水轮发电机组153;第一水轮发电机组151和第二水轮发电机组152之间设置第一水头稳定池191,第二水轮发电机组151和第三水轮发电机组152之间设置第二水头稳定池192。第一水轮发电电阻151承受的水头为第一高压液体管道与第一水 头稳定池间液体压强之差,第一高压液体管道内液体压强最高为压缩气体存储单元中压缩气体的压强;第二水轮发电机组151和第三水轮发电机组152承受的水头分别为第一水头稳定池191与第二水头稳定池192、第二水头稳定池192与低压水池170间施加的稳定压强。由此,一方面可通过串联设置多个水轮发电机组提高该气液两相联合储能发电系统的发电效率和发电效率,另一方面通过在相邻的两个水轮发电机组之间还设置有水头调节池可保证各水轮发电机组的稳定高效运行。当然,第一抽蓄发电单元可包括多个串联设置的水轮发电机组并且多个水轮发电机组并联设置,本发明实施例在此不作限制。例如,如图8所示,第一抽蓄发电单元150包括并联设置的第一水轮发电机组151、第二水轮发电机组152以及第三水轮发电机组153。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图9所示,抽蓄发电单元150可包括:水轮发电机组154、压强转换单元155以及稳水头池156。压强转换单元155设置在水轮发电机组154进水的一侧(第二端口组和水轮发电机组之间);稳水头池156设置在水轮发电机组154和压强转换单元155之间。由此,压强转换单元155将输入到抽蓄发电单元150的压强的大小进行转换,例如,如果输入到抽蓄发电单元150的压强过大,超过了水轮发电机组154的负载,可通过压强转换单元155可将输入到抽蓄发电单元150的压强转为为较小的压强并输出至水轮发电机组154进行发电。设置在水轮发电机组154和压强转换单元155可保证压强转换单元155输出的压强保持稳定,从而保证水轮发电机组154定水头发电。需要说明的是,上述的压强转换单元可采用与液压势能转换单元相似的结构,利用第一液压活塞机构与第二液压活塞机构所具有的不同的横截面积,从而将输入到抽蓄发电单元的压强转为为较小或较大的压强并输出至水轮发电机组。其具体的结构可参见相关描述,本发明实施例在此不再赘述。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图10所示,液体活塞装置130包括:压力容器133、至少一个板片134、液体分布器135、液体循环管道136、循环电机137以及填料139。至少一个板片134设置在压力容器133的下部;填料139设置在板片134上方;液体分布器135设置在压力容器133的上部且位于填料139上;液体循环管道136连接压力容器133的顶部和底部;循环电机137设置在液体循环管道136上并通过液体循环管道136将压力容器133底部的液体输送至压力容器133的顶部。由此,该 液体活塞装置130可通过至少一个板片134、填料139、液体分布器135、液体循环管道136以及循环电机137增加压力容器133中液体与气体的接触面积(也即,液体活塞装置与液体活塞装置的接触面积)和提高压力容器133中液体与气体热交换速率。需要说明的是,压力容器可采用锅炉、化工塔、地下耐压洞穴等。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图10所示,压缩气体管道122连接在压力容器133的顶部,用于输入或输出压缩气体,第一气体管道120连接在压力容器133的顶部,用于输入或输出待压缩气体,液体管道124连接在压力容器133的底部,用于输入或输出液体。另外,该气液两相联合储能发电系统还包括阀门F1、F2、F46以及F47。阀门F1设置在第一气体管道120上,阀门F2设置在压缩气体管道122上,阀门F47设置在液体循环管道136上,阀门46设置在液体管道124上。
气体在液体活塞装置130中的压缩过程为:初始状态压力容器133中充满液体,所有阀门均关闭;打开阀门F1、F46,从第一气体管道120送入待压缩气体,将压力容器133内的液体通过液体管道124和阀门F46排出;关闭F1,通过液体管道124向压力容器133输送液体以压缩压力容器133中的气体;同时,打开阀门F47,通过循环电机137将压力容器133底部的部分液体抽到顶部,该液体经液体分布器135后从压力容器133顶部均匀流下,与压力容器133中的气体直接对撞进行热交换,并且液体在通过填料139时,在填料139间形成液膜,增大了气液接触面积;板片134减缓了气体上升、液体流下的速率,板片134上流下的液体在板片134上形成有一定高度的液层;压缩结束后,关闭阀门F46、F47,打开F2,将压缩气体送入压缩气体管道122。由此,该液体活塞装置可增加压力容器133中液体与气体的接触面积(也即,液体活塞装置与液体活塞装置的接触面积)和提高压力容器133中液体与气体热交换速率。另外,板片上还可设置筛孔,当气体体积减小的过程中,气体穿过板片上的筛孔与液层进行充分热交换,从而可进一步提高提高压力容器133中液体与气体热交换速率。
气体在液体活塞装置130中的膨胀过程为:初始状态压力容器133中充满液体,所有阀门关闭,打开阀门F2、F46,从压缩气体管道122向压力容器133中送入压缩气体,送入一定气体后关闭阀门F2;气体在压力容器133中膨胀,从而推动压力容器133中的液体以对外做功;在气体膨胀的同时,通过循环电 机137将压力容器133底部的部分液体抽到顶部,该液体经液体分布器135后从压力容器133顶部均匀流下,从而对气体进行控温,使得气体等温膨胀,从而提高该压缩气体的发电效率;另外,经液体分布器135后从压力容器133顶部均匀流下的液体与压力容器133中的气体直接对撞进行热交换,并且液体在通过填料139时,在填料139间形成液膜,增大了气液接触面积,从而提高了热交换速率;板片134减缓了气体上升、液体流下的速率,板片134上流下的液体在板片134上形成一定高度的液层,进一步增加热交换速率;气体膨胀过程结束后,打开阀门F1,通过液体管道124向压力容器133中注入液体将气体送出到第一气体管道120。
在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,液体活塞装置的进气管道与出气管道可单独配置,例如,单独配置出气管道连接液体活塞装置与压缩气体存储单元上部,单独配置进气管道连接液体活塞底部与压缩气体存储单元上部,则在压缩气体膨胀过程中,从压缩气体存储单元迁出的压缩气体从液体活塞底部送入,气体上升过程与液体进行充分的热交换,提高热交换速率,从而提高发电效率。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图11所示,压缩气体存储单元110包括外罐113和设置在外罐113内部的内罐114。外罐113包括第一罐体1130以及设置在第一罐体1130上的第一阀门1131;内罐114,包括第二罐体1140以及设置在第二罐体1140上的第二阀门1141;内罐114的底部具有开口1142,第一阀门1131用于输入或输出液体,第二阀门1141用于输入或输出气体。由此,该压缩气体存储单元可将储气的气体存储空间与储液的液体存储空间分布在不同的罐(即外罐和内罐)中,从而可避免水气同时与外罐接触,避免水气混合对外罐的腐蚀,同时可降低外罐材料抗氧化性要求,另外,由于内罐内外压强相等,可降低对内罐材料抗压性能的要求,降低制造成本。例如,外罐可采用钢材制作或建造,而内罐采用塑料或玻璃等材料制成。当然,压缩气体存储单元还可采用气体结构或对现有的天然洞穴进行改造,本发明实施例在此不作限制。
例如,如图11所示,外罐或内罐的形状可以为圆柱形。如图12所示,外罐或内罐的形状可以为球形。本发明实施例在此不作限制。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图13所示,压缩气体存储单元110包括:外罐113以及设置在外罐113的内部的内 罐114。外罐113第一罐体1130以及设置在第一罐体1130上的第一阀门1131;内罐114包括第二罐体1140、伸入第二罐体1140内部的液体管道1143以及设置在液体管道1143上的第二阀门1141;内罐114的顶部具有开口1145,第二阀门1141用于输入或输出液体,第一阀门1131用于输入或输出气体。由此,该压缩气体存储单元可将储气的气体存储空间与储液的液体存储空间分布在不同的罐(即外罐和内罐)中。该压缩气体存储单元可利用用水将可溶性盐层中的盐洗出所形成的洞穴,由于洞穴穴壁不能接触水,通过设置上述的双层罐体(内罐和外罐),将用于稳定气压的液体限制于内罐中,防止液体与岩体接触溶解地下岩层中的水溶盐后进入系统中,从而提高系统运行安全性和可靠性。
实施例二
在实施例一的基础上,本实施例提供一种气液两相联合储能发电系统,与实施例一不同的是,如图14所示,该气液两相联合储能发电系统还包括:第一缓冲罐210、第二高压液体管道229以及第二气体管道220。第一缓冲罐210与第一抽蓄发电单元150具有第一高度差H且包括第一液体空间211和第一气体空间212,第二高压液体管道229用于存储或运输高压液体,且一端与第一液体空间211相连,另一端与第二端口组142相连;第二气体管道220用于存储或运输压缩气体,且一端与第一气体空间212相连,另一端与气体存储空间112相连。由此,由于压缩气体存储单元110内压强稳定,通过第二气体管道220相连的第一缓冲罐210的压强也稳定,通过设置第一缓冲罐210相对于第一抽蓄发电单元150的高度,即,第一高度差H的值可调节第二端口组142的压强,从而可在第一抽蓄发电单元150发电时提供新的液体压强,第二端口组142的压强为压缩气体存储单元内气体压强与高度为H的液体产生的液体压强之差。需要说明的是,压缩气体存储单元可根据实际的环境以及装机容量进行设计,其压强可能与第一抽蓄发电单元所要求的水头不匹配,通过设置上述的第一缓冲罐、第二高压液体管道以及第二气体管道可调节第二端口组的液体压强,以匹配第一抽蓄发电单元发电时所要求的水头。需要说明的是,第一缓冲罐可采用与压缩气体存储单元相似的结构,具体可参见实施例一中的相关描述,本发明实施例在此不再赘述。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图14所示,该气液两相联合储能发电系统还包括第二抽蓄发电单元250。第二抽蓄 发电单元250与液体活塞装置130和压缩气体存储单元110的液体存储空间111分别相连。例如,第二抽蓄发电单元250通过第一高压液体管道129与液体存储空间111相连。第二抽蓄发电单元250通过第三高压液体管道329与液体活塞装置130相连。由此,可通过第二抽蓄发电单元250进行压缩气体存储单元110与液体活塞装置130之间的气体等压迁移过程。并且,在压缩气体从压缩气体存储单元110向液体活塞装置130等压迁移的过程中还可利用液体活塞装置130中的液体与压缩气体存储单元110中液体存储空间111中的液体的高度差进行发电。需要说明的是,第二抽蓄发电单元可采用与第一抽蓄发电单元相似的结构,具体可参见实施例一中的相关描述,本发明实施例在此不再赘述。当然,该气液两相联合储能发电系统还可通过其他方式进行等压迁移,例如通过如实施例一中所描述的利用第一高压液体管道与第二端口组相连,此时,该气液两相联合储能发电系统可优先使用第二抽蓄发电单元进行等压迁移。本发明实施例在此不作限制。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图14所示,该气液两相联合储能发电系统还包括阀门F7、F23、F41、F42、F44和F45。阀门F7设置在液体活塞装置131和第二抽蓄发电单元250之间,第三高压液体管道329上;阀门F23设置在液体存储空间111和第二抽蓄发电单元250之间,第一高压液体管道129上;阀门41设置在气体存储空间112和第一气体空间212之间,第二气体管道220上;阀门42设置在第一液体空间211和第二端口组142之间,第二高压液体管道229上;阀门44设置在液体管道126和第一端口组141之间;阀门F45设置在阀门F14和阀门F13之间;另外,阀门F20也设置在第一液体空间211和第二端口组142之间,第二高压液体管道229上。需要说明的是,本实施例中的其他部件的位置和相对关系可参见实施例一中的相关描述,在此不再赘述。
本实施例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统的储能过程为:打开阀门F1,使液体活塞装置130中的液体活塞装置132充满待压缩气体;关闭所有阀门;假设液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)先向右运动(也可先向左运动,本发明实施例在此不作限制),打开阀门F9、F11、F12、F15、F17、F18、F20、F30、F35、F36、F41、F42、F45,控制第一抽蓄发电单元150利用需要消纳的电能将第一液体源170中的液体经液体管道128输送到第二端口组142并且在第二高压液体管道229与第一液体源170 的压强差的作用下,推动第二活塞1450并通过连杆146带动第一活塞1440向右运动,同时,通过控制第一电机1430和第一抽蓄发电单元150,使得第一缓冲罐210中液体的流入量等于流出量,也就是说,第一缓冲罐210的液体净流入量为零,其内的压强保持不变,从而可保证压缩气体存储单元110内的压强保持不变;由于第二活塞1450通过连杆146带动第一活塞1440向右运动,第一液体源170中的液体经液体管道128、阀门F36、液体管道127、阀门F45、阀门F15、阀门F18、阀门F9后注入液体活塞装置130,液体活塞装置130中的液体压缩液体活塞装置130中的气体,气体压缩过程释放的热量被液体活塞装置130中的液体吸收,液体活塞装置130中的气体存储势能;当第二活塞1450运动到最右端后,关闭阀门F12、F15、F17、F18并打开阀门F13、F14、F16、F19,第一抽蓄发电单元150继续将第一液体源170中的液体经液体管道128输送到第二端口组142并且在第二高压液体管道229与第一液体源170的压强差的作用下,推动第二活塞1450并通过连杆146带动第一活塞1440向左运动,从而继续使液体活塞装置130中的液体压缩液体活塞装置130中的气体;循环上述往复运动(第二活塞1450先向右后向左的运动),直到液体活塞装置130中的气体被压缩到指定压强(例如,压缩气体存储单元110存储的压缩气体的压强);关闭所有阀门,打开阀门F2、F7、F23和F24,此时,液体活塞装置130的液体活塞装置130和压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112经压缩气体管道122连通;第二抽蓄发电单元250将压缩气体存储单元110的液体存储空间111中的液体抽入液体活塞装置130中,从而将液体活塞装置130的液体活塞装置130中的压缩气体送入压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112中,并且第二抽蓄发电单元250从液体存储空间111抽出的液体量等于送入气体存储空间112的气体量,从而保证压缩气体存储单元的压强稳定;液体活塞装置130中的压缩气体等压迁移结束后,关闭所有阀门,打开阀门F1、F10,控制第二电机182将液体活塞装置130中的液体排入第二液体源160,同时,待压缩气体通过第一气体管道120送入并充满整个液体活塞装置130。
本实施例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统的发电过程为:液体活塞装置130中充满液体;关闭所有阀门,打开阀门F2、F7、F23和F24,此时,液体活塞装置130和压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112经压缩气体管道122连通;控制第二抽蓄发电单元250将液体活塞装置130中的液体送入液体存储空间111中,并且控制第二抽蓄发电单元250送入液体存储空间111的液体量 等于移出气体存储空间112的气体量,从而将气体存储空间112存储的压缩气体等压迁移到液体活塞装置130中并维持压缩气体存储单元110的压强恒定;若液体活塞装置130与压缩气体存储单元110存在高度差,则第二抽蓄发电单元250还可利用二者的高度差发电;当从压缩气体存储单元110等压迁移出所需的压缩气体后,关闭阀门F2、F7、F23和F24,打开阀门F9、F12、F15、F17、F18、F20、F30、F35、F36、F41、F42和F45,假设液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)先向左运动,压缩气体在液体活塞装置130中膨胀并推动液体活塞装置130中的液体,并且压缩气体在膨胀做功时可吸收液体的热量,将压缩气体存储的能量转换为液体活塞装置130中液体的液压势能,液体活塞装置130的液体活塞装置130中的液体经阀门F9、F18、F15、液体管道127流入第一液体源170,第一液体源170中液体经液体管道128、127、阀门F12、F17并在第一缓冲罐210与第一液体源170压强差作用下经第一抽蓄发电单元150发电,此时可通过调整第一电机1430使经第二高压液体管道229注入第一缓冲罐210的液体量等于经第二高压液体管道229流出第一缓冲罐210的液体量;待液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)运动到最左端后,关闭阀门F15、F18、F12、F17,打开阀门F19、F14、F16和F13,液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)向右运动,重复上述液压势能转换单元140的活塞的往复运动,直到液体活塞装置130中的压缩气体压强低于某一压强值,或液体活塞装置130中的液体完全排出到第一液体源170。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,第一液体源170和第二液体源160可集成为一体。
需要说明的是,第一缓冲罐与压缩气体存储单元的连接方式还可有以下几种方式:1)第一缓冲罐经过压缩机与膨胀机与压缩气体存储单元存储气体空间相连;2)第一缓冲罐经活塞式气缸与压缩气体存储单元存储气体空间。当然,第一缓冲罐与压缩气体存储单元的连接方式有多种,不限于上述几种方式。
实施例三
在实施例一的基础上,本实施例提供一种气液两相联合储能发电系统,如图15所示,液体活塞装置130包括第一子液体活塞装置1301和第二子液体活塞装置1302;第一子液体活塞装置1301和第二子液体活塞装置1302分别连接第一气体管道120和压缩气体存储单元110;第一子液体活塞装置1301分别连 接第一端口组141和第二液体源160,第二子液体活塞装置1302连接第一端口组141。由此,第一子液体活塞装置1301和第二子液体活塞装置1302可通过第一端口组141相连,从而可使得液体在第一子液体活塞装置1301和第二子液体活塞装置1302之间反复流动并分别压缩第一子液体活塞装置1301和第二子液体活塞装置1302中的气体。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图15所示,该气液两相联合储能发电系统还包括阀门F3、F4、F8。阀门F1设置在第一气体管道120和第一子液体活塞装置1301之间;阀门F3设置在第一气体管道120与第二子液体活塞装置1302之间;阀门F2设置在压缩气体管道122和第一子液体活塞装置1301之间;阀门F4设置在压缩气体管道122和第二子液体活塞装置1302之间。另外,液体管道125与第二子液体活塞装置1302相连,液体管道124与第一子液体活塞装置1301相连。本实施例的其他部件的位置和相对关系可参见实施例一中的相关描述。
本实施例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统的储能过程为:在第一子液体活塞装置1301中预置气体,在第二子液体活塞装置1302中充满液体;关闭所有阀门,打开阀门F3、F8、F9、F12、F14、F17、F19、F20、F30、F35,此时,第二子液体活塞装置1302与第一气体管道120相连通,假设液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)先向右运动,第一抽蓄发电单元150消耗电能将第一液体源170中的液体经液体管道128输送至第二端口组142并且在第一高压液体管道129与第一液体源170的压强差的作用下,推动第二活塞1450并通过连杆146带动第一活塞1440向右运动,同时,通过控制第一电机1430和第一抽蓄发电单元150,使压缩气体存储单元110液体流入量等于流出量,以保证压缩气体存储单元110压强恒定;由于第二活塞1450通过连杆146带动第一活塞1440向右运动,使第二子液体活塞装置1302中的液体经液体管道125、阀门F9、阀门F19、阀门F14、液体管道124注入第一子液体活塞装置1301,第一子液体活塞装置1301中的液体压缩第一子液体活塞装置1301中的气体,气体压缩过程释放热量被液体吸收,气体储存势能,液体储存热能;当液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)运行到最右端后,关闭阀门F12、F14、F17、F19,打开阀门F13、F16、F15、F18,此时液压势能转换单元140的活塞向左运动,从而继续对第一子液体活塞装置1301中的气体进行压缩;液压势能转换单元140 的活塞进行往复运动,直到第一子液体活塞装置1321中的压缩气体压强与压缩气体存储单元110内气体压强一致时,打开阀门F2、F24,第一子液体活塞装置1301和压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112经压缩气体管道122连通,第二子液体活塞装置1302中的液体经液体管道125、阀门F9、阀门F19、阀门F14、液体管道124注入第一子液体活塞装置1301,从而将第一子液体活塞装置1301中的压缩气体等压迁移到压缩气体存储单元110中,此时通过调整第一电机1430控制压缩气体存储单元110出水量并通过调整抽蓄发电单元150控制压缩气体存储单元110入水量,使压缩气体存储单元110出水量与进气量和入水量之和相等,从而保证压缩气体存储单元110内的压强保持稳定;待第一子液体活塞装置1301中的压缩气体等压迁移结束后,第一子液体活塞装置1301中充满液体,第二子液体活塞装置1302中充满待压缩气体;关闭所有阀门,打开阀门F1、F8、F9、F12、F14、F17、F19、F20、F30、F35,并使液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)先向左运动,然后关闭阀门F12、F15、F17、F19,打开阀门F13、F16、F15、F18,使液压势能转换单元140的活塞向右运动,重复上述过程将第一子液体活塞内的液体抽入第二子液体活塞装置中对气体进行压缩。当第一子液体活塞装置1301中的液体达到一定温度后,该液体可通过液体管道123和双向水泵183与第二液体源160进行热量交换。需要说明的是,在上述的储能过程中,第一子液体活塞装置和第二子液体活塞装置可交替地对气体进行压缩,减少了在液体活塞装置(第一子液体活塞装置或第二子液体活塞装置)排空液体以及充满待压缩气体的时间,例如,当第一子液体活塞装置完成气体压缩和等压迁移过程后,可立即对第二子液体活塞装置内的气体进行压缩,从而提高了该气液两相联合储能发电系统的储能效率。另外,液体可在第一子液体活塞装置和第二子液体活塞装置之间不断压缩气体,吸收热量,温度逐渐升高,从而可提升液体的能量品质(高温),从而可被二次利用,例如发电或供暖,进而提高该气液两相联合储能发电系统的发电效率。
本实施例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统的发电过程为:使第一子液体活塞装置1301中充满液体,关闭所有阀门,打开阀门F2、F3、F8、F9、F13、F15、F16、F18、F20、F24、F30、F35,此时,第一子液体活塞装置1301与压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112经压缩气体管道122连通,第二子液体活塞装置1302与第第一气体管道120相连;假设液压势能转换单元140 的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)先向右运动,第一子液体活塞装置1301中的液体经液体管道124、阀门F8、F15、F18、F9、液体管道125流入第二子液体活塞装置1302,第一液体源170中的液体经液体管道128、液体管道127、阀门F13、阀门F16以及第一高压液体管道129流入压缩气体存储单元110,压缩气体存储单元110中的液体在压缩气体存储单元110与第一液体源170的压强差作用下经第一抽蓄发电单元150发电,此时可通过调整第一电机1430使经第一高压液体管道129注入压缩气体存储单元110的液体的量等于流出压缩气体存储单元110的液体的量与迁出的压缩气体的量之和,从而使压缩气体从压缩气体存储单元110等压迁移到第一子液体活塞装置1301中;从压缩气体存储单元110等压迁移出所需的压缩气体后,关闭阀门F2和F24,压缩气体在第一子液体活塞装置1301中膨胀并推动第一子液体活塞装置1301中的液体,并且压缩气体在膨胀做功时可吸收液体的热量,将压缩气体存储的能量转换为第一子液体活塞装置1301中液体的液压势能,第一子液体活塞装置1301中的液体经液体管道124、阀门F8、F15、F18、液体管道125流入第二子液体活塞装置1302,第一液体源170中的液体经液体管道128、液体管道127、阀门F13、阀门F16并在压缩气体存储单元110与第一液体源170的压强差作用下经第一抽蓄发电单元150发电,此时可通过调整第一电机1430使经第一高压液体管道129注入压缩气体存储单元110的液体的量等于流出压缩气体存储单元110的液体的量,以保持压缩气体存储单元110中压强稳定;待液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)运动到最右端后,关闭阀门F15、F18、F13、F16,打开阀门F14、F19、F12、F17,第一子液体活塞装置1301中的液体经液体管道124、阀门F8、F14、F19、液体管道125继续流入第二子液体活塞装置1302,第一液体源170中的液体经液体管道128、液体管道127、阀门F12、阀门F17并在压缩气体存储单元110与第一液体源170的压强差作用下经第一抽蓄发电单元150发电,此时势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)向左运动;重复上述液压势能转换单元的活塞的往复运动,直到第一子液体活塞装置1301中的压缩气体压强低于某一压强值,或第一子液体活塞装置1301中的液体完全转移到第二子液体活塞装置1302中;此时第二子液体活塞装置1302中充满液体,关闭所有阀门,打开阀门F1、F4、F8、F9、F12、F15、F17、F18、F20、F30、F35,此时,第二子液体活塞装置1302与压缩气体存储单元110的气体 存储空间112经压缩气体管道122连通,第一子液体活塞装置1301与第一气体管道120相连,液压势能转换单元140的活塞向左运动,先使气体存储空间112内的压缩气体等压迁移至第二子液体活塞装置1302并在第二子液体活塞装置1302中膨胀做功以进行发电;然后关闭阀门F12、F15、F17、F18,打开阀门F13、F16、F14、F19,液压势能转换单元140的活塞向左运动,继续使气体存储空间112内的压缩气体在第二子液体活塞装置1302中膨胀做功以进行发电;重复上述液压势能转换单元的活塞的往复运动,直到第二子液体活塞装置1302中的压缩气体压强低于某一压强值,或第二子液体活塞装置1302中的液体完全转移到第一子液体活塞装置1301中。需要说明的是,上述压缩气体在第二子液体活塞装置发电的具体过程可参见压缩气体在第一子液体活塞装置发电的具体过程,在此不再赘述。由此,在上述的发电过程中,压缩气体可在第一子液体活塞装置和第二子液体活塞装置可交替地膨胀做功并同时向第一子液体活塞装置和第二子液体活塞装置充满液体,减少了在液体活塞装置(第一子液体活塞装置或第二子液体活塞装置)充满液体的时间,从而提高了该气液两相联合储能发电系统的发电效率。
实施例四
在实施例一的基础上,本实施例提供一种气液两相联合储能发电系统,如图16所示,液体活塞装置可包括多个子液体活塞装置,子液体活塞装置分别连接第一气体管道和压缩气体存储单元,子液体活塞装置分别连接第一端口组和第二液体源。也就是说多个子液体活塞装置并联。
例如,如图16所示,液体活塞装置可包括第一子液体活塞装置1301和第二子液体活塞装置1302。第一子液体活塞装置1301和第二子液体活塞装置1302分别连接第一气体管道120和压缩气体存储单元110;第一子液体活塞装置1301和第二子液体活塞装置1302分别连接第一端口组141和第二液体源160。由此,第一子液体活塞装置1301和第二子液体活塞装置1302可分别独立运行,从而在不增加子液体活塞装置的容量的前提下,提高该气液两相联合储能发电系统的储能和发电的效率。当然,第一子液体活塞装置1301和第二子液体活塞装置1302还可分时运行以连续地进行储能和发电。例如,在储能过程中,当第一子液体活塞装置1301压缩气体或进行等压迁移过程时,第二子液体活塞装置1302向第二液体源160排出液体并同时预置待压缩气体;在发电过程中,当压缩气体在第一子液体活塞装置1301中膨胀做功或进行气体 等压迁移过程时,可从第二液体源160向第二子液体活塞装置1302注入所需温度的液体并排出第二子液体活塞装置1302中的待压缩气体,为下一次从压缩气体存储单元110等压迁移压缩气体做准备。需要说明的是,液体活塞装置还可包括两个以上的子液体活塞装置,本发明实施例在此不作限制。另外,本实施例中的阀门和液体管道可根据实际需要进行设置,本发明实施例在此不再赘述。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统中,如图16所示,第二液体源160与第一液体源170可合并为一体。由此,可减少该气液两相联合储能发电系统的占地面积。
实施例五
在实施例二的基础上,本实施例提供一种气液两相联合储能发电系统,如图17所示,还包括第二缓冲罐230。第二缓冲罐230包括第二液体空间231和第二气体空间232,第二液体空间231经第二抽蓄发电单元250与液体存储空间111相连,经第三电机183与液体活塞装置130相连,第二气体空间232与液体活塞装置130和气体存储空间112分别相连。由此,在该气液两相联合储能发电系统储能时,第二抽蓄发电单元250可消耗电能将压缩气体存储单元110的液体存储空间111中的液体送入第二缓冲罐230中,此时第二缓冲罐230中的压缩气体可转移至压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112中,在此过程中电能转换成水的势能;与此同时,液体活塞装置130中的压缩气体可转移至第二缓冲罐230,通过控制进出第二缓冲罐230的压缩气体流量,第二缓冲罐230中的压缩气体可持续转移至压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112中,从而可使得第二抽蓄发电单元250连续运行。在该气液两相联合储能发电系统发电时,第二抽蓄发电单元250可利用缓冲罐230的液体与压缩气体存储单元110的液体存储空间111中的液体的压强差进行发电,第二缓冲罐230内的液体进入压缩气体存储单元110中,压缩气体存储单元110中的压缩气体转移至第二缓冲罐230,液体活塞装置130的液体活塞装置130内的液体进入第二缓冲罐230,第二缓冲罐230内的压缩气体迁移至液体活塞装置130中膨胀做功。
需要说明的是:本发明实施例对压缩气体存储单元与第二缓冲罐、液体活塞装置间的位置不作任何限定,对第一缓冲罐与第一抽蓄发电单元的位置关系不作任何限定,当压缩气体存储单元与第二缓冲罐或液体活塞间高度差较小 时,第二抽蓄发电单元采用水泵实现即可。
实施例六
在实施例一的基础上,本实施例提供一种气液两相联合储能发电系统,如图18所示,该气液体两相联合储能发电系统包括:气液混合势能转换单元380,具有第三液体端口,381、第四液体端口组382、气体端口组383及控制单元384;以及第三液体源172,被配置为向压缩气体存储单元110输送液体或接收压缩气体存储单元110排出的液体。第三液体端口组381分别与液体存储空间111和第三液体源172相连,第四液体端口组382分别与液体活塞装置130和第二液体源160相连,气体端口组383分别与气体存储空间112与液体活塞装置130相连,控制单元384被配置为控制气液混合势能转换单元380的势能转换速率以平衡第三液体端口组381、第四液体端口组382、以及气体端口组383的势能,以将压缩气体存储单元110与液体活塞装置130内温度与压强不一致的压缩气体在压缩气体存储单元110与液体活塞装置130间等密度转移。需要说明的是,所述等密度迁移是指,压缩气体在液体活塞装置与压缩气体存储单元间转移前后温度与压强的比值不变,即气体密度不变。在压缩气体存储单元与第三液体源的液压差以及液体活塞装置与第二液体源间的液压差作用下推动气液混合势能转换单元连杆运动,第三液体端口组将第三液体源内液体抽入压缩气体存储单元、第四液体端口组将第二液体源中液体送入液体活塞装置从而使压缩气体经过气体端口组从液体活塞装置等密度迁移到压缩气体存储单元中储能;或相反,第一液体缸将压缩气体存储单元内液体抽入第二液体源、第二液体缸将液体活塞装置中液体送入第三液体源从而使压缩气体经过气体缸从压缩气体存储单元等密度迁移到液体活塞装置中发电。
例如,如图18所示,本实施例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统的储能过程为:在液体活塞装置130中预置气体;关闭所有阀门,打开阀门F8、F13、F14、F16、F19、F30、F35、F41、F42、F46、F47、F63,假设液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)先向右运动,第一抽蓄发电单元150消耗电能将第一液体源170中的液体输送至第二端口组并在第二高压液体管道220与第一液体源170的压强差的作用下,推动液压势能转换单元140活塞向右运动,将第二液体源160中的液体经阀门F19、F14、F8注入液体活塞装置130中压缩气体,气体压缩过程释放热量被液体吸收,气体储存势能,液体储存热能,通过控制第一电机1430和第一抽蓄发电单元150, 使第一缓冲池液体流入量等于流出量,以保证压缩气体存储单元110压强恒定;当液压势能转换单元的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)运行到最右端后,关闭阀门F13、F14、F16、F19,打开阀门F12、F15、F17、F18,此时液压势能转换单元140的活塞向左运动,从而继续对液体活塞装置130中的气体进行压缩;液压势能转换单元140的活塞进行往复运动,直到液体活塞装置130中的压缩气体压强与压缩气体存储单元110内气体压强一致时,关闭所有阀门,打开阀门F2、F8、F64、F62、F48、F54、F60、F50、F51、F56、F59,假设气液混合势能转换单元380活塞先向右运动,通过控制单元384控制,压缩气体存储单元110中液体经液体管道222、阀门F56、F50流入第三液体源172,第二液体源160中液体经阀门F60、F54、F64、F8注入液体活塞装置130中,将其内压缩气体经阀门F2、气体管道122、阀门F48、F51、F59、F62送入压缩气体存储单元110中,通过控制单元384控制使压缩气体存储单元110液体流出量与气体送入量体积相等,从而保证压缩气体存储单元110内的压强保持稳定;待液体活塞装置130中的压缩气体等压迁移结束后,重复上述过程。
例如,如图18所示,本实施例提供的气液两相联合储能发电系统的发电过程为:使液体活塞装置130中充满液体,关闭所有阀门,打开阀门F2、F8、F48、F49、F52、F53、F57、F58、F61、F62、F64,此时,液体活塞装置130与压缩气体存储单元110的气体存储空间112经气体管道122、气液混合势能转换单元182气体缸、气体管道320连通;假设液压势能转换单元140的活塞(例如,第一活塞1440或第二活塞1450)先向右运动,气液混合势能转换单元380的活塞先向右运动,控制单元384控制气液混合势能转换单元380将第三液体源172中的液体经阀门F49、F57、液体管道222注入压缩气体存储单元110中,压缩气体存储单元110中压缩气体经气体管道320、阀门F62、F58、F52、气体管道122、阀门F48、F2送入液体活塞装置130中,液体活塞装置130中液体经阀门F8、F64、F53、F61流入第二液体源160中;气液混合势能转换单元380活塞运动到最右端后,关闭阀门F49、F57、F52、F58、F53、F61,打开阀门F50、F56、F51、F59、F54、F60,气液混合势能转换单元380活塞将向左运动,通过调整控制单元384使经液体管道222注入压缩气体存储单元110的液体的量等于迁出的压缩气体的量,从而使压缩气体存储单元110压强保持恒定;从压缩气体存储单元110等密度迁移出所需的压缩气体后,关闭所 有阀门,打开阀门F8、F15、F18、F12、F17、F41、F42、F63、F46、F47、F35、F30,压缩气体存储单元110中压缩气体通过气体管道320、阀门F63、F41给第一缓冲池210提供稳定压强,即为第一抽蓄发电单元150提供稳定水头,压缩气体在液体活塞装置130中膨胀并推动液体活塞装置130中的液体做功,使液压势能转换装置活塞先向右运动,并且压缩气体在膨胀做功时可吸收液体的热量,液体活塞装置130中的液体经液体管道124、阀门F8、F15、F18流入第二液体源160,第一液体源170中的液体经阀门F47、F17、F12、F46、F35流经第一抽蓄发电单元150发电后经阀门F30流回第一液体源170;液压势能转换单元140活塞运动到最右端后,关闭阀门F15、F18、F17、F12,打开阀门F14、F19、F13、F16,液压势能转换单元140活塞将向左运动,继续使压缩气体在液体活塞装置130中膨胀做功发电;重复上述液压势能转换单元的活塞的往复运动,直到液体活塞装置130中的压缩气体压强低于某一压强值,或第一子液体活塞装置130中的液体完全转移到第二液体源160中。
需要说明的是,在上述的储能过程中,液体活塞装置130中压缩气体压强为P1、温度为T1,压缩气体存储单元110中气体压强为P2、温度为T2,P1与P2不一定相等,T1与T2不一定相等,储能过程中进行气体迁移时,压强为P1、温度为T1的压缩气体经气液混合势能转换单元380气体缸作用后压强变为P2、温度变为T2后迁移到压缩气体存储单元110中,P1、T1、P2、T2满足P1/T1=P2/T2,即压缩气体进行等密度迁移;发电过程中进行气体迁移时,压强为P2温度为T2的压缩气体经气液混合势能转换单元380气体缸作用后压强变为P1、温度变为T1后迁移到液体活塞装置中。
系统运行可分为三个过程:过程一,第一抽蓄发电单元利用液压势能装换装置第一端口组的液压势能储能与发电过程;过程二,气体在液体活塞装置中压缩膨胀过程;过程三,压缩气体在液体活塞装置与压缩气体存储单元间迁移过程。上述三个过程可分别采用不同的液体源,例如,过程一,由于压缩气体存储单元通常采用地下工程,体积大,对液体需求量大,以保证其内存储的液体恒温恒压,同时其对液体品质要求低,故采用普通液体即可;过程二,气体在液体活塞装置中进行膨胀和压缩,对液体需求量小,但若需要借助液体对气体进行温度控制时,则要求液体具有较高的比热容,因此单独采用第二液体源为该过程提供所需的液体;过程三,第一抽蓄发电单元、液压势能转换单元第一端口组、低压水池构成液体循环通道(只有在压缩气体储气单元与液压势能 转换单元第一端口组不直接相连或者采用额外的设备进行等压迁移时才能构成闭式循环,否则该循环体与压缩气体存储单元是有液体交换的),考虑到液体中杂质对水轮机的损耗,该循环系统可采用无杂质的纯净液体作为工作介质。上述三个过程采用的液体源也可合并。同时气体等密度迁移装置的活塞能起到将压缩气体存储单元110与液体活塞装置130中不同状态的气体相互转化的作用,同时又使压缩气体存储单元110与液体活塞装置130气路上不直接相连,避免压缩气体存储单元110与液体活塞装置130内气体相互影响,使压缩气体存储单元110内气体压强维持恒定。
实施例七
本实施例提供一种气液两相联合储能发电系统的储能发电方法,该气液两相联合储能发电系统包括:压缩气体存储单元、第一气体管道、液体活塞装置、液压势能转换单元以及第一抽蓄发电单元。压缩气体存储单元包括相互连通的液体存储空间、气体存储空间以及与液体存储空间相连的第一高压液体管道;液体活塞装置与气体存储空间、第一气体管道分别相连;液压势能转换单元包括第一端口组和第二端口组;液体活塞装置与第一端口组相连,第一抽蓄发电单元与第二端口组相连。如图19所示,该储能发电方法包括步骤S601-S608。
步骤S601:在储能阶段,使用抽蓄发电单元抽取液体(例如,水)并以将电能转化为液压势能并输出至第二端口组。
例如,可在电力系统(电网)负荷较小时进行储能。
步骤S602:使用液压势能转换单元将第二端口组的液压势能转为第一端口组的液压势能。
步骤S603:利用第一端口组的液压势能将液体送入所述液体活塞装置使待压缩气体压缩为压缩气体。
步骤S604:将液体活塞装置的压缩气体等压迁移至压缩气体存储单元。
例如,通过第一高压液体管道将液体存储空间中的部分液体排出以实现将液体活塞装置的压缩气体等压迁移至压缩气体存储单元。
步骤S605:在发电阶段,将压缩气体存储单元中存储的压缩气体部分等压迁移或等密度迁移至液体活塞装置。
例如,通过第一高压液体管道向液体存储空间输入液体以实现将将压缩气体存储单元中存储的压缩气体等压迁移至液体活塞装置。
步骤S606:利用液体活塞装置的压缩气体膨胀推动液体做功,在第一端口 组形成液压势能。
步骤S607:使用液压势能转换单元将第一端口组的液压势能转为第二端口组的液压势能。
步骤S608:使用抽蓄发电单元利用第二端口组的液压势能进行发电。
在本实施例提供的储能发电方法中,该储能发电方法不需要设置燃气轮机,从而可不消耗燃气,可避免产生环境污染等问题。另外,由于将压缩气体从压缩气体存储单元向液体活塞装置转移以及将压缩气体从控温体液活塞向压缩气体存储单元转移的过程为等压迁移过程,压缩气体存储单元的压强不变,从而可避免在气体压缩、膨胀时对压缩气体存储单元的损害,延长压缩气体存储单元的寿命。另一方面,由于压缩气体存储单元不用针对因压缩气体膨胀或压缩而导致的压力变化和温度变化而进行设计,因此可减少压缩气体存储单元的建造成本或制造成本;同时利用压缩气体存储单元恒压存储的特性为第一抽蓄发电单元提供稳定的水头,降低水头变化对水轮发电机叶片的损耗,提高发电效率。
例如,本实施例一示例提供的储能发电方法还包括:在发电阶段,利用压缩气体存储单元的压强稳定第二端口组的液体压强。由于第一抽蓄发电单元与第二端口组相连,由此,可通过压缩气体存储单元的稳定压强使得第一抽蓄发电单元定水头发电,从而可使得第一抽蓄发电单元达到较高的发电效率。例如,在第一抽蓄发电单元包括水轮机时,通常的水轮机要达到最高的发电效率需要进行定水头发电,而不断变化(不稳定)的水头会对水轮机的叶片产生较大损害,造成发电效率下降;因此,该储能发电方法利用压缩气体存储单元的稳定压强来稳定第一抽蓄发电单元发电时的入口水头,从而使第一抽蓄发电单元达到较高的发电效率。
例如,本实施例一示例提供的储能发电方法还包括:将第一高压液体管道一端与液体存储空间相连,另一端与第二端口组相连,从而可利用压缩气体存储单元的压强稳定第二端口组的液体压强。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的储能发电方法中,气液两相联合储能发电系统还包括第一缓冲罐,与所述第一抽蓄发电单元具有第一高度差且包括第一液体空间和第一气体空间、第二高压液体管道以及第二气体管道;该储能发电方法还包括:将第二气体管道一端与第一气体空间相连,另一端与气体存储空间相连,将第二高压液体管道一端与第一液体空间相连,另一端与第二端口组 相连,从而通过第一缓冲罐来实现利用压缩气体存储单元的压强稳定第二端口组的液体压强。另外,可通过设置第一缓冲罐相对于压缩气体存储单元的高度,即,第一高度差的值可调节第二端口组的压强,从而可在第一抽蓄发电单元发电时提供新的液体压强。需要说明的是,由于压缩气体存储单元可根据实际的环境以及装机容量进行设计,其压强可能与第一抽蓄发电单元所要求的水头不匹配,通过设置上述的第一缓冲罐、第二高压液体管道以及第二气体管道可调节第二端口组的液体压强,以匹配第一抽蓄发电单元发电时所要求的水头。
例如,本实施例一示例提供的储能发电方法还包括:使用第一抽蓄发电单元控制单位时间内流入/流出第一高压液体管道或第一缓冲罐的液体流量,以使压缩气体存储单元内部的压强保持稳定。例如,在压缩气体时,可通过使用抽蓄发电单元使第一高压液体管道或第一缓冲罐的液体流入量等于液体流出量,从而使压缩气体存储单元内部的压强保持稳定;在向压缩气体存储单元等压迁移压缩气体时,可通过使用抽蓄发电单元使第一高压液体管道或第一缓冲罐的液体流出量等于液体流入量与迁入的压缩气体的量之和,从而使压缩气体存储单元内部的压强保持稳定;在从压缩气体存储单元迁出压缩气体时,可通过使用抽蓄发电单元使第一高压液体管道或第一缓冲罐的液体流入量等于液体流出量与迁出的压缩气体的量之和,从而使压缩气体存储单元内部的压强保持稳定。需要说明的是,上述的液体的量与压缩气体的量可为液体和压缩气体所占的体积。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的储能发电方法中,液压势能转换单元包括转换调节单元,该储能发电方法包括:使用转换调节单元控制单位时间内流入/流出第一高压液体管道或第一缓冲罐的液体流量,以使压缩气体存储单元内部的压强保持稳定。需要说明的是,上述的使用第一抽蓄发电单元控制单位时间内流入/流出第一高压液体管道或第一缓冲罐的液体流量的方式与使用转换调节单元控制单位时间内流入/流出第一高压液体管道或第一缓冲罐的液体流量的方式可单独使用也可配合使用,本发明实施例在此不作限制。
例如,本实施例一示例提供的储能发电方法中,第二液体源可以为开放式液体源,即其存储的液体源多于需要,液体温度保持环境温度不变;第二液体源、液体活塞装置也可采用保温绝热材料处理,第二液体源中液体被用于液体活塞装置中进行气体的压缩膨胀过程,与气体进行热量交换,并绝热存储气体压缩膨胀过程中的热能或冷能。
例如,本实施例一示例提供的储能发电方法还包括:在储能阶段,利用第一端口的液压势能对液体活塞装置内的气体进行压缩时,向液体活塞装置提供具有第一温度的液体;以及在发电阶段,在将液体活塞装置的压缩气体等压迁移至压缩气体存储单元之前,向液体活塞装置提供具有第二温度的液体,第二温度大于第一温度。由此,具有第一温度的液体可将气体压缩时产生的热量吸收,使气体温度和气体压强降低,可减少气体压缩所用的能量;具有第二温度的液体可在气体膨胀做功时提供热量,使气体温度和气体压强升高,以实现更高的能量输出,进而可提高该储能发电方法的发电效率。
例如,本实施例一示例提供的储能发电方法还包括:在储能阶段,利用第一端口的液压势能对液体活塞装置内的气体进行压缩时,向液体活塞装置提供具有第三温度的液体,第二液体源中液体被循环反复送入液体活塞装置中参与气体压缩过程,吸收气体压缩产生的热量,最终第二液体源中液体转变为具有第四温度的液体,第二液体源对该液体进行绝热存储;在发电阶段,在将液体活塞装置的压缩气体等压迁移至压缩气体存储单元之前,向液体活塞装置提供上述存储于第二液体源中的液体;在压缩气体膨胀并提高液体活塞装置的液压势能并输出至第一端口组时,压缩气体膨胀吸收液体热量,液体温度降低,该液体从液体活塞装置排出并存储。由此,可将气体压缩时产生热量存储起来并在气体膨胀做功时进行利用,一方面可减少能量的浪费,提高该储能发电方法的发电效率,另一方面可使该储能发电方法可反复循环使用第二液体源中液体,减少对水资源的使用。
例如,本实施例一示例提供的储能发电方法还包括:在储能阶段,利用第一端口的液压势能对液体活塞装置内的气体进行压缩时,向液体活塞装置提供具有第五温度的液体,并且具有第五温度的液体在此过程中转变为具有第六温度的液体;利用具有第六温度的液体进行供暖或发电;在发电阶段,在将液体活塞装置的压缩气体等压迁移至压缩气体存储单元之前,向液体活塞装置提供具有第七温度的液体;在压缩气体膨胀并提高液体活塞装置的液压势能并输出至第一端口组时,具有第七温度的液体转变为具有第八温度的液体;以及利用具有第八温度的液体进行制冷。由此,利用第五温度的液体对压缩气体进行温度控制,减少压缩气体消耗的外部能量,同时可利用气体压缩时产生的热量将第五温度的液体加热为第六温度的液体,从而使的第六温度的液体可被用于供暖或发电,从而提高了该储能发电方法的发电效率;另一方面,利用第七温度 的液体对压缩气体进行补热,提高压缩气体膨胀做功的能力,同时可利用气体膨胀做功时吸热的原理将第七温度的液体冷却为第八温度的液体,从而使第八温度的液体可被用于制冷。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的储能发电方法中,第五温度大于第七温度。由此,可利用气体压缩时产生的热量将第五温度的液体加热为第六温度的液体,从而进一步提高能量的品质,使得具有第五温度的液体的原本低品质的能量转变为具有第六温度的液体的高品质能量;另一方面,可利用气体膨胀做功时吸热的原理将使得具有第七温度的液体的原本低品质的能量转变为具有第八温度的液体的高品质能量。
例如,在本实施例一示例提供的储能发电方法中,进行储能过程时,若气体温度低于液体温度,则可控制气体利用膨胀机先进行绝热压缩,再进行等温压缩,可减少压缩消耗的能量;进行发电过程时,若气体温度高于液体温度,则控制气体利用膨胀机先进行绝热膨胀,再进行等温膨胀,可提高发电效率。
有以下几点需要说明:
(1)本发明实施例附图中,只涉及到与本发明实施例涉及到的结构,其他结构可参考通常设计。
(2)在不冲突的情况下,本发明同一实施例及不同实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上所述仅是本发明的示范性实施方式,而非用于限制本发明的保护范围,本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。
本申请要求于2016年12月28日递交的中国专利申请第201611238777.7号的优先权,在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种气液两相联合储能发电系统,包括:
    压缩气体存储单元,包括相互连通的液体存储空间、气体存储空间以及与所述液体存储空间相连的第一高压液体管道,其中,所述气体存储空间被配置为存储具有稳定压强的压缩气体并利用所述压缩气体储能,所述液体存储空间被配置为存储液体,所述第一高压液体管道被配置通过对所述液体存储空间输入或输出液体来维持所述压缩气体的压强;
    第一气体管道,被配置为储能时输送待压缩气体以及发电时输送膨胀后气体;
    液体活塞装置,与所述气体存储空间、所述第一气体管道分别相连;
    液压势能转换单元,包括第一端口组和第二端口组并被配置为将所述第一端口组的液压势能转换为所述第二端口组的液压势能以及将所述第二端口组的液压势能转换为所述第一端口组的液压势能;以及
    第一抽蓄发电单元,被配置为利用电能抽取液体以将电能转化为液压势能以及利用液压势能发电,
    其中,所述液体活塞装置与所述第一端口组相连并被配置为向所述第一端口组接收和输出液压势能,所述第一抽蓄发电单元与所述第二端口组相连并被配置为向所述第二端口组接收和输出液压势能。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,其中,所述第一高压液体管道一端与所述液体存储空间相连,另一端与所述第二端口组相连。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,还包括:
    第一缓冲罐,与所述第一抽蓄发电单元具有第一高度差且包括第一液体空间和第一气体空间,
    第二高压液体管道,被配置为存储或运输高压液体,
    第二气体管道,被配置为存储或运输压缩气体,
    其中,所述第二气体管道一端与所述第一气体空间相连,另一端与所述气体存储空间相连,所述第二高压液体管道一端与所述第一液体空间相连,另一端与所述第二端口组相连。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述气液两相联合储能发电系统,其中,所述液压势能转换单元还包括转换调节单元,被配置为调节所述液压势能转换单 元的液压势能转换速率、进行安全控制以及平衡所述第一端口组和所述第二端口组的液压势能。
  5. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,还包括:
    第一液体源,与所述第一抽蓄发电单元和所述液压势能转换单元的第二端口组分别相连。
  6. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,还包括:
    第二液体源,与所述液体活塞装置和所述液压势能转换单元的第一端口组分别相连并被配置为接收所述液体活塞装置排出的液体以及向所述液体活塞装置提供液体,
    其中,所述第二液体源被配置为提供不同温度的液体以对所述液体活塞装置内气体压缩膨胀过程进行温度控制。
  7. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,还包括第二抽蓄发电单元,所述第二抽蓄发电单元与所述液体活塞装置和所述压缩气体存储单元的液体存储空间分别相连。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,还包括:
    第二缓冲罐,所述第二缓冲罐包括第二液体空间和第二气体空间,所述第二液体空间经所述第二抽蓄发电单元与所述液体存储空间相连,并与所述液体活塞装置相连,所述第二气体空间与所述液体活塞装置和气体存储空间分别相连。
  9. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,还包括:
    气液混合势能转换单元,具有第三液体端口组、第四液体端口组、气体端口组及控制单元;以及
    第三液体源,被配置为向所述压缩气体存储单元输送液体或接收所述压缩气体存储单元排出的液体,
    其中,所述第三液体端口组分别与所述液体存储空间和所述第三液体源相连,所述第四液体端口组分别与所述液体活塞装置和所述第二液体源相连,所述气体端口组分别与所述气体存储空间与所述液体活塞装置相连,所述控制单元被配置为控制气液混合势能转换单元的势能转换速率以平衡所述第三液体端口组、所述第四液体端口组、以及所述气体端口组的势能,以将所述压缩气体存储单元与所述液体活塞装置内温度与压强不一致的压缩气体在所述压缩气体存储单元与所述液体活塞装置间等密度转移。
  10. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,其中,所述第一抽蓄发电单元包括可逆式水轮机组、水轮发电机组与水泵的组合、水轮发电机组和液压马达的组合、或液压活塞机构与直线发电机或与曲柄发电机的组合。
  11. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,其中,所述第一抽蓄发电单元可包括水轮发电机组、压强转换单元以及稳水头池,所述压强转换单元设置在水轮发电机组进水的一侧,所述稳水头池设置在所述水轮发电机组和压强转换单元之间,所述压强转换单元可将输入到所述抽蓄发电单元的压强的大小进行转换。
  12. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,其中,所述液体活塞装置包括:
    压力容器;
    液体循环管道,连接所述压力容器顶部和底部;以及
    循环电机,设置在所述液体循环管道上,
    其中,所述循环电机被配置为通过所述液体循环管道将所述压力容器底部的液体或外部液体输送至所述压力容器顶部。
  13. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,其中,所述压缩气体存储单元包括:
    外罐,包括第一罐体以及设置在所述第一罐体上的第三液体管道;以及
    内罐,包括第二罐体以及设置在所述第二罐体上的第三气体管道,
    其中,所述内罐设置在所述外罐内部,且所述内罐底部具有开口,所述第三液体管道被配置为输入或输出液体,所述第三气体管道被配置为输入或输出气体。
  14. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统,其中,所述压缩气体存储单元包括:
    外罐,包括第一罐体以及设置在所述第一罐体上的第四气体管道;以及
    内罐,包括第二罐体、伸入所述第二罐体内部的液体管道以及设置在所述液体管道上的第四液体管道,
    其中,所述内罐设置在所述外罐内部,且所述内罐顶部具有开口,所述第四液体管道被配置为输入或输出液体,所述第四气体管道被配置为输入或输出气体。
  15. 一种用于如权利要求1所述的气液两相联合储能发电系统的储能发电方法,包括:
    在储能阶段,使用所述第一抽蓄发电单元抽取液体以将电能转化为液压势能并输出至所述第二端口组;
    使用所述液压势能转换单元将所述第二端口组的液压势能转为所述第一端口组的液压势能;
    利用所述第一端口组的液压势能将液体送入所述液体活塞装置使待压缩气体压缩为所述压缩气体;
    将所述液体活塞装置的所述压缩气体等压迁移至所述压缩气体存储单元;
    在发电阶段,将所述压缩气体存储单元中存储的所述压缩气体部分等压迁移或等密度迁移至所述液体活塞装置;
    利用所述液体活塞装置的所述压缩气体膨胀推动液体做功,在所述第一端口组形成液压势能;
    使用所述液压势能转换单元将所述第一端口组的液压势能转为所述第二端口组的液压势能;以及
    使用所述第一抽蓄发电单元利用所述第二端口组的液压势能进行发电。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的储能发电方法,还包括:
    在发电阶段,利用所述压缩气体存储单元的压强稳定所述第二端口组的液体压强。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的储能发电方法,还包括:将所述第一高压液体管道一端与所述液体存储空间相连,另一端与所述第二端口组相连。
  18. 如权利要求15所述的储能发电方法,其中,所述气液两相联合储能发电系统还包括:第一缓冲罐,与所述第一抽蓄发电单元具有第一高度差且包括第一液体空间和第一气体空间、第二高压液体管道以及第二气体管道,所述储能发电方法还包括:将所述第二气体管道一端与所述第一气体空间相连,另一端与所述气体存储空间相连,将所述第二高压液体管道一端与所述第一液体空间相连,另一端与所述第二端口组相连。
  19. 如权利要求17或18所述的储能发电方法,还包括:使用所述第一抽蓄发电单元控制单位时间内流入/流出所述第一高压液体管道或所述第一缓冲罐的液体流量,以使所述压缩气体存储单元内部的压强保持稳定。
  20. 如权利要求17或18所述的储能发电方法,其中,所述液压势能转换 单元包括转换调节单元,所述储能发电方法包括:使用所述转换调节单元控制单位时间内流入/流出所述第一高压液体管道或所述第一缓冲罐的液体流量,以使所述压缩气体存储单元内部的压强保持稳定。
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