WO2018117877A1

WO2018117877A1 - Window, door or facade jamb beam and the method of producing the window, door and facade jamb beam

Info

Publication number: WO2018117877A1
Application number: PCT/PL2017/000104
Authority: WO
Inventors: Artur BORUSZEWSKI
Original assignee: Ergo Plus Polska
Priority date: 2016-12-24
Filing date: 2017-10-17
Publication date: 2018-06-28
Also published as: PL240843B1; EP3559389A1; PL419971A1

Abstract

The object of the invention is window, facade or door frame jamb beam, of which the principal element is a homogeneous beam (1) which is made of foamed plastic or composite, preferably of a foamed composite. To make a homogeneous beam (1) material such as polyurethane (PUR) and (PIR) or foamed polypropylene (PP) or foamed polyamide (PA) or foamed fluff or foamed polyethylene (PE) or foamed poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) or synthetic foam, or foamed mass with fiberglass or carbon fiber or other foamed materials are used. The material used to make the homogeneous beam (1) can incorporate structural components embedded in the mass of the homogeneous beam (1), so that it is reinforced regardless of whether it is additionally covered.The homogeneous beam (1) can have any shape. The method of producing the window, door or facade jamb beam which is the subject of the invention is that the beam (1) described above is placed in a sealed tunnel from which the air is pumped out and then into which a predetermined quantity of resin is introduced, the amount of which has previously been calculated so that the described vacuum injection process uniformly coats the homogeneous beam (1) with assumed thickness of resin layer (4).

Description

Window, door or facade jamb beam

and the method of producing the window, door and facade jamb beam

The object of the invention is a window, door and facade jamb beam in all types of buildings, multi-family buildings, detached houses and also in public buildings, livestock and commercial buildings. The developed beam is designed for mounting windows, fa ades or doors made of PVC, aluminum and wooden, regardless of their size. Wheras, the developed method of production of window, door or facade jambs consists of actions that allow for technological realization of the production process of window, door and facade jamb beams.

There are many construction solutions for the fastening of facade elements of buildings to the face of the wall, such as the window, door and other.

From the description of the Polish patent number PL-166986 (publ. WUP No. 7/95 with priority from June 19, 1992 ) is known the solution "Way of creating a contact point of the window with the wall and thermally insulating component to employ that way". In the present invention an attempt has been made to solve the problem of eliminating thermal bridges at the point of contact of the window with the wall in which it is located. The method relays on placing, at the place of the horizontal contact of the window with a wall, a heat-insulating wall element, which at the same time is the outer sill. The thermally insulating element is made of thermally insulating material in the form of a narrow plate having a trapezoidal cross-section. On the surface of the thermally insulating material of the element is a thin layer of plastic material with a net.

From the description of the Polish utility model with the application number W. 101801 (publ.BUP No. 14/1996 with the priority from 27-12-1994 ) is known the solution "Element for embedding aluminum windows with thermal barrier". The subject of the utility model depicted here is an element for embedding aluminum windows with a thermal baffle as well as with tilting-openings in free standing construction containers, which is a monolithic mold formed from wall and second wall arranged at right angles to each other, the relationship of wall width to wall expresses the ratio: 1.6 to 1.19 to 1 and 2.3 to 1, most preferably 1.9 to l.The wall has through-hole fixing holes and the window with the element is immobilized in the window opening through the screw element.

From description of Polish utility model number Ru-66594 (publ.ln UP No. 6/2013 with priority from 5th April 2011 ), there is a soultion known as "Steel profile reinforcing windows and doors with thermal insert". Depicted here steel reinforcement profile with the thermal insert for manufacturing PVC windows and doors is a steel upper and lateral element, divided by a rolled thermal insert, characterized in that the upper part has a bend forming the protrusion and a seat formed between the double inflection of the protrusion and the single inflection of the protrusion in which one end of the thermal insert is placed. The other end fits in the seat of side component, formed between the double inflection of the protrusion and the single inflection of the protrusion where the vertical shoulder of the lateral component having a bend.

From the description of the Polish invention, application number P.407567 "The system of fastening, sealing and thermally insulating of windows, facades or doors, preferably in the warming zone and the method of fixing, sealing and thermally insulating of windows, facades and doors, preferably in the warming zone" (With priority from 2014-03- 17) - known is a system of fixing, sealing and thermally insulating of PVC, aluminium or wooden windows, facades and doors. The basic elements of this system are beams - moved out of the plane of the wall - with different cross sections with anchors placed therein, suitable for the loads the beam is to carry. These beams are located around the window opening being build over. The system provides for the use of various types of anchors, with three types of joints, which can be: rigid joints, hinged joints or retractable elements. Each of the above mentioned anchors is in variant with plastic block (eg PVC, ABS, PE, PP) and these blocks are embedded in the beam. Anchors are arranged in the beam in two rows. The configuration of the joints and retractable elements in the anchor may be arbitrary, however, if it is a hinged joint after it has been tilted, and if it is a retracted element, after it has been ejected, the periphery anchor elements in one row are fixed in the window cavity whereas anchor elements in second row are fixed to the wall. From the description of the Polish invention, application number P.415221 "Insulating mounting profile and method of manufacturing insulating mounting profiles" (with priority from 2015-12-10). The essence of the insulation profile described here is that it is an angle bracket, made of any material, preferably steel or high density composite, which can carry loads of up to 450 kg / m2, and which is filled with adherent foam. They are the basic part of the insulating mounting profile and are covered with a resin layer and then covered with a fiber layer. Angle bracket and foam form a compact, basic part of the profile with right triangle cross section.

There is also known the solution shown in utility model DE202006018203, in which the problem, resulting from the fact that by increasing the thickness of the walls by insulation placed under the outer plaster, windows and doors are deprived of real support in the insulation space of the wall devoided of load. Soft insulating material (for example, mineral wool or polystyrene foam boards) is not suitable for receiving vertical pressure of windows or doors and therefore requires standard reinforcement. Presented in this solution two-part protecting window sill or auxiliary door sill is fixed with bolts to brick window silll and is characterized by an angular base sill with a molded shell and reinforcement in the sill corners and also has height adjustment. The adjustment of the height of the window sill is made by first fixing the angle bracket to the wall with the curved buckle forming an integral, fixed part of the angle. Adjusting the height of the window is done by extending the moving section inserted into the clamp. This construction is exposed to temperature transfer from the outside to the center of the building through the described clamping bracket. This solution does not provide for additional thermal protection of the window or door fastening.

The United States of America patent number US 2009/0211184 describes prefabricated and otherwise assembled door frames from extruded aluminum and other materials for door frame and door frame assemblies. In the case of installing a door frame in a door opening in a building, it is advantageous to have a strong, durable, rot proof frame (door frame) that is prefabricated or easily mounted on construction site. It is preferable to be provided with frame elements that are easily assembled on site. The door frame shown here uses extruded aluminum fittings as door frames, including molded door jambs, or door jambs of finishing elements in combination with door frame substrates. Molding of aluminum jambs includes fixing the mounting slot with a recess (fins, ribs). The mounting slit with the recess (fin, rib) is generally shoe shaped, having an inwardly-shaped part such as a foot and a hole having a cross-section in the shape and at the height of the cube. The mounting slot with the recess (fin, rib) can be substantially rigid, for example extruded from aluminum or substantially rigid polymer. The recess, in conjunction with the mounting slit with recess, which has a pearly (bulbous) rigid base, facilitates the locking of the mounting slot with the recess (fins, ribs) in a standing orientation of about 75 degrees to about 90 degrees relative to the frame or frame substrate. The recess, in conjunction with the mounting fin slot, furthermore increases the ease of changing the straight orientation of the recess and facilitates the turning / retraction of the fin in contact with the body of the frame or the frame of the substructure.

The object of the invention is to implement a new concept of mounting of windows, doors or fagades, starting by firstly preparing the built-in element, that is, the entire window, door or facade, then this element is surrounded with special construction jamb beams, only then the element - the whole assembly of elements - is built-in the opening. The object of the invention is to introduce a new method for mounting windows, doors or facades using the developed design and not only to simplify and accelerate their assembly, but also to improve the quality of the assembly. The object of the invention is also to provide a method of producing window jamb beams that will enable the purpose described above to be realized.

The essence of the developed jamb beams of windows, doors or facades is that it is a homogeneous beam, surrounded possibly by the additional layers described below, which, like the other three beams, is build around the element beeing fixed in the window, door or facade opening. Each beam is attached to that element by screwing, glueing or plugging before being fixed in the opening.

The essence of the basic beam is that its cross-section resembles the letter "L" laid down in the lower horizontal beam - so that the vertical arm of the letter "L" is arranged horizontally and the window, door or facade frame is mounted on it. On the other hand, the shorter arm of the letter "L" is tilted vertically downwards. This configuration of the homogenous beam is repeated in each part of the opening, in its lateral and upper portions. In the described arrangement of the homogenous beam - the frame is set to "on" a horizontal uniform beam and is blocked on at least one protrusion of the homogenous beam.

The beam of window, door or facade jamb is also a homogeneous beam which cross section resembles a rectangle with at least four, preferably six, protrusions on which the door frame is based.

The essence of the next window, door or facade jamb beam is that it is a homogenous beam which cross-section is a polygon on which the fa?ade frame is placed.

Preferably, two protrusions are drawn out of the uniform beam.

Preferably, the solid beam is made of foamed plastic or composite, preferably of a foamed composite.

Preferably, the foamed plastic from which the uniform beam is made - is a soft or rigid material, preferably with closed cells.

Preferably, the solid beam is made of polyurethane (PUR) and (PIR) or foamed polypropylene (PP) or foamed poiyamide (PA) or foam fluff or foamed polyethylene (PE) or foamed poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) or synthetic foam, or foamed mass with fiberglass or carbon fiber or other foamed material.

Preferably, the material used to make the homogenous beams contains structural components that are embedded in the mass of the homgoenous beam.

Preferably, the homogenous beam - in part or in whole - at least on its longitudinal surfaces, can be covered with a resin layer.

Preferably, the thickness of the applied resin layer ranges from 0.25 to 2 mm.

Preferably, the homogenous beam - in part or in whole - is covered with tape on longitudinal surfaces.

Preferably, the tape is made on a basis of fleece or rubber, preferably EPDM.

Preferably, the tape is vapor-permeable in one direction and simultaneously vapor- tight in the other direction. Preferably, the homogenous beam - in part or in whole - on the longitudinal surfaces is covered with a layer of glass or carbon fiber or fiber, which is a fabric, preferably linen - embedded in the resin layer.

Preferably, the homogenous beam - in part or in whole - on the longitudinal faces is covered with a metal element.

Preferably, the metal element is a plate or strip or profile or angle bracket, preferably made of steel or aluminum.

Preferably, the homogenous beam is fixed to the hole in which it is secured from the center of the building using dowels, anchors or screws.

Preferably, the homogenous beam is sealed by a polyurethane foam or other resilient materials.

Preferably, the homogenous beam is arranged on the springing belt between the beam and the wall, which is preferably made of: foamed EPDM, foamed PE, expanding tape 300 Pa, low pressure mounting foam, or adhesive mortar.

The essence of created way of manufacturing window, door or facade jamb beam is the fact that a solid beam is cut from a block of foamed plastic or composite or foamed composite, or a homogeneous beam is formed by filling in a suitable mold with plastic or composite or composite foam. Then a homogeneous beam is placed in a sealed tunnel from which the air is pumped out and a pre-measured quantity of resin is added to it, the amount of which has previously been calculated so that the described process of vacuum injection covers the homogenous beam with a uniform coating of the resin layer of assumed thickness.

Preferably, before vacum injection process a fiberglass or carbon fiber or cloth, such as canvas, is applied to the homogenous beam, which is then plunged into the resin layer.

The solution of the invention makes it extremely easy and fast and at the same time very solid and stable fixing of any window, door or fagade in any building using trivial technical means. The developed beam is a stand-alone structural element that fulfills the functions previously performed by a number of elements together. The necessity of using and incorporating the numerous supporting components required for the assembly of windows, doors or facades is eliminated. The mounting profiles on the outside of the building, external and internal window sills, anchors and other accessories used so far for windows, doors or facades to be installed on both the exterior and interior of the building become unnecessary. At the same time, compared to previously known solutions - the developed profile is able to carry a lot higher loads. In the case of reinforcing the structure of a single beam and embedding glass fiber in it, which will cover a uniform beam - it remains very light but its strength is twice as great as if it were coated with steel. On the other hand, if it is coated with carbon fiber, its strength is even three times greater than that achieved with heavy steel. There is no "bending" or "twisting" of the jamb beam, as a result of the overloads it is subject to.

Properly selecting the shape of the beam and properly positioning the protrusions of the jamb beam, it is possible to position the window in the warming zone, half to half between the jamb and the heat insulating zone, or completely in the jamb.

Thanks to that, the developed jamb beam will easily and effortlessly lift heavy HS door. Its application will also allow for the implementation of the most difficult architectural concepts and for example will allow to mount in the developed beams heavy shopwindow jambs. The added advantage of the developed beam is that, in the case of the most difficult projects, the beam can be easily and precisely designed, by prior planning the beam can be made to fit, by adjusting the thickness of the resin layer applied to it. Thus, the height, length and width of the beam can be adjusted to the actual shape of the built-in hole, whose dimensions are not always (or rather seldom) corresponding to those assumed in the project.

This solution according to the invention also allows to obtain extraordinary thermal insulation parameters of a building in which windows, doors or facades are mounted using the developed design. Although the developed window, door or fa ade jamb beam exhibits such high strength - its production requires minimal material input and the process of its manufacturing is extremely simple. The developed window, door or fa?ade jamb beam allows for the simultaneous realization of three effects - each of which so far has not been reached even by itself. Firstly, it greatly simplifies and accelerates the assembly process of windows, doors or fagades. Secondly and thirdly: it allows for excellent strength and thermal insulation of the installed structure, eliminating the thermal bridges that are usually created by fixing windows, doors or fa ades and other fa ade elements.

The developed jamb beam used for window installation fulfills several additional functions at the same time. Not only is it extremely easy to design a frame of a mounted window, door or facade, but at the same time also constitutes a double sided window sill which doesn't transfer heat. And thanks to the fact that the developed beam can be given a different shape (its cross-sections may be different) - it can simultaneously be an ornamental element of the facade of the building.

Analysis of the test results - carried out in full confidence - indicates that the described design allows for extraordinary and unexpected effects of thermal insulation and mechanical strength of the environment around attached with its use of windows, doors or facades.

The subject of the invention is illustrated in exemplary embodiments on the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 - illustrates the fixing principle and shows a schematic cross-section (axonometric view with cross-section) of the window opening and wall of the building where the described profile with two longitudinal protrusions with a visible window section, including window frame, door or facade frame has been installed. The homogeneous beam shown here is made exclusively of the composite,

Fig. 2 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 1) except that the homogeneous beam is covered with a tape that is vapor-permeable in one direction but vapor-tight in other direction,

Fig. 3 - depicts a desribed above cross section (Fig. 1) except that all the longitudinal surfaces of the homogeneous composite beam are fully covered with a resin layer, Fig. 4 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 1) except that all the longitudinal surfaces of the homogeneous composite beam are covered with a resin layer, and some of them are covered with a tape that is vapor-permeable in one direction but vapor-tight in other direction,

Fig. 5 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 1) except that all the longitudinal faces of the homogeneous composite beam are fully covered with a resin layer in which fiberglass netting has been embedded, and some of the longitudinal surfaces of the homogeneous composite beam are covered with a tape that is vapor-permeable in one direction but vapor-tight in other direction,

Fig. 6 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 1) except that the homogeneous composite beam has been reinforced with metal elements arranged on some of its longitudinal surfaces, and sheathed on some of its longitudinal surfaces with a tape that is vapor-permeable in one direction but vapor-tight in other direction,

Fig. 7 - shows a schematic cross-section (axonometric view with cross-section) of the window opening and wall of the building where the profiled profile with one longitudinal protrusion with visible cross-section of the window profile, including the window frame, door or facade frame, wherein a single beam is made only of the base material,

Fig. 8 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 7) except that the homogeneous beam is covered with a tape that is vapor-permeable in one direction but vapor-tight in other direction,

Fig. 9 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 7) except that all the longitudinal surfaces of the homogeneous beam are covered in whole with a resin layer,

Fig. 10 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 7) except that all the longitudinal surfaces of the homogeneous beam are covered with a resin layer and, in addition, some of them are covered with a tape that is vapor-permeable in one direction but vapor-tight in other direction,

Fig. 11 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 7) except that the longitudinal surfaces of the homogeneous beam are covered in whole with a resin layer in which fiberglass netting has been embedded, and some of the longitudinal faces of the solid beam are covered with a tape that is vapor-permeable in one direction but vapor-tight in other direction,

Fig. 12 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 7) except that the solid beam is reinforced with metal elements arranged on some of its longitudinal surfaces and is covered with a tape that is vapor-permeable in one direction but vapor-tight in other direction,

Fig. 13 - shows a schematic cross-section (axonometric view with cross-section) of the building wall in which the developed door profile is installed, wherein the solid beam shown here is made solely of uncoated base material (foamed or composite material),

Fig. 14 - depicts a desribed above cross section (Fig. 13) except that all surfaces of the homogeneous beam are fully covered with a resin layer,

Fig. 14a - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 13) except that all surfaces of the homogeneous beam are fully covered with a resin layer and, in addition, some of them are covered with a tape that is vapor-permeable in one direction but vapor-tight in other direction,

Fig. 15 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 13) except that all surfaces of the unitary beam are fully covered with a resin layer in which fiberglass netting has been embeded,

Fig. 16 - shows a cross-section of a fagade and a homogeneous beam and a metal element of a predetermined shape and color that has been pushed on (or glued to) a homogeneous beam,

Fig. 16a - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 16) except that the homogeneous beam is covered with resin,

Fig. 17 - shows a cross-section of a fa ade and a homogeneous beam except that two metal elements are slid onto (or glued to) a homogeneous beam,

Fig. 17a - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 17) except that the solid beam is covered with resin,

Fig. 17b - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 17) except that the homogeneous beam has been covered with a resin in which the fiber has been embeded, Fig. 18 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 17) except that the solid beam has been covered with a tape and, in addition, a spacer block that had to be used so far has been shown,

Fig. 18a - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 18) except that the solid beam is covered by resin,

Fig. 18b - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 18a) except that the solid beam is covered by resin into which the fiber has been embeded,

Fig. 19 - is a sectional view of a homogeneous beam which is fixed to the lower rail of the facade, which is additionally covered with a tape,

Fig. 19a - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 19) except that the homogeneous beam has been covered with resin,

Fig. 19b - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 19) except that the homogeneous beam has been covered with a resin into which the fiber has been embeded,

Fig. 20 - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 19) except that the solid beam has been covered with tape,

Fig. 20a - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 19) except that the homogeneous beam has been covered with tape and resin

Fig. 20b - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 19) except that the homogeneous beam has been covered with tape and a resin with a fiber embedded in it.

Fig. 21 - is a sectional view of a homogeneous beam which is fixed to the lower rail of the facade, which is additionally covered from the outside of the facade with resin (wherein the resin can also be applied to the entire surface - as in Fig. 21a) and also sealed with tape,

Fig. 21a - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 21) except that the resin is applied to the entire surface and has a slightly differently arranged tape than is shown in Fig. 21,

Fig. 21b - depicts a desribed above cross section (Fig. 21a) except that the fiber layer is embeded in the resin,

Fig.22 - shows a cross-section of a fa?ade with two homogeneous beams separated and sealed with tape between each other, Fig. 22a - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 22) except that the two homogeneous beams are surrounded by a resin layer,

Fig. 22b - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 22) except that the two homogeneous beams are surrounded by a resin layer with a fiber embeded in it,

Fig.23 - shows a cross-section of the fa ade (its right or left pole) with a homogeneous beam covered with two tapes,

Fig. 23a - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 23) except that the solid beam is sealed with resin,

Fig. 23b - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 23) except that the solid beam is sealed with a resin in which the fiber is embeded,

Fig.24 - shows the cross-section of the fa ade (its upper bolt) with metal elements inserted in or glued to a homogeneous beam,

Fig. 24a - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 24) except that the solid beam is sealed with resin,

Fig. 24b - depicts a desribed above cross-section (Fig. 24) except that the solid beam is sealed with a resin in which the fiber is embeded,

Fig. 25 - shows the cross-section of the fagade (its upper bolt, right or left pole) and a homogeneous beam sealed with tape.

As it's shown on the drawings, the main element of the window, facade or door jamb beam is a solid beam 1 which is made of foamed plastic or composite, preferably of a foamed composite. Foamed plastic can be both soft and rigid with closed cells. To make the uniform beam 1, such materials as: polyurethane (PUR) and (PIR) or foamed polypropylene (PP) or foamed polyamide (PA) or foamed fluff or foamed poly foamed poly (vinyl chloride) PVC) or synthetic foam, or foamed mass with fiberglass or carbon fiber or other foamed material are expected to be used. The material used to make the homogeneous beam 1 can incorporate structural components embedded in the mass of the homogeneous beam 1 so that it is reinforced regardless of whether it is additionally covered. Homogeneous beam 1 can be of any shape and moreover adaptation of the technological cycle to the individual needs of the customer and the project does not cause any problems and does not slow down the technological cycle and production process in any way.

The jamb beam and its essential element - the homogeneous beam 1, can be of any shape. It is adapted to the shape of the specific window, door or facade frame.

During assembly, the lower, horizontal, homogeneous beam 1, which cross-section resembles the letter "L", is arranged in such a way that the vertical arm of the letter "L" is arranged horizontally and a window frame 2, door or facade frame is supported on it. Whereas shorter arm of the letter "L" is tilted vertically down. This configuration of the homogeneous beam 1 is repeated in each part of the mounting hole, i.e. in its lateral and upper portions, respectively. With the beam 1 laid out as described in the beginning, the frame 2 is aligned with the horizontal homogeneous beam 1 and is blocked by at least one protrusion 3 of the homogeneous beam 1. It is also advantageous to use in the described construction two protrusions 3, which block the homogeneous beam 1, or rather block the window frame 2, door or facade frame in it. Depending on how a homogeneous beam 1 is formed and how many protrusions 3 are derived from it, they will perform a different function. And so: the use of one protrusion 3 will be sufficient and indicated in the case of the jamb beams fixed in the top and bottom of the opening.The lower jamb beam of this shape (with one protrusion 3) does not block the water so it can easily flow outward. In contrast, the use of two protrusions is particularly useful in the case of the installation of the beams in lateral portions of the opening. They firmly fix the frame 2. And even water would somehow get in that area, it would drop downward gravitationally and prevent the beam from being wetted.

The homogeneous beam 1 - in part or in its entirety - at least on its longitudinal surfaces can be covered with a resin layer 4. The thickness of the applied resin layer will be determined by several initial parameters, including: the technical needs of the project and the realization in question, and therefore the contractor's expectations for the dimensions of the openings, which come from a difference between initialy prepared opening and the dimensions of window, door or fa ade that is going to be installed in that opening.The thickness of the applied resin layer 4 will also be determined by the technical conditions to which the target jamb must match. It is usually sufficient to apply a resin layer 4 with a thickness of 0.25 to 2 mm or more.

Homogeneous beam 1 - in part or in its entirety - on longitudinal surfaces can also be covered with tape 5, usually made on the basis of the fleece, most preferably vapor- permeable in one direction (on the outside, for example at level μ from 1,000 to 50,000 units) and simultaneously vapor-proof in the other direction (on the inside, for example at level μ from 100,000 to 1,000,000 units), preferably known as winflex. Tape 5 can also be made on a rubber base, such as EPDM.

The homogeneous beam 1 - in part or in its entirety - on the longitudinal faces may also be additionally covered with a glass or carbon fiber layer 6. The fiber layer 6 may also be a fabric, such as a canvas. Independently of whether the material from which the homogeneous beam 1 is made has been reinforced structurally (as described below), it is possible to coat the homogeneous beam with the fiber layer 6 and embed it in the resin layer 4.

The homogeneous beam 1 - in part or in its entirety - on the longitudinal surfaces may also be covered with a metal element 7 which will be a plate, a strip, a profile or an angle bracket, for example made of steel or aluminium.

Configuration of the described reinforcing layers can be arbitrary.

Homogeneous beams 1, together with the built-in element - to which they are bolted, glued or plugged in - are attached to the hole in which they are beeing mounted - always from the inside of the building. Fixings are being done, for example, with dowels, anchors or screws. It is not always necessary to weaken the construction of the wall and its technical parameters, including thermal insulation, with openings made from the exterior of the building. In this case, the elements used to fix the jamb beams in which the windows, doors or fa ades are inserted - lock them stably especially when a homogeneous beam 1 covered with the resin layer 4 is used. In this case, the fastening elements are propped up by two supports which are the walls of the resin layer 4 from one, inner surface of the homogeneous beam 1.

Due to its lightness and excellent thermal insulation properties, the material used to make the homogeneous beam 1 excellently prevents the penetration of heat from the building to its surroundings and vice versa. The cost of used material is negligible compared to the price of materials used to fix windows, doors or fa ades so far.

The composite from which a homogeneous beam 1 can be made may be composed of two or more components (phases) of different properties. Composite properties are never the sum or average property of its components. Most often one of the components is a binder, which guarantees consistency, hardness and elasticity, and the other so-called structural component provides resistance to compression and stretching. Many composites exhibit anisotropy of different physical properties. They do not have to be mechanical properties only. One of the most commonly used construction components are strong fibers such as glass fiber, quartz, asbestos, kevlar or carbon fibers, giving the material a high tensile strength. The most commonly used binders are synthetic resins based on polyesters, epoxides, polyurethanes and silicone resins. Composite materials have been known to mankind for thousands of years. Examples include traditional Chinese Lacquer used for the manufacture of dishes and furniture obtained by impregnating a numerous thin layers of paper and resinous fabric with "self-hardening" Sumac Rhus juice has been used since at least 5th century B.C. However, the modern development of composite materials began only after mastering the process of production of synthetic resins, which is the basis of production of laminates. One of the first composites based on these resins was Bakelite, the first phenoplast. The rapid development of composite materials during and after World War II was also linked to the growing demand from aviation, space and automotive industries for lightweight and durable materials that could replace steel and other metals. The developed solution uses primarily a microcomposite or a nanocomposite - where the regular structure of two or more components is organized at the super-molecular level. The described jamb beam, which optionally is an additionally secured homogeneous beam 1, is sealed with polyurethane foam or other resilient materials that insulate the building thermally and acoustically and protect against precipitation and wind.

Between the beam 1 and the wall 7 there is an absorbing strip which is preferably made of:

Foamed EPDM,

- Foamed PE,

- Expanding tape 300 Pa,

- Low-pressure mounting foam,

- Adhesive mortar (e.g. for polystyrene).

The method of producing the window, door or facade jamb beams which is the object of the invention lies in a fact that the above-described homogeneous beam 1 is cut from the foamed plastic block or from the composite or foamed composite. The homogeneous beam 1 can also be formed by filling a suitable mold with a foamed plastic or composite, preferably a foamed composite. Then, a homogeneous beam 1 is placed in a sealed tunnel from which the air is pumped out and then into which a predetermined quantity of resin is introduced, the amount of which has previously been calculated so that the described vacuum injection process uniformly coats the homogeneous beam 1 with assumed thickness of resin layer 4.

Prior to carrying out the vacuum injection process, on homogeneous beam 1 is applied the fiber 6, in the form of glass fiber, carbon fiber or fiber such as canvas, which is embeded into the resin layer 4.

The described process may, for example, be implemented as follows.

EXAMPLE I

Homogeneous beam 1 is cut from a block of foamed PVC plastic. Then a homogeneous beam 1 with an external surface of 0.3 m² is placed in a sealed tunnel from which the air is pumped out, followed by injection of a pre-measured amount of 0.5 m³ of epoxy resin, which uniformly coats the homogeneous beam 1 with assumed thickness of 0.25mm of the resin layer 4.

EXAMPLE II

The homogeneous beam 1 described above is formed by intoruducing a foamed composite in a form of foamed polyurethane (PUR) into the mold. Once it has dried and hardened - a homogeneous beam 1 with an external surface of 0.75m² is placed in a sealed tunnel from which the air is pumped out, followed by injection of a measured amount of mixed polyester and polyurethane resins in ratio a 1:1, a total of 0.001 m³ , which uniformly coats the homogeneous beam 1 with assumed thickness of 0.75mm of the resin layer 4.

Prior to the vacuum injection process, the fiber 6 is applied to the homogeneous beam 1 in the form of a linen cloth, embeded into the resin layer 4.

List of elements:

1. Homogeneous beam,

2. Frame (window, door or front),

3. Longitudinal protrusion (of homogeneous beam),

4. Resin layer,

5. Tape,

6. Fiber (glass or carbon or weaving)

7. Metal element.

Claims

1. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, characterized by a homogeneous beam (1) which cross-section resembles the letter "L" arranged in the lower horizontal beam of the jamb so that the vertical arm of the letter "L" is arranged horizontally and a window or door or facade frame (2) is mounted on it, while the shorter "L" arm is inclined vertically downward, the configuration of the homogeneous beam (1) being repeated in each part of the opening, that is in its side and top parts and in the described homogeneous beam arrangement (1), the frame (2) is positioned "on" a horizontal, homogeneous beam (1) and is blocked by at least one protrusion (3) of the homogeneous beam (1).

2. A jamb beam of window, door or facade is characterized by a homogeneous beam (1) which cross-section resembles a rectangle with at least four, preferably six, protrusions extending from it on which the door frame (2) is supported.

3. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, characterized by a homogeneous beam (1) which cross-section is a polygon on which the facade frame (2) is supported.

4. A window, door or fa ade jamb beam, according to claim 1 or 3, characterized by that two protrusions (3) are derived from the homogeneous beam (1).

5. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 1 to 4, characterized by that the homogeneous beam (1) is made of foamed plastic or composite, preferably of a foamed composite.

6. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 1 to 5, characterized by that the foamed plastic from which the homogeneous beam (1) is made is a soft or rigid material, preferably with closed cells.

7. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 1 to 6, characterised by that the homogenous beam (1) is made out of polyurethane (PUR) and (PIR) or foamed polypropylene (PP) or foamed polyamide (PA) or foam fluff or foamed polyethylene (PE) or foamed poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) or synthetic foam, or foamed mass infused with fiberglass or carbon fiber or other foamed material.

8. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 1 to 7, characterized by that the material used to make the homogeneous beam (1) comprises structural components which are embedded in the mass of the homogeneous beam (1).

9. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 1 to 8, characterized by that the homogeneous beam (1) - in part or in whole - at least on its longitudinal surfaces, can be covered with a resin layer (4).

10. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to claim 9, characterized by that the thickness of the applied resin layer ranges from 0.25 to 2 mm.

11. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 1 to 10, characterized by that the homogeneous beam (1) - in part or in whole - on the longitudinal surfaces is covered with a tape (5).

12. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to claim 11, characterized by that the tape (5) is made on the fleece or rubber base, preferably EPDM.

13. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 11 or 12, characterized by that the tape (5) is vapor-permeable in one direction and simultaneously vapor-tight in the other.

14. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 1 to 13, characterized by that the homogeneous beam (1) - in part or in whole - on the longitudinal surfaces is covered with a glass or carbon fiber (6) or fiber (6), which is a cloth, preferably linen - embeded in resin layer (4).

15. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 1 to 14, characterized by that the homogeneous beam (1) is partially or fully coated with the metal element (7) on the longitudinal surfaces.

16. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to claim 15, characterized by that the metal element (7) is a plate or strip or profile or angle bracket, preferably made of steel or al uminum.

17. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 1 to 16, characterized by that the homogeneous beam (1) is fixed to the opening in which it is secured from the inside of the building using dowels, anchors or screws.

18. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 1 to

17, characterized by that the homogeneous beam (1) is surrounded by the sealant, a polyurethane foam or other resilient materials.

19. A jamb beam of window, door or facade, according to one of the claims from 1 to

18, characterized by that the homogeneous beam (1) is arranged on the strip between it and the wall, which is preferably made of: foamed EPDM, foamed PE, expanding tape 300 Pa, low pressure mounting foam or adhesive mortar.

20. A method of producing a window, door or facade jamb beam , characterized by that the homogeneous beam (1 ) is cut out from the foamed plastic block or composite or foamed composite, or the homogeneous beam (1 ) is formed by filling a suitable plastic mold with foamed plastic or composite or foamed composite and then, a homogeneous beam (1) is placed in a sealed tunnel from which the air is pumped out and then into which a predetermined quantity of resin is introduced, the amount of which has previously been calculated so that the described vacuum injection process uniformly coats the homogeneous beam (1 ) with assumed thickness of resin layer (4).

21. A method of producing a window, door or facade jamb beam, according to claim 20, characterized by that before vacuum injection process the homogeneous beam (1) is covered with fiber (6) in the form of glass fiber, carbon fiber or cloth, for example canvas, which is embeded into the resin layer (4).