WO2018108154A1 - 多粘菌素衍生物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

多粘菌素衍生物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2018108154A1
WO2018108154A1 PCT/CN2017/116484 CN2017116484W WO2018108154A1 WO 2018108154 A1 WO2018108154 A1 WO 2018108154A1 CN 2017116484 W CN2017116484 W CN 2017116484W WO 2018108154 A1 WO2018108154 A1 WO 2018108154A1
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dab
fmoc
thr
integer
group
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PCT/CN2017/116484
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English (en)
French (fr)
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崔阿龙
李卓荣
金洁
高岩
胡辛欣
游雪甫
陈阳
何琪杨
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中国医学科学院医药生物技术研究所
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Priority to EP17880389.6A priority Critical patent/EP3556769B1/en
Priority to CN201780069798.7A priority patent/CN110072878B/zh
Priority to JP2019531880A priority patent/JP6975433B2/ja
Priority to US16/468,997 priority patent/US20190315806A1/en
Priority to AU2017376711A priority patent/AU2017376711B2/en
Publication of WO2018108154A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018108154A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K7/50—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link
    • C07K7/54—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link with at least one abnormal peptide link in the ring
    • C07K7/60—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link with at least one abnormal peptide link in the ring the cyclisation occurring through the 4-amino group of 2,4-diamino-butanoic acid
    • C07K7/62—Polymyxins; Related peptides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/12—Cyclic peptides, e.g. bacitracins; Polymyxins; Gramicidins S, C; Tyrocidins A, B or C
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
    • C07K1/06—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length using protecting groups or activating agents
    • C07K1/061—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length using protecting groups or activating agents using protecting groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
    • C07K1/12—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length by hydrolysis, i.e. solvolysis in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
    • C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
    • C07K1/30—Extraction; Separation; Purification by precipitation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a polymyxin derivative and a preparation method thereof, and to a use of the inventive compound for the preparation of an antibacterial agent, in particular to an antibacterial agent for preparing an antibacterial spectrum, an antibacterial activity, and a reduced nephrotoxicity, including preparation
  • an antibacterial agent for preparing an antibacterial spectrum, an antibacterial activity, and a reduced nephrotoxicity
  • the use of antibacterial agents against "superbugs" carrying the NDM-1 gene, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds as active ingredients, and their use belong to the field of biomedicine.
  • Polymyxin was discovered in 1947 and is a general term for a series of cationic antibacterial peptides produced by Bacillus polymyxa. It has different types of structures such as A, B, C, D, E, F, K, M, P, S and T. The molecular weight is around 1200D.
  • the common structural features of polymyxins are: consisting of a cyclic heptapeptide, a linear tripeptide, and a side chain acyl chain linked to a linear tripeptide, wherein the heptapeptide ring is composed of the 4-position amino acid L-Dab ( ⁇ , ⁇ -Diaminobutyric acid is formed by condensation of the 10-position amino acid L-Thr (or L-Leu).
  • L-Dab 4-position amino acid
  • ⁇ , ⁇ -Diaminobutyric acid is formed by condensation of the 10-position amino acid L-Thr (or L-Leu).
  • the main difference between different types of structures lies in the difference of amino acids at
  • Polymyxin has a narrow antibacterial spectrum and is only effective against Gram-negative bacteria, and it has certain nephrotoxicity, especially the emergence of new broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs, third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. Its clinical use is gradually decreasing. In recent years, polymyxin has been found to be effective in the treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections, and has therefore received clinical attention.
  • polymyxin B and colistin are used clinically, both of which are multi-component mixtures obtained by bacterial fermentation.
  • the content of polymyxin B3 should not exceed 6.0%
  • the content of polymyxin B1-Ile should not exceed 15.0%
  • polymyxin B1, B2 The total content of B3 and B1-Ile shall not be less than 80.0%.
  • the clinical use of polymyxin is complex, the relative content is uncertain, and there is a certain degree of nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity, which brings safety hazards to clinical medication. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to prepare single-component polymyxins and polymyxin derivatives and to study the biological functions of the polymyxins and polymyxin derivatives.
  • WO2013156977A1 reports a method for solid phase synthesis of insulin by lysine side chain amino linking resin, which employs solid phase condensation by a protected basic amino acid Fmoc-AA-OP side chain amino linking resin similar in structure to lysine.
  • the solid phase cyclization method synthesizes polymyxin derivatives.
  • Literature Wei-Liang Xu, A-Long Cui, Xin-Xin Hu, et al. A new strategy for total solid-phase synthesis of polymyxins. Tetrahedron Letters, 2015, 56(33): 4796-4799.
  • HCTU/ DIEA is used as a condensing agent.
  • DIEA enolizes the ⁇ -carbonyl group of the side chain carboxylic acid CH 3 -(CH 2 )n-CO-CH 2 -COOH of compound 3-7, which is prone to CH 3 -(CH 2 ) Intermolecular condensation reaction of n-CO-CH 2 -COOH, compound 3-7 could not be obtained.
  • the present synthesis method uses DIC/HOBT as a condensing agent, and it is not easy to generate an intermolecular condensation reaction of CH 3 -(CH 2 )n-CO-CH 2 -COOH without adding a base as a catalyst, and a compound 3-7 can be obtained.
  • the method has wide application range, avoids a large amount of solvent generated by liquid phase cyclization, is environmentally friendly, has high purity of crude polypeptide, and is easy to be separated and purified, and the total yield is up to 40%.
  • polymyxins A, B, D, E, M, P, S and T are currently identified in the structural types of polymyxins of natural origin.
  • the structure of many polymyxin natural products that have appeared in the literature has not been completely studied or the structure has been confirmed to be wrong.
  • the amino acid configuration of polymyxin C and F is uncertain
  • the side chain acyl group of polymyxin K The structure of the chain is uncertain.
  • Polymyxin A and M were originally thought to be compounds of the same structure. Later, it was found that the three amino acid configurations of polymyxin A and M are different, and so on (Terabe S, Konaka R, Shoji J).
  • the present invention is the first to study the biological function of a single component of polymyxin antibiotics to guide the rational and safe use of polymyxins in clinical treatment of bacterial infections.
  • the present invention has for the first time prepared a new derivative, a basic amino acid or a polar group which increases or decreases the hydrophobicity of a side chain acyl chain (altering R 0 ) by changing the length and volume of the side chain acyl chain.
  • Substituting amino acid for a new derivative of amino acid 1 and/or amino acid (changing R 1 , R 3 ), hydrophobic amino acid or polar amino acid replacing a new derivative of amino acid 2 and/or 10 (changing R 2 , R 9 )
  • Substituting a new derivative of the 5th and/or 8th and/or 9th amino acid (changing R 4 , R 7 , R 8 ), a hydrophobic amino acid or a polar amino acid substitution 6 with a hydrophobic amino acid or a basic amino acid or a polar amino acid
  • a new derivative of the position and/or amino acid 7 (changing R 5 , R 6 ).
  • the present invention studies the antibacterial activity and nephrotoxicity of polymyxin derivatives, and the antibacterial activity of some polymyxin derivatives against Gram-positive bacteria is higher than that of the positive control. , partially sticky The antibacterial activity of the bacteriocin derivative on Gram-negative bacteria is increased, and the nephrotoxicity of some polymyxin derivatives is decreased.
  • the invention relates to a polymyxin derivative and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a method for preparing a polymyxin derivative by solid phase condensation and solid phase cyclization.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the compound of the invention in the preparation of an antibacterial agent, in particular to the preparation of an antibacterial agent with an expanded antibacterial spectrum, an increase in antibacterial activity and a decrease in nephrotoxicity, including preparation of a "superbug" resistant to the NDM-1 gene. Use in antibacterial drugs.
  • the present invention provides a polymyxin derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has the structure shown by the formula I':
  • the numbers 1 to 10 in the formula I' indicate the specific positions of the amino acid residues in the formula I', and the amino acids 1 to 10 are separated by brackets.
  • Each of the square brackets corresponds to a specific number, for example, the amino acid in the brackets corresponding to the number 1 is the amino acid of the 1 position, for example, the square bracket corresponding to the number 2 is the amino acid of the 2 position.
  • the present invention provides a polymyxin derivative of the following embodiment or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a polymyxin derivative having the structure of the formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the derivative comprises a cyclic heptapeptide, a linear tripeptide and a side chain acyl chain linked to a linear tripeptide (ie R 0 -CO-) consists of three parts and contains at least three amino groups in the molecule.
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of CH 3 -O-(CH 2 ) m -, CH 3 -CH 2 -O-(CH 2 ) m -, (CH 3 ) 2 -N-(CH 2 ) m - , CH 3 -(CH 2 ) n -CO-CH 2 -, (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl, (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl, hydroxy-substituted (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl, hydroxy-substituted (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl; m is an integer from 4 to 10 , n is an integer from 2 to 9, and R 10 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, by (C 1 -C 4 )-linear or (C) 3- C 4 )-branched alkyl substituted phenyl group, for example, a phenyl para position formed by O
  • the configuration of the amino acid is L-form, the configuration of the 3-position amino acid is D or L-type;
  • x is an integer of 1-4" has the same meaning as "x is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4";
  • R 2 and R 9 are independently selected from the group consisting of -CH 2 OH, -CH(CH 3 )OH, -(CH 2 ) 2 -S-CH 3 , -CH 2 NH 2 , -(CH 2 ) 2 NH 2 , -(CH 2 ) 3 NH 2 , -(CH 2 ) 4 NH 2 and (C 1 -C 4 )-linear or (C 3 -C 4 )-branched alkyl; 2,10 amino acid
  • the configuration is L-shaped;
  • R 4 , R 7 and R 8 are independently selected from the group consisting of -CH 2 OH, -CH(CH 3 )OH, -(CH 2 ) 2 -S-CH 3 , (C 1 -C 4 )- straight Chain or (C 3 -C 4 )-branched alkyl, NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4; the configuration of amino acids 5, 8, and 9 is L; "y is An integer "1-4" has the same meaning as "y is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4";
  • R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, (C 1 -C 8 )-linear or (C 3 -C 8 )-branched alkyl, -CH 2 OH, -CH(CH 3 ) OH, -(CH 2 ) 2 -S-CH 3 and -CH 2 -R 11 ;
  • R 11 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 3-indenyl,
  • the configuration of amino acid 6 is D or L type, and the configuration of amino acid 7 is L type;
  • R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of -OH, -NH 2 , -F, -Cl , -Br, -CN, -NO 2 , -CF 3 , CH 3 O-, CH 3 CH 2 O-, (C 1 -C 4 )-straight chain or (C 3 -C 4 )-branched alkyl , phenyl, benzyl, benzoyl
  • the linear alkyl group may be methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexane, heptyl, octyl or nonyl; the branched alkyl may be isopropyl or tert-butyl Base, isobutyl, sec-butyl, 5-methylhexane, 5-methylheptyl, 6-methylheptyl, 6-methyloctyl, such as (S)-5- Heptoheptyl.
  • z is an integer of 0-3, the configuration of the 4-position amino acid is L-form, and "z is an integer of 0-3" has the same meaning as "z is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3.”
  • the polymyxin derivative comprises a group selected from the group consisting of the following compounds 1 to 152:
  • R 10 is phenyl, or phenyl para position by a (C 1 -C 4) connected to the R 10 in the form of O - linear substituted phenyl, for example phenyl R 10 is connected to the para form O a phenyl group substituted with CH 3 ; a hydroxy-substituted (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl group such as 2-hydroxy-5-methylheptylalkyl;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH
  • the configuration of the amino acid at position 3 is L-form
  • R 5 is -CH 2 -R 11 ;
  • R 11 is phenyl;
  • the configuration of the 6-position amino acid is D-type
  • R 6 is (C 3 -C 8 )-branched alkyl, such as isobutyl;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, for example 2;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH
  • R 10 is a phenyl group in which a phenyl group formed by linking with R 10 is substituted with a (C 1 -C 4 )-linear chain, for example, a phenyl group formed by O bonded to R 10 is substituted with CH 3 Phenyl group;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH
  • the configuration of the amino acid at position 3 is L-form
  • R 5 is -CH 2 -R 11 ;
  • R 11 is phenyl;
  • the configuration of the 6-position amino acid is D-type
  • R 6 is (C 3 -C 8) - branched alkyl, e.g. isobutyl;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, for example 2;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH.
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl, for example 5-A Heptoheptyl, (S)-5-methylheptanyl;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH
  • the configuration of the amino acid at position 3 is L-form
  • R 5 is -CH 2 -R 11 ;
  • R 11 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 12 is selected from the group consisting of -NH 2 , -OH, -CN, -NO 2 , -F, -Cl, -Br, -CF 3 , CH 3 -O-, CH 3 -CH 2 -O- , (C 3 -C 4 )-branched alkyl, -benzyl, -benzoyl;
  • R 13 and R 14 are selected from the group consisting of H, -F, -Cl, -Br;
  • the configuration of the 6-position amino acid is D-type
  • R 6 is (C 3 -C 8 )-branched alkyl, such as isobutyl;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, for example 2;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH
  • Compound 12 is not included.
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl, for example 5-A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof Heptoheptyl, (S)-5-methylheptanyl;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH
  • the configuration of the amino acid at position 3 is L-form
  • R 5 is -CH 2 -R 11;
  • R 11 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 12 is selected from the group consisting of -NH 2 , -CN, -NO 2 , -F, -Cl, -Br, -CF 3 , CH 3 -O-, CH 3 -CH 2 -O-, (C 3 -C 4 )-branched alkyl, -benzyl, -benzoyl;
  • R 13 and R 14 are selected from the group consisting of H, -F, -Cl, -Br;
  • the configuration of the 6-position amino acid is D-type
  • R 6 is (C 3 -C 8 )-branched alkyl, such as isobutyl;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, for example 2;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH.
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl, for example 5-A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof Heptylalkyl, 5-methylhexane, (S)-5-methylheptyl, (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl, such as hexane, heptyl, octyl ;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, for example (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 5 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 3 -C 8 )-branched alkyl, such as isobutyl, -CH(CH 3 )OH, such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH, amino acid 6
  • the configuration is D or L type;
  • R 6 is -CH(CH 3 )OH, such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 7 -C 12) - branched alkyl, e.g. methyl 5- Heptylalkyl, 5-methylhexane, (S)-5-methylheptyl, (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl, such as hexane, heptyl, octyl ;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, for example (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • the configuration of the amino acid at position 3 is L-form
  • R 5 is selected from the group consisting of -CH 2 -R 11 , R 11 is phenyl; (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • the configuration of the 6-position amino acid is D or L type
  • R 6 is (C 3 -C 8) - branched alkyl, e.g. sec-butyl, isobutyl;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 ) y -, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, for example (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl, for example 5-A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof Heptylalkyl, 5-methylhexane, (S)-5-methylheptyl, (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl, such as hexane, heptyl, octyl ;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, for example (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 3 is -CH 2 OH, and the configuration of the amino acid at position 3 is D;
  • R 5 is (C 3 -C 8 )-branched alkyl, such as isobutyl, and the configuration of amino acid 6 is D;
  • R 6 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, for example 2; -CH 2 OH;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, for example 2; -CH 2 OH;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, for example (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl, such as hexane, heptyl, (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl, for example 5-methylglycol Alkyl, 5-methylhexane, 6-methylheptyl, (S)-5-methylheptyl;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, for example, (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 5 is (C 3 -C 8 )-branched alkyl, such as isobutyl, and the configuration of amino acid 6 is D;
  • R 6 is (C 1 -C 8 )-linear, such as propyl or (C 3 -C 8 )-branched alkyl, such as isobutyl, sec-butyl or isopropyl;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl, such as hexane, heptyl, octyl, (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl, for example 5 -methylheptyl, 5-methylhexane, (S)-5-methylheptyl;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, for example -CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • the configuration of the amino acid at position 3 is L-form
  • R 5 is (C 3 -C 8 )-branched alkyl, for example isobutyl;
  • the configuration of the 6-position amino acid is D-type
  • R 6 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, for example (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl, such as hexane, heptyl, octyl, (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl, for example 5 -methylheptyl, 5-methylhexane, (S)-5-methylheptyl;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, for example (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 3 is -CH 2 OH, and the configuration of the amino acid at position 3 is D;
  • R 5 is -CH 2 -R 11 ;
  • R 11 is phenyl;
  • the configuration of the 6-position amino acid is D-type
  • R 6 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, for example (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl, for example, hexane, heptyl, octyl, (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl, for example 5-methylheptyl, 5-methylhexane, (S)-5-methylheptyl;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH or -CH 2 OH, for example (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • the configuration of the amino acid at position 3 is L-form
  • R 5 is -CH 2 -R 11 ;
  • R 11 is phenyl;
  • the configuration of the 6-position amino acid is D-type
  • R 6 is (C 3 -C 8 )-branched alkyl, for example isobutyl;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; or -CH 2 OH;
  • R 9 is (C 3 -C 4 )-branched alkyl, for example isobutyl
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl, such as heptyl, hexane, octyl, (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl, for example 5 -methylheptyl, (S)-5-methylheptyl, 5-methylhexane;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • the configuration of the amino acid at position 3 is L-form
  • R 5 is -CH 2 -R 11 ;
  • R 11 is phenyl;
  • the configuration of the 6-position amino acid is L-form
  • R 6 is -CH(CH 3 )OH such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, for example 2;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH.
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl, such as heptyl, hexane, octyl, (C 7 -C 12 )-branched alkyl, for example 5 -methylheptyl, 5-methylhexane, (S)-5-methylheptyl;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 5 is -CH 2 -R 11 ;
  • R 11 is phenyl;
  • the configuration of the 6-position amino acid is D-type
  • R 6 is -CH(CH 3 )OH such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, for example 2;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • R 0 is selected from the group consisting of: (C 6 -C 11 )-linear alkyl groups, such as heptyl groups;
  • R 2 is -CH(CH 3 )OH such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH;
  • the configuration of the amino acid at position 3 is L-form
  • R 5 is -CH 2 -R 11 ;
  • R 11 is phenyl;
  • the configuration of the 6-position amino acid is D-type
  • R 6 is (C 3 -C 8 )-branched alkyl, for example isobutyl;
  • R 7 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 1;
  • R 8 is NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 2; NH 2 -(CH 2 )y-, y is an integer from 1 to 4, such as 1;
  • R 9 is -CH(CH 3 )OH such as (R)-CH(CH 3 )OH.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula I comprises a compound of the formula I and an acid a salt selected from the group consisting of inorganic or organic acids, wherein the inorganic acid is, for example, perchloric acid, hydroiodic acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid or phosphoric acid;
  • the acid is, for example, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, methanesulfonic acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid.
  • ring (4-10) refers to a heptapeptide ring which is bonded to the side chain amino group of the 4-position basic amino acid via an amide bond, a terminal carboxyl group at position 10, and has a structure as shown in Formula I and Formula II.
  • D The configuration of the D-amino acid is indicated by D.
  • D The configuration of the D-amino acid is indicated by D.
  • Dab represents ⁇ , ⁇ -diaminobutyric acid
  • Nva represents orthoproline
  • Dap represents ⁇ , ⁇ -diaminopropionic acid.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the formula I according to the invention include the salts of the compounds of the formula I with acids, the acids being selected from the group consisting of inorganic or organic acids, wherein the mineral acids, for example high chlorine Acid, hydroiodic acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid or phosphoric acid; the organic acid such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, Fumaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, methanesulfonic acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid.
  • the acids being selected from the group consisting of inorganic or organic acids, wherein the mineral acids, for example high chlorine Acid, hydroiodic acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid or phosphoric acid; the organic acid such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, Fumaric acid
  • the present invention also provides a novel method for solid phase synthesis of a polymyxin derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the method comprises the steps of: solid phase condensation, solid phase cyclization to prepare a polymyxin derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising the steps of:
  • Fmoc-AA-OP side chain free amino group is reacted with a halogenated resin to obtain Fmoc-AA-OP-resin; wherein P is a carboxyl protecting group, for example, allyl, benzyl (Bn); when Fmoc-AA-OP is Fmoc-Dab-OP, its structure is as shown in Formula III: When Fmoc-AA-OP is Fmoc-Dap-OP, its structure is as shown in Formula IV:
  • the crude cyclic polypeptide is purified and/or transferred to a salt, and lyophilized to obtain a pure cyclic polypeptide.
  • the halogenated resin described in the step (1) is selected from the group consisting of trityl chloride resin, 4-methyltrityl chloride resin, 4-methoxytrityl chloride resin, 2- Chlorotrityl chloride resin, bromine-(4-methylphenyl)-methyl resin or bromo-(4-methoxyphenyl)-methyl resin, for example, the resin is 2-chlorotrityl Chlorine resin.
  • the degree of substitution of the halogenated resin is from 0.1 to 1.6 mmol/g, and for example, the degree of substitution is from 0.5 to 1.0 mmol/g.
  • the amount of each Fmoc-protected amino acid is from 1.2 to 6 times, for example from 2.0 to 3.5 times, the total moles of the resin charged.
  • the base is selected from the group consisting of at least one of N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA), triethylamine (TEA), and pyridine, for example, DIEA; the molar amount of the base is Fmoc - 1.5-3 of the protected amino acid molar amount
  • DIEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • TEA triethylamine
  • pyridine for example, DIEA
  • the molar amount of the base is Fmoc - 1.5-3 of the protected amino acid molar amount
  • the doubling for example, is twice the molar amount of the Fmoc-protected amino acid.
  • the substitution reaction time is 1-12 h, for example, 2-3 h.
  • the reagent for removing the ⁇ -amino Fmoc protecting group in the step (2) includes, but is not limited to, a solution of piperidine (PIP) in DMF, and a solution having a concentration of 10-30% PIP in DMF, for example, a concentration of 20%.
  • PIP piperidine
  • the deprotecting agent is used in an amount of 5 to 15 mL per gram of the resin to be charged, for example, 10 mL per gram of the resin.
  • the deprotection reaction time is 10-60 min, for example, 10-20 min.
  • the reagent for removing the 4-position amino acid side chain amino group ivDde or Dde protecting group includes, but is not limited to, a solution of hydrazine hydrate in DMF, and a solution having a concentration of 1-10% hydrazine hydrate in DMF, for example, a concentration of 2%.
  • the deprotecting agent is used in an amount of 5 to 15 mL per gram of the resin to be charged, for example, 10 mL per gram of the resin.
  • the deprotection reaction time is 30-100 min, for example, 30-60 min.
  • the coupling agent in the coupling reaction is selected from the group consisting of N,N-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), benzotriazole-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU), 6 -Chlorobenzotriazole-1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate (HCTU), 2-(7-azobenzotriazole)-N,N,N',N '-Tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate (HATU), O-benzotriazole-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate (TBTU), benzotriazole- 1-Methoxy-oxytripyrroli
  • the coupling agent is used in a molar amount of from 1.2 to 6 times, for example from 2.0 to 3.5 times, based on the total moles of the charged resin.
  • the activator is selected from the group consisting of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBT), 6-chloro-1-hydroxybenzotriazole (Cl-HOBT), 1-hydroxy-7-azobenzotriazine
  • HOBT 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
  • Cl-HOBT 6-chloro-1-hydroxybenzotriazole
  • HOAT 1-hydroxy-7-azobenzotriazine
  • HOAT 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
  • the activator is used in a molar amount of from 1.2 to 6 times, for example from 2.0 to 3.5 times, based on the total moles of the charged resin.
  • the coupling reaction time is 60-300 min, for example, 60-120 min.
  • the catalyst is an organic base selected from the group consisting of N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA), triethylamine (TEA), N-methyl.
  • DIEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • TAA triethylamine
  • N-methyl N-methyl.
  • the porphyrin (NMM) for example, is N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA).
  • the solvent is an aprotic polar solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide (DMF) or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or mixtures thereof, for example, DMF.
  • DMF dimethylformamide
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the reagent for removing the allyl protecting group of the carboxyl group in the step (3) is a solution of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium/phenylsilane in DCM and DMF (DCM: mixed solution of DMF in a volume ratio of 5:5).
  • the tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium is used in a molar amount of 0.1 to 2 times, for example, 0.1 to 0.3 times the total moles of the resin to be charged.
  • the phenylsilane molar amount is 2 to 10 times, for example, 3-5 times the total moles of the resin to be charged.
  • the deprotecting agent is used in an amount of 10 to 30 mL per gram of the resin to be charged, for example, 20 mL per gram of the resin.
  • the deprotection reaction time is 60-300 min, for example, 60-120 min.
  • the reagent for decarboxylation of the benzyl benzyl protecting group is H 2 , 10% Pd/C ethanol solution, and the 10% Pd/C molar amount is 0.1 to 2 times, for example, 0.1 to 0.3 times the total moles of the charged resin.
  • the deprotection reaction time is 30-100 min, for example, 30-60 min.
  • the solid phase cycl coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of: (3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yloxy)tri-1-pyrrolidinium hexafluorophosphate Phosphate (PyAOP), benzotriazol-1-yl-oxytripyrrolidinium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP), for example, (3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b Pyridine-3-oxy)tri-1-pyrrolidinium hexafluorophosphate (PyAOP).
  • the coupling agent is used in a molar amount of from 1.2 to 6 times, for example from 2.0 to 3.5 times, based on the total moles of the charged resin.
  • the activator is selected from the group consisting of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBT), 1-hydroxy-7-azobenzotriazole (HOAT), for example, 1-hydroxy-7-azobenzo Triazole (HOAT).
  • the activator is used in a molar amount of from 1.2 to 6 times, for example from 2.0 to 3.5 times, based on the total moles of the charged resin.
  • the cyclization reaction time is from 1 to 20 h, for example, from 1 to 3 h.
  • the catalyst is an organic base selected from the group consisting of N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA), triethylamine (TEA), N-methylmorpholine (NMM), for example, N-methyl Morpholine (NMM).
  • DIEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • TAA triethylamine
  • NMM N-methylmorpholine
  • NMM N-methyl Morpholine
  • the solvent is an aprotic polar solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide (DMF) or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or mixtures thereof, for example, DMF.
  • DMF dimethylformamide
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the acid solution in the step (4) is an acidolysis solution containing hydrofluoric acid (HF) or trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), for example, trifluoroacetic acid.
  • HF hydrofluoric acid
  • TFA trifluoroacetic acid
  • the amount of the acid solution is 5-30 mL per gram of the resin to be charged, for example, 10 mL per gram of the resin.
  • the acidolysis solution comprises trifluoroacetic acid and a side chain protecting group remover.
  • the concentration of trifluoroacetic acid is 80%-95%, and the rest is a side chain protecting group remover.
  • the side chain protecting group remover is selected from the group consisting of thioanisole, triisopropylsilane, phenol, water, 1,2-ethanedithiol, for example, water.
  • the acid hydrolysis time is 60-300 min, for example, 100-120 min.
  • the acid hydrolyzed solution containing the polypeptide was added to cold ether (the ratio of the acid hydrolyzate to cold diethyl ether was 1:20), and the peptide was precipitated, centrifuged, and dried to obtain a crude peptide.
  • the crude peptide in step (5) is dissolved in water, filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter, purified by preparative high performance liquid chromatography, using mobile phase A 0.1% TFA/water solution, mobile phase B 0.1% TFA/acetonitrile solution, gradient Elution, detection wavelength 215 nm, the product was dried by lyophilization.
  • the final purity achievable by this method is greater than 95%, for example greater than 99%.
  • the preparation of the Fmoc-AA-OP-resin is carried out, for example, by adding a halogenated resin to the polypeptide solid phase synthesis tube, adding DCM to swell, swelling is completed, washing three times with DMF, and washing three times with DCM.
  • the protected starting amino acid Fmoc-AA-OP and DIEA were dissolved in DCM and added to the peptide synthesis tube.
  • the reaction was carried out for 2 h at room temperature.
  • the reaction solution was removed in vacuo.
  • the resin was washed three times with DMF and three times with DCM to give Fmoc-AA- OP-resin.
  • the coupling synthesis method comprises the Fmoc-AA-OP-resin obtained by the reaction of the step (1), and the treatment with 20% piperidine/DMF (2 times, 10 minutes each time) to remove the ⁇ -amino Fmoc protection.
  • the base was washed three times with DMF and washed three times with DCM.
  • the amino acid or side chain carboxylic acid (R 0 -COOH), DIC and HOBT were dissolved in DMF and added to the peptide synthesis tube.
  • the reaction was carried out for 120 min at room temperature, and the reaction solution was vacuumed. DMF was washed three times and DCM was washed three times.
  • the starting amino acid i.e., the amino acid at the x position, x is 5 or 8 or 9
  • the side chain carboxylic acid is then coupled to the protected polypeptide-resin.
  • the ivDde or Dde protecting group of the amino acid side chain amino group at position 4 was removed with 2% hydrazine hydrate/DMF solution (30 min), washed three times with DMF, and washed three times with DCM to couple the amino acid carboxyl group at position 10 to the amino acid side chain amino group at position 4; Coupling from the 10 amino acid one by one to the first amino acid of the starting amino acid (x+1 amino acid) gives a linear fully protected polypeptide-resin.
  • the one-by-one coupling sequence comprises two parts, the first part being the starting amino acid (ie the amino acid at position x, x being 5 or 8 or 9) to the amino acid at position 1 and then to the side chain carboxylic acid, the second part being from From amino acid 10 to amino acid (x+1).
  • the first part is in order from amino acid 8 to amino acid, then to the side chain carboxylic acid, and the second part is only the 10 amino acid; if x is 8, then the first part is in order from amino acid 7 to amino acid 1 And to the side chain carboxylic acid, the second part of the sequence is from amino acid 10 to amino acid 9; if x is 5, then the first part of the order is 4 amino acid to 1 amino acid, then to the side chain carboxylic acid, the second part The order is from amino acid 10 to amino acid 6.
  • a specific method for selectively removing the protecting group and solid phase cycling is, for example, the following operation: treating the linearly protected polypeptide-resin in the step (2) with 20% piperidine/DMF (2 times, each After 10 min), the ⁇ -amino Fmoc protecting group was removed, washed three times with DMF and washed three times with DCM to form a free amino group; a solution of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium/phenylsilane in DCM and DMF (DCM:DMF volume ratio) A 5:5 mixed solution) was decarboxylated with a allylic protecting group (120 min) to form a free carboxyl group.
  • a specific method of the crude cyclic basic polypeptide obtained by acid hydrolysis is as follows: an acid hydrolysis solution (TFA:H 2 O volume ratio of 95:5) is added to the polypeptide synthesis tube, and the reaction is carried out at room temperature. After 120 min, the acid solution was added to cold ether (the ratio of TFA lysate to cold ether was 1:20), and the peptide was precipitated, centrifuged, and dried to obtain a crude peptide.
  • the crude product is purified, transferred to salt, and lyophilized, for example, as follows: the crude product is dissolved in water, filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter, and prepared by preparative high performance liquid chromatography with a reversed C18 chromatographic packing of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the final purity achievable by this method is greater than 95.0%, for example greater than 99.0%.
  • the yield was greater than 40.0% based on the resin.
  • the present invention prepares a new derivative of polymyxin molecular amino group or hydrophobicity, and the compound of the present invention is easily prepared according to the chemical synthesis method described above, and the clinically used polymyxin B and colistin (polymyxin) E) is a multi-component mixture obtained by a bacterial fermentation process.
  • the present invention also provides the polymyxin derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as an antibacterial agent against Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria.
  • Pharmaceutical-related Gram-negative bacteria include Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Salmonella, Moraxella, Helicobacter, Legionella, Haemophilus influenzae, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, sticky Serratia marcescens, Morganella morganii, Providentia rettgeri, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, malt Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Citrobacter freundii, and the like.
  • Pharmaceutical-related Gram-positive bacteria include Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, and
  • Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumanii.
  • Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus.
  • the present invention also provides a polymyxin derivative having a higher antibacterial activity and a lower renal cytotoxicity than the clinically used polymyxin B and colistin (polymyxin E) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the renal cells are selected from the group consisting of human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells), human embryonic kidney epithelial cells (HEK293 cells), African green monkey kidney cells (Vero cells), canine kidney cells (MDCK cells), for example , African green monkey kidney cells (Vero cells).
  • the present invention also provides an antibacterial pharmaceutical composition
  • an antibacterial pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a polymyxin derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, which may be the compound itself or a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, diluent, etc.
  • the mixture is administered orally in the form of a tablet, capsule, granule, powder or syrup, or parenterally in the form of an injection, a spray, an aerosol, an ointment or an eye drop.
  • excipients and diluents include excipients (e.g., saccharide derivatives such as lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and sorbitol; starch derivatives such as corn starch, potato starch, dextrin, and carboxy Methyl starch; cellulose derivatives such as crystalline cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, calcium hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose; gum arabic; dextran; silicate derivatives such as Magnesium aluminum metasilicate, phosphate derivatives such as calcium phosphate; carbonate derivatives such as calcium carbonate; sulfate derivatives such as calcium sulfate; and binders such as gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol; Disintegrators (such as cellulose derivatives such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone); lubric, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol,
  • P 1 represents: tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc)
  • P 2 represents: 1-(4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohex-1-ylidene)-ethyl (Dde), 1-(4,4-dimethyl-2,6 -dioxan-1-yl)-3-methylbutyl (ivDde)
  • P 3 represents: tert-butyl (tBu)
  • Fmoc stands for: 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl
  • the method Compared with the existing synthetic methods, the method has wide application range, is green and environmentally friendly, and has high purity of the crude peptide, and is easy to be separated and purified, and the total yield is as high as 40%.
  • the sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid addition reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, 6-methoxyhexanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, 6-methoxyhexanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, 6-methoxyhexanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 530 mg in a yield of 89.0%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water, filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter, and purified by preparative high performance liquid chromatography.
  • the chromatographic packing was 10 ⁇ m reverse phase C18, mobile phase A 0.1% TFA/water solution, mobile phase B 0.1% TFA/acetonitrile.
  • sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid addition reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, N,N-dimethylaminopentanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu- OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, N,N-dimethylaminopentanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)- OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, N,N-dimethylaminopenta Acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 530 mg in a yield of 89.1%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water, filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter, and prepared by preparative high performance liquid chromatography with 10 ⁇ m reverse phase C18, mobile phase A 0.1% TFA/water solution, mobile phase B 0.1% TFA/acetonitrile solution.
  • the sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid addition reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, 3-oxooctanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc- D-Phe-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, 3-oxooctanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc- Dab(Boc)-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, 3-oxooctanoic acid, Fmoc- Thr(tBu)-OH
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 540 mg, and the yield was 89.8%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter. Prepared for high performance liquid chromatography with 10 ⁇ m reverse phase C18, mobile phase A 0.1% TFA/water solution, mobile phase B 0.1% TFA/acetonitrile solution.
  • the sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid addition reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, 4-(phenoxy)benzoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, 4-(phenoxy)benzoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)- OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, 4-(phenoxy)benzene Formic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
  • Formyl-Dab-Thr-Dab-loop (4-10) [Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr].
  • the crude peptide was 570 mg, and the yield was 90.5%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter. Prepared for high performance liquid chromatography with 10 ⁇ m reverse phase C18, mobile phase A 0.1% TFA/water solution, mobile phase B 0.1% TFA/acetonitrile solution.
  • sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid addition reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, (S)-6-methyloctanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu- OH, Fmoc-D-Phe(4-Cl)-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe(4-Cl)-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Boc)- OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, (S)-6-methyloctanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
  • the order of addition of the three protective amino acids and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe(4-Cl)-OH , Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, (S)- 6-methyloctanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 560 mg in a yield of 90.5%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter.
  • sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid addition reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, (S)-6-methyloctanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu- OH, Fmoc-D-Phe(4-CH 3 )-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe(4-CH 3 )-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Boc) -OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, (S)-6-methyloctanoic acid, Fmoc -Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe(4-CH 3 ) -OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, (S )-6-methyloctanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 550 mg in a yield of 90.3%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter.
  • sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid addition reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-D-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)- OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc -D-Leu-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-D-Leu-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-D-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc -Dab(Boc)-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-D-Leu-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-D-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc -Thr(tBu)-OH
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 520 mg in a yield of 91.0%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter.
  • sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid addition reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe- OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc) -OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu) -OH
  • -Dab-loop (4-10) [Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr].
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 540 mg in a yield of 90.8%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter.
  • the sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid added to the reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-D-Ser(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)- OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc -D-Leu-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-D-Leu-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-D-Ser(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc -Dab(Boc)-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-D-Leu-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Ser(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc -Thr(tBu)-OH
  • -D-Ser-Ring (4-10) [Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr].
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 510 mg in a yield of 90.2%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter.
  • sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid addition reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Leu- OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Leu-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc) -OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Leu-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu) -OH
  • -Dab-loop (4-10) [Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr].
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 540 mg in a yield of 93.5%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter.
  • Example 11 Preparation of octanoyl-Dab-Thr-Dab-cyclo(4-10) [Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr] (Compound 104)
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthesis route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-D-Leu-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-D-Leu-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Boc)-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-D-Leu-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr (tBu)-OH
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 525 mg in a yield of 91.8%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter.
  • the sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid added to the reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-D-Ser(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)- OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc -D-Phe-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-D-Ser(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Thr( tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Ser(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc -Thr(tBu)-OH
  • -D-Ser-Ring (4-10) [Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr].
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 530 mg in a yield of 91.0%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter.
  • sequence of the protected amino acid and side chain carboxylic acid addition reaction is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab (Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
  • the order of addition of the protected amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid to the synthetic route is: Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-D-Phe-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH, octanoic acid, Fmoc-Leu-OH
  • -Dab-loop (4-10) [Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Leu].
  • the crude peptide was obtained in 550 mg, and the yield was 91.6%.
  • the crude peptide was dissolved in water and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter. Prepared for high performance liquid chromatography with 10 ⁇ m reverse phase C18, mobile phase A 0.1% TFA/water solution, mobile phase B 0.1% TFA/acetonitrile solution.
  • the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by a plate double dilution method and a multi-point inoculum according to the CLSI recommended method.
  • the compound of the present invention for example, the compound prepared in the examples
  • the reference substance are diluted twice with the broth into various desired concentrations, and the appropriate amount is added to the plate, and the agar medium is melted, and then quantitatively injected into the plate containing the drug solution, and mixed.
  • the final concentrations of the compounds of the invention (e.g., the compounds prepared in the Examples) and the control are 0.03, 0.06, 0.125, 0.25...128 ⁇ g/mL, respectively.
  • the test bacteria are supplemented with nutrient broth, brain heart infusion or HTM broth overnight.
  • the bacterial solution is diluted appropriately, and the test bacteria are inoculated with a multi-point inoculator (inoculation amount of 10 4 CFU/dot) on the surface of the drug-containing agar.
  • a multi-point inoculator inoculation amount of 10 4 CFU/dot
  • the culture was observed at 35 ° C for 18-24 hours, and the minimum concentration of the compound of the present invention (for example, the compound prepared in the example) and the control contained in the aseptically grown plate was MIC.
  • the strains used in the antibacterial activity experiments were from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and clinical isolates.
  • the strains used for the antibacterial activity experiments included Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 (NDM-1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606, and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228.
  • Test article a polymyxin derivative prepared according to the technical scheme of the present invention.
  • Control polymyxin B sulfate and colistin (polymyxin E sulfate).
  • African green monkey kidney cells (Vero cells) were cultured in MEM medium (Hyclone), and 10% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen) was added before use, and cultured at 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 .
  • the logarithmic growth phase cells were counted, counted after digestion, and the cells were seeded in a 96-well culture plate. After incubation for 24 h to be adherent, cells were treated with a concentration gradient of a compound of the invention (e.g., a compound prepared in the Examples) and a control. After 72 h, the culture solution was removed, and 100 ⁇ L of MTT reagent at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml was added, and the medium was removed after incubating for 3 hours in a 37 ° C incubator. 150 ⁇ L of DMSO solvent was added to each well, and the mixture was shaken for 3 minutes, and the absorbance value (A) at 570 nm was measured with a microplate reader.
  • a compound of the invention e.g., a compound prepared in the Examples
  • Cell viability % (dosing cell A - background A) / (control cell A - background A) x 100%. The average of 3 parallel wells was taken for each test point, and the inhibition curve was plotted to calculate the IC 50 value.
  • the African green monkey kidney cells (Vero cells) used in the experiment were from the Cell Resource Center of the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
  • Vero cell 4 109.61 ⁇ 9.08 5 93.70 ⁇ 7.38 11 166.38 ⁇ 15.67 13 185.75 ⁇ 11.31 30 144.90 ⁇ 12.09 31 287.90 ⁇ 23.28 42 71.29 ⁇ 6.08
  • the partially polymyxin derivative prepared by the invention has low nephrotoxicity and high antibacterial activity, and is completely possible to become a new class of clinical antibiotics.
  • polymyxin derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to the embodiment 1, wherein the polymyxin derivative is selected from the group consisting of Compounds 1 to 152, excluding Compounds 8, 10 , 12, 30, 31, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 58, 59, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 82, 86, 102, 103, 115 , 127, 128, 143, 144.
  • inorganic acid is, for example, perchloric acid, hydroiodic acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid or phosphoric acid
  • Organic acids such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid,
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a polymyxin derivative according to any one of embodiments 1 to 21, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient .
  • polymyxin derivative according to any one of embodiments 1 to 19, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the antibacterial agent of Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria.
  • polymyxin derivative is selected from the group consisting of Compounds 1 to 152.
  • Fmoc-AA-OP side chain free amino group and halogenated resin are reacted to obtain Fmoc-AA-OP-resin;
  • P is a carboxyl protecting group, for example, allyl group, benzyl group;
  • the crude cyclic polypeptide is purified and/or transferred to a salt, and lyophilized to obtain a pure cyclic polypeptide.
  • the halogenated resin described in the step (1) is selected from the group consisting of trityl chloride resin, 4-methyltrityl chloride resin, 4-methoxytrityl chloride resin, 2- Chlorotrityl chloride resin, bromine-(4-methylphenyl)-methyl resin or bromo-(4-methoxyphenyl)-methyl resin, for example, 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin ;
  • the degree of substitution of the halogenated resin is from 0.1 to 1.6 mmol/g, for example, the degree of substitution is from 0.5 to 1.0 mmol/g;
  • the amount of each Fmoc-protected amino acid is 1.2-6 times, for example 2.0-3.5 times, of the total moles of the charged resin;
  • the base is selected from the group consisting of at least one of N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA), triethylamine (TEA), and pyridine, for example, DIEA;
  • DIEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • TEA triethylamine
  • pyridine for example, DIEA
  • the molar amount of the base is Fmoc - 1.5 to 3 times the molar amount of the protected amino acid, for example, 2 times the molar amount of the Fmoc-protected amino acid;
  • the substitution reaction time is 1-12 h, for example, 2-3 h;
  • the reagent for removing the ⁇ -amino Fmoc protecting group in the step (2) includes, but is not limited to, a solution of piperidine (PIP) in DMF, and a solution having a concentration of 10-30% PIP in DMF, for example, a concentration of 20%;
  • PIP piperidine
  • the amount of the deprotecting agent used is 5-15 mL per gram of the resin to be charged, for example, 10 mL per gram of the resin;
  • the deprotection reaction time is 10-60 min, for example, 10-20 min;
  • the reagent for removing the 4-position amino acid side chain amino group ivDde or Dde protecting group includes, but is not limited to, a solution of hydrazine hydrate in DMF, a solution having a concentration of 1-10% hydrazine hydrate in DMF, for example, a concentration of 2%;
  • the deprotecting agent is used in an amount of 5 to 15 mL per gram of the resin to be charged, for example, 10 mL per gram of the resin.
  • the deprotection reaction time is 30-100 min, for example, 30-60 min;
  • the coupling agent in the coupling reaction is selected from the group consisting of N,N-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), benzotriazole-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU), 6 -Chlorobenzotriazole-1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate (HCTU), 2-(7-azobenzotriazole)-N,N,N',N '-Tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate (HATU), O-benzotriazole-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate (TBTU), benzotriazole- 1-yl-oxytripyrrolidin
  • the coupling agent is used in a molar amount of 1.2 to 6 times, for example, 2.0 to 3.5 times the total moles of the charged resin;
  • the activator is selected from the group consisting of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBT), 6-chloro-1-hydroxybenzotriazole (Cl-HOBT), 1-hydroxy-7-azobenzotriazine
  • HOBT 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
  • Cl-HOBT 6-chloro-1-hydroxybenzotriazole
  • HOAT 1-hydroxy-7-azobenzotriazine
  • HOAT 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
  • the activator is used in a molar amount of 1.2 to 6 times, for example, 2.0 to 3.5 times the total moles of the charged resin;
  • the coupling reaction time is 60-300 min, for example, 60-120 min;
  • the catalyst is an organic base selected from the group consisting of N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA), triethylamine (TEA), N-methyl.
  • DIEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • TEA triethylamine
  • NMM porphyrin
  • DIEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • the solvent is an aprotic polar solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide (DMF) or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or mixtures thereof, for example, DMF.
  • DMF dimethylformamide
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the reagent for removing the allyl protecting group of the carboxyl group in the step (3) is a solution of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium/phenylsilane in DCM and DMF (DCM: mixed solution of DMF in a volume ratio of 5:5);
  • the tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium is used in a molar amount of 0.1 to 2 times, for example, 0.1 to 0.3 times the total moles of the charged resin;
  • the amount of phenylsilane used is 2-10 times the total moles of the charged resin, for example, 3-5 times;
  • the amount of the deprotecting agent used is 10-30 mL per gram of the resin to be charged, for example, 20 mL per gram of the resin;
  • the deprotection reaction time is 60-300 min, for example, 60-120 min;
  • the reagent for decarboxylation of the benzyl benzyl protecting group is H 2 , 10% Pd/C ethanol solution, and the 10% Pd/C molar amount is 0.1-2 times, for example, 0.1-0.3 times, of the total moles of the charged resin;
  • the deprotection reaction time is 30-100 min, for example, 30-60 min;
  • the solid phase cycl coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of: (3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yloxy)tri-1-pyrrolidinium hexafluorophosphate Phosphate (PyAOP), benzotriazol-1-yl-oxytripyrrolidinium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP), for example, (3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b Pyridine-3-oxy)tri-1-pyrrolidinium hexafluorophosphate (PyAOP);
  • the coupling agent is used in a molar amount of 1.2 to 6 times, for example, 2.0 to 3.5 times the total moles of the charged resin;
  • the activator is selected from the group consisting of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBT), 1-hydroxy-7-azobenzotriazole (HOAT), for example, 1-hydroxy-7-azobenzo Triazole (HOAT);
  • the activator is used in a molar amount of 1.2 to 6 times, for example, 2.0 to 3.5 times the total moles of the charged resin;
  • the cyclization reaction time is 1-20h, for example, 1-3h;
  • the catalyst is an organic base selected from the group consisting of N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA), triethylamine (TEA), N-methylmorpholine (NMM), for example, N-methyl Morpholine (NMM);
  • DIEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • TAA triethylamine
  • NMM N-methylmorpholine
  • NMM N-methyl Morpholine
  • the solvent is an aprotic polar solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide (DMF) or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or mixtures thereof, for example, DMF.
  • DMF dimethylformamide
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the acid solution in the step (4) is an acid solution containing hydrofluoric acid (HF) or trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), for example, trifluoroacetic acid;
  • HF hydrofluoric acid
  • TFA trifluoroacetic acid
  • the amount of the acid solution is 5-30 mL per gram of the resin to be charged, for example, 10 mL per gram of the resin.
  • the acid hydrolysis solution comprises trifluoroacetic acid and a side chain protecting group remover;
  • the concentration of trifluoroacetic acid is 80%-95%, and the rest is a side chain protecting group remover;
  • a side chain protecting group remover selected from the group consisting of thioanisole, triisopropylsilane, phenol, water, 1,2-ethanedithiol, for example, water;
  • the acid hydrolysis time is 60-300 min, for example, 100-120 min;
  • the acid hydrolyzed solution containing the polypeptide was added to cold ether (the ratio of the acid hydrolyzate to cold diethyl ether was 1:20), and the peptide was precipitated, centrifuged, and dried to obtain a crude peptide.
  • step (5) The crude peptide in step (5) is dissolved in water, filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter, purified by preparative high performance liquid chromatography, using mobile phase A 0.1% TFA/water solution, mobile phase B 0.1% TFA/acetonitrile solution, gradient Elution, detection wavelength 215 nm, the product was dried by lyophilization.
  • the preparation of the Fmoc-AA-OP-resin is carried out, for example, by adding a halogenated resin to the polypeptide solid phase synthesis tube, adding DCM to swell, swelling is completed, washing three times with DMF, and washing three times with DCM.
  • Protected starting amino acid Fmoc-AA-OP ie, amino acid at position x, x is 5 or 8 or 9
  • DIEA dissolved in DCM and added to the peptide synthesis tube, reacted at room temperature for 2 h, vacuumed the reaction solution, and used the resin.
  • the DMF was washed three times and washed three times with DCM to obtain Fmoc-AA-OP-resin.
  • step (2)
  • the order of addition of the amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid in the coupling reaction is 7 amino acid, 6 amino acid, 5 amino acid, 4 amino acid, 3 amino acid, 2 amino acid, 1 amino acid, side chain.
  • the order of addition of the amino acid and the side chain carboxylic acid in the coupling reaction is 8-position amino acid, 7-position amino acid, 6-position amino acid, 5-position amino acid, 4-position amino acid, 3-position amino acid, 2-position amino acid, and 1-position.
  • the coupling synthesis method includes:
  • Step (2)-1 The Fmoc-AA-OP-resin obtained by the reaction of the step (1) is treated twice with 20% piperidine/DMF for 10 min each time, thereby removing the ⁇ -amino Fmoc protecting group and washing with DMF. Three times, DCM was washed three times. The amino acid of x-1, DIC and HOBT were dissolved in DMF and added to the peptide synthesis tube. The reaction was carried out for 120 min at room temperature. The reaction solution was vacuumed, washed three times with DMF and washed three times with DCM to obtain dipeptide. a resin, that is, a dipeptide-resin coupled to the amino acid at position -1 to be protected;
  • Step (2)-2 Remove the 4 positions of the above-protected polypeptide-resin with 2% hydrazine hydrate/DMF solution (30 min)
  • the ivDde or Dde protecting group of the amino acid side chain amino group was washed three times with DMF and washed three times with DCM; the 10 amino acid, DIC and HOBT were dissolved in DMF and added to the peptide synthesis tube, reacted at room temperature for 120 min, and the reaction solution was vacuumed.
  • DMF was washed three times
  • DCM was washed three times, thereby coupling the 10-position amino acid carboxyl group to the 4-position amino acid side chain amino group;
  • Step (2)-3 If x is 9, the coupling synthesis is completed, and a linear fully protected polypeptide-resin is obtained; if x is 8, the coupling is synthesized from the 10 amino acid to the 9 amino acid according to the above coupling synthesis method. a linear fully protected polypeptide-resin; if x is 5, the coupling to the synthesis method is used to couple the amino acid at position 10 to the 6-position amino acid one by one to obtain a linear fully protected polypeptide-resin;
  • a specific method for selectively removing the protecting group and solid phase cycling is, for example, the following operation: treating the linearly protected polypeptide-resin in the step (2) twice with 20% piperidine/DMF, each time 10 min, thereby removing the ⁇ -amino Fmoc protecting group, washing three times with DMF, washing three times with DCM to form a free amino group; using a solution of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium/phenylsilane in DCM and DMF (DCM: DMF volume ratio) Decarboxylation of a 5:5 mixed solution) (120 min) to form a free carboxyl group;
  • a specific method of the crude cyclic basic polypeptide obtained by acid hydrolysis is as follows: an acid hydrolysis solution (TFA:H 2 O volume ratio of 95:5) is added to the polypeptide synthesis tube, and the reaction is carried out at room temperature. After 120 min, the acid solution was added to cold ether (the ratio of TFA lysate to cold ether was 1:20), and the peptide was precipitated, centrifuged, and dried to obtain a crude peptide.
  • the crude product is purified, transferred to salt, and lyophilized, for example, as follows: the crude product is dissolved in water, filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m pore size filter, and prepared by preparative high performance liquid chromatography with a reversed C18 chromatographic packing of 10 ⁇ m.

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Abstract

提供具有通式I结构的多粘菌素衍生物及其制备方法和应用。所述多粘菌素衍生物的制备方法包括以下步骤：（1）经保护的碱性氨基酸Fmoc-AA-OP侧链游离氨基和卤代树脂反应得到Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂；（2）Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂逐一偶联得到线性多肽-树脂；（3）线性多肽-树脂选择性脱除保护基、固相环合得到环状多肽-树脂；（4）环状多肽-树脂经酸解、乙醚沉淀得环状多肽粗品；（5）粗品经纯化和/或转盐，冻干得环状多肽纯品。所述多粘菌素衍生物可以用于制备抗菌药物，特别是用于制备抗菌谱扩大、抗菌活性提高、肾毒性降低的抗菌药物，包括制备抗携带NDM-1基因的"超级细菌"的抗菌药物。

Description

多粘菌素衍生物及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及多粘菌素衍生物及其制备方法，还涉及发明化合物在制备抗菌药物中的用途，特别是在制备抗菌谱扩大、抗菌活性提高、肾毒性降低的抗菌药物中的用途，包括制备抗携带NDM-1基因的“超级细菌”的抗菌药物中的用途，以及含有该类化合物作为活性组分的药物组合物及其应用，属于生物医药领域。
背景技术
多粘菌素发现于1947年，是多粘芽孢杆菌产生的一系列阳离子抗菌多肽的总称，有A、B、C、D、E、F、K、M、P、S和T等不同类型结构，分子量都在1200D左右。多粘菌素类抗生素的共同结构特征为：由环状七肽、线性三肽和与线性三肽连接的侧链酰基链三部分组成，其中七肽环由4位氨基酸L-Dab(α,γ-二氨基丁酸)与10位氨基酸L-Thr(或L-Leu)缩合形成。不同类型结构的主要区别在于3位、6位、7位或10位氨基酸的不同，它们的抗菌谱相似，通过改变革兰阴性菌细胞膜通透性，导致细胞内物质泄漏从而具有杀菌作用。
多粘菌素的抗菌谱窄，仅对革兰阴性菌有效，且存在一定的肾毒性，特别是后来新的广谱抗菌药物第三代头孢菌素、碳青霉烯类药物的出现，导致其临床使用逐渐减少。近年来发现，多粘菌素治疗多药耐药的鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌感染取得较好疗效，因此重新受到临床的重视。
目前，临床使用的是多粘菌素B和黏菌素(多粘菌素E)，两者均为细菌发酵得到的多组分混合物。根据中国药典2015版对多粘菌素B组分规定，其中多粘菌素B3的含量不得超过6.0％，多粘菌素B1-Ile的含量不得超过15.0％，多粘菌素B1、B2、B3和B1-Ile的总含量不得少于80.0％。目前临床使用的多粘菌素组成成份复杂，相对含量不确定，且存在一定的肾毒性和神经毒性，给临床用药带来安全隐患。因此，制备单一组分的多粘菌素及多粘菌素衍生物以及研究所述多粘菌素及多粘菌素衍生物的生物功能显得尤为迫切。
关于多粘菌素类化合物的化学制备方法，目前只有多粘菌素B和E的化学合成制备方法的文献报道，对其它组分的化学合成制备方法为本发明首次报道。文献报道的多粘菌素B的化学制备方法是采用固相缩合、液相环合策略，文献(Sharma SK，Wu AD，Chandramouli N，et a1.Solid-phase total synthesis of polymyxin B1.J Pept  Res，1999，53(5)：501-506和Magee T V,Brown M F,Starr J T,et al.Discovery of Dap-3polymyxin analogues for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative nosocomial infections.J Med Chem,2013,56(12):5079-5093)报道的方法中，液相环合需大量溶剂，产物不易分离纯化，收率约为20％，实际合成过程中收率更低。文献(de Visser P C,Kriek N M,van Hooft P A,et al.Solid-phase synthesis of polymyxin B1and analogues via a safety-catch approach.J Pept Res,2003,61(6):298-306)报道方法中，使用Kenner’s safety catch方法固相缩合、固相环合合成多粘菌素B1，但是总产率为1.5％。文献(Wei-Liang Xu,A-Long Cui,Xin-Xin Hu,et al.A new strategy for total solid-phase synthesis of polymyxins.Tetrahedron Letters,2015,56(33):4796-4799.)使用固相缩合、固相环合合成多粘菌素B2和E2，产率为25％左右。
WO2013156977A1报道了通过赖氨酸侧链氨基连接树脂固相合成胰岛素的方法，本发明通过与赖氨酸结构类似的经保护的碱性氨基酸Fmoc-AA-OP侧链氨基连接树脂，采用固相缩合、固相环合方法合成多粘菌素衍生物。文献(Wei-Liang Xu,A-Long Cui,Xin-Xin Hu,et al.A new strategy for total solid-phase synthesis of polymyxins.Tetrahedron Letters,2015,56(33):4796-4799.)使用HCTU/DIEA作为缩合剂，缩合过程中DIEA使化合物3-7的侧链羧酸CH3-(CH2)n-CO-CH2-COOH的β-羰基烯醇化，容易发生CH3-(CH2)n-CO-CH2-COOH分子间缩合反应，无法得到化合物3-7。本合成方法使用DIC/HOBT作为缩合剂，无需加入碱作催化剂，不易发生CH3-(CH2)n-CO-CH2-COOH分子间缩合反应，可得到化合物3-7。该方法应用范围广，避免液相环合产生的大量溶剂，绿色环保，多肽粗品纯度高，易于分离纯化，总收率高达40％。
关于多粘菌素天然组分的结构研究，目前在天然来源的多粘菌素中，结构类型确定的有多粘菌素A、B、D、E、M、P、S和T。文献上出现过的不少多粘菌素类天然产物的结构没有完全研究清楚或结构确证出现错误，如多粘菌素C、F的氨基酸构型不确定，多粘菌素K的侧链酰基链的结构不确定，最初认为多粘菌素A和M是相同结构的化合物、后来研究发现多粘菌素A和M的3位氨基酸构型不同，等等(Terabe S,Konaka R,Shoji J.Separation of polymyxins and octapeptins by high-performance liquid chromatography.J.Chromatogr.A.1979,173(2):313-320.Shoji J,Hinoo H,Wakisaka Y,et al.Isolation of two new polymyxin group antibiotics.(Studies on antibiotics from the genus Bacillus.XX).J  Antibiot(Tokyo).1977,30(12):1029-1034.)。本发明通过化学合成制备，首次对不同结构类型的多粘菌素混合物中结构确定的单一组分进行系统合成。
关于多粘菌素类抗生素单一组分生物功能的研究，目前临床上使用的多粘菌素主要组分的比例在不同品牌中存在差异，甚至在同一品牌的不同批次中其主要组分的比例也存在差距，造成临床疗效的不稳定(He J,Ledesma K R,Lam W Y,et al.Variability of polymyxin B major components in commercial formulations.Int J Antimicrob Agents.2010,35(3):308-310.He H,Li J C,Nation R L,et al.Pharmacokinetics of four different brands of colistimethate and formed colistin in rats.J Antimicrob Chemother.2013,68(10):2311-2317.)。多粘菌素天然组分复杂，Tam等通过制备液相色谱分离天然多粘菌素B得到多粘菌素B1、B2、B3、B4和B1-Ile并首次测试了单一组分的体外抗菌活性(Tam V H,Cao H,Ledesma K R,et al.In vitro potency of various polymyxin B components.Antimicrob Agents Chemother.2011,55(9):4490-4491.)，除对临床用药中的主要组分B1、B2、E1、E2有抗菌活性和肾毒性的研究报道之外(Roberts K D,Azad M A,Wang J,et al.Antimicrobial Activity and Toxicity of the Major Lipopeptide Components of Polymyxin B and Colistin:Last-Line Antibiotics against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria.ACS Infect.Dis.2015,1(11):568-575.)，对其它组分的研究多局限于物质发现的报道，有的甚至结构也不十分确定，缺少各种组分的生物功能的系统研究。本发明首次对多粘菌素类抗生素单一组分的生物功能进行了研究，以指导多粘菌素类药物在临床治疗细菌感染中的合理安全使用。
关于多粘菌素新衍生物的制备，本发明首次制备了通过改变侧链酰基链长度和体积来提高或降低侧链酰基链(改变R0)疏水性的新衍生物，碱性氨基酸或极性氨基酸替换1位和/或3位氨基酸(改变R1、R3)的新衍生物，疏水氨基酸或极性氨基酸替换2位和/或10位氨基酸(改变R2、R9)的新衍生物，疏水氨基酸或碱性氨基酸或极性氨基酸替换5位和/或8位和/或9位氨基酸(改变R4、R7、R8)的新衍生物，疏水氨基酸或极性氨基酸替换6位和/或7位氨基酸(改变R5、R6)的新衍生物。通过改变多粘菌素分子的氨基数目或疏水性，扩大其抗菌谱或提高抗菌活性或降低肾毒性。
关于多粘菌素衍生物的生物功能，本发明研究了多粘菌素衍生物的抗菌活性和肾毒性，与阳性对照相比，部分多粘菌素衍生物对革兰阳性菌抗菌活性较高，部分多粘 菌素衍生物对革兰阴性菌抗菌活性提高，部分多粘菌素衍生物肾毒性降低。
发明内容
本发明涉及多粘菌素衍生物及其制备方法，特别是固相缩合、固相环合合成多粘菌素衍生物的制备方法。本发明还涉及发明化合物在制备抗菌药物中的用途，特别是在制备抗菌谱扩大、抗菌活性提高、肾毒性降低的抗菌药物中的用途，包括制备抗携带NDM-1基因的“超级细菌”的抗菌药物中的用途。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案来实现：
本发明提供了多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，结构如通式Ⅰ’所示：
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000001
式I’中数字1至10表示氨基酸残基在式I’中的具体位置，采用中括号将1位至10位的氨基酸分别分隔开。每个中括号对应于一个具体数字，例如对应于数字1的中括号中是1位氨基酸，例如对应于数字2的中括号中是2位氨基酸。
为了简化说明，将通式I’中的中括号去掉，形成通式Ⅰ：
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000003
具体地说，本发明提供了以下实施方案的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐。
1.具有通式Ⅰ所示结构的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中所述衍生物由环状七肽、线性三肽和与线性三肽连接的侧链酰基链(即R0-CO-)三部分组成，分子中至少含有三个氨基，
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000004
式中：
R0选自由以下组成的组：CH3-O-(CH2)m-、CH3-CH2-O-(CH2)m-、(CH3)2-N-(CH2)m-、CH3-(CH2)n-CO-CH2-、
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000005
(C6-C11)-直链烷基、(C7-C12)-支链烷基、羟基取代的(C6-C11)-直链烷基、羟基取代的(C7-C12)-支链烷基；m是4-10的整数，n是2-9的整数，R10选自由以下组成的组：苯基、被(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基取代的苯基，例如，在与R10连接的O形成的苯基对位被(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基取代的苯基；“m是4-10的整数”与“m是4、5、6、7、8、9或10的整数”具有相同含义，“n是2-9的整数”与“n是2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10的整数”具有相同含义；
R1和R3独立选自由以下组成的组：-CH2OH、-CH(CH3)OH、-(CH2)2-S-CH3、(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基、NH2-(CH2)x-和NH2-C(＝NH)-NH-(CH2)x-，x是1-4的整数；1位氨基酸的构型为L型，3位氨基酸的构型为D或L型；“x是1-4的整数”与“x是1、2、3或4的整数”具有相同含义；
R2和R9独立选自由以下组成的组：-CH2OH、-CH(CH3)OH、-(CH2)2-S-CH3、-CH2NH2、-(CH2)2NH2、-(CH2)3NH2、-(CH2)4NH2和(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基；2、10位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R4、R7和R8独立选自由以下组成的组：-CH2OH、-CH(CH3)OH、-(CH2)2-S-CH3、(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基、NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数；5、8、9位氨基酸的构型为L型；“y是1-4的整数”与“y是1、2、3或4的整数”具有相同含义；
R5和R6独立选自由以下组成的组：H、(C1-C8)-直链或者(C3-C8)-支链烷基、-CH2OH、-CH(CH3)OH、-(CH2)2-S-CH3和-CH2-R11；R11选自由以下组成的组：苯基、3-吲哚基、
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000006
6位氨基酸的构型为D或L型，7位氨基酸的构型为L型；R12、R13和R14独立选自由以下组成的组：-OH、-NH2、-F、-Cl、-Br、-CN、-NO2、-CF3、CH3O-、CH3CH2O-、(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基、苯基、苄基、苯甲酰基；
直链烷基可以是甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊烷基、己烷基、庚烷基、辛烷基或壬烷基；支链烷基可以是异丙基、叔丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、5-甲基己烷基、5-甲基庚烷基、6-甲基庚烷基、6-甲基辛烷基，例如(S)-5-甲基庚烷基。
z是0-3的整数，4位氨基酸的构型为L型，“z是0-3的整数”与“z是0、1、2或3的整数”具有相同含义。
1-2.实施方案1所述的化合物，其中通式I中的z＝1，即具有如通式Ⅱ所示的结构：
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000007
1-3.在本发明中，多粘菌素衍生物包括选自由以下组成的组：下列的化合物1至152：
(1)6-甲氧基己酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000008
(2)N,N-二甲氨基戊酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000009
(3)3-氧代己酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000010
(4)3-氧代庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000011
(5)3-氧代辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000012
(6)3-氧代壬酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000013
(7)3-氧代癸酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000014
(8)4-苯氧基苯甲酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000015
(9)4-(对甲基苯氧基)苯甲酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000016
(10)3-羟基-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000017
(11)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-NH2)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000018
(12)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Tyr-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000019
(13)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-CN)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000020
(14)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-NO2)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000021
(15)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-F)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000022
(16)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-Cl)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000023
(17)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-Br)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000024
(18)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(2-Cl)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000025
(19)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(3-Cl)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000026
(20)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(2,4-二Cl)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000027
(21)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(2,3-二Cl)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000028
(22)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(3,4-二Cl)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000029
(23)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-CF3)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000030
(24)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-OCH3)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000031
(25)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-OEt)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000032
(26)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-CH3)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000033
(27)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-tBu)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000034
(28)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-苄基)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000035
(29)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-苯甲酰基)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000036
(30)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000037
(31)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000038
(32)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000039
(33)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000040
(34)壬酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000041
(35)辛酰基-Dab-Ser-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000042
(36)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Ser-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000043
(37)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-Thr-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000044
(38)辛酰基-Ser-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000045
(39)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Ser-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000046
(40)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Ser-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000047
(41)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Ser-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000048
(42)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000049
(43)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000050
(44)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000051
(45)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000052
(46)壬酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000053
(47)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Ile-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000054
(48)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-Thr-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000055
(49)辛酰基-Dab-Ser-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000056
(50)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Ser]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000057
(51)辛酰基-Dab-Ser-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Ile-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000058
(52)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Ile-Dab-Dab-Ser]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000059
(53)辛酰基-Ser-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000060
(54)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000061
(55)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Ser-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000062
(56)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Ser-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000063
(57)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Ser-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000064
(58)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000065
(59)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10) [Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000066
(60)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000067
(61)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000068
(62)壬酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000069
(63)辛酰基-Dab-Ser-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000070
(64)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Ser-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000071
(65)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Ser]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000072
(66)辛酰基-Ser-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000073
(67)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Ser-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000074
(68)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Ser-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000075
(69)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Ser-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000076
(70)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000077
(71)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10) [Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Ile-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000078
(72)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Val-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000079
(73)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Nva-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000080
(74)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000081
(75)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Ile-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000082
(76)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Val-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000083
(77)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Nva-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000084
(78)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000085
(79)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Ile-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000086
(80)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Val-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000087
(81)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Nva-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000088
(82)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000089
(83)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Ile-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000090
(84)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Val-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000091
(85)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Nva-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000092
(86)7-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000093
(87)辛酰基-Dab-Ser-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000094
(88)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Ser]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000095
(89)辛酰基-Dab-Ser-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Ile-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000096
(90)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Ile-Dab-Dab-Ser]
(91)辛酰基-Dab-Ser-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Val-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000098
(92)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Val-Dab-Dab-Ser]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000099
(93)辛酰基-Dab-Ser-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Nva-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000100
(94)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Nva-Dab-Dab-Ser]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000101
(95)7-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Ser-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000102
(96)7-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Ser]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000103
(97)辛酰基-Ser-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000104
(98)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000105
(99)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Ser-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000106
(100)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Ser-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000107
(101)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Ser-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000108
(102)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000109
(103)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000110
(104)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000111
(105)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000112
(106)壬酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000113
(107)辛酰基-Dab-Ser-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000114
(108)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Ser-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000115
(109)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Ser]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000116
(110)辛酰基-Ser-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000117
(111)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000118
(112)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Ser-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000119
(113)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Ser-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000120
(114)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Ser-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000121
(115)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000122
(116)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000123
(117)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000124
(118)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000125
(119)壬酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000126
(120)辛酰基-Dab-Ser-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000127
(121)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Ser-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000128
(122)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Ser]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000129
(123)辛酰基-Ser-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000130
(124)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Ser-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000131
(125)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Ser-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000132
(126)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Ser-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000133
(127)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Lue]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000134
(128)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Lue]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000135
(129)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Lue]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000136
(130)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Lue]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000137
(131)壬酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Lue]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000138
(132)辛酰基-Dab-Ser-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Lue]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000139
(133)辛酰基-Ser-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Lue]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000140
(134)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Lue]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000141
(135)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Ser-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Lue]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000142
(136)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Ser-Dab-Lue]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000143
(137)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Ser-Lue]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000144
(138)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000145
(139)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000146
(140)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000147
(141)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000148
(142)壬酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000149
(143)(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000150
(144)6-甲基庚酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000151
(145)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000152
(146)庚酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000153
(147)壬酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000154
(148)辛酰基-Thr-Thr-Thr-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000155
(149)辛酰基-Dap-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000156
(150)辛酰基-Arg-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000157
(151)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Met-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr]
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000158
(152)辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dap-D-Phe-Leu-Dap-Dap-Thr]。
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000159
1-4.实施方案1所述的化合物，其中不包括化合物8、10、12、30、31、42、43、44、45、46、47、58、59、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、82、86、102、103、115、127、128、143、144。
2.根据实施方案1所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中z＝1，结构如通式Ⅱ所示：
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000160
3.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0选自由以下组成的组：
CH3-O-(CH2)m-，m＝4-10；(CH3)2-N-(CH2)m-，m＝4-10；CH3-(CH2)n-CO-CH2-，n＝2-9；
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000161
R10是苯基，或在与R10连接的O形成的苯基对位被(C1-C4)-直链取代的苯基，例如在与R10连接的O形成的苯基对位被CH3取代的苯基；羟基取代的(C7-C12)-支链烷基，例如2-羟基-5-甲基庚烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R5是-CH2-R11；R11为苯基；
6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R6是(C3-C8)-支链烷基，例如异丁基；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH；
其中不包括化合物8和10。
4.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0选自由以下组成的组：
CH3-O-(CH2)m-，m＝4-10；(CH3)2-N-(CH2)m-，m＝4-10；CH3-(CH2)n-CO-CH2-，n＝2-9；
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000162
R10是在与R10连接的O形成的苯基对位被(C1-C4)-直链取代的苯基，例如在与R10连接的O形成的苯基对位被CH3取代的苯基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R5是-CH2-R11；R11为苯基；
6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R6是(C3-C8)-支链烷基，例如异丁基；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH。
5.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0选自由以下组成的组：(C7-C12)-支链烷基，例如5-甲基庚烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R5是-CH2-R11；R11选自由以下组成的组：
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000163
R12选自由以下组成的组：-NH2、-OH、-CN、-NO2、-F、-Cl、-Br、–CF3、CH3-O-、CH3-CH2-O-、(C3-C4)-支链烷基、–苄基、–苯甲酰基；R13和R14选自由以下组成的组：H、-F、-Cl、-Br；
6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R6是(C3-C8)-支链烷基，例如异丁基；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH；
其中不包括化合物12。
6.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0选自由以下组成的组：(C7-C12)-支链烷基，例如5-甲基庚烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R5是-CH2-R11；R11选自由以下组成的组：
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000164
R12选自由以下组成的组：-NH2、-CN、-NO2、-F、-Cl、-Br、–CF3、CH3-O-、CH3-CH2-O-、(C3-C4)-支链烷基、–苄基、–苯甲酰基；R13和R14选自由以下组成的组：H、-F、-Cl、-Br；
6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R6是(C3-C8)-支链烷基，例如异丁基；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH。
7.根据实施方案5或6所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0是(S)-5-甲基庚烷基。
8.根据实施方案5或6所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R6是异丁基。
9.根据实施方案7所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R6是异丁基。
10.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0选自由以下组成的组：(C7-C12)-支链烷基、例如5-甲基庚烷基、5-甲基己烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基，(C6-C11)-直链烷基、例如己烷基、庚烷基、辛烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；3位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R5选自由以下组成的组：(C3-C8)-支链烷基、例如异丁基，-CH(CH3)OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH，6位氨基酸的构型为D或L型；
R6是-CH(CH3)OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH；
其中不包括化合物30和31。
11.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0选自由以下组成的组：(C7-C12)-支链烷基、例如5-甲基庚烷基、5-甲基己烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基，(C6-C11)-直链烷基、例如己烷基、庚烷基、辛烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；-CH2OH；
3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R5选自由以下组成的组：-CH2-R11，R11为苯基；(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
6位氨基酸的构型为D或L型；
R6是(C3-C8)-支链烷基，例如仲丁基、异丁基；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
其中不包括化合物42、43、44、45、46、47。
12.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0选自由以下组成的组：(C7-C12)-支链烷基、例如5-甲基庚烷基、5-甲基己烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基，(C6-C11)-直链烷基，例如己烷基、庚烷基、辛烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；-CH2OH，
R2是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是-CH2OH，3位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R5是(C3-C8)-支链烷基、例如异丁基，6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R6是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；-CH2OH；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；-CH2OH；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
其中不包括化合物58、59。
13.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，
R0选自由以下组成的组：(C6-C11)-直链烷基、例如己烷基、庚烷基，(C7-C12)-支链烷基、例如5-甲基庚烷基、5-甲基己烷基、6-甲基庚烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH，例如，(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH，3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R5是(C3-C8)-支链烷基、例如异丁基，6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R6是(C1-C8)-直链、例如丙基或者(C3-C8)-支链烷基、例如异丁基、仲丁基或异丙基；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH，例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
其中不包括化合物70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、82、86。
14.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，
R0选自由以下组成的组：(C6-C11)-直链烷基、例如己烷基、庚烷基、辛烷基、(C7-C12)-支链烷基、例如5-甲基庚烷基、5-甲基己烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如，2；或-CH2OH；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；-CH2OH；
3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R5是(C3-C8)-支链烷基、例如异丁基；
6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R6是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH，例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
其中不包括化合物102、103。
15.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，
R0选自由以下组成的组：(C6-C11)-直链烷基、例如己烷基、庚烷基、辛烷基、(C7-C12)-支链烷基、例如5-甲基庚烷基、5-甲基己烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是-CH2OH，3位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R5是-CH2-R11；R11为苯基；
6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R6是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
其中不包括化合物115。
16.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，
R0选自由以下组成的组：(C6-C11)-直链烷基、例如、己烷基、庚烷基、辛烷基、(C7-C12)-支链烷基、例如5-甲基庚烷基、5-甲基己烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；-CH2OH；
3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R5是-CH2-R11；R11为苯基；
6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R6是(C3-C8)-支链烷基、例如异丁基；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
R9是(C3-C4)-支链烷基、例如异丁基；
其中不包括化合物127、128。
17.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，
R0选自由以下组成的组：(C6-C11)-直链烷基、例如庚烷基、己烷基、辛烷基、(C7-C12)-支链烷基、例如5-甲基庚烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基、5-甲基己烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R5是-CH2-R11；R11为苯基；
6位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R6是-CH(CH3)OH例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH。
18.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，
R0选自由以下组成的组：(C6-C11)-直链烷基、例如庚烷基、己烷基、辛烷基、(C7-C12)-支链烷基、例如5-甲基庚烷基、5-甲基己烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基；
R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；3位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
R5是-CH2-R11；R11为苯基；
6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R6是-CH(CH3)OH例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
其中不包括化合物143、144。
19.根据实施方案2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，
R0选自由以下组成的组：(C6-C11)-直链烷基、例如庚烷基；
R1是-CH(CH3)OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如1；NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；NH2-C(＝NH)-NH-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如3；
R2是-CH(CH3)OH例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
R3是-CH(CH3)OH例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；-(CH2)2-S-CH3；
3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如1；
R5是-CH2-R11；R11为苯基；
6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
R6是(C3-C8)-支链烷基、例如异丁基；
R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如1；
R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如1；
R9是-CH(CH3)OH例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH。
20.根据实施方案1至19中任一项所述多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其特征在于，所述通式Ⅰ化合物的可药用盐包括通式Ⅰ化合物与酸形成的盐，所述的酸选自由以下组成的组：无机酸或有机酸，其中，所述无机酸例如高氯酸、氢碘酸、氢溴酸、盐酸、硫酸、硝酸或磷酸；所述有机酸例如乙酸、三氟乙酸、乳酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、马来酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、甲磺酸或对甲苯磺酸。
术语“环(4-10)”是指通过酰胺键、10位氨基酸末端羧基连接到4位碱性氨基酸的侧链氨基，形成七肽环，结构如通式Ⅰ、通式Ⅱ所示。
D-氨基酸的构型用D表示。当没有提及构型时，可理解为氨基酸构型是L。Dab表示α,γ-二氨基丁酸，Nva表示正缬氨酸，Dap表示α,β-二氨基丙酸。
本发明所述通式Ⅰ化合物的可药用盐包括通式Ⅰ化合物与酸形成的盐，所述的酸选自由以下组成的组：无机酸或有机酸，其中，所述无机酸例如高氯酸、氢碘酸、氢溴酸、盐酸、硫酸、硝酸或磷酸；所述有机酸例如乙酸、三氟乙酸、乳酸、琥珀酸、 富马酸、马来酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、甲磺酸或对甲苯磺酸。
本发明还提供了一种新的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐固相合成的方法。该方法通过固相缩合、固相环合制备多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，包括以下步骤：
(1)经保护的碱性氨基酸Fmoc-AA-OP侧链游离氨基和卤代树脂反应得到Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂；其中P为羧基保护基，例如，烯丙基(Allyl)、苄基(Bn)；当Fmoc-AA-OP为Fmoc-Dab-OP时，其结构如式Ⅲ所示：当Fmoc-AA-OP为Fmoc-Dap-OP时，其结构如式Ⅳ所示：
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000165
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000166
(2)Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂逐一偶联得到线性多肽-树脂；
(3)经由线性多肽-树脂选择性脱除保护基、固相环合得到环状多肽-树脂；
(4)环状多肽-树脂经酸解得环状多肽粗品；
(5)环状多肽粗品经纯化和/或转盐，冻干得环状多肽纯品。
一、关于步骤(1)
步骤(1)中所述的卤代树脂选自由以下组成的组：三苯甲基氯树脂、4-甲基三苯甲基氯树脂、4-甲氧基三苯甲基氯树脂、2-氯三苯甲基氯树脂、溴-(4-甲基苯基)-甲基树脂或溴-(4-甲氧基苯基)-甲基树脂，例如，树脂为2-氯三苯甲基氯树脂。
卤代树脂的取代度为0.1-1.6mmol/g，例如，的取代度为0.5-1.0mmol/g。
各个Fmoc-保护的氨基酸用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的1.2-6倍，例如2.0-3.5倍。
所述的碱选自由以下组成的组：N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)、三乙胺(TEA)、吡啶中的至少一种，例如，为DIEA；碱的摩尔用量为Fmoc-保护的氨基酸摩尔量的1.5-3 倍，例如，为Fmoc-保护的氨基酸摩尔量的2倍。
取代反应时间为1-12h，例如，为2-3h。
二、关于步骤(2)
步骤(2)中脱去α-氨基Fmoc保护基的试剂包括但不仅限于哌啶(PIP)在DMF中的溶液，浓度为10-30％PIP在DMF中的溶液，例如，浓度为20％。使用的去保护试剂用量为每克投料树脂5-15mL，例如，为每克投料树脂10mL。去保护反应时间为10-60min，例如，为10-20min。脱去4位氨基酸侧链氨基ivDde或Dde保护基的试剂包括但不仅限于水合肼在DMF中的溶液，浓度为1-10％水合肼在DMF中的溶液，例如，浓度为2％。使用的去保护试剂用量为每克投料树脂5-15mL，例如，为每克投料树脂10mL。去保护反应时间为30-100min，例如，为30-60min。
偶联反应中偶联剂选自由以下组成的组：N,N-二异丙基碳二亚胺(DIC)、N,N-二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)、1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)、苯并三氮唑-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HBTU)、6-氯苯并三氮唑-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HCTU)、2-(7-偶氮苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HATU)、O-苯并三氮唑-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲四氟硼酸盐(TBTU)、苯并三唑-1-基-氧基三吡咯烷基鏻六氟磷酸盐(PyBOP)，例如，为N,N-二异丙基碳二亚胺(DIC)。
偶联剂的摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的1.2-6倍，例如2.0-3.5倍。
活化剂选自由以下组成的组：1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBT)、6-氯-1-羟基苯并三氮唑(Cl-HOBT)、1-羟基-7-偶氮苯并三氮唑(HOAT)，例如，为1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBT)。
活化剂的摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的1.2-6倍，例如2.0-3.5倍。
偶联反应时间为60-300min，例如，为60-120min。
偶联反应中部分偶联剂需加入催化剂，催化剂为有机碱，选自由以下组成的组：N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)、三乙胺(TEA)、N-甲基吗啉(NMM)，例如，为N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)。
溶剂为非质子性极性溶剂，选自由以下组成的组：二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)或N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)或其混合物，例如，DMF。
三、关于步骤(3)
步骤(3)中脱去羧基的烯丙基保护基的试剂为四(三苯基膦)钯/苯硅烷在DCM和DMF中的溶液(DCM:DMF体积比为5：5的混合溶液)。四(三苯基膦)钯摩尔用量为 投料树脂总摩尔数的0.1-2倍，例如，0.1-0.3倍。苯硅烷摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的2-10倍，例如，3-5倍。使用的去保护试剂用量为每克投料树脂10-30mL，例如，为每克投料树脂20mL。去保护反应时间为60-300min，例如，为60-120min。脱去羧基苄基保护基的试剂为H2，10％ Pd/C乙醇溶液，10％Pd/C摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的0.1-2倍，例如，0.1-0.3倍。去保护反应时间为30-100min，例如，为30-60min。
固相环合偶联剂选自由以下组成的组：(3H-1,2,3-三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-氧基)三-1-吡咯烷基鏻六氟磷酸盐(PyAOP)、苯并三唑-1-基-氧基三吡咯烷基鏻六氟磷酸盐(PyBOP)，例如，(3H-1,2,3-三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-氧基)三-1-吡咯烷基鏻六氟磷酸盐(PyAOP)。
偶联剂的摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的1.2-6倍，例如2.0-3.5倍。
活化剂选自由以下组成的组：1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBT)、1-羟基-7-偶氮苯并三氮唑(HOAT)，例如，为1-羟基-7-偶氮苯并三氮唑(HOAT)。
活化剂的摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的1.2-6倍，例如2.0-3.5倍。
环合反应时间为1-20h，例如，为1-3h。
催化剂为有机碱，选自由以下组成的组：N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)、三乙胺(TEA)、N-甲基吗啉(NMM)，例如，为N-甲基吗啉(NMM)。
溶剂为非质子性极性溶剂，选自由以下组成的组：二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)或N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)或其混合物，例如，DMF。
四、关于步骤(4)
步骤(4)中酸解选用含有氢氟酸(HF)或三氟乙酸(TFA)，例如，三氟乙酸的酸解液。
酸解液用量为每克投料树脂5-30mL，例如，为每克投料树脂10mL。所述酸解液包含三氟乙酸以及侧链保护基脱除剂。
三氟乙酸浓度为80％-95％，其余为侧链保护基脱除剂。
侧链保护基脱除剂，选自由以下组成的组：茴香硫醚、三异丙基硅烷、苯酚、水、1,2-乙二硫醇，例如，水。
酸解时间为60-300min，例如，为100-120min。
将酸解后含多肽的酸解液加到冷乙醚中(酸解液与冷乙醚体积比例为1:20)析出肽，离心，干燥得粗肽。
五、关于步骤(5)
步骤(5)中粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤，经制备型高效液相色谱纯化，采用流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，进行梯度洗脱，检测波长215nm，通过冻干使产品干燥。通过该方法可以达到的最终纯度大于95％，例如，大于99％。
步骤(1)中，Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂的制备例如如下操作：将卤代树脂加入到多肽固相合成管中，加入DCM溶胀，溶胀结束，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次，将经保护的起始氨基酸Fmoc-AA-OP和DIEA用DCM溶解后加到多肽合成管中，室温反应2h，真空抽去反应液，将树脂用DMF洗三次，用DCM洗三次，得到Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂。
步骤(2)中，偶联合成法包括：步骤(1)反应得到的Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂，用20％哌啶/DMF处理(2次，每次10min)脱去α-氨基Fmoc保护基，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次，将氨基酸或侧链羧酸(R0-COOH)、DIC和HOBT用DMF溶解后加到多肽合成管中，室温反应120min，真空抽去反应液，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次。从起始氨基酸(即x位氨基酸，x为5或8或9)逐一偶联至1位氨基酸，然后将侧链羧酸偶联到保护的多肽-树脂上。用2％水合肼/DMF溶液(30min)脱去4位氨基酸侧链氨基的ivDde或Dde保护基，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次，将10位氨基酸羧基偶联到4位氨基酸侧链氨基；从10位氨基酸逐一偶联至起始氨基酸的前一位氨基酸(x+1位氨基酸)，得到线性全保护的多肽-树脂。所述逐一偶联顺序包括两部分，第一部分是起始氨位基酸(即x位氨基酸，x为5或8或9)到1位氨基酸，再到侧链羧酸，第二部分是从10位氨基酸到(x+1)位氨基酸。如果x为9，那么第一部分顺序是8位氨基酸到1位氨基酸，再到侧链羧酸，第二部分只是10位氨基酸；如果x为8，那么第一部分顺序是7位氨基酸到1位氨基酸，再到侧链羧酸，第二部分顺序是从10位氨基酸到9位氨基酸；如果x为5，那么第一部分顺序是4位氨基酸到1位氨基酸，再到侧链羧酸，第二部分顺序是从10位氨基酸到6位氨基酸。
步骤(3)中，选择性脱除保护基、固相环合的具体方法例如如下操作：将步骤(2)中线性全保护的多肽-树脂用20％哌啶/DMF处理(2次，每次10min)脱去α-氨基Fmoc保护基，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次，形成游离氨基；用四(三苯基膦)钯/苯硅烷在DCM和DMF中的溶液(DCM:DMF体积比为5：5的混合溶液)脱去羧基烯丙基保护基(120min)，形成游离羧基。将PyAOP、HOAT用DMF溶解后加入NMM，加到多肽合成管中，室温反应3h，真空抽去反应液，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次，得到环 状全保护的多肽-树脂。
步骤(4)中，通过酸解得到的环状碱性多肽粗品的具体方法例如如下操作：将酸解液(TFA:H2O体积比为95：5)加到多肽合成管中，室温反应120min，酸解液加到冷乙醚中(TFA裂解液与冷乙醚比例为1:20)析出肽，离心，干燥得粗肽。
步骤(5)中，粗品纯化、转盐、冻干具体方法例如如下操作：粗品溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份，将级份蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。
通过该方法可以达到的最终纯度大于95.0％，例如，大于99.0％。以所述树脂计算，产率大于40.0％。
本发明制备了多粘菌素分子氨基或疏水性改变的新衍生物，本发明化合物易于根据所述的化学合成方法制备，而临床使用的多粘菌素B和黏菌素(多粘菌素E)是通过细菌发酵方法得到的多组分混合物。
表1 部分发明化合物的结构
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000167
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000168
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000169
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000170
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000171
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000172
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000173
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000174
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000175
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000176
本发明还提供所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐用作抗革兰阴性菌和革兰阳性菌的抗菌剂。医药相关的革兰阴性菌包括大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、肺炎克雷伯菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)、铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)、鲍曼不动杆菌(Acinetobacter baumanii)、沙门氏菌(Salmonella)、摩拉克氏菌属(Moraxella)、螺杆菌属(Helicobacter)、军团杆菌属(Legionella)、流感嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus influenzae)、阴沟肠杆菌(Enterobacter cloacae)、产气肠杆菌(Enterobacter aerogenes)、粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescens)、摩根氏菌(Morganella morganii)、雷极普鲁菲登杆菌(Providentia rettgeri)、普通变形杆菌(Proteus vulgaris)、奇异变形杆菌(Proteus mirabilis)、嗜麦芽假单孢菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia)、弗劳地枸橼酸菌(Citrobacter freundii)等。医药相关的革兰阳性菌包括表皮葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus epidermidis)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)、屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium)等。
革兰阴性菌例如大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、肺炎克雷伯菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)、铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)和鲍曼不动杆菌(Acinetobacter baumanii)。革兰阳性菌例如表皮葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus epidermidis)和金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)。
本发明还提供了比临床使用的多粘菌素B和黏菌素(多粘菌素E)抗菌活性更高、肾细胞毒性更低的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐。肾细胞选自由以下组成的组：人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2细胞)、人胚肾上皮细胞(HEK293细胞)、非洲绿猴肾细胞(Vero细胞)、犬肾细胞(MDCK细胞)，例如，非洲绿猴肾细胞(Vero细胞)。
本发明还提供了一种抗菌药物组合物，其包括治疗有效量的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐作为活性成分，可将化合物本身或其与药用赋形剂、稀释剂等混合物以片剂、胶囊、颗粒剂、散剂或糖浆剂的形式口服给药，或以注射剂、喷雾剂、气雾剂、软膏剂、滴眼剂的形式非口服给药。
上述制剂可通过常规制药方法制备。可用的药用赋形剂、稀释剂的例子包括赋形剂(例如糖类衍生物如乳糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖醇和山梨糖醇；淀粉衍生物如玉米淀粉、土豆淀粉、糊精和羧甲基淀粉；纤维素衍生物如结晶纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素钙、羟甲基纤维素钠；阿拉伯胶；右旋糖酐；硅酸盐衍生物如偏硅酸镁铝、磷酸盐衍生物如磷酸钙；碳酸盐衍生物如碳酸钙；硫酸盐衍生物如硫酸钙等)；粘合剂(例如明胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和聚乙二醇)；崩解剂(例如纤维素衍生物如羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)；润滑剂(例如滑石粉、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、鲸蜡、硼酸、苯甲酸钠、亮氨酸)、稳定剂(对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯等)；矫味剂(例如常用的甜味剂、酸味剂和香料等)；稀释剂和注射液溶剂(例如水、乙醇和甘油等)。
具体实施方式
合成路线一：经保护的5位氨基酸Fmoc-Dab-OP为起始氨基酸，其结构如式Ⅲ所示：
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000177
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000178
合成路线二：经保护的8位氨基酸Fmoc-Dab-OP为起始氨基酸，其结构如式Ⅲ所示：
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000179
合成路线三：经保护的9位氨基酸Fmoc-Dab-OP为起始氨基酸，其结构如式Ⅲ所示：
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000180
P代表：烯丙基(Allyl)
P1代表：叔丁氧羰基(Boc)
P2代表：1-(4,4-二甲基-2,6-二氧环己-1-亚基)-乙基(Dde)、1-(4,4-二甲基-2,6-二氧环己-1-亚基)-3-甲基丁基(ivDde)
P3代表：叔丁基(tBu)
Fmoc代表：9-芴甲氧羰基
相较于现有合成方法，该方法应用范围广，绿色环保，多肽粗品纯度高，易于分离纯化，总收率高达40％。
实施例1：制备6-甲氧基己酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物1)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、6-甲氧基己酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、6-甲氧基己酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、6-甲氧基己酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备6-甲氧基己酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]。
得粗肽530mg，产率为89.0％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱纯化，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为238mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产 率为40.0％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝596.36([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例2：制备N,N-二甲氨基戊酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物2)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、N,N-二甲氨基戊酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、N,N-二甲氨基戊酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、N,N-二甲氨基戊酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备N,N-二甲氨基戊酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]。
得粗肽530mg，产率为89.1％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为240mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为40.3％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝595.87([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例3：制备3-氧代辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10) [Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物5)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、3-氧代辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、3-氧代辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、3-氧代辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备3-氧代辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]。
得粗肽540mg，产率为89.8％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为245mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为40.7％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝602.36([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例4：制备4-(苯氧基)苯甲酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物8)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、4-(苯氧基)苯甲酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、 Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、4-(苯氧基)苯甲酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、4-(苯氧基)苯甲酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备4-苯氧基苯甲酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]。
得粗肽570mg，产率为90.5％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为280mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为44.5％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝630.35([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例5：制备(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-Cl)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物16)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、(S)-6-甲基辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe(4-Cl)-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe(4-Cl)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、(S)-6-甲基辛酸、 Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三保护性氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe(4-Cl)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、(S)-6-甲基辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备(s)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-Cl)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]。
得粗肽560mg，产率为90.5％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为250mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为40.4％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝619.36([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例6：制备(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-CH3)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物26)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、(S)-6-甲基辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe(4-CH3)-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe(4-CH3)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、(S)-6-甲基辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe(4-CH3)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、 (S)-6-甲基辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备(S)-6-甲基辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe(4-CH3)-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]。
得粗肽550mg，产率为90.3％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为250mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为41.1％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝609.39([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例7：制备辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物32)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-D-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-D-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-D-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
得粗肽520mg，产率为91.0％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为248mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为43.4％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝572.36([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例8：辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物44)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]。
得粗肽540mg，产率为90.8％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动 流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为240mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为40.4％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝595.37([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例9：辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物60)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-D-Ser(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-D-Ser(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-D-Ser(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]。
得粗肽510mg，产率为90.2％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为230mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为40.7％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI: m/z＝565.85([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例10：辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Leu-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物78)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Lue-Dab-Dab-Thr]。
得粗肽540mg，产率为93.5％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为240mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为41.5％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝578.38([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例11：制备辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物104)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、 Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Leu-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Leu-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]
得粗肽525mg，产率为91.8％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为250mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为43.7％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝572.36([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例12：辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr](化合物117)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-D-Ser(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、 Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-D-Ser(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-D-Ser(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备辛酰基-Dab-Thr-D-Ser-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Thr-Dab-Dab-Thr]。
得粗肽530mg，产率为91.0％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为240mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为41.2％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝582.84([M+2H+]2+)。
实施例13：辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Leu-Dab-Dab-Leu](化合物129)
合成路线一经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH
合成路线二经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
合成路线三经保护的氨基酸和侧链羧酸加入反应的顺序为：Fmoc-Dab-OAllyl、 Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Leu-OH、Fmoc-D-Phe-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH、Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH、辛酸、Fmoc-Leu-OH
取2-Cl-Trt树脂(0.5mmol,取代度＝0.5mmol/g)加入到多肽固相合成管中，分别按照合成路线一、合成路线二和合成路线三的方法制备辛酰基-Dab-Thr-Dab-环(4-10)[Dab-Dab-D-Phe-Lue-Dab-Dab-Leu]。
得粗肽550mg，产率为91.6％。粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱，流动相流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份并将其蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。产量为250mg，以所述0.5mmol的2-Cl-Trt树脂计算，产率为41.6％。
纯化后的肽的表征：纯度(通过HPLC图谱的面积积分)＞99.0％；ESI:m/z＝601.39([M+2H+]2+)。
实验例1：抗菌活性实验
参照CLSI推荐方法，采用平皿二倍稀释法和多点接种器进行最小抑菌浓度(MIC)测定。本发明化合物(例如实施例制备的化合物)和对照品用肉汤二倍稀释成各种所需浓度，分别加适量到平皿中，琼脂培养基熔化后定量注入含药液的平皿内混匀，本发明化合物(例如实施例制备的化合物)和对照品的终浓度分别为0.03、0.06、0.125、0.25…128μg/mL。受试菌用营养肉汤、脑心浸液或HTM肉汤隔夜增菌，试验时，菌液适当稀释，多点接种器接种试验菌(接种量为104CFU/点)于含药琼脂表面，干燥后置35℃恒温培养18～24h后观察结果，无菌落生长的平皿中所含本发明化合物(例如实施例制备的化合物)和对照品的最小浓度即为MIC。
用于抗菌活性实验的菌株来自美国菌种保藏中心(ATCC)和临床分离菌株。
用于抗菌活性实验的菌株包括大肠杆菌ATCC 25922、肺炎克雷伯菌ATCC BAA-2146(NDM-1)、铜绿假单胞菌ATCC 27853、鲍曼不动杆菌ATCC 19606和表皮葡萄球菌ATCC 12228。
受试品：依据本发明技术方案制备的多粘菌素衍生物；
对照品：多粘菌素B硫酸盐和黏菌素(多粘菌素E硫酸盐)。
表2 部分发明化合物的革兰阴性菌和阳性菌活性(MIC，单位μg/mL)
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000181
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000182
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000183
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000184
实验例2：肾毒性实验
非洲绿猴肾细胞(Vero细胞)使用MEM培养基(Hyclone)，细胞培养基使用前加入10％胎牛血清(Invitrogen)，于37℃，5％CO2培养。
采用MTT法进行。取对数生长期细胞，消化后计数，将细胞接种于96孔培养板。培养24h待贴壁后，加入浓度梯度的本发明化合物(例如实施例制备的化合物)和对照品处理细胞。72h后，去除培液，加入浓度0.5mg/ml的MTT试剂100uL，37℃温箱孵育3h后，去除培液基。每孔加入150μL的DMSO溶剂，震荡3min混匀，用酶标仪测定570nm吸收度值(A)。
细胞存活率％＝(加药细胞A-背景A)/(对照细胞A-背景A)×100％。每检测点取3个平行孔的平均值，绘制抑制曲线，计算IC50值。
实验中所用非洲绿猴肾细胞(Vero细胞)来自中国医学科学院基础医学研究所细胞资源中心。
表3 部分发明化合物的肾细胞毒性(IC50，单位μg/mL)
化合物(μg/mL) Vero细胞
4 109.61±9.08
5 93.70±7.38
11 166.38±15.67
13 185.75±11.31
30 144.90±12.09
31 287.90±23.28
42 71.29±6.08
43 159.10±14.14
44 86.40±8.31
45 160.05±13.59
46 33.15±2.64
47 74.72±6.13
58 189.34±11.34
59 318.00±25.55
71 176.2±14.72
72 130.9±8.69
73 108.5±9.16
75 198.7±13.07
76 225.0±17.02
77 168.4±12.46
82 215.9±16.09
86 87.03±6.98
103 276.10±17.72
115 160.31±23.39
116 ﹥500
127 17.19±2.16
128 30.07±2.59
143 141.50±15.19
多粘菌素B 71.65±5.85
黏菌素 128.13±14.66
综上所述，本发明所制备的部分多粘菌素衍生物具有低肾毒性、高抗菌活性，完全有可能成为一类新的临床用抗生素。
20’.根据实施方案1所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，所述多粘菌素衍生物选自由以下组成的组：化合物1至152，其中不包括化合物8、10、12、30、31、42、43、44、45、46、47、58、59、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、82、86、102、103、115、127、128、143、144。
21.根据实施方案1至20’中任一项所述多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其特征在于，所述通式Ⅰ化合物的可药用盐包括通式Ⅰ化合物与酸形成的盐，所述的酸选自由以下组成的组：无机酸或有机酸，其中，所述无机酸例如高氯酸、氢碘酸、氢溴酸、盐酸、硫酸、硝酸或磷酸；所述有机酸例如乙酸、三氟乙酸、乳酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、马来酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、甲磺酸或对甲苯磺酸。
23.一种药物组合物，其特征在于，药物组合物中含如实施方案1-21任一项所述多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐与药学上可接受载体或赋形剂。
24.根据实施方案23所述的药物组合物，其特征在于，所述多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐在药物组合物中的含量以药物组合物的总重量计为0.1重量％-99.5重量％。
25.如实施方案1-21任一项所述多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐在制备抗菌药物中的用途，特别是在制备抗携带NDM-1基因的“超级细菌”的抗菌药物中的用途。
26.实施方案1至19中任一项所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐在革兰阴性菌和革兰阳性菌的抗菌药物中的用途。
27.根据实施方案26所述的用途，所述多粘菌素衍生物选自由以下组成的组：化合物1至152。
28.实施方案1至21中任一项所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)经保护的碱性氨基酸Fmoc-AA-OP侧链游离氨基和卤代树脂反应得到Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂；P为羧基保护基，例如，烯丙基、苄基；当Fmoc-AA-OP为Fmoc-Dab-OP时，其结构如式Ⅲ所示；当Fmoc-AA-OP为Fmoc-Dap-OP时，其结构如式Ⅳ所示：
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000185
Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-000186
(2)Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂逐一偶联得到线性多肽-树脂；
(3)经由线性多肽-树脂选择性脱除保护基、固相环合得到环状多肽-树脂；
(4)环状多肽-树脂经酸解得环状多肽粗品；
(5)环状多肽粗品经纯化和/或转盐，冻干得环状多肽纯品。
29.根据实施方案28所述的方法，所述多粘菌素衍生物选自由以下组成的组：化合物1至152。
30.实施方案28或29所述的方法，其中
步骤(1)中所述的卤代树脂选自由以下组成的组：三苯甲基氯树脂、4-甲基三苯甲基氯树脂、4-甲氧基三苯甲基氯树脂、2-氯三苯甲基氯树脂、溴-(4-甲基苯基)-甲基树脂或溴-(4-甲氧基苯基)-甲基树脂，例如，2-氯三苯甲基氯树脂；
卤代树脂的取代度为0.1-1.6mmol/g，例如，的取代度为0.5-1.0mmol/g；
各个Fmoc-保护的氨基酸用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的1.2-6倍，例如2.0-3.5倍；
所述的碱选自由以下组成的组：N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)、三乙胺(TEA)、吡啶中的至少一种，例如，为DIEA；碱的摩尔用量为Fmoc-保护的氨基酸摩尔量的1.5-3倍，例如，为Fmoc-保护的氨基酸摩尔量的2倍；
取代反应时间为1-12h，例如，为2-3h；
31.实施方案28或29所述的方法，其中
步骤(2)中脱去α-氨基Fmoc保护基的试剂包括但不仅限于哌啶(PIP)在DMF中的溶液，浓度为10-30％PIP在DMF中的溶液，例如，浓度为20％；
使用的去保护试剂用量为每克投料树脂5-15mL，例如，为每克投料树脂10mL；
去保护反应时间为10-60min，例如，为10-20min；
脱去4位氨基酸侧链氨基ivDde或Dde保护基的试剂包括但不仅限于水合肼在DMF中的溶液，浓度为1-10％水合肼在DMF中的溶液，例如，浓度为2％；
使用的去保护试剂用量为每克投料树脂5-15mL，例如，为每克投料树脂10mL。去保护反应时间为30-100min，例如，为30-60min；
偶联反应中偶联剂选自由以下组成的组：N,N-二异丙基碳二亚胺(DIC)、N,N-二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)、1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)、苯并三氮唑-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HBTU)、6-氯苯并三氮唑-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HCTU)、2-(7-偶氮苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(HATU)、O-苯并三氮唑-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲四氟硼酸盐(TBTU)、苯并三唑-1-基-氧基三吡咯烷基鏻六氟磷酸盐(PyBOP)，例如，为N,N-二异丙基碳二亚胺(DIC)；
偶联剂的摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的1.2-6倍，例如2.0-3.5倍；
活化剂选自由以下组成的组：1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBT)、6-氯-1-羟基苯并三氮唑(Cl-HOBT)、1-羟基-7-偶氮苯并三氮唑(HOAT)，例如，为1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBT)；
活化剂的摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的1.2-6倍，例如2.0-3.5倍；
偶联反应时间为60-300min，例如，为60-120min；
偶联反应中部分偶联剂需加入催化剂，催化剂为有机碱，选自由以下组成的组：N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)、三乙胺(TEA)、N-甲基吗啉(NMM)，例如，为N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)；
溶剂为非质子性极性溶剂，选自由以下组成的组：二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)或N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)或其混合物，例如，DMF。
32.实施方案28或29所述的方法，其中
步骤(3)中脱去羧基的烯丙基保护基的试剂为四(三苯基膦)钯/苯硅烷在DCM和DMF中的溶液(DCM:DMF体积比为5：5的混合溶液)；
四(三苯基膦)钯摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的0.1-2倍，例如，0.1-0.3倍；
苯硅烷摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的2-10倍，例如，3-5倍；
使用的去保护试剂用量为每克投料树脂10-30mL，例如，为每克投料树脂20mL；
去保护反应时间为60-300min，例如，为60-120min；
脱去羧基苄基保护基的试剂为H2，10％Pd/C乙醇溶液，10％Pd/C摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的0.1-2倍，例如，0.1-0.3倍；
去保护反应时间为30-100min，例如，为30-60min；
固相环合偶联剂选自由以下组成的组：(3H-1,2,3-三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-氧基)三-1-吡咯烷基鏻六氟磷酸盐(PyAOP)、苯并三唑-1-基-氧基三吡咯烷基鏻六氟磷酸盐(PyBOP)，例如，(3H-1,2,3-三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-氧基)三-1-吡咯烷基鏻六氟磷酸盐(PyAOP)；
偶联剂的摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的1.2-6倍，例如2.0-3.5倍；
活化剂选自由以下组成的组：1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBT)、1-羟基-7-偶氮苯并三氮唑(HOAT)，例如，为1-羟基-7-偶氮苯并三氮唑(HOAT)；
活化剂的摩尔用量为投料树脂总摩尔数的1.2-6倍，例如2.0-3.5倍；
环合反应时间为1-20h，例如，为1-3h；
催化剂为有机碱，选自由以下组成的组：N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)、三乙胺(TEA)、N-甲基吗啉(NMM)，例如，为N-甲基吗啉(NMM)；
溶剂为非质子性极性溶剂，选自由以下组成的组：二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)或N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)或其混合物，例如，DMF。
33.实施方案28或29所述的方法，其中
步骤(4)中酸解选用含有氢氟酸(HF)或三氟乙酸(TFA)，例如，三氟乙酸的酸解液；
酸解液用量为每克投料树脂5-30mL，例如，为每克投料树脂10mL。所述酸解液包含三氟乙酸以及侧链保护基脱除剂；
三氟乙酸浓度为80％-95％，其余为侧链保护基脱除剂；
侧链保护基脱除剂，选自由以下组成的组：茴香硫醚、三异丙基硅烷、苯酚、水、1,2-乙二硫醇，例如，水；
酸解时间为60-300min，例如，为100-120min；
将酸解后含多肽的酸解液加到冷乙醚中(酸解液与冷乙醚体积比例为1:20)析出肽，离心，干燥得粗肽。
34.实施方案28或29所述的方法，其中
步骤(5)中粗肽溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤，经制备型高效液相色谱纯化，采用流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，进行梯度洗脱，检测波长215nm，通过冻干使产品干燥。
35.实施方案28或29所述的方法，其中
步骤(1)中，Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂的制备例如如下操作：将卤代树脂加入到多肽固相合成管中，加入DCM溶胀，溶胀结束，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次，将经保护的起始氨基酸Fmoc-AA-OP(即x位氨基酸，x为5或8或9)和DIEA用DCM溶解后加到多肽合成管中，室温反应2h，真空抽去反应液，将树脂用DMF洗三次，用DCM洗三次，得到Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂。
36.实施方案28或29所述的方法，其中
步骤(2)中，
偶联合成法逐一偶联的氨基酸和侧链羧酸(即R0-COOH)的顺序为：如果x为5，则偶联反应中氨基酸和侧链羧酸的加入顺序为4位氨基酸、3位氨基酸、2位氨基酸、1位氨基酸、侧链羧酸、10位氨基酸、9位氨基酸、8位氨基酸、7位氨基酸、6位氨基酸；
如果x为8，则偶联反应中氨基酸和侧链羧酸的加入顺序为7位氨基酸、6位氨基酸、5位氨基酸、4位氨基酸、3位氨基酸、2位氨基酸、1位氨基酸、侧链羧酸、10位氨基酸、9位氨基酸；
如果x为9，则偶联反应中氨基酸和侧链羧酸的加入顺序为8位氨基酸、7位氨基酸、6位氨基酸、5位氨基酸、4位氨基酸、3位氨基酸、2位氨基酸、1位氨基酸、侧链羧酸、10位氨基酸；
偶联合成法包括：
步骤(2)-1：步骤(1)反应得到的Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂，用20％哌啶/DMF处理2次，每次10min，从而脱去α-氨基Fmoc保护基，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次，将x-1位氨基酸、DIC和HOBT用DMF溶解后加到多肽合成管中，室温反应120min，真空抽去反应液，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次，得到二肽-树脂，即与x-1位氨基酸偶联得到保护的二肽-树脂；
按上述偶联合成法逐一偶联至1位氨基酸和侧链羧酸，得到保护的多肽-树脂；
步骤(2)-2：用2％水合肼/DMF溶液(30min)脱去上述保护的多肽-树脂的4位 氨基酸侧链氨基的ivDde或Dde保护基，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次；将10位氨基酸、DIC和HOBT用DMF溶解后加到多肽合成管中，室温反应120min，真空抽去反应液，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次，从而将10位氨基酸羧基偶联到4位氨基酸侧链氨基；
步骤(2)-3：如果x为9，则偶联合成结束，得到线性全保护的多肽-树脂；如果x为8，则按上述偶联合成法从10位氨基酸偶联至9氨基酸，得到线性全保护的多肽-树脂；如果x为5，则按上述偶联合成法从10位氨基酸逐一偶联至6位氨基酸，得到线性全保护的多肽-树脂；
37.实施方案28或29所述的方法，其中
步骤(3)中，选择性脱除保护基、固相环合的具体方法例如如下操作：将步骤(2)中线性全保护的多肽-树脂用20％哌啶/DMF处理2次，每次10min，从而脱去α-氨基Fmoc保护基，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次，形成游离氨基；用四(三苯基膦)钯/苯硅烷在DCM和DMF中的溶液(DCM:DMF体积比为5：5的混合溶液)脱去羧基烯丙基保护基(120min)，形成游离羧基；
将PyAOP、HOAT用DMF溶解后加入NMM，加到多肽合成管中，室温反应3h，真空抽去反应液，用DMF洗三次，DCM洗三次，得到环状全保护的多肽-树脂。
38.实施方案28或29所述的方法，其中
步骤(4)中，通过酸解得到的环状碱性多肽粗品的具体方法例如如下操作：将酸解液(TFA:H2O体积比为95：5)加到多肽合成管中，室温反应120min，酸解液加到冷乙醚中(TFA裂解液与冷乙醚比例为1:20)析出肽，离心，干燥得粗肽。
39.实施方案28或29所述的方法，其中
步骤(5)中，粗品纯化、转盐、冻干具体方法例如如下操作：粗品溶于水，以孔径0.22μm滤膜过滤备用，经制备型高效液相色谱，色谱填料为10μm的反相C18，流动相A 0.1％ TFA/水溶液，流动相B 0.1％TFA/乙腈溶液，22mm×250mm的色谱柱流速为10mL/min，检测波长215nm，采用梯度系统洗脱，循环进样纯化，取粗品溶液上样于色谱柱中，启动流动相洗脱，收集对应于色谱主峰的级份，将级份蒸去乙腈，得多粘菌素衍生物水溶液，冷冻干燥得产品。

Claims (12)

  1. 具有通式Ⅰ所示结构的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中所述衍生物由环状七肽、线性三肽和与线性三肽连接的侧链酰基链(R0-CO-)三部分组成，分子中至少含有三个氨基，
    Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-100001
    式中：
    R0选自由以下组成的组：CH3-O-(CH2)m-、CH3-CH2-O-(CH2)m-、(CH3)2-N-(CH2)m-、CH3-(CH2)n-CO-CH2-、
    Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-100002
    (C6-C11)-直链烷基、(C7-C12)-支链烷基、羟基取代的(C6-C11)-直链烷基、羟基取代的(C7-C12)-支链烷基；m是4-10的整数，n是2-9的整数，R10选自由以下组成的组：苯基、被(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基取代的苯基，例如，在与R10连接的O形成的苯基对位被(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基取代的苯基；“m是4-10的整数”与“m是4、5、6、7、8、9或10的整数”具有相同含义，“n是2-9的整数”与“n是2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10的整数”具有相同含义；
    R1和R3独立选自由以下组成的组：-CH2OH、-CH(CH3)OH、-(CH2)2-S-CH3、(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基、NH2-(CH2)x-和NH2-C(＝NH)-NH-(CH2)x-，x是1-4的整数；1位氨基酸的构型为L型，3位氨基酸的构型为D或L型；“x是1-4的整数”与“x是1、2、3或4的整数”具有相同含义；
    R2和R9独立选自由以下组成的组：-CH2OH、-CH(CH3)OH、-(CH2)2-S-CH3、-CH2NH2、-(CH2)2NH2、-(CH2)3NH2、-(CH2)4NH2和(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基；2、10位氨基酸的构型为L型；
    R4、R7和R8独立选自由以下组成的组：-CH2OH、-CH(CH3)OH、-(CH2)2-S-CH3、(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基、NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数；5、8、9位氨基酸的构型为L型；“y是1-4的整数”与“y是1、2、3或4的整数”具有相同含义；
    R5和R6独立选自由以下组成的组：H、(C1-C8)-直链或者(C3-C8)-支链烷基、-CH2OH、-CH(CH3)OH、-(CH2)2-S-CH3和-CH2-R11；R11选自由以下组成的组：苯基、3-吲哚基、
    Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-100003
    6位氨基酸的构型为D或L型，7位氨基酸的构型为L型；R12、R13和R14独立选自由以下组成的组：-OH、-NH2、-F、-Cl、-Br、-CN、-NO2、-CF3、CH3O-、CH3CH2O-、(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基、苯基、苄基、苯甲酰基；
    直链烷基可以是甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊烷基、己烷基、庚烷基、辛烷基或壬烷基；支链烷基可以是异丙基、叔丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、5-甲基己烷基、5-甲基庚烷基、6-甲基庚烷基、6-甲基辛烷基，例如(S)-5-甲基庚烷基，
    z是0-3的整数，4位氨基酸的构型为L型，“z是0-3的整数”与“z是0、1、2或3的整数”具有相同含义，
    其中不包括化合物8、10、12、30、31、42、43、44、45、46、47、58、59、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、82、86、102、103、115、127、128、143、144。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中z＝1，结构如通式Ⅱ所示：
    Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-100004
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0选自由以下组成的组：
    CH3-O-(CH2)m-，m＝4-10；(CH3)2-N-(CH2)m-，m＝4-10；CH3-(CH2)n-CO-CH2-，n＝2-9；
    Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-100005
    R10是苯基，或在与R10连接的O形成的苯基对位被(C1-C4)-直链取代的苯基， 例如在与R10连接的O形成的苯基对位被-CH3取代的苯基；羟基取代的(C7-C12)-支链烷基，例如2-羟基-5-甲基庚烷基；
    R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
    R2是-CH(CH3)OH；
    R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
    3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
    R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
    R5是-CH2-R11；R11为苯基；
    6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
    R6是(C3-C8)-支链烷基，例如异丁基；
    R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
    R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
    R9是-CH(CH3)OH；
    其中不包括化合物8和10。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0选自由以下组成的组：
    CH3-O-(CH2)m-，m＝4-10；(CH3)2-N-(CH2)m-，m＝4-10；CH3-(CH2)n-CO-CH2-，n＝2-9；
    Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-100006
    R10是在与R10连接的O形成的苯基对位被(C1-C4)-直链取代的苯基，例如在与R10连接的O形成的苯基对位被-CH3取代的苯基；
    R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
    R2是-CH(CH3)OH；
    R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
    3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
    R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
    R5是-CH2-R11；R11为苯基；
    6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
    R6是(C3-C8)-支链烷基，例如异丁基；
    R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
    R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
    R9是-CH(CH3)OH。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0选自由以下组成的组：(C7-C12)-支链烷基，例如5-甲基庚烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基；
    R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
    R2是-CH(CH3)OH；
    R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
    3位氨基酸的构型为L型；
    R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；
    R5是-CH2-R11；R11选自由以下组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-100007
    R12选自由以下组成的组：-NH2、-OH、-CN、-NO2、-F、-Cl、-Br、–CF3、CH3-O-、CH3-CH2-O-、(C1-C4)-直链或者(C3-C4)-支链烷基、–苄基、–苯甲酰基；R13和R14选自由以下组成的组：H、-F、-Cl、-Br；
    6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
    R6是(C3-C8)-支链烷基，例如异丁基；
    R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
    R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；
    R9是-CH(CH3)OH；
    其中不包括化合物12。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，
    R0选自由以下组成的组：(C6-C11)-直链烷基、例如己烷基、庚烷基、辛烷基、(C7-C12)-支链烷基、例如5-甲基庚烷基、5-甲基己烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基；
    R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
    R2是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
    R3是-CH2OH，3位氨基酸的构型为D型；
    R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
    R5是-CH2-R11；R11为苯基；
    6位氨基酸的构型为D型；
    R6是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
    R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
    R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
    R9是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
    其中不包括化合物115。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，其中，R0选自由以下组成的组：(C7-C12)-支链烷基、例如5-甲基庚烷基、5-甲基己烷基、(S)-5-甲基庚烷基，(C6-C11)-直链烷基、例如己烷基、庚烷基、辛烷基；
    R1是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
    R2是-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH；
    R3是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；3位氨基酸的构型为D型；
    R4是NH2-(CH2)x-，x＝1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
    R5选自由以下组成的组：(C3-C8)-支链烷基、例如异丁基、-CH(CH3)OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH，6位氨基酸的构型为D或L型；
    R6是-CH(CH3)OH、例如(R)-CH(CH3)OH或-CH2OH；
    R7是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
    R8是NH2-(CH2)y-，y是1-4的整数，例如2；或-CH2OH；
    R9是-CH(CH3)OH；
    其中不包括化合物30和31。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐，所述多粘菌素衍生物选自由以下组成的组：化合物1至152，其中不包括化合物8、10、12、30、31、42、43、44、45、46、47、58、59、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、82、86、102、103、115、127、128、143、144。
  9. 一种药物组合物，其特征在于，药物组合物中含如权利要求1-8任一项所述多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐与药学上可接受载体或赋形剂。
  10. 如权利要求1-8任一项所述多粘菌素衍生物或其可药用盐在制备抗菌药物中的用途，特别是在制备抗携带NDM-1基因的“超级细菌”的抗菌药物中的用途。
  11. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述化合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)经保护的碱性氨基酸Fmoc-AA-OP侧链游离氨基和卤代树脂反应得到Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂；P为羧基保护基，例如，烯丙基、苄基；当Fmoc-AA-OP为Fmoc-Dab-OP时，其结构如式Ⅲ所示；当Fmoc-AA-OP为Fmoc-Dap-OP时，其结构如式Ⅳ所示：
    Figure PCTCN2017116484-appb-100008
    (2)Fmoc-AA-OP-树脂逐一偶联得到线性多肽-树脂；
    (3)经由线性多肽-树脂选择性脱除保护基、固相环合得到环状多肽-树脂；
    (4)环状多肽-树脂经酸解得环状多肽粗品；
    (5)环状多肽粗品经纯化和/或转盐，冻干得环状多肽纯品。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的制备方法，其特征在于，使用DIC/HOBT作为缩合剂，无需加入碱作催化剂。
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AU2017376711B2 (en) 2020-07-16
CN110072878A (zh) 2019-07-30
JP6975433B2 (ja) 2021-12-01
EP3556769A1 (en) 2019-10-23
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US20190315806A1 (en) 2019-10-17
CN110072878B (zh) 2021-07-23

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