WO2018107712A1 - 一种钻机钻直孔钻进方法 - Google Patents

一种钻机钻直孔钻进方法 Download PDF

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WO2018107712A1
WO2018107712A1 PCT/CN2017/089970 CN2017089970W WO2018107712A1 WO 2018107712 A1 WO2018107712 A1 WO 2018107712A1 CN 2017089970 W CN2017089970 W CN 2017089970W WO 2018107712 A1 WO2018107712 A1 WO 2018107712A1
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drill pipe
drilling
drill
threaded
pipe
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PCT/CN2017/089970
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English (en)
French (fr)
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林柏泉
杨威
胡欣然
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中国矿业大学
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Publication of WO2018107712A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018107712A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • E21B17/042—Threaded
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drilling machine drilling straight hole drilling method, in particular to a drilling machine drilling straight hole drilling method used for long distance drilling of surrounding rock soft and hard uneven areas.
  • Extraction is the fundamental way to solve the problem of coal mine gas.
  • the location of the extraction hole has a great impact on the gas drainage efficiency.
  • the drainage effect of coal mine gas drainage drilling in China is very poor, reflecting the actual position and design position of the drilling hole.
  • the main way of drilling at this stage is to drill a single type of drill pipe.
  • the drill pipe is mainly round. There is a certain gap between the drill pipe and the borehole wall. When the drilling distance is long, the drill bit is unevenly stressed. The drill pipe begins to bend away from the direction of the drilling axis, and it is difficult for the drill to reach the specified position.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a low-cost drilling method which can effectively prevent the deviation of the drill pipe during drilling.
  • the drilling method for drilling a straight hole of the drilling machine of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the drilling machine drills a straight hole drilling method, which uses a drill bit and a drill pipe for drilling.
  • the drill pipe includes a circular drill pipe and a threaded drill pipe, and includes the following steps:
  • the threaded drill pipe and the ordinary round drill pipe and the drill pipe have the same inner diameter, and are fastened by internal threads or connecting members provided with connecting threads at both ends.
  • the outer diameter of the threaded drill pipe is the same as the drill bit, and the outer diameter of the drill pipe is larger than that of the circular drill pipe
  • the threaded drill rod is composed of an empty cylinder and an external thread, and is composed of high-strength steel material, and has high bending strength, and effectively prevents bending when the bit is unevenly stressed.
  • the thread on the threaded drill pipe is a common threaded rod thread or a large spiral thread.
  • the thread height of the large spiral thread is 10 mm-30 mm.
  • the present invention effectively prevents the deviation of the drill pipe during the drilling process and the deviation of the drill hole from the design position by connecting a threaded drill pipe between the first circular drill pipe and the subsequent circular drill pipe.
  • drilling begins, it is determined that the drilling angle starts to drill, the drill bit enters the surrounding rock (coal body), and the drill pipe also enters the surrounding rock (coal body), when the two drill pipes enter the surrounding rock (coal body)
  • the direction of the rear hole is determined. Since the second section of the drill pipe is a threaded drill pipe with the same outer diameter as the drill bit, the gap between the inner wall of the borehole and it is small, effective limitation and the swing of the first two sections of the drill pipe.
  • the drill pipe When the drill bit is subjected to uneven force, the drill pipe has a tendency to deflect in a direction of small force. At this time, since the gap between the drill pipe and the borehole wall is small, the drilled wall can effectively give the drill pipe reaction force, and the drill pipe cannot be used. Swing and offset prevent the drill bit from drifting in the direction of the drill. In addition, when the drilling distance is long, due to the large number of drill pipes, the drill pipe is inevitably swayed. At this time, the drill pipe is restrained by the drill hole wall and cannot be swung, and the direction of the drill bit is firmly determined. The swing of the rear drill pipe does not affect the direction of the drill. At the same time, a large amount of cuttings will be discharged from the drill bit.
  • the first section of the drill pipe uses a common circular drill pipe, and the resistance between the drill hole and the drill wall is small, and the drill cuttings reach the second section of the drill pipe.
  • the flow rate of the chips is greatly reduced, and the thread of the threaded drill pipe can effectively discharge the slag. If all of the threaded drill rods are used, the drilling resistance will be very large, and only the second section of the drill rod uses a threaded drill rod to effectively control the drilling resistance.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the connection of a drill bit of the present invention
  • the drilling method for drilling a straight hole of the present invention is performed by using a drill bit 6 and a drill pipe 2, which includes a circular drill pipe 5 and a threaded drill pipe 3, a threaded drill pipe 3 and
  • the common circular drill pipe 2 and the drill pipe 5 have the same inner diameter, and are fastened by internal threads or connecting members provided with connecting threads at both ends.
  • the outer diameter of the threaded drill pipe 3 is the same as that of the drill bit 6, and the outer diameter of the drill pipe is smaller than that of the circular drill pipe. 5 big.
  • the threaded drill pipe 3 is composed of an empty cylinder and an external thread, and is composed of high-strength steel material, and has high bending strength, and effectively prevents bending when the bit is unevenly stressed.
  • the thread on the threaded drill pipe 3 is a common threaded rod thread or a large spiral thread.
  • the thread height of the large spiral thread is 10 mm-30 mm.

Abstract

一种钻机钻直孔钻进方法，适用于煤矿井下抽采钻孔钻进。将钻头（6）装在一节圆形钻杆（5）上，开始钻孔钻进工作，钻进一节钻杆的距离后，连接上一节外径与钻头相同的螺纹钻杆（3），继续钻进，等螺纹钻杆进入钻孔（4），连接圆形钻杆（5），按照一般方法钻进，直至钻孔达到指定位置。该方法具有钻进轨迹直、操作简单和有效排渣等优点，能够有效解决钻头受力不均导致的钻孔偏离预定轨迹，同时螺纹钻杆购买方便，价格便宜，打钻成本低。

Description

一种钻机钻直孔钻进方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种钻机钻直孔钻进方法，尤其适用于围岩软硬不均地区的长距离钻进使用的钻机钻直孔钻进方法。
背景技术
抽采是解决煤矿瓦斯问题的根本途径，抽采钻孔的位置对瓦斯抽采效率有很大影响，我国煤矿瓦斯抽采钻孔的抽采效果很差，反应了钻孔实际位置与设计位置偏差大的问题。现阶段钻进的主要方式为单类型钻杆钻进，钻杆主要为圆形，该方法钻杆与钻孔壁之间有一定间隙，当钻进距离长的时候，由于钻头受力不均，钻杆开始变弯偏离钻进轴线方向，钻孔很难到达指定位置。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是克服已有技术中的不足之处，提供一种低成本的、能有效防止钻进过程中钻杆偏移的钻进方法。
技术方案：本发明的钻机钻直孔钻进方法，包括如下步骤：
钻机钻直孔钻进方法，利用钻头和钻杆进行钻进，所述钻杆包括圆形钻杆和螺纹钻杆，包括如下步骤：
a、选择一节圆形钻杆作为第一节钻杆，在第一节钻杆头部上安装钻头，在第一节钻杆尾部通过连接件与钻机相连接，并开始钻进；
b、当第一节钻杆随着钻进钻入钻孔时，停止钻进，将钻机与第一节钻杆尾部分离，通过连接件连接一节螺纹钻杆作为第二节钻杆，将钻机与螺纹钻杆连接后继续钻进；
c、当螺纹钻杆随着钻进钻入钻孔时，停止钻进，将钻机与螺纹钻杆分离，利用连接件继续连接一节圆形钻杆，继续钻进；
d、按照常规钻进方法继续钻进钻孔，利用连接件和圆形钻杆延长钻杆直至达到钻孔钻进到指定位置，完成钻进。
螺纹钻杆和普通圆形钻杆和钻杆内径相同，通过内螺纹或两端设有连接螺纹的连接件连接紧固。螺纹钻杆外径和钻头相同，二者外径比圆形钻杆大。所述的螺纹钻杆由空圆柱加外面螺纹构成，由高强度钢材构成，抗弯强度高，有效防止钻头受力不均时发生弯曲。所述螺纹钻杆上的螺纹为普通螺纹杆螺纹或者大螺旋螺纹，所述大螺旋螺纹的螺纹牙高度为10mm-30mm，当钻进岩壁结构松脆可以有效提高钻进的稳定性。
有益效果：本发明通过在第一节圆形钻杆和后续圆形钻杆之间连接一节螺纹钻杆，有效的防止了钻进过程中钻杆的偏移，以及钻孔偏离设计位置。开始钻进时，确定好钻进角度开始打钻，钻头进入围岩(煤体)，钻杆也进入围岩(煤体)，当这两节钻杆进入围岩(煤体) 后钻孔方向确定。由于第二节钻杆是螺纹钻杆，其外径和钻头相同，所以钻孔内壁和它之间间隙很小，有效的限制和前两节钻杆的摆动。在钻头受到不均匀力时，钻杆会有向受力小的方向偏转的倾向，这时由于钻杆和钻孔壁间隙很小，钻孔壁能有效给予钻杆反作用力，导致钻杆无法摆动和偏移，防止了钻头钻进方向发生偏移。此外，当钻进距离很长时，由于钻杆数量众多，钻杆难免发生晃动偏移，此时前两节钻杆受钻孔壁约束而无法摆动，牢牢确定着钻头钻进的方向，后面的钻杆的摆动无法影响钻进方向。于此同时，大量钻屑会从钻头处排出，第一节钻杆采用普通圆形钻杆，其和钻孔壁间间隙大钻屑的阻力小，钻屑到达第二节钻杆时，钻屑的流量大大减小，此时螺纹钻杆的螺纹已经能有效排渣。如果全部采用螺纹钻杆，其钻进阻力会很大，只有第二节钻杆采用螺纹钻杆，有效控制了钻进阻力。
附图说明
图1是本发明的钻杆钻头连接示意图；
图中：1-钻孔围岩，2-钻杆，3-螺纹钻杆，4-钻孔，5-圆形钻杆，6-钻头。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
如图1所示，本发明的钻机钻直孔钻进方法，利用钻头6和钻杆2进行钻进，所述钻杆2包括圆形钻杆5和螺纹钻杆3，螺纹钻杆3和普通圆形钻杆2和钻杆5内径相同，通过内螺纹或两端设有连接螺纹的连接件连接紧固，螺纹钻杆3外径和钻头6相同，二者外径比圆形钻杆5大。
所述的螺纹钻杆3由空圆柱加外面螺纹构成，由高强度钢材构成，抗弯强度高，有效防止钻头受力不均时发生弯曲。所述螺纹钻杆3上的螺纹为普通螺纹杆螺纹或者大螺旋螺纹，所述大螺旋螺纹的螺纹牙高度为10mm-30mm，当钻进岩壁结构松脆可以有效提高钻进的稳定性。
包括如下步骤：
a、选择一节圆形钻杆5作为第一节钻杆，在第一节钻杆头部上安装钻头6，在第一节钻杆尾部通过连接件与钻机相连接，并开始钻进；
b、当第一节钻杆随着钻进钻入钻孔4时，停止钻进，将钻机与第一节钻杆尾部分离，通过连接件连接一节螺纹钻杆3作为第二节钻杆，将钻机与螺纹钻杆3连接后继续钻进；
c、当螺纹钻杆3随着钻进钻入钻孔4时，停止钻进，将钻机与螺纹钻杆3分离，利用连接件继续连接一节圆形钻杆2，继续钻进；
d、按照常规钻进方法继续钻进钻孔4，利用连接件和圆形钻杆5延长钻杆直至达到钻孔钻进到指定位置，完成钻进。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种钻机钻直孔钻进方法，利用钻头(6)和钻杆(2)进行钻进，所述钻杆(2)包括圆形钻杆(5)和螺纹钻杆(3)，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
    a、选择一节圆形钻杆(5)作为第一节钻杆，在第一节钻杆头部上安装钻头(6)，在第一节钻杆尾部通过连接件与钻机相连接，并开始钻进；
    b、当第一节钻杆随着钻进钻入钻孔(4)时，停止钻进，将钻机与第一节钻杆尾部分离，通过连接件连接一节螺纹钻杆(3)作为第二节钻杆，将钻机与螺纹钻杆(3)连接后继续钻进；
    c、当螺纹钻杆(3)随着钻进钻入钻孔(4)时，停止钻进，将钻机与螺纹钻杆(3)分离，利用连接件继续连接一节圆形钻杆(2)，继续钻进；
    d、按照常规钻进方法继续钻进钻孔(4)，利用连接件和圆形钻杆(5)延长钻杆直至达到钻孔钻进到指定位置，完成钻进。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的钻机钻直孔钻进方法，其特征在于：螺纹钻杆(3)和普通圆形钻杆(2)和钻杆(5)内径相同，通过内螺纹或两端设有连接螺纹的连接件连接紧固。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的钻机钻直孔钻进方法，其特征在于：螺纹钻杆(3)外径和钻头(6)相同，二者外径比圆形钻杆(5)大。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的钻机钻直孔钻进方法，其特征在于：所述的螺纹钻杆(3)由空圆柱加外面螺纹构成，由高强度钢材构成，抗弯强度高，有效防止钻头受力不均时发生弯曲。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的钻机钻直孔钻进方法，其特征在于：所述螺纹钻杆(3)上的螺纹为普通螺纹杆螺纹或者大螺旋螺纹，所述大螺旋螺纹的螺纹牙高度为10mm-30mm，当钻进岩壁结构松脆能有效提高钻进的稳定性。
PCT/CN2017/089970 2016-12-15 2017-06-26 一种钻机钻直孔钻进方法 WO2018107712A1 (zh)

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