WO2018107445A1 - 一种动物营养强化剂及其应用 - Google Patents

一种动物营养强化剂及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2018107445A1
WO2018107445A1 PCT/CN2016/110202 CN2016110202W WO2018107445A1 WO 2018107445 A1 WO2018107445 A1 WO 2018107445A1 CN 2016110202 W CN2016110202 W CN 2016110202W WO 2018107445 A1 WO2018107445 A1 WO 2018107445A1
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animal
nutrition
source
feed
egg
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PCT/CN2016/110202
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English (en)
French (fr)
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胡文锋
庞旭
李楚君
周海泳
朱剑锋
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生物源生物技术（深圳）股份有限公司
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Priority to EP16898871.5A priority Critical patent/EP3378328B1/en
Priority to PL16898871.5T priority patent/PL3378328T3/pl
Priority to US15/553,579 priority patent/US10602757B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/110202 priority patent/WO2018107445A1/zh
Publication of WO2018107445A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018107445A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of animal nutrition additives, and more particularly to an animal nutrition fortifier and application thereof.
  • animal nutrition fortifiers are generally made from animal, plant and microbial sources of protein, fat and nucleic acids.
  • the animal protein and fat currently used for the preparation of nutritional fortifiers are mainly derived from milk proteins, whey proteins, plasma proteins, animal internal organs such as liver, intestinal membrane and the like.
  • Plant-derived proteins and fats are mainly derived from seeds or processing by-products of oil crops such as soybeans.
  • Microbial sources mainly include yeast extracts and algal flour rich in protein, fat and nucleic acid produced by yeast powder and microalgae processing.
  • Edible insect protein will be a new source of animal feed protein and fat.
  • FEO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
  • Food Insects – The Future of Food and Feed Safety which strongly advocates the development of edible insects as a source of new protein and fat for human or animal use in the future.
  • insect protein is rich in antibacterial peptides, which contain high concentrations of lauric acid and unknown growth factors, which have a positive impact on the growth and health of humans and farm animals.
  • Insect larvae contain 40% or more of protein and have a reasonable amino acid composition, which is suitable for the cultivation of poultry and aquatic products.
  • Insect fat has a wide variety of fatty acids, containing up to ten or more saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids such as lauric acid, palmitic acid, etc., unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid and the like.
  • Insects have just started as a new feed protein.
  • the so-called insect feed protein raw material that has just been introduced on the market has low insect protein content, mainly compounded vegetable protein, traditional animal protein, and has relatively low fatty acid content.
  • the products of the primary animal nutrition enhancer are still composed of traditional animal sources and plant-derived proteins and fats, and cannot effectively provide sufficient nutrition for the newborn animals for rapid growth.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel animal nutrition fortifier according to the deficiencies of existing products.
  • insect eggs are more nutritious. Compared with insect larvae, adults or cockroaches, the concentration of proteins, fats and unknown growth factors contained in insect eggs is higher, and the growth and health care of animals, especially nascent animals and weak animals, and disease The treatment of animals is remarkable. These animals include newborn suckling piglets, weak piglets, stiff pigs, etc.; newborn chicks, ducks and other poultry, aquatic products and pets.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the above animal nutrition enhancer.
  • the present invention provides an animal nutrition fortifier comprising edible insect eggs.
  • the edible insect eggs are one or more of black water locust eggs, yellow mealworm eggs, fly eggs, and the like.
  • the nutritional fortifier further comprises one or more of other animal source nutrition, plant source nutrition, microbial source nutrition, and protective agent;
  • the other animal source nutrient is derived from one or more of cow's milk, goat's milk, fish meal, fish paste, avian egg yolk, animal muscle or visceral extract; the plant source nutrient is selected from soybean protein, fat or corn One or more of the pulp; the microbial source nutrient comprises one or both of a yeast extract or a microalgae extract.
  • the protective agent comprises one or more of skim milk, trehalose, glycerin, and an antioxidant.
  • edible insect eggs account for 50% to 90%; other animal sources account for 0%-10%; plant source nutrition accounts for 0%-10%; microbial source nutrition accounts for 0%-10%; The protective agent accounts for 0.1%-20%.
  • the edible insect eggs are first mixed with the protective agent, ground at low temperature, then dried and pulverized, and then added to other animal sources.
  • the invention simultaneously protects the application of the above nutritional additive in preparing animal feed nutritional supplement.
  • the nutritional fortifier is added to animal feed, in drinking water, or directly by artificial feeding.
  • the nutritional fortifier is added to the animal feed in a ratio of 0.01 to 0.5% (w/w), or in drinking water, or directly fed 1 g to 5 g per serving per day.
  • the animal comprises a nascent animal, a weaned animal, a physiologic weak animal or an already diseased animal.
  • the species of the animal comprises an aquatic animal, a poultry or a pet.
  • the aquatic animal includes fish, shrimp, crab, and the like.
  • Livestock animals include pigs, chickens, ducks, etc.
  • Pets include cats, dogs, ornamental birds, reptiles, and the like.
  • the present invention simultaneously protects a low moisture content dry powdered or high moisture cream product prepared from the edible insect eggs.
  • the invention simultaneously protects the use of the nutritional enhancer in the preparation of an additive for controlling diarrhea in newborn animals.
  • the invention also provides the use of the nutritional enhancer in the preparation of an additive for increasing the feed intake of an animal.
  • the nutrition fortifier of the invention is applied to the feed formula of the newborn piglets, the weight gain effect is obvious, and the feed intake is increased, and the incidence of common diarrhea in the piglets is also greatly reduced.
  • the nutrition fortifier of the present invention is applied to the feed formula of the laying hen, the egg production rate is improved, the egg pass rate is improved, and the feed intake is promoted.
  • the nutritional fortifier of the present invention When the nutritional fortifier of the present invention is applied to a feed formulation of an aquafeed (for example, Japanese carp), the food intake is increased, the Japanese squid is fond of eating, and the feed efficiency is increased.
  • an aquafeed for example, Japanese carp
  • the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
  • the invention directly uses the edible insect eggs as a nutrition fortifier, is simple to prepare, and can effectively improve the growth performance and health level of animals, including livestock, aquatic animals and pets.
  • the nutritional fortifier provided by the invention has good control effect on the diarrhea problem often occurring in the initial living matter, and can also significantly increase the feed intake, improve the feed utilization rate, reduce the ratio of the meat to the meat or the ratio of the egg to the egg, and improve the comprehensive breeding. benefit.
  • Example 1 Blackwater locust eggs as raw materials for nutritional supplements
  • the blackwater locust egg is mixed with the protective agent glycerin, ground at a low temperature, then freeze-dried, pulverized, and dried to a moisture content of less than 12%.
  • the use of 0.1% of the nutrient fortifier feed to feed the one-week-old ternary hybrid piglets can increase the weight gain and feed intake and improve the intestinal health of the pigs. Reduce the incidence of diarrhea and reduce the ratio of meat to meat.
  • Example 3 Using a common commercial egg-feed special feed, 0.05% of the nutritional fortifier prepared in Example 1 was mixed and kept for one month, and compared with ordinary commercial feed without adding a nutritional supplement, the experimental results are shown in Table 3:
  • Example 5 For newborn piglets
  • the nutritional fortifier formula is as follows: 50% of edible insect eggs, 10% of bovine colostrum; 10% of soy protein; 10% of yeast extract; 20% of glycerin.
  • Example 5 Using a common commercial piglet feed feed, 0.1% of the nutritional fortifier prepared in Example 5 was mixed; 14-day-old ternary mixed piglets were selected and kept for two weeks, and were used as common commercial feeds without added nutritional supplements. Compared. The experimental results are shown in Table 4:
  • Example 6 For newborn piglets
  • the nutritional fortifier formula is as follows: 70% of edible insect eggs, 6% of bovine colostrum; 6% of soy protein; 6% of yeast extract; 12% of glycerin.
  • the use of the nutrient fortifier feed provided by the present invention to feed piglets can increase the weight gain rate and food intake, improve the intestinal health and reduce the incidence of diarrhea, and simultaneously improve the feeding rate of the piglets. Can reduce the ratio of meat to meat.
  • test chickens were newborn broiler chickens 1-4 days old, and the male and female babies were fed separately. Use food for sale, normal immunization.
  • the product of the present invention was uniformly mixed in chicken drinking water, 300 g per 10,000 chickens per day, and fed continuously for 3 days.
  • the control group received normal drinking water.
  • the yellow feather cock is out of the field for 59 days, and the yellow feather hen is released for 70 days.
  • the growth performance of the two groups was observed and the comprehensive benefits were analyzed. The results are shown in Tables 7 and 8, respectively.
  • Example 2 The test conditions were the same as in Example 2, compared with the other nutritional enhancers of Examples 1-8, and the formulations were as follows:
  • the animal source bovine colostrum is 60%, the plant source soybean protein is 35%, and the microbial source yeast extract is 10%.
  • the effect is shown in Table 9:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
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Abstract

一种动物营养强化剂，包括食用昆虫虫卵，所述虫卵为黑水虻虫卵、黄粉虫虫卵、蝇虫卵等中的一种或多种。该营养强化剂能有效改善动物包括禽畜、水产动物等的健康水平，还能提高采食量和饲料转化水平，提高养殖综合效益。

Description

一种动物营养强化剂及其应用 技术领域
本发明属于动物营养添加剂技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种动物营养强化剂及其应用。
背景技术
随着畜牧业、水产业、宠物经济的高速发展，行业越来越注重禽畜、水产以及宠物的营养健康，其生命质量及健康愈受关注，推动了国内外的高效营养强化产品的开发，如蛋白粉、脂肪粉、高能营养膏等的开发与应用。
常用的动物营养强化剂一般由动物源、植物源和微生物源的蛋白质、脂肪及核酸等制成。目前常用于制备营养强化剂的动物源蛋白质和脂肪主要来源于乳蛋白、乳清蛋白、血浆蛋白、动物内脏如肝脏、肠膜等。植物源蛋白质和脂肪主要来源于大豆等油料作物的种子或加工副产物。微生物源主要包括由酵母粉和微藻加工制成的富含蛋白、脂肪和核酸的酵母膏和藻粉。
食用昆虫蛋白将是新型动物饲料蛋白与脂肪来源。2013年5月，联合国粮农组织(FAO)发表了一份报告，《食用昆虫——食品与饲料安全的未来展望》，大力提倡各国开发食用昆虫作为未来人用或动物用新型蛋白质和脂肪来源，减少对土地的依赖，减少对森林的破坏，并减少温室效应气体的排放。另一方面，昆虫所蛋白质中含有丰富的抗菌肽，所含脂肪具有高浓度的月桂酸，以及未知的生长因子等，对人和养殖动物的生长和健康都有正面的影响。
昆虫幼虫干虫所含蛋白质达40％或以上，且氨基酸组成合理，适合于家禽和水产等的养殖。昆虫脂肪中，脂肪酸种类繁多，含有多达十种以上饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸及多不饱和脂肪酸。饱和脂肪酸如月桂酸、棕榈酸等，不饱和脂肪酸如油酸等，多不饱和脂肪酸如亚油酸等。
昆虫作为新型饲料蛋白还刚刚起步。目前市场上刚刚推出的所谓昆虫饲料蛋白原料其昆虫蛋白质含量低，主要复配植物蛋白、传统动物蛋白质，且脂肪酸含量都相对较低。而初生动物营养强化剂类的产品仍以传统的动物源和植物源蛋白和脂肪组成，并不能有效地给初生动物提供足够的营养，以供快速生长。
鉴于此，我们开发出营养更为丰富，且更加高效的营养强化剂产品，以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于根据现有产品的不足，提供了一种新的动物营养强化剂。
根据我们的研究发现，昆虫虫卵营养更丰富。相对于昆虫幼虫、成虫或蛹而言，昆虫虫卵中所含的蛋白质、脂肪以及未知生长因子的浓度更高，对动物，特别是初生动物、弱小动物的保生长和保健，以及对患病动物的救治效果显著。这些动物包括初生哺乳仔猪、弱仔猪、僵猪等；初生雏鸡、鸭等家禽，水产以及宠物等。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述动物营养强化剂的应用。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现：
本发明提供了一种动物营养强化剂，包括食用昆虫虫卵。
优选地，所述食用昆虫虫卵为黑水虻虫卵、黄粉虫虫卵、蝇虫卵等中的一种或多种。
优选地，所述营养强化剂还包括其他动物源营养、植物源营养、微生物源营养、保护剂中的一种或多种；
所述的其他动物源营养来源于牛乳、羊乳、鱼粉、鱼膏、禽卵黄、动物肌肉或内脏提取物中的一种或多种；所述的植物源营养选自大豆蛋白、油脂或玉米浆中的一种或多种；所述的微生物源营养包括酵母提取物或微藻提取物中的一种或两种。
更优选地，所述保护剂包括脱脂乳、海藻糖、甘油、抗氧化剂中的一种或多种。
优选地，按质量百分比计，食用昆虫虫卵占50％～90％；其他动物源营养占0％-10％；植物源营养占0％-10％；微生物源营养占0％-10％；保护剂占0.1％-20％。
当营养强化剂中包含昆虫虫卵，其他动物源营养、植物源营养、微生物源营养及保护剂时，先将食用昆虫虫卵与保护剂混合，低温研磨，之后干燥粉碎，再加入其他动物源营养、植物源营养和微生物源营养，混合均匀，烘干至水分低于12％的粉状产品；或混合均匀后，制备成膏状产品。
本发明同时保护上述营养添加剂在制备动物饲料营养添加剂中的应用。
优先地，将所述营养强化剂添加到动物饲料中、饮水中，或者直接人工喂服。
优选地，将所述营养强化剂按照0.01～0.5％(w/w)的比例添加到动物饲料中，或饮水中，或每天直接喂服每头份1克-5克。
优选地，所述动物包括初生动物、离乳动物、体质弱小动物或已患病动物。
更优选地，所述动物的种类包括水产动物、禽畜或宠物。
优选地，水产动物包括鱼、虾、蟹等。禽畜动物包括猪、鸡、鸭等；宠物包括猫、狗、观赏鸟、爬行动物等。
另外，本发明同时保护由所述食用昆虫虫卵制备的低水分含量的干粉状或高水分的膏状产品。
本发明同时保护所述的营养强化剂在制备防治初生动物腹泻的添加剂中的应用。
本发明同时提供所述的营养强化剂在制备提高动物采食量的添加剂中的应用。
将本发明的营养强化剂应用在初生仔猪的饲料配方中，其增重效果明显，且采食量增加，仔猪常见的腹泻发生率也大大降低。
将本发明的营养强化剂应用在蛋鸡的饲料配方中，其产蛋率提升，蛋合格率得到提高，且促进采食量。
将本发明的营养强化剂应用在水产饲料(例如日本鲈鱼)的饲料配方中，其摄食量增加，日本鲈鱼喜食，饲料效率增加。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点及有益效果：
本发明直接将食用昆虫虫卵作为营养强化剂，制备简单，且可以有效提升动物，包括禽畜、水产动物和宠物的生长性能和健康水平。此外，本发明提供的营养强化剂对于初生动物中常有发生的腹泻问题有良好的防治效果，同时还能显著提升采食量，提升饲料利用率，降低料肉比或料蛋比，提高养殖综合效益。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例来进一步说明本发明，但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。除非特别说明，本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。
除非特别说明，本发明所用试剂和材料均为市购。
实施例1：黑水虻虫卵作为营养添加剂原料
黑水虻虫卵卵与保护剂甘油混合，低温研磨，之后冷冻干燥、粉碎，烘干至水分低于12％。
实施例2：应用效果(针对初生仔猪)
普通市售仔猪教槽饲料，混入0.1％的实施例1制备得到的营养强化剂；一周龄三元杂仔猪作为试验动物，饲养两周，并以不添加营养强化剂的普通市售教槽饲料作为对比。实验结果见表1：
表1本营养添加剂对初生仔猪生长性能的影响
Figure PCTCN2016110202-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2016110202-appb-000002
表1中可以看出，使用添加0.1％的营养强化剂饲料饲养一周龄三元杂初生仔猪，与用普通教槽饲料相比，能同时提高增重和采食量，改善其肠道健康，降低腹泻发病率，降低料肉比。
实施例3：应用效果(针对日本鲈鱼)
使用普通的市售日本鲈鱼饲养专用饲料，混入0.5％的实施例1制备得到的营养强化剂，饲养一个月，并以不添加营养强化剂的普通市售饲料作为对比，实验结果见表2：
表2本营养添加剂对日本鲈鱼生长性能的影响
Figure PCTCN2016110202-appb-000003
从表2可以看出，使用了加入0.5％的营养强化剂饲料饲养日本鲈鱼与用普通饲料喂养对比，能提高成活率、饲料效率以及特定生长率。
实施例4：应用效果(针对蛋鸡)
使用普通的市售蛋鸡专用饲料，混入0.05％的实施例1制备得到的营养强化剂，饲养一个月，并以不添加营养强化剂的普通市售饲料作为对比，实验结果见表3：
表3本营养添加剂对蛋鸡生产性能的影响
Figure PCTCN2016110202-appb-000004
从表3可以看出，使用了加入0.05％的营养强化剂饲料饲养蛋鸡与用普通饲料喂养对比，能同时提高产蛋率，每只鸡采食量以及蛋合格率，效果明显。
实施例5：针对初生仔猪
营养强化剂配方如下：食用昆虫虫卵占50％，牛初乳占10％；大豆蛋白占10％；酵母提取物占10％；甘油20％。
使用普通的市售仔猪教槽饲料，混入0.1％的实施例5制备得到的营养强化剂；选取14日龄三元杂仔猪，饲养两周，并以不添加营养强化剂的普通市售饲料作为对比。实验结果见表4：
表4本营养添加剂对初生仔猪生长性能的影响
Figure PCTCN2016110202-appb-000005
表4中可以看出，使用了本发明提供的营养强化剂饲料饲养仔猪与用普通饲料喂养对比，能同时提高增重率和摄食量，改善其肠道健康，降低腹泻发病率，同时可降低料肉比。
实施例6：针对初生仔猪
营养强化剂配方如下：食用昆虫虫卵占70％，牛初乳占6％；大豆蛋白占6％；酵母提取物占6％；甘油12％。
使用普通的市售初生仔猪专用饲料，混入0.1％的实施例6制备得到的营养强化剂，饲养两周，并以不添加营养强化剂的普通市售饲料作为对比，实验结果见表5：
表5本营养添加剂对初生仔猪生长性能的影响
Figure PCTCN2016110202-appb-000006
表5中可以看出，使用了本发明提供的营养强化剂饲料饲养仔猪与用普通饲料喂养对比，能同时提高增重率和摄食量，改善其肠道健康，降低腹泻发病率，同时 可降低料肉比。
实施例7：
使用本营养添加剂半量替代鱼粉添加到普通饲料中，饲喂蛋鸡，结果见表6：
表6替代鱼粉饲养蛋鸡的效果比较
Figure PCTCN2016110202-appb-000007
从表6中对比可以看出，用本发明提供的营养强化剂饲喂蛋鸡，与用鱼粉的蛋鸡饲料饲养相比，产蛋率提高7.88％，蛋合格率提高4.47％，平均蛋重提高3.60％，料蛋比降低28％。
实施例8：黄羽肉鸡初生雏鸡
称黑水虻虫卵2000克，于冷冻条件下粉碎；之后加入100克脱脂乳，100克海藻糖，以及1克BHT(抗氧化剂)，混合均匀；随即冷冻干燥24小时，制得900克虫卵粉，水分含量11％。之后再加入100克小球藻干粉，即得到1000克营养强化剂，用于养殖黄羽肉雏鸡实验。
试验鸡为新生黄羽肉鸡雏鸡1-4日龄，公母分饲。采用食售商品饲料，正常免疫。将本发明产品混均匀于小鸡饮水中，每万只鸡每天300克，连续饲喂3天。对照组正常饮水。黄羽公鸡59天出栏，黄羽母鸡70天出栏。观察两组生长性能并分析综合效益，结果分别见表7和表8。
表7营养强化剂饲喂黄羽公鸡初生雏鸡试验结果(59天出栏)
黄羽公鸡 单位 实验组 对照组 改善情况
进苗数 羽 6366 6527  
上市数 羽 6226 6378  
上市率 ％ 97.8 97.7 +0.1％
体重 Kg 13641 13574  
只均重 Kg 2.19 2.13 +0.06kg
耗料 Kg 29751 30145  
料肉比   2.18 2.22 -0.04
表8营养强化剂饲喂黄羽母初生雏鸡试验结果(70天出栏)
黄羽母鸡 单位 实验组 对照组 改善情况
进苗数 羽 5541 5609  
上市数 羽 5436 5460  
上市率 ％ 98.11 97.34 +0.76
体重 Kg 11940 11479  
只均重 Kg 2.20 2.10 +0.10kg
耗料 Kg 26183 25610  
料肉比   2.19 2.23 -0.04
本试验将营养强化剂加入实验雏鸡饮水中连续饲喂3天，之后每星期观察生长情况，养殖工人普遍反映实验组健康改善明显，外观很健康，皮毛发亮。从表7和表8获得的数据可知，无论是上市率、只均重还是料肉比都明显的改善，综合效益也有提高。
对比例1：
试验条件同实施例2，与实施例1～8其他营养强化剂比较，配方如下：
动物源牛初乳60％、植物源大豆蛋白35％，微生物源酵母提取物10％，效果见表9所示：
表9对比例1中营养强化剂使用效果
Figure PCTCN2016110202-appb-000008
对比例2：
采用市售的黑水虻幼虫干虫作为营养强化剂，按照0.1％的质量百分比加入到市 售初生仔猪专用饲料中，饲养两周，实验结果见表10：
表10对比例2的营养强化剂对初生仔猪生长性能的影响
Figure PCTCN2016110202-appb-000009
表10中可以看出，使用了加入0.1％的黑水虻幼虫干虫作为营养强化剂，与实施例2中采用黑水虻虫卵作为营养强化剂相比，后者的增重、采食量及饲料利用率均得到明显改善，腹泻率也同时下降。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所做的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以作出不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引申的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种动物营养强化剂，其特征在于，包括食用昆虫虫卵。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的动物营养强化剂，其特征在于，所述食用昆虫虫卵为黑水虻虫卵、黄粉虫虫卵、蝇虫卵中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的动物营养强化剂，其特征在于，还包括其他动物源营养、植物源营养、微生物源营养、保护剂中的一种或多种；
    所述的其他动物源营养来源于牛乳、羊乳、鱼粉、鱼膏、禽卵黄、动物肌肉或内脏提取物中的一种或多种；所述的植物源营养选自大豆蛋白、油脂或玉米浆中的一种或多种；所述的微生物源营养包括酵母提取物或微藻提取物中的一种或两种。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的动物营养强化剂，其特征在于，所述保护剂包括脱脂乳、海藻糖、甘油、抗氧化剂中的一种或多种。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的动物营养强化剂，其特征在于，按质量百分比计，食用昆虫虫卵占50％～90％；其他动物源营养占0％-10％；植物源营养占0％-10％；微生物源营养占0％-10％；保护剂占0.1％-20％。
  6. 一种权利要求5所述的动物营养强化剂的制备方法，其特征在于，先将食用昆虫虫卵与保护剂混合，低温研磨，之后干燥粉碎，再加入其他动物源营养、植物源营养和微生物源营养，混合均匀，烘干至水分低于12％的粉状产品；或混合均匀后，制备成膏状产品。
  7. 权利要求1所述的动物营养强化剂在制备动物饲料营养添加剂中的应用。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的应用，其特征在于，将所述动物营养强化剂按照质量百分比为0.01～0.5％的比例添加到动物饲料或饮水中，或直接人工饲喂动物。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的应用，其特征在于，所述动物包括初生动物、离乳动物、体质弱小动物或已患病动物。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的应用，其特征在于，所述动物的种类为水产动物、禽畜或宠物。
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