WO2018103530A1 - 生态系统鱼缸花盆 - Google Patents

生态系统鱼缸花盆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018103530A1
WO2018103530A1 PCT/CN2017/112314 CN2017112314W WO2018103530A1 WO 2018103530 A1 WO2018103530 A1 WO 2018103530A1 CN 2017112314 W CN2017112314 W CN 2017112314W WO 2018103530 A1 WO2018103530 A1 WO 2018103530A1
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container
planting
culture
ecosystem
planting container
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PCT/CN2017/112314
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English (en)
French (fr)
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高胜国
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中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所
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Publication of WO2018103530A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018103530A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • A01G27/04—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots using wicks or the like
    • A01G27/06—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots using wicks or the like having a water reservoir, the main part thereof being located wholly around or directly beside the growth substrate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of leisure and entertainment technology, and in particular relates to an ecosystem aquarium flower pot.
  • An ecosystem aquarium flower pot characterized in that the bottom of the planting container with the opening upward is not lower than the bottom of the culture container with the opening upward, and the planting container is provided with an upper edge lower than the planting container and higher than the upper edge of the culture container.
  • the waterproof wall, the waterproof wall and the bottom and side walls of the planting container form an open upward percolation tank in the planting container, and a sandstone filter layer is placed at the bottom of the percolation tank, and the bottom of the percolation tank is in the planting container and the culture container.
  • a plurality of holes are formed in the adjacent side walls to the culture container, and a central portion of the bottom of the container in the planting area in the planting container is provided with a drain hole, and a sand stone filter layer is laid on the drain hole, and the container is placed in the container.
  • the sandstone filter layer and the sandstone filter layer are filled with the rest.
  • the ecosystem aquarium flower pot is further characterized in that the percolation tank has a groove width of 5 cm to 6 cm, and the height of the waterproof wall is lower than the upper edge of the planting container by 6 cm to 10 cm and higher than the culture. Container 5 cm above the top.
  • the ecosystem aquarium flowerpot is further characterized in that the culture vessel is installed with a water supply mechanism that maintains a water level.
  • the ecosystem aquarium flowerpot is further characterized in that an LED illumination device is installed above the culture container and the planting container.
  • the ecosystem aquarium flowerpot is further characterized in that the culture vessel is equipped with an internal filtration and refueling system.
  • the ecosystem aquarium flowerpot is further characterized in that the bottom of the open-ended culture container is flush with the bottom of the planting container that is open upward.
  • the ecosystem aquarium flower pot is further characterized in that the culture container and the planting container are circular, the planting container is inside, and the culture container is outside.
  • the aquarium flowerpot of the present invention is called an ecosystem aquarium flowerpot because it has four elements of the ecosystem, namely: abiotic environment, producers, decomposers and consumers, which have formed a complete small ecosystem. .
  • the fish culture sewage with fish excrement and food residue in the culture container 1 passes through the hole 5 through the hole 5 through the sand filter layer 4 through the hole 5 into the percolation.
  • a soil saturated zone which is lower than the upper surface of the waterproof wall 3 and the water surface in the culture vessel 1 is formed in the percolation tank.
  • the soil moisture in the planting area is automatically constant.
  • the flower plants below the field water holding capacity grow most.
  • the soil has good gas permeability, the water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions are superior, the flower plants grow vigorously, and the ornamental effect is good.
  • the above process is automated and does not require human care.
  • the drawing is a schematic view of the ecosystem aquarium flower pot of the present invention.
  • the ecosystem aquarium flowerpot as shown in the drawing, the bottom of the planting container 2 with the opening upward is not lower than the bottom of the growing container planting container 2 with the opening upward, and the planting container 2 is provided with a lower edge than the upper edge of the planting container 2
  • the waterproof wall 3 on the upper edge of the culture container 1, the waterproof wall 3 and the bottom and side walls of the planting container 2 constitute an upwardly inclined percolation tank in the planting container 2, and a sandstone filter layer 4 is placed at the bottom of the percolation tank.
  • the bottom of the percolation tank is provided with a plurality of holes 5 in the side wall of the planting container 2 adjacent to the culture container 1 to the culture container 1, which is located at the center of the container bottom of the planting area in the planting container 2,
  • the drain hole 6 and the drain hole 6 are laid with a sand filter layer 7, and the planting container 2 is filled with the soil except the sand stone filter layer 4 and the sand stone filter layer 7.
  • the percolation tank has a groove width of 5 cm to 6 cm, and the height of the waterproof wall 3 is lower than the upper edge of the planting container 2 by 6 cm to 10 cm and higher than the upper edge of the culture vessel 1 by 5 cm.
  • the culture vessel 1 is equipped with a water supply mechanism that maintains the water level.
  • a water supply mechanism that maintains the water level.
  • an LED illumination device is mounted above the culture container 1 and the planting container 2.
  • the bottom of the culture container 1 with the opening upward is flush with the bottom of the planting container 2 with the opening upward, as shown in the drawing.
  • the culture container 1 and the planting container 2 are circular, the planting container 2 is inside, and the culture container 1 is outside, as shown in the drawing.
  • the organic pollutants in the fish culture sewage are automatically diffused into the planting area of the planting container 2 by the soil microbial decomposition purification and nitrification reaction, etc., and automatically become constant in the planting area of the planting container 2 Plants below the field hold water within the most suitable soil moisture range.
  • a layer of dry soil can be applied to the uppermost layer of the planting container 2. After that, the plants can thrive without human intervention.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

一种生态系统鱼缸花盆，种植容器(2)内设低于种植容器(2)上沿而高于养殖容器(1)上沿的防水墙(3)，与种植容器(2)的底与侧壁构成渗滤槽，渗滤槽底部除放置沙石反滤层(4)外，还在与养殖容器(1)相邻的侧壁上开若干个孔洞(5)通向养殖容器(1)。养鱼污水，在重力作用下，通过孔洞(5)从渗滤槽的底部经沙石反滤层(4)进入其上部的土壤中，在渗滤槽内形成低于防水墙(3)的上沿与养殖容器(1)内的水面等高的土壤饱和带。在土壤毛细管力的作用下，土壤饱和带内的水经土壤微生物分解净化，再扩散进入种植容器(2)内的种植区域，土壤水分自动恒定到田间持水量以下，透气性好，适宜植物生长。上述过程自动进行，无需打理。

Description

生态系统鱼缸花盆 技术领域
本发明属于休闲娱乐技术领域，尤其涉及一种生态系统鱼缸花盆。
背景技术
观鱼、赏花是深受人们喜爱的休闲娱乐方式。但是，不论是养鱼还是种花打理起来都比较麻烦，并不休闲。在居室内摆上鱼缸和几个盆花，可以增添几分雅趣，娱乐心情，但居室内空间一般都不够宽裕，鱼缸和花盆结合起来，可以节省居室宝贵的空间资源，已有不少的相关专利被公开，但罕见相关的产品面市。现有技术缺乏系统理念，养鱼污水未经处理就从花盆底部经限定水位后直接向花盆供水或通过毛细管特性材料向花盆供水，存在以下缺陷：一是，未经处理的养鱼污水会堵塞向花盆供水的毛细管特性材料。二是，带有未经分解的鱼类排泄物和食物残渣的养鱼污水浸泡花卉植物的根系造成花卉植物根系的“缺氧”、“烂根”现象，因发生植物病害而严重影响花卉植物的正常生长和观赏效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能够克服上述缺陷的生态系统鱼缸花盆。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种生态系统鱼缸花盆，其特征在于，开口向上的种植容器的底不低于开口向上的养殖容器的底，种植容器内设有低于种植容器的上沿而高于养殖容器的上沿的防水墙，防水墙与种植容器的底与侧壁构成开口向上的渗滤槽于种植容器内，渗滤槽的底部放置有沙石反滤层，渗滤槽的底部在种植容器与养殖容器相邻的侧壁上开有若干个孔洞通向养殖容器，位于种植容器内的种植区域的容器底上的中心部位，开有沥水孔，沥水孔上铺设沙石滤层，种植容器内，除沙石反滤层和沙石滤层外，其余填土。
所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其进一步的特点是，所述的渗滤槽的槽宽5厘米～6厘米，防水墙的高度低于种植容器的上沿6厘米～10厘米而高于养殖容器的 上沿5厘米。
所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其进一步的特点是，所述的养殖容器安装有保持水面高度的供水机构。
所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其进一步的特点是，所述的养殖容器和种植容器的上方安装有LED光照装置。
所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其进一步的特点是，所述的养殖容器安装有内部过滤和加气系统。
所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其进一步的特点是，所述的开口向上的养殖容器的底与开口向上的种植容器的底齐平。
所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其进一步的特点是，所述的养殖容器和种植容器为圆形，种植容器在里，养殖容器在外。
本发明的技术特点与积极效果：
本发明的鱼缸花盆之所以称为生态系统鱼缸花盆是因为它具备了生态系统的4个要素，即：非生物环境、生产者、分解者和消费者，已经构成了完整的小型生态系统。
如附图所示，养殖容器1内的带有鱼类排泄物和食物残渣的养鱼污水，在重力的作用下，通过孔洞5从渗滤槽的底部经沙石反滤层4进入渗滤槽上部的土壤中，在渗滤槽内，形成低于防水墙3的上沿与养殖容器1内的水面等高的土壤饱和带。在土壤的毛细管力的作用下，土壤饱和带内的水经土壤微生物分解净化，再扩散进入种植容器2内的种植区域，种植区域内的土壤水分自动恒定在田间持水量以下的花卉植物生长最适宜的土壤水分范围内，土壤透气性好，水肥气热条件优越，花卉植物生长茁壮，观赏效果好。上述过程是自动进行的无需人为打理。
附图概述
本发明的上述的以及其他的特征、性质和优势将通过下面结合附图和实施例的描述而变得更加明显，其中：
附图为本发明的生态系统鱼缸花盆示意图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合具体实施例和附图对本发明作进一步说明，在以下的描述中阐述了更多的细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是本发明显然能够以多种不同于此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下根据实际应用情况作类似推广、演绎，因此不应以此具体实施例的内容限制本发明的保护范围。
需要注意的是，附图均仅作为示例，其并非是按照等比例的条件绘制的，并且不应该以此作为对本发明实际要求的保护范围构成限制。
生态系统鱼缸花盆，如附图所示，开口向上的种植容器2的底不低于开口向上的养殖容器种植容器2的底，种植容器2内设有低于种植容器2的上沿而高于养殖容器1的上沿的防水墙3，防水墙3与种植容器2的底与侧壁构成开口向上的渗滤槽于种植容器2内，渗滤槽的底部放置有沙石反滤层4，渗滤槽的底部在种植容器2与养殖容器1相邻的侧壁上开有若干个孔洞5通向养殖容器1，位于种植容器2内的种植区域的容器底上的中心部位，开有沥水孔6，沥水孔6上铺设沙石滤层7，种植容器2内，除沙石反滤层4和沙石滤层7外，其余填土。
优选地，所述的渗滤槽的槽宽5厘米～6厘米，防水墙3的高度低于种植容器2的上沿6厘米～10厘米而高于养殖容器1的上沿5厘米。
优选地，所述的养殖容器1安装有保持水面高度的供水机构。例如：浮球供水开关或装水倒悬于养殖容器1水面上的大号饮料瓶。
优选地，所述的养殖容器1和种植容器2的上方安装有LED光照装置。
优选地，开口向上的养殖容器1的底与开口向上的种植容器2的底齐平，如附图所示。
优选地，所述的养殖容器1和种植容器2为圆形，种植容器2在里，养殖容器1在外，如附图所示。
先播种或移栽花卉植物于种植容器2的种植区域内，浇透水，以沉实填土连通土壤毛细管，通过沥水孔6沥干水分至田间持水量以下，才能向养殖容器1内注水养鱼(切记，不能过早地向养殖容器1内注水，养殖容器1内注过水后，也绝对不能直接浇水于种植容器2内。否则，会因为种植容器2内的土壤含水量大于田间 持水量而发生虹吸，使养殖容器1内的水通过沥水孔6流失殆尽。)，在土壤毛细管力的作用下，养鱼污水中的有机污染物经土壤微生物分解净化和硝化反应等变成植物可以利用的水肥后，自动扩散进入种植容器2的种植区域，并自动恒定在田间持水量以下的植物生长最适宜的土壤水分范围内。为减少表土蒸发抑制杂草生长，可撒一层干土于种植容器2的最上层。此后，无需人为打理，植物照样能茁壮生长。
本发明虽然以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并不是用来限定本发明，任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可以做出可能的变动和修改，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何修改、等同变化及修饰，均落入本发明权利要求所界定的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种生态系统鱼缸花盆，其特征在于：开口向上的种植容器(2)的底不低于开口向上的养殖容器(1)的底，种植容器(2)内设有低于种植容器(2)的上沿而高于养殖容器(1)的上沿的防水墙(3)，防水墙(3)与种植容器(2)的底与侧壁构成开口向上的渗滤槽于种植容器(2)内，渗滤槽的底部放置有沙石反滤层(4)，渗滤槽的底部在种植容器(2)与养殖容器(1)相邻的侧壁上开有若干个孔洞(5)通向养殖容器(1)，位于种植容器(2)内的种植区域的容器底上的中心部位，开有沥水孔(6)，沥水孔(6)上铺设沙石滤层(7)，种植容器(2)内，除沙石反滤层(4)和沙石滤层(7)外，其余填土。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其特征在于：所述的渗滤槽的槽宽5厘米～6厘米，防水墙(3)的高度低于种植容器(2)的上沿6厘米～10厘米而高于养殖容器(1)的上沿5厘米。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其特征在于：所述的养殖容器(1)安装有保持水面高度的供水机构。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其特征在于：所述的养殖容器(1)和种植容器(2)的上方安装有LED光照装置。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其特征在于：所述的养殖容 器(1)安装有内部过滤和加气系统。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其特征在于：所述的开口向上的养殖容器(1)的底与开口向上的种植容器(2)的底齐平。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的生态系统鱼缸花盆，其特征在于：所述的养殖容器(1)和种植容器(2)为圆形，种植容器(2)在里，养殖容器(1)在外。
PCT/CN2017/112314 2016-12-06 2017-11-22 生态系统鱼缸花盆 WO2018103530A1 (zh)

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Cited By (1)

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CN113875434A (zh) * 2021-10-20 2022-01-04 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 一种渔农综合种养室内模拟实验装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106719247B (zh) * 2016-12-06 2020-06-16 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 生态系统鱼缸花盆

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