WO2018099995A1

WO2018099995A1 - Coolant compressor

Info

Publication number: WO2018099995A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/080863
Authority: WO
Inventors: Raimund Almbauer
Original assignee: Nidec Global Appliance Germany Gmbh
Priority date: 2016-11-29
Filing date: 2017-11-29
Publication date: 2018-06-07
Also published as: CN110234879A; AT15704U1; EP3548747A1; US20200386216A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a coolant compressor comprising an electric drive unit, a cylinder housing (1), a crankshaft (3) which can be driven by the electric drive unit, and a piston (2) that can be driven by the crankshaft (3) and is guided in a working volume of the cylinder housing (1) for cyclically compressing a coolant which can be conveyed via a suction valve into the working volume, said suction valve comprising a suction opening (7) and a valve closure element (8), preferably a valve spring, which closes the suction opening (7) in cycles. The aim of the invention is to ensure a continuous opening movement of the suction valve during the suction cycle. According to the invention, this is achieved by providing an actuation device (14; 15, 23) which is designed to open the valve closure element (8) in cycles.

Description

KÄLTEMI TELVERD I CHTER

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a refrigerant compressor with an electric drive unit, a cylinder housing, a driven by the electric drive unit crankshaft and a drivable by the crankshaft, in one

Working volume of the cylinder housing guided piston for the cyclical compression of a refrigerant, which via a suction valve, comprising a suction port and a suction closure, the cyclically closing valve closure element,

preferably a valve spring, in the working volume

is transportable.

Usually, a cylinder head assembly is attached to the cylinder housing, the cylinder head assembly comprising a

Suction opening and the suction port cyclically closing valve closure element. In general, the includes

Cylinder head assembly also a valve plate which the

Suction opening and a pressure port has, as well as a

Cylinder head cover, the one with the valve plate

forms sealed cavity. The valve closure element of the suction valve is generally arranged on the piston side facing the valve side, while the pressure opening cyclically occlusive valve closure element of the pressure valve is arranged on the side facing away from the piston of the valve plate. Suction valve and pressure valve generally have a valve spring as

Valve closure element on. Between valve plate and

Cylinder housing or between valve plate and

Cylinder head cover is usually a sealing element, preferably arranged in the form of a flat gasket. As a rule, the valve plate is pressed over the cylinder head cover to the cylinder housing. STATE OF THE ART

Refrigerant compressor, in particular hermetically sealed refrigerant compressor with a hermetically sealable

Compressor housing, have long been known and come

mainly used in refrigerators such as refrigerators or shelves. The refrigerant process as such has also been known for a long time. Refrigerant is heated by energy intake from the space to be cooled in an evaporator and finally overheated and by means of the refrigerant compressor, also called refrigerant compressor, by a piston-cylinder unit, more precisely by a in a

Cylinder housing translationally moving piston, pumped to a higher pressure level, where the refrigerant emits heat through a condenser and via a throttle, in which a pressure reduction and the cooling of the refrigerant takes place, is transported back into the evaporator. The movement of the piston is via one of an electric

Drive unit driven crankshaft realized. The electric drive unit usually comprises a

Stator and a rotor, the rotor rotatably with the

Crankshaft is connected to drive the piston-cylinder unit. During one revolution of the crankshaft, the piston is linearly moved during the suction stroke from a top dead center, in which the distance between a piston head and the valve plate is minimal, to a bottom dead center, in which the distance between the piston head and valve plate is maximum a defined crank angle refrigerant via the suction opening in a formed by the cylinder housing

Cylinder flows or is sucked. In the following

Compression stroke closes the valve plate, the suction port and the piston moves linearly from bottom dead center to top dead center, wherein in-cylinder refrigerant is compressed. From a defined crank angle, the pressure valve opens and the compressed refrigerant flows out of the cylinder via the pressure port. According to the prior art, the suction valve only opens in the suction cycle when an opening force acting on the suction valve by the negative pressure forming in the cylinder by the piston movement is greater than a closing force of the suction valve. As a rule, the closing force of the suction valve is determined by the spring constant of the valve spring of the suction valve. A disadvantage of the prior art manifests itself in the fact that an undefined state occurs during the opening movement of the suction valve: As soon as the opening force and the closing force are approximately equal, opens the suction valve and refrigerant flows into the cylinder. As a result, however, reduces the negative pressure, according to the opening force acting on the suction valve, so that the

Suction valve while it is actually the opening movement

should actually go through a closing movement

performs. So it comes in a certain

Crank angle range to a "flutter" of the suction valve, in which the suction valve does not perform a continuous opening movement, but intermittently opens only discontinuously or even one or consecutively passes through several closing movements.This reduces the one hand, the total of reaching during the suction cycle in the refrigerant refrigerant what a reduced efficiency of the

Refrigerant compressor has resulted. On the other hand, there is a pulsation of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit by the "fluttering" of the suction valve, which is an undesirable increase in the noise level of the refrigerant compressor

conditionally.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and a

Propose refrigerant compressor in which during the

Saugtakts a continuous opening movement of the

Suction valve is ensured. PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved in an inventive

Refrigerant compressor of the type mentioned solved in that an actuator is provided with which the valve closure element of the suction valve is cyclically apparent. The actuator is thus

designed to open the valve closure element cyclically. Tactical means that the actuator the

Valve closure element basically opens in each suction cycle of a working cycle, wherein a duty cycle corresponds to one revolution of the crankshaft. In other words that will

Valve closure element during operation of the

Refrigerant compressor, in which several cycles are traversed in a row, in the suction cycle each

Duty cycle open.

The actuating device according to the invention is a device which is provided in addition to the piston, the j a in the case of a valve spring this according to the prior

Technology solely by sucking in refrigerant

Intake stroke opens. The actuator according to the invention can perform the opening of the suction valve alone or, as in the case of a valve spring, supporting the piston

carry out. For the latter case can thus be provided that the valve closure element by the

Actuator is only supportive apparently.

Generally speaking, the object is thus achieved that the suction valve is not or not only passively opened by the vacuum built up in the cylinder during the suction cycle, but that the suction valve is actively opened via the actuator to prevent the "fluttering" of the suction valve ,

It can be provided that the actuating device has a contact portion, which is in engagement with the valve closure element or can be brought into engagement, wherein the valve closure element by moving the contact portion intermittently. Thus, the actuating device is designed to open the valve closure element by moving the contact portion cyclically. These

Variant corresponds to a mechanical actuation of the valve closure element. In this case, a contact portion is moved and opens the valve closure element. Of the

Contact section can be fixed with the

Valve closure element to be connected and actuated by another element of the actuator. Thus, for example, the valve closure element could have a contact portion which projects through the suction opening to the outside and outside the suction opening by another element of

Actuator is actuated. Or the

Contact section is on the other hand stuck with the

Valve closure element and on the other hand (directly as a single element of the actuator or indirectly via other elements) also mechanically connected to the piston and is actuated by the piston, which thus (also) by its movement in the suction cycle, the valve closure element opens mechanically by a tensile force. Or the contact portion is fixedly connected to another element of the actuating device and is at least intermittently with the valve closure element in

Intervention brought. The contact section can do this

Touch valve closure element only during a certain phase of the suction cycle, but not during the pressure cycle. Or he touches the valve closure element during the

Pressure tact, but exerts no force on the valve closure element during the pressure stroke. One embodiment provides that the contact section is in contact with or can be brought into contact with the side of the valve closure element facing away from the piston, in order to open it by exerting a compressive force. This embodiment is easy to implement in existing refrigerant compressors, since no retrofitting of elements in the working volume or on the piston is necessary. This embodiment allows the

Opening of the suction valve controlled by the

Control without affecting the function of the refrigerant compressor, and the number of Keep components of the actuator as low as possible. The suction valve usually opens in the direction of the cylinder and is arranged on the piston side facing the valve plate. By exerting a compressive force on the side facing away from the piston of the suction valve, in other words by pressing the suction valve from the side facing away from the piston of the suction valve, at the beginning of the suction, the continuous opening movement of the suction valve in a particularly simple manner

be ensured.

It can be provided that the opening of the

Valve closure element with the actuating device at an equilibrium of the refrigerant pressure on both sides of the valve closure element can be introduced. This is the ideal time for opening the valve closure element and would in any case avoid "fluttering." This time occurs in a certain crank angle range, but is the back pressure, the dead space and the

Piston speed dependent. This time could be about using pressure measurement on both sides of the

Valve closure element can be determined and the

Actuator could be operated accordingly. Since the effect of "fluttering" occurs cyclically in each case in a defined, definable crank angle range, it is sufficient according to an embodiment of the invention, the suction valve via the actuating device in response to the crank angle of the crankshaft to open cyclically, so that at least in that crank angle range in which the " Flutter "occurs in conventional refrigerant compressors the

Contact portion of the actuating element is in contact with the suction valve. Thus, the actuator is

designed to open the valve closure element in response to a crank angle of the crankshaft intermittently. As a result, the closing movements occurring during the "fluttering" due to the contact with the contact portion of

Actuator blocked. Therefore, it is usually advantageous that the contact portion already the suction valve 90 ° to 60 ° crank angle before top dead center, ie already before the start of the suction cycle, preferably continuously,

contacted. It is particularly advantageous if during a large part of the compression stroke of the contact section does not contact the suction valve to prevent accidental opening of the suction valve. Only shortly before the beginning of the

Saugtakts may be provided a contact. It is also conceivable that the suction valve dissolves already during the Saugtakt, or at least after the opening movement of the contact portion, so that the usually abrupt closing movement of the suction valve at the end of the suction cycle or at the beginning of

Compression clocks is not hindered by the contact section. Not only with regard to disturbing the contact section when closing the suction valve can be provided that by means of the actuating device, the valve closure element is cyclically closable. This would be the case, for example, with a completely active suction valve, or if the contact section is mechanically connected to the piston. Or if a firm connection between actuator, contact portion and valve closure element is provided, so that the

Contact section pushes the valve closure element not only in the open position, but also back into the

closed position pulls.

In order to realize the dependence of the opening movement of the suction valve in a simple and cost-effective manner, in one embodiment, a mechanical coupling of the actuating device with the crankshaft is provided, since the crank angle and thus also suction cycle and compression stroke are naturally defined by the crank angle of the crankshaft. In this case, the actuating device outside the working volume comprises an actuating element, which with the

Valve closure element has brought into contact or in contact contact portion. Thus, no - sometimes expensive - additional electrical controls or actuators are necessary. The mechanical coupling can be achieved by a variety of kinematic relationships. As described in more detail below, a single, for example, lever-like design, actuator can be provided. But it is just as conceivable that the

Actuator one or more others

Actuator (s), which together in

Active compound stand.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the actuating element is hinged to the cylinder housing or to a cylinder head cover of a cylinder head assembly. Usually includes the

Cylinder head assembly, both a valve plate and a cylinder head cover and the cylinder head assembly is fixed to a front side of the cylinder housing. To a simple connection of the actuator to existing ones

Mounting holes on the cylinder head cover or on

To allow cylinder housing, these components are particularly well suited for connection of the actuator. The articulated connection allows a pivoting movement of

Actuator, which can be kinematically easy to control movements in the actuator can be achieved. Similarly, the proximity to the suction valve is given by an attachment to the cylinder head assembly and the cylinder housing.

Another embodiment of the invention

Refrigerant compressor provides that the actuating element is mounted pivotably about a pivot axis aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft. Such alignment of the pivot axis ensures that the contact section moves in a plane that is aligned parallel to a bore axis of the suction opening, wherein the direction of the bore axis is substantially the same

Opening direction of the suction valve corresponds. Thus, the opening movement of the suction valve can be advantageously supported. Similarly, such an alignment of the pivot axis usually requires a lateral arrangement of the

Actuator with respect to the cylinder housing, as seen neither in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft Top still at the bottom of the cylinder head assembly is usually sufficient space available, since the space, for example, by a suction and / or

Pressure silencer or an upper half of the

Compressor housing is taken.

According to a preferred embodiment of the

According to the invention refrigerant compressor is provided that the actuating device has a standing with an actuating portion of the actuating element in operative contact control, which control is rotatably connected to the crankshaft, said actuating element and control are designed such that a rotational movement of the crankshaft in a pivoting movement or a translational movement at least the contact portion of

Actuator is convertible. Through the interaction of control and the remaining components of the

Actuating device, in particular the actuating element, the mechanical coupling of the crankshaft with the

Contact section can be easily realized. The operative connection between the actuating section and the control element can be produced, for example, by direct contact or by interposition of further actuating elements. In this case, the control element may, for example, be of cam-shaped design, so that a deflection of a control element of the actuating device in the radial direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft is effected by the different radial spacings of the side surface of the control element relative to the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft. In a further alternative embodiment, the control can also elevations and depressions in the form of mountains and valleys at the top or the bottom of the control

have, which cause a deflection of a voltage applied to the control element of the actuator in the axial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft.

If the actuating portion of the actuating element is located directly on the control element, then the actuating portion is rotated by the control element during one revolution of the crankshaft deflected. Basically, therefore, by the control a translation of the rotation of the crankshaft in a

translational movement of the contact section possible. If the actuating element is designed as a lever, a pivoting movement of the contact section about a pivot point of the lever is made possible. If the kinematic relationships are selected accordingly, however, corresponds to the

Pivoting movement of the contact section approximately a translatory movement.

In a further preferred embodiment, the actuating device consists of the actuating element and the control element, so that no further movable components for kinematic conversion of the rotation of the crankshaft in a translational movement or a pivoting movement of the voltage applied to the control operating portion of the

Actuator must be provided.

To a simple and inexpensive to produce or

To achieve mountable structure of the actuator is provided in a further embodiment of the invention, that the control with the

Operating portion of the actuating element in contact standing guide surface, wherein the guide surface is formed eccentrically to the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft. Through the contact between guide surface and

Actuation section is made by the eccentric

Training the guide surface conditional radial deflection of the operating section directly. The guide surface can, for example, as a side surface of a eccentric with

preferably formed circular cross-section

Control be designed. It can also be a

Be provided spring element which presses the actuating portion against the control to the contact between

Ensure control and operating section. It goes without saying that a guide surface formed in this way is also conceivable, if there is no direct contact with the actuating portion, but one or more Components of the actuator are interposed.

In a further preferred embodiment of the

Invention is envisaged that the guide surface facing from one on one of the crankshaft or one of

Crankshaft facing away from the end face of the control

arranged, annular groove is formed. Due to the interaction of the groove and the actuating portion, wherein the actuating portion may be formed, for example, pin-shaped or bolt-shaped, is the

Operating section at least partially disposed within the groove. Thereby, the actuating portion is moved during a revolution of the crankshaft by the control both radially outwardly and radially inwardly, without an additional force, such as a spring force, on the

Operating portion must be exercised to effect the deflection inside. The groove is as a closed ring, for example with circular or elliptical

Nutbahn formed, wherein both side surfaces of the groove form a guide surface. To the noise level of the

To lower the refrigerant compressor and to reduce an unbalanced running of the crankshaft, it is advantageous if the control element has a rotationally symmetrical shape relative to a longitudinal axis of the crankshaft.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the

According to the invention refrigerant compressor provides that the actuating element has a hebeiförmigen base body, wherein a first lever arm of the base body the

Operating portion and a second lever arm of the main body has the contact portion. By the

Lever shape of the body are easy to control

kinematic relationships usable, so that by the

Design and dimensioning of the two lever arms and by the positioning of a pivot point of the lever arm, which is usually for articulated connection of

Actuator on the refrigerant compressor is used, the

Movement of the contact section can be precisely defined. Both the contact portion and the actuating portion move on a pivoting track about the pivot point of the lever arm. To the actuator hinged to the

To connect cylinder head assembly is in another

Embodiment provided that the cylinder head cover of the cylinder head assembly a bearing for the

Actuator forms or that a holder on

Cylinder head cover of the cylinder head assembly is attached, which bracket forms a bearing for the actuator. Due to the available space, the fact that the cylinder head cover is usually connected by means of fasteners on the cylinder housing, and the spatial proximity to the suction valve is the

Cylinder head cover particularly good for training the

Bearing point of the actuating element. Especially when retrofitting existing cylinder head cover with

Actuators, it is advantageous if the

Storage of one, preferably by means of

Fasteners for attaching the cylinder head cover itself, on the cylinder head cover fixed bracket

is trained. It is advantageous in principle, when the bearing serves to support the pivot point of the hebeiförmigen body.

To design the geometric shape of the hoof-shaped

Main body of the actuating element, which is used for mechanical coupling of the movement of the contact portion with the

Crankshaft is necessary is in another

Embodiment of the invention

Refrigerant compressor provided that the main body of the actuating element has at least one kink, preferably at least one kink per lever arm, wherein a

Bending axis is aligned in each case substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft. By aligning the

Buckling axis (s) ensures that the basic body

has at least one continuous base plane, wherein the base body is preferably formed flat. The kinks have angular ranges of between 60 ° and 160 °,

in particular between 90 ° and 160 °, preferably between 110 ° and 150 °, particularly preferably between 120 ° and 140 °, on. In an advantageous embodiment variant, the first

Lever arm at least one kink, preferably two kinks, of between 115 ° and 145 °, while the second lever arm has a kink of about 90 ° +/- 10 °. It is advantageous if the second lever arm the cylinder head cover such

encompasses that the contact portion is arranged in alignment with the suction opening.

In order to reduce the flow losses of the refrigerant as it flows through the suction valve by the actuating device,

In particular, by the contact portion to keep as low as possible, in a further embodiment of the

Invention provided that a cross-sectional area of the

Contact portion of the actuating element is small with respect to a cross-sectional area of the suction opening. It is advantageous if the cross-sectional area of the contact section is at most 10%, preferably at most 5%, in particular at most 2.5%, particularly preferably below 2.5% of the cross-sectional area of the suction opening.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the

According to the invention refrigerant compressor is provided, that the contact portion is formed by a resilient contact element, in particular spring wire or plastic. Due to the resilient properties, in particular of the

Spring wire or the plastic, one or more of the following advantageous effects can be achieved: Due to the resilience of the contact element of the

Contact section already be brought into contact with the suction valve at the end of the exhaust stroke, without this being opened, since the contact element yields resiliently. By adjusting the spring constant of the contact element and the spring constant of the suction valve, or the valve spring of the

Suction valve, the opening time of the suction valve is exactly adjustable. If the actuating element has a lifting base and the area of the actuating element, on which the contact element is fixed, passes through a pivoting movement, the pivotal movement of the contact portion is compensated by elastic deformation when the

Contact section is at least partially guided in a guide, so that the contact portion and thus contacted by the contact portion of the suction valve is moved only linearly. When the contact element instead of spring wire off

Plastic is formed here by choice of

Plastic, through the thickness and shape (straight or curved) as resilient properties as when using spring wire can be realized.

A further particularly preferred embodiment provides that the contact element is flat and has a bent connecting portion, wherein the

Connecting portion optionally one, preferably hebeiförmige, basic body of the actuating element connects to the contact portion. Due to the planar design of the contact element, the spring properties of the

Contact element particularly simple through the geometric

Influence design. The resilient properties of the

Contact elements can be bent over the

Set connecting portion, for example, is bent such that a pivoting movement of the actuating element is substantially compensated by torsion of the connecting portion and not by a bend of the

Contact section.

According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the contact section in

Is arranged substantially parallel to a bore axis of the suction opening and that the connecting portion has at least one V-shaped bend, wherein a plane formed by the contact element is preferably aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft. The at least partially within the cylinder head assembly,

for example, within the cylinder head cover or

within a suction muffler, arranged

Contact section of the contact element is usually rectilinear designed to prevent flow losses during the inflow of the refrigerant. An above-described bending of the connecting portion can be achieved by at least one V-shaped bend of the connecting portion. It goes without saying that the rectilinear design of the contact portion is advantageous regardless of the shape of the bend. By aligning the plane of the contact element ensures that the movement of the actuating element directly to

continuous opening of the suction valve can be used.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the contact portion of the actuating element is guided at least in sections in a bore of the cylinder head cover of the cylinder head assembly and / or in a bore of a suction muffler, preferably an outlet of the suction muffler. Since the majority of the actuator is disposed outside of the cylinder head assembly so as not to affect the flow of the refrigerant, and to bridge the distance between

Crankshaft and suction valve, it is necessary that at least the contact portion is guided into the interior of the cylinder head assembly to contact the suction valve can. Therefore, it is necessary to have access to the interior of the

To provide cylinder head assembly for the contact portion, which can also serve as a guide at the same time. This access is achieved in certain embodiments by a hole in the cylinder head cover. Usually one is

Suction muffler provided, whose outlet is directly connected to the suction port. Therefore, in appropriate

Cylinder head assemblies an opening in the suction muffler necessary to guide the contact portion to the suction valve. If the outlet of the suction muffler from a portion of the cylinder head cover pressed against the valve plate, it may be necessary that the bore both the

Cylinder head cover and the outlet of the suction muffler traversed. In addition to the execution of the actuating element as a substantially pivotable lever and a translationally movable actuator is possible. In this case, the actuating element comprises a first, in particular straight,

Section, which is translationally movable parallel to the piston, and a second bent portion, the

Suction opening engages behind and carries the contact portion, so that it is also translationally movable parallel to the piston. The control element, which control element is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the crankshaft, could have a guide surface which is in contact with the actuating element and which is formed eccentrically to the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft. The guide surface could be the peripheral surface of the control. The control could e.g.

be cam-shaped or an eccentric disc and a

Allow movement of the actuator at the beginning of the Saugtakts towards the crankshaft, such as by a smaller radius. This movement could be effected for example by a spring. In this case, the contact portion is also moved in the direction of the crankshaft and presses the valve closure element from the outside. Thereafter, the actuator returns through the

Contact with the control in a remote position from the crankshaft, where no pressure is exerted on the valve closure member by the contact portion. The straight section of the actuator can in

Be guided cylinder housing. The straight section of the

Actuator can be guided in particular by the valve plate, so that the bent portion is completely in

Volume of a cylinder head cover and the contact portion is also in the volume of a cylinder head cover. Thus, in the cylinder head cover no openings for the

Passage of the actuating element necessary.

The subject invention also includes a method for operating a refrigerant compressor with an electric drive unit, a cylinder housing, one of the

electric drive unit drivable crankshaft and one driven by the crankshaft, in one

Working volume of the cylinder housing guided piston to cyclic compression of a refrigerant, which comprises a suction valve, comprising a suction opening and a valve closing element which closes the suction opening cyclically,

preferably a valve spring, is transported into the working volume. In this case, an actuating device is provided with which the valve closure element at least supportive cyclically, so once per revolution of the crankshaft, is opened.

In this case, in particular, the actuating device has a contact portion, which engages with the valve closure element or can be brought into engagement, wherein the

Valve closure element is opened by moving the contact portion cyclically.

The further embodiments of the method result from the above-described operation of the

refrigerant compressor according to the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. The drawings are exemplary and are intended to set forth the inventive idea, but under no circumstances

narrow down or even finish playing.

Showing:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an inventive

Refrigerant compressor in a first variant;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view essential

Components of the refrigerant compressor of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is a further perspective view of FIG.

2;

4 is a perspective view of the

Refrigerant compressor of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a vertical with respect to FIG. 4 section through the

Refrigerant compressor of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 detail views of the actuating element of FIGS. 1-5;

7 is a schematic representation of crankshaft,

Actuator and suction valve at

selected crank angles; ,

Fig. 8 is a plan view of an inventive

Refrigerant compressor in a second variant; Fig. 9 a with respect to FIG. 12 vertical section through the

Refrigerant compressor of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is the plan view of Figure 1, partially in section. 11 is a perspective view of the

Refrigerant compressor according to FIG. 8, cut as in Fig. 10;

12 is a perspective view of the

Refrigerant compressor according to FIG. 8.

WAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION FIG. 1 shows a top view of a device according to the invention

Refrigerant compressor, wherein the components of

Refrigerant compressor in a hermetically encapsulated

Compressor housing are arranged, which is not shown here, to show the interior of the compressor housing can.

The refrigerant compressor comprises an electric

Drive unit comprising a stator and with a crankshaft 3 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) rotatably connected rotor. The crankshaft 3 is drivable by means of the electric drive unit, whereby one with an eccentric to a

Longitudinal axis 4 of the crankshaft 3 arranged crank pin 12 of the crankshaft 3 operatively connected piston-cylinder unit cyclically sucks or compressed refrigerant. The piston-cylinder unit comprises a cylinder housing 1 surrounding a cylinder and a translationally guided therein

Piston 2 (see Fig. 7). The piston 2 is connected via a connecting rod 13 with the crank pin 12 of the crankshaft 3, so that the piston 2 during a revolution of the crankshaft 3 a Suction cycle and a compression and exhaust stroke passes through (see Fig. 7).

On a front side of the cylinder housing 1 is a

Cylinder sealingly sealing cylinder head assembly 5 attached, which has a suction opening 7 and a

Pressure opening 9 having valve plate 6 comprises. On the valve plate 6 is a suction opening 7 cyclically

closing suction valve 8 and the pressure port 9 cyclically occluding pressure valve 10 is arranged, as can be seen in Figures 2 and 3. A cylinder head cover 11 forming a cavity with the valve plate 6 (see FIG. 4) closes the cylinder head arrangement 5

Cylinder head cover 11 is about a plurality of fasteners, in the present embodiment over four

Fasteners, preferably screws, on the

Fixed front surface of the cylinder housing 1, wherein the

Valve plate 6 between cylinder head cover 11 and

Cylinder housing 1 is clamped. Usually are

Sealing elements, preferably flat gaskets between

Cylinder head cover 11 and valve plate 6 or between

Valve plate 6 and cylinder housing 1 arranged to the

To ensure tightness of the cylinder head assembly 5 relative to the interior of the compressor housing. The pressure line leading away from the pressure port 9 is here by the

Cylinder housing 1 is formed, wherein for the pressure line

Pressure silencer 41 are provided.

According to the invention a mechanically coupled to the crankshaft 3 actuator 14 is provided for the suction valve 8, which will be described in detail below. The actuating device 14 comprises a

Actuator 15 for actuating the suction valve 8 and a non-rotatably connected to the crankshaft 3 control 23, which with an actuating portion 17 of

Actuator 15 is in operative connection. The

Actuator 15 comprises a hoof-shaped

Base body 18 having a first lever arm 19 and a second lever arm 20, wherein the actuating portion 17 at the first Lever arm 19 is formed. In the present

Embodiment, the operating portion 17 is disposed in an end portion of the first lever arm 19. The actuating element 15 is articulated on

Cylinder head cover 11 connected to allow a pivoting movement of the actuating element 15. It is the

Pivot axis 21 of the actuating element 15 parallel to

Longitudinal axis 4 of the crankshaft 3 aligned to a

Opening movement of the suction valve 8 by pivoting the actuating element 15 to reach about the pivot axis 21. The pivot axis 21 is replaced by a bearing 30th

formed as the fulcrum of the hebeiförmigen

Main body 18 acts. The bearing 30 is in

present embodiment by an am

Cylinder head cover 11 fastened bracket 29 is formed, wherein the holder 29 via fastening elements, in

present case via two fasteners, am

Cylinder head cover 11 is connected, see the two mounting holes in the holder 29 in Fig. 2. Die

Holder 29 is laterally to the cylinder housing 1 and zum

Cylinder head cover 11 arranged, with top and

Bottom respectively in or against the longitudinal axis. 4

are aligned. The bracket 29 is as an angle

formed, wherein a first leg of the holder 29 rests against the front side of the cylinder head cover 11 and to

Attachment at least one, preferably exactly two

Attachment openings, and a second leg of the holder 29 parallel to a side surface of the

Cylinder head cover 11 is aligned and the bearing 30 has. The bearing 30 is in the present

Embodiment formed by a bolt passing through a bearing opening of the actuating element 15 and des

hebeiförmigen body 18 is guided.

In alternative embodiments, the bearing 30 may also be formed directly on the cylinder housing 1 or on the cylinder head cover 11. The bearing 30 may be, for example be formed as a bolt-shaped projection of the cylinder head cover 11.

In prior art refrigerant compressors, the suction valve 8 is passively operated by the vacuum formed in the cylinder during the suction stroke. During the first opening phase of the suction valve 8, when the opening force applied by the negative pressure substantially corresponds to the closing force of the suction valve 8, refrigerant flows over the

partially released suction opening 7 in the cylinder, whereby the negative pressure decreases and the opening force decreases again. This leads to a so-called "fluttering" of the

Suction valve 8, which is usually formed by a valve spring. When "fluttering" performs the suction valve 8 one or more times a closing movement during the Saugtakts until the negative pressure is lowered by the inflowing refrigerant less than that for the application of the

Opening force necessary negative pressure. Due to this effect, on the one hand, the efficiency of the refrigerant compressor decreases, because in phases during the suction cycle, no or less

Refrigerant enters the cylinder. At the same time it comes through the "flutter" to pulsations in the sucked

Refrigerant flow or in the refrigerant circuit, which leads to an undesirable noise.

FIGS. 2 and 3 now show the components of the refrigerant compressor which are essential to the invention. For the sake of clarity, neither cylinder head cover 11 nor cylinder housing 1 or piston 2 are shown, among other things, in order not to obscure the other components. As mentioned above, the actuating device 14 is mechanically coupled to the crankshaft 3, so that a contact portion 16 of the

Actuator 15 in response to the crank angle of the crankshaft 3 in contact with the suction valve 8 can be brought to achieve a continuous opening movement of the suction valve. Characterized in that the contact portion 16 at least during the opening movement of the suction valve 8 the

Suction valve 8 is contacted and moved via the mechanical coupling in dependence of the crank angle of the crankshaft 3, the suction valve 8 is actively opened by means of the actuating element 15, wherein a closing movement of the suction valve 8 during the opening phase by the contact with the

Contact section 16 is prevented.

In the present embodiment, the second

Lever arm 20 of the hebeiförmigen body 18 of the

Actuator 15, the contact portion 16, wherein the contact portion 16 is preferably aligned with the suction port 7 and in an end region of the second

Lever arm 20 is formed or fixed. Of the

Contact section 16 is in the field of

Cylinder head assembly 5 positioned, so on the

Cylinder housing 1 and the opposite side of the piston 2 of the valve plate 6, so that the contact portion 16 with the cylinder housing 1 and the piston 2 opposite side of the suction valve 8 is contacted. Thereby, the suction valve 8 can be pressed by the contact portion 16 by the contact portion 16 exerts a compressive force on the suction valve 8 by the coupled movement.

Since the contact portion 16 in the space of

Cylinder head assembly 5 projects, which is traversed by refrigerant during the suction cycle, the contact portion 16 has a small compared to the cross-sectional area of the suction port 7 cross-sectional area, wherein the cross-sectional area of the contact portion 16 occupies only about 1% of the cross-sectional area of the suction port 7 in the present embodiment to influence the flow of the refrigerant as little as possible.

The mechanical coupling of the actuating device 14 is now carried out as described below: The control element 23 is disc-shaped and has a

rotationally symmetrical outer shape with respect to the longitudinal axis 4, wherein the crank pin 12 through an opening 28 of the

Control 23 protrudes. As a result, the control 23 is arranged below the connecting rod 13. On an upper, first end face 25 of the control 23 is an eccentric to Longitudinal axis 4 arranged guide surface 24 is formed, which is directly in contact with the actuating portion 17 of the actuating element 15 in the present embodiment. The guide surface 24 is formed by an annular groove 27 in the, for example, bolt-shaped

trained, operating section 17 of the

Actuator 15 projects into it. The guide surface 24 is thereby formed at least by the two side walls of the groove 27, whereby the actuating portion 17 is movable through the guide in the groove both radially inwardly and radially outwardly, each relative to the longitudinal axis 4. The exact sequence of movements is based on the Fig. 7 explained. Basically, by the control element 23 a conditional by the eccentric arrangement of the guide surface 24, dependent on the crank angle of the crankshaft 3 pivotal movement of the actuating element 15, more precisely the contact portion 16 to the bearing 30 and the pivot point of the hebeiförmigen

Main body 18, reached. Thus, the moves

Contact section 16 depending on the crank angle of

Crankshaft 3 cyclically in the direction of the suction valve 8 to a continuous opening movement of the suction valve. 8

ensure or removes intermittently from the suction valve 8, so as not to hinder the closing movement of the suction valve 8. In the present embodiment, the

Actuator 15, a contact portion 16 forming contact element 31 made of spring wire, so in the present case spring steel with a diameter of less than 1 mm, which secured in an end region of the second lever arm 20 on the hebeiförmigen body 18, preferably via a

Clamping device is clamped. Through the education of the

Contact element 31 made of spring wire, for example, a compliance of the contact element 31 can be adjusted in order to adjust the opening time of the suction valve 8 precisely. In the present embodiment, the

Contact element 31 on a curved connecting portion 32 which connects the contact portion 16 with the actuating element 15. The contact element 31 is flat, so in other words, all bending axes are parallel aligned with each other. The connecting portion 32 has in the present embodiment, a V-shaped bend, which extends obliquely from the actuating element 15 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 4 and after the top of the Vs again obliquely in the direction of the longitudinal axis 4 upwards

extends. The adjoining the connecting portion 32 contact portion 16 is straight and arranged substantially parallel to a bore axis of the suction opening 7 extending, wherein the contact portion 16, the suction valve 8 preferably in the upper half of the suction opening. 7

contacted.

4 shows a further perspective view of the refrigerant compressor is shown, wherein the

Cylinder head cover 11 and an at least partially disposed within the cylinder head assembly 5 suction muffler 33 are shown. In Fig. 5, the refrigerant compressor of Fig. 4 is shown in section, wherein the piston 2 and connecting rod 13 are not shown. From the actuator 14 as the control element 23 and the lever 18 have been omitted and only the contact element 31 located. In general, this flows through a Kühlemittezuleitung in the

Refrigerant compressor inflowing refrigerant over the

Saugschalldämpfer 33 toward the suction port 7, wherein a

Outlet 34 of the suction muffler 33, preferably via the cylinder head cover 11 or a spring arrangement, to the

Valve plate 6 is pressed to produce an approximately gas-tight connection between the suction muffler 33 and suction port 7. In other words, the suction valve 8 is completely covered by the outlet 34 of the suction muffler 33. To the contact portion 16 therefore with the suction valve 8 in

Being able to bring in contact is a 35 hole in the

Suction muffler 33 and formed in the outlet 34, in which the contact portion 16 is guided at least in sections. Due to the small diameter of the

Spring wire and the small gap width between the bore wall and contact element 31, the losses during inflow of the refrigerant are negligible. When the suction port 7 also through a portion of the cylinder head cover 11 or through another element of the cylinder head assembly 5 is hidden, it is necessary to provide a bore 35 in the cylinder head cover 11 or in the other element in order to actuate the suction valve 8 can.

In Fig. 6 are detailed representations of the actuating element 15, consisting essentially of the hebeiförmigen base body 18 and the contact element 31, is shown. At the very top is a side view, where the pivot axis 21 of the main body 18 is located.

Below is a plan view, from which the individual kinks 22a, 22b, 22c of the main body 18 can be seen. The main body 18 has a kink 22a, 22b per lever arm 19, 20 and a kink 22c between the two lever arms 19, 20 on the pivot axis 21. All three kink axes are each substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 4 (see Fig. 2) of the crankshaft 3 is aligned. By aligning the bending axes is ensured that the base body 18 has a continuous base plane in which the base body 18 is flat, so here is in the plane of the drawing. The first lever arm 19 has a kink 22a of about 140 °. The kink 22c between the two lever arms 19, 20, has an angle of about 160 °, while the second lever arm 20 has a kink of about 90 °. The second lever arm 20 can therefore encompass the cylinder head cover 11 such that the contact section 16 is arranged in alignment with the suction opening 7. In Fig. 6 bottom left is a perspective view of the actuating element 15 from above and right one

perspective view of the actuator 15 shown from below. Fig. 7 shows four schematic representations of crankshaft, actuator and suction valve 8 at selected

Crank angles or positions of the piston 2. At the top left is the piston 2 at the end of the compression stroke, just before top dead center. The contact portion 16 is already in contact with the suction valve 8, but this is still closed. The contact portion 16 can already 90 ° to 60 ° crank angle before top dead center in contact with the

Suction valve 8 be.

Only after the top dead center, the contact portion 16 passes through the suction opening and opens the suction valve 8 by pushing it inwardly away from the valve plate 6. This is shown in the upper right in FIG. 7. The time or crank angle, from which the contact portion 16 opens the suction valve 8, is here by the geometry of

Actuator 14 specified. In addition to

Contact section 16, the suction valve 8 also by the

Low pressure in the cylinder open.

Bottom left in Fig. 7, the suction stroke is already approaching its end, the piston is just before its bottom dead center

reached. The contact portion 16 has opened the suction valve 8 even further.

Bottom right is the beginning of the compression stroke

shown, so a piston position shortly after the bottom dead center. The contact section 16 has left the suction opening 7 again and thus does not contact the suction valve 8 anymore.

Fig. 8 shows a plan view of a device according to the invention

Refrigerant compressor in a second variant. The construction of the refrigerant compressor is essentially the same as that of the first variant in FIGS. 1-7, except for the actuating device 14. The mechanically coupled to the crankshaft 3 actuator 14 for the suction valve 8 here comprises an actuating element 36 for actuating the suction valve 8 and a rotationally fixed to the crankshaft 3

connected control element 37. So that the actuator 36 is better seen, the cylinder head cover 11 has been removed in this figure, so that the valve plate 6 is exposed to the outside. The actuator 36 is in the form of a curved rod with a round cross-section. The actuating element 36 comprises a first, here straight, portion 38 which is translationally movable parallel to the piston 2, and a second bent portion 39 which engages behind the suction port 7 and carries the contact portion 16 so that it is also translationally movable parallel to the piston 2 , Of the

curved section here has the shape of a semicircle. The straight contact portion 16 is shorter than the straight portion 38. The straight contact portion 16 is parallel to

Direction of movement of the piston 2 aligned. Of the

Contact section 16 could also be a separate component

be formed and / or have a smaller cross section than the rest of the actuator 36. Of the

Contact section 16 could be implemented as a resilient contact element, similar to contact element 31 of FIGS. 1-7.

If the straight section 38 moves away from the crank pin 12, contact section 16 moves out of the valve plate 6. In this case, the contact portion 16 is moved away from the suction valve 8. The straight section 38 moves to

Crank pin 12 out, the contact portion 16 can then pass through the suction port 7 and the suction valve 8 open.

The actuator 36 is actuated by the control 37, a disc of variable diameter. The

Control 37 could simultaneously perform the function of a flywheel. The end of the straight portion 38 protrudes toward the crankshaft 3 and crank pin 12 from the

Cylinder housing 1 out. The end of the straight portion 38 is by means of a spring 40 in the direction of crank pin 12th

biased so that it can slide along the outer periphery of the control 37. In the angular areas of the

Control member 37 with a small diameter, so in Fig. 8, the lower approximately 180 ° of the outer periphery of the control element 37, thus the straight portion 38 is pulled to the crank pin 12 and the contact portion 16 opens the suction valve 8. In the

Angular ranges of the control 37 with larger Diameter, ie in Fig. 8, the upper approximately 180 ° of the outer periphery of the control element 37, the end of the straight portion 38 is pressed away from the crank pin 12, thereby the contact portion 16 is pushed out of the valve plate 6 (ie in Fig. 8 down ) and the suction valve 8 can

shut down .

In Fig. 9 can be seen in the cut refrigerant compressor of Fig. 8, that the piston 2 is just before its top dead center, thus the compression and

Exhaust stroke comes to an end. The pressure valve 10 is still open. Due to the section of the contact portion 16 is not visible here. It's just the end of the straight

Section 38 visible, which forms the actuating portion 17, which is in operative contact with the control element 37. However, the contact portion 16 may already be in contact with the suction valve 8, since the beginning of the suction cycle is imminent. The straight portion 38 of the actuator 36 is passed through the cylinder housing 1, wherein the

Cylinder housing 1 serves as a guide for the straight section 38. The bore of the cylinder housing 1 for the straight section 38 is here laterally below the

Cylinder bore for the piston 2. Since the straight portion 38 also exits through the valve plate 6, it is possible to accommodate the bent portion 39 within a cylinder head cover 11. The cylinder head cover 11 is not shown here, but could be carried out as in Figures 4 and 5. Unlike in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cylinder head cover 11 in FIGS. 8-12 would not have to have an opening for the passage of the actuating element 15 or the contact element 16 because the actuating element 36 enters the cylinder head assembly inside the cylinder head cover 11.

In Fig. 10, slightly more than the left half of

Refrigerant compressor cut parallel to the drawing plane. The sectional view along line A-A in FIG. 11

shown in perspective. Fig. 12 shows a perspective view of the uncut refrigerant compressor. Here is again visible that in this Embodiment of the straight portion 38 is slightly lower than the contact portion 16. Also here is the guide surface 24 as a peripheral surface of the control 37 recognizable.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 cylinder housing

2 pistons

3 crankshaft

4 longitudinal axis of the crankshaft. 3

5 cylinder head arrangement

6 valve plate

7 suction opening

8 suction valve

9 pressure opening

10 pressure valve

11 Cylinderheads

12 crankpins

13 connecting rods

14 actuating device

15 actuator

16 contact portion of the actuating element 15th

17 operating portion of the actuating element 15th

18 hebeiförmiger basic body

19 first lever arm of the main body 18th

20 second lever arm of the main body 18th

21 pivot axis of the actuating element 15th

22 kink

22a first kink

22b second kink

22c third bend

23 control

24 guide surface of the control 23rd

25 first end face of the control 23rd

26 second end face of the control 23rd

27 groove

28 opening

29 bracket 30 bearing point

31 contact element

32 connecting portion of the contact element 31st

33 suction silencers

34 outlet of the suction muffler 33

35 bore

36 actuator

37 control

38 straight portion of the actuator 36 39 bent portion of the actuator 36th

40 spring

41 pressure silencer

Claims

1. refrigerant compressor with an electric

Drive unit, a cylinder housing (1), a driven by the electric drive unit crankshaft (3) and one of the crankshaft (3) drivable, in a working volume of the cylinder housing (1) guided piston (2) for the cyclic compression of a refrigerant which via a Suction valve, comprising a

Suction opening (7) and the suction opening (7) cyclically occlusive valve closure element (8), preferably a valve spring, is conveyed into the working volume, characterized in that a

Actuating device (14) is provided which

is formed, the valve closure element (8)

open in cycles.

2. Refrigerant compressor according to claim 1, characterized

characterized in that the valve closure element (8) by the actuator (14) only

apparently supportive.

3. refrigerant compressor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized

characterized in that the actuating device (14) has a contact section (16) which coincides with the

Valve closure element (8) is engaged or engageable, wherein the

Actuating device (14) is formed, the Open valve closure element (8) by moving the contact portion (16) intermittently.

4. refrigerant compressor according to claim 3, characterized

in that the contact section (16) faces the side of the piston facing away from the piston (2)

Valve closure element (8) is in contact or bringba to open this by applying a compressive force

5. refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the opening of the

Valve closure element (8) with the

Actuator (14) at a balance of the refrigerant pressure on both sides of the

Valve closure element (8) can be introduced.

6. refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that by means of

Actuator (14) the

Valve closure element (8) is intermittently closable.

7. refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the

Actuating device (14) is formed, the

Valve closure element (8) in dependence of a

Crank angle of the crankshaft (3) open cyclically.

8. refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the Actuator (14) is mechanically coupled to the crankshaft (3) and outside the

Working volume comprises an actuating element (15, 36) having a contact with the valve closure element (8) in contact or in contact

Contact section (16).

9. refrigerant compressor according to claim 8, characterized

in that the actuating element (15) articulates on the cylinder housing (1) or on a

Cylinder head cover (11) of a cylinder head assembly (5) is connected.

10. Refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 8 or 9

characterized in that the actuating element (15) about a parallel to the longitudinal axis (4) of the crankshaft (3) aligned pivot axis (21) is pivotally mounted.

11. Refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 8-10,

characterized in that the

Actuator (14) with a

Operating portion (17) of the actuating element (15,

36) in operative contact control element (23, 37), which control element (23, 37) rotationally fixed to the crankshaft (3) is connected,

wherein actuating element (15, 36) and control element (23,

37) are formed such that a rotational

Movement of the crankshaft (3) in a pivoting movement or a translational movement of at least the

Contact portion (16) of the actuating element (15, 36) is convertible.

12. refrigerant compressor according to claim 11, characterized

in that the control element (23, 27) is connected to the actuating section (17) of the

Actuator (15, 36) in contact

Guide surface (24), wherein the

Guide surface (24) eccentrically to the longitudinal axis (4) of the crankshaft (3) is formed.

13. refrigerant compressor according to claim 12, characterized

characterized in that the guide surface (4) faces away from an end face (26) of the drive unit facing (25) or one of the drive unit

Control (23) arranged annularly extending

Groove (27) is formed.

14. Refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 12 to 13,

characterized in that the actuating element (15) has a hebeiförmigen base body (18), wherein a first lever arm (19) of the base body (18) the

Operating portion (17) and a second

Lever arm (20) of the base body (18) the

Contact section (16).

15. Refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 9 to 14,

characterized in that the cylinder head cover (11) the cylinder head assembly (5) forms a bearing point (30) for the actuating element (15)

or that a bracket (29) on the cylinder head cover (11) of the cylinder head assembly (5) is attached, which

Holder (29) has a bearing point (30) for the

Actuator (15) is formed.

16. refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 14 or

15, characterized in that the base body (18) of the actuating element (15) at least one

Knick (22, 22a, 22b, 22c), preferably at least one kink (22) per lever arm (19,20), wherein a bending axis (37) in each case substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (4) of the crankshaft (3) is aligned ,

17. Refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 3 to 16,

characterized in that a cross-sectional area of the contact portion (16) of the operating member (15, 36) is small compared to a cross-sectional area of the

Suction opening (7) is.

18. Refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 3 to

Claim 17, characterized in that the

Contact section (16) by a springy

Contact element (31), in particular of spring wire or plastic, is formed.

19. Refrigerant compressor according to claim 18 and one of

Claims 8 to 17, characterized in that the Contact element (31) is flat and has a bent connecting portion (32), wherein the connecting portion (32) optionally one,

preferably hebeiförmigen, basic body (18) of the

Actuator (15) with the contact portion (16) connects.

20. Refrigerant compressor according to claim 19, characterized

characterized in that the contact section (16) in

Substantially parallel to a bore axis of

Suction opening (7) is arranged to extend and that the connecting portion (32) at least one V-shaped

Bending, wherein a contact element (31) formed by the plane preferably parallel to

Longitudinal axis (4) of the crankshaft (3) is aligned.

21. Refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 3 to 20,

characterized in that the contact portion (16) at least partially in a bore (35) of the

Cylinder head cover (11) of the cylinder head assembly (5) and / or in a bore (35) of a

Suction muffler (33), preferably one

Outlet (34) of the suction muffler (33) is guided.

22. Refrigerant compressor according to one of claims 8, 11, 12,

17-20, characterized in that the

Actuator (15) comprises a first, in particular straight, section which is parallel to the piston (2) is translationally movable, and a second bent portion which engages behind the suction opening (7) and carries the contact portion (16), so that it is also parallel to the piston (2) translationally movable.

23. A method for operating a refrigerant compressor with an electric drive unit, a

Cylinder housing (1), one of the electrical

Drive unit drivable crankshaft (3) and one of the crankshaft (3) drivable, in one

Working volume of the cylinder housing (1) guided

Piston (2) for the cyclical compression of a refrigerant, which via a suction valve, comprising a

Suction opening (7) and the suction opening (7) cyclically occlusive valve closure element (8), preferably a valve spring, is transported into the working volume, characterized in that a

Actuating device (14) is provided, with which the valve closure element (8) is opened intermittently at least supportive.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that

the actuating device (14) a

Contact portion (16), which with the

Valve closure element (8) is engaged or engageable, wherein the Valve closure element (8) by moving the

Contact section (16) is opened intermittently.