WO2018090539A1 - 基桩检测桩顶保护装置 - Google Patents

基桩检测桩顶保护装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018090539A1
WO2018090539A1 PCT/CN2017/079283 CN2017079283W WO2018090539A1 WO 2018090539 A1 WO2018090539 A1 WO 2018090539A1 CN 2017079283 W CN2017079283 W CN 2017079283W WO 2018090539 A1 WO2018090539 A1 WO 2018090539A1
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Prior art keywords
pile
layer
protection device
top protection
mat
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PCT/CN2017/079283
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄志忠
代安娜
黄小友
翟俊伟
罗嘉辉
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广东中科华大工程技术检测有限公司
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Publication of WO2018090539A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018090539A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to a pile top detecting protection device for piles.
  • the pile foundation is the foundation composed of the pile and the platform connected to the top of the pile.
  • the pile group foundation refers to the pile foundation composed of more than 2 rows of piles, and the pile foundation refers to the single pile in the group pile foundation.
  • the high strain method is a detection method for judging the vertical compressive bearing capacity of the pile and the integrity of the pile body, that is, using the pile hammer to transiently excite the pile top of the pile, using the wave theory, the pile The vertical compressive bearing capacity and the integrity of the pile are determined.
  • a pile mat is usually provided as a protection device between the top surface of the pile and the pile hammer, and the conventional pile mat is made of 10-30 mm thick wood or plywood.
  • the present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a simple protection device for a pile foundation.
  • a pile-repairing pile top protection device comprises a pile mat, wherein the pile mat is placed on a top surface of the pile, that is, between the top surface of the pile and the pile hammer, and the outermost layer of the pile mat is an elastic layer.
  • the pile mat has at least one rigid layer inside.
  • the pile mat adopts the composite structure pile pad of elastic layer and rigid layer. It has strong durability and can be recycled. It can not only protect the pile top from hammer damage, but also can be applied to the foundation without affecting the wave speed of the pile body. The force transmission of the pile improves the matching of the pile hammer, the test is operability, and the test result is more accurate.
  • the pile mat is arranged in an alternating stack of the elastic layer and the rigid layer, or the rigid layer in the pile mat is wrapped by the elastic layer.
  • the elastic layer is a rubber layer
  • the rigid layer is a steel plate layer or an iron plate layer.
  • the rubber layer has good elasticity and has a certain buffering effect.
  • the steel plate layer or the iron plate layer has sufficient vertical rigidity, and the combined use can realize the coordination of the force transmission and the buffering effect.
  • the pile ferrule is further formed by at least two ferrules, and the ferrules are fixedly connected by bolts, and the size of the pile ferrule and the size of the pile Matching, the pile collar is wrapped around the outside of the pile.
  • the pile sleeve is wrapped around the pile to avoid damage and damage to the pile head when the pile is hammered, which reduces the installation process of the traditional steel plate or steel mesh, which is beneficial to the rapid replacement of the protection device.
  • the hoop plate comprises an arc tube and a bolt plate connected to both ends of the arc tube, the bolt plate and the arc tube are connected by welding, and the first bolt hole is disposed at a corresponding position of each bolt plate.
  • the first bolt holes are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the bolt plate, and the arc tubes are bolted through the first bolt holes on the bolt plate to enclose the pile sleeve.
  • a wedge-shaped reinforcing plate is disposed outside the arc tube and the bolt plate joint. The welding strength of the arc tube and the bolt plate is ensured so that it does not easily break.
  • a stress diffusion layer is further disposed on the inner side of the curved tube, sandwiched between the curved tube and the pile, and the pile sleeve and the pile pile head are added.
  • the contact area between the two avoids the disadvantages of the traditional wrapping method, which can not effectively protect the pile body, and avoids stress concentration caused by fatigue failure of the steel plate or steel bar.
  • the stress diffusion layer is a rubber sheet, and the rubber sheets are evenly arranged axially along the outer circumference of the pile to make the pile more uniform.
  • the arc tube wall is provided with a second bolt hole, the second bolt hole is located corresponding to the position of each piece of rubber, and each piece of rubber passes through the curved tube wall The second bolt hole on the upper is bolted.
  • the number of the rubber sheets is 14-18; the second bolt holes corresponding to the positions of the rubber sheets are three second bolt holes disposed in the axial direction, that is, 14 -18 columns of second bolt holes, the number of second bolt holes in each column is three.
  • the number of the hoop plates is two, and the arc tubes are semi-circular tubes. That is, the two hoop plates are huged to form a pile hoop. Setting the pile clamp in this range can effectively protect the pile body and ensure the smooth running of the test.
  • the pile cuff is disposed at a specific position from the top of the pile cuff to a range of 1-1.5 times the pile diameter from the top of the pile.
  • the laminated structure pile with elastic layer and rigid layer is durable, can be recycled, saves materials, is convenient to install and maintain, and saves manpower and material resources. It has a certain buffering effect, and the top of the pile and the pile hammer can not only protect the pile top from hammer damage, but also the load of the pile hammer is concentrated and evenly transmitted to the pile through the pile mat, and the force is large and uniform, and the pile hammer is improved at the same time. Matching, solve the problem of low frequency components of the measured curve when using wood or plywood, and the result is distorted. The test is operability and the test result is more accurate.
  • the pile collar is wrapped around the pile to avoid damage and damage to the pile head when the pile is hammered.
  • the installation process of the traditional steel plate or steel mesh is reduced, which is beneficial to the rapid replacement of the protection device.
  • the inner side of the curved tube is provided with a stress diffusion layer between the pile and the pile, which increases the contact area between the pile sleeve and the pile pile head, and avoids the disadvantages of the traditional wrapping method that cannot effectively protect the pile body and avoids Stress concentration is caused by fatigue failure of steel plates or steel bars.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pile top protection device for a pile according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pile pad in a pile top protection device for a pile according to the present invention
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hoop plate in the pile top protection device of the pile according to the present invention.
  • the pile top protection device for the pile detection comprises a pile mat 1 and a pile hoop 2 , and the pile mat 1 is placed on the top surface of the pile 3 , and in the actual detection process, the pile mat 1 It is located between the top surface of the pile 3 and the pile hammer to protect the pile 3 from damage.
  • the outermost layer of the pile mat 1 is an elastic layer, and at least one rigid layer is disposed inside the pile mat 1.
  • the outermost layer should be understood as the layer in which the pile mat 1 is in contact with the top surface of the pile, and the pile mat 1 The layer in contact with the pile hammer.
  • the structure shown in Fig. 2 is that the elastic layer is wrapped with a rigid layer, and the rigid layer is not exposed to any portion of the pile pad 1.
  • the pile mat 1 may also adopt a structure in which the elastic layer and the rigid layer are alternately stacked.
  • the elastic layer is a rubber structure 11 and the rigid layer is a steel sheet layer 12. It will be appreciated that the rubber structure may be replaced by other elastomeric materials in other embodiments, which may also be an iron layer or the like.
  • the pile sleeve 2 is matched with the size of the pile 3, and the pile sleeve 2 is wrapped around the outside of the pile 3.
  • the pile sleeve 2 comprises two hoops 8, namely a left hoop and The right hoop plate, the two hoop plates 8 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the pile hoop cover 2 is wrapped around the outside of the pile 3.
  • the pile hoop sleeve shown in Fig. 1 is wrapped around the pile body only as a schematic view, and the top of the pile hoop cover is shown in the figure. It coincides with the top of the pile, but in the actual engineering application and actual inspection process, the specific position of the pile hoop is set to the range of 1-1.5 times the pile diameter from the top of the pile.
  • the hoop plate 8 includes an arc-shaped tube and a bolt plate 5 connected to both ends of the arc-shaped tube, and each bolt plate 5 is provided with a first bolt hole 9 at a corresponding position.
  • the arc tube is a semi-circular tube 4
  • the hoop plate 8 includes a semi-circular tube 4 and a bolt plate 5 connected to both ends of the semi-circular tube 4.
  • the bolt plate 5 is fixedly connected with the semi-circular tube 4, and can be welded, bonded or Other mechanical fixed connections are achieved, in this embodiment a welded connection.
  • a row of wedge-shaped reinforcing plates 6 is arranged outside the welded joint of the semicircular pipe 4 and the bolt plate 5.
  • Each row of bolt plates 4 is provided with a row of first bolt holes 9, the number of first bolt holes 9 is four, the first bolt holes 9 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the bolt plate 4, and the semicircular tubes 4 pass through the bolt plates 5 A bolt hole 9 is bolted to enclose the pile sleeve 2.
  • the stress diffusion layer is disposed on the inner side of the curved tube and sandwiched between the curved tube and the base pile.
  • the stress diffusion layer 7 is 14-18 rectangular rubber sheets.
  • the length of the rubber sheet matches the length of the semicircular tube 4, and the sum of the widths of all the rubber sheets matches the length of the semicircular arc of the semicircular tube 4, and the tube surrounded by all the rubber sheets completely conforms to the pile 3.
  • Rubber sheet The axial arrangement is evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the pile 3, that is, evenly distributed along the inner wall of the semicircular pipe 4, so that the pile 3 is more evenly stressed.
  • the second bolt hole 10 is disposed on the wall of the semicircular tube 4, and the position of the second bolt hole 10 corresponds to the position of each piece of rubber sheet, that is, 14-18 second bolt holes 10 are provided correspondingly, and each column is second.
  • the number of bolt holes 10 is three, and each rubber sheet is bolted by a second bolt hole 10 in the wall of the semicircular pipe 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

一种基桩（3）检测桩顶保护装置，包括桩垫（1），桩垫（1）用于放置在基桩（3）顶面，即位于基桩（3）顶面和桩锤之间，桩垫（1）最外层为弹性层，桩垫（1）内部至少设有一层刚性层。

Description

基桩检测桩顶保护装置 技术领域
本发明涉及土木工程的技术领域，尤其是一种基桩检测桩顶保护装置。
背景技术
桩基础为由桩和连接于桩顶的承台共同组成的基础，群桩基础是指由2排以上的桩组成的桩基础，基桩就是指群桩基础中的单桩。其中，高应变法是对基桩的竖向抗压承载力和桩身完整性进行判定的一种检测方法，即利用桩锤瞬态激振基桩的桩顶，利用波动理论，对基桩的竖向抗压承载力和桩身完整性进行判定。在检测过程中，通常基桩顶面和桩锤之间会设置桩垫作为保护装置，传统的桩垫用10-30mm厚的木板或者胶合板制成。但现场检测发现，木板或胶合板几乎不能循环使用；同时对于短桩和承载力较小的桩，使用木板通常会影响桩锤的匹配性，实测曲线低频成分较多，激发的频域较窄，导致结果“失真”。
发明内容
基于此，本发明在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种基桩桩头简易保护装置。
其技术方案如下：
一种基桩检测桩顶保护装置，包括桩垫，所述桩垫用于放置在基桩顶面，即位于基桩顶面和桩锤之间，所述桩垫最外层为弹性层，桩垫内部至少设有一层刚性层。桩垫采用弹性层和刚性层的复合结构桩垫，耐用性强，可循环使用，不仅能保护桩顶不受锤击损伤，还可以在不影响桩身波速情况下向基 桩传力，改善桩锤匹配性，试验可操作性强，试验结果更加准确。
在其中一个实施例中，所述桩垫为所述弹性层与所述刚性层呈交替层叠状排布，或所述桩垫中的刚性层被所述弹性层包裹。
在其中一个实施例中，所述弹性层为橡胶层，所述刚性层为钢板层或铁板层。橡胶层有良好的弹性，具有一定的缓冲作用，钢板层或铁板层具有足够的竖向刚度，结合使用可以实现传力与缓冲效果的协调统一。
在其中一个实施例中，还包括桩箍套，所述桩箍套由至少两个箍板合抱而成，各箍板之间通过螺栓固定连接，所述桩箍套的尺寸与基桩的尺寸相匹配，所述桩箍套围裹于基桩外部。采用桩箍套围裹于桩身上，避免桩锤击桩时，桩头遭到破坏和损坏，减少了传统的钢板或钢筋网片的安装工序，有利于保护装置的快速更换。
在其中一个实施例中，所述箍板包括弧形管和与弧形管两端连接的螺栓板，所述螺栓板与弧形管通过焊接连接，各螺栓板对应位置设有第一螺栓孔。第一螺栓孔沿着螺栓板纵向设置，各弧形管通过螺栓板上的第一螺栓孔螺栓连接，围成桩箍套。
在其中一个实施例中，所述弧形管与螺栓板连接处外侧设有楔形加固板。保证了弧形管与螺栓板的焊接强度，使其不会轻易断裂。
在其中一个实施例中，还包括应力扩散层，所述应力扩散层设置在所述弧形管内侧，夹置在弧形管与基桩之间，增加了桩箍套与基桩桩头之间的接触面积，避免了传统围裹方式点接触不能有效保护桩身的弊端，并且避免了钢板或钢筋疲劳破坏产生应力集中。
在其中一个实施例中，所述应力扩散层为橡胶片，橡胶片沿着基桩的外圆周轴向均匀排布，使基桩受力更加均匀。
在其中一个实施例中，所述弧形管管壁上设有第二螺栓孔，所述第二螺栓孔的位置与每片橡胶片的位置相对应，每片橡胶片通过弧形管管壁上的第二螺栓孔用螺栓固定。
在其中一个实施例中，所述橡胶片的数量为14-18；所述与每片橡胶片的位置相对应的第二螺栓孔为沿轴向设置3个第二螺栓孔，即设有14-18列第二螺栓孔，每列第二螺栓孔的数量为3个。
在其中一个实施例中，所述箍板的数量为2，所述弧形管为半圆管。即两个箍板合抱形成桩箍套。在此范围内设置桩箍套能有效地保护桩身，保证试验顺利进行。
在其中一个实施例中，所述桩箍套设置的具体位置为桩箍套顶部距桩顶1-1.5倍桩径范围。
本发明的有益效果在于：
采用弹性层和刚性层复合的层状结构桩垫，耐用性强，可循环使用，节省材料，安装、维护方便，节省人力物力。具有一定的缓冲作用，隔离桩顶和桩锤，不仅能保护桩顶不受锤击损伤，并且桩锤的载荷通过桩垫集中且均匀传递给基桩，受力大且均匀，同时改善桩锤匹配性，解决使用木板或胶合板时实测曲线低频成分多，结果失真的问题，试验可操作性强，试验结果更加准确。
采用桩箍套围裹于桩身上，避免桩锤击桩时，桩头遭到破坏和损坏，减 少了传统的钢板或钢筋网片的安装工序，有利于保护装置的快速更换。弧形管内侧，与基桩之间设有应力扩散层，增加了桩箍套与基桩桩头之间的接触面积，避免了传统围裹方式点接触不能有效保护桩身的弊端，并且避免了钢板或钢筋疲劳破坏产生应力集中。
附图说明
图1为本发明的基桩检测桩顶保护装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的基桩检测桩顶保护装置中的桩垫结构示意图；
图3为本发明的基桩检测桩顶保护装置中的箍板结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1-桩垫、2-桩箍套、3-基桩、4-半圆管、5-螺栓板、6-楔形加固板、7-应力扩散层、8-箍板、9-第一螺栓孔、10-第二螺栓孔、11-橡胶结构、12-钢板层。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及具体实施方式，对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用以解释本发明，并不限定本发明的保护范围。
如图1所示为一种基桩检测桩顶保护装置，包括桩垫1和桩箍套2，所述桩垫1用于放置在基桩3顶面，在实际检测过程中，桩垫1位于基桩3顶面和桩锤之间，用于保护基桩3不受破坏。
如图2所示，本实施例中，所述桩垫1最外层为弹性层，桩垫1内部至少设有一层刚性层。最外层应理解为桩垫1与基桩顶面接触的层，以及桩垫1 与桩锤接触的层。图2所示结构为弹性层包裹刚性层，刚性层不外露于桩垫1的任何部位。另外的一些实施例中，所述桩垫1还可采用所述弹性层与所述刚性层呈交替层叠状排布的结构。
一实施例中，弹性层为橡胶结构11，刚性层为钢板层12。可以理解橡胶结构在其他实施例中可由其他弹性材料代替，所述刚性层也可为铁板层等。
所述桩箍套2与基桩3的尺寸相匹配，所述桩箍套2围裹于基桩3外部，本实施例中，桩箍套2包括两个箍板8，即左箍板和右箍板，两箍板8之间通过螺栓固定连接，桩箍套2围裹于基桩3外部，图1所示的桩箍套围裹于桩身仅为示意图，图中桩箍套顶部与桩顶重合，但在实际工程运用和实际检测过程中，桩箍套设置的具体位置为桩箍套顶部距桩顶1-1.5倍桩径范围。
如图3所示，所述箍板8包括弧形管和与弧形管两端连接的螺栓板5，各螺栓板5对应位置设有第一螺栓孔9。本实施例中，弧形管为半圆管4，箍板8包括半圆管4和与半圆管4两端连接的螺栓板5，螺栓板5与半圆管4固定连接，可通过焊接、粘结或其他机械固定连接实现，本实施例中为焊接连接。半圆管4与螺栓板5焊接连接处外侧设有一排楔形加固板6。各螺栓板4对应位置设有一排第一螺栓孔9，第一螺栓孔9的数量为4个，第一螺栓孔9沿着螺栓板4纵向设置，各半圆管4通过螺栓板5上的第一螺栓孔9螺栓连接，围成桩箍套2。
另外，还包括应力扩散层，所述应力扩散层设置在所述弧形管内侧，夹置在弧形管与基桩之间，本实施中，应力扩散层7为14-18片矩形橡胶片，橡胶片的长度与半圆管4的长度相匹配，所有橡胶片的宽度总和与半圆管4的半圆弧长长度相匹配，所有橡胶片围成的管状物与基桩3完全贴合。橡胶片 沿着基桩3的外圆周轴向均匀排布，即沿着半圆管4内壁轴向均匀分布，使基桩3受力更加均匀。
半圆管4管壁上设有第二螺栓孔10，所述第二螺栓孔10的位置与每片橡胶片的位置相对应，即对应设有14-18第二螺栓孔10，每列第二螺栓孔10的数量为3个，每片橡胶片通过半圆管4管壁上的第二螺栓孔10用螺栓固定。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基桩检测桩顶保护装置，包括桩垫，所述桩垫用于放置在基桩顶面，其特征在于，所述桩垫最外层为弹性层，桩垫内部至少设有一层刚性层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基桩检测桩顶保护装置，其特征在于，所述桩垫为所述弹性层与所述刚性层呈交替层叠状排布，或所述桩垫中的刚性层被所述弹性层包裹。
  3. 根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的基桩检测桩顶保护装置，其特征在于，所述弹性层为橡胶层，所述刚性层为钢板层或铁板层。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基桩检测桩顶保护装置，其特征在于，还包括桩箍套，所述桩箍套由至少两个箍板合抱而成，各箍板之间通过螺栓固定连接，所述桩箍套的尺寸与基桩的尺寸相匹配，所述桩箍套围裹于基桩外部。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的基桩检测桩顶保护装置，其特征在于，所述箍板包括弧形管和与弧形管两端连接的螺栓板，各螺栓板对应位置设有第一螺栓孔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的基桩检测桩顶保护装置，其特征在于，所述弧形管与螺栓板连接处外侧设有楔形加固板。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的基桩检测桩顶保护装置，其特征在于，还包括应力扩散层，所述应力扩散层设置在所述弧形管内侧，夹置在弧形管与基桩之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的基桩检测桩顶保护装置，其特征在于，所述应力扩散层为橡胶片，橡胶片沿着基桩的外圆周轴向均匀排布。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的基桩检测桩顶保护装置，其特征在于，所述弧形管管壁上设有第二螺栓孔，所述第二螺栓孔的位置与每片橡胶片的位置相对应。
  10. 根据权利要求4-9任一项所述的基桩检测桩顶保护装置，其特征在于，所述箍板的数量为2，所述弧形管为半圆管。
PCT/CN2017/079283 2016-11-15 2017-04-01 基桩检测桩顶保护装置 WO2018090539A1 (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005068707A (ja) * 2003-08-21 2005-03-17 Jiban Shikensho:Kk 杭の急速載荷試験装置
JP2008069535A (ja) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-27 Tama Kayaku Kiko Kk 地盤埋設杭の支持力試験方法および試験装置
CN202509497U (zh) * 2012-02-20 2012-10-31 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 混凝土管桩桩垫
CN106013153A (zh) * 2016-07-08 2016-10-12 上海长凯岩土工程有限公司 一种用于钢管桩施工的端部保护装置及其工作方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005068707A (ja) * 2003-08-21 2005-03-17 Jiban Shikensho:Kk 杭の急速載荷試験装置
JP2008069535A (ja) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-27 Tama Kayaku Kiko Kk 地盤埋設杭の支持力試験方法および試験装置
CN202509497U (zh) * 2012-02-20 2012-10-31 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 混凝土管桩桩垫
CN106013153A (zh) * 2016-07-08 2016-10-12 上海长凯岩土工程有限公司 一种用于钢管桩施工的端部保护装置及其工作方法

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