WO2018090427A1 - Fastener - Google Patents

Abstract

A fastener (10) is provided, comprising: a tightening member (1), constructed to mate with a mating screw (100) to fasten a fastened member, wherein a first joint surface is formed on a first end surface of the tightening member (1); and an annular member (2), wherein the annular member (2) and the tightening member (1) are coaxial, a first recessed portion (21) is formed on a first side of the annular member (2), and a second joint surface is formed on a bottom of the first recessed portion (21). The first joint surface is accommodated in the first recessed portion (21), and the first joint surface mates with the second joint surface, such that the tightening member (1), when loose, is prevented from being further loosened. The fastener of the present invention can fix a nut or a bolt head more stably, and hide a joint surface between the nut or the bolt head and the annular member in the annular member, thereby reducing the possibility of the performance of the fastener being affected by foreign matter entering into a space between the joint surfaces when in poor working conditions, making the fastener more stable and reliable.

Description

fastener

This application claims the Chinese patent application filed on November 16, 2016, the Chinese Patent Application No. 201611024412.4, and the Chinese Patent Application No. 201611024364.9 submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on November 16, 2016, The entire disclosure of the application is hereby incorporated by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a fastener, and more particularly to a fastener that achieves more stable and reliable positioning and protection of the tightening member.

Background technique

Fasteners are used in a variety of applications where there is a need for connection and fastening, such as in vehicles, construction machinery, agricultural machinery, manufacturing machinery, and the like. In engineering machinery or engineering vehicles, due to the harsh working environment and the existence of heavy loads, the fasteners on construction machinery or engineering vehicles are subjected to vibration and load impact in all directions, which makes the fasteners easier to loosen. This causes damage or even failure of the fastening function, which causes serious safety problems.

Currently commonly used fastener anti-loose methods generally include a non-removable lock-proof design and a friction-proof design that increases friction. The non-removable lock-proof design changes the detachable threaded connection to a non-removable threaded connection by means of welding, bonding or riveting. In the non-removable lock-proof design, the fasteners can not be reused and the operation is complicated, and it is often used in some important occasions where the anti-loosening performance is high and there is no need to disassemble. The anti-loose design that increases the frictional force achieves the anti-looseness by increasing the friction between the threads or the bolt (screw) head and the nut end face or simultaneously increasing the friction between the two. The anti-loose design that increases the friction is not limited by the space, and can be repeatedly disassembled, but the reliability is poor. After a certain period of work, the anti-loose effect is reduced due to vibration or the like.

Summary of the invention

According to an embodiment of an aspect of the invention, a fastener is provided, comprising:

a tightening member configured to be coupled with the mating screw to fasten the fastener, the first joint surface of the tightening member forming a first joint surface;

a ring member, the ring member is disposed coaxially with the tightening member, the first side of the ring member is formed with a first recessed portion, and a bottom portion of the first recessed portion forms a second joint surface;

Wherein the first joint surface is received in the first recessed portion, and the first joint surface is combined with the second joint surface to hinder further retraction of the tightening member when the tightening member is retracted.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the tightening member comprises:

Main body;

a first protruding portion extending from one end of the main body portion, and the first bonding surface is formed on an end surface of the first protruding portion.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first bonding surface is provided with at least one first bonding portion, and the second bonding surface is provided with at least one second bonding portion that cooperates with the first bonding portion The first joint portion includes a first oblique joint surface and a second blocking surface extending in a circumferential direction, and the second joint portion includes a first oblique joint surface and a second blocking surface extending in a circumferential direction, wherein The first oblique joint surface of the first joint portion is configured to be mated with the first oblique joint surface of the second joint portion, and the second blocking surface of the first joint portion is configured to be the same as the second joint portion The two blocking surfaces are mated to each other to achieve a combination of the tightening member and the ring member.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first oblique joint surface of the first joint portion and the first oblique joint surface of the second joint portion each form a spiral surface having the same angle of inclination to cooperate with each other. The helix angle of the helicoid is greater than the helix angle of the external thread of the mating screw, and the helix of the helix on the second joint of the ring is in a direction opposite to the screwing direction of the outer thread.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first joint portion and the mating second joint portion are both.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein the second blocking surface of the first joint portion And the second blocking surface of the second joint is the same angle as the horizontal plane, and both are obtuse or right angle.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the second side of the ring member opposite to the first side is formed with a ratchet, the ratchet being configured such that the ring member and the member to be fastened The frictional force is greater than the friction between the tightening member and the ring member such that the ring member remains stationary relative to the fastened member when the tightening member is loose relative to the screw.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the ratchet teeth are configured to be radially arranged on a surface of the ring member on a side close to the member to be fastened.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the tightening member has a regular quadrangular prism shape, a regular hexagonal prism shape or a quincunx outer surface, and an outer peripheral surface of the annular member is formed with a plum lace for the wrench device to drive the The tightening member rotates together with the ring member.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the number of sides of the plum lace of the ring member is more than three times the number of sides of the tightening member having a prism shape.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fastener of claim 9 or 10, wherein: the wrench device comprises:

a cylindrical body portion;

a first wrench portion disposed inside the main body portion and configured to cooperate with the plum lace of the ring member;

A second wrench portion is disposed inside the main body portion and configured to cooperate with an outer side surface of the tightening member.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of drive holes are provided on a first side of the ring member.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an arcuate guide groove that communicates with the drive hole is further formed on the ring member.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the tightening member is a nut that is threadedly engaged with the mating screw.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein the nut and the ring are constructed The two cannot be completely separated.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the tightening member further includes an annular second protrusion, the second protrusion being from the first protrusion at the first joint surface The inside extends to be received in the ring.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the end of the second projection forms an outwardly projecting flange, the flange mating with the second side of the ring to allow the The nut rotates relative to the ring but is not detachable from the ring.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the flange is formed by a stamping process after the second protrusion passes from the first side of the ring member through the ring member to the second side of.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the nut and the ring member are separate pieces.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fastener according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the tightening member is a bolt head, and the bolt head is integrally connected with the mating screw And turn together.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:

Retracting the indicating device, the retreating indicating device includes:

a detecting unit, the detecting unit is adapted to be mounted on the tightening member to detect a loosening amount of the tightening member, and output data information about a loosening amount of the tightening member;

a control unit configured to receive data information output by the detecting unit and process the data information;

a display unit configured to display information indicating a loosening amount of the tightening member according to the processed data information.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein the control unit and the display unit are disposed in a terminal device, the retreat indicating device further includes:

a wireless transmission unit adapted to transmit data information output by the detection unit to the control unit.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein the terminal device is a handheld smart device or a computer.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the amount of loosening of the tightening member detected is an angle of rotation of the tightening member.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the control unit compares the detected amount of loosening of the tightening member with a predetermined limit value of the amount of loosening, and determines, according to the comparison result, the loosening of the tightening member is Normal state, critical state or alarm state, and output corresponding control commands and data according to different states.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the control unit determines that the loosening of the fastener is in a normal state according to the difference between the detected loosening amount of the tightening member and the predetermined limit value of the loosening amount. a critical state or an alarm state, wherein the normal state is a state when the difference is greater than a predetermined difference; the critical state is a state when the difference is less than a predetermined difference; the alarm state is The state when the difference is equal to or less than zero.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the retreat indicating device further includes a user setting unit provided in the terminal device, wherein the user setting unit receives a predetermined limit value of a loosening amount input by the user, and The predetermined limit value is sent to the control unit.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the display unit includes a light indicating unit configured to indicate a normal state, a critical state, or an alarm state of the loosening of the tightening member.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the display unit displays the amount of loosening of the tightening member according to the processed data information.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the retreat indicating device further includes:

The audible warning unit is configured to emit a corresponding warning sound, and the warning that the loosening amount of the tightening member is in a critical state or an alarm state.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the description of the appended claims.

DRAWINGS

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

1 is a perspective view showing a fastener according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the fastener shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the fastener shown in Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a plan view showing the fastener shown in Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the nut of the fastener shown in Figure 1;

Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the nut shown in Figure 5;

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a nut according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the ring member of the fastener shown in Figure 1;

Figure 9 is another perspective view showing the ring member of the fastener shown in Figure 1;

Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the ring member shown in Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a plan view showing the ring member shown in Figure 9 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a ring member according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

Figure 13 is a geometrical schematic view showing a helix angle of the first joint surface of the tightening member shown in Figure 5;

Figure 14 is a geometrical schematic view showing the helix angle of the external thread of the screw engaged with the tightening member of the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 15 is a perspective view showing a wrench device for tightening or loosening the fastener;

Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the wrench device shown in Figure 15;

Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of a wrench device in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the operation principle when the fastener shown in Figure 1 is applied to an engineering vehicle;

19 is an exploded perspective view showing a fastener according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the working principle when the fastener is fastened by the fastener shown in Figure 19;

21 shows a retraction indicating device of a fastener according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. block diagram;

22 shows a flow chart of a method of indicating a retreat of a fastener in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 23 is a perspective view showing the state in which the nut of the nut fastener is in a normal state;

Figure 24 is a perspective view showing the state in which the nut of the nut fastener is in a critical state; and

Figure 25 is a perspective view showing the state in which the nut of the nut fastener is released from the alarm state.

detailed description

Although the present invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is understood that those skilled in the art can modify the invention described herein while obtaining the technical effect of the invention. Therefore, the above description is to be understood as a broad disclosure of the invention, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments described herein.

In accordance with the present general inventive concept, a fastener is provided that includes a tightening member and a ring member. The tightening member is configured to be coupled with the mating screw to secure the fastener, the first end surface of the nut forming a first joint surface. The ring member is disposed coaxially with the tightening member, the first side of the ring member is formed with a first recessed portion, and the bottom portion of the first recessed portion forms a second joint surface. The first joint surface is received in the first recess, and the first joint surface is combined with the second joint surface to hinder further retraction of the tightening member when the tightening member is retracted.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the tightening member has a regular quadrangular prism shape, a regular hexagonal prism shape or a quincunx outer surface. As shown in Figures 1-7, the tightening member is a nut 1 that is threadedly engaged with the screw 100 (Fig. 18). The nut 1 can be a square nut, a hex nut or a plum nut. As shown in Figures 19-20, the tightening member is a bolt head 200 that is integrally coupled to the screw 201 and rotates together. Thus, the bolt head 200 and the screw 201 constitute a bolt. The bolt head 200 can be a square bolt head, a hex bolt head or a plum bolt head.

Referring to FIG. 1-18, the fastener of the embodiment of the present invention is described by taking the tightening member as a nut as an example. Said.

As shown in FIGS. 1-6, the fastener 10 includes a nut 1 and a ring member 2. The nut 1 is configured to be combined with a mating screw (Fig. 18) to fasten the fastener, the first end surface (the lower surface in Fig. 1) of the nut 1 forming a first joint surface; the ring member 2 and the joint The nut 1 is disposed coaxially, and the first side (the upper side in FIG. 1) of the ring member is formed with a first recessed portion 21, and the bottom of the first recessed portion forms a second joint surface; The first joint surface is received in the first recess, and the first joint surface is combined with the second joint surface to hinder further retraction of the nut 1 when the nut 1 is retracted.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that by accommodating the first joint face of the nut 1 in the first recess 21 of the ring member, a more stable positioning of the nut is achieved and the first joint face of the nut and the ring member are The second joint surface is hidden within the ring member, which reduces the possibility of foreign matter entering the joint surface under severe working conditions and affecting the performance of the fastener, so that the fastener is more stable and reliable.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the fastener of the present invention can be applied to a work machine, for example, as a connector for a track shoe, chassis member in an engineering vehicle. Due to the harsh working conditions of the working machine, there is a large vibration and a large load during use, especially the lateral load occurs, so that the nut or bolt head in the fastener will occur with the passage of time. Loose. By using the fastener of the embodiment of the invention, by the cooperation of the nut or the bolt head and the ring member used as the washer, when the nut or the bolt head starts to retreat, the thread locking force is tighter, and the nut or the bolt head is further restrained. The fastener is loosened and the fastener is more stably and reliably fastened to the screw 100.

The nut in the fastener can be of various shapes, such as a hex nut, a square nut, or a Phillips nut, and the nut shown in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 5 is a hex nut.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1, the nut 1 comprises a prism-shaped body portion 11 and a cylindrical first projection 12 from which the first projection 12 is One end of the portion 11 extends, and the first joint surface is formed on an end surface of the first protrusion portion 12.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, the first joint surface includes a first oblique joint surface 121 and a second barrier surface 122 extending in a circumferential direction, the first The second bonding surface includes a first oblique bonding surface 211 and a second blocking surface 212 extending in a circumferential direction, wherein the first The first oblique joint surface 121 of a joint surface is configured to be mated with the first oblique joint surface 211 of the second joint portion, and the second blocking surface 122 of the first joint surface is configured to be combined with the second joint portion The second blocking surface 212 is mated to contact to achieve a bond of the nut to the ring.

Figure 13 is a geometrical schematic diagram showing the helix angle of the first joint face of the nut shown in Figure 5. Figure 14 is a geometrical schematic diagram showing the helix angle of the external thread of the screw engaged with the nut of the embodiment of the present invention. The first oblique joint surface 121 of the first joint surface and the first oblique joint surface 211 of the second joint surface each form a spiral surface having the same angle of elevation to cooperate with each other. In Fig. 13, the right side portion of Fig. 13 shows a schematic view of the developed dimensional relationship of the helicoid. φ is the helix angle of the first oblique joint faces 121 and 211. Ph is the climbing height of the helicoid, and D is the median diameter of the helicoid. In Fig. 14, α is the thread angle of the external thread of the screw 100 engaged with the nut of the embodiment of the present invention, d is the thread diameter of the screw, d1 is the thread diameter of the screw, and d2 is the thread diameter of the screw. Since the nut 1 is engaged with the screw, the helix angle of the internal thread of the nut 1 is also α.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the first oblique joint surface 121 of the first joint portion and the first oblique joint surface 211 of the second joint portion are both formed to have the same lift angle. The spiral faces cooperate with each other. The helix angle φ of the helicoid is larger than the helix angle α of the internal thread, and the spirally rising direction of the helix on the second joint of the ring is opposite to the tightening direction of the external thread. Thus, in the case where the ring member 2 is stationary with respect to the screw 100 and the nut 1 is rotated by a predetermined angle with respect to the screw 100, the outer side of the nut 1 has a higher degree of creep in the axial direction (the upward direction in FIG. 1) with respect to the ring member 2 than The retracting height of the inner side of the nut relative to the thread of the screw in the axial direction (the upward direction in Fig. 1), since the screw is stationary with respect to the ring member, so that the nut 1 is stretched against the mating screw, that is, the nut is further pressed The ring member is tightened such that the ring member is further compressed by the fastener. Therefore, the ring member has the function of a lock washer.

It will also be understood by those skilled in the art that the thread pitch angles of the internal threads of the nut connector will be adjusted accordingly corresponding to different helix angles.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first joint portion and the mating second joint portion are each one or more, and the number of the first joint portions is equal to the number of the second joint portions.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, both the first joint and the mating second joint are two.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1-5, 7-15, the first joint and the mating second joint are two. The first joint portion and the second joint portion are respectively distributed along the circumferential direction of the first joint surface and the second joint surface. In the case of a plurality of joints, for example, six joints, since the helix surface for each joint portion is short, the angle at which the nut can be rotated when the nut is loose is small, and when the angle of rotation exceeds, for example, 60°, the first joint portion The first oblique joint surface is detached from the first oblique joint surface of the corresponding second joint portion and combined with the first oblique joint surface of the next second joint portion in the loose direction, at which time the nut is opposite to the ring member The creeping height falls, and the creeping height of the outside of the nut is no longer greater than the retracting height of the inner side of the nut with respect to the thread of the screw in the axial direction, so the nut fastener no longer has the effect of hindering the further retraction of the nut. For the embodiment of the two joints, since the helix surface for each joint portion is long, the maximum allowable nut loosening angle is large, so that it can be hindered in the stroke of the loosening of the larger nut. The function of the nut further retracting. Moreover, the structure of the two joints can reduce the processing complexity and the corresponding processing cost with respect to the plurality of joints.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in order to enable the second blocking faces 122, 212 to abut when the nut is coupled to the ring member, the mutual positioning of the nut and the ring member is achieved, and the nut is prevented from being engaged with The direction in which the internal threads are tightened in the same direction relative to the rotation of the ring member, the second blocking faces 122, 212 are at the same angle to the horizontal plane, and are both disposed at an obtuse or right angle. In the embodiment shown in Figures 2, 5, 8, and 11, the angle between the second blocking faces 122, 212 and the horizontal plane is a right angle.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, a ratchet 22 is formed on a surface of the ring member on a side close to the member to be fastened, and the ratchet 22 is configured such that the ring member The friction between the member 2 and the member to be fastened is greater than the friction between the nut 1 and the ring member 2 such that the ring member 2 remains stationary relative to the member to be fastened when the nut 1 is loose relative to the screw.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the ratchet 22 is configured to be radially arranged on the surface of the ring member on the side close to the member to be fastened as shown in FIG. The number of the radial ratchets is greater than the number of the first joints and the mating second joints, and the closely arranged radially arranged ratchets make A large frictional force is generated between the ring member 2 and the member to be fastened, the frictional force being greater than the frictional force between the nut 1 and the ring member 2, so that the ring member 2 remains stationary relative to the member to be fastened when the nut is loosened .

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the nut 1 has a regular quadrangular prism shape, a regular hexagonal prism shape or a quincunx outer surface, and an outer peripheral surface of the ring member is formed with a plum lace for the wrench device to drive the tightening member. Rotate with the ring. Thereby, the nut and the ring member are simultaneously locked or loosened, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the fastener.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the number of sides of the plum lace of the ring member 2 is more than three times the number of sides of the tightening member 1 having a prism shape.

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, according to an exemplary embodiment, the wrench device 3 includes: a cylindrical body portion; a first wrench portion 31 for coupling with the ring member 2, a wrench portion formed on an inner side of the first end of the main body portion coupled to the ring member, and formed into a plume-like shape that cooperates with the plume of the ring member; and a second wrench portion 32 for In combination with the nut, the second wrench portion 32 extends inwardly from the first wrench portion 31 along the axis of the body portion and is formed to match the outer side surface of the nut 1. The wrench device further includes a connecting portion 33 formed on the main body portion, the connecting portion 33 being for connecting with an external wrench tool to screw the wrench device 3, the ring member 2 and the nut 1 The connecting portion 33 extends from the second end of the main body portion opposite to the first end to the second wrench portion 32. In an alternative embodiment, a handle may be integrally provided on the body portion to drive the wrench device. When the fastener device 3 is used to tighten or disassemble the fastener, the second blocking surface 212 of the ring member 2 abuts the first blocking surface 122 of the nut, so that the nut 1 and the ring member 2 are positioned opposite each other. . The first wrench portion 31 is coupled to the plum lace of the outer peripheral surface of the ring member, and the first wrench portion 32 is coupled to the outer side surface of the main body portion of the nut 1, and is inserted into the outer wrench using an external wrench tool The connecting portion 33 is described to tighten or disassemble the fastener by a wrench tool.

As shown in Figures 12 and 17, in an alternative embodiment, a plurality of drive apertures 202 are provided on the first side of the ring member 2. Further, an annular guide groove 201 communicating with the drive hole 202 is formed on the ring member 2. Accordingly, the present invention also provides a wrench device 4. Wrench device 4 The utility model comprises: a cylindrical main body portion 41; a wrench portion 42 formed inside the main body portion 41 for combining with the nut and formed into a shape matching the outer side surface of the nut 1; and a plurality of driving A rod 43 extending from an end surface of the body portion, the drive rod 43 being configured to cooperate with the drive hole 202 of the ring member to cause the wrench device 4 to drive the ring member 2 and the nut 1 to rotate together. When the fastener device 4 is used to tighten or disassemble the fastener, the second blocking surface 212 of the ring member 2 is abutted against the first blocking surface 122 of the nut, so that the nut 1 and the ring member 2 are positioned opposite each other. . Inserting the driving rods 43 of the wrench device 4 into the driving holes 202 of the ring member 2 along the curved guiding grooves 201, respectively, and engaging the wrench portion 41 on the outer side surface of the main body portion of the nut, thereby aligning the device by the wrench device The fasteners are tightened or removed.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 15, the second wrench portion is formed as a hex wrench portion.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 15, the connecting portion is formed in a quadrangular shape.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the nut further includes an annular second protrusion 13 from which the second protrusion 13 is Extending inside the first joint surface, the outer diameter of the second projection 13 is smaller than the inner diameter of the ring member 2 such that the second projection 13 is received in the ring member 2.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the nut 1 and the ring 2 are configured such that they are not completely separated.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, the end of the second projection 13 forms an outwardly projecting flange 131, the flange 131 and the ring member Two side fits (such as the underside of the ring member 2 in Fig. 3) to allow the nut to rotate relative to the ring member but not to disengage from the ring member. The flange 131 has an outer diameter having a larger inner diameter such as the ring member 2 shown in FIG. Thus, the flange abuts against the bottom surface of the recess formed on the second side (the lower side in Fig. 3) of the ring member as shown in Fig. 3, so that the nut rotates relative to the ring member but cannot Disengaged from the ring member. In one embodiment, the second portion formed in the ring member 2 is disposed in the axial direction by providing the flange The height of the gap between the bottom surfaces of the side recesses is smaller than the height of the first and second blocking surfaces in the axial direction, so that the nut 1 can only be rotated relative to the ring member 2 by a predetermined angular range, thereby enabling the matching The screw is stretched by the nut 1 in the axial direction by a distance of less than 1.0 mm. Specifically, in the fastener according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the first oblique joint surface 121 of the first joint portion is configured to be mated with the first oblique joint surface 211 of the second joint portion, the first The second blocking surface 122 of a joint is configured to matingly contact the second blocking surface 212 of the second joint. Thus, when the nut 1 is rotated relative to the ring member 2 from the blocking surface, the nut 1 will gradually move away from the ring member 2, but due to the limitation of the flange 131 and the ring member 2, the nut 1 can only be rotated relative to the ring member 2 by a predetermined angular range. In one embodiment, the maximum angle of rotation of the nut relative to the ring member ranges from 30 to 70 degrees, preferably from 40 to 70 degrees.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the flange is formed by a stamping process after the second projection 13 passes from the first side of the ring member through the ring member to the second side. of.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the nut 1 and the ring member 2 can also be separate pieces, which are only temporarily used in use.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, in order to make the locking property of the tightening member more reliable, the fastener is provided with a retracting indicating device 4, and the following fasteners are still nuts with a tightening member. As an example to illustrate.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 21, the nut fastener includes a retraction indicating device 4, and the retreat indicating device 4 includes: a detecting unit 401, the detecting unit 401 is adapted to be mounted On the tightening member to detect the amount of loosening of the tightening member, and output data information about the amount of loosening of the tightening member; the control unit 402, the control unit 402 is configured to receive the output of the detecting unit 401 Data information, and processing the data information; display unit 403, the display unit 403 being configured to display information indicating the amount of loosening of the tightening member according to the processed data information.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the detection unit 401 is arranged to be embedded in the fastener.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the control unit 402 is in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. And the display unit 403 may be disposed in the terminal device, where the terminal device may be a handheld smart device or a computer. In this case, the retreat indication device 4 further includes a wireless transmission unit 404, and the wireless transmission unit 404 is adapted to The data information output by the detecting unit is transmitted to the control unit 402 located in the terminal device. Those skilled in the art can understand that the wireless transmission unit is merely an exemplary way of transmitting data information, and other transmission methods using cable or Bluetooth technology can also be used.

The detecting unit 401 may include detecting elements such as an angle sensor, a displacement sensor, and the like. According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the amount of loosening of the fastener detected is the angle of rotation of the fastener. When the nut 1 loosens the angle as shown in FIGS. 23-25, the detecting unit 401 including, for example, the angle sensor accordingly detects different values of the looseness angle as the looseness amount.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the display unit 403 displays the amount of loosening of the fastener according to control instructions and data transmitted by the control unit. For example, the fastener is shown to have a retraction angle of 40° or the like.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 402 compares the amount of loosening of the detected fastener with a predetermined limit value of the amount of loosening, and determines the loosening of the fastener according to the comparison result. It is in the normal state, critical state or alarm state, and outputs corresponding control commands and data according to different states.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 22, the control unit compares the amount of loosening of the detected fastener with a predetermined limit value of the amount of loosening, and obtains a predetermined amount of loosening amount. The limit value is subtracted from the difference in the amount of loosening of the detected fastener, and the looseness of the fastener is determined to be in a normal state, a critical state, or an alarm state according to the difference; wherein the normal state is a state when the difference is greater than a predetermined difference; the critical state is a state when the difference is less than a predetermined difference; and the alarm state is a state when the difference is equal to or less than 0. In the critical state, the fasteners can still be used normally, but care should be taken. In the alarm state, indicating that the amount of loosening of the detected fastener exceeds a predetermined limit value, corresponding processing is required.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the objects used by the fasteners are different and the working conditions are not Similarly, the predetermined limit values allowed are also different. Therefore, predetermined limit values of different fasteners may be set for different working conditions, such as for a case where the vibration is large and a case where the connection accuracy is not too high. Set a larger predetermined limit value such as the angle of retraction. For the condition that the connection fastening precision is required to be high, a smaller predetermined limit value is set, so that the fastener can more sensitively reflect the influence of the vibration on the fastener to help determine whether it needs to be tightened or Replace the fasteners. The predetermined limit value may be set in the control unit when the fastener is manufactured, or may be preset and stored in the control by the user when the fastener is installed according to the needs of the specific working condition and the performance that the fastener can achieve. In the unit.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the retreat indicating device 4 further includes a user setting unit 406 provided in the terminal device, wherein the user setting unit 406 receives a predetermined limit value of the amount of retreat input by the user, and The predetermined limit value is sent to the control unit 402, which receives and saves the predetermined limit value for the determination of the loosened state of the fastener.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the display unit 403 includes a light indicating unit, and the display unit indicates the fastener through the light indicating unit according to different control commands and data output by the control unit 402. The normal state, critical state, or alarm state of the retreat. For example, the light indicating unit may include a red light, a yellow light, and a green light. The light indicating unit can be set to a green light by default, indicating that the loosening of the fastener is in a normal state. When the control unit determines that the loosening of the fastener is in a critical state or an alarm state, a corresponding control command is output to the light indicating unit to illuminate a yellow light (corresponding to a critical state) or a red light (corresponding to an alarm state).

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the retreat indicating device 4 may further include an audible alert unit 405, and the audible alert unit 405 receives a control command from the control unit 402 and issues a corresponding alert tone. The warning that the loosening amount of the fastener is in a critical state or an alarm state. The warning tone can use a warning tone such as a manual voice or a whistle that can be conceived by those skilled in the art, as long as the critical warning tone and the alarm tone are distinguished.

According to another aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 22, there is provided a method for indicating a loosening of a fastener, comprising the steps of: detecting unit 401 detecting the amount of loosening of the fastener, and outputting the fastener The data information of the loosening amount; the control unit 402 receives the data letter output by the detecting unit 401 And analyzing the data information and outputting the control command and the data; the display unit 403 receives the control command and data transmitted from the control unit 402, thereby displaying information indicating the amount of loosening of the fastener.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the method for indicating the retreat of the fastener further includes the step of: the wireless transmission unit 404 transmitting the data information output by the detecting unit 401 to the control set in the terminal device Unit 402.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 402 compares the detected amount of loosening of the fastener with a predetermined limit value of the amount of loosening, and determines the looseness of the fastener according to the comparison result. It is in the normal state, critical state or alarm state, and outputs corresponding control commands and data according to different states.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the control unit compares the detected amount of loosening of the fastener with a predetermined limit value of the amount of loosening, and obtains a predetermined limit value of the amount of loosening minus Detecting a difference in the amount of loosening of the fastener, and determining, according to the difference, that the release of the fastener is in a normal state, a critical state, or an alarm state; wherein the normal state is that the difference is greater than a state when the difference is predetermined; the critical state is a state when the difference is smaller than a predetermined difference; and the alarm state is a state when the difference is equal to or smaller than 0.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the display unit 403 indicates the normal state, critical state or alarm of the loosening of the fastener by the light indicating unit according to different control commands and data output by the control unit 402. status.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the audible alert unit 405 receives the control command from the control unit 402 and issues a corresponding alert tone to alert the release amount of the fastener to a critical state or an alarm state.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the display unit 403 displays the amount of loosening of the fastener according to control instructions and data transmitted by the control unit 402.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the operation of the fastener of the present invention indicating the amount of retraction will be described below:

First, a fastener is installed to open the retreat indicating device, and for an embodiment of the retracting indicating device having a user setting unit, the user sets a predetermined limit value for the amount of retraction.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 22, in step S101, the detecting unit 401 detects the amount of loosening of the fastener, and outputs data information regarding the amount of loosening of the fastener; in step S102, the control unit 402 receives Data information from the detecting unit, and analyzing the data information, in step S103, the control unit compares the loosening amount of the fastener with a predetermined limit value of the loosening amount, and obtains a predetermined limit value of the loosening amount minus The difference of the detected fasteners is determined, and according to the difference, it is judged that the loosening of the fastener is in a normal state, a critical state or an alarm state, and corresponding control commands and data are output according to different states. When the difference is greater than the predetermined difference, it indicates that the looseness of the fastener is far from the predetermined limit value, and is determined to be a normal state. At this time, the process proceeds to step S104, and a control command is issued to the display unit to set the light display unit of the display unit. a state in which the green light is on; when the difference is small, and the predetermined difference indicates that the looseness of the fastener is within a certain range of the predetermined limit value, it is a critical state. At this time, the process proceeds to step S105, and the control unit 402 issues a control. Command and data to the display unit and/or the audible alert unit, the yellow light is on or a warning sound is issued in a critical state, or the yellow light is illuminated simultaneously with the warning sound of the critical state to alert the monitor of the terminal device or the mechanism of the fastener Operator. When the difference ≤ 0, it means that the looseness of the fastener has been equal to or greater than the predetermined limit value, the looseness of the fastener exceeds the allowable limit value, and corresponding processing needs to be performed. At this time, the process proceeds to step S106, and the control unit 402 issues Controlling the command and data to the display unit and/or the audible alarm unit, so that the red light is on or the warning sound of the alarm state is issued, or the red light is on simultaneously with the warning sound of the alarm state to alert the monitor of the terminal device or The operator of the machine where the firmware is located. According to an exemplary embodiment, the value of the amount of loosening of the detected fastener is displayed on the display screen of the display unit during the loosening indication.

According to the above various embodiments of the present invention, the fastener indicating the amount of loosening and the method for indicating the loosening of the fastener, which detects the looseness of the fastener in real time by providing a detecting unit on the fastener And the display unit displays the amount of looseness and alerts the user by sounding a warning sound. The device and the method can display the loosening amount of the fastener in real time, which is more intuitive, and can promptly remind the excessive retracting amount in the critical state or the alarm state, and plays a good safety precaution. use.

In the following, taking the tightening member as a nut as an example, the operation of the fastener having the retracting indicating device will be described with reference to FIGS. 1-18:

As shown in FIG. 18, when the nut fastener of the embodiment of the present invention is applied to an engineering vehicle for fastening a fastener such as the hub 5, the nut 1 and the ring member 2 are aligned, that is, the first joint portion is The second blocking surface 212 cooperates with the second blocking surface 122 of the second joint to prevent rotation of the nut relative to the ring in the same direction as the tightening direction of the internal thread of the nut. The nut fastener 1 is integrally screwed to the member to be fastened by using the wrench device 3 in the same direction as the screwing direction of the internal thread of the nut, and the pre-tightening force is applied to clamp and fasten the member to be fastened.

The retracting indicating device 4 is turned on, and for an embodiment of the retracting indicating device having the user setting unit, the user sets a predetermined limit value of the retracting amount.

The loosening of the nut 1 occurs as the usage time elapses. Since the friction between the ring member 2 and the member to be fastened is greater than the friction between the nut and the ring member, the ring member 2 remains stationary relative to the screw member when the nut 1 is initially moved relative to the ring member 2. The preliminary movement is performed along the first oblique joint surface 121 of the first joint portion of the mating contact and the first oblique joint surface 211 of the second joint portion. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, since the first oblique joint surface 121 and the first oblique joint surface 211 are formed as spiral surfaces, the spiral elevation angle of the spiral surface is larger than the thread elevation angle of the internal thread. Then, when the nut is loosened, in the case of loosening and rotating a certain angle, since the first protruding portion of the nut and the main body portion move along the spiral angle direction along the first oblique joint faces 121 and 211, the hill outside the nut is climbed. The height is greater than the height at which the inner thread of the nut exits from the external thread of the mating screw 100, thereby forming a stretch for the mating screw. Therefore, a greater locking force is formed at the mating connection of the internal thread and the external thread, which inhibits further retraction of the nut 1. And the mating screw produces an opposite pulling force on the nut 1 against the ring member 2 such that the nut 1 abuts against the ring member 2, the ring member 2 is further pressed against the fastener, so that the ring member 2 is fastened The friction between the components is greater, inhibiting the movement of the nut fasteners. Thus, the more the nut is loosened, the greater the tension on the screw due to the difference in the angle of the helix and the angle of the thread, so that the greater the locking force, the more difficult the nut is to loosen.

In this process, the detecting unit 401 detects the amount of loosening of the fastener and outputs data information about the amount of loosening of the fastener; the control unit 402 receives the data information from the detecting unit, and analyzes the data information. And the control unit compares the loosening amount of the fastener with a predetermined limit value of the loosening amount, obtains a predetermined limit value of the loosening amount minus a difference of the detected fastener, and determines the said difference according to the difference The loosening of the fastener is in a normal state, a critical state, or an alarm state. And controlling the display unit and the sound warning unit according to the determined state to alert the monitor of the terminal device or the operator of the machine where the fastener is located. When the vibration or load is too large and the angle at which the nut is loosened reaches the alarm state, the bolt is stretched beyond the allowable safety limit and needs to be treated accordingly.

By installing the retracting indicating device on the nut fastener of the structure, since the structure of the nut fastener itself can suppress the loosening, the anti-looseness of the fastener is further ensured, and a more stable Security performance.

19 is an exploded perspective view showing a fastener according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing a working principle when the fastener is fastened by the fastener shown in FIG. . The fastener 20 shown in Figures 19 and 20 differs from the fastener 10 shown in Figures 1-7 in that in the fastener 20 shown in Figures 19 and 20, the tightening member is integral with the screw 201. A bolt head 200 that is coupled and rotated with the screw 201.

Referring to Figures 19 and 20, the fastener 20 includes a bolt and a ring member 2 that includes a bolt head 200 that is integrally coupled and rotated together and a screw 201 having a threaded portion 2011. A first joint surface is formed on the first end surface (the lower surface in Fig. 19) of the bolt head. The ring member 2 is disposed coaxially with the bolt head, and the screw 201 passes through the through hole of the ring member. The first side of the ring member (upper side in FIG. 19) is formed with a first recessed portion 21, the bottom of the first recessed portion forming a second joint surface; wherein the first joint surface is accommodated In the first recessed portion 21, the first joint surface is combined with the second joint surface such that further loosening of the bolt head 200 is hindered when the bolt head 200 is retracted.

The structure and combination of the first joint surface of the bolt head and the second joint surface of the first recess 21 of the ring member, and the structure of the ring member, the structure of the wrench tool and the tightening shown in FIGS. 1-18 The structure and the combination of the firmware are the same, and will not be described here.

As shown in FIG. 20, when the fastener 203 is attached to the fixing frame 202 having the bolt hole by the fastener 20 shown in FIG. 19, the ring member 2 is first placed on the screw 202, and the bolt head is A portion is mounted into the first recess 21 of the ring member 2 such that the first joint surface is combined with the second joint surface; thereafter, the screw 201 is passed through the fastener 203 and aligned with the threaded hole in the fixed frame 202; The wrench device 3 is integrally fitted over the bolt head 200 and the ring member 2 of the fastener, and the wrench device 3 is rotated to apply a preload force to be fastened to the fixed frame 202 by the fastener 204.

Similarly, by installing the retracting indicating device on the bolt fastener of the structure, since the structure of the bolt fastener itself can suppress the loosening, the anti-looseness of the fastener is further ensured. More stable safety performance.

According to the above-mentioned various embodiments of the present invention, by the cooperation of the tightening member and the ring member, the tightening of the tightening member is more tight, and the tightening force of the thread is tighter, so that the tightening member cannot be loosened, thereby suppressing The tightening member further retracts. This makes it possible to achieve safe and stable connection fastening even under severe operating conditions. Further, by accommodating the first projection of the tightening member in the first recess of the ring member, a more stable positioning of the tightening member is achieved, and the joint surface of the tightening member and the ring member is hidden in the ring member Within the range, the possibility of foreign matter entering the joint surface under adverse working conditions and affecting the performance of the fastener is reduced, so that the fastener is more stable and reliable. Moreover, since the fastener has a retracting indicating device, the loosening amount of the fastener can be displayed in real time, which is more intuitive, and has an alarm indicating function of light and sound, and can promptly remind the critical state or the dangerous state. The excessive looseness of the looseness plays a very good role in security. .

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described above are exemplary and can be modified by those skilled in the art, and the structures described in the various embodiments do not conflict in structure or principle. In the case of free combination.

Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. It is limited to the embodiments of the exemplary embodiments set forth in the specification.

Claims (30)

1. A fastener comprising:

   a tightening member configured to be coupled with the mating screw to fasten the fastener, the first joint surface of the tightening member forming a first joint surface;

   a ring member, the ring member is disposed coaxially with the tightening member, the first side of the ring member is formed with a first recessed portion, and a bottom portion of the first recessed portion forms a second joint surface;

   Wherein the first joint surface is received in the first recessed portion, and the first joint surface is combined with the second joint surface to hinder further retraction of the tightening member when the tightening member is retracted.
2. The fastener of claim 1 wherein said tightening member comprises:

   Main body;

   a first protruding portion extending from one end of the main body portion, and the first bonding surface is formed on an end surface of the first protruding portion.
3. The fastener according to claim 2, wherein the first joint surface is provided with at least one first joint portion, and the second joint surface is provided with at least one second joint portion that cooperates with the first joint portion The first joint portion includes a first oblique joint surface and a second blocking surface extending in a circumferential direction, and the second joint portion includes a first oblique joint surface and a second blocking surface extending in a circumferential direction, wherein The first oblique joint surface of the first joint portion is configured to be mated with the first oblique joint surface of the second joint portion, and the second blocking surface of the first joint portion is configured to be the same as the second joint portion The two blocking surfaces are mated to each other to achieve a combination of the tightening member and the ring member.
4. The fastener according to claim 3, wherein the first oblique joint surface of the first joint portion and the first oblique joint surface of the second joint portion each form a spiral surface having the same angle of inclination to cooperate with each other. The helix angle of the helicoid is greater than the helix angle of the external thread of the mating screw, and the helix of the helix on the second joint of the ring is in a direction opposite to the screwing direction of the outer thread.
5. A fastener according to claim 3 or 4, wherein both the first joint and the mating second joint are two.
6. The fastener according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the second blocking surface of the first joint portion and the second blocking surface of the second joint portion are at the same angle to the horizontal plane and are both obtuse or right angles.
7. The fastener according to claim 1, wherein a second side of the ring member opposite to the first side is formed with a ratchet, the ratchet being configured such that the ring member and the member to be fastened The frictional force is greater than the friction between the tightening member and the ring member such that the ring member remains stationary relative to the fastened member when the tightening member is loose relative to the screw.
8. The fastener according to claim 7, wherein the ratchet teeth are configured to be radially arranged on a surface of the ring member on a side close to the member to be fastened.
9. The fastener according to claim 1, wherein the tightening member has a regular quadrangular prism shape, a regular hexagonal prism shape or a quincunx outer surface, and an outer peripheral surface of the annular member is formed with a plum lace for driving the wrench device The tightening member rotates together with the ring member.
10. The fastener according to claim 9, wherein the number of sides of the plum lace of the ring member is more than three times the number of sides of the tightening member having a prism shape.
11. A fastener according to claim 9 or 10, wherein:

    The wrench device includes:

    a cylindrical body portion;

    a first wrench portion disposed inside the main body portion and configured to cooperate with the plum lace of the ring member;

    A second wrench portion is disposed inside the main body portion and configured to cooperate with an outer side surface of the tightening member.
12. A fastener according to any of claims 1-6, wherein a plurality of drive holes are provided on a first side of the ring.
13. The fastener according to claim 12, wherein an arcuate guide groove communicating with the drive hole is formed in the ring member.
14. A fastener according to any of claims 2-13, wherein the tightening member is a nut that is threadedly engaged with the mating screw.
15. The fastener of claim 14 wherein the nut and the ring are configured such that they are not completely separated.
16. The fastener according to claim 15, wherein the tightening member further includes an annular second projection from the first projection at the first joint surface The inside extends to be received in the ring.
17. The fastener of claim 16 wherein the end of the second projection forms an outwardly projecting flange that cooperates with the second side of the ring to allow the The nut rotates relative to the ring member and prevents the nut from disengaging from the ring member.
18. The fastener of claim 17 wherein said flange is formed by a stamping process after said second projection passes from said first side of said ring member through said ring member to said second side of.
19. The fastener of claim 14 wherein said nut and said ring member are separate pieces.
20. A fastener according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the tightening member is a bolt head that is integrally coupled with the mating screw and rotates together.
21. A fastener according to any one of claims 1 to 20, further comprising:

    Retracting the indicating device, the retreating indicating device includes:

    a detecting unit, the detecting unit is adapted to be mounted on the tightening member to detect a loosening amount of the tightening member, and output data information about a loosening amount of the tightening member;

    a control unit configured to receive data information output by the detecting unit and process the data information;

    a display unit configured to display information indicating a loosening amount of the tightening member according to the processed data information.
22. A fastener for indicating the amount of retraction according to claim 21, wherein:

    The control unit and the display unit are disposed in a terminal device,

    The retreat indicating device further includes:

    a wireless transmission unit, wherein the wireless transmission unit is adapted to transmit data information output by the detection unit Entered to the control unit.
23. A fastener for indicating the amount of retraction according to claim 22, wherein:

    The terminal device is a handheld smart device or a computer.
24. The fastener according to claim 21, wherein the detected amount of the tightening member is a rotation angle of the tightening member.
25. The fastener for indicating the amount of loosening according to claim 21, wherein the control unit compares the amount of loosening of the detected tightening member with a predetermined limit value of the amount of loosening, and determines the tightening according to the comparison result. The loosening of the piece is in a normal state, a critical state or an alarm state, and corresponding control commands and data are output according to different states.
26. The fastener for indicating the amount of loosening according to claim 25, wherein said control unit determines the fastener according to a difference between the detected amount of loosening of the tightening member and a predetermined limit value of the amount of loosening The retreat is in a normal state, a critical state, or an alarm state.

    Wherein the normal state is a state when the difference is greater than a predetermined difference;

    The critical state is a state when the difference is less than a predetermined difference;

    The alarm state is a state when the difference is equal to or smaller than zero.
27. The fastener for indicating the amount of loosening according to claim 25, wherein said retreat indicating means further comprises a user setting unit provided in the terminal device, wherein said user setting unit receives the amount of retraction input by the user A limit value is predetermined and sent to the control unit.
28. The fastener indicating the amount of retraction according to claim 25, wherein: said display unit comprises a light indicating unit configured to indicate a normal state, a critical state or an alarm state of the retracting of the tightening member.
29. The fastener for indicating a release amount according to claim 21, wherein said display unit displays the amount of loosening of said tightening member based on said processed data information.
30. The fastener for indicating the amount of retraction according to claim 25, wherein the retracting indicating device further comprises:

    The audible warning unit is configured to emit a corresponding warning sound to warn of the loosening of the tightening member In the critical state or alarm state.

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