CN206555258U - Fastener - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of fastener is provided, including：Tightening piece, is configured to, with coordinating screw rod to be combined to fasten by fastener, two the first junction surfaces are provided with the first end surfaces of the tightening piece；And annular element, the annular element is coaxially disposed with the tightening piece, and two the second junction surfaces are set on the first side surface of the annular element；Wherein, first junction surface is engaged with the second junction surface so that hinder the further pine of the tightening piece to move back when tightening piece pine moves back.Fastener of the present utility model is using two junction surfaces with helicoid, and the further pine for realizing the suppression tightening piece when tightening piece pine moves back moves back, and has longer composition surface between tightening piece and annular element, with higher locking stability.And using the fastener with flange and the structure of instruction device, realize the further control moved back to pine.

Description

Fastener

Technical field

The utility model is related to a kind of realize and suppresses the fastener that the further pine of tightening piece moves back, more particularly to a kind of in suppression The fastener of the pine amount of moving back of tightening piece is indicated while the further pine of tightening piece processed moves back.

Background technology

Fastener is applied in all trades and professions of connection fastening demand, such as in vehicle, building machinery, agricultural machine All it is widely used in tool, manufacture machinery etc..For in large-scale engineering machinery or engineering truck, due to working environment it is severe with And the effect of heavy load so that fastener thereon by the vibration of all directions and impacting for load, this cause fastener compared with Easily release, so as to cause the reduction of fastener function or even fail.Cause very big potential safety hazard.

Fastener locking method conventional at present generally comprises the locking of non-removable locking scheme and increasing friction force Scheme.Non-removable locking scheme is changed into detachable threaded connection not using welding, bonding or rushing the modes such as point riveting Detachable threaded connection.In non-removable locking scheme, fastener can not be reused, and troublesome poeration, be usually used in some It is required that anti-loosening property is high and is not required to the important events of dismounting.The locking scheme of increasing friction force is using increasing between screw thread or bolt The frictional force of (screw) head and nut end face or the simultaneously method of both frictional force of increase reach locking purpose.Increase rubs The locking scheme for wiping power is not limited by space, can be dismantled repeatedly, but reliability is poor, after work certain time, meeting Because of the reasons such as vibration reduction anti-loosing effect.

Utility model content

The technical problem that the utility model is solved is to provide a kind of fastener, and it, which uses two, has connecing for helicoid Conjunction portion, the further pine for realizing the suppression tightening piece when tightening piece pine moves back moves back, and has between tightening piece and annular element Longer composition surface, with higher locking stability.

According to the embodiment of the utility model one side there is provided a kind of fastener, including：

Tightening piece, is configured to coordinating screw rod to be combined to fasten by fastener, on the first end surfaces of the tightening piece It is provided with two the first junction surfaces；And

Annular element, the annular element is coaxially disposed with the tightening piece, and two are set on the first side surface of the annular element Individual second junction surface；

Wherein, first junction surface is engaged with the second junction surface so that tightened described in being hindered when tightening piece pine moves back The further pine of part moves back.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, first junction surface is included in circumferencial direction First oblique faying face of upper extension and the second blocking surface, second junction surface include the first oblique knot extended in a circumferential direction Conjunction face and the second blocking surface, wherein the first oblique faying face at first junction surface be configured to it is the first of the second junction surface oblique Faying face is engaged contact, and second blocking surface at first junction surface is configured to the second blocking surface phase with the second junction surface Coordinate contact, to realize the engagement of tightening piece and the annular element.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, the first oblique faying face at first junction surface The helicoid with identical lift angle is respectively formed to cooperate with the first oblique faying face at the second junction surface, the spiral shell of the helicoid Revolve the spiralling of the helicoid that lift angle is more than on the cooperation screw flight lift angle, the second junction surface of the annular element Direction and screwing for the cooperation screw rod are in opposite direction.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, second blocking surface at first junction surface and Second blocking surface at the second junction surface is identical with the angle of horizontal plane, and is obtuse angle or right angle.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, the annular element includes：First cylindrical portion, institute State the first cylindrical portion and be formed as prism shape, the prism shape is identical with the prism shape of the tightening piece, so as to Wrench The tightening piece and the annular element are screwed into or back-outed on the screw rod being engaged simultaneously.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, the first side of the annular element is formed with second Second junction surface is set on recess, the bottom surface of second recess；

Wherein, the first end surfaces of the tightening piece are accommodated in second recess, first junction surface with Second junction surface is combined.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, the annular element it is relative with first side The second side be formed with ratchet, the ratchet is constructed such that annular element and is more than tightening piece by the frictional force between tightening member Frictional force between annular element, make it that annular element is relative to by tightening member and spiral shell when tightening piece is relative to screw bolt loosening Bar is remained stationary as.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, the ratchet is configured to the of annular element It is arranged radially on the surface of two sides.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, the tightening piece is nut, the nut and institute Cooperation screw flight is stated to coordinate.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, the nut includes：

Main part, the first end surfaces formation is on the main part；And

First protuberance, first protuberance extends from one end of the main part, and first protuberance is contained in In the annular element.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, the nut further comprises the second protuberance, Second protuberance extends from first protuberance, and the end of second protuberance forms outstanding flange；

The annular element includes recess, and the recess is from second side relative with the first side of the annular element along ring Shape part it is recessed axially inwards, the flange is engaged with the bottom surface of the recess of the annular element so that the nut is relative Rotate but can not depart from from the annular element in the annular element.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, the flange be second protuberance from What the first side of the annular element was formed after reaching the second side through the annular element by Sheet Metal Forming Technology.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, the nut is split part with the annular element.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, the tightening piece is bolt head, the bolt head With it is described cooperation screw rod integrally connected and together with rotate.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, further comprise：

Pine moves back instruction device, and the pine, which moves back instruction device, to be included：

Detection unit, the detection unit is adapted to mount to detect the pine amount of moving back of the tightening piece in the tightening piece, And export the data message of the pine amount of moving back on tightening piece；

Control unit, described control unit is configured to receive the data message of the detection unit output, and handles institute State data message；

Display unit, the display unit is configured to tighten according to being indicated processed data message display The information of the pine amount of moving back of part.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein：

Described control unit and the display unit are arranged in terminal device,

The pine moves back instruction device and further comprised：

Wireless transmission unit, the wireless transmission unit is suitable to the data information transfer that exports the detection unit to institute State control unit.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein：The terminal device be hand-held intelligent equipment or Computer.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein the pine amount of moving back of the tightening piece detected is institute State rotational angle of the tightening piece relative to the annular element.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, described control unit is by the tightening piece of detection The pine amount of moving back judges that the pine of the tightening piece is moved back in normal shape compared with the predetermined limit value of the loose amount of moving back according to comparative result State, critical condition or alarm condition, and according to the different corresponding control instructions of state output and data.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, described control unit is according to tightening for detecting The pine amount of moving back of part and the difference of the predetermined limit value of the loose amount of moving back determine that the pine of the tightening piece is moved back in normal condition, critical condition Or alarm condition, wherein, the normal condition is the state when difference is more than predetermined difference value；The critical condition is described Difference is less than state during predetermined difference value；The alarm condition is the state when difference is equal to or less than 0.

According to the fastener of the various embodiments described above of the present utility model, it is real using two junction surfaces with helicoid The further pine for having showed the suppression tightening piece when tightening piece pine moves back moves back, and is connect between tightening piece and annular element with longer Conjunction face, with higher locking stability.

Brief description of the drawings

The utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings to be further described, wherein：

Fig. 1 is shown according to a kind of decomposing schematic representation of the fastener of exemplary embodiment of the present utility model；

Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view for showing fastener shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 is the partial schematic sectional view for showing the fastener shown in Fig. 2；

Fig. 4 is the schematic perspective view for the nut for showing the fastener shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view for the annular element for showing the fastener shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 6 is another schematic perspective view for the annular element for showing the fastener shown in Fig. 5；

Fig. 7 is the geometrical principle figure of the lead angle for the second oblique faying face for showing the annular element shown in Fig. 5；

Fig. 8 be show it is several with the externally threaded lead angle of the screw rod of the tightening piece of embodiment of the present utility model cooperation What schematic diagram；

Fig. 9 shows the principle that instruction device is moved back according to the pine of the fastener of an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model Block diagram；

Figure 10 shows the stream for being moved back according to the pine of the fastener of an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and indicating operation Cheng Tu；

Figure 11 shows that the pine of the nut in the fastener according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model moves back state For the schematic perspective view of normal condition；

Figure 12 shows that the pine of the nut in the fastener according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model moves back state For the schematic perspective view of critical condition；

Figure 13 shows that the pine of the nut in the fastener according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model moves back state For the schematic perspective view of alarm condition；

Figure 14 is the decomposing schematic representation for showing the fastener according to another exemplary embodiment of the present utility model；

Figure 15 is the partial schematic sectional view of the fastener shown in Figure 14；And

Figure 16 is the decomposing schematic representation for showing the fastener according to another exemplary embodiment of the present utility model.

Embodiment

Although the utility model will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawing containing preferred embodiment of the present utility model, retouch herein It should be appreciated that one of ordinary skill in the art can change utility model described herein before stating, while it is new to obtain this practicality The technique effect of type.Thus, it should be understood that the description of the above is an extensive announcement for one of ordinary skill in the art, and Its content does not lie in the exemplary embodiment described by limitation the utility model.

Conceived according to utility model generally of the present utility model there is provided a kind of fastener, including：Tightening piece, quilt It is configured to, with coordinating screw rod to be combined to fasten by fastener, two first engagements are provided with the first end surfaces of the tightening piece Portion；And annular element, the annular element is coaxially disposed with the tightening piece, and two are set on the first side surface of the annular element Second junction surface；Wherein, first junction surface is engaged with the second junction surface so that described twist is hindered when tightening piece pine moves back The further pine of tight part moves back.

According to an exemplary embodiment, fastener of the present utility model can be applied in Work machine, be used for example as The connector of creeper tread, chassis member in engineering truck.Due to the severe applying working condition of Work machine, have in use The generation for having larger vibration and larger load, especially transverse load make it that the tightening piece in fastener can be with using The passage of time and loosen.

It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that annular element can cause by using various measures its with by tightening member shape Into larger frictional force, and annular element and the friction between tightening piece and annular element is more than by the frictional force between tightening member Power.So, under certain external force effect, when tightening piece is relative to screw bolt loosening, annular element is remained stationary as.

According to a kind of embodiment of the present utility model, the tightening piece has four-prism shape, positive six prismsby shape or plum Flower-shape outer surface.As shown in figures 1 to 6, the tightening piece is nut 1, and the nut coordinates with screw rod 100 (Fig. 8) screw thread. Nut 1 can be tetragonal nut, hex nut or horned nut.As shown in figure 16, the tightening piece is bolt head 200, institute State bolt head 200 and the integrally connected of screw rod 201 and together with rotate.So, bolt head 200 and screw rod 201 constitute a spiral shell Bolt.Bolt head 200 can be corner bolt head, hexagonal bolt head or plum blossom bolt head.

Referring to Fig. 1-8, the fastener of the utility model embodiment is described so that tightening piece is nut as an example.

According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Figure 4,5, first junction surface is included in circumference The first oblique blocking surface 122 of faying face 121 and second that side is upwardly extended, second junction surface includes prolonging in a circumferential direction The the first oblique blocking surface 212 of faying face 211 and second stretched, wherein the first oblique faying face 121 at first junction surface is constructed Contacted into being engaged with the first of the second junction surface the oblique faying face 211, second blocking surface 122 at first junction surface is constructed It is engaged and contacts into the second blocking surface 212 with the second junction surface, realizes the engagement of nut and the annular element.

Fig. 7 shows the geometrical principle figure of the lead angle of the first oblique faying face of annular element 2.Fig. 8 is to show and this practicality The geometrical principle figure of the externally threaded lead angle for the screw rod that the nut of new embodiment coordinates.The first of first junction surface is oblique The first oblique faying face 211 at the junction surface of faying face 121 and second is respectively formed the helicoid with identical lift angle to cooperate. In Fig. 7, the developed dimension relation schematic diagram for helicoid that Fig. 7 left part is shown.φ is the first oblique He of faying face 121 211 lead angle.Ph is the climbing height of helicoid, and D is the central diameter of helicoid.In fig. 8, α be with it is of the present utility model The externally threaded lead angle for the screw rod 100 that the nut of embodiment coordinates, d is the big footpath of screw flight, and d1 is screw flight Path, d2 is screw flight central diameter.Because nut 1 and screw rod coordinate, the lead angle of the internal thread of nut 1 is also α.

According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 2,5, the first of first junction surface tiltedly ties The first oblique faying face 211 at the junction surface of conjunction face 121 and second is respectively formed the helicoid with identical lift angle to cooperate.Spiral It is more than the spiral shell of the helicoid on the lead angle α of the internal thread, the second junction surface of the annular element in the lead angle in face Screw on the direction risen and screwing for the internal thread is in opposite direction.So, it is static relative to screw rod 100 in annular element 2, and nut In the case that 1 relative to the rotation predetermined angular of screw rod 100, the outside of nut 1 relative to annular element 2 axis direction (in Fig. 3 to On direction) on climb altitude be more than nut on the inside of relative to screw flight in axis direction (upwardly direction in Fig. 3) On pine move back height, because screw rod is static relative to annular element so that nut 1 is stretched for the screw rod being engaged, I.e. nut further compresses annular element so that annular element is further compressed by fastener.Therefore, annular element has lock washer Effect.

Those skilled in the art it is also understood that corresponding to different lead angles, the internal thread of screw connector Lead angle will also be adjusted accordingly.

The first junction surface described in the utility model and the second junction surface being engaged are two.First junction surface and Second junction surface is distributed along the circumferencial direction of the faying face of place first and the second faying face respectively.For multiple junction surfaces such as six The situation at individual junction surface, because the helicoid for each junction surface is shorter, therefore, during nut loosening rotatable angle compared with It is small, when rotational angle exceedes such as 60 °, the first of corresponding second junction surface of the first oblique faying face slave phase at the first junction surface Depart from oblique faying face and combined with the first oblique faying face for loosening next second junction surface on direction, now nut is relative Fall in the climb altitude of annular element, the climb altitude on the outside of nut is no larger than on the inside of nut relative to screw flight in axle Pine on line direction (upwardly direction in Fig. 3) moves back height, therefore fastener no longer has what the further pine of obstruction nut moved back Effect.And for the embodiment at two junction surfaces, because the helicoid for each junction surface is longer, thus it is maximum allowable Nut loosening angle it is larger, therefore can ensure to can be provided with the stroke of larger nut loosening to hinder nut to enter one The function that step pine moves back.And the structure at two junction surfaces is for multiple junction surfaces, it is possible to decrease processed complex degree and phase The processing cost answered.

According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein, combined in order that proper nut is installed with annular element When, second blocking surface 122,212 abuts against to realize being mutually located for nut and annular element, and prevent nut with it is interior The folder for screwing rotation of the direction identical direction relative to annular element, second blocking surface 122,212 and horizontal plane of screw thread Angle is identical, and is disposed as obtuse angle or right angle.As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the angle of second blocking surface 122,212 and horizontal plane For right angle or parallel to axis.

According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 6, the annular element is close by tightening member Side surface on be formed with ratchet 23, the ratchet 23 is constructed such that annular element 2 and by the friction between tightening member Power is more than the frictional force between nut and annular element 2, make it that annular element 2 is relative to quilt when nut 1 is relative to screw bolt loosening Tightening member is remained stationary as.

According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, the ratchet 23 is configured to as shown in Figure 6 in annular element It is arranged radially on the surface by the side of tightening member.The number of the radial ratchet is more than the first junction surface and phase The quantity at the second junction surface coordinated, the ratchet of compact arranged radial setting causes annular element 2 and by between tightening member Larger frictional force is produced, the frictional force is more than the frictional force between nut 1 and annular element 2 so that annular in nut loosening Part 2 is remained stationary as relative to by tightening member.

According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in figure 3, the nut 1 include main part 11 and First protuberance 12, the first end surfaces formation is on the main part, and then first junction surface is formed in the master In body portion 11.First protuberance 12 extends and is contained in the annular element 2 from one end of the main part.

According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 1,3,6, the annular element includes having first Second cylindrical portion of the first cylindrical portion 21 of internal diameter and the second big internal diameter of the first internal diameter with than first cylindrical portion 22.First cylindrical portion 21 of annular element 2 has the identical exterior contour of main part 11 with nut 1, and the second of annular element 2 Joint portion is formed on the end surface of the first cylindrical portion 21.So, when nut 1 and annular element 2 are combined, formed in nut The first joint portion and the second joint portion of annular element 2 on first end surfaces of main part combine togather, and allow One Wrench (not shown) is enclosed in the first cylindrical portion of the main part of nut and annular element simultaneously, and drives spiral shell simultaneously Female and annular element is rotated.

According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 3,6, the annular element includes recess, institute Recess is stated from second side (downside in Fig. 3) relative with the first side of the annular element along the recessed axially inwards of annular element Enter, the recess has bottom surface 211.

The nut further comprises the second protuberance 13, and second protuberance 13 prolongs from first protuberance 12 Stretch, the end of second protuberance forms outstanding flange, and the flange has more larger than the internal diameter of the first cylindrical portion External diameter.So, flange is resisted against on bottom surface 211 so that the nut rotates relative to the annular element but can not be from described Annular element departs from.In one embodiment, by setting the height in space of the flange in the axial direction between bottom surface 211 small In the height in the axial direction of the first and second blocking surfaces, nut 1 can be made to rotate predetermined angle relative to annular element 2 Scope is spent, so that the distance that bolt is stretched in the axial direction is less than 1.0mm.

According to a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, the flange is from described in second protuberance 13 What the first side of annular element was formed after reaching the second side through the annular element by Sheet Metal Forming Technology.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the nut 1 and the annular element 2 or split part, only when in use Ability temporary fit is used.

According to another exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 14,15, fastener includes：Nut 1 ', the nut it is interior Screw thread is provided with two the first junction surfaces with coordinating the external screw thread on screw rod to be combined on the first end surfaces of the nut；And Annular element 2 ', the annular element 2 ' is coaxially disposed with the nut 1 ', and two are set on the first side surface of the annular element 2 ' Second junction surface, wherein, first junction surface is engaged with the second junction surface so that the nut is hindered when nut pine moves back Further pine move back.

Further, the first side of the annular element 2 ' is formed with the recessed of the bigger internal diameter of internal diameter of the endoporus than annular element Enter and second junction surface is set on portion 22 ', the bottom surface of the recess 22 '；First end surfaces of the nut are accommodated in In second recess, first junction surface is combined with second junction surface.

According to a kind of exemplary embodiment, nut 1 ' includes main part 11 ' and the first protuberance 12 '.The nut The first junction surface formed on the end face of first protuberance 12 ' (as shown in figure 14), the end face of first protuberance 12 ' It is accommodated in the recess 22 ' so that the first junction surface is combined with the second junction surface.However, those skilled in the art It is appreciated that the first protuberance can also be not provided with, and the first junction surface is formed on the end face of the main part of nut, the master The end face in body portion is contained in recess 22 '.

According to the nut fastener of the embodiment with recess 22 ', by the way that the end face where the first junction surface is accommodated In the recess, the faying face of nut 1 ' and annular element 2 ' is hidden within annular element 2 ', reduced in severe work Foreign matter enters between faying face to influence the possibility of fastener performance under condition so that nut fastener is more stable reliable.

Figure 16 is the decomposing schematic representation for showing the fastener according to another exemplary embodiment of the present utility model；Figure 16 The difference of shown fastener 20 and the fastener shown in Fig. 1-6 is, in the fastener 20 shown in Figure 16, tightening piece For the bolt head 200 rotated with the integrally connected of screw rod 201 and together with screw rod 201.

Referring to Figure 16, fastener 20 includes bolt and annular element 2, and bolt includes integrally connected and the bolt head rotated together 200 and the screw rod 201 with threaded portion 2011.Two are provided with the first end surfaces (lower surface in Figure 16) of bolt head One junction surface.Annular element 2 is coaxially disposed with bolt head, and the first side (upside in Figure 16) of the annular element is provided with two Individual second junction surface, first junction surface is engaged with the second junction surface so that hinder described when the pine of bolt head 200 moves back The further pine of bolt head 200 moves back.

The structure and combination at second junction surface at the first junction surface and annular element for bolt head and institute in Fig. 1-6 The structure of the nut shown is identical with combination, will not be repeated here.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 1,9-13, in order that obtaining the locking of tightening piece More reliable performance, pine is provided with fastener and moves back instruction device 4, below still so that tightening piece is the fastener of nut as an example for It is bright.

The pine, which moves back instruction device, to be included：Detection unit 401, the detection unit 401 is adapted to mount on the nut To detect the pine amount of moving back of the nut, and export the data message of the pine amount of moving back on nut；Control unit 402, the control Unit 402 is configured to receive the data message that the detection unit 401 is exported, and analyzes the data message, and output control Instruction and data；Display unit 403, the display unit 403 receive from described control unit 402 send control instruction and Data, so as to show the information for the pine amount of moving back for indicating the nut.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 1,16, the detection unit 401 is set To be embedded in the fastener.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in figure 9, described control unit 402 and the display unit 403 can be arranged in terminal device, the terminal device can be hand-held intelligent equipment or computer, Now, pine moves back instruction device 4 and further comprises wireless transmission unit 404, and the wireless transmission unit 404 is suitable to the detection The data information transfer of unit output is to the described control unit 402 in the terminal device.Those skilled in the art can To understand, wireless transmission unit be only by a kind of exemplary mode of data information transfer, others using cables or The transmission means of Bluetooth technology etc. can also be used.

The detection unit 401 may include the detecting element such as angular transducer, displacement transducer.It is new according to this practicality One exemplary embodiment of type, wherein the pine amount of moving back of the nut detected is the rotational angle of the nut.Work as spiral shell When mother 1 loosens angle as figs 11-13, such as the detection unit 401 including angular transducer correspondingly detects conduct The different value of the loosening angle of shake allowance.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, the display unit 403 is sent out according to described control unit The control instruction and data sent and the pine amount of moving back for showing the nut.Angle is moved back for 40 ° such as the pine of display fastener.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, described control unit 402 moves back the pine of the nut of detection Amount judges that the pine of the nut moves back in normal condition, faced compared with the predetermined limit value of the pine amount of moving back according to comparative result Boundary's state or alarm condition, and according to the different corresponding control instructions of state output and data.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, described control unit is by the pine amount of moving back of the nut detected Compared with the predetermined limit value of the loose amount of moving back, show that the predetermined limit value of the loose amount of moving back subtracts the difference of the pine amount of moving back of the tight nut of detection Value, and judge that the pine of the nut is moved back in normal condition, critical condition or alarm condition according to the difference；Wherein, it is described Normal condition is the state when difference is more than predetermined difference value；The critical condition be the difference be less than predetermined difference value when State；The alarm condition is the state when difference is equal to or less than 0.In the critical condition, nut still can be normal Use, but need to give and note.In alarm condition, the pine amount of moving back of nut that detects is represented beyond predetermined limiting value, then Need to make corresponding processing.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that object difference used in fastener and the operating mode faced are different, then The predetermined limit value allowed is also different, therefore, and different predetermined limit values can be set for different operating modes, such as vibration Larger operating mode and connection precision less high situation is required, settable larger such as pine moves back the predetermined limit value of angle. And for the higher operating mode of connection fastening required precision, then less predetermined limit value is set so that the fastener can be cleverer Reflect influence of the vibration for fastener quickly, to aid in determining whether whether to need to tighten or change fastener.The predetermined pole Limit value can manufacture fastener when setting in a control unit, also can by user install fastener when according to specific operating mode Need to preset and store in a control unit with the performance that fastener can reach.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, pine moves back instruction device 4 and further comprises being arranged on terminal User's setting unit 406 in equipment, wherein user's setting unit 406 receives the predetermined pole of the pine amount of moving back of user's input Limit value, and the predetermined limit value is sent to described control unit 402, described control unit 402 receives and preserves described predetermined Limiting value, the judgement of state is moved back for the pine of fastener.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, the display unit 403 includes lamplight pointing unit 4031, the different control instructions and data that the display unit is exported according to described control unit 402 are referred to by the light Show that unit indicates normal condition, critical condition or alarm condition that the pine of nut moves back.For example, the lamplight pointing unit 4031 can Including red light, amber light and green light.The lamplight pointing unit can default setting be green light, represent that the pine of fastener is moved back in normal State.When control unit judges that the pine of the nut is moved back in critical condition or alarm condition, the corresponding control of output refers to Lamplight pointing unit 4031 is made, to light amber light (correspondence critical condition) or red light (correspondence alarm condition).

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, described pine, which moves back instruction device 4, can further comprise sound Sound alarm unit 405, the sound alarm unit 405 receives the control instruction from described control unit 402 and sends corresponding Caution sound, warn the pine amount of moving back of the nut to be in critical condition or alarm condition.Art technology can be used in the caution sound Personnel be contemplated that such as artificial speech or caution sound blowing a whistle, as long as distinguishing critical caution sound and alarm sound.

Below so that tightening piece is the fastener of nut as an example, with reference to accompanying drawing 1-15 descriptions according to of the present utility model exemplary The operating process of the fastener of embodiment：

By the fastener application of the utility model embodiment when such as engineering truck is used to fasten by fastener, by nut 1 and annular element 2 align, that is, cause the first junction surface the second blocking surface 212 and the phase of the second blocking surface 122 at the second junction surface Coordinate, to prevent nut from screwing rotation of the direction identical direction relative to annular element with nut inner thread.By using Fastener is integrally tightened onto by tightening member by wrench device in the direction identical direction that screws with nut inner thread, is applied Pretightning force and will by tightly with members clamp fasten.

Open the pine and move back instruction device 4, the embodiment of instruction device is moved back for the pine with user's setting unit, by with Family sets the predetermined limit value of the loose amount of moving back.

The pine that can produce nut 1 with the passage of use time moves back.Due to annular element 2 and by the frictional force between tightening member More than the frictional force between nut and annular element, when nut 1 is relative to 2 preliminary motion of annular element, annular element 2 is relative to screw rod Remain stationary as.The preliminary motion is along the first mitre joint face 121 at the first junction surface for being engaged contact and the second junction surface The first oblique faying face 211 carry out.As shown in Figure 2-5, because the first mitre joint face 121 is formed with the first oblique faying face 211 For helicoid, the lead angle of the helicoid is more than the lead angle of the internal thread.Then when nut pine moves back, in pine retreat In the case of dynamic certain angle, because nut 1 is moved along the first mitre joint face 121 and 211 along lead angle direction, nut The climbing height in outside is more than the height that is exited from the external screw thread for the screw rod being engaged of inside thread of nut, so as to be formed pair In the stretching for the screw rod being engaged.Therefore, bigger coupling mechanism force is formed at internal thread and externally threaded mating connection, the locking The further pine that power suppresses nut 1 moves back.And the screw rod being engaged produces the opposite pulling force towards annular element 2 to nut 1, So that nut 1 is downwardly against the annular element 2, annular element 2 is further compressed by fastener, therefore annular element 2 is with being fastened member Frictional force between part is bigger, suppresses the motion of fastener.So, nut is more loose moves back, due to lead angle and lead angle The stretching to screw rod that is different and producing is bigger, so that coupling mechanism force is bigger, causes nut to be less susceptible to release.

In the process, detection unit 401 detects the pine amount of moving back of nut, and exports the data letter of the pine amount of moving back on nut Breath；Described control unit 402 receives the data message from detection unit, and analyzes the data message, and control unit is by spiral shell Female pine amount of moving back compared with the predetermined limit value of the loose amount of moving back, obtain the pine amount of moving back predetermined limit value subtract detection nut pine The difference for the amount of moving back, and judge that the pine of the fastener is moved back in normal condition, critical condition or alarm condition according to the difference. And according to the state control display unit and sound alarm unit judged, to warn supervisor or the fastening of terminal device The operator of machinery where part.After vibration or the excessive angle for make it that nut pine moves back of load reach alarm condition, bolt The safety margins of permission is stretched beyond, it is necessary to make corresponding processing.

Installed by the way that pine is moved back into instruction device on the fastener of this structure, because the structure itself of the fastener can suppress Pine moves back, therefore provides multiple guarantee to the anti-loose of fastener, reaches more stable security performance.

Fastener according to the above-mentioned various embodiments of the utility model, it uses two engagements with helicoid Portion, the further pine for realizing the suppression nut when nut pine moves back moves back, and is connect between nut and annular element with longer Conjunction face, available for vibrating larger occasion, and manufacturing process is simple, with higher locking stability.Meanwhile, the utility model Fastener by setting detection unit on fastener, the shake allowance of fastener is detected in real time, and passes through display unit Show the pine amount of moving back and send caution sound to remind user by sound alarming device.It can be shown in real time by the apparatus and method The pine amount of moving back of fastener is shown, more intuitively, the excessive pine in critical condition or alarm condition can be reminded to move back in time Amount, plays good safety precaution effect.The installation of fastener of the present utility model need not increase instrument, simple to operate and should With in extensive range.The place of any fastener connection is can be applied to, in particular for there is the field of high vibration or dynamic load Close.

It will be understood to those skilled in the art that embodiment described above is all exemplary, and this area Technical staff can make improvements, the rushing in terms of not recurring structure or principle of the structure described in various embodiments Independent assortment can be carried out in the case of prominent.

Although the utility model is illustrated with reference to accompanying drawing, the embodiment disclosed in accompanying drawing is intended to this practicality New preferred embodiment is illustrative, and it is not intended that to a kind of limitation of the present utility model.

Although some embodiments of this overall utility model design are shown and illustrated, those of ordinary skill in the art will Understand, in the case of the principle and spirit conceived without departing substantially from this overall utility model, these embodiments can be made a change, this The scope of utility model is limited with claim and their equivalent.

It should be noted that word " comprising " is not excluded for other element or steps, word "a" or "an" is not excluded for multiple.Separately Outside, any element label of claim should not be construed as limiting scope of the present utility model.

Claims (20)

1. a kind of fastener, including：

Tightening piece, is configured to, with coordinating screw rod to be combined to fasten by fastener, set on the first end surfaces of the tightening piece There are two the first junction surfaces；And

Annular element, the annular element is coaxially disposed with the tightening piece, and two the are set on the first side surface of the annular element Two junction surfaces；

Wherein, first junction surface is engaged with the second junction surface so that the tightening piece is hindered when tightening piece pine moves back Further pine moves back.

2. fastener according to claim 1, wherein, first junction surface includes first extended in a circumferential direction Oblique faying face and the second blocking surface, second junction surface includes the first oblique faying face extended in a circumferential direction and the second resistance Block face, wherein the first oblique faying face at first junction surface is configured to be engaged with the first oblique faying face at the second junction surface Contact, second blocking surface at first junction surface is configured to be engaged with second blocking surface at the second junction surface and contacted, with Realize the engagement of tightening piece and the annular element.

3. fastener according to claim 2, wherein, the first oblique faying face at first junction surface and the second junction surface The first oblique faying face be respectively formed the helicoid with identical lift angle to cooperate, the lead angle of the helicoid is more than institute Match somebody with somebody with described in the spiralling direction for stating the helicoid on cooperation screw flight lift angle, the second junction surface of the annular element Close screwing for screw rod in opposite direction.

4. the fastener according to Claims 2 or 3, wherein, second blocking surface at first junction surface and the second engagement Second blocking surface in portion is identical with the angle of horizontal plane, and is obtuse angle or right angle.

5. fastener according to claim 1, wherein, the annular element includes：First cylindrical portion, first cylindrical portion Be formed as prism shape, the prism shape is identical with the prism shape of the tightening piece, so that Wrench is by the tightening piece It is screwed into or back-outs on the screw rod being engaged simultaneously with the annular element.

6. fastener according to claim 1, wherein, the first side of the annular element is formed with the second recess, described Second junction surface is set on the bottom surface of the second recess；

Wherein, the first end surfaces of the tightening piece are accommodated in second recess, first junction surface with it is described Second junction surface is combined.

7. fastener according to claim 1, wherein, second side relative with first side of the annular element is formed There is ratchet, the ratchet is constructed such that annular element and is more than by the frictional force between tightening member between tightening piece and annular element Frictional force, make it that annular element is remained stationary as relative to by tightening member and screw rod when tightening piece is relative to screw bolt loosening.

8. fastener according to claim 7, wherein, the ratchet is configured on the surface of the second side of annular element It is arranged radially.

9. fastener according to claim 1, wherein, the tightening piece is nut, the nut and the cooperation screw rod Screw thread coordinates.

10. fastener according to claim 9, wherein, the nut includes：

Main part, the first end surfaces formation is on the main part；And

First protuberance, first protuberance extends from one end of the main part, and first protuberance is contained in described In annular element.

11. fastener according to claim 10, wherein, the nut further comprises the second protuberance, described second Protuberance extends from first protuberance, and the end of second protuberance forms outstanding flange；

The annular element includes recess, and the recess is from second side relative with the first side of the annular element along annular element It is recessed axially inwards, the flange is engaged with the bottom surface of the recess of the annular element so that the nut is relative to institute Annular element is stated to rotate but from the annular element can not depart from.

12. fastener according to claim 11, wherein, the flange is from the annular element in second protuberance The first side reach second side through the annular element after formed by Sheet Metal Forming Technology.

13. fastener according to claim 9, wherein, the nut is split part with the annular element.

14. fastener as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the tightening piece is bolt head, the bolt head and the cooperation spiral shell Bar integrally connected is simultaneously rotated together.

15. fastener according to claim 1, further comprises：

Pine moves back instruction device, and the pine, which moves back instruction device, to be included：

Detection unit, the detection unit is adapted to mount to detect the pine amount of moving back of the tightening piece in the tightening piece, and defeated Go out the data message of the pine amount of moving back on tightening piece；

Control unit, described control unit is configured to receive the data message of the detection unit output, and handles the number It is believed that breath；

Display unit, the display unit is configured to indicate the tightening piece according to processed data message display The information of the pine amount of moving back.

16. fastener according to claim 15, wherein：

Described control unit and the display unit are arranged in terminal device,

The pine moves back instruction device and further comprised：

Wireless transmission unit, the wireless transmission unit is suitable to the data information transfer that exports the detection unit to the control Unit processed.

17. fastener according to claim 16, wherein：

The terminal device is hand-held intelligent equipment or computer.

18. fastener according to claim 15, wherein the pine amount of moving back of the tightening piece detected is the tightening piece Relative to the rotational angle of the annular element.

19. fastener according to claim 15, wherein, described control unit is by the pine amount of moving back of the tightening piece of detection and pine The predetermined limit value for the amount of moving back compares, and judges that the pine of the tightening piece is moved back in normal condition, critical shape according to comparative result State or alarm condition, and according to the different corresponding control instructions of state output and data.

20. fastener according to claim 19, wherein, described control unit is according to the pine amount of moving back of the tightening piece detected Determine that the pine of the tightening piece is moved back in normal condition, critical condition or alarm shape with the difference of the predetermined limit value of the loose amount of moving back State,

Wherein, the normal condition is the state when difference is more than predetermined difference value；

The critical condition is the state when difference is less than predetermined difference value；

The alarm condition is the state when difference is equal to or less than 0.