WO2018082147A1 - Method for increasing penetration depth of silane in concrete - Google Patents

Method for increasing penetration depth of silane in concrete Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018082147A1
WO2018082147A1 PCT/CN2016/108197 CN2016108197W WO2018082147A1 WO 2018082147 A1 WO2018082147 A1 WO 2018082147A1 CN 2016108197 W CN2016108197 W CN 2016108197W WO 2018082147 A1 WO2018082147 A1 WO 2018082147A1
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silane
concrete
penetration depth
concrete structure
increasing
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PCT/CN2016/108197
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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徐金霞
单鸿猷
张长宽
蒋林华
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河海大学
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Publication of WO2018082147A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018082147A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
    • C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
    • C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of concrete, and in particular relates to a method for improving the penetration depth of silane in concrete to improve the hydrophobicity of the concrete surface.
  • the reinforced concrete structure combines the advantages of steel and concrete, and the cost is low. It is the preferred form in the design of civil engineering structures and is widely used. However, the concrete structure is susceptible to the process of service, and various factors (such as chemical erosion, alkali aggregate reaction, steel corrosion, freezing and thawing, etc.) are subject to deterioration, thereby shortening the service life of the reinforced concrete structure and giving the national economy And the people’s lives are in great danger.
  • Silane is widely used in concrete water-repellent coatings in the world. Compared with other types of coatings, silane has good water repellency, ultraviolet radiation resistance and permeability.
  • the silane obtained by the conventional impregnation method has a very limited penetration depth in concrete (generally only a few millimeters or less) and is affected and restricted by the quality and saturation of the concrete. Since the concrete is subject to mechanical wear and aging during service, it is easy to invalidate the silane coating on or around the concrete surface, and thus the silane coating with a thinner penetration depth is difficult to exert its performance for a long time. Therefore, increasing the depth of silane penetration is important for its water repellency and durability of concrete.
  • the present invention provides a method for improving the penetration depth of silane in concrete by electrochemical techniques, which can effectively improve the penetration depth of silane in concrete, improve the hydrophobicity of concrete surface, and improve the durability of concrete structure. It should be noted that the techniques provided by the present invention are particularly applicable to aged or partially aged concrete structures having a certain useful life.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for increasing the penetration depth of silane in concrete, comprising the following steps:
  • the surface pretreatment is to repair concrete cracks, and remove deposits such as oil stains and dust on the concrete surface.
  • the silane is isooctyltriethoxysilane, isobutyltriethoxysilane or dodecyltriethoxysilane.
  • step (2) the volume ratio of the water to the absolute ethanol is 0-0.3:1.
  • the volume ratio of the silane and the mixture of water and absolute ethanol is from 0.5 to 2:1.
  • the conductive electrode material is one selected from the group consisting of graphite, platinum or titanium metal.
  • step (3) the conductive electrode is placed in parallel with the concrete structure, separated by 20-40 mm.
  • the silane solution is changed every 1-2 days.
  • the invention provides the technology that utilizes the electric principle such as electroosmosis and electromigration to inject silane into the pores of the concrete structure, thereby effectively improving the penetration depth of the silane in the concrete, thereby improving the concrete.
  • the hydrophobicity of the surface of the structure and the durability of the concrete structure compared with the traditional impregnation method, the method has the advantages of simplicity, high efficiency, low cost and good effect, and at the same time, the method is affected by environmental factors such as humidity. Small, the application prospects are very broad.
  • the HPB235 steel bar was machined to a 6cm round bar and the wire was led from one end of each round bar, exposing only 4 cm of the middle length of the steel bar.
  • the fine aggregate concrete structure specimen with the forming size of 40mm ⁇ 40mm ⁇ 160mm is made of 42.5 grade ordinary Portland cement with a water-cement ratio of 0.5 and a ratio of lime to sand of 1:2.5.
  • the pre-rebar is inserted vertically into the center of the test mold, and the thickness of the protective layer at both ends is 15 mm.
  • the concrete structure test piece After the concrete structure test piece is cured for 28 days, it is sent to the carbonization box for carbonization for 3 days, and its CO 2 concentration is 20% ⁇ 3% (volume percentage), and the temperature and humidity are maintained at 20 ⁇ 5° C., 70% ⁇ 5%, respectively.
  • the carbonization depth was measured to be about 7 mm to simulate partially aged concrete in the actual environment.
  • each spraying amount is 300 mL/m 2 , and spraying twice (the interval between the two is at least 6h).
  • the results of the implementation show that the method provides a silane having a penetration depth of 12.1 mm and a contact angle of 134°, and the immersion method has a silane penetration depth of only 3.9 mm and a contact angle of 124°.
  • the silane penetration depth obtained by the method of the present invention is increased by 8.2 mm, and the concrete surface contact angle is increased by 10°.
  • the method provides a silane having a penetration depth of 13.4 mm and a contact angle of 143°, and the immersion method has a silane penetration depth of only 4.2 mm and a contact angle of 136°.
  • the silane provided by the method has a penetration depth of 9.2 mm and a concrete surface contact angle of 7°.
  • the results of the experiments show that the method provides a silane having a penetration depth of 10.2 mm and a contact angle of 139°, and the immersion method has a silane penetration depth of only 3.9 mm and a contact angle of 126°.
  • the silane penetration depth obtained by the method of the present invention is increased by 6.3 mm, and the concrete surface contact angle is increased by 13°.
  • the method of the present invention provides a silane having a penetration depth of 10.8 mm and a contact angle of 128°, and the immersion method gives a silane penetration depth of only 3.7 mm and a contact angle of 121°.
  • the silane penetration depth obtained by the method of the present invention is increased by 7.1 mm, and the concrete surface contact angle is increased by 7°.
  • the method provides a silane having a penetration depth of 9.8 mm and a contact angle of 133°, and the immersion method has a silane penetration depth of only 3.4 mm and a contact angle of 123°.
  • the method of the present invention provides a silane penetration depth of 6.4 mm and a concrete surface contact angle of 10°.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Abstract

A method for increasing a penetration depth of silane in concrete, relating to the technical field of concrete. The method comprises the following steps: pre-processing the surface of a concrete structure to make the surface of the concrete structure clean and complete; first mixing water with absolute ethanol, and uniformly dispersing silane in a mixture of ethanol and water to prepare a silane solution; placing a preprocessed concrete structure sample in the silane solution, connecting a reinforcing bar in the sample to a negative electrode of an external power source by means of a wire, placing a conductive electrode in the silane solution, and connecting the wire to a positive electrode of the power source so as to constitute a loop; and opening the power source and applying a constant voltage. A technique provided in the method utilizes electric principles such as electroosmosis and electromigration, effectively increases a penetration depth of silane in concrete by injecting silane into pores on a concrete structure, and thus improves the hydrophobic of a surface of the concrete structure and the durability of the concrete structure. The method is less affected by an environmental factor, has a simple process, is easy to operate, and has a good effect.

Description

一种提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法Method for improving penetration depth of silane in concrete 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于混凝土技术领域，具体涉及一种提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法，以改善混凝土表面疏水性。The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete, and in particular relates to a method for improving the penetration depth of silane in concrete to improve the hydrophobicity of the concrete surface.
背景技术Background technique
钢筋混凝土结构结合了钢筋与混凝土的诸多优点，造价较低，是目前土木工程结构设计中的首选形式，应用非常广泛。但是，混凝土结构在服役过程中易受，各种因素作用(如化学侵蚀、碱骨料反应、钢筋锈蚀、冻融等)而遭受劣化，由此使钢筋混凝土结构的使用寿命缩短，给国民经济和人民生命安全带来巨大损害。The reinforced concrete structure combines the advantages of steel and concrete, and the cost is low. It is the preferred form in the design of civil engineering structures and is widely used. However, the concrete structure is susceptible to the process of service, and various factors (such as chemical erosion, alkali aggregate reaction, steel corrosion, freezing and thawing, etc.) are subject to deterioration, thereby shortening the service life of the reinforced concrete structure and giving the national economy And the people’s lives are in great danger.
在各种劣化因素作用中，水是不可或缺的必要条件，因此对混凝土结构进行防水处理是提高其耐久性的有效途径之—。硅烷在世界各国都已被广泛应用的混凝土结构憎水型涂料，与其他类型涂料相比，硅烷具有良好的憎水性、耐紫外线照射性以及渗透性等性能。但是，用传统的浸渍法得到的硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度十分有限(一般仅有几毫米或更低),且受到混凝土质量与饱和度的影响与制约。由于在服役过程中混凝土会受到机械磨损与老化作用，易使混凝土表层或其周围的硅烷涂层失效，由此较薄渗透深度的硅烷涂层很难长期发挥其效能。因此，提高硅烷渗透深度对于其防水性及混凝土耐久性的提升有着重要的意义。Water is an indispensable condition for various degrading factors, so waterproofing the concrete structure is an effective way to improve its durability. Silane is widely used in concrete water-repellent coatings in the world. Compared with other types of coatings, silane has good water repellency, ultraviolet radiation resistance and permeability. However, the silane obtained by the conventional impregnation method has a very limited penetration depth in concrete (generally only a few millimeters or less) and is affected and restricted by the quality and saturation of the concrete. Since the concrete is subject to mechanical wear and aging during service, it is easy to invalidate the silane coating on or around the concrete surface, and thus the silane coating with a thinner penetration depth is difficult to exert its performance for a long time. Therefore, increasing the depth of silane penetration is important for its water repellency and durability of concrete.
目前，国内外还很缺乏能够有效提高硅烷在混凝土渗透深度的简便方法。At present, there is a lack of a simple method at home and abroad that can effectively increase the penetration depth of silane in concrete.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了克服上述缺陷，本发明提供一种通过电化学技术提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法，该方法能够有效提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度，改善混凝土表面疏水性，并提升混凝土结构耐久性。需要指出的是，本发明提供的技术尤其适用于有一定使用年限的已老化或部分老化混凝土结构。In order to overcome the above drawbacks, the present invention provides a method for improving the penetration depth of silane in concrete by electrochemical techniques, which can effectively improve the penetration depth of silane in concrete, improve the hydrophobicity of concrete surface, and improve the durability of concrete structure. It should be noted that the techniques provided by the present invention are particularly applicable to aged or partially aged concrete structures having a certain useful life.
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：一种提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法，包含以下步骤：In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for increasing the penetration depth of silane in concrete, comprising the following steps:
(1)预处理混凝土结构表面，使混凝土结构表面清洁、完整；(1) pretreating the surface of the concrete structure to make the surface of the concrete structure clean and complete;
(2)先将水与无水乙醇混合或者仅使用无水乙醇，再将硅烷均匀分散在乙醇与水混合物或者纯的无水乙醇中，配制硅烷的溶液； (2) first mixing water with absolute ethanol or using only absolute ethanol, and then uniformly dispersing the silane in a mixture of ethanol and water or pure anhydrous ethanol to prepare a solution of silane;
(3)将经预处理的混凝土结构试样置于硅烷的溶液中，将其内部钢筋用导线外接电源的负极，与此同时，在硅烷的溶液中置入导电电极，用导线连接电源的正极，构成回路；(3) The pretreated concrete structure sample is placed in a solution of silane, and the inner reinforcing bar is externally connected to the negative electrode of the power source, and at the same time, a conductive electrode is placed in the solution of the silane, and the positive electrode of the power source is connected by a wire. Forming a loop;
(4)打开电源，施加恒定电压，所用电压为10～20V，通电时间7～14d；(4) Turn on the power supply, apply a constant voltage, the voltage used is 10 ~ 20V, the power-on time is 7 ~ 14d;
其中，步骤(1)中，所述表面预处理为修补混凝土裂缝，去除混凝土表面油污、灰尘等附着物。Wherein, in the step (1), the surface pretreatment is to repair concrete cracks, and remove deposits such as oil stains and dust on the concrete surface.
其中，步骤(2)中，所述硅烷为异辛基三乙氧基硅烷、异丁基三乙氧基硅烷或十二烷基三乙氧基硅烷。Wherein, in the step (2), the silane is isooctyltriethoxysilane, isobutyltriethoxysilane or dodecyltriethoxysilane.
其中，步骤(2)中，所述水和无水乙醇的体积比值为0-0.3：1。Wherein, in step (2), the volume ratio of the water to the absolute ethanol is 0-0.3:1.
其中，步骤(2)中，所述硅烷和水与无水乙醇混合物的体积比值为0.5-2：1。Wherein, in the step (2), the volume ratio of the silane and the mixture of water and absolute ethanol is from 0.5 to 2:1.
其中，步骤(3)中，所述导电电极材料选自石墨、铂或钛金属中的一种。Wherein, in the step (3), the conductive electrode material is one selected from the group consisting of graphite, platinum or titanium metal.
其中，步骤(3)中，所述导电电极与混凝土结构平行放置，相隔20-40mm。Wherein, in step (3), the conductive electrode is placed in parallel with the concrete structure, separated by 20-40 mm.
其中，步骤(3)中，硅烷溶液每1-2天更换一次。Wherein, in the step (3), the silane solution is changed every 1-2 days.
相对于现有技术，本发明的有益效果:本发明提供的技术利用了电渗、电迁移等电动原理，将硅烷注入混凝土结构孔隙内，有效提高提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度，由此改善混凝土结构表面的疏水性，并提升混凝土结构耐久性；相较于传统的浸渍法，该方法具有简便、高效、成本低与效果好等优点，与此同时，该方法受环境因素(如湿度)影响小，应用前景十分广阔。Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the technology that utilizes the electric principle such as electroosmosis and electromigration to inject silane into the pores of the concrete structure, thereby effectively improving the penetration depth of the silane in the concrete, thereby improving the concrete. The hydrophobicity of the surface of the structure and the durability of the concrete structure; compared with the traditional impregnation method, the method has the advantages of simplicity, high efficiency, low cost and good effect, and at the same time, the method is affected by environmental factors such as humidity. Small, the application prospects are very broad.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。The present invention will be further clarified by the following specific examples, which are to be construed as illustrative only and not to limit the scope of the invention. Modifications are within the scope defined by the claims appended hereto.
将
Figure PCTCN2016108197-appb-000001
的HPB235钢筋加工成长为6cm圆棒，并从每根圆棒的其中一端引出导线，仅暴露钢棒中间长度4cm。成型尺寸为40mm×40mm×160mm的细集料混凝土结构试件，水泥为42.5级普通硅酸盐水泥，水灰比0.5，灰砂比1:2.5。具体成型时，将预钢筋垂直插入试模中央位置，两端保护层厚度15mm。将混凝土结构试件标准养护28d后，送至碳化箱中碳化3d，其CO2浓度为20％±3％(体 积百分比)，温度及湿度分别保持在20±5℃，70％±5％，测试其碳化深度约7mm，以此模拟实际环境下已部分老化的混凝土。will
Figure PCTCN2016108197-appb-000001
The HPB235 steel bar was machined to a 6cm round bar and the wire was led from one end of each round bar, exposing only 4 cm of the middle length of the steel bar. The fine aggregate concrete structure specimen with the forming size of 40mm×40mm×160mm is made of 42.5 grade ordinary Portland cement with a water-cement ratio of 0.5 and a ratio of lime to sand of 1:2.5. For specific molding, the pre-rebar is inserted vertically into the center of the test mold, and the thickness of the protective layer at both ends is 15 mm. After the concrete structure test piece is cured for 28 days, it is sent to the carbonization box for carbonization for 3 days, and its CO 2 concentration is 20%±3% (volume percentage), and the temperature and humidity are maintained at 20±5° C., 70%±5%, respectively. The carbonization depth was measured to be about 7 mm to simulate partially aged concrete in the actual environment.
此外，为了进行效果对比，同时进行硅烷浸渍实验。具体要使混凝土结构涂刷面为面干状态，用下面各个实施例中的相应硅烷溶液均匀涂刷，每次喷涂量为300mL/m2，喷涂两次(两次之间的间隔时间至少为6h)。In addition, in order to compare the effects, a silane immersion test was simultaneously performed. Specifically, the concrete structure brushing surface is in a dry state, uniformly coated with the corresponding silane solution in each of the following embodiments, each spraying amount is 300 mL/m 2 , and spraying twice (the interval between the two is at least 6h).
实施例1Example 1
(1)实验室成型混凝土表面较为清洁、完整，因此没有进行预处理处理；(1) The surface of the laboratory-formed concrete is relatively clean and complete, so no pretreatment is performed;
(2)配制硅烷的溶液，将异辛基三乙氧基硅烷与无水乙醇均匀混合，二者体积比为1:1；(2) preparing a solution of silane, uniformly mixing isooctyltriethoxysilane with anhydrous ethanol, the volume ratio of the two is 1:1;
(3)将混凝土结构试样置于硅烷的溶液中，将其内部钢筋用导线外接电源的负极，与此同时，在硅烷的溶液中置入纯度98％的钛网板导电电极，用导线连接电源的正极，构成回路。其中，钛网板与混凝土结构平行排列，二者相距30mm；(3) Place the concrete structure sample in the silane solution, and connect the internal steel bar to the negative electrode of the power supply. At the same time, place the 98% pure titanium mesh conductive electrode in the silane solution and connect with the wire. The positive pole of the power supply forms a loop. Wherein, the titanium mesh plate is arranged in parallel with the concrete structure, and the distance between them is 30 mm;
(4)在阳极与阴极施加恒定电压，施加的电压为12V，通电7d后，结束通电。(4) A constant voltage was applied to the anode and the cathode, and the applied voltage was 12 V. After being energized for 7 days, the energization was terminated.
实施结果表明：本发明提供方法得到硅烷的渗透深度为12.1mm，接触角为134°，而浸渍法得到硅烷渗透深度仅为3.9mm，接触角为124°。相比于浸渍法，本发明提供方法得到的硅烷渗透深度提高8.2mm，混凝土表面接触角提高了10°。The results of the implementation show that the method provides a silane having a penetration depth of 12.1 mm and a contact angle of 134°, and the immersion method has a silane penetration depth of only 3.9 mm and a contact angle of 124°. Compared to the impregnation method, the silane penetration depth obtained by the method of the present invention is increased by 8.2 mm, and the concrete surface contact angle is increased by 10°.
实施例2Example 2
(1)实验室成型混凝土表面较为清洁、完整，因此没有进行预处理处理；(1) The surface of the laboratory-formed concrete is relatively clean and complete, so no pretreatment is performed;
(2)配制硅烷的溶液，将异辛基三乙氧基硅烷与无水乙醇均匀混合，二者体积比为1.5:1；(2) preparing a solution of silane, isooctyl triethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol are uniformly mixed, the volume ratio of the two is 1.5:1;
(3)将混凝土结构试样置于硅烷的溶液中，将其内部钢筋用导线外接电源的负极，与此同时，在硅烷的溶液中置入纯度98％的钛网板导电电极，用导线连接电源的正极，构成回路。其中，钛网板与混凝土结构平行排列，二者相距30mm(3) Place the concrete structure sample in the silane solution, and connect the internal steel bar to the negative electrode of the power supply. At the same time, place the 98% pure titanium mesh conductive electrode in the silane solution and connect with the wire. The positive pole of the power supply forms a loop. Among them, the titanium mesh plate is arranged in parallel with the concrete structure, and the distance between them is 30mm.
(4)在阳极与阴极施加恒定电压，施加的电压为12V，通电7d后，结束通电。(4) A constant voltage was applied to the anode and the cathode, and the applied voltage was 12 V. After being energized for 7 days, the energization was terminated.
实施结果表明：本发明提供方法得到硅烷的渗透深度为13.4mm，接触角为143°，而浸渍法得到硅烷渗透深度仅为4.2mm，接触角为136°。相比于浸渍法，本发明提供方法得到的硅烷渗透深度提高9.2mm，混凝土表面接触角提高了7°。 The results of the implementation show that the method provides a silane having a penetration depth of 13.4 mm and a contact angle of 143°, and the immersion method has a silane penetration depth of only 4.2 mm and a contact angle of 136°. Compared to the impregnation method, the silane provided by the method has a penetration depth of 9.2 mm and a concrete surface contact angle of 7°.
实施例3Example 3
(1)实验室成型混凝土表面较为清洁、完整，因此没有进行预处理处理；(1) The surface of the laboratory-formed concrete is relatively clean and complete, so no pretreatment is performed;
(2)配制硅烷的溶液，将异丁基三乙氧基硅烷加入水与无水乙醇混合物(水和无水乙醇的体积比值为0.3)中，均匀混合，二者体积比为1:1；(2) preparing a solution of silane, adding isobutyl triethoxysilane to a mixture of water and absolute ethanol (volume ratio of water to absolute ethanol of 0.3), uniformly mixed, the volume ratio of the two is 1:1;
(3)将混凝土结构试样置于硅烷的溶液中，将其内部钢筋用导线外接电源的负极，与此同时，在硅烷的溶液中置入纯度98％的钛网板导电电极，用导线连接电源的正极，构成回路。其中，钛网板与混凝土结构平行排列，二者相距30mm；(3) Place the concrete structure sample in the silane solution, and connect the internal steel bar to the negative electrode of the power supply. At the same time, place the 98% pure titanium mesh conductive electrode in the silane solution and connect with the wire. The positive pole of the power supply forms a loop. Wherein, the titanium mesh plate is arranged in parallel with the concrete structure, and the distance between them is 30 mm;
(4)在阳极与阴极施加恒定电压，施加的电压为15V，通电10d，结束通电。(4) A constant voltage was applied to the anode and the cathode, the applied voltage was 15 V, and the current was applied for 10 days, and the energization was terminated.
实施结果表明：本发明提供方法得到硅烷的渗透深度为10.2mm，接触角为139°，而浸渍法得到硅烷渗透深度仅为3.9mm，接触角为126°。相比于浸渍法，本发明提供方法得到的硅烷渗透深度提高6.3mm，混凝土表面接触角提高了13°。The results of the experiments show that the method provides a silane having a penetration depth of 10.2 mm and a contact angle of 139°, and the immersion method has a silane penetration depth of only 3.9 mm and a contact angle of 126°. Compared to the impregnation method, the silane penetration depth obtained by the method of the present invention is increased by 6.3 mm, and the concrete surface contact angle is increased by 13°.
实施例4Example 4
(1)实验室成型混凝土表面较为清洁、完整，因此没有进行预处理处理；(1) The surface of the laboratory-formed concrete is relatively clean and complete, so no pretreatment is performed;
(2)配制硅烷的溶液，将十二烷基三乙氧基硅烷与无水乙醇均匀混合，二者体积比为0.5:1；(2) preparing a solution of silane, uniformly mixing dodecyltriethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol, the volume ratio of the two is 0.5:1;
(3)将混凝土结构试样置于硅烷的溶液中，将其内部钢筋用导线外接电源的负极，与此同时，在硅烷的溶液中置入纯度98％的钛网板导电电极，用导线连接电源的正极，构成回路。其中，钛网板与混凝土结构平行排列，二者相距40mm；(3) Place the concrete structure sample in the silane solution, and connect the internal steel bar to the negative electrode of the power supply. At the same time, place the 98% pure titanium mesh conductive electrode in the silane solution and connect with the wire. The positive pole of the power supply forms a loop. Wherein, the titanium mesh plate is arranged in parallel with the concrete structure, and the distance between the two is 40 mm;
(4)在阳极与阴极施加恒定电压，施加的电压为20V，通电10d后，结束通电。(4) A constant voltage was applied to the anode and the cathode, the applied voltage was 20 V, and after energization for 10 d, the energization was terminated.
实施结果表明：本发明提供方法得到硅烷的渗透深度为10.8mm,接触角为128°，而浸渍法得到硅烷渗透深度仅为3.7mm，接触角为121°。相相比于浸渍法，本发明提供方法得到的硅烷渗透深度提高7.1mm，混凝土表面接触角提高了7°。The results of the implementation show that the method of the present invention provides a silane having a penetration depth of 10.8 mm and a contact angle of 128°, and the immersion method gives a silane penetration depth of only 3.7 mm and a contact angle of 121°. Compared to the impregnation method, the silane penetration depth obtained by the method of the present invention is increased by 7.1 mm, and the concrete surface contact angle is increased by 7°.
实施例5Example 5
(1)实验室成型混凝土表面较为清洁、完整，因此没有进行预处理处理；(1) The surface of the laboratory-formed concrete is relatively clean and complete, so no pretreatment is performed;
(2)配制硅烷的溶液，将十二烷基三乙氧基硅烷与无水乙醇均匀混合，二者体积比为1.5:1； (2) preparing a solution of silane, uniformly mixing dodecyltriethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol, the volume ratio of the two is 1.5:1;
(3)将混凝土结构试样置于硅烷的溶液中，将其内部钢筋用导线外接电源的负极，与此同时，在硅烷的溶液中置入纯度98％的钛网板导电电极，用导线连接电源的正极，构成回路。其中，钛网板与混凝土结构平行排列，二者相距20mm；(3) Place the concrete structure sample in the silane solution, and connect the internal steel bar to the negative electrode of the power supply. At the same time, place the 98% pure titanium mesh conductive electrode in the silane solution and connect with the wire. The positive pole of the power supply forms a loop. Wherein, the titanium mesh plate is arranged in parallel with the concrete structure, and the distance between the two is 20 mm;
(4)在阳极与阴极施加恒定电压，施加的电压为20V，通电14d后，结束通电。(4) A constant voltage was applied to the anode and the cathode, the applied voltage was 20 V, and after energization for 14 d, the energization was terminated.
实施结果表明：本发明提供方法得到硅烷的渗透深度为9.8mm，接触角为133°，而浸渍法得到硅烷渗透深度仅为3.4mm，接触角为123°。相比于浸渍法，本发明提供方法得到的硅烷渗透深度提高6.4mm，混凝土表面接触角提高了10°。The results of the implementation show that the method provides a silane having a penetration depth of 9.8 mm and a contact angle of 133°, and the immersion method has a silane penetration depth of only 3.4 mm and a contact angle of 123°. Compared to the impregnation method, the method of the present invention provides a silane penetration depth of 6.4 mm and a concrete surface contact angle of 10°.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。 The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and retouchings without departing from the principles of the present invention. It should be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

  1. 一种提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：A method for increasing the penetration depth of silane in concrete, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    (1)预处理混凝土结构表面，使混凝土结构表面清洁、完整；(1) pretreating the surface of the concrete structure to make the surface of the concrete structure clean and complete;
    (2)先将水与无水乙醇混合或者仅使用无水乙醇，再将硅烷均匀分散在乙醇与水混合物或者纯的无水乙醇中，配制硅烷的溶液；(2) first mixing water with absolute ethanol or using only absolute ethanol, and then uniformly dispersing the silane in a mixture of ethanol and water or pure anhydrous ethanol to prepare a solution of silane;
    (3)将经预处理的混凝土结构试样置于硅烷的溶液中，将其内部钢筋用导线外接电源的负极，与此同时，在硅烷的溶液中置入导电电极，用导线连接电源的正极，构成回路；(3) The pretreated concrete structure sample is placed in a solution of silane, and the inner reinforcing bar is externally connected to the negative electrode of the power source, and at the same time, a conductive electrode is placed in the solution of the silane, and the positive electrode of the power source is connected by a wire. Forming a loop;
    (4)打开电源，施加恒定电压，所用电压为10～20V，通电时间7～14d。(4) Turn on the power and apply a constant voltage. The voltage used is 10 to 20V, and the power-on time is 7 to 14d.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述预处理混凝土结构表面的步骤为修补混凝土裂缝，去除混凝土表面油污、灰尘构成的附着物。A method for improving the penetration depth of a silane in concrete according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the step of pretreating the surface of the concrete structure is to repair the concrete crack, and remove the oil stain and dust on the concrete surface. Attachment.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述硅烷为异辛基三乙氧基硅烷、异丁基三乙氧基硅烷或十二烷基三乙氧基硅烷。A method for increasing the penetration depth of a silane in concrete according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the silane is isooctyltriethoxysilane or isobutyltriethoxysilane. Or dodecyltriethoxysilane.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述水和无水乙醇的体积比值为(0-0.3):1。A method for increasing the penetration depth of silane in concrete according to claim 3, wherein in step (2), the volume ratio of said water to absolute ethanol is (0-0.3):1.
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述硅烷和水、无水乙醇混合物的体积比值为(0.5-2)：1。A method for increasing the penetration depth of silane in concrete according to claim 4, wherein in step (2), the volume ratio of the mixture of silane and water and anhydrous ethanol is (0.5-2):1. .
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，导电电极材料为石墨、铂或钛金属中的一种。A method for increasing the penetration depth of silane in concrete according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the conductive electrode material is one of graphite, platinum or titanium metal.
  7. 如权利要求4所述的一种提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，所述导电电极与混凝土结构平行放置，相隔20-40mm。A method for increasing the penetration depth of silane in concrete according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the conductive electrode is placed in parallel with the concrete structure, separated by 20-40 mm.
  8. 如权利要求1所述的一种提高硅烷在混凝土中渗透深度的方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，硅烷溶液每1-2天更换一次。 A method of increasing the penetration depth of silane in concrete according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the silane solution is changed every 1-2 days.
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