CN105254334B - A kind of electrochemical preparation method of surface hydrophobic concrete - Google Patents
A kind of electrochemical preparation method of surface hydrophobic concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN105254334B CN105254334B CN201510815189.4A CN201510815189A CN105254334B CN 105254334 B CN105254334 B CN 105254334B CN 201510815189 A CN201510815189 A CN 201510815189A CN 105254334 B CN105254334 B CN 105254334B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of electrochemical preparation method of surface hydrophobic concrete.It with the organic compound with hydrophobic group is raw material that the method is, by extra electric field, electrochemistry is driven into concrete, polyvalent cation (such as Ca with concrete2+、Al3+、Fe3+Deng) act and crosslink, the coacervation in hole and do not dissolve, be thus densified concrete, at the same time, water-repellent layer can be formed in concrete surface, completely cut off water and the intrusion of other harmful ions, significantly improve the durability of concrete.The present invention is smaller by concrete effect of saturation degree, and hydrophobic group depth of penetration is big, and will not produce harmful effect to concrete performance.Can be not only used for fresh concrete, it can also be used to the durability lifting of in-service concrete, have a extensive future, and simple, convenient, low cost, effect are good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of concrete production, it is related to a kind of electrochemical preparation method of surface hydrophobic concrete.
Background technology
Concrete is the widely used construction material of building trade, and huge effect is played to the development of the national economy.But,
In use, due to the internal collective effect with external factor, concrete performance usually occurs premature deterioration, thus draws
The not enough problem of concrete structure durability is sent out.Economic loss that is not enough by concrete durability and causing is very surprising
, therefore, Durability of Concrete is an important topic in the urgent need to address.
Water is the cause of the various physical degradation processes of concrete, meanwhile, used as the carrier that erosion carbon dioxide is migrated, water also can
Cause the chemical deterioration of concrete, while the process of chemical deterioration can be participated in.If external water cannot invade inside concrete,
Influence of the water for concrete deterioration can just be weakened, the durability of concrete is effectively improved.Coagulation is invaded to reduce external water
Soil, now mainly there is two methods：One of which method is to coat hydrophober (such as paint, epoxy resin) in concrete surface,
The method cannot make hydrophober penetrate into inside concrete, and service life is not grown and needs repeatedly repairing, is only applicable surface enough
Dry concrete also limit it and use scope.Another method is to add hydrophober in mixing concrete, inside mixes hydrophobic
The method of agent can have a negative impact to the performance of concrete, can especially make the intensity decreases of concrete, and the later stage is also possible to cause
Swelling cracking.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：For above-mentioned existing problem and shortage, the purpose of the present invention is a kind of surface hydrophobic coagulation
The electrochemical preparation method of soil, the method makes concrete surface have strong hydrophobicity, fundamentally weakens caused by water
Associated degradation, be obviously improved the durability of concrete.
Technical scheme：The electrochemical preparation method of surface hydrophobic concrete of the present invention, is with hydrophobic group
Organic compound raw material, by applying extra electric field, drive hydrophobic group to enter concrete, with the multivalence sun of concrete from
Son (such as Ca2+、Al3+、Fe3+Deng) effect and crosslink, the coacervation in hole and do not dissolve, be thus densified concrete；Its
The hydrophobic group that body is carried, can cause that concrete surface obtains strong hydrophobicity, weaken water and other harmful ions to coagulation
The invasive of soil, so as to lift the durability of concrete.
Specifically, the present invention is comprised the following steps：
A, concrete alkalescence hole solution in add carry hydrophobic group organic compound, be obtained electrolyte solution；
B, reinforced concrete structure sample is soaked in electrolyte solution obtained in step a, makes reinforced concrete structure
Sample reaches saturation state；
C, the reinforced concrete structure sample of saturation is placed in added with the electrolytic cell of electrolyte solution obtained in step a,
Anode is set in electrolytic cell and positive source is connect, while reinforcing bar is connect into power cathode；
D, at a temperature of 0~40 DEG C, apply 1A/m2~3A/m2Extra electric field be electrochemically reacted.
More specifically, in above-mentioned steps a, the alkaline hole solution is the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.02-0.2mol/L；Or
The concentration of the mixed solution of potassium hydroxide, NaOH and calcium hydroxide, wherein potassium hydroxide is 0.6mol/L, NaOH
Concentration is 0.2mol/L, the concentration of calcium hydroxide is 0.001mol/L.The described organic compound with hydrophobic group is four
One kind in butyl ammonium fluoride or modified cation polyacrylamide solution.Organic compound content in described electrolyte solution
It is 0.05%~1%.
In above-mentioned steps b, the time of described immersion is 24~48h.
In above-mentioned steps c, described anode material is graphite, platinum, gold or titanium.
In above-mentioned steps d, the time of described electrochemical reaction is 8~24h.
Beneficial effect：It with the organic chemistry material with hydrophobic group is raw material that the present invention is, using electrochemical principle, by force
System is driven into concrete, using polyvalent cation (such as Ca with concrete2+、Al3+、Fe3+Deng) act and crosslink
To be densified concrete, at the same time, one layer of hydrophobic film can be formed in concrete surface, completely cut off water and other harmful ions
Intrusion, significantly improve the durability of concrete.With existing surface coating and it is interior mix hydrophober technology compared with, the present invention
Smaller by concrete effect of saturation degree, hydrophober penetrates into deeper, and does not have harmful effect to concrete performance.Can be not only used for brand-new
Concrete, it can also be used to the durability lifting of in-service concrete, has a extensive future, and simple, convenient, low cost, effect
It is really good.
Specific embodiment：
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than limitation the scope of the present invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are to various equivalences of the invention
The modification of form falls within the application appended claims limited range.
The HPB235 steel bar meters of φ 10mm are grown into 15cm poles, and from an every wherein terminated wires of pole,
Rod iron intermediate length 10cm is only exposed, is immersed in standby in absolute ethyl alcohol.
It is the fine aggregate concrete test specimen of φ 150mm × h300mm to use size, and cement is 42.5 grades of normal silicate water
Mud, the ratio of mud 0.5, cement-sand ratio 1:2.5.In shaping, reinforcing bar is inserted perpendicularly into die trial middle position, extraction wire.By coagulation
After soil structure test specimen standard curing 28d, take out and dry to constant weight.
Embodiment 1
(1) electrolyte is prepared：The NaOH solution of 0.1mol/L, adds 0.05% tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride；
(2) reinforced concrete structure sample is soaked in electrolyte, reinforced concrete structure sample is reached saturation shape
State；
(3) the reinforced concrete structure sample of saturation is placed in the electrolytic cell added with electrolyte solution, in electrolytic cell
Purity is inserted for 98% titanium mesh plate does anode and connects positive source, while reinforcing bar is connect into power cathode；
At (4) 20 DEG C, additional 1A/m2Electric field, be powered after 24 hours, measure the dry water suction of saturation plane of concrete sample
Rate and infiltration coefficient, its value are respectively 3.4% and 36.5 × 10-10cm·s-1, before untreated, the dry water absorption rate of saturation plane
38.2% is reduced, infiltration coefficient reduces 65.2%.
Embodiment 2
(1) electrolyte is prepared：0.6mol/L KOH, 0.2mol/L NaOH and 0.001mol/L Ca (OH)2Mixing it is molten
Liquid, adds 0.5% tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride；
(2) reinforced concrete structure sample is soaked in electrolyte, reinforced concrete structure sample is reached saturation shape
State；
(3) the reinforced concrete structure sample of saturation is placed in the electrolytic cell added with electrolyte solution, in electrolytic cell
Purity is inserted for 98% titanium mesh plate does anode and connects positive source, while reinforcing bar is connect into power cathode；
At (4) 20 DEG C, additional 1A/m2Electric field, be powered after 12 hours, measure the dry water suction of saturation plane of concrete sample
Rate and infiltration coefficient, its value are respectively 2.5% and 18.8 × 10-10cm·s-1, before untreated, the dry water absorption rate of saturation plane
54.5% is reduced, infiltration coefficient reduces 82.1%.
Embodiment 3
(1) electrolyte is prepared：0.02mol/L NaOH solutions, add 0.05% tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride；
(2) reinforced concrete structure sample is soaked in electrolyte, reinforced concrete structure sample is reached saturation shape
State；
(3) the reinforced concrete structure sample of saturation is placed in the electrolytic cell added with electrolyte solution, in electrolytic cell
Purity is inserted for 98% titanium mesh plate does anode and connects positive source, while reinforcing bar is connect into power cathode；
At (4) 20 DEG C, additional 3A/m2Electric field, be powered after 8 hours, measure the dry water suction of saturation plane of concrete sample
Rate and infiltration coefficient, its value are respectively 3.0% and 30.7 × 10-10cm·s-1, before untreated, the dry water absorption rate of saturation plane
45.5% is reduced, infiltration coefficient reduces 70.7%.
Embodiment 4
(1) electrolyte is prepared：0.6mol/L KOH, 0.2mol/L NaOH and 0.001mol/L Ca (OH)2Mixing it is molten
Liquid, adds 0.05% modified cation polyacrylamide
(2) reinforced concrete structure sample is soaked in electrolyte, reinforced concrete structure sample is reached saturation shape
State；
(3) the reinforced concrete structure sample of saturation is placed in the electrolytic cell added with electrolyte solution, in electrolytic cell
Purity is inserted for 98% titanium mesh plate does anode and connects positive source, while reinforcing bar is connect into power cathode；
At (4) 20 DEG C, additional 1A/m2Electric field, be powered after 24 hours, measure the dry water suction of saturation plane of concrete sample
Rate and infiltration coefficient, its value are respectively 3.2% and 34.1 × 10-10cm·s-1, before untreated, the dry water absorption rate of saturation plane
38.2% is reduced, infiltration coefficient reduces 65.2%.
Embodiment 5
(1) electrolyte is prepared：0.2mol/L NaOH solutions, add 1% modified cation polyacrylamide；
(2) reinforced concrete structure sample is soaked in electrolyte, reinforced concrete structure sample is reached saturation shape
State；
(3) the reinforced concrete structure sample of saturation is placed in the electrolytic cell added with electrolyte solution, in electrolytic cell
Purity is inserted for 98% titanium mesh plate does anode and connects positive source, while reinforcing bar is connect into power cathode；
At (4) 20 DEG C, additional 2A/m2Electric field, be powered after 12 hours, measure the dry water suction of saturation plane of concrete sample
Rate and infiltration coefficient, its value are respectively 2.2% and 15.3 × 10-10cm·s-1, before untreated, the dry water absorption rate of saturation plane
60.0% is reduced, infiltration coefficient reduces 85.4%.
Embodiment 6
(1) electrolyte is prepared：0.2mol/L NaOH solutions, add 0.5% modified cation polyacrylamide
(2) reinforced concrete structure sample is soaked in electrolyte, reinforced concrete structure sample is reached saturation shape
State；
(3) the reinforced concrete structure sample of saturation is placed in the electrolytic cell added with electrolyte solution, in electrolytic cell
Purity is inserted for 98% titanium mesh plate does anode and connects positive source, while reinforcing bar is connect into power cathode；
At (4) 20 DEG C, additional 3A/m2Electric field, be powered after 8 hours, measure the dry water suction of saturation plane of concrete sample
Rate and infiltration coefficient, its value are respectively 2.7% and 22.4 × 10-10cm·s-1, before untreated, the dry water absorption rate of saturation plane
50.9% is reduced, infiltration coefficient reduces 78.5%.
The result of the test of above-described embodiment 1~6 is listed as follows
As can be seen that preparing concrete using electrochemical method provided by the present invention, can effectively reduce, concrete
The dry water absorption rate of saturation plane and infiltration coefficient.Especially in 0.2mol/L NaOH solutions, 1% modified cation polypropylene is added
Acid amides, and current density is 2A/m2Under conditions of, its water absorption rate reduces 60.0%, and infiltration coefficient reduces 85.4%.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of electrochemical preparation method of surface hydrophobic concrete, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A, concrete alkalescence hole solution in add carry hydrophobic group organic compound, be obtained electrolyte solution；
B, reinforced concrete structure sample is soaked in electrolyte solution obtained in step a, makes reinforced concrete structure sample
Reach saturation state；
C, the reinforced concrete structure sample of saturation is placed in added with the electrolytic cell of electrolyte solution obtained in step a, in electricity
Anode is set in solution groove and positive source is connect, while reinforcing bar is connect into power cathode；
D, at a temperature of 0~40 DEG C, apply 1A/m2~3A/m2Extra electric field be electrochemically reacted；
Organic compound with hydrophobic group described in step a is that tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride or modified cation polyacrylamide are molten
One kind in liquid.
2. the electrochemical preparation method of surface hydrophobic concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described in step a
Alkaline hole solution is the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.02-0.2mol/L；
Or the mixed solution of potassium hydroxide, NaOH and calcium hydroxide, the wherein concentration of potassium hydroxide is 0.6mol/L, hydrogen-oxygen
Change the concentration of sodium for the concentration of 0.2mol/L, calcium hydroxide is 0.001mol/L.
3. the electrochemical preparation method of surface hydrophobic concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step a, electrolysis
Organic compound content is 0.05%~1% in matter solution.
4. the electrochemical preparation method of surface hydrophobic concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Carried out in step b
The time of immersion is 24~48h.
5. the electrochemical preparation method of surface hydrophobic concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described in step c
Anode material is graphite, platinum, gold or titanium.
6. the electrochemical preparation method of surface hydrophobic concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Carried out in step d
The time of electrochemical reaction is 8~24h.
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| CN106518158B (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2018-08-14 | 河海大学 | A method of improving silane penetration depth in concrete |
| CN106630794A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-10 | 阜阳市华顺水泥制品有限公司 | Hydrophobic group-containing Anti-corrosion reinforced concrete water discharge pipe and preparation method thereof |
| CN109437967B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2021-10-15 | 河海大学 | Preparation method of nano-silica dense concrete |
| CN111410558B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-07 | 河海大学 | Electrodeposition liquid for repairing concrete structure crack and application method thereof |
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| CN101367633B (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2011-11-30 | 武汉大学 | Intelligent shrinkage reducing agent for concrete, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102627473B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-07-24 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Device and method for repairing concrete structure damaged by salt through two-step process |
| CN102849976B (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2014-01-22 | 江苏博特新材料有限公司 | Additive capable of improving durability of steam-cured concrete, and concrete coarse aggregate treated thereby |
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| 用于混凝土中钢筋腐蚀监测的固态Ag/AgCl参比电极的制作及其性能;高国富 等;《材料保护》;20150131;第48卷(第1期);第27-29页 * |
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