WO2018077879A1 - Appareil de lecture pour un système rfid, module de mise à niveau pour un appareil de lecture rfid et procédé de lecture d'un transpondeur rfid - Google Patents

Appareil de lecture pour un système rfid, module de mise à niveau pour un appareil de lecture rfid et procédé de lecture d'un transpondeur rfid Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018077879A1
WO2018077879A1 PCT/EP2017/077166 EP2017077166W WO2018077879A1 WO 2018077879 A1 WO2018077879 A1 WO 2018077879A1 EP 2017077166 W EP2017077166 W EP 2017077166W WO 2018077879 A1 WO2018077879 A1 WO 2018077879A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
reader
antennas
phase
signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/077166
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Suckrow
Original Assignee
Wilhelm Sihn Jr. Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wilhelm Sihn Jr. Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Wilhelm Sihn Jr. Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2018077879A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018077879A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
    • G06K7/10356—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers using a plurality of antennas, e.g. configurations including means to resolve interference between the plurality of antennas

Definitions

  • Reader for an RFID system, retrofit module for an RFID reader and method for reading out an RFID transponder
  • the invention relates to a reader for an RFID system, a retrofit module for an RFID reader and a method for reading an RFID transponder.
  • a reader with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 10 2006 053 987 A1.
  • RFID Radio Frequency Identification
  • An RFID system consists of a reading device (reader), one or more antenna modules and a readable by the reader disk, which is designed as a transponder.
  • a typical RFID transponder has a coupling antenna, an analog circuit for receiving and transmitting high-frequency signals, a digital circuit and a memory, wherein the analog circuit, the digital circuit and the memory are located on an electronic microchip.
  • an antenna generates an electromagnetic field which receives the coupling antenna of the transponder. This creates an induction current in the coupling antenna, which activates the microchip of the transponder.
  • a passive transponder a capacitor is charged by the induced current, which supplies the microchip with power. With an active transponder, the microchip is activated by the current induced in the coupling antenna and then supplied with power by a built-in battery.
  • the range of an RFID system depends on the frequency with which it is operated. Depending on the application and supplier, RFID systems are operated on frequencies between 125 KHz and 5.8 GHz. The range increases with the frequency. In the range of very high frequencies of more than 100 MHz up to the gigahertz range, passive transponders achieve ranges of a few meters to a few tens of meters and, with the use of active transponders, even more. Such long-range systems are referred to as long-range RFID systems. Above all, the present invention is concerned.
  • the reader of a long-range RFID system contains a high-frequency module with which both high-frequency signals are transmitted and signals reflected at the transponder are received.
  • the energy exchange or signal exchange between the transponder and the reading device takes place via the coupling antenna of the transponder and via a transmitting / receiving antenna connected to the reading device.
  • a stored in the microchip of the transponder code controls the energy exchange between the coupling antenna and the microchip of the transponder by load modulation.
  • the transmission of the information stored digitally in the microchip of the transponder is effected by modulation of the reflected signal resulting from the fact that the code stored in the microchip changes the impedance of the microchip according to a timing scheme determined by the stored code between the states absorption and reflection leaves.
  • the reader reads the information based on the transmitted clock signal with the reflected signal.
  • RFID systems are used in production for the control and monitoring of production processes, in logistics for the control and monitoring of goods flows, and in warehousing for controlling the inventory and its changes.
  • identification of goods that are not isolated, but in the crowd, z. B. be delivered on pallets, it is difficult to capture all objects.
  • the detection rate varies greatly when identifying goods on pallets. Under very unfavorable circumstances, it can even happen that no recording is possible at all.
  • a lower coverage rate may be acceptable if it is only a matter of determining the nature of a product on a pallet, not its quantity. Basically, however, the goal is to fully capture items that are delivered in the pulk. You have to deal with the following difficulties:
  • the energy transfer between the reader and the transponder follows the laws of electromagnetic wave propagation.
  • the radiation and the reception take place via antennas.
  • the information to be received by the reading device lies in the signal reflected on the transponder.
  • the signal reflected at the transponder is amplitude-modulated due to the clocked load modulation.
  • the modulation frequency is typically 200 kHz.
  • the load modulation produces spectral signal components that are located in the sidebands form next to the frequency band of the transmission signal of the reader.
  • the sideband contains the information which the reader is to receive and read. Naturally, the power transmitted in the sideband is significantly smaller than that of the original unmodulated transmit signal.
  • the signal strength in the vicinity of an antenna decreases very sharply with increasing distance. This applies to the signal sent by the reader as well as to the signal reflected by the transponder.
  • the signal returning to the reader as a result of reflection at the transponder has covered twice the distance between the reader and the transponder.
  • the reader therefore receives only a small portion of the originally transmitted energy with the signal coming back from the transponder. This is called field damping.
  • the coupling antenna on a transponder can only be very small in relation to the wavelength of the useful signal to be transmitted. Accordingly, their effective area is also small, and therefore the part of the energy which the coupling antenna can extract and reflect from the field of the transmitting / receiving antenna is small. This is called the reflection attenuation.
  • the present invention has for its object to show a way, as under the described adversities in the use of RFID systems whose detection rate can be increased.
  • the present invention utilizes two or more antennas connected to a reader to generate radio signals having different radiation patterns. In this way, the influence of interference interference during reading RFI D transponders can be reduced since any interference due to reflections and the like depends on the respective radiation pattern.
  • the radio signals are generated with different emission characteristics, the chance increases that in at least one case sufficiently favorable conditions for the reception of a response signal of a transponder are present.
  • radio signals with different emission characteristics and radiation diagrams are generated by several antennas transmitting the radio signals one after the other. Due to the different position of the individual antennas, the radio signals then each have different emission characteristics.
  • the present invention makes it possible with two or more antennas to produce a greater variation of the emission states, for example radiation patterns and emission characteristics, so that correspondingly greater chances exist of reading out an RFID transponder. According to the invention, this is achieved by connecting antennas successively additively and subtractively via corresponding circuit elements. In an additive combination, two or more antennas receive in the same way a transmission signal generated by a reading device, which they then emit as a radio signal. At the individual antennas, the transmission signal then practically always has the same phase.
  • the transmission signals at the individual antennas are not in phase, so that when interference is superimposed on the radio signals emitted by the individual antennas, a different interference pattern and thus a different radiation pattern results than with an additive combination.
  • a subtractive connection of a first and a second antenna can be achieved by supplying a transmission signal generated by the reading device to the first antenna via a phase element and feeding it to the second antenna past the phase element.
  • the phase element causes the first antenna to receive the transmission signal in antiphase relative to the second antenna.
  • Such a phase element can be designed, for example, as a delay line or as a reverse transformer. Both methods cause a phase shift of half a period or 180 °.
  • the antenna is supplied with the transmission signal generated by the reading device via a power divider.
  • the phase element becomes disabled or bypassed.
  • the transmission signal then reaches the two antennas in the same way, ie in phase.
  • a reading device thus contains a phase element and a switching device which effects an additive connection in a first switching state, ie deactivates or bypasses the phase element, and effects a subtractive connection in a second switching state, ie feeds the transmission signal to the first antenna via the phase element
  • the present invention is also suitable for retrofitting existing RFID systems by connecting a retrofit module on the one hand to a conventional reader and on the other hand to two or more antennas.
  • the retrofit module contains the phase element and the switching device, so that an additive and a subtractive coupling of a first and a second antenna are possible.
  • An advantageous development of the invention provides that in a read operation additionally at least one of the antennas individually emits the transmission signal as a radio signal.
  • the first antenna singly, the second antenna singly, the first and second antennas additive, and the first and second antennas subtractive can be used to generate four different radiation patterns. It can also be used a larger number of antennas, so that there are an even greater number of ways to addively or subtractively link the antennas or a part of the existing antennas.
  • a further advantageous development of the invention provides that the switching device is controlled by a control circuit which synchronizes the switching device with the readings triggered by the reading device.
  • a feeder or decoupling device can be provided in a line leading from the reading device to the switching device, which decouples a part of the transmitted signal and transmits it to a control circuit which forms a control signal actuating the switching device from the decoupled part of the transmission signal.
  • the control circuit preferably contains a counter, for example a binary counter.
  • the control circuit can then actuate the switching device as a function of the count.
  • the switching device can be designed, for example, as a switching matrix, which assumes its switching states cyclically.
  • the switching device has a switching state in which a separate antenna is addressed, which may be part of a registration unit, for example a registration card.
  • the switching device preferably changes only by a special switching pulse.
  • objects freshly provided with RFID transponders can be detected and corresponding data records stored in a database.
  • a registration unit may, for example, be designed so that its antenna detects only objects which are supplied to it, for example, are stored in a registration tray.
  • the invention described above can work with any antenna, for example patch antennas or strip antennas.
  • the individual antennas can be polarized the same or differently.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an RFI D reader with an attached retrofit module and multiple antennas.
  • FIG 1 the invention using the example of a retrofit module 1 is explained, between a conventional RFI D reader 2 and a plurality of antennas 3, 4th connected. 1, the antenna output of the RFI D reader 2 is connected to a reader terminal of the retrofit module 1 and the antennas 3, 4 are connected to antenna terminals of the retrofit module 1.
  • the retrofit module 1 can have its own housing. But it is also possible to integrate the below-explained content of the retrofit module 1 in an RFID reader.
  • the retrofit module 1 includes a switching device 5, which may be formed, for example, as a switching matrix.
  • a switching matrix is sometimes referred to as a switch matrix.
  • the switching device 5 has in the illustrated embodiment, four switching states, but may also have a correspondingly larger number of switching states in a larger number of antennas.
  • the switching device 5 transmits a transmission signal generated by the RFID reader 2 only as a signal S1 to the first antenna 3.
  • the switching device 5 supplies a transmission signal generated by the RFID reading device 2 only to the second antenna 4, which is shown as a signal S2 in FIG.
  • the switching device 5 supplies the transmission signal generated by the RFID reader 2 to both the first antenna 3 and the second antenna 4. In this switching state, the two antennas 3 and 4 are thus additively linked.
  • This switching state is shown in FIG. 1 as S1 + S2.
  • the switching device 5 links the two antennas 3, 4 by subtraction, which is shown in FIG. 1 as S1-S2.
  • the transmission signal generated by the RFID reader 2 of the second antenna 4 is fed via a not shown phase element, which compared to the signal path of the transmission signal to the first antenna 3, a delay by half a period the carrier frequency with which signals are sent from and to a transponder of the RFID system causes.
  • the transmission signal is at the antennas 3, 4 so in opposite phases.
  • the transmission signal at the second antenna 4 is compared to the transmission signal at the first antenna.
  • the switching device 5 is controlled by means of a control circuit 6.
  • the control circuit generates a clock signal for actuating the cyclically operating switching device 5, so that the switching states of the switching device 5 are passed through in succession.
  • the control circuit 6 is supplied via a branch or Auskuppel raised a part of the transmission signal generated by the RFID reader 2 and the switching device 5 is fed. The control circuit 6 can thus synchronize the switching device 5 with the readings triggered by the RFID reader 2.
  • a decoupled part of the transmission signal is used as a synchronization signal for the switching device 5 to be controlled.
  • the actual switching of the switching device 5 can be made in a transmission pause between two transmission signals.
  • the control circuit 6 may include a trigger 7 and a counter 8, for example a binary counter.
  • the trigger 7 continuously monitors the signal level of the coupled-out portion of the transmit signal and generates a pulse or voltage level in response to the signal level, for example, as soon as the signal level falls below a predetermined threshold. In this way, the control circuit 6 can detect when a reading process triggered by the RFID reader 2 is over.
  • the pulse or signal level then generated by the trigger 7 is detected by the counter 8, which then causes the switching device 5 to change their switching state. In this way, the switching device 5 can change its switching state in each case between read operations, so that in successive read operations, in the example shown four Read operations, each have different emission characteristics and thus different areas are illuminated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil de lecture pour un système RFID en liaison avec une pluralité d'antennes (3, 4), auxquelles l'appareil de lecture (2) transmet un signal d'émission, lequel est émis par les antennes (3, 4) en tant qu'un signal sans fil. La présente invention concerne en outre : un élément de phase, lequel, lorsqu'un signal d'émission le traverse, entraîne une rotation de phase d'une demi-période d'une fréquence porteuse, au moyen de laquelle les signaux sont émis à partir et à un transpondeur du système RFID ; et un dispositif de commutation (5), lequel, dans un premier état de commutation, conduit un signal d'émission généré par l'appareil de lecture (2), à l'aide de l'élément de phase, à une première antenne (3) et, lorsque ledit signal est passé par l'élément de phase, à une deuxième antenne (4) de telle sorte que la première antenne (3) et la deuxième antenne (4) émettent le signal radio en opposition de phase et, dans un deuxième état de commutation, l'élément de phase ponte ou désactive de telle sorte qu'un signal généré par l'appareil de lecture (2) est affecté par l'élément de phase à la première antenne (3) et à la deuxième antenne (4) et que la première antenne (3) ainsi que la deuxième antenne (4) émettent le signal radio en phase. L'invention concerne en outre un module de mise à niveau correspondant pour un système RFID et un procédé de lecture de transpondeurs RFID.
PCT/EP2017/077166 2016-10-31 2017-10-24 Appareil de lecture pour un système rfid, module de mise à niveau pour un appareil de lecture rfid et procédé de lecture d'un transpondeur rfid WO2018077879A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016120770.5A DE102016120770A1 (de) 2016-10-31 2016-10-31 Lesegerät für ein RFID-System, Nachrüstmodul für ein RFID-Lesegerät und Verfahren zum Auslesen eines RFID-Transponders
DE102016120770.5 2016-10-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018077879A1 true WO2018077879A1 (fr) 2018-05-03

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PCT/EP2017/077166 WO2018077879A1 (fr) 2016-10-31 2017-10-24 Appareil de lecture pour un système rfid, module de mise à niveau pour un appareil de lecture rfid et procédé de lecture d'un transpondeur rfid

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DE (1) DE102016120770A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018077879A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1619750A1 (fr) * 2004-07-22 2006-01-25 Feig Electronic GmbH Dispositif d'antenne pour un système RFID
DE102006053987A1 (de) 2006-09-01 2008-03-13 Wilhelm Sihn Jr. Gmbh & Co. Kg Lesegerät in Verbindung mit wenigstens einer Antenne für ein RFID-System und Verwendung eines Antennenmoduls in einem RFID-System
US20150072629A1 (en) * 2013-09-10 2015-03-12 Broadcom Corporation Wireless communication device front end and distributed antenna system
US20150154430A1 (en) * 2008-01-30 2015-06-04 Mark H. Smith Array antenna system and algorithm applicable to rfid readers

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1619750A1 (fr) * 2004-07-22 2006-01-25 Feig Electronic GmbH Dispositif d'antenne pour un système RFID
DE102006053987A1 (de) 2006-09-01 2008-03-13 Wilhelm Sihn Jr. Gmbh & Co. Kg Lesegerät in Verbindung mit wenigstens einer Antenne für ein RFID-System und Verwendung eines Antennenmoduls in einem RFID-System
US20150154430A1 (en) * 2008-01-30 2015-06-04 Mark H. Smith Array antenna system and algorithm applicable to rfid readers
US20150072629A1 (en) * 2013-09-10 2015-03-12 Broadcom Corporation Wireless communication device front end and distributed antenna system

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