WO2018076549A1 - 壁挂式或假壁挂式两池分立坐便器 - Google Patents

壁挂式或假壁挂式两池分立坐便器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076549A1
WO2018076549A1 PCT/CN2017/000641 CN2017000641W WO2018076549A1 WO 2018076549 A1 WO2018076549 A1 WO 2018076549A1 CN 2017000641 W CN2017000641 W CN 2017000641W WO 2018076549 A1 WO2018076549 A1 WO 2018076549A1
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Prior art keywords
toilet
wall
seat
folding
folding chair
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PCT/CN2017/000641
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋景秀
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宋景秀
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Publication of WO2018076549A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018076549A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
    • E03D11/13—Parts or details of bowls; Special adaptations of pipe joints or couplings for use with bowls, e.g. provisions in bowl construction preventing backflow of waste-water from the bowl in the flushing pipe or cistern, provisions for a secondary flushing, for noise-reducing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/04—Room closets; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets, e.g. night chairs ; Closets for children, also with signalling means, e.g. with a music box, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K17/00—Other equipment, e.g. separate apparatus for deodorising, disinfecting or cleaning devices without flushing for toilet bowls, seats or covers; Holders for toilet brushes
    • A47K17/02—Body supports, other than seats, for closets, e.g. handles, back-rests, foot-rests; Accessories for closets, e.g. reading tables
    • A47K17/022—Wall mounted grab bars or handles, with or without support on the floor
    • A47K17/024—Wall mounted grab bars or handles, with or without support on the floor pivotally mounted on the wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
    • E03D11/02—Water-closet bowls ; Bowls with a double odour seal optionally with provisions for a good siphonic action; siphons as part of the bowl
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
    • E03D11/13—Parts or details of bowls; Special adaptations of pipe joints or couplings for use with bowls, e.g. provisions in bowl construction preventing backflow of waste-water from the bowl in the flushing pipe or cistern, provisions for a secondary flushing, for noise-reducing
    • E03D11/135—Supports for bowls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
    • E03D11/13—Parts or details of bowls; Special adaptations of pipe joints or couplings for use with bowls, e.g. provisions in bowl construction preventing backflow of waste-water from the bowl in the flushing pipe or cistern, provisions for a secondary flushing, for noise-reducing
    • E03D11/14—Means for connecting the bowl to the wall, e.g. to a wall outlet
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
    • E03D11/13—Parts or details of bowls; Special adaptations of pipe joints or couplings for use with bowls, e.g. provisions in bowl construction preventing backflow of waste-water from the bowl in the flushing pipe or cistern, provisions for a secondary flushing, for noise-reducing
    • E03D11/14—Means for connecting the bowl to the wall, e.g. to a wall outlet
    • E03D11/143—Mounting frames for toilets and urinals
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D13/00—Urinals ; Means for connecting the urinal to the flushing pipe and the wastepipe; Splashing shields for urinals
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D13/00—Urinals ; Means for connecting the urinal to the flushing pipe and the wastepipe; Splashing shields for urinals
    • E03D13/005—Accessories specially adapted for urinals
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D13/00—Urinals ; Means for connecting the urinal to the flushing pipe and the wastepipe; Splashing shields for urinals
    • E03D13/007—Waterless or low-flush urinals; Accessories therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D5/00—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
    • E03D5/02—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated mechanically or hydraulically (or pneumatically) also details such as push buttons, levers and pull-card therefor
    • E03D5/09—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated mechanically or hydraulically (or pneumatically) also details such as push buttons, levers and pull-card therefor directly by the hand
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D9/00—Sanitary or other accessories for lavatories ; Devices for cleaning or disinfecting the toilet room or the toilet bowl; Devices for eliminating smells
    • E03D9/08—Devices in the bowl producing upwardly-directed sprays; Modifications of the bowl for use with such devices ; Bidets; Combinations of bowls with urinals or bidets; Hot-air or other devices mounted in or on the bowl, urinal or bidet for cleaning or disinfecting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D9/00—Sanitary or other accessories for lavatories ; Devices for cleaning or disinfecting the toilet room or the toilet bowl; Devices for eliminating smells
    • E03D9/08—Devices in the bowl producing upwardly-directed sprays; Modifications of the bowl for use with such devices ; Bidets; Combinations of bowls with urinals or bidets; Hot-air or other devices mounted in or on the bowl, urinal or bidet for cleaning or disinfecting
    • E03D9/085—Hand-held spray heads for bidet use or for cleaning the bowl

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of sanitary ware, relates to a toilet bowl, and particularly relates to a two-cell separated wall-mounted or false wall-mounted toilet.
  • the toilet was first invented by the British and has been around for hundreds of years. The earlier toilet was made up of two parts: the chair and the toilet. After several hundred years of development, the chair disappeared. Its function was replaced by a ceramic toilet and integrated with the water tank. It is a common ceramic toilet today. (pump toilet). It can be seen from the above that since the ceramic flush toilet can not install the handrail at all, the only safety measure that has some effect on the old and the weak is also abandoned. This evolutionary process is not necessarily the development of human technology. It is obviously caused by the preference of gorgeous ceramics. This toilet is easy to use and good for healthy adults, but it is limited when used. The inconvenience of existing toilets is mainly reflected in the following two aspects. It is only applicable to some people (healthy adults) at all times.
  • Some groups of people are not suitable or can not be used safely, such as preschool children and old people. Many people in the weak and sick population; all people in some time and space can not be used, such as water-stopping or water-deficient areas, and the toilet itself cannot provide any remedy that basically meets the public health standards, which makes the above The troubles are more serious, that is to say, the trouble it brings us is not less than the convenience it brings.
  • the present invention designs a two-cell split wall-mounted or false wall-mounted toilet; in fact, the toilet can be regarded as a two-part toilet and a toilet, which respectively take a safe and comfortable seat and The task of discharging human excrement into the sewer in a manner consistent with hygienic standards; the technical solution of the present invention is opposite to the development of the conventional toilet technology, which strengthens the components of the safety seat as much as possible, and at the same time, the toilet is the component of the toilet.
  • the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is: two-cell discrete wall-mounted or false wall-mounted toilet, and the false wall hanging refers to a wall hanging;
  • the toilet of the present invention is mainly composed of a wall hanging or a fake wall hanging toilet seat and a wall hanging or a false wall hanging.
  • the two-cell split toilet is composed of two parts of the toilet; the key is to design the method of separating the wall-mounted or false wall-mounted toilets based on the principle of strengthening the seat as much as possible and simplifying the toilet.
  • the wall hanging or false wall hanging toilet seat portion of the present invention mainly comprises a balanced base 8 extending forward, two or more legs (9) fixedly connected to the wall at the rear, and different heights of the upper part of the leg.
  • the balance base 8 can balance the torsional moment generated by the entire toilet seat and its load, and can serve as a cover for closely separating the toilet from the septic tank in the water-deficient rural area.
  • the array roller on the frame 3 cooperates with the guide rail to roll, so that the folding chair has a degree of freedom of moving tens of centimeters to one side; this can be convenient for the injured person who cannot kneel to sit and clean afterwards.
  • the folding frame 3 can also be equipped with a safety armrest 5 and a safety belt. This will mainly improve the safety of patients and elderly who do not have self-sustainability and take over and bathe.
  • the folding chair frame is equipped with a foldable commode chair, and the toilet seat surface 2 should be expanded by a shirring technique.
  • the technical solution of expanding the surface and shrinking seam is to enlarge the sitting surface and reduce the technology of the middle seam; the length of the hole in the existing toilet seat cushion is about 31cm and the width is about 22cm.
  • the width is narrowed to 8 to 12 cm, making it a rectangular or rear-trapped trapezoidal mid-slit, and the remaining area is converted into a sitting surface (see Figure 4); not only is it more comfortable for adults, but the scope of application can be extended to just Learn to run children. This technique is applicable to all toilet containers of the prior art.
  • the commode 2 can also be constructed according to the adult skeletal structure (ischia), and the ergonomic symmetrical recess design on both sides of the middle seam; thus, the comfort level can be improved whether the adult or the child is in use.
  • the two-cell discrete technical solution in the wall-mounted or false wall-mounted two-cell toilet (ie toilet) portion of the present invention is different from the prior art toilet and toilet sharing pool; it is divided into two, respectively, a stool pool and Urinal pool; unlike some animals, there is only one excretory opening.
  • Our human body has two excretory outlets, which are responsible for stool and urination tasks respectively;
  • the human body structure is divided into two, and inspired by this, the present invention designs a two-way split or two-pool discrete technical solution for allowing the two to continue to be shunted outside the human body for use by me.
  • the key is that, based on the principle of simplifying the toilet, as the external objective conditions change, a variety of corresponding wall or false wall hanging, two-pool discrete toilet implementation design methods can be designed. It can bring multi-layered benefits; firstly, the volume and weight of the whole toilet can be greatly reduced, resulting in a small amount of freedom of movement of the toilet, which brings space saving and water saving, so that no water is needed (see the embodiment for details). 4) In this case statement, the scope of the toilet that basically meets the public health standards can be extended to extremely water-deficient areas.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a wall-mounted toilet of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a false wall-mounted toilet according to the present invention.
  • 1 represents a urinal pool
  • 2 represents a toilet seat
  • 3 represents a folding chair frame
  • 4 represents a urinal
  • 5 represents an armrest
  • 6 represents a track
  • 7 represents a roller
  • 8 represents a balance base
  • 9 represents a leg
  • 10 represents a chute
  • 11 represents a diagonal brace
  • 12 represents a wall
  • 13 represents a bracket
  • 14 represents a slip ring
  • 15 represents a handle
  • 16 represents an upper water pipe
  • 17 a urinal water connection
  • 18 ureters
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a portion of the toilet according to Embodiment 4.
  • 301 and 302 represent two parts of a freely insertable clutch hinge, 303 represents a urinal open steel ring, 304 represents a handle, 305 represents a push-type valve, 306 represents an upper water pipe, 307 represents a urinal open steel ring, and 308 represents a ureter.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the toilet seat.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the toilet bowl according to Embodiment 5. (Metal skeleton plus metal skeleton part of plastic veneer structure)
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the self-contained folding chair according to Embodiment 5. (Except for the face of the plastic veneer, the rest are metal skeleton parts)
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hinge joint according to Embodiment 5.
  • Fig. 8, Fig. 9, and Fig. 10 are schematic views showing the structure of the independent folding chair according to Embodiment 6, wherein the rest are metal skeleton parts (the same applies hereinafter) except that the sitting surface is wooden.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a self-contained folding toilet seat having a single-sided armrest and a self-folding toilet surface according to Embodiment 7.
  • FIG 12 and 13 are schematic views showing the structure of the bathing chamber of the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a ball type toilet made in conjunction with the toilet according to Embodiment 9.
  • embodiments 1 and 2 respectively describe a false wall hanging toilet seat and a wall hanging toilet seat
  • embodiments 3 and 4 respectively state two types of two-pool toilets suitable for urban and water-deficient villages.
  • Embodiments 1, 2, and 3, 4 may be combined in pairs.
  • the false wall-mounted toilet seat mainly comprises a balance base 8, a leg 9, a rail 6, a roller 7, and a folding chair frame 3.
  • the previous part of the scroll wheel 7 has been described in detail in the description of the invention and will not be described again.
  • the folding chair frame 3 is provided with a backrest and a toilet seat surface 2, and the rear end of the toilet seat surface 2 is hinged with the folding chair frame 3, and the toilet seat surface 2 is supported by the limit pin and the folding chair frame 3 provided on the rear portion thereof.
  • the cooperation of the set limit baffle and the folding chair frame 3 form a locking fit structure to realize unfolding.
  • a sliding groove 10 is formed on both sides of the folding frame 3, and the rear end of the armrest 5 is hinged with the folding frame 3 at a suitable position.
  • the front end of the armrest 5 is hinged with the upper end of the diagonal brace 11, and the lower end of the diagonal brace 11 can be in the chute 10 slides up and down.
  • the armrest 5 is held up and in a horizontal state.
  • the front end of the armrest is equipped with a magnet.
  • the armrest 5 is turned upside down, and the armrest 5 is adsorbed on the folding chair frame 3 by a magnet.
  • the method is also used to achieve stability.
  • the upper part of the folding chair frame can also be screwed to the safety belt, the infusion pylon, the shower head bracket, and the like.
  • the wall-mounted commode chair can be used to unbalance the base 8 and the leg 9 when the outside conditions permit, and directly fix the rail 6 on the wall. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • Two-cell discrete wall-mounted toilets suitable for use in cities mainly including brackets 13, urinals 1, handles 15, urinals 4, separate wall-mounted water tanks or metering valves.
  • the bracket 13 is fixed to the leg 9 or the wall 12 at a corresponding position; the urinal pool 1 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 13, and the urinal pool 1 is still made of ceramic material, has a truncated funnel shape, and is connected with a S-shaped anti-bend.
  • the sewer is connected to the sewer; the flushing mechanism is arranged inside, and the water inlet is arranged at the upper part of the upper part, and is connected with the separate wall hanging water tank or the quantitative valve through the pipeline.
  • flushing methods of the prior art toilet can be applied, such as flushing Type, siphon flushing, siphon swirl, etc.; the upper mouth along the inner diameter of 14 cm and the outer diameter of 16 cm, can be easily used to dredge the sewer.
  • a slip ring 14 is disposed on the outer side of the upper portion of the urinal 1 and is fixedly connected to one end of the handle 15.
  • the handle can be 10 cm long, and the other end is connected to the open bead ring of the urinal 4, and the diameter can also be 15 cm;
  • the pool wall of the pool is a funnel shape made of plastic film.
  • the upper part of the pool and the open wire ring are bonded with a dry tape to form a urinal.
  • Such a urinal does not splash at all when urinating; the ureter is connected below the ureter, and the ureter is in the urinal S.
  • Connect the sewer to the drain add a valve before the access and also set the S-shaped anti-water bend.
  • the valve should be opened normally and should be closed when the sewer is dredged.
  • a push button valve is arranged in the handle 15, and a nozzle is arranged at one end of the urinal, and the water is separately connected.
  • the water supply hose 16 can be bundled up with the ureter 18, and the device is responsible for flushing the urinal.
  • the toilet in this example does not have obvious water saving when flushing stool (for details, see Example 4), but the effect of flushing the urination is obvious, and we only need to exceed 0.1 liter.
  • the other party needs 3 to 6 liters of water.
  • the toilet of the prior art can not use it at all when the water is stopped; the toilets of the embodiments 1, 2, and 3 of the present invention have a workaround that basically meets the public health standards when the water is stopped, to use it.
  • Make a stool you can find a common plastic bag, so that the mouth is placed on both sides of the narrowed toilet seat surface, sitting on the human hip, you can carry out the stool, and then the plastic bag mouth is placed properly. Wait until the water comes in and deal with it.
  • the toilet of the embodiment has a greatly simplified structure and greatly improved applicability. Can be great It can improve the sanitary conditions of rural areas without running water. Even in extremely water-deficient areas, places where there is no clean water to flush the toilets can be used.
  • the method is to concentrate the urine flushing of the urinals.
  • the toilet comprises a bracket formed by freely insertable clutch hinges (hinvers) 301 and 302, a toilet bowl, a handle, a urinal, and the like.
  • the upper opening of the toilet pool may be provided with a stainless steel ring 303 having a diameter of 15 cm and a suitable strength, and one end of the diameter of the steel ring is welded to one end of the handle 304 and one end of the pluggable clutch hinge 302;
  • One end 301 is fixedly attached to the leg or wall of the corresponding position.
  • the other end of the handle 304 is still fixedly attached to the urinal wire ring 307, which is substantially identical to the urinal of the embodiment 3 except that the ureter is inserted into the newly added urinal placed in the corner.
  • the wall of the stool is made of plastic (or rubber) film, and its shape is a truncated cone funnel with a diameter of slightly larger than 15 cm, a diameter of not less than 7 cm and a height of about 30 cm.
  • the upper part is made of dry tape and open steel ring.
  • the 303 is firmly bonded, and the lower layer is also fastened by the adhesive tape to the sewer; the height difference between the sewer opening and the opening above the toilet pool is between 10 and 15 cm, and the center distance between the two is 10 cm.
  • the brackets formed by the pluggable clutch hinges 301 and 302 can be rotated in the horizontal plane when being inserted, and have the freedom of movement up and down when being pulled out.
  • the plastic film cell wall is a fragile product, and its value is equivalent to a common plastic bag, which is not expensive and easy to replace.
  • the toilet in this example can be used for the city with a slight modification; for example, two valves are installed in the handle 304 of the toilet described in this example.
  • the hose 306 is connected to the water, the urinal opening steel ring 303 is replaced by an overflow ring connected to a valve for flushing the urinal; the other valve is connected to a nozzle facing the urinal, which is responsible for flushing the urinal
  • the ureter 308 is the same as the embodiment 3 and is connected to the sewer. In fact, with the changes in external conditions, the two-pool discrete toilets have many implementations that are objective and practical.
  • a kind of seat, a folding chair that can still stand alone after being folded and folded mainly comprising a stationary part composed of a bottom plate (or a balance base) and a rear leg and a backrest, and three armrests and a seat surface which can be linked and folded (or the toilet seat surface) and the movable part of the front leg are composed of two parts (see Figs.
  • the above parts of the seat (with) are on the side of the seat (1), (2 ), (3) (4), through the hinge as a joint (the other side is the same); its technical features also include the axis of the four points hinges at (1), (2), (3), (4)
  • the vertical projection of the heart is the quadrilateral of the vertices of the four corners, which should be a parallelogram, that is, the design must be equal to the opposite sides of the quadrilateral; in addition, the length of the balance base or the bottom plate must be designed to be long enough so that the legs of the front legs can be pressed against Balance the base or the bottom plate, otherwise the balance of the seat cannot be guaranteed to be stable (wall mounted and rear) Except when the legs are fixed on the ground foundation, the angle between the bottom plate or the balance base and the ground should be less than 45 degrees to prevent tripping when the pedestrian passes.
  • the hinge shown in Figure 7 relatively safer, and for metal-structured seats, except for the central axis
  • the other parts can be made by the punching process and the structural parts at the same time, so as to simplify the process; but the axis is usually in the middle of the structural parts such as the armrests, the front legs, etc., if the joints are placed directly in the seat When the handrail is at right angles to the front leg, the seat will not be completely folded when folded.
  • the solution is to adjust the other points at the same time to ensure that the quadrilateral opposite sides of the projection are equal.
  • a small section of the armrest made of a complete structural member, bypassing the aforementioned right-angle position, and then jointing the rest of the armrest, the seat folding and folding problem can be solved; (see Figure 5)
  • the armrest and a small front leg The problem of seat folding and folding can also be solved by making a complete structural member, bypassing the right-angle position, and then connecting the rest of the front leg by joints.
  • the spring is provided on one side of the seat (or both sides are provided), and the two ends of the spring are respectively fixed on the back of the rear leg and the edge of the back surface of the seat surface, and the elastic force generated when the seat surface is released is less than It is equal to the gravity of the seat that can be rotated and folded, that is, no one is assisted and does not gather; its torsion interval should be greater than ninety degrees, that is, after the seat is folded and folded, it still has residual elastic force, which achieves the effect of no help for the unmanned; This device prevents children who are playing here from being hurt.
  • the seat can be used not only as a seat on a false wall-hung toilet, but also to remove the toilet component in the schematic diagram 5, that is, a self-contained, stand-alone (stand alone) folding chair that is fully functional and parallel folded using the parallelogram rule (see schematic 6); its stability is mainly made by the hind legs, which is obtained by inserting into the sleeve which is integrated with the bottom plate (5); the hinges at (1), (2), (3) and (4) are hinges. Joints, (3) are ordinary hinges, and the other three are shown in Figure 7. Compared with the folding chairs of the prior art, the folding chair has two new advantages or functions. First, the armrest that can be folded in conjunction with the sitting surface and the front leg is added.
  • the folding chair can stand alone in the original. Ground.
  • the former significantly improves the friendliness of the folding chair, which is not much different for healthy people, but it is very different for many people in the old, weak and sick population; the latter can really save space or area, not only in the handling It saves space in the process or occasion of storage. It also saves space when it is necessary to sit and walk repeatedly.
  • the main purpose of the folding design is to save space, but because of its folding After being gathered, it is impossible to stand on its own and need to be stored separately. In fact, it saves space only in the occasion or process of handling and storage, and it is basically impossible to save when people need to sit and walk around repeatedly or in the process.
  • the two types of folding chairs of the prior art are not suitable; in addition, human beings are group animals, and the space and area are relatively scarce relative to the group of people, thus saving space for the seat. And the requirements of the area function are also always urgent and extensive; therefore, in this sense, it can basically be said that the freestanding folding chair of the present invention is Art seats generally replacement products (i.e. the seat is typically version 1.0, version 1.1 is common folding chairs, folding chairs on the freestanding version of the seat should be 2.0).
  • the backboard (by welding) is fixedly connected to the upper leg by the cross bracing, and the height difference between the two ends of the backrest (5) to the sitting surface is 20-26 cm, which is omitted as a space.
  • the back plate there is no need for the back plate, and the two ends correspond to the human waist (lumbar eye); the backrest conforms to the physiological characteristics of the human body, and is beneficial to the maintenance of the waist health of the human body.
  • Pressing the waist point through the two ends for 15-30 minutes can also cure the middle, Mild flashing waist (heavy flashing of large area pain still needs Chinese medicine massage treatment); in fact, to maintain the waist health of the human body, the back plate of all the seats should be prominently raised corresponding to the human waist and the lower part of the body can be canceled or After the collection.
  • the back of the toilet seat (6) is opposite to the anus and the urinal area of the human body.
  • the middle slit is 8-10 cm, and the middle slit is turned to 20 cm wide at the front 18 cm position, that is, the front width is narrow and the front is narrow; this design can be It is convenient for sitting and cleaning the buttocks;
  • the back of the seat is provided with a urinal flushing port (7), a urinal flushing nozzle (8) and (9), and a human hip washing gun (10), which are all passed through a hose and a door.
  • the door button can be installed on the rear cross member of the seat.
  • the rear of the rinsing gun (10) is connected with a water hose.
  • the gun is provided with a door-cut button.
  • the gun head is bent upwards at 90 degrees to the gun body.
  • the metal clip is mounted on the back of the chair.
  • the gun body is also covered with a spring and metal.
  • the clamp acts to retract the tip of the gun under the seat when not in use; the flushing gun can also be removed from the back of the seat to flush the toilet.
  • the cistern funnel (11) can be made of metal or plastic, 18-20 cm in diameter and 15 cm in height.
  • the lower joint is connected to a 5 to 10 cm long rubber hose, and then connected to a water pipe or a toilet pot.
  • the toilet can be used away from the toilet, such as a living room, etc.
  • the urinal (12) consists of a split ring, a shaped funnel-shaped plastic membrane wall and a ureter (inner diameter 0.5-1 cm plastic or rubber); ) connected to the urinal pool, can be flipped up 180 degrees on the urinal when not in use;
  • the split ring can be circled by a 2-2.5 cm wide metal sheet, and the outer lower side is welded with a wire;
  • the shaped funnel-shaped plastic film pool The wall is shaped like a disposable plastic film shoe cover (for hospital use), the mouth rubber band is tightened on the wire loop of the split ring, the front part is shallow, the back part is deep, and the ureter is connected at the deep
  • the hopper funnel is mounted on the back support of the seat through the bracket; a mechanical elastic sealer (14) is also mounted thereon instead of the water seal, which is shorted, framed, and moved by the rubber hose.
  • the spring and the frame are hinged, and the distal end of the frame and the moving frame, under the action of the spring force of the spring, jointly press the rubber short joint to close it to realize the sewer sealing;
  • the handbrake is installed behind the toilet seat
  • the back of the seat back is supported, and the connecting wire rope is connected to the middle of the distal end of the moving frame through the guiding wheel.
  • the user can reach the hand under the backrest, lift and lower the handle of the handbrake, and then operate the sealer to open and close.
  • the use of a water seal is a major obstacle to the conservation of water and the limited range of application of the conventional toilet.
  • the sealer has the following advantages: First, unlike the water seal and the general plug It seals on the outside of the fluid passage; second, it is tightly closed, and it is conservatively estimated to be more than 10,000 times higher than the water seal (the water seal has no obstructive effect on the spread of bacteria, and the smell in the sewer can also be dissolved by The water in the water seal is slowly released and introduced into the room; the sealer can also replace the water plug, in the connection of most water vessels (mainly where solids and liquids pass together) and the sewer, and water The seals are used in series and have good results.
  • the toilet is mainly composed of the above-mentioned independent seat (the device), the above two-pool toilet and the above-mentioned mechanical elastic sealer; it is friendly to various people, and the scope of application can be expanded from water to water shortage, no Water areas, including places without sewers.
  • Embodiment 6 has a foldable locked bottom plate or base, a slidable telescopic sitting surface, and a push-pull movable wall-mounted freestanding folding chair in a state of being slightly tilted backward.
  • the folding chair according to this example (Fig. 8) and (Fig. 9) is based on the aforementioned folding chair (or toilet seat), and an angle iron or an angle iron is added as a seat bracket on both sides of the seat.
  • Other metal objects (23); shaft ends are provided at both ends thereof, and the rear end passes through a short shaft (the short shaft end is replaced by a cap, and the other end is provided with a positioning hole, and is positioned by a positioning pin, the same below) to link the bobbin (22 ), constitutes the hinge (4); the yoke (long metal plate of the shaft hole) is welded or fastened to the rear leg by screws (such as wooden hind legs, the same below); the front end and the shaft on the front leg The holes are connected by a short axis to form a hinge (3); the armrests on both sides are connected to the rear leg and the front leg by a hinge (1) and a hinge (2) as shown in Fig.
  • the shaft linkage folding structure has at least three design forms that are separated from the sitting surface or the toilet surface of the linkage structure.
  • the independent flipping type is as shown in Fig. 11 (5), and the form of the seat bracket is fixed together.
  • Figure 10, 3 slidable telescopic; the usual seat, in order to make the human body close to the front of the table after sitting, often need to move the entire seat forward, before going forward and need to backward The movement, therefore, brings a lot of inconvenience; the self-contained folding chair with a slidable telescopic seat surface, in the same situation, only needs to slide the telescopic seat surface instead of the entire seat, so that not only the entrance, the sitting, the standing The seat is convenient for the user during use, and further saves space.
  • the iron metal objects (23) on the sides of the seat can be connected by long metal plates (18) together as a seat bracket to enhance the stability of the rotating part (the metal plate when used on the toilet seat ( 18) Can be canceled), the upper end surface of the angle iron on both sides is provided with an elongated hole (5), which is usually 20 to 25 cm in length, and is used as a slide rail and a front end (screw) nail ( 6) and rear stop (screw) nails (7) screwed on the wooden On the sitting surface (15); the distance between the front and rear nails is 5 to 10 cm, and the telescopic distance of the sitting surface is usually 15 to 20 cm.
  • the roller (17) is coaxial with the hinges (4) on both sides, and has a soft rubber tire thereon, and the upper end surface of the angle iron is cut off, so that when the weight of the load surface is only loaded, the upper end surface 1 of the angle iron can be higher than 2 mm, the purpose of this setting is to reduce the frictional resistance when the face is stretched.
  • a foldable bottom plate and a wheel assembly that allows the seat to travel.
  • the bottom plates on both sides there is a plug connector with a trapezoidal side on the side of Figure 10 (19).
  • the rear leg is welded or screwed with a metal wedge (20) with a triangular side. After plugging, the two are combined into one.
  • the cube with the same width and the same size as the inner wall of the rear leg square tube (shown inside the square tube in the circle of Fig. 10), the length of the plug joint should be greater than or equal to the larger of the inner wall width and thickness of the square tube. This arrangement ensures both seat stability and easy insertion and removal.
  • the left and right rear leg metal pipes are respectively provided with shaft holes at the upper position of the plugs after the plugs are inserted, and the shaft (11) passes through, the shaft has a cap at one end and a positioning hole at the other end, which can be inserted.
  • the left and right bottom plates (16) or the right and left rear leg positions of the base are respectively provided (by welding) one or a pair of yokes (8), but usually the circular shaft hole of the yoke has been changed into two segments Long and continuous long hook-shaped holes, that is, long hook-shaped shaft holes or shaft grooves (slides) composed of a main section (9) and a sub-section (10), the length of the main section of the shaft groove should be greater than or equal to The square root of the sum of the square of the length of the plug joint and the square root from the square of the outer length of the front wall of the hind leg, plus the diameter of the shaft; the length of the stub should be at least equal to the diameter of the short axis, the yoke (8) The length and width dimensions are adapted to the hook-shaped shaft groove; the short shaft (11) passes through the rear leg and the yoke and is positioned by the locating pin.
  • the plug connector When in use, the plug connector is inserted into the metal tube of the hind leg to realize the unfolded state of the bottom plate or the base, and can be seated; the plug connector is pulled out and bypassed the front wall of the metal tube of the hind leg, and the front end of the hand held bottom plate continues to be folded and folded, and finally The bottom plate is turned down, and the short axis enters the top of the shaft groove to realize the folding lock (so the lower plug connector also interferes with the front wall of the hind leg.
  • the length of the axial center of the slotted shaft from the bottom of the plug joint should be equal to the sum of the length of the plug joint and the outer diameter of the front wall of the rear leg metal tube; in fact, this value also determines the thickness of the entire seat after folding. Therefore, it is also restricted by the folded thickness of the four-axis linkage structure above it; the foldable bottom plate makes it easier to store and transport the freestanding folding chair, thereby also significantly improving the folding chair Applicability; in addition, the manufacturing materials of the seat are eclectic, and the materials for manufacturing the existing seat can be used. For example, if the rear leg is changed to wooden, the plug connector (19) can be changed to the same height. casing, Promoter (20) disposed therein upside down; without changing the other; landing surface and the base plate holder (or base) can be obtained by punching or forging process, can shorten the process, the quality is guaranteed.
  • the traveling mechanism of the folding chair is shown in FIG. 9.
  • the small wheel (13) is mounted on the rear protruding portion of the side frame of the seat adjacent to the bottom plate through the short shaft (14).
  • the outer diameter of the two sides of the wheel is smaller than the outer diameter.
  • a gasket equal to the thickness of the inner sleeve of the bearing, and the outer side of the yoke is fastened by a nut and a thread on the shaft. When in use, tilt the seat backwards and push the seat to walk. This device significantly improves the ease of use of the folding chair.
  • Figure 10 shows a self-supporting folding chair without armrests. It is based on the folding chair of the type shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, which is added below the seat surface on both sides of the seat.
  • a cross bracing (21) for hingedly linking the rear leg and the front leg at both ends is used to replace the armrests on both sides, and at the same time, the part of the front leg above the seat surface is cancelled; and the hind legs are hinged with the two ends respectively.
  • the parallelogram four-axis linkage folding structure is also formed; the seat surface can be fixed on the seat bracket by screws; or the above-mentioned sliding telescopic type, but in this case, the connection in FIG.
  • the cross braces of the front legs on both sides should be eliminated; this type of armorless folding chair also has a large scope of application.
  • a parallelogram four-axis linkage folding structure seat (or toilet seat) should also be expanded in four aspects, even if it can be established in four basic principle methods; Before and after the four hinges are connected or supported by the same member, the hinges on both sides must be concentric; if the same member is not connected, the hinges on both sides need not be concentric, and parallel is also possible. (as in the usual two sides of all forms of sitting The corresponding hinges on the brackets must be concentric, and the corresponding hinge axis lines between the armrests and the cross braces on both sides can be parallel; thus, the hinges on both sides of the seat may constitute two different parallelograms as shown in Fig. 11; In the bathing chamber of Fig.
  • the hinges on both sides can actually constitute three different parallelograms.
  • the interlocking folding structure of the seat of the following two conditions must also be established.
  • the turning edges must be equal and the oriented edges can be unequal.
  • the turning edge is the side corresponding to the armrest, the sitting surface and the cross bracing, which continuously turns during the folding process; the oriented edge is the side corresponding to the rear leg and the front leg, and the direction remains unchanged during the folding process. It is pointed out that many people will feel or think that the front legs of this structure will turn and lift during the folding process. In fact, it is not possible because the sides of the front and rear legs are parallel and the hind legs are not moving, that is, they do not turn.
  • the front legs must be consistent with the hind legs and do not turn; this may be one of the reasons why the seat of this structure has not been used for a long time.
  • the lateral braces in addition to the sitting surface, can also be fixedly connected by the cross braces, and if there is no (ie, cannot) fixed connection between the two front legs, the turning edges on both sides may not be equal.
  • Embodiment 7 A self-contained self-contained elderly or half-hearted patient who has a single-sided armrest and a self-folding toilet seat that can be folded in the living room.
  • the toilet seat in this example is the foundation of the toilet seat described in the previous example.
  • one of the improvements is to cancel either side armrests and sit Face bracket above the front leg part (for patient selection), below the seat surface, add a cross bracing (7), the front and rear ends of the front and rear legs are hinged by hinges (3) and hinges (4)
  • the canceled armrest and the hinge (1) and the hinge (2) together form a parallelogram structure; that is, the asymmetric toilet seat having the one-side armrest can be placed on the side of the bed for convenient patient movement.
  • the second improvement is that the folded toilet surface (5) can be flipped separately, and a long strip of metal or angle iron is added to the rear sides of the wooden toilet, and two side hinges are drawn on the rear metal plate.
  • the cross-support link between the two hind legs is ready; the sitting surface is convenient for the patient to cover the stool cover by himself to prevent the odor from overflowing, and the convenient service person can propose the stool to pour off the stool;
  • a commode chair with a foldable folding toilet seat can be placed in the living room for emergency needs.
  • Embodiment 8 A portable bathing chamber that can be used as an outdoor temporary toilet and can be kept warm without an additional heating source.
  • the bath is small
  • the chamber (see Figure 12) mainly adopts the heat transfer method of conduction, that is, through the shower head, the hot water that must be used when taking the bath is used as a heat source, and is sprayed into the enclosed space of the bath to heat the air; Under the premise of feeling uncomfortable, reduce the volume of the closed bathing space as much as possible (in fact, when the person is taking a bath, it does not need much space, as long as it can breathe fresh air);
  • the bathing room is simple and practical, and can completely replace the heating effect of various types of Yuba, comprehensively improve the above-mentioned deficiencies, and the heating effect is also better.
  • the bathing chamber is mainly composed of the above-mentioned freestanding foldable toilet seat and a top cover and a cover which are also a parallelogram structure; the top cover structure is inserted through the rear leg (16) and the front leg (15).
  • the connector (9) and the connector (10) are connected to the toilet seat. Due to the height limitation of the living room, the entire structure should not exceed 180 cm (the temporary toilet for outdoor use is not subject to this limit), and the minimum should not be lower than sitting.
  • the top of the human body is usually 110 cm; this is the height of the bathing chamber; the front and rear legs are extended upwards, and the two are supported at the top by a fixed connection with the pedestal and the hinges. As shown in Fig.
  • each of the eight hinges on both sides of the chamber forms three parallelogram structures from top to bottom, which allows them to be folded and released as a whole, for bathing, and can be folded and released separately.
  • the folding chair and the top cover are folded into two parts for easy transportation and storage;
  • the head of the internal plug of the connector (9) is shaped like a bullet, and the root is welded to the lower wall, the head
  • the upper part is 2 to 3 cm;
  • the inner pin of the connector (10) is welded to the lower wall, the length is 4 to 6 cm, the head is round, and the width is the same as the inner wall of the upper tube;
  • Face (6) is individually folded,
  • the burq is of a tarpaulin or a plastic film, as shown in Fig. 13.
  • the length and width of the hood are slightly larger than the size of the entire frame, but it is accommodated in the frame, and the upper part is fastened with a chain, and is connected to the upper part of the top structure.
  • the rear length is greater than the length of the previous seat surface, from top to bottom and covers the toilet surface until the ground; the front middle (or near one side) is slit, and the seam is provided with a sticky chain (or zipper) to open and close, the gown
  • the top side of the top and the top of the front center seam are also joined to the top cover frame by a glue chain; after bathing, the cover is pulled up over the front end of the top cover, and the top cover is folded, and the cover is hung on the wall.
  • the front of the gown is positioned with respect to the head and face when the bather is seated, and a sleeve-shaped passage of appropriate size (or a hole (17) with a blind inside) is provided to allow the head to be inspected for breathing (the interior of the space cannot be maintained)
  • a sleeve-shaped passage of appropriate size or a hole (17) with a blind inside
  • both sides and front of the smock on the height of the shoulder and elbow of the sitting person, and the knee can be provided with a sleeve-shaped passage, so that the service staff can help the elderly and the child to bathe, usually all the sleeves hang down inward; Supplies, clothing, including shower heads can also be transmitted through the inside and outside of the sleeve; 3 to 5 strong magnet discs are fixed around the shower head and behind the cover, which can be attached anywhere in the iron frame through the cover; in fact, the The bathing room is also portable.
  • Embodiment 9 A ball type toilet for use with the toilet.
  • the ball type used in conjunction with the toilet of the present invention can realize the above idea, which uses a common toy balloon to act as a hermetic film for closing the anus and applies pressure.
  • the balloon (2) is placed in a hemispherical rigid container (1), and the opening of the container is surrounded.
  • the mouth is provided, and the mouth can be carried on the narrow seam of the toilet seat (the slit and the prior art, because the upper opening of the toilet is required to be accommodated in the toilet), the intermediate opening of the toilet seat is acceptable.
  • An opening and a rubber stopper (3) are added to the anus of the human body above the balloon.
  • the length is 1.5 to 2.5 cm, and the diameter is 1 to 1.5 cm.
  • the two are fastened with a silk thread, and the balloon is closed.
  • the semi-spherical rigid container is connected with the short section of the human body by a short or a threaded joint, and the inside of the balloon and the mouth of the balloon are The wire is fastened, the outer head is connected with a plastic or rubber hose (5) of 30 to 40 cm long, and then the four-way pipe fitting (which can be composed of two three-way clamp short sections), the remaining three outlets, one of the gas gates and the injection Balloons (6) (both for existing sphygmomanometers), through which balloons are Pumping; the other two outlets are connected with the existing medical needle tube (7) and the needle tube (8) and the needle, respectively, through the rubber stopper and a soft and hard plastic tube (inner diameter of 1 to 2 mm).
  • the two thin tubes are led to the rubber stopper inside the balloon, and the soft tube and the needle base are placed on the rubber pad (4) above the rubber stopper (3), and the needle is connected in the balloon, which is responsible for injecting the dew;
  • the thin tube (which needs to be slightly resistant to negative pressure) needs to be pre-formed into a coil spring shape in the inner part of the balloon, so that it can be telescoped and guided to the rubber stopper, which is also connected to the needle inserted through the rubber stopper into the inside of the balloon, and the needle base is On the outer surface of the rubber stopper (3), a radially arranged groove is arranged around the outer surface of the base, which is responsible for sucking out the air in the anus; the inner end of the needle tube for inhaling, a rubber pad can be set as a single Use with the valve.
  • the balloon When using, first use the balloon to inflate the balloon. The amount of inflation is 4 to 60% of the volume of the hard hemispherical container. The rest is squeezed by the human body, so that the anus is seated on the rubber stopper on the balloon, and the aspirator is used to suck out the anus. Air, then use another needle to inject the open dew, repeatedly do the levator movement until it is convenient, drag it out.
  • the toilet should be suspended vertically for storage to avoid damage to the internal hard plastic tubing; the components that make up the toilet are prior art.

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Abstract

一种两池分立壁挂式或假壁挂式坐便器，包括平衡底座（8）、椅腿（9）、导轨（6）、滚轮（7）和折叠椅框（3），其中折叠椅框（3）内装有靠背和坐便椅面（2）；还包括两池分立的便器，包括托架（13）、大便池（1）、把手（15）、小便池（4）、分离式壁挂水箱或定量阀门。该坐便器可以让人人、在处处、在时时均能够安全舒适地使用，包括停水时也有基本合乎大众卫生标准的救急方式来使用。

Description

壁挂式或假壁挂式两池分立坐便器 技术领域
本发明属于卫浴技术领域，涉及到坐便器，具体涉及到两池分离壁挂式或假壁挂式坐便器。
背景技术
坐便器是英国人率先发明的，至今已有好几百年的历史。早先的坐便器是由椅子和抽水马桶两部分构成的，经过几百年的发展演变，椅子不见了，其功能由陶瓷质地的马桶取代，并与水箱结为一体，即是今日常见之陶瓷坐便器(抽水马桶)。从中可以看出，由于陶瓷材质的抽水马桶根本无法安装扶手，出于迁就而舍弃了这一对老弱病残还有些作用的唯一安全措施。这种发展演化过程并非人类技术发展之必然，明显是对华丽陶瓷的偏爱导致的，这种坐便器对健康成年人来说即好用又好看，但是老弱病残在使用时却会受到限制，现有坐便器的不便之处主要体现在如下两方面，在所有的时间里仅适用于部分人(健康成年人)，若干群体的人不适用或不能安全地使用，如学龄前儿童和老弱病残人群中的许多人；在部分时空里所有的人都不能使用，如停水时或缺水的地区，而且坐便器本身不能提供任何基本符合大众卫生标准的补救方式，这就使上述的困扰倍加严重，也就是说，它给我们带来的困扰即使不比它所带来的便利多，也不会比之少。
发明内容
本发明为了克服现有技术的缺陷，设计了两池分离壁挂式或假壁挂式坐便器；实际上，坐便器可看做由坐器和便器两部分组成，它们分别承担安全、舒适地就坐和把人体排泄物以符合卫生标准的方式排入下水道的任务；本发明之技术方案与传统的坐便器技术发展方向相反，它将安全座椅的成分尽可能地强化，同时把便器即马桶的成分尽可能地简化；在节约用水和节省空间的同时，几乎可以让所有人在所有的时空均能够安全舒适地使用之；即两全：全人群，从刚会跑动儿童，伤病员，直到在别人帮助下还可以下床的老人都可以使用，这一点对提高老年人晚年的生活品质和长寿极有益处；全时空：即指停水时或极端缺水地区也可以在基本符合大众卫生标准的情况下使用之；并可使缺水(无自来水和下水道系统)地区的卫生条件得到显著提高。
本发明所采取的具体技术方案是：两池分立壁挂式或假壁挂式坐便器，假壁挂是指看起来像壁挂；本发明之坐便器主要由壁挂或假壁挂坐便椅和壁挂或假壁挂两池分立便器即马桶两部分组成；其关键是，基于尽可能地强化坐器，简化便器的原则，两池分离壁挂式或假壁挂式坐便器的设计方法。
本发明之壁挂或假壁挂坐便椅部分主要包括向前伸展的平衡底座8、在后部靠墙壁与之固定连接的两根或两根以上的椅腿(9)、椅腿上部不同高度装有两根水平导轨6、折叠椅框3及椅框后端面设置的数组滚轮7组成。
其中平衡底座8既可平衡整个坐便椅及其负载所产生的扭转力矩，又可在缺水乡村地区充当将卫生间与化粪池严密隔离的盖板。
椅框3上的数组滚轮与导轨配合滚动，可使折叠椅具有向一边自由移动几十厘米的自由度；此举可为无法下蹲的伤病人士坐着进行便后清洁提供方便。
折叠椅框3上还可以装有安全扶手5和安全带。此举主要可提高无自持平衡能力的病人和老年人接手和洗浴时的安全性。
折叠椅框内装有可折叠座便椅，坐便椅面2应使用扩面缩缝技术方案。
扩面缩缝技术方案，即扩大坐面，缩小中缝的技术；现有坐便垫中孔的长度约为31cm，宽度约为22cm，通过实验我们知道它的宽度太大了，把此中孔的宽度收窄至8至12cm，使之成为一个长方形或后方收窄的梯形中缝，所余面积转化为坐面(见图4)；不仅成年人使用起来更加舒适，而且适用范围可扩大至刚学会跑路的儿童。该技术同时适用于现有技术的所有坐便器皿。
坐便椅面2还可按照成人骨骼结构(坐骨)，在中缝两侧做出符合人体工学的对称凹陷设计；这样，不管成人还是儿童在使用时，均可提高舒适程度。
本发明之壁挂或假壁挂两池分立便器(即马桶)部分中的两池分立技术方案，是指与现有技术的大小便共用坐便池不同；将之分成两个，分别为大便池和小便池；与某些动物只有一个排泄口不同，我们人体是具有两处排泄出口的，分别承担大便和小便任务；也就
是说，人体结构是两便分流的，受此启发，本发明设计了让两便在人体外继续分流一段过程的两便分流或两池分立技术方案，以便为我所用。关键是，基于简化便器的原则，随着外界客观条件的变化，可设计诸多种对应的壁挂或假壁挂的，两池分立便器实施方案的设计方法。它可以带来多层次的有益效果；首先整个便器的体积和重量可大为缩减、由之带来便器的少量移动自由度、再带来节省空间和节约用水、以致无需用水(详见实施例4)，在此例陈述中，基本符合大众卫生标准的坐便器的适用范围可以扩大至极端缺水地区。
附图说明
图1为本发明壁挂式坐便器结构示意图。
图2为本发明假壁挂式坐便器的结构示意图。
以上附图中，1代表大便池，2代表坐便椅面，3代表折叠椅框，4代表小便池，5代表扶手，6代表轨道，7代表滚轮，8代表平衡底座，9代表椅腿，10代表滑槽，11代表斜撑，12代表墙体，13代表托架，14代表滑环，15代表把手，16代表上水管，17大便池上水接口，18输尿管。
图3为实施例4所述便器部分结构示意图。
301和302代表可自由插拔离合式铰链的两部分，303代表大便池开口钢环，304代表把手，305代表按压式阀门，306代表上水管，307代表小便池开口钢环，308代表输尿管。
图4为坐便椅面结构示意图。
图5为实施例5所述坐便器的结构示意图。(金属骨架加塑料贴面结构的金属骨架部分)
图6为实施例5所述独立式折叠椅结构示意图。(除坐面为塑料贴面外，其余均为金属骨架部分)
图7为实施例5所述铰链关节结构示意图。
图8、图9、图10均为实施例6所述独立式折叠椅结构示意图，其中除坐面是木制的外，其余均为金属骨架部分(下同)。
图11为实施例7所述具有单边扶手、可独自折叠坐便面的独立式折叠坐便椅结构示意图。
图12、图13均为实施例8所述洗浴小室结构示意图。
图14为实施例9所述的与所述坐便器配合使用的球式通便器的结构示意图。
实施例
以下实施例1、2分别陈述假壁挂坐便椅和壁挂式坐便椅，实施例3、4、分别陈述适合于城市和缺水乡村的两种两池分立便器。实施例1、2、和3、4、之间可两两组合。
实施例1、
假壁挂式坐便椅主要包括平衡底座8、椅腿9、轨道6、滚轮7，和折叠椅框3组成。滚轮7以前部分在发明内容中介绍已较详尽，不再累述。折叠椅框3内装置有靠背和坐便椅面2，坐便椅面2的后端与折叠椅框3铰接，坐便椅面2借助自身后部设置的限位销与折叠椅框3上设置的限位挡板的配合、与折叠椅框3形成锁紧配合结构，实现展开。在折叠椅框3的两侧面上开设滑槽10，扶手5的后端在合适位置与折叠椅框3铰接，扶手5的前端与斜撑11的上端铰接，斜撑11的下端可以在滑槽10内上下滑动，当斜撑11的后端处于滑槽10最底端时，扶手5被顶住并且处于水平状态。扶手前端装有磁铁，不用时，向上翻转扶手5，利用磁铁将扶手5吸附在折叠椅框3上即可，坐便椅面折叠起来时，也用此法实现稳定。折叠椅框的上部还可以用螺丝固定安全带、输液挂架、淋浴喷头支架等。
实施例2
壁挂式坐便椅，在外界条件许可时，可以取消平衡底座8和椅腿9，直接将轨道6固定安装在墙壁上。其它与实施例1相同。
实施例3
适合在城市中使用的两池分立壁挂式便器，主要包括托架13、大便池1、把手15、小便池4、分离式壁挂水箱或定量阀门等。其中托架13在相应位置固定于椅腿9或墙壁12上；大便池1固定安装在托架13上，大便池1仍然使用陶瓷材质，形状为圆台形的漏斗，下方接S形反水弯再连接下水道；其内部设有冲洗机构，在其上方后部设有进水口，通过管道与分离式壁挂水箱或定量阀门连接，现有技术坐便器的几种冲洗方式均可应用，如冲落式、虹吸冲落式、虹吸漩涡式等；其上方口沿内径14厘米外径16厘米，可方便使用皮搋子疏通下水道。在大便池1上部外侧设有一个滑环14，其与把手15的一端固定连接，把手长可为10厘米，另一端与小便池4的开口钢丝圈连接，其直径也可为15厘米；小便池的池壁是用塑料薄膜制成的漏斗形，其上方与开口钢丝圈用不干胶带粘接构成小便池，这样的小便池小便时完全不飞溅；其下方连接输尿管，输尿管在大便池S弯以远接入下水道，接入前加装一个阀门并也应该设置S形反水弯，该阀门平时开启，疏通下水道时应关闭。把手15内设有按钮式阀门，朝向小便池一端装有喷嘴，另行接入上水，上水软管16可与输尿管18捆绑在一起上行，此装置负责冲洗小便池。本例所述坐便器与现有技术坐便器相比，冲洗大便时节水不明显(原因详见实施例4)，但冲洗小便节水效果是明显的，我方只需不超过0.1升，而对方需3至6升水。当坐便器不用时，可拨动把手15，通过滑环与大便池壁的配合，使小便池扭转至一侧角落以节省空间。
现有技术的坐便器，在停水时完全不可以用它大便；本发明实施例1、2、3、所示之坐便器在停水时有基本符合大众卫生标准的变通办法，来使用它进行大便；可以找一个普通塑料袋，使其口沿置于收窄了的坐便椅面中缝两侧，由人体臀部坐住，即可进行大便了，结束后将塑料袋口系住妥善放置，待来水后再行处理。
实施例4
本实施例所述之便器，结构大大简化，适用性大幅提高。可极大 地改善广大无自来水农村地区的卫生条件，即使极端缺水地区，恒常无净水冲洗便器的地方，也可以使用；方法是集中尿液冲洗大便池。
所述便器，包括可自由插拔离合式铰链(合页)301和302所构成的托架、与大便池、把手、小便池等组成。其中大便池上方开口处可设一个直径15厘米，强度合适的不锈钢环303，该钢环一条直径的两顶点处分别焊接把手304的一端和可插拔离合式铰链302的一端；该铰链的另一端301固定连接在相应位置的椅腿或墙壁上。把手304的另一端仍然固定连接小便池钢丝环307，该小便池与实施例3中小便池基本同样，只是输尿管接入了新增加的放置在角落里的储尿壶中。大便池壁由塑料(或橡胶)薄膜制得，其形状为圆台形漏斗，上方直径略大于15厘米，下方直径不小于7厘米，高度约30厘米；其在上方以不干胶带与开口钢环303粘接牢固，下方也以不干胶带与下水道口粘接系紧；下水道口距大便池上方开口的高度差在10至15厘米之间，两者中心距为10厘米。大便池蓄水至下水道口高度时，其形状难以描述，但等效于S弯水封口。可插拔离合式铰链301和302所构成的托架，在插合时，整个便器可以在水平面内转动，拔离时，又具有了上下活动的自由度。塑料薄膜池壁是易损品，其价值相当于普通塑料袋，所费不高，更换也容易。大便前，向大便池内倒入1升左右的尿液，结束时，手握把手304拔离铰链并向上提起便器，大便池内尿液伴随大便固形物即倒入下水道口；此时可将整个便器在水平面上旋转一周再插合铰链，大便池壁薄膜和输尿管会缠结在一起，以此可代替S弯水封口的功能；推动把手旋转，可将整个便器贴向墙壁，进一步地节省了卫生间的宝贵空间。
与在乡村坐便器和化粪池之间水平距离是零或者接近于零不同的是，在城市中，坐便器与化粪池之间通常具有较长的水平距离，需要大量的水才能够将大便固形物推入化粪池；否则，下水道会发生堵塞。如果家庭中所有的用水设备所产生的废水都流经坐便器所在段下水道，本例所述便器稍加改造也可用于城市；例如，在本例所述便器的把手304内增装两个阀门305，以软管306接入上水，大便池开口钢环303换成溢流环与一只阀门连接，用于冲洗大便池；另一只阀门连接一个朝向小便池的喷嘴，负责冲洗小便池，输尿管308与实施例3方式相同，接入下水道。实际上，随着外界条件的变化，两池分立便器具有诸多符合客观实际的实施方式。
实施例5
前面四实施例中的导轨与滚轮配合可使坐便椅框左右滑动的功能在有益效果上与其他部分有重合，可以舍弃；同时增加了活动前腿并作如下改进，即成本例公开的一种座椅，一种折叠收拢后，仍可独自站立的折叠椅，主要包括由底板(或平衡底座)与后腿、靠背构成的静止不动部分，和三者可联动折叠的扶手、坐面(或坐便椅面)和前腿构成的可动部分两部分组成(见图5和图6)；所述座椅(具)的上述各部件在座椅一侧的(1)、(2)、(3)(4)四处，通过铰链作为关节连接(另一侧相同)；其技术特征还包括，以处于(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)四点铰链的轴心的垂直投影为四角的顶点的四边形，应为平行四边形，即设计时须要使该四边形对边相等；另外，平衡底座或底板的长度设计得必须足够长，使前腿的底脚可以压在平衡底座或底板上，否则不能保证座椅的平衡稳定(壁挂式和后腿固定在地面基础上的除外)，底板或平衡底座与地面的夹角应小于45度，以防行人通过时绊倒。一般的合页在合起时，其轴心在两侧页的一边，可以十分方便地使用在此座椅上，不影响开合；缺点是不十分安全，容易夹手；示意图7展示的铰链，相对更加安全，并且对于金属结构的座椅，其除中心轴外 的其他部分均可以通过冲剪工艺与结构件同时制得，达到简化工艺过程的目的；但其轴心通常处于结构件如扶手、前腿等的中间区域，如果直接将关节设置在座椅放展时扶手与前腿所成直角位置，座椅折叠时将无法完全收拢；解决的方法是，设计时同时调整其他各点，以保证其投影的四边形对边相等的条件下，将上述前腿和一小节扶手制成一个完整结构件，绕过前述直角位置，再通过关节连接扶手其余部分，即可解决座椅折叠收拢问题；(见示意图5)同样地，将扶手和一小节前腿制成一个完整结构件，绕过直角位置，再通过关节连接前腿其余部分，也可解决座椅折叠收拢问题。在座椅的一侧设有发条(或两侧均设)，发条的两端分别固定在后腿背面和坐面背面的边缘，其在坐面放展时所产生的弹性力应小于等于座椅可转动折叠部分的重力，即无人为助力不收拢；其扭转区间应大于九十度，即座椅折叠收拢后，其仍有剩余弹性力，达到无人为助力不放展的效果；此装置可避免在此玩耍的儿童受伤害。所述座椅并不仅仅可作为坐具应用在假壁挂坐便器上，去除示意图5中的便器成分，即构成功能完善的，运用平行四边形法则联动折叠的独立式(独自站立)折叠椅(见示意图6)；其稳定性主要靠后腿做销，插接在与底板(5)结为一体的套管中获得；图中(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)处为铰链关节，(3)是普通合页，其他三者见图7。所述折叠椅较之现有技术的各型折叠椅，具有两项新的优点或功能，一、增加了可与坐面、前腿联动折叠的扶手；二、折叠收拢后仍可独自伫立在原地。前者显著提高了折叠椅对于人的友好程度，其对健康人区别不大，但对于老弱病残孕人群中的很多人区别巨大；后者可真正做到节省空间或面积，既不仅在搬运和存放的过程或场合中节省了空间，在需要反复就坐和出入走动的场合，也同样节省空间；反观现有技术的各型折叠椅，其折叠设计的主要目的也是节省空间，但由于其折叠收拢后，无法自行保持站立，需另行存放，实际上，只在搬运和存放的场合或过程中节省了空间，而其在人们需要反复就坐和出入走动的场合或过程中，基本无法做到节省空间；因此上两者，现有技术的各型折叠椅是不妥善的；再者，人类是群居动物，相对于群居的人群，空间和面积总是相对稀缺的，因此，对座椅节省空间和面积功能的要求也总是迫切而广泛的；所以在这个意义上基本可以说，本发明所述独立式折叠椅是现有技术一般座椅的更新换代产品(也即一般座椅是1.0版本，普通折叠椅是1.1版本，所述独立式折叠椅就应是座椅2.0版本)。
(以下均为图5)靠背板(以焊接方式)通过横撑与后腿上方固定连接，靠背(5)处两端点至坐面高度差为20-26厘米，之间省去为空格，即此处靠背板无存在的必要，两端点对应与人体腰部(腰眼)；所述靠背符合人体生理特性，对维护人体腰部健康有利，通过此两端点用力按压腰眼15-30分钟还可治愈中、轻度闪腰(大面积疼痛的重度闪腰仍需中医按摩治疗)；实际上为维护人体腰部健康所有座椅的靠背板对应人体腰眼部位均应显著突起，其下至坐面可取消或向后收起。
坐便椅面(6)后部相对人体肛门和大便池部位，中间开缝8-10厘米，向前18厘米位置中间开缝转为20厘米宽，即前宽后窄式；此种设计可为坐着清洁臀部提供方便；椅面背部分别设有大便池冲洗口(7)、小便池冲洗喷嘴(8)和(9)、人体臀部冲洗枪(10)，它们均通过软管、截门与上水相接，截门按钮均可安装在座椅后部横撑上。冲洗枪(10)后部接上水软管，枪上设有截门按钮，枪头向上弯曲与枪身成90度，通过金属卡子安装在椅面背部，枪身上还套有弹簧，与金属卡子作用，可在不用时使枪头缩回椅面下方；冲洗枪还可以从椅面背部取下，冲洗坐便器。
大便池漏斗(11)可由金属或塑料制成，直径18-20厘米，高度15厘米，其下方接头与一节5至10厘米长橡胶软管相连，再接下水管或大便壶(此种配置的坐便器可脱离卫生间使用，如居室等)；小便池(12)由开口环、异形漏斗状塑料膜池壁和输尿管(内径0.5-1厘米塑料或橡胶材质)组成；其通过合页(13)与大便池相接，不用时可向上翻转180度倒扣在大便池上；开口环可由2-2.5厘米宽的金属薄板圈成，其外部下边再焊接一圈金属丝；异形漏斗状塑料薄膜池壁形似一次性塑料薄膜鞋套(医院用)，其口部橡皮筋勒紧在开口环的金属丝环上，其前部较浅，后部较深，在最深处通过连接器连接输尿管向下至下水管或尿壶做s弯接入。大便池漏斗通过托架安装在座椅背部横撑上；其上还安装有机械式弹性封口器(14)，用以代替水封口，该封口器由前述橡胶软管短节、定框、动框、轴、发条、细钢丝绳(与晾衣架用相同)、导向轮、手刹器(结构与汽车用相同)组成；其中定框固定在托架上，动框通过轴及缠绕在轴上的发条与定框铰接，定框与动框的远轴端，在发条弹性力的作用下，共同压迫橡胶短节，使其闭合，实现下水道封口；手刹器安装在坐便椅面后方的椅背横撑的背部，连接钢丝绳通过导向轮再连接动框远轴端中部。使用者伸手透过前述靠背下方空格，提拉、放下手刹把柄，即可操纵封口器开合。使用水封口是传统坐便器节约用水和适用范围受到限制的主要障碍，使用所述机械式弹性封口器即可解决上述问题，且该封口器具有以下优点，一、与水封口和一般的塞子不同，它在流体通道的外部进行封堵；二、封闭得严密性高，保守估计高于水封口万倍以上(水封口对细菌的传播基本无阻碍作用，而且下水道中的气味也可以通过溶解于水封口的水体中，再缓慢释放，传入室内)；该封口器还可以代替水堵塞子，在多数用水器皿(主要是有固形物与液体共同通过的场合)与下水道的连接中，和水封口串联使用并具有较好效果。所述坐便器主要由上述独立式坐具(器)、上述两池分立便器和上述机械式弹性封口器组成；其对各种人群均表现友好，并且适用范围可从有水扩大到缺水、无水的地区，包括无下水道的居室等地方。
实施例6有可折叠锁闭的底板或底座、可滑动伸缩的坐面、并在稍作后倾的状态下，可以推拉移动的假壁挂独立式折叠椅。
本例所述折叠椅如(图8)和(图9)，是在前述折叠椅(或坐便椅)的基础上，在座椅两侧均增设了作为坐面支架的角铁或角铁状其他金属物(23)；其两端均设有轴孔，后端通过一短轴(短轴一端代帽，另一端设有定位孔，通过定位销定位，下同)链接轴架(22)，构成铰链(4)；轴架(代轴孔的长条金属板)焊接或通过螺丝(如木制后腿等，下同)紧固在后腿上；其前端与前腿上的轴孔通过短轴链接，构成铰链(3)；两侧扶手分别通过如图7所示铰链(1)和铰链(2)连接后腿和前腿；这样即构成排除坐面或坐便面的四轴联动折叠结构，脱离了联动结构的坐面或坐便面至少存在三种设计形式，一、独立翻动式如图11坐便面(5)、二、与坐面支架固定在一起的形式如图10、三、可滑动伸缩式；通常的座椅，就坐后为了使人体靠近前方的桌面，常常需要向前挪动整个座椅，站起前又需向后挪动，因此带来诸多不便；所述具有可滑动伸缩坐面的独立式折叠椅，在同样情况下，只需滑动伸缩坐面而不是整个座椅，这样不仅在出入、就坐、站起的整个座椅使用过程中给使用者以方便，而且进一步节省了空间。座椅两侧角铁状金属物(23)之间可以用长条金属板(18)连接起来，共同作为坐面支架，以增强转动部分的稳定性(在坐便椅上使用时金属板(18)可取消)，两侧角铁与坐面接触的上端面上设有长条形孔(5)，其长度通常在20至25厘米，以其为滑道，前止(螺丝)钉(6)和后止(螺丝)钉(7)通过其拧在木制 坐面(15)上；前后两钉间距离5至10厘米，坐面的可伸缩距离通常可取15至20厘米。滚轮(17)与两侧铰链(4)同轴，其上有软橡胶轮胎，其上方的角铁上端面裁去，使其在仅负荷坐面重量时，可高于角铁上端面1至2毫米，此设置的目的是减少坐面伸缩时的摩擦阻力。
可折叠锁闭的底板和可使座椅行走的车轮装置。
在两侧底板的后端设有侧面为梯形的插接头图10(19)，后腿内焊接或用螺丝紧固有侧面呈三角形的金属楔子(20)，插接后，两者组合成一个宽厚尺寸与后腿方管内壁尺寸相同的立方体(图10圆圈内所示为方管内情况)，插接头的长度应大于等于方管内壁宽度和厚度中较大的一方。此种设置既可保证座椅稳定度又可使插拔变得十分容易。(以下见图8)左右后腿金属管在插接后邻近插接头的上方位置各设有轴孔，有轴(11)穿过，轴的一端带帽，另一端设有定位孔，可插入定位销定位；左右底板(16)或底座的紧邻左右后腿位置各设有(可通过焊接方式)一个或一对轴架(8)，但通常轴架的圆形轴孔已改变为两段互相垂直、连续的长条勾形孔，即由主段(9)和付段(10)构成的长条勾形轴孔或轴槽(滑道)，该轴槽主段的长度应大于等于插接头长度的平方与轴心距离后腿前管壁外侧长度的平方的和的开平方值，再加上轴的直径；其付段长度至少应大于等于短轴的直径，轴架(8)的长宽尺寸与勾形轴槽相适应；短轴(11)穿过后腿和轴架并通过定位销定位。使用时，插接头插入后腿金属管即实现底板或底座的展开状态，可以就坐；拔出插接头，并使其绕过后腿金属管前壁，此时手持底板前端继续使其折叠收拢，最后顺势使底板向下，短轴即进入付段轴槽顶部，实现折叠锁闭(因此时下方插接头也与后腿前壁发生抵触，在此两者共同作用下，底板或底座无法动弹)需要指出，付段轴槽轴心距离插接头底部的长度应等于插接头的长度与短轴轴心距离后腿金属管前壁外侧长度的和；实际上该值也决定整个座椅折叠后的厚度，所以其也受制约于其上方的四轴联动结构折叠后的厚度；可折叠底板可使所述独立式折叠椅的存放和远途搬运变得更容易，因此也显著提高了该折叠椅的适用性；另外所述座椅的制造用材是不拘一格的，现有座椅的制造材料均可使用，如后腿改为木制，则只需将插接头(19)改为等高的套管，楔子(20)上下颠倒置于其内；其他无需改变；坐面支架和底板(或底座)可通过冲剪工艺或锻造成型，既可缩短工艺流程，其质量也有保证。
所述折叠椅的行走机构见图9，小车轮(13)通过短轴(14)安装在座椅两侧轴架临近底板的向后突出部分上，安装时，车轮两侧加装外径小于等于轴承内套厚度的垫片，轴架外侧以螺母与轴上丝扣配合紧固。使用时，使座椅向后倾斜并推拉座椅，即可使其行走。此装置显著提高了所述折叠椅使用的便利程度。
图10展示的是一种无扶手的独立式折叠椅，它是在本例所述，图8、图9所展示的那种折叠椅的基础上，在座椅两侧坐面的下方分别增设一根两端分别以铰链链接后腿和前腿的横撑(21)，用于取代两侧扶手，同时取消两侧前腿高于坐面的部分；其与两端分别以铰链链接后腿和前腿的坐面支架(23)一起同样构成平行四边形四轴联动折叠结构；其坐面可以用螺丝固定在坐面支架上；也可以是前述滑动伸缩式的，但此时图10中连接两侧前腿的横撑应取消；此种无扶手独立式折叠椅也具有较大的适用范围。
实际上，平行四边形四轴联动折叠结构座椅(或坐便椅)的成立条件，也应在四个方面进行扩展，也即使之能够成立的四项基本原则方法；一、座椅两侧，前后四个铰链连接或支撑同一构件的，两侧对应铰链必须同心；不连接同一构件的，两侧对应铰链不必同心，平行也是可以的。(如通常所有形式坐面的两侧支 撑架上的对应铰链必须同心，而两侧扶手和横撑间的对应铰链轴心线平行即可；这样，座椅两侧的铰链就可能构成两个不同的平行四边形如图11；在下文洗浴小室图12中，两侧铰链实际上各可构成三个不同的平行四边形，在这样的情况下，还必须符合下列两个条件座椅的联动折叠结构才能成立)二、不同平行四边形间的转向边都必须相等，定向边则可以不相等。(转向边即扶手、坐面、横撑所对应的边，其在折叠的过程中持续转向；定向边即后腿、前腿所对应的边，其在折叠的过程中方向保持不变。需要指出，很多人会感觉或认为此种结构的前腿会在折叠的过程中转向并翘起，其实是不会的，因为前后腿所对应的边平行，后腿不动，也即不转向，前腿必须与后腿保持一致，不转向；这可能是此种结构的座椅长期得不到应用的原因之一。另外，此两条成立条件存在一项不同的特例，也是成立的；即在转动部分，除坐面外，两侧横撑(如果有)间也可通过横撑固定连接、而两前腿间无(即不能)固定连接的情况下，两侧转向边可不等长，只需坐面支架后端的两侧铰链同心，而前端的铰链不需要同心；此种不对称形式可作为下文适合行动不便者使用的，具有单边扶手的坐便椅的补充形式，即具有一个半扶手的坐便椅供其选用)三、与转向边对应的两构件所在的垂直面间，需错开适当的距离，以避免两者相互抵触而不能完全折叠收拢，典型的如图12中的横撑(18)和横撑(19)；同样的情况还有，两前腿和与之固定连接的横撑所在的垂直面间也应错开距离，即此横撑如图10(24)应置于两前腿的前面，以避免折叠后与坐面支架相抵触；四、如果由于其他原因不能设置两前腿间横撑如图10(24)，同时也不能设置两侧坐面支架间固定连接的长条金属板如图8(18)，为了增强座椅转动部分抗左右摇摆的稳定性，则可适当增加所有铰链的左右宽度或轴架厚度，因这两者与该稳定性成正比。
实施例7适合行动不便的老年人或半身不遂的患者在居室内使用的具有单边扶手、可独自折叠坐便面的独立式折叠坐便椅。
许多行动不便的老人和患者，即使家中的卫生间再近，也无法独自使用，需要在居室内使用坐便椅；他们的几乎是唯一的希望就是生活可以自理，但现有的各型坐便椅基本上是按健康人使用设计的，行动不便的他们要使用，还需要有人全程照料，否则居室内的环境卫生就无法保持了；本例所述坐便椅在前例所述坐便椅的基础上，作了以下两项改进(见图11)，在使得这些老人和患者实现这一愿望上，取得些许进步，其自理程度得到有效提高；所述改进之一是取消任一侧扶手及坐面支架以上前腿部分(可供患者选择)，在坐面以下，增加一根横撑(7)，其前后两头分别以铰链(3)和铰链(4)链接前腿和后腿，以代替被取消的扶手与铰链(1)和铰链(2)共同构成平行四边形结构；即构成具单侧扶手的不对称坐便椅，使用时可放置于床头一侧，方便患者挪入挪出。所述改进之二是可单独翻动折叠的坐便面(5)，在木制的坐便面前后两侧面加装长条形金属板或角铁，在其后端金属板上引出两侧铰链，与两后腿间的横撑链接即成；所述坐便面既方便患者便后自行将大便桶盖盖上，防止其气味溢出，又可方便服侍者提出大便桶倒掉大便；对于人口多，而只有一个卫生间的家庭，也可在居室内设置此种具有可单独翻动折叠坐便面的坐便椅以备急需。
实施例8便携的、可作为室外临时厕所的、无需另加热源即可保持温暖的洗浴小室。
现在，家庭洗浴常使用浴霸取暖，各型浴霸均采用辐射或对流这两种热传递方式，而忽视了采用传导方式，这使其设备均较复杂，而且价格不菲；所谓复杂还体现在其安装、使用、维护的全过程中，取暖效果却难如人意。所述洗浴小 室(见图12)主要采用传导这一热传递方式，即通过淋浴喷头，利用洗浴时也必得使用的热水作为热源，喷洒至洗浴的封闭空间内来加热空气；同时，在不使洗浴者感觉不适的前提下，尽可能缩小此一封闭洗浴空间的体积(实际上，人在洗浴时，也并不需要太大的空间，只要可以呼吸新鲜空气即可)；采用这种方式的所述洗浴小室既简单又实用，可以完全代替各型浴霸的取暖作用，全面改善上述不足，而且取暖效果也更好。所述洗浴小室主要由前述独立式可折叠坐便椅和同样是平行四边形结构的顶盖以及罩衣，这三部分组成；顶盖结构通过在后腿(16)和前腿(15)上的插接件(9)和插接件(10)与坐便椅连接，因受居室高度限制，整个结构最高不应大于180厘米(室外使用的临时厕所不受此限)，最低不应低于就坐时人体的头顶，通常如110厘米；此即洗浴小室的高度可取范围；两侧前后腿向上延伸，在顶部通过与之固定连接轴架和铰链与高度不同的两根横撑分别链接在一起(如图12)，链接两根横撑的铰链(11)、铰链(12)和铰链(13)、铰链(14)构成平行四边形结构，两前腿间另设有横撑，即构成顶盖结构；由图(12)可以看出，小室两侧各8个铰链从上至下都构成三个平行四边形结构，这使其既可以整体折叠和放展，进行洗浴，也可以单独折叠和放展坐便椅供坐便；需要时同时拔离插接件(9)和(10)，使其变为独立的折叠椅和顶盖两部分折叠起来，便于运输和存放；插接件(9)内部插销的头部，形状为子弹头形，根部与下方管壁焊接在一起，头部向上探出2至3厘米；插接件(10)的内部插销，根部同样与下方管壁焊接在一起，长度4至6厘米，头部呈圆滑状，宽厚尺寸同上方管内壁；坐便面(6)是单独折叠式的，
罩衣质地为防雨布或塑料薄膜等如图13，其长宽尺寸略大于整个框架的尺寸，但其被容纳于框架之内，其上部以粘链作扣，与顶盖结构的上部四周连接，其后面长度大于前面一个坐面长度，从上至下并覆盖坐便面，直到地面；前面中间(或靠近一侧)开缝，开缝两边设有粘链(或拉链)以开合，罩衣在顶部后面的两侧和前面中缝的顶部也以粘链与顶盖框架连接在一起；洗浴后将罩衣向上撩过顶盖前端，折叠顶盖，罩衣即似挂于墙上。罩衣前面相对于洗浴者就坐时的头面部，设一大小合适的袖筒状通道(或内部设有遮帘的孔(17)，下同)，可使头部探出以便呼吸(空间内部无法维持长时间的呼吸)；同时，在就坐者肩肘高度的罩衣两个侧面和前面，及膝部均可设袖筒状通道，以便服侍人员帮助老人和孩子洗浴，平时所有的袖筒均向内下垂；洗浴用品、衣物、包括淋浴喷头也均可通过袖筒内外传递；淋浴喷头的周遭及背后固定3至5个强力磁铁圆片，其隔着罩衣可以吸附在铁质框架的任意地方；实际上，所述洗浴小室也是便携的，在野外营地、工棚等处，只需一盆热水，放于脚下，同时将罩衣下摆也放入其中，洗浴者用毛巾撩起热水，即可擦洗全身；洗后的水仍然全部流回盆中，其热量也丝毫不浪费地温暖着小室；另外，如罩衣套在整个框架的外面，即可作室外的临时厕所使用，大小便池以塑料袋代之。
实施例9与所述坐便器配合使用的球式通便器。
很多人都经常发生大便干燥的情况，尤其是老年人；通常使用带注射头的开塞露胶囊即可解决，但许多老年人不行；当他们大便干燥时，其肛门已洞开，开塞露无法注入或注入也即流出，不能见效。时间延宕，老年人可能危及生命，此时常需有经验的医护人员用手将干燥的大便抠出才行。可以设想，如果用柔软的气密材质的薄膜封闭肛门四周并施以压力，再分别通过无尖锐探头的吸气装置和注入液体装置，吸出肛门内空气并注入开塞露液体，还需让老年人可自行处理；解决上述痛苦而危险的便秘过程就简单了。所述与本发明坐便器配合使用的球式 通便器(见图14)可以实现上述设想，其以普通玩具气球充当封闭肛门的气密薄膜并施以压力，气球(2)设在一个半球形硬质容器(1)内，容器的开口四周设有口沿，该口沿可担在坐便面窄缝上(该窄缝与现有技术的，因需迁就大小便一体便池的上方开口而必取人体可接受的坐便垫中间开口的最大值相反，其取可使人体排泄之大便无阻碍通过的最小值；此举并不会使人感觉不舒服)，气球上方相对人体肛门部位增设一开口和一个橡胶塞(3)，其长度1.5至2.5厘米，直径1至1.5厘米，两者间用丝线系紧，密闭气球；半球形硬质容器与人体对应的前方用短节以焊接或丝扣方式引出，里头与气球口部以丝线系紧，外头接30至40厘米长的塑料或橡胶软管(5)，再接四通管件(可由两个三通夹短节组成)，剩余三处出口中，一处接气门和注气球(6)(均为现有血压计用)，通过其向气球内打气；另外两处出口外面均用现有医用针管(7)和针管(8)、针头，分别透过橡胶塞与其内部的一软一硬两根塑料细管(内径1至2毫米)相接，两细管均引向气球内部的橡胶塞处，软细管与针头底座在橡胶塞(3)之上橡胶垫(4)上针头，在气球内接通，其负责注入开塞露；硬细管(需稍耐负压)在气球内部部分需预制成螺旋弹簧状，使其可伸缩并引向橡胶塞，其也与透过橡胶塞插入气球内部的针头相接，该针头底座在橡胶塞(3)的外表面上，围绕该底座的外表面周围设有放射形排布的凹槽，其负责吸出肛门内的空气；负责吸气的针管内部尽头，可设一橡胶垫作单向阀使用。使用时，首先用注气球给气球打气，充气量为硬质半球形容器容积的4至6成，其余由人体挤占，使肛门对准气球上的橡胶塞坐下，用吸气针管吸出肛门内空气，然后用另一个针管注入开塞露，反复做提肛动作至有便意止，拖出即可方便。通便器便后应竖直悬挂存放，以避免其内部的硬塑料细管损坏；组成通便器的各组件均为现有技术。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种坐便器，其关键是，基于尽可能地强化坐器，简化便器的原则，壁挂式或假壁挂式两池分立的坐便器的设计方法。
  2. 壁挂或假壁挂式两池分立坐便器，所述的壁挂或假壁挂坐便椅，包括平衡底座、椅腿、导轨、滚轮和折叠椅框；其中折叠椅框内装有靠背和坐便椅面，还可以选装扶手、安全带、输液吊架、淋浴喷头挂架等。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的壁挂或假壁挂式两池分立坐便器，其特征在于，所述的平衡底座既可平衡整个坐便椅及其负载所产生的扭转力矩，又可在缺水乡村(无自来水及下水道系统)地区充当将卫生间与化粪池严密隔离的盖板。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的壁挂或假壁挂式两池分立坐便器，其特征在于，所述的坐便椅面应使用扩面缩缝技术方案，即扩大坐面，缩小中缝的技术；即，把坐便椅面(垫)中孔的宽度收窄至8至12cm，使之成为一个长方形或后方收窄的梯形中缝，所余面积转化为坐面；该技术同时适用于现有技术的坐便器皿。
  5. 根据权利要求1、2或4所述的壁挂或假壁挂式两池分立坐便器，其特征在于，所述的坐便椅面还可按照成人骨骼结构(坐骨)，在中缝两侧做出符合人体工学的对称凹陷设计。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的壁挂或假壁挂式两池分立坐便器，关键是，基于尽可能地简化便器的原则，随着外界客观条件的变化，可设计诸多种对应的壁挂或假壁挂的，大便池与小便池分开各自独立的便器的设计方法。
  7. 根据权利要求1或6所述的壁挂或假壁挂式两池分立坐便器，关键是，集中尿液冲洗大便池的使用方法。
  8. 根据权利要求1或6所述的壁挂或假壁挂式两池分立坐便器，关键是，大便池和小便池的池壁均由塑料薄膜制成。
  9. 根据权利要求1或6所述的壁挂或假壁挂式两池分立坐便器，关键是，用可自由插拔离合式铰链作为便器的托架。
  10. 一种座椅，一种折叠收拢后，仍可独自站立的折叠椅，主要包括由底板(或平衡底座)与后腿、靠背构成的静止不动部分，和三者可联动折叠的扶手、坐面(或坐便椅面)和前腿构成的可动部分两部分组成。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，所述座椅(具)的上述各部件在座椅一侧的(1)、(2)、(3)(4)四处，通过铰链作为关节连接(另一侧相同)；其技术特征还包括，以处于(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)四点铰链的轴心的垂直投影为四角的顶点的四边形，应为平行四边形，即设计时须要使该四边形对边相等。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，平衡底座或底板的长度设计得必须足够长，使前腿的底脚压在平衡底座或底板上，底板或平衡底座与地面的夹角应小于45度。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，将上述前腿和一小节扶手制成一个完整结构件，绕过前述直角位置，再通过关节连接扶手其余部分，即可解决座椅折叠收拢问题；(见示意图5)同样地，将扶手和一小节前腿制成一个完整结构件，绕过直角位置，再通过关节连接前腿其余部分，也可解决座椅折叠收拢问题。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，在座椅的一侧设有发条(或两侧均设)，发条的两端分别固定在后腿背面和坐面背面的边缘，其在坐面放展时所产生的弹性力应小于等于座椅可转动折叠部分的重力，其扭转区间应大于九十度，即座椅折叠收拢后，其仍有剩余弹性力。
  15. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，其稳定性主要靠后腿做销，插接在与底板(5)结为一体的套管中获得。
  16. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，靠背板通过横撑与后腿上方固定连接，靠背(5)处两端点至坐面高度差为20-26厘米，之间省去为空格，即此处靠背板无存在的必要，两端点对应与人体腰部(腰眼)。
  17. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，坐便椅面(6)后部相对人体肛门和大便池部位，中间开缝8-10厘米，向前18厘米位置中间开缝转为20厘米宽，即前宽后窄式。
  18. 所述壁挂或假壁挂坐便器主要由上述独立式坐具(器、椅)、上述两池分立便器和上述机械式弹性封口器组成。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的壁挂或假壁挂坐便器的两池分立便器；大便池漏斗(11)可由金属或塑料制成，直径18-20厘米，高度15厘米，其下方接头与一节5至10厘米长橡胶软管相连，再接下水管或大便壶(此种配置的坐便器可脱离卫生间使用，如居室等)；小便池(12)由开口环、异形漏斗状塑料膜池壁和输尿管(内径0.5-1厘米塑料或橡胶材质)组成；其通过合页(13)与大便池相接，不用时可向上翻转180度倒扣在大便池上；开口环可由2-2.5厘米宽的金属薄板圈成，其外部下边再焊接一圈金属丝；异形漏斗状塑料薄膜池壁形似一次性塑料薄膜鞋套(医院用)，其口部橡皮筋勒紧在开口环的金属丝环上，其前部较浅，后部较深，在最深处通过连接器连接输尿管向下至下水管或尿壶做s弯接入。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的壁挂或假壁挂坐便器，其安装有机械式弹性封口器(14)，用以代替水封口，该封口器由前述橡胶软管短节、定框、动框、轴、发条、细钢丝绳(与晾衣架用相同)、导向轮、手刹器(结构与汽车用相同)组成。
  21. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，使之能够成立的四项基本原则方法；一、座椅两侧，前后四个铰链连接或支撑同一构件的，两侧对应铰链必须同心；不连接同一构件的，两侧对应铰链不必同心，平行也是可以的；二、不同平行四边形间的转向边都必须相等，定向边则可以不相等；三、与转向边对应的两构件所在的垂直面间，需错开适当的距离，以避免两者相互抵触而不能完全折叠收拢，典型的如图12中的横撑(18)和横撑(19)；同样的情况还有，两前腿和与之固定连接的横撑所在的垂直面间也应错开距离，即此横撑如图10(24)应置于两前腿的前面，以避免折叠后与坐面支架相抵触；四、如果由于其他原因不能设置两前腿间横撑如图10(24)，同时也不能设置两侧坐面支架间固定连接的长条金属板如图8(18)，为了增强座椅转动部分抗左右摇摆的稳定性，则可适当增加所有铰链的左右宽度或轴架厚度，因这两者与该稳定性成正比。
  22. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，在座椅两侧均增设了作为坐面支架。
  23. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，可滑动伸缩的坐面。
  24. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，可折叠锁闭的底板或底座。
  25. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，可独自折叠的坐便面。
  26. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，具有单边扶手。
  27. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，无扶手的折叠椅。
  28. 根据权利要求10所述的独立式折叠椅，便携的、可作为室外临时厕所的、无需另加热源即可保持温暖的洗浴小室。
  29. 根据权利要求10和25所述的独立式折叠椅，与所述坐便器配合使用的球式通便器。
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