WO2018074944A1

WO2018074944A1 - External rotor down-the-hole drill

Info

Publication number: WO2018074944A1
Application number: PCT/RU2016/000846
Authority: WO
Inventors: Владимир Митрофанович ПАНЧЕНКО; Алексей Петрович СУЗДАЛЕВ
Original assignee: Владимир Митрофанович ПАНЧЕНКО
Priority date: 2016-10-17
Filing date: 2016-12-02
Publication date: 2018-04-26
Also published as: RU2645019C1

Abstract

The invention relates to mining and construction activities, including the rotary core drilling of medium and large diameter vertical, inclined and horizontal boreholes, mineral extraction, and the laying of underground passages and tunnels with the possibility of changing the direction of a passage when work is underway. A drill consists of at least two coaxial rotor sections, each of which comprises a rotor in the form of a hollow cylinder rotating about a stator in the form of a hollow cylinder of a smaller diameter under pressure from water, steam or a gas, wherein the working fluid may be rotated during drilling. Each rotor section comprises a stator with channels for the working fluid, which functions as an axle, and an external rotor with screws arranged on the external surface of the external rotor. A hollow core-receiving body is mounted inside the stator. Inclined clamps with a rotor roller mounted therein are arranged on the internal surface of the external rotor. The outer surface of the stator has a radial groove in which a spring-loaded valve with a stator roller is disposed. The stator roller and the rotor roller are disposed between the internal surface of the rotor and the external surface of the stator and form a working chamber. The working fluid channels provided in the stator are connected to the working chamber of each rotor section by working fluid transfer channels. Use of the invention allows an increase in specific power as a result of increased torque, and also provides increased reliability and operability.

Description

DRILL EXTERNAL BOTTOM BOTTOM

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to mining and construction business with rotary bottomhole core drilling of vertical, deviated, horizontal wells of medium and large diameter, mining, laying of underground passages and tunnels with the possibility of changing the direction of penetration during the execution of work. State of the art

Known drilling rigs with downhole motors.

The main disadvantages of electric drilling are: high energy consumption with reference to its source :, additional electric motor and equipment for cleaning the bottom: limited borehole diameter and gear inserts, due to the moment of force: vibration, metal consumption, low overhaul period of the electric drill; frequent breakdowns of the conductive cable, the number of which increases with increasing depth of the well; additional and more complex and expensive equipment is required.

Also known are gerotor downhole motors (hydraulic drives). In some cases, they have significant advantages over electric motors. In particular, hydraulic motors are smaller on average by 3 times in size and 15 times by weight than electric motors of corresponding power. The range of regulation of the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor is much wider: for example, it can range from 2500 rpm to 30-40 rpm, and in some cases, with hydraulic motors of a special design, it reaches 1-4 rpm and less. The start-up and acceleration time of the hydraulic motor is a fraction of a second, which is unattainable for high-power electric motors (several kilowatts). Frequent on-off, shutdown and reverse are not dangerous for the hydraulic motor. The law of motion of the shaft of the hydraulic motor can be easily changed by using means of regulating the hydraulic drive.

For example, from the patent RU 2112855C1, E21 B4 / 02, published on 10.06.1998, a downhole hydraulic motor is known for use in drilling wells. The engine contains turbine sections, a gerotor screw mechanism with a stator fixed in the housing and an eccentrically located rotor with a split torsion bar. A stop element is placed in the upper part of the gerotor mechanism, which is made in the form of a disk-shaped plate with holes in the peripheral part and a glass in the center, in which a ball is placed for periodic interaction with the fifth. The inner diameter of the cup, the outer diameter of the heel and the diameter of the ball are connected certain relations. The gap between the ball and the bottom of the glass is equal to the maximum allowable play in the axial support assembly.

The hydraulic drive has inherent disadvantages that limit its use. The main ones are as follows:

1. The presence in the body of a rapidly wearing lining of elastic material.

2. The change in the viscosity of the applied fluids from temperature, which leads to a change in the operating characteristics of the hydraulic actuator and creates additional difficulties in the operation of hydraulic actuators both at high and at low temperatures.

3. Leaks of fluid from hydraulic systems, which reduce the efficiency of the drive, cause uneven movement of the output link of the hydraulic transmission, make it difficult to achieve a stable speed of movement of the working body at low speeds.

4. The need to manufacture many hydraulic drive elements in a high accuracy class to achieve small gaps between moving and stationary parts, which complicates the design and increases the cost of their manufacture.

5. The working fluid is only a fluid with certain components, taking into account the specificity of the soil. In winter, the applicability of the method limits the freezing of the liquid.

6. Explosion and flammability of used liquid mineral working components.

Also known are turbine downhole motors (turbodrills) of various designs (reactive-turbine drills and rotor-turbine drills), equipped with serial turbine or screw downhole motors.

For example, from patent RU 2112856 C1, E21 B4 / 02, publ. 10.06.1998, a gear turbo drill is known for drilling wells and can be used for drilling inclined and horizontal deep wells with high bottomhole temperatures. A turbine and a gearbox connected to the turbine with input and output shafts and gears, as well as a spindle with axial and radial bearings on the shaft are located in the turbodrill housing. The output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the spindle shaft through a torsion shaft. Gearbox and spindle housings are connected by a sub. The torsion shaft is covered with a gap by a protective sleeve forming an annular gap with the inner surface of the sub. The gearbox, torsion shaft and spindle bearings are housed in a common oil-filled chamber sealed with seals. Drilling fluid passes through the annular channel inside the turbine, gearbox, spindle and sub housings. Due to the elastic flexibility, the torsion bar protects shafts and transmission elements from overloads. When using a sub with skewed axes, the shaft-torsion is connected to adjacent shafts by articulated couplings, and the protective sleeve is equipped with sealing elements that allow angular movements cases without leakage. In this case, the torsion bar acts as a propeller shaft, and the gear turbodrill acts as a deflector. The invention allows to reduce the dynamic loads on the shafts and elements of the turbodrill, to increase the ability to control the path of the well, to simplify the design.

The main disadvantages of known turbodrills are.

1. The complex profile of the blades.

2. A large number of stages of the turbine.

The multi-stage turbodrill is explained by the fact that the values of the following three factors are limited, on which torque is directly dependent:

- the flow rate of the flushing fluid cannot be increased due to an increase in pressure in the circulation system and on the mud of the mud pump;

- the diameter of the turbodrill is limited by the size of the wellbore;

- the turbine shaft rotation frequency is set by the drilling mode as applied to the type of bits used and cannot be arbitrarily increased.

3. The inevitably large length of the turbodrills prevents their use for rapid buildup of curvature when drilling directional wells

4. Consumption of significantly more fluid than is required for the operation of the bit.

5. For turbodrills-deflectors - this is the impossibility of adjusting the skew angle under drilling conditions, a large distance from the bit to the curvature plane, insufficient rigidity of the spindle shaft. And for all types of turbodrills - the absence of centering elements on the body.

6. The circulation system of the drilling rig has a differential pressure limitation, therefore, the turbodrill must be operated at a reduced flow rate with low mechanical power on the output shaft, the value of which determines the efficiency of the drilling process.

7. The location of the rotor inside the stator reduces torque.

The prototype of the invention is not known to the authors. There is no patent for a downhole propulsion device, the rotors of which rotate around the stators from the pressure of water, steam or gas with the possible rotation of the working fluid during drilling.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to which the claimed invention is directed is to increase the torque due to the rotation of the external rotor from the pressure of a liquid medium, gas (air) or steam with the possibility of rotation of the working fluid, taking into account increased reliability and increased resource due to the simplicity of design, reduction transmission nodes, as well as to increase the efficiency of the device by reducing the volume of rock destruction, when sinking with leaving a large core diameter for its subsequent removal by less expensive mechanized methods while reducing specific metal consumption and energy consumption with the possibility of the presence of people in the face. Loose soil can be loaded directly into vehicles with a loader, and hard rocks are previously destroyed by milling cutters, jack hammers, explosions and other known methods.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the torque by increasing the specific power while increasing the reliability and availability of the device, reducing energy consumption and, ultimately, reducing the unit cost of sinking.

The technical result of the claimed invention is achieved due to the fact that the external rotary downhole drill, containing at least two coaxial rotor sections, and interconnected by an intersection sleeve made with transition channels of the working fluid, and plugs located at the ends of the rotor sections, the plug located on the end part of the rotor section in the direction of the face contains rock cutting elements, and is made with an output channel for the working fluid,

and the plug located on the end of the rotor section towards the mouth is made with an input channel for the working fluid,

each rotor section contains a stator with channels for the working fluid, which is the axis and the outer rotor, with the screws located on the outer surface of the outer rotor,

a hollow core receiver housing is installed in the inner part of the stator, while inclined clamps are installed on the inner surface of the outer rotor, in which the rotor roller is mounted, and a radial recess is made on the outer surface of the stator, in which a spring-loaded shutter with a stator roller is located,

moreover, the stator roller and the rotor roller located between the inner surface of the rotor and the outer surface of the stator form a working chamber,

wherein the channels for the working fluid made in the stator are connected to the working chamber of each rotor section by channels for moving the working fluid,

In the particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the intersectional sleeve and plugs of the rotor sections are made in the form of an annular part providing tightness, stator-rotor coupling.

In the particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution as a working fluid, a liquid medium or gas or steam is used, while the drill is made with the possibility of rotation of the working fluid. In the particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the shutter is made in the form of a rectangular trapezoid in cross section.

In the particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the inclined clamps are made lattice in the form of parallel or zigzag stripes.

In the particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the inclined clamps are made in the form of a triangle with a roller in one corner and radial grooves on each side of the roller.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Details, features, and advantages of the present invention follow from the following description of embodiments of the claimed technical solution using the drawings, which show:

Figure 1 - drill external rotary bottomhole.

Figure 2 is a view of BB.

In the figures, the numbers indicate the following positions:

1 - mother rock, soil; 2 - casing or lining elements; 3 - destroyed rock; 4 - input channel in the stator; 5 - core; 6 - core receiving housing; 7 - a stub from the mouth; 8 - adapter; 9 - screws; 10 - rotor; 11 - stator roller; 12 - shutter; 13 - input transition channel of the working fluid; 14 - intersectional sleeve; 15 - output transition channel of the working fluid; 16 - plug from the side of the face; 17 - output channel in the plug; 18 -channel for the exit of the spent working fluid; 19 - fasteners of rock destruction tool; 20 - rock cutting elements; 21 - stator; 22 - mechanism for pressing the shutter; 23 - a working chamber; 24 - camera transition of the working fluid; 25 - rotor roller; 26 - inclined clamps; 27 - channels of the transition of the working fluid.

Disclosure of invention

The essence of the technical solution lies in the fact that the external rotary drill, consisting of at least two coaxial rotor sections, each of which contains an internal stator that acts as an axis on which the rotor rotates when the pressure of a liquid, gas or steam with possible rotation of the working fluid according to the invention, the rock cutting tool (drill heads, crowns, chisels, cones, milling cutters) is attached directly to the end of the rotor in the direction of the face, and the screws located on the outer surface of the rotors push breed rock or soil towards the mouth, and the spent working fluid removes the pulp, leaving the core in the core receiving case for subsequent extraction of small diameter core using known core tapping machines, and large core and soil for removal by known mechanized methods with the possibility of the presence of people or robots in the tunnel for wall reinforcement with ring segments.

The direct autonomous motor in the face, providing rotation of the rock cutting tool, displacement of the destroyed rock and core formation, is an external rotary downhole mover consisting of at least two coaxial rotor sections. Possible increase in the number of rotor sections as necessary.

Each rotor section contains an internal stator (21), made in the form of a hollow cylinder, and acting as an axis, and an external rotor (10), made in the form of a hollow cylinder of larger diameter.

A screw (9) is installed on the outer surface of each external rotor (10) to displace the destroyed rock from the face towards the mouth for removal by a spent working fluid

Rotor sections are interconnected by an intersectional sleeve (14). In this case, the rotor section extreme to the mouth is connected to the plug (7) from the mouth side. The mouth end cap is connected to an adapter (8). The rotor section closest to the bottom is connected to the plug (16) from the bottom side, while the plug (16) from the bottom side contains fasteners (19) of the rock cutting element with rock cutting elements (20).

Intersectional sleeve (14) and plugs (7 and 16) are made in the form of an annular part - a washer, which ensures tightness, stator-rotor conjugation.

A core receiver housing (6) in the form of a hollow cylinder is inserted into the inner part of the stator (21).

On the inner surface of the rotor (10), inclined clamps (26) are installed in which the rotor roller (25) is mounted. A radial recess is made on the outer surface of the stator (21), in which a shutter (12), spring-loaded by the preload mechanism (22), is located with the stator roller (1 1).

The stator roller (1 1) and the rotor roller (25) located between the inner surface of the rotor (10) and the outer surface of the stator (21) form a working chamber (23).

Moreover, channels (4) are made in the walls of each stator (21) in the form of a bore of a cylindrical, oval or other known section for the working fluid. The channels (4) are connected to the working chamber (23) of each rotor section by transition channels (27). At least two channels (input channel and output channel) can be made in one rotary section.

The roller (25) of the rotor, being in the inclined clamps (26) of the rotor (10), is driven by the pressure of the working fluid along the outside of the stator (21). The stator roller (11), being in the movable spring-loaded shutter (12), located in the radial groove of the stator (21), is driven by the pressure of the working fluid on one side of the shutter (12) along the inner surface of the rotor (10) and fixed inclined clamps (26 ) a second roller (25) located on the inside of the rotor. The inclined clamps (26) of the second roller (25) prevent dynamic impacts at the contacts of the rollers (1 1 and 26). From the pressure of the working fluid on the roller (25), the rotor (10), made in the form of a hollow cylinder of a larger diameter, begins to rotate.

The working fluid can be a liquid medium, gas (air), or steam, while the possibility of rotation of the working fluid during the execution of work is provided. To do this, it is enough to disconnect the input channel (4) for supplying the working fluid from one source and connect this channel to another pressure source using a manifold or other well-known switches: valves, gate valves, connecting heads.

The damper (12) is made, as a rule, in the form of a rectangular trapezoid in cross section, but other curved geometric shapes are not excluded. Inclined clamps (26) hold the roller (25) and prevent dynamic impacts. Clips (26) can be lattice, in the form of parallel or zigzag stripes. The most acceptable option is the shape of a triangle with a roller in one corner and radial recesses on each side of the roller.

It is possible to place the shutter (12) with the roller (11) in the undercut of the rotor, and the inclined clamps (26) of the roller (25) on the outside of the stator. But the first option is preferable from the perspective of metal.

In the walls of the stators (21), in the plug (7) from the side of the mouth, in the plug (16) from the side of the face and in the intersection bushings (14), combined channels are made in the form boring for the transition of the working fluid from one rotor section to another. The channels in the plugs (7 and 16) are made in the form of a cylindrical, oval or other known section.

The channels are combined in such a way that initially the working fluid supplied through flexible hoses or through channels in the pipes connected by the adapter to the input channel (4) enters the working chamber (23) of the first rotor section through the transition channel (27), while the working fluid from the working chamber (23) of the first section, at the time of the formation of a dead point in it, through the channel (13) of the intersectional sleeve (14) passes through the inlet channel (4) and the transition channel (27) into the working chamber (23) of the adjacent rotor section. For this, the rotors (10) are axially offset and separated by an intersectional sleeve (14) with channels (13) for transferring the working fluid from one rotary section to another in such a way that at the moment the working fluid begins to exit at a dead point in one section, the working fluid it doesn’t go out under pressure, and the energy returns to another similar rotor section at the time of formation of the working chamber in this adjacent section for reuse in the same process.

A similar transition of the working fluid into the working chamber (23) of the next rotor section through the transition channel (13) of the intersection sleeve (14) is possible. In this way, the launch and stable operation of the downhole mover without a flywheel and synchronizers are carried out.

The spent working fluid from the last rotor section from the bottom side through the completed output channel (17) in the plug (16) from the bottom side removes the destroyed rock displaced by the screws (9) located directly on the outer side of each rotor (10).

The casing (2) on the rotor section from the mouth side ensures the integrity of the borehole walls throughout the entire operational period. When installing tunnels, instead of a casing pipe, a lining is mounted as a structural element that directly perceives soil pressure and provides protection from groundwater and quicksand.

The working fluid is the pumping fluid supply, the compressor supplying gas, air, engine exhaust gases or steam pressure with the possibility of rotation of the working fluid during the sinking process. In this way, during drilling, simultaneous flushing and purging is ensured.

A core receiver housing (6) in the form of a hollow cylinder is inserted into the inner part of the stator (21). Cores (5) of small diameters are extracted by known core tinkers, and large-sized cores, in particular when creating underpasses, tunnels and mining, are extracted mechanically with the possible presence of people or robots in the face (tunnel). At the same time, the costs are much lower especially compared to phase drilling - expanding production to the required diameter in several passes.

When the external rotor drill operates as a downhole propulsion, the process occurs as follows. The drill is installed with the end part on the mother rock, soil (1) and the working fluid is supplied from the drilling rig through hoses or channels in pipes (not shown in Fig.) Into the adapter channel (8) and through the plug channel (7) from the mouth passes into combined input channel (4) of the stator (21) of the first section. Through the transition channels (27), the working fluid enters the working chamber (23) of the first section. Under the pressure of the working fluid on the inclined clamps (26), the rotor roller (25) drives the rotor (10) and the screws (9) located on it. When the working fluid is fed into the working chamber (23) in parallel to the action of the shutter pressing mechanism (12) by the spring (22), additional working fluid pressure is applied to the shutter (12) in the radial direction for the most complete rolling of the stator roller (1 1) (21) along the inner surface of the rotor (10). When the roller (25) of the rotor (10) approaches the transition chamber of the working fluid (24) to the channel (27) of the stator (21), the working fluid exits - the so-called dead point (MT) sets in. In order to overcome the dead point without a flywheel, the working fluid from the first section through the transition channel (13) in the intersectional sleeve (14) passes into the second section at the moment of formation of the working chamber in it.

The duty cycle in the second section is similar to the process in the first section with the release of the working fluid under pressure at the dead point through the channel (13), to the next rotary section, if any, or to the exhaust channel (17) in the absence of a third rotor section, pushing the rock (3 ), destroyed by rock-destroying elements (20) and displaced by screws (9) through an adapter (8) along the casing (2).

In the process of rotation of known rock-destroying elements (20), such as crowns, boreheads, chisels, cones located in fasteners directly on the outer rotor in the end part from the bottom side, a core (5) is formed and held in a core receiving case (6), made in the form of a hollow cylinder inserted into the inner part of the stator (21). A core (5) of small diameters is extracted by known core drills (not shown in FIG.), And a large core (5) is destroyed and removed using known mechanisms with the possible presence of a person or a robot in the face. The less costly core removal method (5) is most effective when arranging pedestrian crossings in cramped conditions and tunneling.

Claims

Claim

1. Drill external rotary bottomhole, containing at least two coaxial rotor sections, and interconnected by an intersection sleeve made with the channels of the transition of the working fluid, and plugs located at the ends of the rotor sections, characterized in that

the plug located on the end of the rotor section in the direction of the face contains rock-cutting elements, and is made with an output channel for the working fluid,

2. The drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the intersectional sleeve and plugs of the rotor sections are made in the form of an annular part providing tightness, stator-rotor coupling.

3. The drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid medium or gas or steam is used as the working fluid, while the drill is made with the possibility of rotation of the working fluid.

4. The drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter is made in the form of a rectangular trapezoid in cross section.

5. The drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclined clamps are lattice-shaped, in the form of parallel or zigzag stripes.

6. The drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclined clamps are made in the form of a triangle with a roller in one corner and radial grooves on each side of the roller.