RU2463455C1 - Rotary ball-type engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed engine comprises housing, rotor and elements making working chamber. Working chamber shaped to segments is made by two balls rolling in appropriate grooves in housing and rotor, kinetic friction being substituted for by resistance to rolling. Aforesaid grooves in housing and rotors feature cross-section shaped to segments with their chords having diameter smaller than that of balls to rule out their diametral collision and engine seizure. Housing and rotor may have several appropriate parallel grooves to make segmental working chambers. One ball stays permanently in rotor seat to tightly fit the seat iner sphere and roll over housing groove. Second ball staying in housing cylindrical groove that makes working medium feed chamber is pressed against rotor groove by working medium pressure since its feed to exhaust gas escape. Housing ball with rotor ball approaching may pulled in working medium feed chamber, simultaneously with working medium feed termination, as far as the limiter.

EFFECT: higher engine efficiency.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of energy and transport engineering, in particular to engines operating from the combustion of various types of fuel, or to supply any working fluid that provides pressure on the rotor during certain processes, as well as working on the return energy of the exhaust gases in a certain mode.

The invention allows to increase engine efficiency by replacing a significant area of sliding friction with more efficient rolling friction and creating a working chamber of a segmental profile, reduce wear of moving parts, increase engine reliability and increase the maximum number of revolutions by eliminating protrusions, dampers, springs and various elements, managing them. The rotor stroke is more than three hundred angular degrees, so the relatively uniform heating of the rotor casing and balls gives undoubted advantages over other rotary engines and especially over the Wankel rotary piston engine.

The rotary ball engine consists of a housing (stator) with an inner recess around the circumference, which provides tight contact with the outer surface of the ball located in the rotor socket from the moment the working fluid is supplied until the exhaust gases exit. In the housing, a rotor rotates with a sliding landing with an internal undercut of the segment profile along the outer circumference, which provides tight contact with the surface of the ball located in the housing. In cross section, each recess is a segment whose chord at the points of contact of the rotor with the body is less than the diameter of the recess ball in the body and form a segmental profile chamber in the rotor. On the undercuts, the balls are rolled around the outer surface to half their diameter.

One ball is located in the nest of the rotor, the depth of which is more than half its diameter, tightly in contact with it and with the undercut of the housing. The second ball moves in the feed chamber of the working fluid of the housing, tightly contacting with its inner cylindrical surface in the places of their contact. The limiter, in which electromagnetic elements can be located, allows the ball to go deep into the body only to the level of the maximum depth of the recess in the body, providing unhindered rolling of the balls at the point of their common collision. Such a system eliminates jamming in all situations and, first of all, in case of failure of the electromagnetic elements.

Known rotary engines, in the cases or rotors of which there are fixed protrusions and movable shutters of various designs, as well as springs and clamping devices.

Patents:

US 5479887 A, January 2, 1996

RU 2229610 C2, 05/27/2004 (prototype).

RU 2251007 C2, 04/27/2005

US 6,935,300 B2, Aug 30, 2005

The disadvantage of all known devices is the large area of sliding friction between moving elements, affecting the acceleration of the wear period of parts and a decrease in engine efficiency. At the moment of contact of the protrusion with the damper, a dynamic impact occurs, and the springs reduce the degree of reliability of the engine and limit the maximum number of revolutions.

In addition, for all known rotary engines, the working chamber in the cross section has a rectangular shape. But engines with a working chamber of a segmental profile formed by balls are not known.

The aim of the present invention is to increase efficiency by creating a working chamber in the most efficient form of a segmental profile, reducing sliding friction area by replacing economical rolling friction, and also increasing reliability in operation and creating conditions for higher revolutions.

Thus, the rotary ball engine containing the housing, the rotor and the elements forming the working chamber is characterized in that the working chamber having a segmental shape is formed by two balls moving along the corresponding recesses in the housing and in the motor rotor, replacing sliding friction with more effective rolling friction.

The recesses in the housing and in the rotor along which the balls move, in cross section, are segments whose chords are smaller than the diameter of the balls, which eliminates their diametrical collision and jamming of the engine.

The housing and rotor may have several corresponding parallel grooves forming the working chambers of the segmental profile.

In the absence of various movable dampers and springs, one ball is constantly located in the rotor nest and, tightly pressing against the inner sphere of the nest, is run around the undercut of the housing, and the second ball, located in the cylindrical bore of the housing, which is the feed chamber of the working fluid, is pressed against the rotor undercut by the working pressure body from the moment of its supply to the exit of exhaust gases.

The ball of the housing when approaching the ball of the rotor, simultaneously with the cessation of the supply of the working fluid, can be drawn by electromagnetic elements into the feed chamber of the working fluid to the limiter.

The drawing shows a cross section of one section of the proposed rotary ball engine for external combustion of fuel. The section consists of a fixed body 1 with an internal bore 3, which provides tight contact with the ball of the rotor over the entire area of their contact.

In the housing 1 there is a chamber for the arrival of the working fluid 8 in the form of a radial cylindrical bore with a diameter that provides tight contact with the ball 5 in the places of their contact. This bore may have a rounded narrowing at the bottom, providing additional sealing to prevent leakage of the working fluid.

The housing along the entire inner circumference has a recess of the segment profile, along which a ball located in the rotor socket is rolled in tightly. A recess 10 of a similar profile is present in the rotor along the entire outer side of its circumference. A ball located in the housing is tightly rolled around this undercut.

After installation in the housing 1 of the rotor 2 of their grooves 3 and 10 of a segmented profile, the chords of which are smaller than the diameters of the balls, form a chamber of a segmental profile.

The engine operates as follows. When the working fluid enters through the channel 6 into the chamber 8, the ball 5 is pressed tightly against the rotor groove under the pressure of the working fluid, separating the working chamber from the exhaust chamber, and the working fluid is directed through the channel 9 to the working chamber 10 under pressure. the pressure of the working fluid moves along the undercut of the housing, providing rotation of the rotor, and, accordingly, of the shaft 13.

When the ball 11 passes through the holes 4 through them using known adjusting devices not shown in the drawing, a single or gradual exit (exhaust) of the exhaust gas occurs. Some of them can be sent to the receiver for their subsequent use as return energy.

Simultaneously with the beginning of the exhaust gas outlet, channel 6 is closed and the pressure of the working fluid on the balls ceases. Under the action of inertia, the ball 11 pushes the ball 5 into the supply chamber of the working fluid 8 to the limiter 7, and without much effort, the rotor ball passes the dead center. The cycle repeats.

Channel 6 can be blocked by known devices under the pressure of the exhaust gases when they exit, as well as by ball 5 when it enters the feed chamber of the working fluid 8.

At the moment of approach of the balls, the ball 5 can be pulled into the supply chamber of the working fluid 8 with the help of electromagnetic elements, which can be located in the limiter 7. Since the electromagnetic elements are optional, they are not shown in the drawing. In the event of a malfunction of the electromagnetic elements (if any), there is an elementary mechanical effect of pushing the ball 5 with the ball 11 into the cylindrical bore 8.

In the engine casing, and accordingly in the rotor, there can be several parallel grooves that form the cameras of the segmental profile, and with the help of balls working chambers are created. In this case, the chambers can communicate with each other at certain points to move the working fluid from one to another in order to more fully burn the fuel and increase the efficiency.

The invention can be used both for the movement of any vehicles, and for the generation of electricity, drilling and other works in various economic fields.

Claims (5)

1. A rotary ball engine containing a housing, a rotor and elements forming a working chamber, characterized in that the working chamber having a segmental shape is formed by two balls moving along the corresponding recesses in the housing and in the motor rotor, replacing sliding friction with a more efficient rolling friction. 2. The rotary ball engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the recesses in the housing and in the rotor along which the balls move in cross section are segments whose chords are smaller than the diameter of the balls, which excludes their diametrical collision and jamming of the engine. 3. The rotary ball engine according to claim 2, characterized in that in the housing and rotor there may be several corresponding parallel grooves forming the working chambers of the segmental profile. 4. A rotary ball engine according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that in the absence of various movable dampers and springs, one ball is constantly located in the rotor nest and, snuggling tightly against the internal sphere of the nest, runs around the undercut of the housing, and the second ball, located in the cylindrical bore of the housing, which is the feed chamber of the working fluid, is pressed against the undercut of the rotor by the pressure of the working fluid from the moment of its supply until the exhaust gases exit. 5. The rotary ball engine according to claim 4, characterized in that the ball of the housing when approaching the ball of the rotor, simultaneously with the cessation of the supply of the working fluid, can be drawn by electromagnetic elements into the feed chamber of the working fluid to the limiter.