WO2018068563A1 - 风力发电机组及其控制方法 - Google Patents

风力发电机组及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018068563A1
WO2018068563A1 PCT/CN2017/095606 CN2017095606W WO2018068563A1 WO 2018068563 A1 WO2018068563 A1 WO 2018068563A1 CN 2017095606 W CN2017095606 W CN 2017095606W WO 2018068563 A1 WO2018068563 A1 WO 2018068563A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
power transmission
transmission system
control
functional unit
faulty
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PCT/CN2017/095606
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱海飞
牛霈
邓刚
张虓赫
Original Assignee
北京金风科创风电设备有限公司
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Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=57717717&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2018068563(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 filed Critical 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司
Priority to US16/063,199 priority Critical patent/US10826349B2/en
Priority to AU2017343403A priority patent/AU2017343403B2/en
Priority to KR1020187017971A priority patent/KR102064691B1/ko
Priority to EP17860558.0A priority patent/EP3379075B1/en
Priority to ES17860558T priority patent/ES2874190T3/es
Publication of WO2018068563A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018068563A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F03D7/047Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller characterised by the controller architecture, e.g. multiple processors or data communications
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/60Cooling or heating of wind motors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • H02K7/1838Generators mounted in a nacelle or similar structure of a horizontal axis wind turbine
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/10PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
    • H02S10/12Hybrid wind-PV energy systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0272Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor by measures acting on the electrical generator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F03D9/255Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00Application
    • F05B2220/70Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/7066Application in combination with an electrical generator via a direct connection, i.e. a gearless transmission
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/40Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/80Diagnostics
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/845Redundancy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00Control
    • F05B2270/30Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/337Electrical grid status parameters, e.g. voltage, frequency or power demand
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00Control
    • F05B2270/40Type of control system
    • F05B2270/404Type of control system active, predictive, or anticipative
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00Control
    • F05B2270/50Control logic embodiment by
    • F05B2270/502Control logic embodiment by electrical means, e.g. relays or switches
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28The renewable source being wind energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of wind power generation control, and in particular, to a wind power generator set and a control method thereof.
  • a wind turbine is a power generation device that converts wind energy into mechanical energy, mechanical energy drives the rotor to rotate, and finally outputs alternating current.
  • it is necessary to control the various systems of the wind turbine.
  • the torque control of the wind turbine the heat dissipation system control of the generator, the heat dissipation system control of the converter, the pitch control, the brake control, and the bias are involved in the operation of the wind turbine. Navigation control, etc.
  • the converter can be set to multiple, each converter adopts a relatively independent structure of the back-to-back busbar, but because of the drive motor and the machine
  • the side switch, the converter and the network side switch are integrally connected in series to form a power generation circuit, and the main control system performs single main line control. Therefore, when a certain functional unit of the wind power generator fails, the main control system can only perform the same control for the functional unit of the type, for example, only the multiple windings in the driving motor can be stopped at the same time, or the relative independent setting can be changed at the same time.
  • the control parameters of a converter cause a fault in a functional unit, the entire power generation circuit is affected, and the wind turbine can not be fully utilized, thereby reducing the power generation of the wind turbine.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a wind power generator set and a control method thereof, which solves the problem that when a functional unit of the prior art wind power generator set is connected in series, and a functional unit caused by a single main line control is damaged by the main control system, The entire power transmission system is affected, so that the wind turbine can not be fully utilized, and the technical problem of the wind power generation capacity is reduced.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a wind power generator set, including:
  • At least two sets of power transfer systems wherein the power transfer systems are connected in parallel with each other;
  • control system comprising an upper controller and a control subsystem corresponding to each set of power transmission systems, each control subsystem comprising an underlying controller;
  • the bottom controller is configured to monitor an operating state parameter of a functional unit in the corresponding power transmission system, and if the corresponding functional unit meets the abnormal condition according to the operating state parameter, the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit is Send to the upper controller;
  • the upper controller is configured to generate a running instruction to control the power transmission system to operate according to the running instruction, if it is determined that a corresponding functional unit is faulty according to an operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a wind power generator set, where the wind power generator set includes: at least two sets of power transmission systems, the power transmission systems are connected in parallel with each other; and a control system
  • the utility model comprises an upper controller and a control subsystem corresponding to each set of power transmission systems, and each control subsystem comprises an underlying controller;
  • the control method includes:
  • the underlying controller monitors an operating state parameter of a functional unit in the corresponding power transmission system, and sends an operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit to the upper layer if it is determined that the corresponding functional unit satisfies the abnormal condition according to the operating state parameter Controller
  • the upper layer controller generates a running instruction to control the power transmission system to operate according to the running instruction, if it is determined that the corresponding functional unit is faulty according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a wind power generator set and a wind power generator set control method
  • the wind power generator set includes: at least two sets of power transmission systems, the power transmission systems are connected in parallel with each other; and the control system includes an upper layer controller and each a control subsystem corresponding to the power transmission system, each control subsystem includes an underlying controller; wherein the bottom controller is used to monitor an operating state parameter of the functional unit in the corresponding power transmission system, and the corresponding functional unit is determined according to the operating state parameter When the abnormal condition is met, the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit is sent to the upper controller; the upper controller is configured to generate a running command to control the power when the corresponding functional unit is faulty according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit.
  • the transmission system works in accordance with the running instructions. Since each power transmission system is connected in parallel with each other, the same functional units in the power transmission system are independent of each other, so when a certain functional unit fails, only the power transmission system in which the functional unit is located has an influence, and does not affect other
  • the underlying controller can independently monitor the corresponding functional unit, and after the upper controller determines that the corresponding functional unit has failed, generates a running instruction to control the faulty power transmission system according to the running instruction.
  • the work does not affect the normal operation of the non-faulty power transmission system, so the wind turbine is fully utilized, thereby increasing the power generation of the wind turbine.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a wind power generator set according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a control system in a second embodiment of a wind power generator set according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an upper layer controller in a third embodiment of a wind power generator set according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 is a schematic structural view of an upper layer controller in Embodiment 4 of a wind power generator set according to the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing changes in current of a generator winding of a non-faulty power transmission system over time
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the force of the magnetic pole of the generator winding of the power transmission system
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for controlling a wind power generator set according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for controlling a wind power generator set according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a third embodiment of a method for controlling a wind power generator set according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 is a flowchart of Embodiment 4 of a method for controlling a wind power generator set according to the present invention
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of two power transmission systems for generating electricity and cutting a power transmission system for power generation.
  • the word “if” as used herein may be interpreted as “when” or “when” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting.”
  • the phrase “if determined” or “if detected (conditions or events stated)” may be interpreted as “when determined” or “in response to determination” or “when detected (stated condition or event) “Time” or “in response to a test (condition or event stated)”.
  • the wind power generator set provided in this embodiment includes: at least two sets of power transmission systems and a control system. At least two power transmission systems are connected in parallel with each other, and each power transmission system has the same functional unit. Each power transmission system can generate electricity independently or in parallel.
  • the control system includes an upper controller and a control subsystem corresponding to each set of power transmission systems, and each control subsystem includes an underlying controller.
  • the wind turbine generator set may be a permanent magnet direct drive generator set or a doubly-fed wind power generator set or other type, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the wind power generator includes at least two sets of power transmission systems, and each set of power transmission systems are connected in parallel with each other, and each set of power transmission systems has functional units having the same function, and between each set of power transmission systems The functional units of the same type are independent of each other. Therefore, the wind turbine has redundant power transmission systems.
  • each set of power transmission systems includes a power generation subsystem and an electronic transmission system, respectively.
  • the functional units of the power generation subsystem include: generator windings, generator winding heat sinks; the functional units of the power transmission system include: machine side switches, converters, converter radiators, grid side switches, and transformer windings. Wherein, the generator winding, the machine side switch, the converter, the grid side switch and the transformer winding are connected in series; the generator winding radiator is used for heat dissipation of the generator winding, and the converter radiator is used for heat dissipation of the converter.
  • the first power generation subsystem includes: a first generator winding 11a and a first generator winding heat sink 11b; and the first electronic transmission system includes: a first machine side switch 11c, a first change a current transformer 11d, a first converter heat sink 11e, a first grid side switch 31a, a first transformer winding 31b;
  • the second power generation subsystem includes a second generator winding 12a and a second generator winding heat sink 12b.
  • the second electronic transmission system includes a second machine side switch 12c, a second current transformer 12d, a second current transformer heat sink 12e, a second network side switch 32a, and a second transformer winding 32b.
  • the line connecting the control system to each functional unit is a control line
  • the line connected between the functional units is a power transmission path.
  • the generator windings in at least two sets of power generation subsystems are double or multiple windings.
  • the double winding can be set to a double Y winding.
  • the converters in each set of electronic transmission systems can be relatively independent structures of the back-to-back bus bars.
  • the generator winding radiator and the converter radiator in each electronic transmission system can be a dual pump structure.
  • the types of the machine side switch and the network side switch are not limited.
  • a corresponding underlying controller is provided, one end of the bottom controller is connected to the corresponding functional unit, and the other end of the bottom controller is connected to the upper controller.
  • the bottom controller is configured to monitor an operating state parameter of the functional unit in the corresponding power transmission system, and when the corresponding functional unit meets the abnormal condition according to the operating state parameter, the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit is sent.
  • the upper controller is configured to generate a running instruction when the corresponding functional unit fails according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit, and control the faulty power transmission system to operate according to the running instruction.
  • the control method of the wind turbine set determined by the structural positional relationship of each element can be seen in FIG.
  • the operating state parameters of each of the underlying controllers corresponding to the monitoring of the functional units in the power transfer system may vary according to the functional units.
  • the operating temperature of the rectifier module, the inverter module, the filter module, and the heartbeat signal of the converter can be monitored.
  • the monitored operating state parameter may be whether the three-phase electric current is balanced, the temperature of the generator winding, and the like.
  • each underlying controller determines, according to the running state parameter, whether the corresponding functional unit satisfies the abnormal condition, and may pre-store the numerical range of the operating state parameter abnormality of each functional unit, and the monitoring will be The value of the running state parameter is compared with the numerical range of the operating state parameter abnormality. If it falls within the abnormal numerical range, it is determined that the corresponding functional unit satisfies the abnormal condition. It is also possible to determine whether the corresponding functional unit satisfies the abnormal condition. This method is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the method for determining, by the upper layer controller, whether the corresponding functional unit is faulty according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit is not limited. If the fault condition of each functional unit can be pre-stored, it is determined whether the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit satisfies the fault condition. If it is satisfied, it is determined that the corresponding functional unit is faulty, and other methods may be used to determine whether the corresponding functional unit is faulty. This is not limited in the embodiment.
  • the running instruction may be automatically generated, or the running command may be generated after receiving the enabling signal.
  • the control fault power transmission system works according to the running instruction.
  • the running command may be an instruction to cut off the faulty power transmission system; or an instruction to adjust the operating state of the faulty power transmission system, such as an instruction to adjust an operating parameter in the faulty power transmission system to restore the faulty power transmission system to a normal command; An instruction to control the operational status of a non-faulty power transfer system.
  • the non-faulty power transmission system can operate normally, and continues Power generation and transmission work.
  • the wind power generator set provided by the embodiment includes: at least two sets of power transmission systems, wherein the power transmission systems are connected in parallel with each other; and the control system includes an upper layer controller and a control subsystem corresponding to each set of power transmission systems, each set
  • the control subsystem includes an underlying controller; wherein, the underlying controller is configured to monitor an operating state parameter of the functional unit in the corresponding power transmission system, and when the corresponding functional unit meets the abnormal condition according to the operating state parameter, the corresponding functional unit is operated.
  • the status parameter is sent to the upper controller; the upper controller is configured to generate a running instruction to control the power transmission system to operate according to the running instruction, if it is determined that the corresponding functional unit is faulty according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit.
  • each set of power transmission systems is connected in parallel with each other, the same functional units in the power transmission system are independent of each other, and the two systems can operate simultaneously, so when a certain functional unit fails, only the power transmission system in which the functional unit is located is generated. The impact does not affect the normal operation of other sets of power transmission systems.
  • the underlying controller can independently monitor the corresponding functional units. After the upper controller determines that the corresponding functional unit has failed, it generates a running command to control the faulty power transmission system. Working according to the operation instructions does not affect the normal operation of the non-faulty power generation circuit, so the wind turbine generators are fully utilized, and the full utilization of the wind power generation unit is improved. This further increases the amount of power generated by the wind turbine.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a control system in a second embodiment of the wind power generator set of the present invention.
  • the wind power generator provided by the present embodiment is based on the first embodiment of the wind power generator set of the present invention, which is a further refinement of the bottom controller and the upper controller of the control system, and the wind power provided by the embodiment
  • the generator set includes the following features.
  • the bottom controller in each control subsystem of the control system includes: a converter central control module 211, a switch control module 212, a generator winding heat dissipation control module 213, and a converter heat dissipation control module 214.
  • the converter central control module 211 is configured to control and manage the entire converter.
  • the converter central control module 211 includes: a rectification control sub-module and an inverter control sub-module.
  • the rectification control sub-module is configured to control an operating state of the rectifier module of the converter in the power transmission system, and monitor an operation state parameter of the rectifier module.
  • the inverter control sub-module is used to control the working state of the inverter module of the converter in the power transmission system, and monitor the operating state parameters of the inverter module.
  • the converter central control module 211 illustrated in FIG. 2 includes: a first converter rectification control sub-module 211a1 and a first converter inverter control sub-module 211a2, a second converter rectification control sub-module 211b1, and The second converter inverter control sub-module 211b2.
  • the rectification control submodule monitors an operation state parameter of the rectifier module of the converter in the power transmission system, and determines an operation state parameter of the rectifier module when the rectifier module satisfies an abnormal condition according to the operation state parameter. It is sent to the central control module of the converter, and is sent to the upper controller by the central control module of the converter.
  • the upper controller generates a running command and determines the flow through the failure of the rectifier module according to the operating state parameter of the rectifier module.
  • the central control module and the rectifier control sub-module control the operating state of the rectifier module of the converter in the power transmission system.
  • the inverter control sub-module monitors the operating state parameters of the inverter module of the power converter in the power transmission system, and sends the operating state parameter of the inverter module when the inverter module meets the abnormal condition according to the operating state parameter.
  • the central control module of the converter is sent to the upper controller by the central control module of the converter, and the upper controller generates a running command under the condition that the inverter module is faulty according to the operating state parameter of the inverter module, and
  • the central control module and the inverter control sub-module control the working state of the inverter module of the converter in the power transmission system.
  • the switch control module 212 is configured to control the working states of the machine side switch and the network side switch.
  • the converter central control module 211 is disposed in the converter, it being understood that the rectification control sub-module and the inverter control sub-module are also disposed in the converter.
  • the switch control module 212, the generator winding heat dissipation control module 213, and the variable flow heat dissipation control module 214 are disposed in the main control cabinet.
  • the converter central control module controls both the converter and the generator winding.
  • the bottom controller of the wind power generator includes: a converter central control module, a switch control module, a generator winding heat dissipation control module, and a converter heat dissipation control module.
  • the central control module of the converter comprises: a rectification control sub-module and an inverter control sub-module.
  • the rectification control sub-module is used for controlling the working state of the rectifier module of the converter in the power transmission system, and monitoring the operating state parameter of the rectifier module
  • the inverter control sub-module is used for controlling the inverter module of the converter in the power transmission system Working status and monitoring the operating status parameters of the inverter module.
  • the switch control module is used to control the working state of the machine side switch and the network side switch.
  • the upper layer controller, the switch control module, the generator winding heat dissipation control module, and the variable current heat dissipation control module are disposed in the main control cabinet; the converter central control module is disposed in the converter, and is more conveniently arranged in the power generation circuit The operating state parameters of the functional units are monitored and the management of the controller is facilitated.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an upper layer controller in a third embodiment of a wind power generator set according to the present invention.
  • the wind power generator provided in the present embodiment is based on the second embodiment of the wind power generator set of the present invention, and the upper layer controller is
  • the wind power generator provided by this embodiment further includes the following features.
  • the upper layer controller of the wind power generator provided in this embodiment specifically includes: a fault type determining unit 221, an operation mode determining unit 222, and a running command generating unit 223.
  • the fault type determining unit 221 is configured to determine, according to an operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit, whether the corresponding functional unit is faulty, and if a fault occurs, determine the fault type.
  • the fault type determining unit 221 can classify the fault of the power transmission system in advance and store the fault type. After determining that the corresponding functional unit is faulty according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit, determining the fault type to which the corresponding functional unit belongs according to the pre-stored fault type.
  • operation mode includes any one of the following modes:
  • the online automatic cutting mode can automatically control the mode of the faulty power transmission system to cut off without stopping the machine.
  • the offline automatic cut-off mode automatically controls the mode of the faulty power transfer system cut-off after stopping and restarting.
  • the passive cut mode is a mode in which the technician manually sends the cut enable signal and the control system controls the faulty power transfer system to cut off.
  • the fault type determining unit 221 can classify the fault type according to the operating mode. For example, the fault type that can be performed in the online automatic cut mode is divided into the first fault type, and the fault type that can be performed in the offline automatic cutoff mode is divided into the second fault type. The fault type, the fault type that can be passively cut, is divided into the third fault type.
  • the operation mode determining unit 222 is connected to the fault type determining unit 221, and is configured to determine an operating mode of the faulty power transmission system according to the correspondence between the pre-stored fault type and the operating mode.
  • the operation mode determining unit 222 stores in advance a correspondence relationship between the fault type and the operation mode. That is, the first fault type corresponds to the online automatic cut mode, the second fault type corresponds to the offline automatic cut mode, and the third fault type corresponds to the passive cut mode line. According to the fault type to which the corresponding functional unit belongs, the corresponding relationship between the pre-stored fault type and the operation mode is searched, and the cut-off mode corresponding to the fault type to which the corresponding functional unit belongs is determined.
  • the operation command generating unit 223 is connected to the operation mode determining unit 222 for generating a running instruction according to the operation mode.
  • the running instruction generating unit 223 includes: a first running instruction generating module 223a, a second running instruction generating module 223b, and a third running instruction generating module 223c.
  • the first running command generating module 223a is configured to automatically generate a cut instruction without stopping the wind turbine operation.
  • the second running command generating module 223b is configured to control the wind turbine to stop running, determine whether the wind power generating set is restarted, and automatically generate a cutting command if the wind power generating set is restarted.
  • the third run command generation module 223c is configured to determine whether the cut enable signal is received, and if the cut enable signal is received, generate a cut command according to the cut enable signal.
  • the third running command generating module 223c sends the prompt information to the central control device, so that the technician can confirm the fault again, if the faulty power transmission can be performed by cutting off The system, the other non-faulty power transmission system can continue to generate power, the technician sends a cut-off enable signal to the upper-layer controller through the central control device, and the third run command generation module 223c generates a cut-off command according to the cut-off enable signal.
  • the upper controller further includes: a faulty power transmission system control cutting unit 224.
  • the faulty power transmission system control cutting unit 224 is connected to the running command generating unit 223, and is configured to control the faulty power transmission system to stop working according to the cutting instruction and cut off from the wind power generator set.
  • the faulty power transmission system control cutting unit 224 controls the faulty power transmission system according to The cut instruction stops working.
  • the operating state parameter of the functional unit in the corresponding power transmission system is monitored by the bottom controller, and the operating state of the corresponding functional unit is determined when the corresponding functional unit meets the abnormal condition according to the operating state parameter.
  • the parameter is sent to the upper controller, and the fault type determining unit in the upper controller determines whether the corresponding functional unit is faulty according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit. If a fault occurs, the fault type is determined, and the operating mode determining unit is based on the fault type and pre-stored.
  • the corresponding relationship between the fault type and the operation mode determines the operation mode of the power transmission system, and the operation command generation unit generates the operation instruction according to the operation mode.
  • the operating mode is an online automatic cutting mode, an offline automatic cutting mode or a passive cutting mode
  • the running command is a cutting instruction
  • the fault power transmission system controls the cutting unit to control the fault power transmission system to stop working according to the cutting instruction
  • the fault power transmission system is generated from the wind power generation. Cut out in the unit. Not only the wind turbines have been fully utilized, but also the power generation of wind turbines has been increased. And in the face of a variety of fault types, if the fault can not be recovered, the faulty power transmission system is directly removed.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an upper layer controller in a fourth embodiment of a wind power generator set according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the wind power generator provided in the present embodiment controls the upper layer on the basis of the third embodiment of the wind power generator set of the present invention. Further refinement of the device.
  • the upper layer controller further includes: a provisioning control parameter calculation unit 225 and a non-faulty power transmission system control unit 226.
  • the deployment control parameter calculation unit 225 is configured to calculate the deployment control parameter in the non-faulty power transmission system.
  • the adjusted control parameters include, for example, a torque setting value of a generator in a non-faulty power transmission system, a reactive power setting value, an inductance value of the generator, a resistance value, and data of a flux linkage.
  • the adjusted control parameters may also include: adjusting the control parameters of the current circulating current, and the like.
  • the inductance value, the resistance value and the flux linkage data of the generator in the non-faulty power transmission system are parameters of the generator winding in the non-faulty power transmission system.
  • the parameters of the generator windings in the non-faulty power transmission system are determined by simulation and testing of the faulty power transmission system after cutting, or after the faulty power transmission system is cut off, the central control module of the converter acquires non- The current and voltage changes of the converter in the faulty power transmission system are sent to the upper controller, and the upper controller calculates the parameters of the windings in the non-faulty power transmission system according to the changes of current and voltage.
  • the non-faulty power transmission system control unit 226 is coupled to the provisioning control parameter calculation unit 225 for controlling the operating state of the non-faulty power transmission system in accordance with the provisioning control parameters.
  • the deployment control parameter calculation unit 225 controls the non-control according to the torque setting value of the generator, the reactive reference value, the inductance value of the generator, the resistance value, and the flux linkage data in the deployment control parameter.
  • the operating state of the generator in the faulty power transmission system enables the generator to increase the amount of power generated to meet the requirements.
  • the configuration control parameter calculation unit 225 can control the generator winding according to the adjustment control parameter for suppressing the current circulation. Current circulation in the group.
  • the bottom controller monitors the operating state parameter of the functional unit in the corresponding power transmission system, and determines the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit when the corresponding functional unit meets the abnormal condition according to the operating state parameter.
  • the upper controller is configured to determine whether the corresponding functional unit is faulty according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit, and if the fault occurs, determine the fault type, according to the fault type and the corresponding relationship between the pre-stored fault type and the operating mode, Determining the operation mode of the power transmission system, and generating a running instruction according to the operation mode; wherein, the operation mode is an online automatic ablation mode, an offline automatic ablation mode or a passive ablation mode, and the running instruction is a cutting instruction, and the control fault power transmission system stops operating according to the cutting instruction.
  • the faulty power transmission system is cut off from the wind power generator; the deployment control parameter calculation unit in the upper controller calculates the deployment control parameter in the non-faulty power transmission system, and the non-faulty power transmission system control unit, Formulation in accordance with the control parameters to control the operating state of non-fault power transfer system, not only the wind turbine has been fully utilized, the increase of wind turbine power generation. And after the faulty power transmission system is cut off, the non-faulty power transmission system can also meet the power generation requirements.
  • the generator of the wind turbine of the present invention adopts a structure of two windings or multiple windings.
  • the U/V/W phases of each set of generator windings are spatially uniform, so there is no current circulating between the different branches arranged in parallel between the phases.
  • a direct-drive permanent magnet generator Taking a direct-drive permanent magnet generator as an example, if the direct-drive permanent magnet generator has two sets of power transmission systems, after the faulty power transmission system is cut off, the current of the winding of the non-faulty power transmission system is collected, and the magnetic pole The situation of stress.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing changes in current of a generator winding of a non-faulty power transmission system with time.
  • each phase includes eight branches arranged in parallel, and the respective currents of the eight branches in the same phase are collected. , to get the maximum current and minimum current.
  • the two curves 501 and 502 in Fig. 5 are the third branch current curve and the seventh branch current curve on the U phase, respectively, which are the maximum current and the minimum current on the U phase, respectively.
  • the two curves 503 and 504 are the third branch current curve and the seventh branch current curve on the V phase, which are the maximum current and the minimum current on the V phase, respectively.
  • the two curves of 505 and 506 are the first branch current curve and the ninth branch current and current curve on the W phase, which are the maximum current and the minimum current of the W phase, respectively.
  • the lower three curves in FIG. 5 are respectively curves formed by the current difference between the maximum current branch and the minimum current branch in each phase, which are respectively corresponding current loops.
  • Curve 509 is the U-phase current loop
  • curve 508 is the V-phase current loop
  • curve 507 is the W-phase current loop.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the force of the magnetic pole of the generator winding of the power transmission system.
  • the four curves in the figure are the tangential force and radial force of the magnetic pole in the case of double winding or single winding operation. The curve of change. It can be seen from Fig. 6 that after the faulty power transmission system is cut off, the tangential force and the radial force of the single magnetic pole of the non-faulty power transmission system will increase a lot, and the increase is about 3%.
  • the wind power generator provided in this embodiment is in the present invention.
  • the fourth embodiment of the wind turbine includes the following features.
  • the configuration control parameter is: a harmonic control parameter of the harmonic current.
  • the configuration control parameter calculation unit 225 is specifically configured to calculate a harmonic control parameter of the harmonic current according to the current circulation generated by the generator winding during operation of the non-faulty power transmission system.
  • harmonic current is a current that suppresses the current circulation.
  • Harmonic current modulation control parameters include: amplitude, phase and frequency.
  • the current loop is collected to determine the amplitude, phase, and frequency of the current loop. Then calculate the amplitude of the harmonic current equal to the amplitude of the current loop, the phase of the harmonic current is opposite to the phase of the current loop, and the frequency of the harmonic current is equal to the frequency of the current loop.
  • the non-faulty power transmission system control unit 226 is specifically configured to control the harmonic current of the inverter of the converter in the non-faulty power transmission system according to the harmonic control parameter of the harmonic current to eliminate the current circulation.
  • the inverter module of the converter in the non-faulty power transmission system is controlled to generate a harmonic current, and the harmonic current is injected, due to the harmonic current
  • the amplitude and frequency are equal to the amplitude and frequency of the current loop, and the phases are opposite, allowing the injected harmonic current to cancel the current loop.
  • the elimination of the current circulation reduces the radial and tangential forces generated on the magnetic pole to the amount before the faulty power transmission system is removed, thereby suppressing the vibration of the generator and suppressing the noise pitch.
  • the wind power generator provided in this embodiment, the faulty power transmission system in the upper controller controls the cutting unit to control the fault power transmission system to stop running according to the cutting instruction, and after the cutting off from the wind power generator, the control parameter calculation unit is configured according to the non-fault power
  • the current circulation generated by the generator winding during the operation of the transmission system calculates the harmonic control parameter of the harmonic current; the control unit of the non-faulty power transmission system controls the inverter of the non-faulty power transmission system according to the harmonic control parameter
  • the module injects harmonic currents to eliminate current loops. Not only the wind turbines have been fully utilized, but also the power generation of wind turbines has been increased. Moreover, the elimination of the current circulation reduces the radial force and the tangential force generated on the magnetic pole to the amount before the faulty power transmission system is removed, thereby suppressing the vibration of the generator and suppressing the noise pitch.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for controlling a wind power generator set according to the present invention.
  • the control method of the wind power generator set provided in this embodiment is used to control the wind power generator set provided by the foregoing embodiment. Meanwhile, for a better understanding of the present embodiment, the structural positional relationship of each element and the like can be seen in FIG.
  • the control method of the wind power generator is applied to the wind power generator provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, the wind power generator set includes: at least two sets of power transmission systems, the power transmission systems are connected in parallel with each other; and the control system includes an upper layer controller And a control subsystem corresponding to each set of power transmission system, each control subsystem includes an underlying controller. Then, the control method of the wind power generator provided by the embodiment includes the following steps.
  • Step 701 The bottom controller monitors an operating state parameter of the functional unit in the corresponding power transmission system, and if the corresponding functional unit meets the abnormal condition according to the operating state parameter, sends the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit to Upper controller.
  • the underlying controllers are respectively: in the converter Central control module, switch control module, generator winding heat dissipation control module and converter heat dissipation control module.
  • the operating state parameters of each of the underlying controllers corresponding to the monitoring functional units in the power transmission system may vary according to the functional units.
  • the method for determining, by the underlying controller, whether the corresponding functional unit satisfies the abnormal condition according to the running state parameter is not limited.
  • a description is given to each of the underlying controllers corresponding to the monitoring of the operating state parameters of the functional units in the power transmission system, and a description of each of the underlying controllers to determine whether the corresponding functional units meet the abnormal conditions according to the operating state parameters.
  • Step 702 The upper controller generates a running instruction to control the faulty power transmission system to operate according to the running instruction, if it is determined that the corresponding functional unit is faulty according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit.
  • the upper layer controller is connected to each of the underlying controllers in the control subsystem, and communicates via a bus or Ethernet.
  • the method for determining, by the upper layer controller, whether the corresponding function unit is faulty according to the running state parameter of the corresponding function unit is not limited. If the fault condition of each functional unit can be pre-stored, it is determined whether the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit satisfies the fault condition. If it is satisfied, it is determined that the corresponding functional unit is faulty, and other methods may be used to determine whether the corresponding functional unit is faulty. This is not limited in the embodiment.
  • the manner of transmitting the running instruction is not limited.
  • the controller determines, according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit, a description of a method for whether the corresponding functional unit is faulty, and after determining that the corresponding functional unit is faulty, the method for transmitting the running instruction is specifically described in the present invention.
  • the corresponding description in the first embodiment of the unit will not be repeated here.
  • the bottom state controller monitors the operating state parameter of the functional unit in the corresponding power transmission system, and determines that the corresponding functional unit satisfies the abnormal condition according to the operating state parameter,
  • the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit is sent to the upper controller;
  • the upper controller generates a running command to control the faulty power transmission system according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit to determine that the corresponding functional unit is faulty.
  • the run command works.
  • each power transmission system in the wind power generator is connected in parallel with each other, the same functional units in the power transmission system are independent of each other, so when a certain functional unit fails, only the circuit in which the functional unit is located has an influence, and does not affect other
  • the underlying controller can independently monitor the corresponding functional unit, and after the upper controller determines that the corresponding functional unit has failed, generates a running instruction to control the faulty power transmission system according to the running instruction. The work is carried out without affecting the normal operation of the non-faulty power generation circuit, so the wind turbine is fully utilized. This further increases the amount of power generated by the wind turbine.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for controlling a wind power generator set according to the present invention.
  • the control method of the wind power generator set provided in this embodiment is a step 702 of the first embodiment of the control method for the wind power generator set of the present invention. Further refinement, at the same time, in order to better understand the present embodiment, the structural positional relationship of each component, etc. See Figure 3. Then, the control method of the wind power generator provided by the embodiment includes the following steps.
  • Step 801 The bottom controller monitors an operating state parameter of the functional unit in the corresponding power transmission system, and sends an operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit to the upper controller when the corresponding functional unit meets the abnormal condition according to the operating state parameter.
  • the implementation of the step 801 is the same as the implementation of the step 701 in the first embodiment of the control method of the wind turbine of the present invention, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step 802 The upper layer controller determines, according to an operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit, whether the corresponding functional unit is faulty, and if a fault occurs, determining the fault type.
  • the faults of the power transmission system are classified in advance, and the fault types are stored. After determining that the corresponding functional unit is faulty according to the operating state parameter of the corresponding functional unit, determining the fault type to which the corresponding functional unit belongs according to the pre-stored fault type.
  • the fault type can be classified according to the operation mode. For example, the fault type that can be performed in the online automatic cut mode is divided into the first fault type, and the fault type that can be performed in the offline automatic cut mode is divided into the second fault type, which can be performed.
  • the fault type of the passive cut mode is divided into the third fault type.
  • Step 803 The upper layer controller determines an operation mode of the faulty power transmission system according to a correspondence between the pre-stored fault type and the operation mode.
  • the operation mode includes any of the following modes:
  • the correspondence between the fault type and the operation mode is stored in advance. That is, the first fault type corresponds to the online automatic cut mode, the second fault type corresponds to the offline automatic cut mode, and the third fault type corresponds to the passive cut mode line. According to the fault type to which the corresponding functional unit belongs, the corresponding relationship between the pre-stored fault type and the operation mode is searched, and the operation mode corresponding to the fault type to which the corresponding functional unit belongs is determined.
  • step 804 the upper controller determines whether the operation mode is the online automatic cut mode. If yes, step 805 is performed; otherwise, step 806 is performed.
  • the operation mode includes three types, and it is first determined whether the operation mode is the online automatic resection mode for the most convenient resection process.
  • step 805 the upper controller automatically generates a resection command without stopping the operation of the wind turbine.
  • the fault corresponding to the online automatic cut mode is a fault that can cut off the power transmission system of the corresponding component without stopping the machine, if the operation mode is the online automatic cut mode, the wind power generation is not stopped.
  • the cut command is automatically generated and step 814 is executed.
  • the first type of fault includes the temperature of the heat sink of the converter is too high, and the temperature of the converter Du/Dt module is over temperature. These faults can be located to the faulty functional unit, and then locate which set of power transmission system occurs. malfunction. Therefore, the faulty power transmission system can be cut off without stopping the machine.
  • step 806 the upper controller determines whether the operation mode is the offline automatic cut mode. If yes, step 807 is performed; otherwise, step 809 is performed.
  • step 807 the upper controller controls the wind turbine to stop running.
  • step 808 if the wind turbine is restarted, a cutoff command is automatically generated.
  • the offline automatic ablation mode can automatically control the mode for performing the faulty power transmission system after the shutdown and restart, compared to the online automatic ablation mode, the mode needs to be stopped and determined to be restarted.
  • the automatic control performs the cutting of the faulty power generation circuit.
  • the second type of fault includes abnormal heartbeat signals of the single power generation circuit and the converter, and loss of feedback of the water-cooled UPS battery. These faults cannot locate the fault point. Then identify the faulty power transfer system when the unit is restarted and then cut it off.
  • step 814 is performed.
  • step 809 the upper controller determines that the operation mode is the passive cut mode.
  • step 810 the upper controller determines whether the upper controller receives the instruction to completely solve the unit problem, and if so, ends, otherwise, step 811 is performed.
  • step 811 the upper controller determines whether a cut enable signal is received. If yes, step 812 is performed, otherwise step 813 is performed.
  • step 812 the upper controller generates a cutoff command according to the cut enable signal.
  • step 813 the upper controller controls the wind turbine to stop running and performs maintenance operations.
  • the present embodiment will be described in conjunction with steps 809-813. Specifically, in this embodiment, if the operation mode does not belong to the online automatic resection mode and the offline automatic resection mode, it is determined that the operation mode is the passive resection mode. Among them, the passive ablation mode requires a technician to intervene to perform the ablation mode.
  • the third type of fault includes a three-phase electric current imbalance fault of a single power generation loop winding.
  • the central control device After the technician knows that the wind turbine generator has a third type of fault through the central control device, after the fault arrives at the scene, the fault is re-determined and the fault is solved. After the fault is completely solved, the central control device sends a complete solution to the upper controller. The command of the unit problem, the wind turbine can continue to generate electricity without the removal of the faulty power transmission system. If the fault occurs in a power transmission system and cannot be solved in a short time, the central control device sends a cut-off enable signal to the upper controller, so that the upper controller generates a cut-off command according to the cut-off enable signal. And step 815 is performed.
  • step 814 the upper controller controls the faulty power transmission system to stop working according to the resecting instruction, and cuts off from the wind turbine.
  • the control failure power transmission system stops operating according to the resection command, and the faulty power transmission system is cut off from the wind turbine.
  • the control method of the wind power generator monitors the operating state parameter of the functional unit in the corresponding power transmission system through the bottom controller, and determines the corresponding functional unit when the corresponding functional unit meets the abnormal condition according to the operating state parameter.
  • the running state parameter is sent to the upper controller, and the upper controller determines whether the corresponding functional unit is faulty according to the running state parameter of the corresponding functional unit. If a fault occurs, the fault type is determined, and the upper controller according to the pre-stored fault type and the operating mode Corresponding relationship determines an operation mode of the faulty power transmission system, wherein the operation mode may be an online automatic ablation mode or an offline automatic ablation mode or a passive ablation mode.
  • the upper controller generates a running command according to the operating mode, the running command is a cutting command, and the control fault power transmission system stops working according to the cutting instruction, and the fault power transmission system is cut off from the wind power generator. Faced with multiple fault types, the corresponding cut mode is used to generate the cutoff command, The full utilization of wind turbines alone increases the amount of power generated by wind turbines. And in the face of a variety of fault types, if the fault can not be recovered, the faulty power transmission system is directly removed.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a third embodiment of a control method for a wind power generator set according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the present embodiment controls fault power in an upper layer controller based on the second embodiment of the control method for the wind power generator set of the present invention. The transmission system stops working according to the resecting instruction, and after the removal from the wind turbine, the following steps are also included.
  • step 901 the upper controller calculates the deployment control parameter in the non-faulty power transmission system.
  • the adjusted control parameters include: a torque set value of the generator in the non-faulty power transmission system, a reactive set value, a generator inductance value, a resistance value, and a flux linkage data.
  • the inductance value, the resistance value and the flux linkage data of the generator in the non-faulty power transmission system are parameters of the generator winding in the non-faulty power transmission system.
  • the calculation method of the parameters of the generator winding in the non-faulty power transmission system can be referred to the description in the fourth embodiment of the wind power generator of the present invention.
  • Step 902 The upper controller controls the operating state of the non-faulty power transmission system according to the deployment control parameter.
  • the upper layer controller controls the non-faulty power transmission according to the torque setting value of the generator, the reactive reference value, the inductance value of the generator, the resistance value, and the flux linkage data in the deployment control parameter.
  • the operating state of the generator in the system enables the generator to increase the amount of power generated to meet the requirements.
  • the control method of the wind power generator provided by the embodiment provides that the upper controller controls the deployment control parameter in the non-faulty power transmission system after the upper controller controls the faulty power transmission system to stop working according to the resecting instruction and is cut off from the wind turbine.
  • the configuration control parameters include: a torque set value of the generator in the non-faulty power transmission system, a reactive set value, a generator inductance value, a resistance value, and a flux linkage data.
  • the upper controller controls the operating state of the non-faulty power transmission system according to the deployment control parameters. Not only the full utilization of wind turbines, but also the power generation of wind turbines. And after the faulty power transmission system is cut off, the non-faulty power transmission system can also meet the power generation requirements.
  • FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a fourth embodiment of a method for controlling a wind power generator set according to the present invention.
  • the present embodiment is based on the third embodiment of the control method for a wind power generator set according to the present invention, and the control parameters include: harmonics.
  • the current is adjusted by the control parameter, and the upper controller controls the faulty power transmission system to stop working according to the resecting instruction, and the following steps are also included after the removal from the wind turbine.
  • step 1001 the upper controller calculates the harmonic control parameter of the harmonic current according to the current circulating current generated by the generator winding during the operation of the non-faulty power transmission system.
  • harmonic current is a current that suppresses the current circulation.
  • Harmonic current modulation control parameters include: amplitude, phase and frequency.
  • the current loop is collected to determine the amplitude, phase, and frequency of the current loop. Then calculate the amplitude of the harmonic current equal to the amplitude of the current loop, the phase of the harmonic current is opposite to the phase of the current loop, and the frequency of the harmonic current is equal to the frequency of the current loop.
  • step 1002 the upper controller controls the harmonic current of the inverter of the non-faulty power transmission system according to the harmonic control parameter to control the harmonic current, so as to eliminate the current circulation.
  • the non-faulty electrical energy is controlled according to the amplitude, phase and frequency of the harmonic current.
  • the inverter module of the converter in the transmission system generates a harmonic current and injects the harmonic current. Since the amplitude and frequency of the harmonic current are equal to the amplitude and frequency of the current circulation, and the phases are opposite, the injected harmonic current can be Eliminate current circulation. The elimination of the current circulation reduces the radial and tangential forces generated on the magnetic pole to the amount before the faulty power transmission system is removed, thereby suppressing the vibration of the generator and suppressing the noise pitch.
  • the control method of the wind power generator provided by the embodiment, the faulty power transmission system in the upper controller controls the cutting unit to control the fault power transmission system to stop running according to the cutting instruction, after the wind turbine is cut off, the upper controller is based on the non-fault
  • the current circulation generated by the generator windings during the operation of the power transmission system calculates the harmonic control parameters of the harmonic current; the upper controller controls the harmonic parameters of the inverter to control the harmonics of the inverter, and controls the inverter module to inject harmonics into the inverter of the non-faulty power transmission system.
  • the current is used to eliminate the current circulation, which not only makes full use of the wind turbine, but also increases the power generation of the wind turbine.
  • the elimination of the current circulation reduces the radial force and the tangential force generated on the magnetic pole to the amount before the faulty power transmission system is removed, thereby suppressing the vibration of the generator and suppressing the noise tones caused by the vibration of the engine.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of two power transmission systems for generating electricity and cutting a power transmission system for power generation.
  • the abscissa in Figure 11 is the wind speed, and the ordinate on the left is the percentage of each wind speed segment under a certain terrain condition. The ordinate of the side is the amount of power generated.
  • the curve marked with " ⁇ ” is the Will distribution probability curve
  • the curve marked with "x” is the power generation curve of the wind turbine of two sets of power generation circuits
  • the curve marked with " ⁇ ” is cut off.
  • the whole power generation output mode is as follows.
  • the power output circuit Since the generating power of the unit is less than 1.5MW before the wind speed is less than 7.5m/s, the power output circuit will not affect the output of the whole machine after 3-7.5m/s; the power generation of 7.0-10.4m/s After the circuit is cut off, the wind turbine output can be constant at 1.5MW output, but the output of the original two sets of power generation circuits is less than 3MW, and the output power loss is less than 50%; 10.4-22m/s, after a set of power generation circuit is cut off, the wind power The output of the generator set can be constant at 1.5MW output. The output of the original two sets of power generation circuits is 3MW, and the output power loss is 50%. Assuming that the overall utilization rate of the wind turbine is 95%, the control method of the wind turbine of the present invention is used, the availability of the unit is increased to 98.3%, the increase is 3.36 percentage points, and the power generation is increased by 168282 degrees.
  • control method of the wind turbine provided by the present invention not only fully utilizes the wind turbine, but also increases the power generation of the wind turbine.
  • embodiments of the present invention also provide an upper layer controller that includes one or more program modules configured to be executed by one or more processors.
  • the one or more program modules include a failure type determination unit 221, an operation mode determination unit 222, and a run command generation unit 223.
  • the functions of the fault type determining unit 221, the operating mode determining unit 222, and the running command generating unit 223 are described above, and are not described herein again.
  • the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium and a computer program embedded therein, the computer program comprising means for performing step S802 The instruction of step S814.
  • the computer program further comprises instructions for performing steps S901 and S902.
  • the computer program further comprises instructions for performing steps S1001 and S1002.
  • the aforementioned program can be stored in a readable storage medium.
  • the program when executed, performs the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • each functional unit of the upper layer controller may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.
  • the integrated modules, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as separate products, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium mentioned above may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

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Abstract

一种风力发电机组,包括:至少两套电能传输系统,电能传输系统彼此并联;控制系统(2),其包括上层控制器(22)以及与各套电能传输系统对应设置的控制子系统,每套控制子系统包括底层控制器(21);其中,底层控制器(21)用于监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器(22);上层控制器(22)用于在根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,控制电能传输系统依照运行指令进行工作,对风力发电机组的进行了充分利用,进而提高了风力发电机组的发电量。还披露了一种风力发电机组的控制方法。

Description

风力发电机组及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及风力发电控制的技术领域,尤其涉及一种风力发电机组及其控制方法。
背景技术
风力发电机是将风能转化为机械能,机械能驱动转子旋转,最终输出交流电的发电设备。为了保障风力发电机整机的正常运行,需要对风力发电机的各个系统进行控制。如对于永磁直驱风力发电机而言,在风力发电机运行过程中涉及到风力发电机的扭矩控制、发电机散热系统控制、变流器散热系统控制、变桨控制、制动控制、偏航控制等。
在目前的风力发电机的整机结构中,驱动电机虽然具有多绕组的结构,变流器也可以设置为多个,每个变流器采用背靠背母线相对独立的结构,但由于驱动电机、机侧开关、变流器、网侧开关整体串联共同构成一个发电电路,并由主控系统进行单个主线控制。所以在风力发电整机的某一功能单元出现故障时,主控系统只能对该类功能单元进行同一控制,例如只能同时停止运行驱动电机中的多绕组,或者同时改变相对独立设置的多个变流器的控制参数,导致某一功能单元出现故障时,整个发电电路均受影响,进而不能对风力发电机组进行充分的利用,降低了风力发电机组的发电量。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种风力发电机组及其控制方法,解决了现有技术的风力发电机组中各功能单元整体串联,并由主控系统进行单个主线控制造成的某一功能单元出现故障时,整个电能传输系统均受影响,进而不能对风力发电机组进行充分的利用,降低了风力发电机的发电量的技术问题。
第一方面,本发明实施例提供了一种风力发电机组,包括:
至少两套电能传输系统,所述电能传输系统之间彼此并联;
控制系统,其包括上层控制器以及与各套电能传输系统对应设置的控制子系统,每套控制子系统包括底层控制器;
其中,所述底层控制器用于监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据所述运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器;
所述上层控制器用于在根据所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,控制所述电能传输系统依照所述运行指令进行工作。
第二方面,本发明实施例提供一种风力发电机组的控制方法,所述风力发电机组包括:至少两套电能传输系统,所述电能传输系统之间彼此并联;控制系统,其 包括上层控制器以及与各套电能传输系统对应设置的控制子系统,每套控制子系统包括底层控制器;
所述控制方法包括:
所述底层控制器监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据所述运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器;
所述上层控制器在根据所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,控制所述电能传输系统依照所述运行指令进行工作。
本发明实施例提供一种风力发电机组及风力发电机组的控制方法,该风力发电机组包括:至少两套电能传输系统,电能传输系统之间彼此并联;控制系统,其包括上层控制器以及与各套电能传输系统对应设置的控制子系统,每套控制子系统包括底层控制器;其中,底层控制器用于监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器;上层控制器用于在根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,控制电能传输系统依照运行指令进行工作。由于每套电能传输系统之间彼此并联,电能传输系统中的相同功能单元彼此独立,所以在某一功能单元出现故障时,只对该功能单元所在的电能传输系统产生影响,并不会影响其他套电能传输系统的正常运行,底层控制器能够对对应的功能单元进行独立监测,由上层控制器判断出对应功能单元发生故障后,生成运行指令,控制所述故障电能传输系统依照所述运行指令进行工作,不影响非故障电能传输系统的正常运行,所以对风力发电机组的进行了充分利用,进而提高了风力发电机组的发电量。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明风力发电机组实施例一的结构示意图;
图2为本发明风力发电机组的实施例二中控制系统的结构示意图;
图3为本发明风力发电机组的实施例三中上层控制器的结构示意图;
图4为本发明风力发电机组的实施例四中的上层控制器的结构示意图;
图5为非故障电能传输系统发电机绕组的电流随时间的变化情况示意图;
图6为电能传输系统发电机绕组的磁极的受力情况示意图;
图7为本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例一的流程图;
图8为本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例二的流程图;
图9为本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例三的流程图;
图10为本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例四的流程图;
图11为两套电能传输系统进行发电和切除一套电能传输系统进行发电的模式示意图。
附图标记:
1-发电子系统 11a-第一发电机绕组 11b-第一发电机绕组散热器 11c-第一机侧开关 11d-第一变流器 11e-第一变流器散热器 12a-第二发电机绕组 12b-第二发电机绕组散热器 12c-第二机侧开关 12d-第二变流器 12e-第二变流器散热器 2-控制系统 21-底层控制器 211-变流器中央控制模块 211a1-第一变流器整流控制子模块 211a2-第一变流器逆变控制子模块 211b1-第二变流器整流控制子模块 211b2-第二变流器逆变控制子模块 212-开关控制模块 213-发电机绕组散热控制模块 214-变流器散热控制模块 22-上层控制器 221-故障类型确定单元 222-运行模式确定单元 223-运行命令生成单元 223a-第一运行指令生成模块 223b-第二运行指令生成模块 223c-第三运行指令生成模块 224-故障电能传输系统控制切除单元 225-调配控制参数计算单元 226-非故障电能传输系统控制单元 3-输电子系统 31a-第一网侧开关 31b-第一变压器绕组 32a-第二网侧开关 32b-第二变压器绕组 501-U相上的第3条支路电流曲线(Coil#1u3) 502-U相上的第7条支路电流曲线(Coil#1u7) 503-V相上的第3条支路电流曲线(Coil#1v3) 504-V相上的第7条支路电流曲线(Coil#1v7) 505-W相上的第1条支路电流曲线(Coil#1w1) 506-W相上的第9条支路电流电流曲线(Coil#1w9) 507-W相的电流环流曲线 508-V相的电流环流曲线 509-U相的电流环流曲线
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
应当理解,本文中使用的术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本文中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
取决于语境,如在此所使用的词语“如果”可以被解释成为“在……时”或“当……时”或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测”。类似地,取决于语境,短语“如果确定”或“如果检测(陈述的条件或事件)”可以被解释成为“当确定时”或“响应于确定”或“当检测(陈述的条件或事件)时”或“响应于检测(陈述的条件或事件)”。
图1为本发明风力发电机组实施例一的结构示意图,本实施例提供的风力发电机组包括:至少两套电能传输系统以及控制系统。至少两套电能传输系统之间彼此并联,每套电能传输系统具有相同的功能单元。每套电能传输系统可以独立进行发电,也可以并联发电。控制系统包括上层控制器以及与各套电能传输系统对应设置的控制子系统,每套控制子系统包括底层控制器。
本实施例中,在图1中只示意出两套电能传输系统的情景,根据发电量的需求, 也可以为三套电能传输系统或四套电能传输系统等。本实施例中,对此不做限定。其中,该风力发电机组可以为永磁直驱发电机组或双馈风力发电机组或其他类型,本实施例中对此不做限定。
具体地,本实施例中,风力发电机组包括至少两套电能传输系统,各套电能传输系统之间彼此并联,每套电能传输系统中具有功能相同的功能单元,各套电能传输系统之间的同类功能单元间彼此独立。因此该风力发电机组中具有冗余的电能传输系统。
本实施例中,各套电能传输系统分别包括发电子系统和输电子系统。
发电子系统的功能单元包括:发电机绕组、发电机绕组散热器;输电子系统的功能单元包括:机侧开关、变流器、变流器散热器、网侧开关和变压器绕组。其中,发电机绕组、机侧开关、变流器、网侧开关和变压器绕组依次串联;发电机绕组散热器用于为发电机绕组散热,变流器散热器用于为变流器散热。
则如图1所示,在第一发电子系统中包括:第一发电机绕组11a、第一发电机绕组散热器11b;第一输电子系统中包括:第一机侧开关11c、第一变流器11d、第一变流器散热器11e、第一网侧开关31a、第一变压器绕组31b;
在第二发电子系统中包括:第二发电机绕组12a、第二发电机绕组散热器12b。第二输电子系统中包括:第二机侧开关12c、第二变流器12d、第二变流器散热器12e、第二网侧开关32a和第二变压器绕组32b。
在图1中控制系统与各功能单元相连的线路为控制线路,各功能单元之间相连的线路为电能传输路径。
本实施例中,至少两套发电子系统中的发电机绕组为双绕组或多绕组。例如,可将双绕组设置为双Y绕组。每套输电子系统中的变流器可以为背对背母线相对独立结构。每套输电子系统中的发电机绕组散热器和变流器散热器均可以为双泵结构。机侧开关和网侧开关的类型不做限定。
其中,针对每套发电子系统中的每个功能单元,均设置有相应的底层控制器,底层控制器的一端与对应的功能单元相连,底层控制器的另一端与上层控制器相连。
本实施例中,底层控制器,用于监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器;
上层控制器,用于在根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,控制故障电能传输系统依照运行指令进行工作。
为更好地理解本实施例,通过各元件的结构位置关系确定的风力发电机组的控制方法可参见图7。在实际应用中,每个底层控制器对应监测电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数可根据功能单元的不同有所不同。如对于变流器,可监测变流器中整流模块、逆变模块、滤波模块的运行温度,变流器心跳信号等。对于发电机绕组,监测的运行状态参数可以为三相电电流是否平衡、发电机绕组的温度等。
本实施例中,每个底层控制器根据运行状态参数判断对应功能单元的是否满足异常条件的方法可以预先存储每个功能单元的运行状态参数异常的数值范围,将监测到 的运行状态参数的数值与运行状态参数异常的数值范围进行对比,若落入在异常的数值范围内,则确定对应功能单元满足异常条件。判断对应功能单元的是否满足异常条件也可以为其他方法,本实施例中对此不做限定。
本实施例中,上层控制器根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元是否发生故障的方法不做限定。如可以预存有每个功能单元的故障条件,判断对应功能单元的运行状态参数是否满足故障条件,若满足,则确定对应功能单元发生故障,也可以采用其他方法判断对应功能单元是否发生故障,本实施例中对此不做限定。
本实施例中,在根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下确定对应功能单元发生故障后,可自动生成运行指令,也可在接收到使能信号后,生成运行指令,控制故障电能传输系统依照运行指令进行工作。运行指令可以为对故障电能传输系统进行切除的指令;也可为调节故障电能传输系统运行状态的指令,如调节故障电能传输系统中的运行参数以使故障电能传输系统恢复正常的指令;还可以为控制非故障电能传输系统的运行状态的指令。
本实施例中,在上层控制器控制故障电能传输系统依照运行指令进行工作时,由于该故障电能传输系统与非故障电能传输系统之间彼此并联,所以非故障电能传输系统能够正常运行,继续进行发电输电工作。
本实施例提供的风力发电机组,包括:至少两套电能传输系统,电能传输系统之间彼此并联;控制系统,其包括上层控制器以及与各套电能传输系统对应设置的控制子系统,每套控制子系统包括底层控制器;其中,底层控制器用于监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器;上层控制器用于在根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,控制电能传输系统依照运行指令进行工作。由于每套电能传输系统之间彼此并联,电能传输系统中的相同功能单元彼此独立,两套系统可以同时运行,所以在某一功能单元出现故障时,只对该功能单元所在的电能传输系统产生影响,并不会影响其他套电能传输系统的正常运行,底层控制器能够对对应的功能单元进行独立监测,由上层控制器判断出对应功能单元发生故障后,生成运行指令,控制故障电能传输系统依照运行指令进行工作,不影响非故障发电电路的正常运行,所以对风力发电机组的进行了充分利用,提高了对风力发电机组的充分利用。进而提高了风力发电机组的发电量。
图2为本发明风力发电机组的实施例二中控制系统的结构示意图,在图2中除变流器的底层控制器外,其他的底层控制器和上层控制器只画出了一套。变流器对应的底层控制器为两套。如图2所示,本实施提供的风力发电机组在本发明风力发电机组实施例一的基础上,是对控制系统的底层控制器和上层控制器的进一步细化,则本实施例提供的风力发电机组包括以下特征。
控制系统的每套控制子系统中的底层控制器包括:变流器中央控制模块211、开关控制模块212、发电机绕组散热控制模块213、变流器散热控制模块214。
其中,变流器中央控制模块211,用于对整个变流器进行控制和管理。
进一步地,变流器中央控制模块211包括:整流控制子模块和逆变控制子模块。
其中,整流控制子模块用于控制电能传输系统中变流器的整流模块的工作状态,且监测整流模块的运行状态参数。逆变控制子模块用于控制电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块的工作状态,且监测逆变模块的运行状态参数。
在图2中示意出的变流器中央控制模块211包括:第一变流器整流控制子模块211a1和第一变流器逆变控制子模块211a2、第二变流器整流控制子模块211b1和第二变流器逆变控制子模块211b2。
具体地,本实施例中,整流控制子模块监测电能传输系统中变流器的整流模块的运行状态参数,在根据运行状态参数确定整流模块满足异常条件的情况下,将整流模块的运行状态参数发送给变流器中央控制模块,并由变流器中央控制模块发送给上层控制器,上层控制器在根据整流模块的运行状态参数确定整流模块发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,通过变流器中央控制模块和整流控制子模块控制电能传输系统中变流器的整流模块的工作状态。
同理,逆变控制子模块监测电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块的运行状态参数,在根据运行状态参数确定逆变模块满足异常条件的情况下,将逆变模块的运行状态参数发送给变流器中央控制模块,并由变流器中央控制模块发送给上层控制器,上层控制器在根据逆变模块的运行状态参数确定逆变模块发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,通过变流器中央控制模块和逆变控制子模块控制电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块的工作状态。
本实施例中,开关控制模块212用于控制机侧开关和网侧开关的工作状态。
优选地,变流器中央控制模块211设置在变流器中,可以理解的是,整流控制子模块和逆变控制子模块也设置在变流器中。
优选地,开关控制模块212、发电机绕组散热控制模块213、变流散热控制模块214设置在主控柜中。
需要说明的是,变流器中央控制模块既对变流器进行控制,也对发电机绕组进行控制。
本实施例提供的风力发电机组的底层控制器包括:变流器中央控制模块、开关控制模块、发电机绕组散热控制模块、变流器散热控制模块。其中,变流器中央控制模块包括:整流控制子模块和逆变控制子模块。整流控制子模块用于控制电能传输系统中变流器的整流模块的工作状态,且监测整流模块的运行状态参数,逆变控制子模块用于控制电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块的工作状态,且监测逆变模块的运行状态参数。开关控制模块用于控制机侧开关和网侧开关的工作状态。
优选地,上层控制器、开关控制模块、发电机绕组散热控制模块、变流散热控制模块设置在主控柜中;变流器中央控制模块设置在变流器中,更方便地对发电电路中的功能单元的运行状态参数进行监测,并且便于对控制器的管理。
图3为本发明风力发电机组的实施例三中上层控制器的结构示意图,如图3所示,本实施提供的风力发电机组在本发明风力发电机组实施例二的基础上,对上层控制器的进一步细化,则本实施例提供的风力发电机组还包括以下特征。
本实施例提供的风力发电机组的上层控制器具体包括:故障类型确定单元221、运行模式确定单元222和运行命令生成单元223。
进一步地,故障类型确定单元221,用于根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数判断对应功能单元是否发生故障,若发生故障,则确定故障类型。
具体地,本实施例中,故障类型确定单元221可预先对电能传输系统的故障进行分类,并将故障类型进行存储。在根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障后,根据预存储的故障类型,确定对应功能单元所属的故障类型。
进一步地,运行模式包括以下模式的任意一种:
在线自动切除模式、离线自动切除模式和被动切除模式。
其中,在线自动切除模式为不进行停机就可自动控制故障电能传输系统切除的模式。离线自动切除模式为进行停机并重启后,可自动控制故障电能传输系统切除的模式。被动切除模式为技术人员手动发送切除使能信号,并由控制系统控制故障电能传输系统切除的模式。
本实施例中,故障类型确定单元221可根据运行模式对故障类型进行分类,如可进行在线自动切除模式的故障类型划分为第一故障类型,可进行离线自动切除模式的故障类型划分为第二故障类型,可进行被动切除模式的故障类型划分为第三故障类型。
进一步地,运行模式确定单元222,与故障类型确定单元221相连,用于根据预存的故障类型与运行模式的对应关系,确定故障电能传输系统的运行模式。
具体地,本实施例中,运行模式确定单元222预先存储有故障类型与运行模式的对应关系。即第一故障类型与在线自动切除模式相对应,第二故障类型与离线自动切除模式相对应,第三故障类型与被动切除模式行对应。根据对应功能单元所属的故障类型,查找预存的故障类型与运行模式的对应关系,确定与对应功能单元所属的故障类型对应的切除模式。
进一步地,运行命令生成单元223,与运行模式确定单元222相连,用于根据运行模式生成运行指令。
优选地,本实施例中,运行指令生成单元223包括:第一运行指令生成模块223a、第二运行指令生成模块223b和第三运行指令生成模块223c。
其中,若运行模式为在线自动切除模式,则第一运行指令生成模块223a用于在未停止风力发电机组运行的状态下,自动生成切除指令。
若运行模式为离线自动切除模式,则第二运行指令生成模块223b用于控制风力发电机组停止运行,判断风力发电机组是否重新启动,若风力发电机组重新启动,则自动生成切除指令。
若运行模式为被动切除模式,则第三运行指令生成模块223c用于判断是否接收到切除使能信号,若接收到切除使能信号,则根据切除使能信号,生成切除指令。
具体地,本实施例中,若运行模式为被动切除模式,则第三运行指令生成模块223c向中控装置发送提示信息,以使技术人员对故障再次进行确认后,若能够通过切除故障电能传输系统,其他非故障电能传输系统能够继续进行发电,则技术人员通过中控装置向上层控制器发送切除使能信号,第三运行指令生成模块223c根据切除使能信号,生成切除指令。
进一步地,上层控制器还包括:故障电能传输系统控制切除单元224。
其中,故障电能传输系统控制切除单元224与运行命令生成单元223相连,用于控制故障电能传输系统依照据切除指令停止工作,从风力发电机组中切除。
所以,本实施例中,第一运行指令生成模块223a、第二运行指令生成模块223b或第三运行指令生成模块223c在生成切除指令后,故障电能传输系统控制切除单元224控制故障电能传输系统依照切除指令停止工作。
本实施例提供的风力发电机组,通过底层控制器监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器,上层控制器中的故障类型确定单元根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数判断对应功能单元是否发生故障,若发生故障,则确定故障类型,运行模式确定单元根据故障类型和预存的故障类型与运行模式的对应关系,确定电能传输系统的运行模式,运行命令生成单元根据运行模式生成运行指令。
其中,运行模式为在线自动切除模式、离线自动切除模式或被动切除模式,运行指令为切除指令,故障电能传输系统控制切除单元控制故障电能传输系统依照切除指令停止工作,故障电能传输系统从风力发电机组中切除。不仅对风力发电机组进行了充分利用,提高了风力发电机组的发电量。并且面对多种故障类型,若不能对故障进行恢复,直接对故障电能传输系统进行切除处理。
图4为本发明风力发电机组的实施例四中的上层控制器的结构示意图,如图4所示,本实施提供的风力发电机组在本发明风力发电机组实施例三的基础上,对上层控制器的进一步细化。
进一步地,本实施例中,上层控制器还包括:调配控制参数计算单元225和非故障电能传输系统控制单元226。
调配控制参数计算单元225,用于计算非故障电能传输系统中的调配控制参数。
具体地,本实施例中,调配的控制参数例如包括:非故障电能传输系统中发电机的扭矩设定值、无功给定值、发电机的电感值、电阻值和磁链的数据。
调配的控制参数还可以包括:抑制电流环流的调配控制参数等。
其中,非故障电能传输系统中发电机的电感值、电阻值和磁链的数据为非故障电能传输系统中发电机绕组的参数。
本实施例中,非故障电能传输系统中发电机绕组的参数通过对故障电能传输系统的切除后的仿真和测试来确定,或者在故障电能传输系统切除后,由变流器中央控制模块获取非故障电能传输系统中变流器的电流和电压的变化情况,并发送给上层控制器,由上层控制器根据电流和电压的变化情况计算非故障电能传输系统中的绕组的参数。
非故障电能传输系统控制单元226,与调配控制参数计算单元225相连,用于依照调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统的运行状态。
具体地,本实施例中,调配控制参数计算单元225依照调配控制参数中的发电机的扭矩设定值、无功给定值、发电机的电感值、电阻值和磁链的数据,控制非故障电能传输系统中的发电机的运行状态,使发电机能够增大发电量,使其满足要求。并且调配控制参数计算单元225可依照抑制电流环流的调配控制参数,控制发电机绕 组中的电流环流。
本实施例提供的风力发电机组,底层控制器监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器,上层控制器用于根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数判断对应功能单元是否发生故障,若发生故障,则确定故障类型,根据故障类型和预存的故障类型与运行模式的对应关系,确定电能传输系统的运行模式,根据运行模式生成运行指令;其中,运行模式为在线自动切除模式、离线自动切除模式或被动切除模式,运行指令为切除指令,控制故障电能传输系统依照切除指令停止运行,使得故障电能传输系统从风力发电机组中切除;上层控制器中的调配控制参数计算单元计算非故障电能传输系统中的调配控制参数,非故障电能传输系统控制单元,用于依照调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统的运行状态,不仅对风力发电机组进行了充分利用,提高了风力发电机组的发电量。并且在对故障电能传输系统切除后,非故障的电能传输系统也能满足发电需求。
由于本发明的风力发电机组中发电机采用双绕组或多绕组的结构。在未对某一电能传输系统进行切除时,各套发电机绕组的U/V/W三相在空间上均布对称,因此在同相间包括的并联设置的不同支路间不存在电流环流。由于在故障电能传输系统切除后,剩下的发电机绕组的U/V/W三相在空间上非均布对称,所以在同相间包括的并联设置的不同支路间存在电流环流,电流环流会导致发电机绕组局部发热严重,同时在磁极上产生相应频率的径向力和切向力,同时还会与感应电动势的基波综合作用产生纹波扭矩。磁极上径向力和切向力的增加与新产生的纹波转矩会引起发电机较大的振动,影响发电机的使用寿命。并且发电机振动会产生相应频率的噪声音调。
以直驱永磁发电机为例,若该直驱永磁发电机有两套电能传输系统,在故障电能传输系统切除后,采集非故障电能传输系统绕组的电流随时间的变化情况,以及磁极的受力情况。
具体地,图5为非故障电能传输系统发电机绕组的电流随时间的变化情况示意图。在图5中为非故障电能传输系统发电机单绕组情况下U/V/W三相的电流情况,每相包括并联设置的八个支路,采集同相中的八个支路中各自的电流,获取最大电流和最小电流。如图5中501和502两条曲线分别为U相上的第3条支路电流曲线和第7条支路电流曲线,其分别为U相上的最大电流和最小电流。同理,503和504两条曲线分别为V相上的第3条支路电流曲线和第7条支路电流曲线,其分别为V相上的最大电流和最小电流。505和506两条曲线分别为W相上的第1条支路电流曲线和第9条支路电流电流曲线,其分别为W相的最大电流和最小电流。而图5中的下部的三条曲线分别为各相中的最大电流支路和最小电流支路上的电流差形成的曲线,分别为对应的电流环流。曲线509为U相的电流环流,曲线508为V相的电流环流,曲线507为W相的电流环流。通过将最大电流环流与对应的最大电流进行对比,最大电流环流为额定电流的5.7%。
具体地,图6为电能传输系统发电机绕组的磁极的受力情况示意图。如图6所示,图中的四个曲线分别为在双绕组或单绕组运行情况下磁极切向力与径向力随时 间变化曲线。从图6中可以看出,在对故障电能传输系统的进行切除后,非故障电能传输系统的单绕组运行时单个磁极的切向力与径向力会增加很多,增幅大约为3%。
所以,为了抑制由于故障电能传输系统的切除对非故障电能传输系统的影响,抑制发电机的振动,降低发电机振动产生的相应频率的噪声音调,则本实施例提供的风力发电机组在本发明风力发电机组实施例四的基础上还包括以下特征。
进一步地,本实施例中,调配控制参数为:谐波电流的调配控制参数。
调配控制参数计算单元225,具体用于根据非故障电能传输系统运行时发电机绕组产生的电流环流计算谐波电流的调配控制参数。
其中,谐波电流为抑制电流环流的电流。谐波电流的调配控制参数包括:振幅、相位和频率。
具体地,本实施例中,通过对非故障电能传输系统的监测,采集电流环流,确定电流环流的振幅、相位和频率。则计算谐波电流的振幅等于电流环流的振幅,谐波电流的相位与电流环流的相位相反,谐波电流的频率等于电流环流的频率。
非故障电能传输系统控制单元226,具体用于依照谐波电流的调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块注入谐波电流,以消除电流环流。
具体地,本实施例中,依照谐波电流的振幅、相位和频率,控制非故障电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块生成谐波电流,并注入该谐波电流,由于谐波电流的振幅和频率与电流环流的振幅和频率相等,并且相位相反,使注入的谐波电流能够消除电流环流。电流环流的消除使磁极上产生的径向力和切向力降低到没有切除故障电能传输系统前的量,进而抑制了发电机的振动,也抑制了噪声音调。
本实施例提供的风力发电机组,在上层控制器中的故障电能传输系统控制切除单元控制故障电能传输系统依照切除指令停止运行,从风力发电机组中切除后,调配控制参数计算单元根据非故障电能传输系统运行时发电机绕组产生的电流环流计算谐波电流的调配控制参数;非故障电能传输系统控制单元,依照谐波电流的调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块注入谐波电流,以消除电流环流。不仅对风力发电机组进行了充分利用,提高了风力发电机组的发电量。并且电流环流的消除使磁极上产生的径向力和切向力降低到没有切除故障电能传输系统前的量,进而抑制了发电机的振动,也抑制了噪声音调。
图7为本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例一的流程图,本实施例提供的风力发电机组的控制方法用于对上述实施例提供的风力发电机组进行控制。同时,为更好地理解本实施例,各元件的结构位置关系等可以参见图1。该风力发电机的控制方法应用在本发明实施例一提供的风力发电机组中,该风力发电机组包括:至少两套电能传输系统,电能传输系统之间彼此并联;控制系统,其包括上层控制器以及与各套电能传输系统对应设置的控制子系统,每套控制子系统包括底层控制器。则本实施例提供的风力发电机组的控制方法包括以下步骤。
步骤701,底层控制器监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据所述运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器。
本实施例中,如图2所示,针对每套控制子系统,底层控制器分别为:变流器中 央控制模块、开关控制模块、发电机绕组散热控制模块和变流器散热控制模块。
本实施例中,每个底层控制器对应监测电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数可根据功能单元的不同有所不同。
本实施例中,每个底层控制器根据运行状态参数判断对应功能单元的是否满足异常条件的方法也不做限定,
本实施例中,对每个底层控制器对应监测电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数的描述、每个底层控制器根据运行状态参数判断对应功能单元的是否满足异常条件的方法的描述具体可参见本发明风力发电机组实施例一中的相应描述,在此不再一一赘述。
步骤702,上层控制器在根据所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,控制所述故障电能传输系统依照所述运行指令进行工作。
本实施例中,上层控制器与控制子系统中的每个底层控制器连接,通过总线或以太网进行通信。
具体地,本实施例中,上层控制器根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元是否发生故障的方法不做限定。如可以预存有每个功能单元的故障条件,判断对应功能单元的运行状态参数是否满足故障条件,若满足,则确定对应功能单元发生故障,也可以采用其他方法判断对应功能单元是否发生故障,本实施例中对此不做限定。
本实施例中,在确定对应功能单元发生故障后,对发送运行指令的方式也不做限定。
本实施例中,控制器根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元是否发生故障的方法的描述、在确定对应功能单元发生故障后,对发送运行指令的方式描述具体可参见本发明风力发电机组实施例一中的相应描述,在此不再一一赘述。
本实施例提供的风力发电机组的控制方法,通过底层控制器监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据所述运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器;上层控制器在根据所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,控制所述故障电能传输系统依照所述运行指令进行工作。由于风力发电机组中每套电能传输系统彼此并联,电能传输系统中的相同功能单元彼此独立,所以在某一功能单元出现故障时,只对该功能单元所在的电路产生影响,并不会影响其他套电能传输系统的正常运行,底层控制器能够对对应的功能单元进行独立监测,由上层控制器判断出对应功能单元发生故障后,生成运行指令,控制所述故障电能传输系统依照所述运行指令进行工作,不影响非故障发电电路的正常运行,所以对风力发电机组的进行了充分利用。进而提高了风力发电机组的发电量。
图8为本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例二的流程图,如图8所示,本实施例提供的风力发电机组的控制方法是对本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例一的步骤702的进一步细化,同时,为更好地理解本实施例,各元件的结构位置关系等可 以参见图3。则本实施例提供的风力发电机组的控制方法包括以下步骤。
步骤801,底层控制器监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器。
本实施例中,步骤801的实现方式与本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例一中的步骤701的实现方式相同,在此不再一一赘述。
步骤802,上层控制器根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数判断对应功能单元是否发生故障,若发生故障,则确定故障类型。
进一步地,本实施例中,预先将电能传输系统的故障进行分类,并将故障类型进行存储。在根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障后,根据预存储的故障类型,确定对应功能单元所属的故障类型。
本实施例中,可根据运行模式对故障类型进行分类,如可进行在线自动切除模式的故障类型划分为第一故障类型,可进行离线自动切除模式的故障类型划分为第二故障类型,可进行被动切除模式的故障类型划分为第三故障类型。
步骤803,上层控制器根据预存的故障类型与运行模式的对应关系,确定故障电能传输系统的运行模式。
其中,运行模式包括以下模式的任意一种:
在线自动切除模式、离线自动切除模式、被动切除模式。
具体地,本实施例中,预先存储有故障类型与运行模式的对应关系。即第一故障类型与在线自动切除模式相对应,第二故障类型与离线自动切除模式相对应,第三故障类型与被动切除模式行对应。根据对应功能单元所属的故障类型,查找预存的故障类型与运行模式的对应关系,确定与对应功能单元所属的故障类型对应的运行模式。
步骤804,上层控制器判断运行模式是否为在线自动切除模式,若是,则执行步骤805,否则,执行步骤806。
进一步地,本实施例中,运行模式包括三种类型,首先判断运行模式是否为在线自动切除模式,以进行最便捷的切除处理。
步骤805,上层控制器在未停止风力发电机组运行的状态下,自动生成切除指令。
由于与在线自动切除模式对应的故障均为在不进行停机的情况下就能对对应的部件所在电能传输系统进行切除的故障,所以,若运行模式为在线自动切除模式,则在未停止风力发电机组运行的状态下,自动生成切除指令,并执行步骤814。
例如,第一类故障包括变流器散热液温度过高、变流器Du/Dt模块温度过温等,这些故障可以定位到发生故障的功能单元,进而定位到是哪一套电能传输系统发生故障。因此,在不停机的情况下,切除故障电能传输系统即可。
步骤806,上层控制器判断运行模式是否为离线自动切除模式,若是,则执行步骤807,否则,执行步骤809。
步骤807,上层控制器控制风力发电机组停止运行。
步骤808,若风力发电机组重新启动,则自动生成切除指令。
结合步骤806-步骤808对本实施例进行说明。具体地,本实施例中,离线自动切除模式为进行停机并重启后可自动控制进行故障电能传输系统切除的模式,相较于在线自动切除模式,该模式需在在停机并确定可以重启后才能自动控制进行故障发电电路的切除。
例如,第二类故障包括单发电回路和变流器的心跳信号异常、水冷UPS电池反馈丢失等,这些故障并不能定位故障点。则在机组重新启动时识别故障电能传输系统,再将其切除。
在执行步骤808后执行步骤814。
步骤809,上层控制器确定运行模式为被动切除模式。
步骤810,上层控制器判断上层控制器是否接收到完全解决机组问题的指令,若是,则结束,否则,执行步骤811。
步骤811,上层控制器判断是否接收到切除使能信号,若是,则执行步骤812,否则执行步骤813。
步骤812,上层控制器根据切除使能信号,生成切除指令。
步骤813,上层控制器控制风力发电机组停止运行,并进行维修操作。
结合步骤809-步骤813对本实施例进行说明。具体地,本实施例中,若运行模式不属于在线自动切除模式和离线自动切除模式,则确定运行模式为被动切除模式。其中,被动切除模式需要技术人员干预才能够进行的切除模式。
例如,第三类故障包括单发电回路绕组的三相电电流不平衡故障等。在技术人员通过中控装置获知风力发电机组发生了第三类故障,则到达现场后,对故障进行再次确定,解决故障,在故障完全解决掉后,通过中控装置向上层控制器发送完全解决机组问题的指令,则风力发电机组不需要故障电能传输系统的切除即可继续发电。若故障发生在一套电能传输系统中,而且短时间内不能进行解决,则通过中控装置向上层控制器发送切除使能信号,以使上层控制器根据切除使能信号,生成切除指令。并执行步骤815。
步骤814,上层控制器控制故障电能传输系统依照据切除指令停止工作,从风力发电机组中切除。
本实施例中,由于运行模式为切除模式的任意一种,所以在生成切除指令后,控制故障电能传输系统依照切除指令停止工作,故障电能传输系统从风力发电机组中切除。
本实施例提供的风力发电机组的控制方法,通过底层控制器监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器,上层控制器根据对应功能单元的运行状态参数判断对应功能单元是否发生故障,若发生故障,则确定故障类型,上层控制器根据预存的故障类型与运行模式的对应关系,确定故障电能传输系统的运行模式,其中,运行模式可以为在线自动切除模式或离线自动切除模式或被动切除模式。上层控制器根据运行模式生成运行指令,运行指令为切除指令,控制故障电能传输系统依照切除指令停止工作,故障电能传输系统从风力发电机组中切除。面对多种故障类型,分别采用对应的切除模式生成切除指令,不 仅对风力发电机组的充分利用,提高了风力发电机组的发电量。并且面对多种故障类型,若不能对故障进行恢复,直接对故障电能传输系统进行切除处理。
图9为本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例三的流程图,如图9所示,本实施例在本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例二的基础上,在上层控制器控制故障电能传输系统依照据切除指令停止工作,从风力发电机组中切除之后,还包括以下步骤。
步骤901,上层控制器计算非故障电能传输系统中的调配控制参数。
具体地,调配的控制参数包括:非故障电能传输系统中发电机的扭矩设定值、无功给定值、发电机的电感值、电阻值和磁链的数据。
其中,非故障电能传输系统中发电机的电感值、电阻值和磁链的数据为非故障电能传输系统中发电机绕组的参数。
本实施例中,非故障电能传输系统中发电机绕组的参数的计算方法可参照本发明风力发电机组实施例四中的描述。
步骤902,上层控制器依照调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统的运行状态。
具体地,本实施例中,上层控制器依照调配控制参数中的发电机的扭矩设定值、无功给定值、发电机的电感值、电阻值和磁链的数据,控制非故障电能传输系统中的发电机的运行状态,使发电机能够增大发电量,使其满足要求。
本实施例提供的风力发电机组的控制方法,在上层控制器控制故障电能传输系统依照据切除指令停止工作,从风力发电机组中切除之后,上层控制器计算非故障电能传输系统中的调配控制参数,其中调配控制参数包括:非故障电能传输系统中发电机的扭矩设定值、无功给定值、发电机的电感值、电阻值和磁链的数据。上层控制器依照调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统的运行状态。不仅对风力发电机组的充分利用,提高了风力发电机组的发电量。并且在对故障电能传输系统切除后,非故障的电能传输系统也能满足发电需求。
图10为本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例四的流程图,如图10所示,本实施例在本发明风力发电机组的控制方法实施例三的基础上,调配控制参数包括:谐波电流的调配控制参数,则上层控制器控制故障电能传输系统依照据切除指令停止工作,从风力发电机组中切除之后还包括以下步骤。
步骤1001,上层控制器根据非故障电能传输系统运行时发电机绕组产生的电流环流计算谐波电流的调配控制参数。
其中,谐波电流为抑制电流环流的电流。谐波电流的调配控制参数包括:振幅、相位和频率。
具体地,本实施例中,通过对非故障电能传输系统的监测,采集电流环流,确定电流环流的振幅、相位和频率。则计算谐波电流的振幅等于电流环流的振幅,谐波电流的相位与电流环流的相位相反,谐波电流的频率等于电流环流的频率。
步骤1002,上层控制器依照谐波电流的调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块注入谐波电流,以消除电流环流。
进一步地,本实施例中,依照谐波电流的振幅、相位和频率,控制非故障电能 传输系统中变流器的逆变模块生成谐波电流,并注入该谐波电流,由于谐波电流的振幅和频率与电流环流的振幅和频率相等,并且相位相反,使注入的谐波电流能够消除电流环流。电流环流的消除使磁极上产生的径向力和切向力降低到没有切除故障电能传输系统前的量,进而抑制了发电机的振动,也抑制了噪声音调。
本实施例提供的风力发电机组的控制方法,在上层控制器中的故障电能传输系统控制切除单元控制故障电能传输系统依照切除指令停止运行,从风力发电机组中切除后,上层控制器根据非故障电能传输系统运行时发电机绕组产生的电流环流计算谐波电流的调配控制参数;上层控制器依照谐波电流的调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块注入谐波电流,以消除电流环流,不仅对风力发电机组的充分利用,提高了风力发电机组的发电量。并且电流环流的消除使磁极上产生的径向力和切向力降低到没有切除故障电能传输系统前的量,进而抑制了发电机的振动,也抑制了由于发动机的振动引起的噪声音调。
为了说明本发明提供的风力发电机组的控制方法的技术效果,以某3MV风力发电机组为例进行说明。图11为两套电能传输系统进行发电和切除一套电能传输系统进行发电的模式示意图,图11中的横坐标为风速,左侧的纵坐标为某地形条件下的各风速段的百分比,右侧的纵坐标为发电量。
如图11所示,带“▲”标记的曲线为威尔分布概率曲线,带“x”标记的曲线为两套发电电路的风力发电机组的发电量曲线,带“·”标记的曲线为切除一套发电电路后的风力发电机组的发电曲线。对于3MW风机而言,如果风机半功率1.5MW运行,采用本发明提供的风力发电机组的控制方法,且一套发电电路切除之后,风机仍有1.5MW的输出能力。整个发电输出模式如下,由于风速小于7.5m/s之前机组发电功率小于1.5MW,在3-7.5m/s,一套发电电路切除后不影响整机输出;7.5-10.4m/s一套发电电路切除后,风力发电机组出力能够恒定在1.5MW的输出,但原有两套发电电路的出力不足3MW,输出功率损失不超过50%;10.4-22m/s,一套发电电路切除后,风力发电机组出力能够恒定在1.5MW的输出,原有两套发电电路的出力为3MW,输出功率损失为原来的50%。假设风力发电机组的整机利用率为95%,则采用本发明的风力发电机组的控制方法,机组的可利用率提高至98.3%,提升了3.36个百分点,发电量增加了168282度。
综上举例,进一步证明本发明提供的风力发电机组的控制方法不仅对风力发电机组的充分利用,提高了风力发电机组的发电量。
在一个优选的实施例中,本发明的实施例还提供一种上层控制器,所述上层控制器包括一个或多个程序模块,被配置为由一个或者多个处理器执行。一个或多个程序模块包括:故障类型确定单元221、运行模式确定单元222和运行命令生成单元223。故障类型确定单元221、运行模式确定单元222和运行命令生成单元223的功能参见上文所述,此处不再赘述。
在一个优选的实施例中,本发明还提供一种计算机程序产品,所述计算机程序产品包括计算机可读的存储介质和内嵌于其中的计算机程序,所述计算机程序包括用于执行步骤S802至步骤S814的指令。
优选的,所述计算机程序还包括用于执行步骤S901和步骤S902的指令。
优选的,所述计算机程序还包括用于执行步骤S1001和步骤S1002的指令。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解:实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。前述的程序可以存储于一可读取存储介质中。该程序在执行时,执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤;而前述的存储介质包括:ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本发明实施例中上层控制器的各个功能单元可以集成在一个处理模块中,也可以是各个单元单独的物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。所述集成的模块如果以软件功能模块的形式实现,并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,也可以存储在一个计算机可读存储介质中。上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器、磁盘或光盘等。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种风力发电机组,其特征在于,包括:
    至少两套电能传输系统,所述电能传输系统彼此并联;
    控制系统,其包括上层控制器以及与各套电能传输系统对应设置的控制子系统,每套控制子系统包括底层控制器;
    其中,所述底层控制器用于监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据所述运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器;
    所述上层控制器用于在根据所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,控制所述电能传输系统依照所述运行指令进行工作,并且在某一所述功能单元出现故障时,只对所述功能单元所在的电能传输系统产生影响,并不影响另一所述电能传输系统的正常运行。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,所述各套电能传输系统分别包括发电子系统和输电子系统;
    所述发电子系统的功能单元包括:发电机绕组、发电机绕组散热器;
    所述输电子系统的功能单元包括:机侧开关、变流器、变流器散热器、网侧开关和变压器绕组;其中,
    所述发电机绕组、所述机侧开关、所述变流器、所述网侧开关和所述变压器绕组依次串联;
    所述发电机绕组散热器用于为所述发电机绕组散热,所述变流器散热器用于为所述变流器散热。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,所述底层控制器与每套电能传输系统中的各个功能单元对应设置,所述底层控制器的一端与对应的功能单元相连,所述底层控制器的另一端与所述上层控制器相连。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,所述底层控制器包括:变流器中央控制模块、开关控制模块、发电机绕组散热控制模块、变流器散热控制模块。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,
    所述变流器中央控制模块包括整流控制子模块和逆变控制子模块;
    所述整流控制子模块用于控制所述电能传输系统中变流器的整流模块的工作状态,且监测整流模块的运行状态参数;
    所述逆变控制子模块用于控制所述电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块的工作状态,且监测逆变模块的运行状态参数。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,
    所述开关控制模块用于控制所述机侧开关和网侧开关的工作状态。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,所述上层控制器、所述开关控制模块、所述发电机绕组散热控制模块、所述变流散热控制模块设置在主控柜中;
    所述变流器中央控制模块设置在变流器中。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,所述上层控制器具体包括:
    故障类型确定单元,用于根据所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数判断对应功能单元是否发生故障,若发生故障,则确定故障类型;
    运行模式确定单元,用于根据预存的故障类型与运行模式的对应关系,确定故障电能传输系统的运行模式;
    运行命令生成单元,用于根据所述运行模式生成运行指令。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,所述运行模式包括以下模式的任意一种:
    在线自动切除模式、离线自动切除模式和被动切除模式。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,所述运行指令生成单元包括:第一运行指令生成模块、第二运行指令生成模块和第三运行指令生成模块。
    其中,若所述运行模式为所述在线自动切除模式,则所述第一运行指令生成模块用于在未停止风力发电机组运行的状态下,生成切除指令;
    若所述运行模式为所述离线自动切除模式,则所述第二运行指令生成模块用于控制所述风力发电机组停止运行,判断所述风力发电机组是否重新启动,若所述风力发电机组重新启动,则生成切除指令;
    若所述运行模式为所述被动切除模式,则所述第三运行指令生成模块用于判断是否接收到切除使能信号,若接收到切除使能信号,则根据所述切除使能信号,生成切除指令。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,所述上层控制器还包括:
    故障电能传输系统控制切除单元,用于控制所述故障电能传输系统依照所述切除指令停止工作,从风力发电机组中切除。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,所述上层控制器还包括:
    调配控制参数计算单元,用于计算非故障电能传输系统中的调配控制参数;
    非故障电能传输系统控制单元,用于依照所述调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统的运行状态。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的风力发电机组,其特征在于,所述调配控制参数为谐波电流的调配控制参数;
    相应地,所述调配控制参数计算单元具体用于根据非故障电能传输系统运行时发电机绕组产生的电流环流计算所述谐波电流的调配控制参数;
    所述非故障电能传输系统控制单元,具体用于依照谐波电流的调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块注入谐波电流,以消除所述电流环流;
    其中,所述谐波电流的调配控制参数包括:振幅、相位和频率。
  14. 一种风力发电机组的控制方法,其特征在于,所述风力发电机组包括:至 少两套电能传输系统,所述电能传输系统彼此并联;控制系统,其包括上层控制器以及与各套电能传输系统对应设置的控制子系统,每套控制子系统包括底层控制器;
    所述控制方法包括:
    所述底层控制器监测对应电能传输系统中的功能单元的运行状态参数,在根据所述运行状态参数确定对应功能单元满足异常条件的情况下,将所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数发送给上层控制器;
    所述上层控制器在根据所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令,控制所述电能传输系统依照所述运行指令进行工作,并且在某一所述功能单元出现故障时,只对所述功能单元所在的电能传输系统产生影响,并不影响另一所述电能传输系统的正常运行。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,所述底层控制器包括:变流器中央控制模块、开关控制模块、发电机绕组散热控制模块、变流器散热控制模块。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述上层控制器在根据所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数确定对应功能单元发生故障的情况下,生成运行指令具体包括:
    所述上层控制器根据所述对应功能单元的运行状态参数判断对应功能单元是否发生故障,若发生故障,则确定故障类型;
    所述上层控制器根据预存的故障类型与运行模式的对应关系,确定故障电能传输系统的运行模式;
    所述上层控制器根据所述运行模式生成运行指令。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述运行模式包括以下模式的任意一种:
    在线自动切除模式、离线自动切除模式和被动切除模式。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法,其特征在于,所述上层控制器根据所述运行模式生成运行指令具体包括:
    若所述运行模式为所述在线自动切除模式,则所述上层控制器在未停止风力发电机组运行的状态下,生成切除指令;
    若所述运行模式为所述离线自动切除模式,则所述上层控制器控制所述风力发电机组停止运行,判断所述风力发电机组是否重新启动,若所述风力发电机组重新启动,则生成切除指令;
    若所述运行模式为所述被动切除模式,则所述上层控制器判断是否接收到切除使能信号,若接收到切除使能信号,则根据所述切除使能信号,生成切除指令。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法,其特征在于,所述上层控制器生成切除指令之后,还包括:
    所述上层控制器控制所述故障电能传输系统依照所述切除指令停止工作,从风力发电机组中切除。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法,其特征在于,所述上层控制器控制所述故障电能传输系统依照所述切除指令停止工作,从风力发电机组中切除之后,还包括:
    所述上层控制器计算非故障电能传输系统中的调配控制参数;
    所述上层控制器依照所述调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统的运行状态。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法,其特征在于,所述调配控制参数为:谐波电流的调配控制参数;
    相应地,所述上层控制器计算非故障电能传输系统中的调配控制参数具体包括:
    所述上层控制器根据非故障电能传输系统运行时发电机绕组产生的电流环流计算所述谐波电流的调配控制参数;
    所述上层控制器依照所述调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统的运行状态具体包括:
    所述上层控制器依照谐波电流的调配控制参数,控制非故障电能传输系统中变流器的逆变模块注入谐波电流,以消除所述电流环流;
    其中,所述谐波电流的调配控制参数包括:振幅、相位和频率。
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