WO2018058929A1 - 燃气热水器 - Google Patents

燃气热水器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018058929A1
WO2018058929A1 PCT/CN2017/079173 CN2017079173W WO2018058929A1 WO 2018058929 A1 WO2018058929 A1 WO 2018058929A1 CN 2017079173 W CN2017079173 W CN 2017079173W WO 2018058929 A1 WO2018058929 A1 WO 2018058929A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
catalyst
gas
burner
water heater
catalytic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/079173
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
寿利萍
梁泽锋
梁国荣
薛承志
Original Assignee
芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201610871768.5A external-priority patent/CN106524479A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201621099861.0U external-priority patent/CN206160440U/zh
Application filed by 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 filed Critical 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司
Publication of WO2018058929A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018058929A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/124—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1836—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/107—Flame diffusing means coated with catalysts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of water heaters, and more particularly to a gas water heater.
  • the main combustion mode adopted by the burner is flaming combustion, that is, the gas and air are not pre-mixed in the combustion device, but the gas and air are respectively sent into the combustion chamber, and the mixture is burned while being mixed, and the flame is generated by combustion. It is long and has a sharp outline. Due to the high activation energy of flaming combustion, the burning speed is slow and the combustion is incomplete, resulting in a decrease in thermal efficiency. In addition, the amount of gas radiation of the flame combustion flame is small, and the main heat transfer mode is convection heat transfer, which easily reduces the energy utilization rate.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
  • the present invention provides a gas water heater, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and has a good user experience.
  • a gas water heater includes: a housing defining a receiving chamber therein, the housing having a water inlet port and a water outlet interface; a catalytic burner, wherein the catalytic burner is disposed in the receiving chamber a catalytic pre-mixing chamber is defined in the catalytic burner, the catalytic combustor has an air inlet and an air outlet that are electrically connected to the pre-mixing chamber, and a catalytic converter is disposed at the air outlet, the catalytic converter Constructed to continue to burn when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature and there is gas and air supply; the fan is electrically connected to the intake port to deliver air to the premixing chamber; a gas proportional valve, the gas proportional valve An outlet is electrically connected to the inlet to deliver gas to the premixing chamber; a heat exchanger disposed above the burner and coupled to the burner to absorb the burner The heat generated by the combustion has a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is electrically connected
  • the gas water heater according to the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, reliable connection of various components, small volume, catalytic combustion of gas and air in the catalytic burner, and less content of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas after combustion. It is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, safe to use, and the combustion of gas and air is moderated, which is beneficial to reduce the working noise of gas water heaters.
  • the gas water heater has a simple and compact structure, reliable connection of various components, convenient assembly and disassembly, low working noise, safe use, energy saving and environmental protection, and good user experience.
  • the air inlet cover is provided with a distribution member, and the distribution member has a plurality of spaced apart A dispensing orifice that is disposed and in communication with the premixing chamber.
  • the dispensing apertures are arranged in a plurality of turns, each turn comprising a plurality of said dispensing apertures spaced apart circumferentially of said dispensing member.
  • a plurality of said dispensing apertures are arranged in an emission.
  • a catalytic burner includes: a combustor frame, the pre-mixing cavity is defined in the combustor frame, and the air inlet and the air outlet are disposed on the combustor frame; A catalyst comprising a substrate and a catalyst coated on the substrate, and a preheating section is integrated on the catalyst.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the dispensing member is provided with a plurality of lugs, and the dispensing member is detachably connected to the burner frame by a plurality of the lugs.
  • the catalytic burner further comprises: a catalyst base, the catalyst base is disposed on the burner frame and located at the air outlet; the catalyst upper cover, the catalyst A cover is disposed on the catalyst base and defines a mounting cavity for receiving a catalyst between the catalyst base, the catalyst upper cover having an opening that is electrically connected to the mounting cavity.
  • the catalyst base forms an annular shape extending along a circumferential direction of the gas outlet
  • the catalyst upper cover is attached to the catalyst base
  • the catalyst base and the combustion
  • a heat insulating gasket is arranged between the casings.
  • an ignition pin or an induction pin is provided at a position of the burner frame adjacent to the air outlet.
  • the substrate is a silicon carbide foam ceramic
  • the catalyst is a modified alumina, platinum, palladium and a mixture of iron oxide and/or iron oxide.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a catalytic burner at an angle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a catalytic burner at another angle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a catalytic combustor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another direction of a catalytic combustor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a distribution member of a catalytic burner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a gas water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1101 premixing chamber; 1102: air inlet; 1103: air outlet; 1104: mounting port;
  • 200 housing; 21: receiving chamber; 22: water inlet interface; 23: water outlet interface;
  • a gas water heater A according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to FIGS. 1 through 6.
  • the gas water heater A includes a housing 200, a catalytic burner 100, a fan 300, a gas proportional valve 400, and a heat exchanger 500.
  • the housing 200 defines a receiving cavity 21, the housing 200 has a water inlet interface 22 and a water outlet interface 23.
  • the catalytic burner 100 is disposed in the receiving cavity 21, and the premixing cavity 1101 is defined in the catalytic burner 100.
  • the catalytic combustor 100 has an air inlet 1102 and an air outlet 1103 that are electrically connected to the premixing chamber 1101, and a catalyst 12 is disposed at the air outlet 1103.
  • the catalyst 12 is configured to be when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature and there is gas and air supply. Continue to burn.
  • the fan 300 is electrically connected to the air inlet 1102 to deliver air to the premixing chamber 1101.
  • the outlet of the gas proportional valve 400 is electrically connected to the air inlet 1102 to deliver gas to the premixing chamber 1101, and the heat exchanger 500 is set to burn.
  • the heat exchanger 500 Above the device and connected to the burner to absorb the heat generated by the combustion of the burner, the heat exchanger 500 has a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is connected to the water inlet port 22, and the water outlet and the water outlet interface 23 are electrically connected.
  • the housing 200 extends in a vertical direction (up and down direction as shown in FIG. 6), and the housing 200 defines a housing chamber 21 extending along the length thereof, and the bottom of the housing 200 is provided.
  • the bottom of the accommodating chamber 21 is provided with a fan 300.
  • the catalytic burner 100 is disposed above the fan 300 and the air inlet 1102 of the catalyzed burner 100 communicates with the outlet of the fan 300.
  • the valve 400 is disposed at one side of the fan 300 and with the air inlet 1102
  • the heat exchanger 500 is disposed above the catalytic combustor 100 and connected to the catalytic combustor 100.
  • the heat exchanger 500 has a water inlet that is electrically connected to the water inlet port 22 and a water outlet that is electrically connected to the water outlet port 23.
  • the fan 300 provides air
  • the gas proportional valve 400 provides the gas
  • the tempering premix is passed through the venturi premixing structure, and the mixture of gas and air enters the catalytic combustor 100 and is distributed through the distribution member 15 to the catalytic combustor 100.
  • the combustion is performed, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 500, thereby heating the water in the heat exchanger 500 to ensure that the hot water flowing out of the gas water heater A is heated.
  • the exchanged flue gas is collected by the collecting hood 600 and discharged to the outside through the exhaust vent 61.
  • the combustion process of the mixture of gas and air on the catalyst 12 is: first, flaming combustion is performed after ignition, and the catalyst 12 is preheated, and the flow rate of the gas and the air is changed after the temperature of the catalyst 12 reaches a predetermined temperature. Switch the combustion mode to catalytic combustion.
  • the gas water heater A has a simple and compact structure, reliable connection of various components, small volume, catalytic combustion of gas and air in the catalytic combustor 100, and oxidation of carbon monoxide and nitrogen in the flue gas after combustion.
  • the content of the material is small, energy saving and environmental protection, safe use, and the combustion of the gas and air mixture is moderated, which is beneficial to reducing the working noise of the gas water heater A.
  • the gas water heater A has a simple and compact structure, reliable connection of various components, convenient assembly and disassembly, small volume, low working noise, safe use, energy saving and environmental protection, and good user experience.
  • the combustion chamber height of the gas water heater A can be lowered compared with the gas water heater of the related art, thereby lowering the height of the whole machine and making the gas water heater A smaller.
  • the catalytic combustor 100 includes a combustor casing 11 and a catalyst 12.
  • a premixing chamber 1101 is defined in the combustor casing 11, the combustor casing 11 has an air inlet 1102 and an air outlet 1103 that are electrically connected to the premixing chamber 1101, and the catalyst 12 is disposed in the combustor casing 11 Above and at the air outlet 1103, the catalyst 12 is configured to continue to burn when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature and there is gas and air supply.
  • the catalytic combustor 100 is mainly composed of a combustor casing 11 and a catalyst 12, wherein the combustor casing 11 extends in a vertical direction (up and down directions as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3), and the combustor casing
  • a premixing chamber 1101 having an open upper end and a lower end is defined in the upper end, and a lower end opening of the combustor casing 11 forms an intake port 1102, and an upper end opening of the combustor casing 11 forms an air outlet 1103.
  • the catalyst 12 is disposed at the air outlet 1103 of the combustor casing 11, and the catalyst 12 is connected to the inner wall surface of the combustor casing 11, for example, the catalyst 12 may form a structure corresponding to the shape of the air outlet 1103. And then snapped onto the inner wall surface of the combustor casing 11, thereby ensuring a fixed connection of the catalyst 12 to the combustor casing 11, and the catalyst 12 can form a mesh-like, honeycomb structure.
  • the air and the gas enter the premixing chamber 1101 through the air inlet 1102 for thorough mixing, and then pass through the catalyst 12 at the air outlet 1103 and preheat, and the combustion of the gas and the air is catalytically burned under the action of the catalyst 12, thereby reducing Emissions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
  • the catalytic combustor 100 has a simple structure and reliable connection of various components, and related technologies Compared with the flaming combustion method, the catalytic burner 100 adopts catalytic combustion, which can ensure full combustion of the gas, is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly, can not only reduce the emission of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, but also has a mild combustion, low combustion noise, and more safety. high.
  • the catalytic burner 100 has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small volume, safe use, energy saving and environmental protection, and good user experience.
  • the catalyst 12 includes a substrate and a catalyst coated on the substrate, and the preheating section is integrated on the catalyst 12.
  • the catalyst 12 is mainly composed of a base body and a catalyst.
  • the base body can form a mesh-like structure and a honeycomb structure, and a preheating section is integrated at a position adjacent to the premixing chamber 1101 of the base body, and a catalyst required for catalytic combustion is provided on the base body.
  • a catalyst required for catalytic combustion is provided on the base body.
  • the preheating section on the catalyst 12 is first passed. Under the action of the preheating section, the temperature of the catalyst is gradually increased to bring the catalyst to a preset temperature. The combustion temperature), so that the catalyst fully exerts the catalytic effect and realizes the catalytic combustion of the gas.
  • the preheating section is integrated on the catalyst 12 compared with the gas water heater of the related art, the volume of the burner can be reduced, and the combustion chamber height of the gas water heater A can be lowered. Therefore, the height of the whole machine is lowered, the gas water heater A is made smaller, and the purpose of the burner is reduced.
  • the catalytic burner 100 adopts a catalytic combustion mode, which can not only It achieves low emission of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, has higher safety, and can reduce combustion noise, save energy and protect the environment, and has a good user experience.
  • the substrate is a silicon carbide foam ceramic and the catalyst is a modified alumina, platinum, palladium and a mixture of iron oxide and/or iron oxide.
  • the substrate processed by the silicon carbide foam ceramic not only facilitates the adhesion of the catalyst, thereby increasing the adhesion area of the catalyst, thereby improving the catalytic combustion effect of the gas, and further fully mixing the gas and the air during combustion to ensure that the gas can be Fully and evenly burned, in addition, silicon carbide foam ceramics are resistant to high temperatures and high strength, and can be burned by open flame.
  • the catalyst is mainly composed of a modified alumina, an active component and an auxiliary agent, wherein the active component may be platinum or palladium, and the auxiliary agent may be iron oxide or iron oxide, and the catalyst is slurried by a binder. It is coated on the substrate to ensure that the gas-air mixture can be in full contact with the catalyst, so that the gas in each region of the catalyst 12 can be uniformly burned, thereby improving the catalytic combustion effect of the gas.
  • the catalytic combustor 100 further includes a distribution member 15 that is disposed at the air inlet 1102, the distribution member 15 having a plurality of spaced apart arrangements and being coupled to the premixing chamber 1101 A distribution hole 151 is provided.
  • the catalytic combustor 100 is mainly composed of the combustor casing 11, the catalyst 12 and the distribution member 15, wherein the distribution member 15 is disposed at the intake port 1102 of the combustor casing 11, and the shape of the distribution member 15 With the shape of the air inlet 1102 Consistently, the distribution member 15 is provided with a plurality of spaced apart distribution holes 151, each of which is electrically connected to the premixing chamber 1101, respectively.
  • the distribution hole 151 can disperse the gas and the air, so that the gas and the air are thoroughly mixed to ensure the ratio of the gas to the air in different regions, thereby fully and uniformly burning the gas-air mixture to realize the gas catalysis.
  • Combustion not only reduces the emission of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, but also saves energy and is environmentally friendly, and the combustion is moderate, the combustion noise is low, and the safety is higher.
  • the dispensing apertures 151 are arranged in multiple turns, each of which includes a plurality of dispensing apertures 151 spaced apart circumferentially of the dispensing member 15.
  • the distribution member 15 may substantially form a circular plate member, and the distribution member 15 is provided with a plurality of spaced apart distribution holes 151, and the plurality of distribution holes 151 of each turn are arranged along the circumferential direction thereof, advantageously, more The distribution holes 151 are evenly arranged to ensure that the gas and air can be mixed more fully and uniformly, further improving the catalytic combustion of the gas-air mixture.
  • the plurality of dispensing apertures 151 are arranged in an emission.
  • a plurality of sets of dispensing holes 151 are provided in the dispensing member 15, and a plurality of sets of dispensing holes 151 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the dispensing member 15, and a plurality of dispensing holes 151 of each set are spaced apart in the radial direction of the dispensing member 15.
  • the arrangement density of the distribution holes 151 in the middle of the distribution member 15 is denser, and the arrangement density of the distribution member 15 away from the center second distribution hole 151 is relatively thin, and the distribution member in which the gas and air are respectively arranged in the emission direction through the distribution holes 151 15.
  • the gas and air are diffused into the premixing chamber 1101 from the central position to the periphery, thereby further ensuring that the gas and the air can be sufficiently mixed, thereby improving the catalytic combustion of the gas-air mixture, which is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and can not only reduce carbon monoxide and Nitrogen oxide emissions, and the combustion is moderate, the combustion noise is low, and the safety is higher.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the distributing member 15 is provided with a plurality of lugs 152, and the distributing member 15 is detachably coupled to the combustor casing 11 by a plurality of lugs 152.
  • the distribution member 15 and the air inlet 1102 form a circular shape having a uniform shape, and the outer diameter of the distribution member 15 is greater than or equal to the radial dimension of the air inlet 1102, and the outer circumference of the distribution member 15 is provided with four circumferential portions.
  • each lug 152 extends radially outwardly of the dispensing member 15, and the dispensing member 15 is coupled to the combustor casing 11 by a plurality of lugs 152 to ensure the dispensing member 15 and the burner frame The connection reliability of the body 11.
  • the catalytic burner 100 further includes a catalyst base 13 and a catalyst upper cover 14.
  • the catalyst base 13 is disposed on the burner frame 11 at the air outlet 1103 on the catalyst.
  • the cover 14 is disposed on the catalyst base 13 and defines a mounting cavity for accommodating the catalyst 12 between the catalyst base 13 and the catalyst upper cover 14 has an opening that is electrically connected to the mounting cavity.
  • the catalytic combustor 100 is mainly composed of a combustor casing 11, a catalyst 12, a catalyst base 13, and a catalyst upper cover 14, wherein the catalyst base 13 is disposed at the gas outlet 1103 of the burner casing 11, catalyzing
  • the middle portion of the base 13 is provided with a base vent which is electrically connected to the premixing chamber 1101.
  • the upper cover 14 of the catalyst is disposed above the catalyst base 13 and connected to the catalyst base 13.
  • the middle portion of the upper cover 14 of the catalyst is provided.
  • the upper cover vent defines a mounting cavity for accommodating the catalyst 12 between the catalyst base 13 and the catalyst upper cover 14.
  • the mounting cavity is respectively electrically connected to the base vent and the upper cover vent.
  • the catalyst 12 is disposed between the catalyst base 13 and the catalyst upper cover 14 to ensure the fixed installation of the catalyst 12, and the catalyst 12 can be fully utilized in the catalytic combustion of the gas. effect.
  • the catalyst base 13 forms a ring extending along the circumferential direction of the air outlet 1103, and the catalyst upper cover 14 is attached to the catalyst base 13, the catalyst base 13 and the burner frame An insulating gasket 16 is provided between the 11th.
  • the gasket 16 between the catalyst base 13 and the upper end surface of the burner casing 11, the sealing between the two can be ensured, thereby avoiding the gas-air mixture in the premixing chamber 1101. Leakage, resulting in incomplete combustion of the gas.
  • the position of the burner casing 11 adjacent the air outlet 1103 is provided with an ignition needle or an induction needle.
  • the top wall of the burner frame 11 is provided with a mounting port 1104 for the ignition group or the induction pin of the Anhui group, and the ignition pin or the induction pin is disposed adjacent to the air outlet 1103 to achieve ignition and the temperature of the catalyst of the catalyst 12
  • the preset temperature lighting temperature
  • the catalytic burner 100 is mainly composed of a burner frame 11, a catalyst 12, a catalyst base 13, a catalyst upper cover 14, a distribution member 15, a gasket 16, and an ignition needle/induction needle. composition.
  • the ignition needle/induction needle portion is mounted in the mounting opening 1104 of the bottom wall of the burner frame 11, and the distribution member 15 is fixed at the air inlet 1102 of the burner frame 11 to achieve uniform distribution of the gas and air mixture.
  • the gas and air mixture reaching the various regions of the catalyst 12 is ensured to be uniform, and the catalyst 12 is uniformly burned in all stages.
  • the catalyst 12 is mainly composed of a substrate and a catalyst coated on the substrate.
  • the catalyst needs a certain light-off temperature to exert catalytic efficiency and achieve catalytic combustion. Therefore, the catalyst 12 is integrated with an open flame preheating combustion section to make the catalyst 12 The catalyst is preheated.
  • the controller controls the catalytic burner 100 to start working.
  • the ignition needle/induction needle first ignites, thereby
  • the catalyst on the preheating section in the catalyst 12 is heated until the temperature of the catalyst reaches 700 ° C or higher, and then the fan 300 and the gas proportional valve 400 respectively pass the air and the gas into the premixing chamber 1101 through the inlet 1102, respectively.
  • the distribution member 15 at the air inlet 1102 can thoroughly mix the gas and the air, and when the mixture of the gas and the air enters the premixing chamber 1101, then catalytic combustion is performed through the catalyst 12 due to the catalyst.
  • the temperature has reached the light-off temperature, so that the catalytic combustion of the gas-air mixture can be continuously carried out, the production of nitrogen oxides can be effectively suppressed, and the catalytic combustion is relatively complete, and the content of carbon monoxide in the flue gas can be reduced, and the combustion is generated.
  • the high temperature flue gas exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 500, thereby heating the water in the heat exchanger 500 to ensure the outflow of the gas hot water A hot water is, after the flue gas after exchanging heat collector collecting hood 600 is discharged outside through the exhaust port 61.
  • the catalytic burner 100 adopts catalytic combustion, which can ensure full combustion of the gas, is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and can not only drop Low carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide emissions (carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides are less than 10 ppm), and the combustion is moderate, the combustion noise is low (combustion noise is less than 48 dB), and the safety is higher.
  • the catalytic burner 100 has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small volume, safe use, energy saving and environmental protection, and good user experience.
  • the gas water heater A has a simple and compact structure, reliable connection of various components, small volume, catalytic combustion of gas and air in the catalytic combustor 100, and oxidation of carbon monoxide and nitrogen in the flue gas after combustion.
  • the content of the material is small, energy saving and environmental protection, safe to use, and the combustion of the gas and air mixture is moderated, which is beneficial to reducing the working noise of the gas water heater A, and the user experience is good.

Abstract

一种燃气热水器(A)，包括：壳体(200)、催化燃烧器(100)、催化器（12）、风机（300）、燃气比例阀（400）和换热器（500）。催化器(12)被构造成当温度超过预定温度且有燃气和空气供给时持续燃烧；风机(300)向预混腔(1101)输送空气；燃气比例阀(400)向预混腔(1101)输送燃气；换热器(500)吸收催化燃烧器(100)燃烧产生的热量。

Description

燃气热水器 技术领域
本发明涉及热水器技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种燃气热水器。
背景技术
燃烧器采用的主要燃烧方式为有焰燃烧，即燃气和空气在燃烧装置中不预先进行混合，而是分别将燃气与空气送进燃烧室中，并在其中边混合边燃烧，燃烧产生的火焰较长，并有鲜明的轮廓，由于有焰燃烧的活化能较高，燃烧速度慢，燃烧不完全，导致热效率下降。此外，有焰燃烧火焰的气体辐射量较小，主要以对流换热为主要的传热方式，容易降低能源的利用率。
再者，由于燃烧的不同部位与空气接触的差异，容易导致燃烧的完全程度和温度也不同，在高温区中，由于温度较高，容易导致NOx污染物的生成；在低温区中，由于燃烧不完全，容易产一氧化碳、碳氢化合物和焦油等有害物质。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提出一种燃气热水器，该燃气热水器节能环保，用户体验好。
根据本发明实施例的燃气热水器，包括：壳体，所述壳体内限定有容纳腔，所述壳体具有进水接口和出水接口；催化燃烧器，所述催化燃烧器设在所述容纳腔内，所述催化燃烧器内限定有预混腔，所述催化燃烧器具有与所述预混腔导通的进气口和出气口，所述出气口处设有催化器，所述催化器被构造成当温度超过预定温度且有燃气和空气供给时持续燃烧；风机，所述风机与所述进气口导通以向所述预混腔输送空气；燃气比例阀，所述燃气比例阀的出口与所述进气口导通以向所述预混腔输送燃气；换热器，所述换热器设在所述燃烧器的上方且与所述燃烧器相连以吸收所述燃烧器燃烧产生的热量，所述换热器具有进水口和出水口，所述进水口与所述进水接口导通，所述出水口与所述出水接口导通。
根据本发明实施例的燃气热水器，结构简单、紧凑，各部件连接可靠，体积小，燃气和空气在催化燃烧器内进行催化燃烧，燃烧后的烟气中的一氧化碳和氮氧化物的含量较少，节能环保，使用安全，并且燃气与空气的混合气燃烧缓和，有利于降低燃气热水器的工作噪音。该燃气热水器的结构简单、紧凑，各部件连接可靠，装拆方便，工作噪音低，使用安全，节能环保，用户体验好。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述进气口处罩设有分配件，所述分配件上具有多个间隔开 布置且与预混腔导通的分配孔。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述分配孔呈多圈布置，每圈包括多个沿所述分配件的周向间隔开布置的所述分配孔。
根据本发明的一个实施例，多个所述分配孔呈发射状布置。
根据本发明的一个实施例，催化燃烧器包括：燃烧器框体，所述燃烧器框体内限定有所述预混腔，所述进气口和出气口设在所述燃烧器框体上；催化器，所述催化器包括基体和涂覆在所述基体上的催化剂，且所述催化器上集成有预热段。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述分配件的外周沿设有多个凸耳，所述分配件通过多个所述凸耳与所述燃烧器框体可拆卸地相连。
根据本发明的一个实施例，催化燃烧器还包括：催化器底座，所述催化器底座设在所述燃烧器框体上且位于所述出气口处；催化器上盖，所述催化器上盖罩设在所述催化器底座上且与催化器底座之间限定出用于容纳催化器的安装腔，所述催化器上盖具有与所述安装腔导通的开口。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述催化器底座形成沿所述出气口的周向延伸的环形，所述催化器上盖与所述催化器底座贴合，所述催化器底座与所述燃烧器框体之间设有绝热密封垫。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述燃烧器框体的邻近所述出气口的位置设有点火针或感应针。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述基体为碳化硅泡沫陶瓷，所述催化剂为改性氧化铝、铂、钯以及氧化铁和/或氧化铁的混合物。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明实施例的催化燃烧器在一个角度的立体图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的催化燃烧器在另一个角度的立体图；
图3是根据本发明实施例的催化燃烧器的剖视图；
图4是根据本发明实施例的催化燃烧器的另一个方向的剖视图；
图5是根据本发明实施例的催化燃烧器的分配件的结构示意图；
图6是根据本发明实施例的燃气热水器的结构示意图。
附图标记：
A：燃气热水器；
100：催化燃烧器；
11：燃烧器框体；
1101：预混腔；1102：进气口；1103：出气口；1104：安装口；
12：催化器；
13：催化器底座；
14：催化器上盖；
15：分配件；151：分配孔；152：凸耳；
16：密封垫；
200：壳体；21：容纳腔；22：进水接口；23：出水接口；
300：风机；
400：燃气比例阀；
500：换热器；
600：集烟罩；61：排烟口。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
下面结合附图1至图6具体描述根据本发明实施例的燃气热水器A。
根据本发明实施例的燃气热水器A包括壳体200、催化燃烧器100、风机300、燃气比例阀400和换热器500。具体而言，壳体200内限定有容纳腔21，壳体200具有进水接口22和出水接口23，催化燃烧器100设在容纳腔21内，催化燃烧器100内限定有预混腔1101，催化燃烧器100具有与预混腔1101导通的进气口1102和出气口1103，出气口1103处设有催化器12，催化器12被构造成当温度超过预定温度且有燃气和空气供给时持续燃烧。
进一步地，风机300与进气口1102导通以向预混腔1101输送空气，燃气比例阀400的出口与进气口1102导通以向预混腔1101输送燃气，换热器500设在燃烧器的上方且与燃烧器相连以吸收燃烧器燃烧产生的热量，换热器500具有进水口和出水口，进水口与进水接口22导通，出水口与出水接口23导通。
具体地，如图6所示，壳体200沿竖直方向(如图6所示的上下方向)延伸，壳体200内限定有沿其长度方向延伸的容纳腔21，壳体200的底部设有进水接口22和出水接口23，容纳腔21内的底部设有风机300，催化燃烧器100设在风机300的上方且催化燃烧器100的进气口1102与风机300的出口连通，燃气比例阀400设在风机300的一侧且与进气口1102 导通，换热器500设在催化燃烧器100的上方且与催化燃烧器100相连，换热器500具有与进水接口22导通的进水口和与出水接口23导通的出水口。
风机300提供空气，燃气比例阀400提供燃气，然后经过文丘里预混结构进行引射预混后，燃气和空气的混合物进入催化燃烧器100，经过分配件15分配后，到达催化燃烧器100的催化器12上，经过点火针点火后进行燃烧，燃烧产生的高温烟气与换热器500进行热量交换，从而加热换热器500内的水，保证流出燃气热水器A的是热水，经过热量交换后的烟气经集烟罩600搜集后、通过排烟口61排出室外。
其中，燃气和空气的混合物在催化器12上的燃烧过程为：点火后先进行有焰燃烧，对催化器12进行预热，待催化器12的温度达到预定温度后，改变燃气和空气的流量，使燃烧方式切换为催化燃烧。
由此，根据本发明实施例的燃气热水器A，结构简单、紧凑，各部件连接可靠，体积小，燃气和空气在催化燃烧器100内进行催化燃烧，燃烧后的烟气中的一氧化碳和氮氧化物的含量较少，节能环保，使用安全，并且燃气与空气的混合气燃烧缓和，有利于降低燃气热水器A的工作噪音。该燃气热水器A的结构简单、紧凑，各部件连接可靠，装拆方便，体积小，工作噪音低，使用安全，节能环保，用户体验好。
这里需要说明的是，由于催化燃烧火焰低甚至为无焰燃烧，与相关技术中的燃气热水器相比，该燃气热水器A的燃烧室高度可以下降，从而降低整机高度，使燃气热水器A更小巧。
其中，如图1至图3所示，催化燃烧器100包括燃烧器框体11和催化器12。具体而言，燃烧器框体11内限定有预混腔1101，燃烧器框体11具有与预混腔1101导通的进气口1102和出气口1103，催化器12设在燃烧器框体11上且位于出气口1103处，催化器12被构造成当温度超过预定温度且有燃气和空气供给时持续燃烧。
换言之，该催化燃烧器100主要由燃烧器框体11和催化器12组成，其中，燃烧器框体11沿竖直方向(如图1和图3所示的上下方向)延伸，燃烧器框体11内限定有上端和下端敞开的预混腔1101，燃烧器框体11的下端开口形成进气口1102，而燃烧器框体11的上端开口形成出气口1103。
进一步地，催化器12设在燃烧器框体11的出气口1103处，且催化器12与燃烧器框体11的内壁面相连，例如，催化器12可以形成与出气口1103的形状对应的结构，然后卡接在燃烧器框体11的内壁面上，从而保证催化器12与燃烧器框体11的固定连接，催化器12可以形成网状、蜂窝状结构，当催化燃烧器100工作时，空气和燃气通过进气口1102进入预混腔1101内进行充分混合，然后经过出气口1103处的催化器12并进行预热，在催化器12的作用下、燃气与空气燃烧催化燃烧，从而降低一氧化碳和氮氧化物的排放。
由此，根据本发明实施例的催化燃烧器100，结构简单，各部件连接可靠，与相关技术 中的有焰燃烧方式相比，该催化燃烧器100采用催化燃烧，可以保证燃气充分燃烧，更加节能环保，不仅可以降低一氧化碳和氮氧化物的排放，而且燃烧缓和、燃烧噪音低，安全性更高。该催化燃烧器100的结构简单、紧凑，体积小，使用安全，节能环保，用户体验好。
其中，根据本发明的一个实施例，催化器12包括基体和涂覆在基体上的催化剂，且催化器12上集成有预热段。
也就是说，催化器12主要由基体和催化剂组成，基体可以形成网状、蜂窝状结构，并且基体的邻近预混腔1101的位置上集成有预热段，催化燃烧所需的催化剂设在基体的内表面上，保证燃气与空气的混合气经过催化器12时，可以燃烧充分、均匀。
具体地，燃气与空气在预混腔1101内经过充分混合后首先经过催化器12上的预热段，在预热段的作用下，催化剂的温度逐渐升高，使催化剂达到预设温度(起燃温度)，从而使催化剂充分发挥催化功效，实现燃气的催化燃烧。
由于催化燃烧火焰低甚至为无焰燃烧，与相关技术中的燃气热水器相比，将预热段集成在催化器12上，可以减小燃烧器的体积，使燃气热水器A的燃烧室高度可以下降，从而降低整机高度，使燃气热水器A更小巧，实现燃烧器的轻量化的目的。
再者，还保证催化剂可以达到起燃温度，从而使催化剂可以发挥催化功效，实现燃气的催化燃烧，与相关技术中的有焰燃烧方式相比，该催化燃烧器100采用催化燃烧方式，不仅可以实现一氧化碳和氮氧化物的低排放，安全性更高，而且可以降低燃烧噪音，节能环保，用户体验好。
可选地，根据本发明的一个实施例，基体为碳化硅泡沫陶瓷，催化剂为改性氧化铝、铂、钯以及氧化铁和/或氧化铁的混合物。
采用碳化硅泡沫陶瓷加工而成的基体，不仅有利于催化剂的附着，从而增加催化剂的附着面积，进而提高燃气的催化燃烧效果，而且还可以时燃气与空气在燃烧时进一步充分混合，保证燃气可以充分、均匀地燃烧，再者，碳化硅泡沫陶瓷耐高温，强度高，可以实现明火燃烧。
进一步地，催化剂主要由改性氧化铝、活性组分以及助剂组成，其中，活性组分可以为铂、钯，助剂可以为氧化铁、氧化铁，将催化剂通过粘接剂制成浆液后涂覆在基体上，保证燃气与空气的混合气可以与催化剂充分接触，从而使催化器12的各区域内的燃气均可以均匀燃烧，提高燃气的催化燃烧效果。
有利地，根据本发明的一个实施例，催化燃烧器100还包括分配件15，分配件15罩设在进气口1102处，分配件15上具有多个间隔开布置且与预混腔1101导通的分配孔151。
换言之，该催化燃烧器100主要由燃烧器框体11、催化器12和分配件15组成，其中，分配件15罩设在燃烧器框体11的进气口1102处，且分配件15的形状与进气口1102的形 状一致，分配件15上设有多个间隔开布置的分配孔151，每个分配孔151分别与预混腔1101导通，当燃气和空气通过分配件15时，分配件15上的多个分配孔151可以将燃气和空气打散，从而使燃气与空气进行充分混合，保证在不同区域内燃气与空气的比例一致，进而使燃气与空气的混合气充分、均匀地燃烧，实现燃气的催化燃烧，不仅可以降低一氧化碳和氮氧化物的排放，更加节能环保，而且燃烧缓和、燃烧噪音低，安全性更高。
可选地，根据本发明的一个实施例，分配孔151呈多圈布置，每圈包括多个沿分配件15的周向间隔开布置的分配孔151。具体地，分配件15可以大致形成圆形板件，分配件15上设有多圈间隔开布置的分配孔151，每圈的多个分配孔151沿其周向间隔开布置，有利地，多个分配孔151均匀布置，从而保证燃气与空气可以更加充分、均匀地混合，进一步提高燃气与空气的混合气的催化燃烧。
有利地，根据本发明的一个实施例，多个分配孔151呈发射状布置。参照图5，分配件15上设有多组分配孔151，多组分配孔151沿分配件15的周向间隔开布置，每组的多个分配孔151沿分配件15的径向间隔开布置，即分配件15的中部的分配孔151的布置密度较密，而分配件15的远离中心第二分配孔151的布置密度较疏，燃气和空气分别通过分配孔151呈发射状布置的分配件15，使燃气与空气进入预混腔1101内从中心位置向四周扩散，从而进一步保证燃气与空气可以充分混合，进而提高燃气与空气的混合气的催化燃烧，更加节能环保，不仅可以降低一氧化碳和氮氧化物的排放，而且燃烧缓和、燃烧噪音低，安全性更高。
此外，根据本发明的一个实施例，分配件15的外周沿设有多个凸耳152，分配件15通过多个凸耳152与燃烧器框体11可拆卸地相连。
具体地，分配件15和进气口1102形成形状一致的圆形，且分配件15的外径尺寸大于等于进气口1102的径向尺寸，分配件15的外周沿设有四个沿其周向间隔开布置的凸耳152，每个凸耳152沿分配件15的径向向外延伸，分配件15通过多个凸耳152与燃烧器框体11相连，保证分配件15与燃烧器框体11的连接可靠性。
其中，如图3和图4所示，催化燃烧器100还包括催化器底座13和催化器上盖14，催化器底座13设在燃烧器框体11上且位于出气口1103处，催化器上盖14罩设在催化器底座13上且与催化器底座13之间限定出用于容纳催化器12的安装腔，催化器上盖14具有与安装腔导通的开口。
换言之，该催化燃烧器100主要由燃烧器框体11、催化器12、催化器底座13、催化器上盖14组成，其中催化器底座13设在燃烧器框体11的出气口1103处，催化器底座13的中部设有与预混腔1101导通的底座通气口，催化器上盖14罩设在催化器底座13的上方且与催化器底座13相连，催化器上盖14的中部设有上盖通气口，催化器底座13与催化器上盖14之间限定出用于容纳催化器12的安装腔，安装腔分别与底座通气口和上盖通气口导通。
由此，将催化器12设在催化器底座13与催化器上盖14之间限定出的安装腔，可以保证催化器12的固定安装，保证催化器12可以在燃气的催化燃烧过程中充分发挥作用。
可选地，根据本发明的一个实施例，催化器底座13形成沿出气口1103的周向延伸的环形，催化器上盖14与催化器底座13贴合，催化器底座13与燃烧器框体11之间设有绝热密封垫16。由此，通过在催化器底座13与燃烧器框体11的上端面之间设置密封垫16，可以保证二者之间的密封性，从而避免预混腔1101内的燃气与空气的混合气发生泄漏，导致燃气不完全燃烧。
有利地，根据本发明的一个实施例，燃烧器框体11的邻近出气口1103的位置设有点火针或感应针。具体地，燃烧器框体11的顶壁设有用于安徽组昂点火针或者感应针的安装口1104，点火针或者感应针邻近出气口1103设置，以实现点火，使催化器12的催化剂的温度达到预设温度(起燃温度)，从而使燃气与空气的混合气经过预热段时可以发生催化燃烧。
下面结合具体实施例详细描述根据本发明实施例的燃气热水器A以及催化燃烧器100的工作过程。
如图1和图3所示，该催化燃烧器100主要由燃烧器框体11、催化器12、催化器底座13、催化器上盖14、分配件15、密封垫16、点火针/感应针组成。
其中，点火针/感应针部装安装在燃烧器框体11的底壁的安装口1104内，分配件15固定在燃烧器框体11的进气口1102处，实现燃气和空气混合物的均匀分配，保证到达催化器12各区域的燃气和空气混合物均匀，实现催化器12全段均匀燃烧。
催化器12主要由基体和涂覆在基体上的催化剂组成，催化剂需要一定的起燃温度才能发挥催化功效，实现催化燃烧，因此催化器12集成有明火预热燃烧段，使催化器12上的催化剂进行预热。
燃气热水器A工作时，首先通过进水接口22向换热器500内通入水，然后控制器控制催化燃烧器100开始工作，催化燃烧器100开始工作时，首先点火针/感应针实现点火，从而对催化器12内的预热段上的催化剂进行加热，直至催化剂的温度达到700℃以上，然后风机300以及燃气比例阀400分别将空气和燃气分别通过进气口1102通入预混腔1101内，在此过程中，进气口1102处的分配件15可以将燃气与空气进行充分混合，当燃气和空气的混合气进入预混腔1101内时，然后通过催化器12进行催化燃烧，由于催化剂的温度已经达到起燃温度，因此可以保证燃气和空气的混合气的催化燃烧的持续进行，有效抑制氮氧化物的产生，同时催化燃烧比较完全，可以降低烟气中一氧化碳的含量，燃烧产生的高温烟气与换热器500进行热量交换，从而加热换热器500内的水，保证流出燃气热水器A的是热水，经过热量交换后的烟气经集烟罩600搜集后、通过排烟口61排出室外。
该催化燃烧器100采用催化燃烧，可以保证燃气充分燃烧，更加节能环保，不仅可以降 低一氧化碳和氮氧化物的排放(一氧化碳和氮氧化物的排放浓度低于10ppm)，而且燃烧缓和、燃烧噪音低(燃烧噪音低于48dB)，安全性更高。该催化燃烧器100的结构简单、紧凑，体积小，使用安全，节能环保，用户体验好。
由此，根据本发明实施例的燃气热水器A，结构简单、紧凑，各部件连接可靠，体积小，燃气和空气在催化燃烧器100内进行催化燃烧，燃烧后的烟气中的一氧化碳和氮氧化物的含量较少，节能环保，使用安全，并且燃气与空气的混合气燃烧缓和，有利于降低燃气热水器A的工作噪音，用户体验好。
根据本发明实施例的燃气热水器A的其他构成以及操作对于本领域普通技术人员而言都是已知的，这里不再详细描述。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种燃气热水器，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体，所述壳体内限定有容纳腔，所述壳体具有进水接口和出水接口；
    催化燃烧器，所述催化燃烧器设在所述容纳腔内，所述催化燃烧器内限定有预混腔，所述催化燃烧器具有与所述预混腔导通的进气口和出气口，所述出气口处设有催化器，所述催化器被构造成当温度超过预定温度且有燃气和空气供给时持续燃烧；
    风机，所述风机与所述进气口导通以向所述预混腔输送空气；
    燃气比例阀，所述燃气比例阀的出口与所述进气口导通以向所述预混腔输送燃气；
    换热器，所述换热器设在所述燃烧器的上方且与所述燃烧器相连以吸收所述燃烧器燃烧产生的热量，所述换热器具有进水口和出水口，所述进水口与所述进水接口导通，所述出水口与所述出水接口导通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的燃气热水器，其特征在于，所述进气口处罩设有分配件，所述分配件上具有多个间隔开布置且与预混腔导通的分配孔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的燃气热水器，其特征在于，所述分配孔呈多圈布置，每圈包括多个沿所述分配件的周向间隔开布置的所述分配孔。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的燃气热水器，其特征在于，多个所述分配孔呈发射状布置。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的燃气热水器，其特征在于，催化燃烧器包括：
    燃烧器框体，所述燃烧器框体内限定有所述预混腔，所述进气口和出气口设在所述燃烧器框体上；
    催化器，所述催化器包括基体和涂覆在所述基体上的催化剂，且所述催化器上集成有预热段。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的燃气热水器，其特征在于，所述分配件的外周沿设有多个凸耳，所述分配件通过多个所述凸耳与所述燃烧器框体可拆卸地相连。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的燃气热水器，其特征在于，催化燃烧器还包括：
    催化器底座，所述催化器底座设在所述燃烧器框体上且位于所述出气口处；
    催化器上盖，所述催化器上盖罩设在所述催化器底座上且与催化器底座之间限定出用于容纳催化器的安装腔，所述催化器上盖具有与所述安装腔导通的开口。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的燃气热水器，其特征在于，所述催化器底座形成沿所述出气口的周向延伸的环形，所述催化器上盖与所述催化器底座贴合，所述催化器底座与所述燃烧器框体之间设有绝热密封垫。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的燃气热水器，其特征在于，所述燃烧器框体的邻近所述出气 口的位置设有点火针或感应针。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的燃气热水器，其特征在于，所述基体为碳化硅泡沫陶瓷，所述催化剂为改性氧化铝、铂、钯以及氧化铁和/或氧化铁的混合物。
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