WO2018056915A1

WO2018056915A1 - Ready-mixed clay plaster compounds produced with natural materials

Info

Publication number: WO2018056915A1
Application number: PCT/TR2016/000217
Authority: WO
Inventors: Emiroglu MEHMET
Original assignee: Mehmet Emiroglu
Priority date: 2016-09-22
Filing date: 2016-12-30
Publication date: 2018-03-29

Abstract

The invention includes different blends of the ready-mixed clay plaster produced from natural raw materials which can be used in the interior and exterior of buildings and in the restoration of historical buildings. Thanks to the breathing ability of the compound, it makes an essential contribution especially to the indoor humidity balance.

Description

DESCRIPTION

READY-MIXED CLAY PLASTER COMPOUNDS PRODUCED WITH NATURAL

MATERIALS

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to breathable ready-mixed clay plaster compounds produced with natural raw materials that can be used in the interior and exterior plastering of buildings.

STATUS OF THE TECHNICAL ASPECTS

Very small sized granules arising from the crumbling of the rocks in nature over time and / or the decay of organic materials due to some physical and chemical phenomena are called soil. It is known that they are occurred with the decomposition of the feldspars or the with change of the minerals after decay or washing of the volcanic masses under certain conditions.

(Yilmaz 2005). Depending on the sizes of these crumbled grains, they come from different origins as soil materials as clay (<0, 002mm), silt (<0,06) and sand (0,06- 4mm) (Uzuner, 2007; Erdogan and Erdogan, 2007). Clay is a natural material that is composed of fine-grained minerals smaller than 2 microns and acquires binding properties in a certain water content. The clay minerals in clay-rich soil gain plasticity when they contact with water (Revees et al., 2006).

The clay is composed of various minerals having primary and secondary origins and are geologically in thin and very fine grain sizes. The clay contains different mineral constituents in their natural forms, but they are not pure clusters (Sumer 2005).

The clay is mainly composed of aluminum silicates, but it also contains other elements such as magnesium and iron depending on the type of clay (Yilmaz 2005). The main constituents of clay soils are silicates and aluminates in the hydrated state. Along with these, there are also some foreign substances in clayed soils such as iron oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, alkalis and sand. For all these reasons, it is possible to find a very complex chemical composition of clays from various roots (Uzuner, 2007, Erdogan and Erdogan, 2007).

The clay is found in a variety of forms, such as soft mud, soft solids and layered stones. Some clay forms like the refractory clay is found in very deep in tick beds or in narrow strips. Other sort of clay which are accumulated by the water are close to the surface (Sumer 2005).

There are four main features, such as plasticity, cohesion, color and retraction. Plasticity

Apart from a few exceptions like talc, there are no known minerals other than clay minerals having plasticity. It is necessary to mix it with water to give plasticity to the clay. Only water can give the clay this feature. It means that clay gets the normal plastic form when it clearly shows fingerprints after pressing on it but does not adhere to the hand. The amount of water ratio that the dried clay gets until it becomes this form is called the plasticity number of the clay. Kaolinitic clay and fine clay are generally less plastic, while binding kills are very plastic. The plasticity water of the clay is usually between 0.15-0.40. The source of the industrial value of the clay is its feature of plasticity. Thanks to the plasticity, it can be used in many applications such as construction, plastic, rubber and paint by making the desired shape after it is mixed with water, cooked and dried. (Yilmaz,

2005; Greenwood and Earnshaw, 1997).

Cohesion

As in the plasticity feature, it is absolutely necessary to mix the clay with water in order to make it cohesive. Again, just like the plasticity property, no liquid outside water gives cohesion property to the clay. It is the cohesion feature of the clay that provides the ability to retain the shape of the barbotine after dried (Greenwood and Earnshaw, 1997).

Color

There are many metal oxides and organic compounds in the clay and they can be found in various natural colors depending on the type of the oxide. The color of kaolin, known as the pure state of the clay, is white. Besides, the colors of the clay in the forest could be yellow, pink, reddish, bluish gray, green and blackish. The materials composing clay can be estimated by looking at the its color (Greenwood and Earnshaw, 1997).

Retraction (Shrinkage)

If the clay that is kneaded with water is left to dry after getting shape, there will be a decrease in the original scale. In other words, during drying the volume of barbotine decreases. This reduction in the volume of clay during drying is called the retraction feature of the clay. The retraction continues during the cooking phase, if any. The retraction feature, occurring after the loss of water in the clay is related to its plasticity feature (Greenwood and Earnshaw, 1997).

The clay, as it is explained above, has quite wide properties and usage areas. In terms of the invention, it is generally relevant to the construction business

Clay is one of the minerals found abundantly in nature. Thanks to this feature, its use as a building material is as old as human history. The new generation of clay plots, finely ground and mixed with the appropriate amount of sand, emerges as an aesthetic, decorative and organic covering material for the buildings. The ready-mixed clay plasters, which are very easy to produce both in terms of material design and mix design, also provide user convenience. There are ready- mixed plaster products that have been intensively used in the construction sector in recent years. These products can be listed as mineral-based, granite type, ready silk, perlite, ready knetix and synthetic resin-binding plaster etc... These products are successfully used in many applications. However, almost none of these products are as environmentally friendly as the ready-mixed clay in terms of C02 emission during the production phase and the raw material demand. This new generation clay pots, finely ground and mixed with the appropriate amount of sand, emerges as an aesthetic, decorative and organic covering material for the buildings. The ready-made clay plasters, which are very easy to produce both in terms of material design and mixture design, also provide user convenience. In addition, one of the greatest advantages of ready-mixed clay plasters regarding environmental benefits is that it is easy to recycle since it does not leave harmful waste after use and is made from natural materials. The ready-mixed clay is candidate to become an unprecedented construction material which is traditional but meeting the needs of today as well as helping the correct and efficient use of the country's resources.

DEFINITION OF THE INVENTION Ready-made plaster materials used in the market are successfully used in practice. However, almost none of these products are as environmentally friendly as the ready-mixed clay in terms of the C02 emitted during production and raw material demand. This new generation of clay plasters, finely ground and mixed with the appropriate amount of sand, emerges as an aesthetic, decorative and organic covering material for the buildings. The ready-made clay plasters, which are very easy to produce both in terms of material design and mixture design, also provide user convenience. In addition, one of the greatest advantages of ready- mixed clay plasters regarding environmental benefits is that it is easy to recycle since it does not leave harmful waste after use and is made from natural materials. The ready-mixed clay is candidate to become an unprecedented construction material which is traditional but meeting the needs of today as well as helping the correct and efficient use of the country's resources.

The application steps of the invention are described in this description. It should be noted, however, that the application steps mentioned in the description are only examples of the mixture and they can be applied in various other ways. For this reason, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein should not be construed restrictively. The description herein solely represents an application of the invention with almost any method, structure, and system in various forms by a skilled person. In addition, the terms and expressions used herein are used for clarity of understanding of the invention and not for restriction.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

There are ready-mixed plaster products that have been intensively used in the construction sector in recent years. These products can be listed as mineral- based, granite type, ready silk, perlite, ready knetix and synthetic resin-binding plaster etc. .

Sand, clay, dolomite, glass fiber and mixing water have been used in ready-mixed clay plasters which are subject to the invention. The mixtures have indoor and outdoor, applications, but also can be used for decorative and special purposes. Mixtures are suitable for historic building restoration, existing buildings and newly built buildings.

The clay / sand ratios used in the blends which can be used as ready clay plaster are 0.1 1 / 9.00, 0.25 / 4.00, 0.43 / 2.33, 0.67 / 1 .50, 1 .00 / 1 .00, 1.50 / 0.67, 2.33 /

0.43 and 4.00 / 0.25 by weight. It may consist of kaolinite, smectite, montmorillonite, minerals in ready-mixed clay plaster mixtures.

Aggregates of different origin such as limestone, basalt aggregate, creek sand, crushed sand, pumice, marble dust, and perlite can be used as sand in the mixes. It is preferred that the aggregate particle distribution used in the mixtures is 0-

1000 micron for thin plaster applications and 0-3000 micron for coarse plaster.

Ready-mixed clay plaster compounds may contain oxide pigments and / or color pigment additives in a range of 0.1 % to 5% by weight to provide color diversity.

In order to prevent surface cracks and shrinkage, filler materials like dolomite, marble tobacco and stone tobacco etc. can be used. The use of fillers may be preferred in proportions of 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3, relative to the total aggregate weight of the mixture.

In the mixtures, glass fibers and basalt fibers having industrial production may be used as well as stalks like straw, sugar cane stalks, etc., which are used in conventional applications. The mixtures achieved are suitable for application to various surfaces such as mud brick, wood, brick, aerated concrete and bare concrete surface. Mixtures can be applied by hand, by trowel and by plaster machines.

Claims

1 - The invention is a ready-mixed clay plaster compound produced with natural materials and is characterized by containing clay/sand in ratios of 0.1 1 / 9.00, 0.25 / 4.00, 0.43 / 2.33, 0.67 / 1 .50, 1 .00 / 1 .00, 1 .50 / 0.67, 2.33 / 0.43 and 4.00 / 0.25 clay / g by weight.

2- The invention is a ready-mixed clay plaster compound produced with natural materials and is characterized by containing minerals of kaolinite, smectite, montmorillonite.

3- The invention is a ready-mixed clay plaster compound produced with natural materials and is characterized by containing aggregates of different origin such as limestone, basalt aggregate, creek sand, crushed sand, pumice, marble dust, and perlite which can be used as sand.

4. The aggregates according to claim 3; characterized by containing aggregates of granules in 0-1000 microns for fine plaster applications and 0-3000 microns for coarse plaster.

5- The invention is a ready-mixed clay plaster compound produced with natural materials and is characterized by containing oxide paint and / or color pigment additive in the range of 0.1 % to 5% by weight in order to provide color diversity. 6- The invention is a ready-mixed clay plaster compound produced with natural materials and is characterized by containing dolomite, marble dust and stone dust to prevent surface cracks and shrinkage in the mixes.

7- The invention is a ready-mixed clay plaster compound produced with natural materials and is characterized by its preference of the use of fillers in proportions of 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 relative to the total aggregate weight of the mixture.

8- The invention is a ready-mixed clay plaster compound produced with natural materials and is characterized by the containing fiberglass and basalt fibers as the fibers having industrial production