WO2018053822A1

WO2018053822A1 - Light energy receiving apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2018053822A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/100052
Authority: WO
Inventors: 胡笑平
Original assignee: 博立码杰通讯(深圳)有限公司
Priority date: 2016-09-26
Filing date: 2016-09-26
Publication date: 2018-03-29

Abstract

A light energy receiving apparatus comprising a conical light guiding component (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, and 710), one extremity (111 and 211) thereof having a bigger opening while the other extremity (112 and 212) having a smaller opening, the interior being a reflective surface, and the reflective surface being formed at least partly by a scattered light mirror (2101, 3101, 6101, and 6101'); and a light energy utilizing component (120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620, and 720) provided at the extremity (112 and 212) of the smaller opening of the conical light guiding component (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, and 710), having a light receiving surface facing the extremity (111 and 211) of the larger opening of the conical light guiding component (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, and 710), and used for converting or utilizing received light energy. Because the conical light guiding component (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, and 710) is employed to implement a light converging function and the scattered light mirror (2101, 3101, 6101, and 6101') is partly employed to reflect light, sunlight, when being offset at a large angle from the direction at noon, can still be effectively converged onto the light energy utilizing component (120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620, and 720), and great cost-performance ratio is provided.

Description

Light energy receiving device

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of clean energy technologies, and in particular, to a light energy receiving device.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection, solar energy systems have become more widely used. In order to improve the ability to collect sunlight, a concentrating solar system has emerged, which generally focuses sunlight on a light energy utilization device such as a photovoltaic panel, so that a smaller area of light energy can be obtained from a larger area. The sunlight that the lens converges.

[0004] However, in the case of lens concentrating, the system often has a higher concentrating ratio. This can result in light-utilizing the device with excessive temperatures, requiring additional cooling systems to be configured, or only in the form of photo-thermal conversion. Therefore, for situations where a high concentration ratio is not required, a more economical light energy receiving device is worth studying.

[0005] There is also a method of using a polyhedral-shaped light guide device for low-concentration light, for example, the announcement date is September 21, 2011, and the announcement number is CN201985139U, and the name is "low-concentration solar cell". China Patent. However, in these schemes, the large-angle deflection of sunlight is not considered. In many cases, the illumination angle of sunlight makes the sunlight concentrated by the tapered light guiding device and the central axis of the photovoltaic panel have a large The angle is such that it is difficult to obtain a desired condensing ratio and light energy utilization efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0007] According to the present invention, there is provided a light energy receiving device comprising a tapered light guiding device having a larger opening at one end and a smaller opening at the other end, and the interior is a reflective surface, the reflective surface being at least partially reflected by astigmatism a divergent reflector is formed; and a light energy utilizing device is disposed at a smaller end of the tapered light guiding device, and the light receiving surface faces the larger end of the tapered light guiding device for receiving the received Light energy is used for energy conversion or utilization. The so-called astigmatism mirror is selected from the group consisting of: a convex mirror, a concave reflective Fresnel lens, a non-uniform thickness reflective lens, and a non-uniform refractive index reflective lens.

[0008] According to the light energy receiving device of the present invention, a confocal light guiding device is used to realize a concentrating function, and at least partially using an astigmatism mirror to reflect light, so that the offset angle of the incident light can still be large. Effectively Converging incident light onto the light energy utilization device. Compared with the conventional light energy receiving device without the concentrating device, the area of the light energy utilizing device can be reduced, and the utilization efficiency thereof can be improved, compared with the light energy receiving device using the lens concentrating, without using the solar system. In this case, it is possible to better adapt to the large angular shift of sunlight, and thus the present invention has a higher cost performance.

The specific examples according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic view of a light energy receiving device of Embodiment 1;

2 is a schematic diagram of a light energy receiving device of Embodiment 2;

3 is a schematic diagram of a light energy receiving device of Embodiment 3;

4 is a schematic diagram of a light energy receiving device of Embodiment 4;

5 is a schematic diagram of a light energy receiving device of Embodiment 5;

6 is a schematic diagram of a light energy receiving device of Embodiment 6;

7 is a schematic view of a light energy receiving device of Embodiment 7, wherein (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a cross-sectional view in a north-south direction.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiment 1

One embodiment of the light energy receiving device according to the present invention may include a tapered light guiding device 110 and a light energy utilizing device 120 with reference to FIG.

[0022] One end 111 of the tapered light guiding device 110 has a larger opening and the other end 112 has a smaller opening, and the inside is a reflective surface.

The reflective surface is formed by an astigmatism mirror. For a single layer mirror, a reflective layer, such as a reflective coating, may be disposed on the inner surface of the tapered wall; for a reflective lens, the reflective layer may be disposed on the outer surface of the tapered wall. Through the reflection of the internal mirror, the conical light guiding device can collect the sunlight collected at the larger end of the cornice to the smaller end of the cornice, achieving a low-cost collecting function.

[0023] The angle of reflection (ie, the exit angle) of the astigmatism mirror is greater than the angle of incidence compared to a conventional mirror. Some small angles of incidence (refer to the angle between the incident light and the normal to the reflective surface at the incident, the smaller angle of incidence of sunlight on the tapered wall usually corresponds to a larger off-angle of the sun's direction away from the midday) After the incident light is reflected by the ordinary mirror, it cannot reach the light energy utilization device located at the bottom of the light guiding device, as shown by the dotted arrow in FIG. As shown, this results in a limited viewing angle of the existing tapered light guiding device. The use of astigmatism mirrors can effectively increase the light-receiving angle of the light-guiding device, as indicated by the solid arrows in Figure 1, thereby improving the utilization of light energy.

[0024] The astigmatism mirror can be implemented in many ways, for example, a convex mirror, a concave reflective Fresnel lens, a non-uniform thickness reflective lens, a non-uniform refractive index reflective lens, or the like. The shape of the concave curved surface may be circumferentially symmetrical or axisymmetric. The term "concave" in the so-called concave reflection type Fresnel lens means that the original lens corresponding to the Fresnel unit in the lens is a concave lens. The Fresnel lens involved in the present invention can be of various types, for example, a simple Fresnel lens containing only one Fresnel unit, a composite Fresnel lens composed of a plurality of Fresnel units, and only one tooth surface. Single-sided Fresnel lens, double-sided Fresnel lens with flank on both sides, coaxial (or concentric) Fresnel lens for all Fresnel elements with focus on one axis (or one point) . A detailed description of the Fresnel lens can be found in the PCT application entitled "Fresnel Lens System", published on June 2, 2016, International Publication No. WO/2016 /082097, and will not be repeated here.

[0025] A reflective lens of a non-uniform thickness refers to a reflective lens formed by providing a reflective layer at the bottom of a light-transmissive material having a non-uniform thickness. The reflective lens of the non-uniform refractive index refers to a reflective lens formed by providing a reflective layer at the bottom of a light-transmitting material having a non-uniform refractive index (combined by a light-transmitting material having different refractive indexes), usually, close to the light guiding device. The smaller end of the cornice has a refractive index greater than the refractive index of the larger end of the mouth of the light guiding device.

In other embodiments, depending on the needs of the application, the reflective surface inside the light guiding device does not need to be entirely astigmatic mirrors. The inner surface of the light guiding device may be divided into a plurality of parts, one part adopts an astigmatism mirror, the other part may be vacant, or set as a common plane mirror, or a louver type single-sided or double-sided mirror (which includes at least Two layers of sloping louvers, one or both sides of each slab being mirrored). For example, the number of astigmatism mirrors may be an even number, each pair of astigmatism mirrors belonging to the same or different types, and disposed face to face in a symmetrical or asymmetrical manner. Preferably, a pair of astigmatism mirrors may be disposed face to face in one of the east, west, and north directions, and other mirrors may be employed in the other direction.

[0027] As an example, the tapered light guiding device in this embodiment has a circular cross section, which is a simple and easy to fabricate shape. The cross section refers to a section perpendicular to the central axis of the light guiding device. In other embodiments, the shape of the cross section may also be elliptical, polygonal (eg, quadrilateral, hexagonal, or Octagon) and so on. Since the shape of the cross section generally coincides with the shape of the cornice at both ends, the tapered light guiding device can be classified into a conical light guiding device, an elliptical conical light guiding device or a polygonal conical light guiding device according to the shape of the cornice.

[0028] However, regardless of the shape of the cross section of the light guiding device, in order to guide the light SS (usually visible as parallel light) incident on the larger end of its mouth to as much as possible to the smaller end of the mouthpiece (thereby being able to illuminate the light energy utilizing device), the angle Θ of the normal of the mirror surface of the tapered light guiding device at each point of curvature continuous with the normal Lr of the light receiving surface of the light energy utilizing device is preferably greater than 45 Degree is less than 90 degrees. The so-called curvature continuous point means that the curvature of the mirror at this point is continuous. For a smooth surface, each point is a continuous point of curvature. For a folded surface, except for the fold line, the other positions are continuous points of curvature.

[0029] The light energy utilizing device 120 is disposed on the smaller end 112 of the tapered light guiding device (or may also be referred to as the bottom of the light guiding device), and the light receiving surface faces the larger end of the tapered light guiding device. , used for energy conversion or utilization of received light energy. The light energy utilization device used in the present invention may be various devices for converting light energy into other energy, such as photoelectric conversion devices (e.g., various photovoltaic panels, photovoltaic films, etc.), photothermal conversion devices, and the like. It can be used alone or in cascade with other energy utilization devices, such as cascading photoelectric conversion devices with thermal energy consumers to achieve higher solar energy utilization efficiency.

[0030] In order to better receive the light concentrated by the light guiding means, the central axis of the light receiving surface of the light energy utilizing device is preferably coincident or parallel with the central axis of the tapered light guiding device. In the embodiment, the light-receiving surface of the light-utilizing device is a flat surface, and the central axis thereof coincides with the normal of the center point.

[0031] In other embodiments, preferably, the light-receiving surface of the light energy utilizing device may also be a pointed cone (eg, a conical or a square cone, etc.) or a strip-shaped cone (ie, the top is a line instead of a point) Cone or cone-shaped, and the smaller end (spike end) is oriented in the direction of the light path. Compared with the conventional planar light-receiving surface, the tapered light-receiving surface reduces the area of the light-receiving surface, so that the concentrating ratio is reduced, but the angle between the light-receiving surface and the incident light can be effectively improved, thereby improving light reception and usage efficiency. The tapered light energy can be provided with a heat absorbing material inside the vertebral body of the device, so that the light energy can utilize the heat dissipation of the device or utilize the heat energy. For a tapered light energy utilizing device, the central axis of the light receiving surface is the central axis of the cone, such as a rotational symmetry axis.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the larger end 111 of the tapered light guiding device is closed by a light transmissive material (for example, a flat or curved glass plate or a transparent plastic plate) 113, so that Conical guide The inner wall of the optical device and the light-receiving surface of the light-utilizing device together form a closed space. The advantage of such a closed structure is that foreign matter (such as dust or rain, etc.) is blocked by the transparent top cover, thereby avoiding affecting the work efficiency or service life of the light energy utilization device.

[0033] When the light energy utilization device adopts a photovoltaic panel, closing the two openings of the tapered light guiding device can reduce the packaging requirements for the photovoltaic panel, and the surface packaging of the photovoltaic panel has always been an important factor restricting the life of the photovoltaic panel. . Further preferably, the inside of the closed conical light guiding device may be evacuated or filled with an inert gas such as helium, argon, helium, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc., and the surface of the photovoltaic panel may be directly exposed to the vacuum without packaging. Or inert gas, not only can better heat dissipation, but also help to increase its life.

[0034] In other embodiments, a gap between the smaller end of the tapered light guiding device and the edge of the light energy utilizing device may be provided so that foreign matter falling into the light guiding device can be discharged through the slit. .

[0035] This embodiment shows a basic structure of a light energy receiving device according to the present invention, which realizes concentrating by means of an astigmatism mirror on the inner surface of the tapered device, in response to the large angle offset of sunlight. Also has excellent cost performance.

Embodiment 2

Another embodiment of the light energy receiving device according to the present invention can be referred to FIG. 2, including a tapered light guiding device 2 10, a light energy utilizing device 220, and a vibrator 230.

[0038] The main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that, firstly, the first embodiment solves the problem that the tapered light guiding device is easy to accumulate dust by adopting a closed structure, and the present embodiment adopts a split structure. Self-cleaning of one or more light-receiving surfaces by setting a vibrator. The floating structure of the embodiment not only saves the transparent material of the larger end of the tapered light guiding device, reduces the cost and reduces the reflection loss, but also makes the heat dissipation performance of the tapered light guiding device better. Second, this embodiment utilizes a strip cone rather than a planar light energy utilizing device. The use of tapered light energy utilizes devices to improve the angle at which light can be incident on the device and improve the efficiency of light energy utilization.

The tapered light guiding device 210 has a quadrangular shape, and a larger end 211 of the opening is open, and the other end 212 having a smaller opening is separated from the edge of the light energy utilizing device 220 through the slit 214.

[0040] The inner surface of the tapered light guiding device 210 is divided into four pieces, one pair (for example, a pair disposed in the north-south direction) using the astigmatism mirror 2101, and the other pair (for example, a pair disposed in the east-west direction). Using louvers Windowed double-sided mirror 2102. Each louvered double-sided mirror includes two layers of lobes that are inclined from the top to the bottom center, and each side of the louvers is a mirror surface. Each blade is supported by a rod 215.

[0041] The vibrator 230 includes a vibrating element 231 and its driving circuit (not shown). Each of the vibrating elements is mechanically coupled to at least one of the light-receiving surfaces of the apparatus to cause it to vibrate, and the vibrating foreign matter can be discharged through the slits 214. The vibrating member 231 is mounted on the tapered light guiding device. Obviously, each of the vibrating elements can cause the entire light-receiving device to vibrate by mechanical connection, but the light-receiving surface of the directly-mounted vibrating element can have a better self-cleaning effect, so that one or more vibrators can be configured according to the needs of the application. For example, the transparent top cover 113 in Embodiment 1 may be provided with a vibrator to self-clean it.

[0042] In order to achieve a good vibration effect, the vibrating element generally operates in a resonant mode. It should be noted that the "mechanical resonance frequency" of the vibrating element in the working chamber should not be understood as the mechanical resonance frequency of the isolated or separated vibrating element, but the mechanical resonance frequency of the vibrating element in the current installation state. Usually related to the mechanical structure to which the vibrating element is fixedly connected, it can be calculated by well-known mathematical means according to the actual device structure, or obtained by experimental measurement.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, the driving circuit of the vibrator includes at least one inductance element and at least one capacitance element connected in series, so that the circuit resonance frequency COC of the driving circuit can be set to be in phase with the mechanical resonance frequency com of the vibration element. Match (including the same or close). The term "frequency" as used herein refers to the circular frequency ω. For the mechanical motion frequency f, which is usually expressed as "times/second", it can be converted according to the well-known formula co=2 tf. The above characteristics can be simply expressed as coc = com = lW (L * C), where L and C are the inductance value and capacitance value of the series LC loop equivalent to the driving circuit, respectively. When the frequency of the drive signal (alternating current or voltage) input to the drive circuit is coc吋, the vibrator can operate in the "double resonance" state of mechanical and circuit resonance. In the dual resonance state, the power consumption of the drive circuit is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the cost of using the self-cleaning function.

[0044] According to different electromechanical conversion principles, the vibrators can be designed in different types. For example, the vibrator may be a piezoelectric vibrator, and the vibrating element employs a piezoelectric element (for example, a piezoelectric vibrating piece) which is connected in series in the driving circuit and serves as a capacitive element in the driving circuit; or, the vibrator may be In the electromagnetic vibrator, the vibrating element adopts a sheet-like magnetic material which is not a part of the driving circuit, and the driving circuit excites the sheet-like magnetized material to generate vibration through the inductance element.

[0045] It should be noted that the "mechanical resonance frequency" of the vibrating element in the working state is related to the installation structure. Therefore, it is possible to cause a drift of the mechanical resonance frequency after installation. The inductive or capacitive element in the drive circuit can preferably be arranged as a parameter-adjustable element so that the drive circuit can be parameterized after installation to maintain a match with the mechanical resonant frequency. In a preferred embodiment, for the piezoelectric vibrator, the inductance element in the drive circuit can be made adjustable; for the electromagnetic vibrator, the capacitance element in the drive circuit can be made adjustable. Accordingly, an external power supply that provides a drive signal should also employ an alternating power supply with an adjustable output frequency.

[0046] The vibrator can be manually activated, or the control circuit can be preferably configured to perform the cleaning operation in a fixed manner or in accordance with an external command or under a set condition to improve the intelligence of the self-cleaning function. In the simple case, the control circuit can only have the control function of the fixed cleaning. In order to more precisely control the downtime in which the cleaning operation is performed, the control circuit can also initiate the cleaning operation according to the set conditions. The setting conditions may be set weather conditions, such as rain, snow, wind, and the like. The setting conditions may also be an excess of power generation, so that excess power can be used for preventive cleaning, further reducing the need for energy consumption. The setting condition may also be the degree of cleaning of at least one of the light receiving surfaces vibrated by the vibrator. The sensor can be set to determine whether the set condition is met, or by further configuring the communication module to obtain an external command or weather forecast to provide the control circuit with the required information. In addition to communicating with a remote control center, the communication module can also be used to communicate between multiple light-emitting devices (for example, status notification or linkage). The communication mode of the communication module can be selected from the group consisting of infrared communication, WiFi, Bluetooth communication, 3G/4G/5G communication, optical communication, and the like.

[0047] In addition to the use of a vibrator for self-cleaning of the light-receiving surface, conventional cleaning methods may alternatively or additionally be employed. For example, a water spray pipe, a vacuum pipe or an electric brush (not shown) can be arranged. Among them, the water spray pipe can be used to spray water onto the light receiving surface, the dust suction pipe can be used to suck foreign matter on the light receiving surface, and the electric brush can be used for brushing the light receiving surface. The control circuit controls the water spray pipe or the suction pipe to work in tandem with the vibrator for enhanced cleaning.

[0048] By arranging the vibrator, the light energy receiving device of the present embodiment can achieve self-cleaning, thereby maintaining efficient operation for a long period of time.

Example 3

Another embodiment of the light energy receiving device according to the present invention can refer to FIG. 3, including a tapered light guiding device 310, a light energy utilizing device 320, a vibrator 330, and a light source tracking mechanism 340. [0051] The tapered light guiding device 310 in this embodiment is similar to that in Embodiment 2, and a pair of astigmatism mirrors 3101 are used in the north-south direction, but a pair of simple plane mirrors 3102 are used in the east-west direction. There is a gap 314 with the light energy utilizing device 320. The light energy utilization device 320 employs a planar photovoltaic device.

[0052] The main difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 2 is that a light source tracking mechanism is further disposed. The tapered light guiding device and the light energy utilizing device are mounted on the light source tracking mechanism, and the light source tracking mechanism is configured to rotate according to the movement of the light source. The light from the light source is made to have a minimum angle with the central axis of the tapered light guiding device. Specifically, the back surface of the light energy utilizing device 320 in this embodiment is fixed to the lateral rotating shaft 341 of the light source tracking mechanism 340. The shaft 341 is rotatable as the sun moves, so that the mouth of the light guiding device is always facing the direction of the sun.

The vibrator 330 employs an electromagnetic vibrator whose magnetized material sheet 331 is fixed to the rotating shaft 341.

[0054] In general, the light energy receiving device with the concentrating function can achieve the best light energy collecting effect by using the same light source tracking mechanism. Since the tapered light guiding device according to the present invention is not extremely sensitive to the shift of light, the light source tracking mechanism in this embodiment employs a single-axis helio-day system, which can satisfy the requirements of applications in most cases. In other embodiments, a two-axis heel system can also be employed for better tracking.

[0055] In the case of a single-axis heel system, it is usually rotated in the east-west direction to perform the following, and therefore, the conical light guiding device is sandwiched between the taper surface in the east-west direction and the central axis of the taper. The angle can be reduced to an optimum 45 degrees.

[0056] This embodiment can be used to improve a solar power station that has been built with a Japanese system but does not use a concentrating device, and directly install a tapered light guiding device on its light energy utilizing device (usually a photovoltaic panel). , able to effectively increase power generation and power generation without significantly increasing the cost and land area

Example 4

Another embodiment of the light energy receiving device according to the present invention can be referred to FIG. 4, including a tapered light guiding device 4 10, a light energy utilizing device 420, a thermal energy consumer 450, and a thermoelectric converter 460.

[0059] The tapered light guiding device 410 in this embodiment adopts a closed structure similar to that in Embodiment 1, but there are two differences. First, the top transparent cover 413 adopts a Fresnel condenser lens; Second, the cavity of the tapered light guiding device is further filled with an optical gas 4103. The so-called optical gas is a gas with a refractive index greater than 1, such as acetone , methanol, alcohol, freon, etc., or a mixture of a gas having a refractive index greater than 1 and other gases. A detailed description of the Fresnel lens can be found in the PCT application entitled "Fresnel Lens System", published on June 2, 2016, International Publication No. WO/2016/082097, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein.

[0060] The light energy utilizing device 420 has a conical light receiving surface, and can be specifically made of a flexible photovoltaic film. A thermoelectric converter 460 is disposed within the tapered cavity formed by the photovoltaic film, and the optical energy utilizing device 420 is thermally coupled to the thermal energy consumer 450 through the thermoelectric converter. In this embodiment, a thermoelectric converter and a thermal energy multiplexer connected to the light energy utilizing device are further disposed on the basis of the apparatus of the first embodiment to realize more full utilization of solar energy.

[0061] The thermal energy consumer 450 is disposed below the light energy utilization device and the thermoelectric converter. In this embodiment, the thermal energy device is a container for heating the working medium, which can not only utilize the heat generated by the photovoltaic device, but also cool the photovoltaic device. Depending on the temperature requirements of the photovoltaic device, the working fluid in the container may be selected, for example, from water, alcohol, diethyl ether, freon, or mixtures thereof. Depending on the configuration, the container can be used to implement different functions. For example, the container can be used for seawater desalination, seawater acting as a working medium can be replenished into the container through the pipe 451, and the vaporized fresh water vapor can be discharged through the pipe 452. As another example, the container may also be a simple hot water container, and cold water acting as a working medium may be replenished into the container through the pipe 451, and the heated hot water may be discharged through the pipe 452. As another example, the vessel can also function as a vaporization tank for a steam power generation system that is connected to an external turbine generator and compressor (not shown) through a closed loop through conduits 451 and 452, using steamed steam to generate electricity. . In other embodiments, the thermal energy generator can also be a Stirling thermal generator.

[0062] A thermoelectric converter 460 is disposed on the thermal energy path between the photovoltaic device 420 and the thermal energy consumer 450 for generating electricity using a temperature difference between the photovoltaic device and the thermal energy consumer. In the present embodiment, the thermoelectric converter preferably employs a high efficiency semiconductor thermoelectric diode device. In other embodiments, the thermoelectric converter can also be omitted to directly connect the photovoltaic device to the thermal energy consumer via a thermally conductive material.

[0063] This embodiment can have a larger concentration ratio and light than the first embodiment by superimposing the optical effects of the top Fresnel lens, the optical gas in the tapered light guiding device, and the astigmatism mirror. Can receive angles. Further, in comparison with Embodiment 2, the tapered light energy in the present embodiment is further provided with a thermoelectric converter in the device, and solar energy can be utilized more efficiently.

Example 5 [0065] Another embodiment of the light energy receiving device according to the present invention may refer to FIG. 5, including a plurality of tapered light guiding devices 510, corresponding tapered light energy utilizing devices 520, thermal energy consumers 550, and thermoelectric converters. 560 and concentrating device 570.

[0066] One of the differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 4 is that a plurality of tapered light guiding devices are used in combination, and the light energy utilizing device 520 is correspondingly disposed at the smaller end of each of the tapered light guiding devices. And the taper end of the light receiving surface faces the larger end of the light guiding device (shown by a broken line in the figure), and the thermal energy utilizer 550 and the thermoelectric converter 560 are shared by the plurality of light energy utilizing devices. Similar to the embodiment 4, the thermal energy consumer 550 can also communicate with external devices through the pipes 551 and 552.

Further, unlike the foregoing embodiment, the present embodiment is further provided with a light collecting means on the optical path before the tapered light guiding device. The concentrating device used in the present invention may preferably employ a Fresnel lens. For example, a simple Fresnel lens containing only one Fresnel unit or a composite Fresnel lens composed of a plurality of Fresnel elements. The Fresnel lens used may be transmissive or a reflective Fresnel lens having a reflecting surface. Specifically, a reflective Fresnel lens is used in this embodiment to converge the incident light SS and reflect it to the larger end of the tapered light guiding device.

Example 6

[0069] Another embodiment of the light energy receiving device according to the present invention can refer to FIG. 6, including a tapered light guiding device 6

10 and light energy utilizing device 620.

[0070] The tapered light guiding device in this embodiment adopts a pair of astigmatism mirrors 6101 and 6101' in the north-south direction, and may be empty in the east-west direction or adopt other types of mirrors. The light energy utilization device 620 uses a planar photovoltaic panel. The two astigmatism mirrors in this embodiment belong to different types and are arranged face to face in an asymmetrical manner.

[0071] The astigmatism mirror 6101 is a non-uniform refractive index reflective lens comprising a reflective layer FF and three transparent materials having a refractive index respectively γ1, γ2, and γ3 disposed on the reflective layer, and _γ 1<Γ2<γ3. This structure allows light rays that are reflected by ordinary mirrors to exit the light guiding device to converge to the photovoltaic panel at the bottom of the light guiding device. The term "light incident at a small incident angle" refers to light having a small angle between the incident direction and the normal of the reflective surface at the incident (for a tapered light guiding device, this usually corresponds to a larger direction in which the sunlight deviates from the midday 吋. The deflector of the present embodiment, although having a non-circumferentially symmetrical shape, can also approximately take the normal at the center of the photovoltaic panel as its central axis. [0072] The astigmatism mirror 610 is a non-uniform thickness reflective lens including a reflective layer FF and a transparent material having a non-uniform thickness of refractive index γ disposed on the reflective layer. It acts like a convex surface (for example, a rotationally symmetric convex surface, an axisymmetric convex surface (ie, cylindrical surface)) mirror.

[0073] For the sake of simplicity in the present embodiment, two different types of astigmatism mirrors are oppositely disposed in the same direction. In actual use, since the angular deflection of the sunlight in the north-south direction (seasonally) is greatly different from the angular deflection in the east-west direction (daily), the tapered light guiding device is reflective in both directions. The requirements for the faces can be different so that different types of astigmatism mirrors can be used in different directions.

Example 7

[0075] Another embodiment of the light energy receiving device according to the present invention can be referred to FIG. 7, wherein (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a cross-sectional view in a north-south direction. The device includes a tapered light guiding device 710 and a light energy utilizing device 720.

[0076] The tapered light guiding device in this embodiment is divided into four parts from east to west and north, and a concave reflective Fresnel lens 7101 is used in the north (the focus of the Fresnel unit included is on one axis), An upright plane mirror 7101' is used in the south, and a louver-type double-sided mirror 7102 is provided in the east and west. The light energy utilization device 720 uses a planar photovoltaic panel. The tapered light guiding device in this embodiment adopts different types of reflecting surfaces not only in the east-west direction and the north-south direction, but also different types and structurally asymmetric reflecting surfaces on the south and north sides, respectively.

[0077] In this embodiment, only the astigmatic mirror (concave-reflective Fresnel lens) is used in the north, and the astigmatism mirror is used in both the north and the south, and the concentrating ratio can be made. Bigger. With this design, the angle Φ between the south and north faces in Figure 7 can be designed to be greater than the north-south seasonal deflection angle of the sun (46 degrees;).

In other embodiments, a Fresnel condenser lens (not shown) may be further disposed over the tapered light guiding device 710 to obtain a larger concentration ratio.

[0079] [0079]

The present invention has been described with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention. It is understood that the above embodiments are only used to help the understanding of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Variations to the above-described embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the concept of the invention. technical problem The solution to the problem is the beneficial effect of the invention

Claims

Claim

[Attach 1] A light energy receiving device, comprising:

a conical light guiding device having a larger opening at one end and a smaller opening at the other end, and having a reflective surface inside, the reflective surface being at least partially formed by an astigmatism mirror selected from the group consisting of: a convex mirror , a concave reflective Fresnel lens, a non-uniform thickness reflective lens, a non-uniform refractive index reflective lens;

a light energy utilizing device disposed at a smaller end of the tapered light guiding device, the light receiving surface facing the larger end of the tapered light guiding device for energizing the received light energy Conversion or utilization.

[Claim 2] The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of at least one of the tapered light guiding devices having the following characteristics is selected from the group consisting of: a circle, an ellipse, a polygon; The central axis of the light-receiving surface of the device can be aligned or parallel with the central axis of the tapered light guiding device;

The angle of the normal of the reflective surface of the tapered light guiding device at each point of continuous curvature is greater than 45 degrees and less than 90 degrees from the central axis of the light receiving surface of the light energy consuming device.

[Claim 3] The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein

The number of the astigmatism mirrors is an even number, each pair of astigmatism mirrors are of the same or different type, and are disposed face to face in a symmetrical or asymmetrical manner, and the face-to-face arrangement is set along the east-west direction or along the north-south direction. .

[Claim 4] The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein

The tapered light guiding device is internally provided with a pair of astigmatism mirrors in one of the east, west, and north directions.

, the other in the east, west, and north directions is empty, or is provided with a plane mirror, or a double-sided mirror with a louvered window.

[Claim 5] The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that

The light energy utilizing the light-receiving surface of the device is a plane, or is a tapered or strip-shaped or frustum-shaped

And the smaller one end faces the direction in which the optical path is incident.

[Claim 6] The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a light source tracking mechanism, the tapered light guiding device and the light energy utilizing device are mounted on the light source tracking mechanism, wherein the light source tracking mechanism is configured to rotate in accordance with the movement of the light source, so that the light from the light source and the tapered light guide The center axis of the device has the smallest angle.

[Claim 7] The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein

a gap between a smaller end of the tapered light guiding device and an edge of the light energy utilizing device; or

The larger end of the tapered light guiding device is closed by a planar light transmissive material or a Fresnel lens, and the inner surface of the tapered light guiding device and the light energy surface of the device are enclosed by a light receiving surface of the device. The enclosed space is evacuated or contains air or contains an inert gas or contains a gas having a refractive index greater than one.

[Claim 8] The device according to claim 7, further comprising

a vibrator comprising a vibrating element and a drive circuit thereof,

The vibrating element operates in a resonant mode, the vibrating element being mechanically coupled to at least one of the light receiving surfaces of the device to cause it to vibrate,

The drive circuit includes at least one inductive component and at least one capacitive component in series, the circuit resonant frequency of the drive circuit matching the mechanical resonant frequency of the vibrating component.

[Claim 9] The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein

The vibrator is a piezoelectric vibrator, and the vibrating element is a piezoelectric element that functions as a capacitive element in the driving circuit; or

The vibrator is an electromagnetic vibrator, the vibrating element is a sheet-shaped magnetized material, and the driving circuit excites the vibrating element to generate vibration by an inductive element.

[Claim 10] The apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, wherein

The inductive component or capacitive component is a parameter adjustable component.

[Claim 11] The apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 10, further comprising at least one of the following configurations:

a control circuit, configured to perform a cleaning operation according to an external command or according to an external command or under a set condition, wherein the setting condition is selected from the group consisting of: a set meteorological condition, a situation of excessive power generation, at least one being The degree of cleanliness of the light-receiving surface of the vibration of the vibrator; a water spray pipe for spraying water to at least one light-receiving surface vibrated by the vibrator, the water spray pipe working in the same manner as the vibrator;

a dust suction pipe for sucking at least one foreign matter on the light receiving surface vibrated by the vibrator, the dust suction pipe working in the same manner as the vibrator;

An electric brush for brushing at least one of the light receiving surfaces of the device.

[Claim 12] The device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein an optical path before the tapered light guiding device is further provided

a concentrating device selected from the group consisting of: a transmissive Fresnel lens, a reflective Fresnel

[Claim 13] The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising

A thermal energy consumer is disposed on the back side of the light energy utilizing device and thermally coupled to the light energy utilizing device, the thermal energy utility being selected from the group consisting of: a container for heating a working medium, a Stirling thermal generator.

[Claim 14] The apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising

A thermoelectric converter is disposed on the thermal energy path between the light energy utilizing device and the thermal energy source for generating electricity by utilizing a temperature difference between the light energy utilizing device and the thermal energy consumer.

[Claim 15] The apparatus according to claim 13 or 14, wherein

Included are two or more tapered light guiding devices and corresponding light energy utilizing devices shared by at least two light energy utilizing devices.