WO2018050363A1 - Capteur capacitif sans contact, procédé de détection de l'approche d'une partie d'un corps humain ou animal, et dispositif pourvu d'un capteur - Google Patents

Capteur capacitif sans contact, procédé de détection de l'approche d'une partie d'un corps humain ou animal, et dispositif pourvu d'un capteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018050363A1
WO2018050363A1 PCT/EP2017/070034 EP2017070034W WO2018050363A1 WO 2018050363 A1 WO2018050363 A1 WO 2018050363A1 EP 2017070034 W EP2017070034 W EP 2017070034W WO 2018050363 A1 WO2018050363 A1 WO 2018050363A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
sensor
sensor surface
water film
body part
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/070034
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Wiest
Markus Werner
Manuel Kelsch
Original Assignee
Mayser Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mayser Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Mayser Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2018050363A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018050363A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/945—Proximity switches
    • H03K17/955—Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2017/9602—Touch switches characterised by the type or shape of the sensing electrodes
    • H03K2017/9604—Touch switches characterised by the type or shape of the sensing electrodes characterised by the number of electrodes
    • H03K2017/9613—Touch switches characterised by the type or shape of the sensing electrodes characterised by the number of electrodes using two electrodes per touch switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K2217/960705—Safety of capacitive touch and proximity switches, e.g. increasing reliability, fail-safe
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K2217/960735—Capacitive touch switches characterised by circuit details
    • H03K2217/96075—Capacitive touch switches characterised by circuit details involving bridge circuit

Definitions

  • Non-contact capacitive sensor method for detecting the approach of a human or animal body part and arrangement with a sensor
  • the invention relates to a non-contact capacitive sensor, a method for detecting the approach of a human or animal body part, and an arrangement with a sensor.
  • German Laid-Open Application DE 10 2013 013 204 A1 and German Laid-Open Application DE 10 2013 013 203 A1 already disclose non-contact capacitive sensors for detecting the approach of a human or animal body part, in which a first and a second electrode are provided Electrode surrounds the first electrode and wherein between the two electrodes, an electrically non-conductive intermediate region is provided. The two electrodes and the intermediate area together form a sensor surface or are arranged below the sensor surface. Evaluation electronics are designed in such a way that the first electrode is connected to the evaluation unit with high resistance, which means that a signal emitted by the first electrode experiences a change, for example, in the approach of a human or animal body part.
  • the second electrode which surrounds the first electrode in an annular manner, has a low-resistance connection to the evaluation unit.
  • a signal emitted by this second electrode thus shows virtually no change in the approach of a human or animal body part. Without object approximation, the two signals emitted by the first electrode and by the second electrode are nearly equal. In the case of an object approximation, a change of the signal of the first electrode then takes place, which can be detected by means of the evaluation unit.
  • a non-contact capacitive sensor and a method for detecting the approach of a human or animal body part with a capacitive non-contact sensor with respect to a functional reliability in the occurrence of a water film on the sensor surface to be improved.
  • the sensor according to the invention is designed as a contactless capacitive sensor for detecting the approach of a human or animal body part and has a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the second electrode surrounds the first electrode and wherein an electrically non-conductive intermediate region is provided between the two electrodes.
  • the first electrode, the intermediate region and the second electrode together form a sensor surface or are arranged below the sensor surface.
  • a control and evaluation which supplies the second electrode with a stable, in particular a substantially rigid AC voltage and the first electrode with a variable by approaching a body part AC voltage. This can be achieved by connecting the first electrode to the control and evaluation electronics with high resistance and connecting the second electrode to the control and evaluation electronics with low resistance.
  • the control and evaluation generates an AC signal, which is then applied to the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • means are provided for interrupting a water film on the sensor surface, wherein the means are arranged on the sensor surface in the region of the second electrode. The voltages at the first electrode and at the second electrode are substantially equal without the presence of a body part to be detected.
  • the invention is based on the finding that in the practical use of non-contact capacitive sensors, a water film on the sensor surface is undesirable because it falsifies the measurement signals at least, that such a water film can not be avoided under all circumstances, however.
  • a contactless capacitive sensor is improved in a very simple manner by providing only means for interrupting a water film.
  • the arrangement of such means for interrupting a water film on the sensor surface in the region of the second electrode is quite sufficient to ensure a reliable response of the sensor even in the presence of a water film.
  • the sensor according to the invention operates without contact.
  • a particular advantage of the sensor according to the invention is that it reliably triggers a signal in the same way even when a human or animal body part touches the sensor surface.
  • the sensor according to the invention is suitable, for example, in a special way for trigger sensors on pedestrian traffic lights. Especially with sensors for pedestrian lights, the formation of a water film on the sensor surface can not be avoided in the rule, since the sensors are located outside in the open.
  • the interruption of the water film in the region of the second electrode is sufficient in accordance with the invention to ensure reliable triggering even in the case of heavy rainfall and, consequently, in the presence of a water film on the sensor surface.
  • the release is already achieved without contact, ie when a human hand is at a low height of, for example, 1 to 2 cm above the sensor surface.
  • the triggering also takes place when the human hand touches the sensor surface.
  • the sensor according to the invention can be used, for example, at parking machines, public toilets, traffic lights, request buttons on buses and trains and the like.
  • the means have at least one strip-like projection which projects in a direction perpendicular to the sensor surface over the sensor surface.
  • Such a strip-like projection forms a tear-off edge for a water film which is present on the sensor surface.
  • the water film can then be interrupted in the region of the second electrode.
  • the means form a ring which surrounds the first electrode.
  • a ring is then arranged on the sensor surface in the region of the second electrode.
  • a first portion of a water film may then cover the sensor surface outside the ring forming means, and the second portion of the water film may cover the sensor surface within the ring forming means.
  • the sensor surface is curved and / or angled.
  • the sensor surface may extend from the front of a box-shaped keypad of a pedestrian traffic light to the side surfaces of the box-shaped keypad.
  • the sensor surface in the region of the first electrode is substantially flat or slightly curved.
  • the first electrode has a smaller surface area than the second electrode, and with regard to the uniqueness of the operation, it makes sense to design the sensor surface in the region of the first electrode essentially flat or slightly curved.
  • the means for interrupting a water film on the sensor surface on a disc or plate which is arranged on the sensor surface. Also, by means of a disc or plate, which is designed in particular transparent, the water film can be effectively interrupted.
  • the disc or plate completely covers the first electrode.
  • the disc or plate completely covers the first electrode and extends into the region of the second electrode which surrounds the first electrode.
  • the first electrode and the second electrode form two mutually substantially parallel sensor surfaces on the front or back of the first and second electrodes or the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged between two mutually substantially parallel sensor surfaces.
  • the senor according to the invention can be operated from two sides.
  • the sensor can be installed in a partition wall and from both sides of the partition can be generated when approaching a human or animal body part signal.
  • the sensor can then be actuated once from the inside and once from the outside.
  • control and evaluation electronics are designed to differentiate between an approach from the side of the first sensor surface and an approach from the side of the second sensor surface.
  • different signals can be output depending on the direction of approach. For example, a distinction can be made between an approach from an outer side of the door or an inner side of the door, and as a result different control signals can then be generated. For example, it can be determined that a door can always be opened from the inside, but only at certain times of the day from the outside. In a vehicle door different operating conditions can be distinguished, to which the door should be open from the inside and / or outside.
  • a method for detecting the approach of a human or animal body part with a capacitive non-contact sensor according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the steps of applying a substantially rigid voltage to the first electrode, applying one through the Approximation of a body part of variable voltage to the second electrode and, when a water film occurs on the sensor surface, the interruption of the water film in the region of the second electrode are provided.
  • the water film is interrupted in such a way that, in the presence of a water film, a first portion of the water film covers only the sensor surface in the region of the first part of the second electrode and that a second portion of the water film at most the sensor surface in the region of a second Part of the second electrode and covered in the region of the first electrode.
  • the functionality of the sensor according to the invention is ensured even when covered with a water film, that the water film is interrupted in the region of the second electrode, so that a second portion of the water film can cover both the second part of the second electrode and the complete first electrode and yet a reliable triggering when approaching a body part is ensured.
  • the interruption of the water film causes an interruption of an electrical connection to ground out.
  • the water film on the second part of the second electrode and the first electrode is thereby separated from the electrical ground, so that in spite of the water film still the approach of a body part can be detected.
  • the second part of the second electrode forms a smaller section of the sensor surface than the first electrode.
  • Such a dimensioning of the second part of the second electrode can ensure that the signal emitted by the first electrode is still changed when approaching a body part.
  • the sensor of the invention triggers when approaching a body part without the presence of a water film at a distance of the body part of the sensor surface of about 2 cm, in the presence of a water film, however, a signal is triggered only at a distance of about 1 cm in front of the sensor surface.
  • the first part of the second electrode forms a larger portion of the sensor surface than the second part of the second electrode.
  • this portion of the water film is at substantially the same potential as the signal emitted by the second electrode.
  • the water film on the first part of the second electrode does not occupy the reference potential, that is to say, for example, 0 V.
  • the reliable triggering of a signal can be ensured by the sensor according to the invention when approaching a body part.
  • the senor When the area ratio of the second part of the second electrode is made larger than the area ratio of the first electrode, the sensor is less sensitive to the presence of a water film, but its range in detecting a body part decreases. Conversely, when the area ratio of the second part of the second electrode is small to the area ratio of the first electrode, the sensor becomes sensitive to the presence of a water film, but its range in detecting a body part increases.
  • the problem underlying the invention is also solved by an arrangement with at least one non-contact capacitive sensor according to the invention, wherein the arrangement has a partition or partition, in particular a blade of a power-operated door, wherein the at least one sensor rests against an inside of the partition or partition such that a sensor surface is formed by the outside of the partition or partition.
  • the senor according to the invention can be arranged protected on the inside of a cutting disc, for example the disc of a door, or a partition wall.
  • the means for interrupting a water film are then arranged on the outside of the partition or partition, which forms the sensor surface yes.
  • no hole in the blade or partition wall is necessary for the arrangement of the sensor and the blade or partition can be performed in this way robust against vandalism and, for example, completely trouble-free waterproof.
  • the first electrode and the second electrode form a second sensor surface next to the first sensor surface, or the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged behind the second sensor surface, the second sensor surface being arranged parallel to and opposite to the outside of the separator disk or the partition wall which forms the first sensor surface.
  • a sensor operable from two sides can be provided on both sensor surfaces then means for interrupting a water film are arranged.
  • the arrangement according to the invention can be used in a particularly advantageous manner for the actuation of power-operated doors. The door can then be actuated both from its outside and from the inside, without having to provide a hole for the arrangement of the sensor in the door itself. Rather, the sensor according to the invention can be glued at an arbitrary position on the partition or partition of the door.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of a sensor according to the invention according to a first
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the sensor of Fig. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an evaluation unit with the sensor according to the invention of Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of the sensor of Fig. 1 in the presence of a
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic front view of a sensor according to the invention according to a further embodiment
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a sensor according to the invention according to a further embodiment
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic front view of a sensor according to the invention according to a further embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is a front view of a sensor according to the invention according to another
  • 1 1 is a schematic front view of a sensor according to the invention according to another embodiment
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view of a sensor according to the invention according to another
  • Fig. 13 is a plan view of a sensor according to the invention according to another
  • FIG. 14 is a side view of the sensor of FIG. 13 and
  • FIG. 15 shows an inventive arrangement with the sensor of FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 in a schematic side view.
  • the schematic representation of Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a sensor 10 according to the invention according to a first embodiment.
  • the sensor 10 has a first electrode 12 which has a rectangular shape.
  • a second electrode 14 is provided, which is arranged in the same plane as the first electrode 12 and surrounds the first electrode 12.
  • the second electrode 14 has a rectangular recess which is slightly larger than the area of the first electrode 12 and within which the first electrode 12 is arranged.
  • a non-conductive intermediate region 16 is thus arranged.
  • the first electrode 12 is thus surrounded by the non-conductive intermediate region 16.
  • the non-conducting intermediate region 16 is followed by the second electrode 14.
  • a ring 18 is provided, which protrudes beyond a sensor surface, as can be seen in Fig. 2 then.
  • the ring 18 is formed by a strip-like projection.
  • the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are arranged below a sensor surface 20. Perpendicular to Sensor surface 20, the ring 18 protrudes beyond the sensor surface 20. Between the two electrodes 12, 14 and the sensor surface 20, an electrically non-conductive layer 22 is arranged.
  • the ring 18 is also made of electrically non-conductive material, such as plastic.
  • the ring 18 forms an exemplary means for breaking a water film on the sensor surface.
  • a water film is formed on the sensor surface 20, for example by the sensor 10 being exposed to rain, the ring 18 interrupts the water film such that a first portion of the water film covers the sensor surface 20 only in the region of a first portion of the second electrode 14 , This first part of the second electrode 14 is located in the radial direction outside the ring 18.
  • a second portion of the water film then lies within the ring 18.
  • the second portion of the water film then covers at most the sensor surface 20 in the region of a second part of the second electrode 14, wherein this second part of the second electrode is located within the ring 18 and in the region of the first electrode 12.
  • the ring 18 is prevented by forming a continuous water film on the sensor surface 20, which then forms a short circuit to the reference potential or ground potential. If the water film extends inside the ring 18, that is to say at the maximum over the first electrode 12 and a second part of the second electrode 14, the potential of the first electrode 12 is merely stabilized, but its potential is not dissipated toward the ground. As can be seen with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the means for interrupting the water film in the form of the ring 18 in the region of the second electrode 14 are arranged.
  • the ring 18 is arranged such that the first part of the second electrode 14, ie the part of the second electrode which lies radially outside of the ring 18, forms a larger portion of the sensor surface than the second part of the second electrode 14, ie the part the electrode 14, which lies within the ring 18.
  • These proportions of the first part of the second electrode 14 outside the ring 18 and the second part of the second electrode 14 within the ring 18 can be seen better in Fig. 1 than in Fig. 2.
  • the water sensitivity of the sensor 10 can be influenced. If the second part of the second electrode 14, which lies within the ring 18, is increased, the sensitivity to water is reduced.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic cross-sectional view and it can be seen that the strip-shaped projection forming the ring 18 has a cross-sectional shape having a concave surface on the outside of the ring 18.
  • This concave surface is intended to reliably interrupt the water film and then also promote the drainage of the water film, so that the water film is not higher than the ring 18.
  • the concave surface can improve the interruption of the water film, but is not essential. Even a simple edge can be sufficient for interruption.
  • a curved surface of the strip-shaped projection is provided on the inside of the ring. It can also be seen that the strip-shaped projection of the ring 18 in the plane of the sensor surface 20 is about as wide as it is high. This is also to ensure that the ring 18 can safely interrupt a water film. Seen from the inside of the ring, the strip-shaped projection rises in an S-curve up to the highest point of the ring. This shaping is intended to ensure that the water film within the ring 18 flows away to the interior of the ring. It is always essential that the ring 18 ensures a reliable interruption of the water film. Also for this reason, the rising inner surface of the ring 18 merges into the concave outer surface of the ring 18 in the region of a circumferential, sharp edge.
  • This sharp edge is to form a tear-off, which then just the water film on the sensor surface 20 reliably divides into two parts, namely once outside the ring 18 and once within the ring 18.
  • the obliquely rising inner surface of the ring 18 is also achieved that the strip-shaped extension, which forms the ring 18, itself is not covered by the water film, as this will usually flow to the interior of the ring out.
  • a similar effect of the ring 18 can also be achieved with a cross-sectional shape of the strip-shaped projection shown in FIG 4 is shown. In this embodiment, the strip-shaped projection on both its inside and on its outside on a concave curved surface.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an evaluation unit for the sensor 10.
  • the evaluation unit is supplied with an AC signal at a point PO.
  • the alternating voltage signal is fed into a first voltage divider with the impedances Z1 and Z2, wherein Z1 is connected to PO, Z1 to Z2 and Z2 to a reference potential, for example 0V.
  • the AC voltage is also a second voltage divider with the Impedances Z3 and Z4 supplied, wherein Z3 with PO, Z3 with Z4 and Z4 is connected to the reference potential.
  • the two voltage divider Z1, Z2 and Z3, Z4 thus form a bridge circuit.
  • the first electrode 12 is connected to a first bridge point P1, which is connected to the impedances Z3 and Z4.
  • the second electrode 14 is connected to a bridge point P2, which is connected to Z1 and Z2.
  • the impedances are dimensioned such that the sum of the impedances Z1 and Z2 is smaller than the sum of the impedances Z3 and Z4. So Z1 + Z2 ⁇ Z3 + Z4.
  • the bridge point P2 and therefore the second electrode 14 are thus connected to the power supply at the point PO with low resistance, and the bridge point P1 and the first electrode 12 are connected to the power supply at the point PO with high resistance.
  • the second electrode 14 is subjected to a substantially rigid voltage, corresponding to a transmission signal which is not or only insignificantly changed when a body part approaches.
  • the first electrode 12 is subjected to a voltage corresponding to a transmission signal, which can be changed by approaching a body part.
  • signals applied to the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are either equal to or in fixed relation to each other.
  • the evaluation unit has an operational amplifier 24, wherein an input of the operational amplifier 24 is connected to the bridge point P1 and another input of the operational amplifier 24 is connected to the second bridge point P2.
  • the representation of the operational amplifier 24 is merely symbolic and should clarify that a difference between the voltage at the first electrode 12 and the voltage at the second electrode 14 is evaluated to evaluate the signal of the sensor 10.
  • the difference between the AC signals at the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 is either zero or has a constant value near zero. If a body part is approached to the sensor 10, the signal at the second electrode 14 does not change its value or only insignificantly. Due to the low-resistance connection by the voltage divider Z1, Z2, the capacitance between the second electrode 14 and the body part and the capacitance between the body part and the reference potential has no or only a negligible influence on the signal applied to the second electrode 14.
  • the signal applied to the first electrode 12 changes, since the capacitance at between the first electrode 12 and the body part and between the body part and the reference potential influence the signal at the first electrode 12 by the high-resistance connection via the voltage divider Z3, Z4.
  • this results in a difference or a deviation between the voltages at the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 compared to the state without an approximated body part, which can be evaluated by the evaluation unit, exemplified by the operational amplifier 24.
  • the ring 18 now prevents a continuous water film from forming on the sensor surface 20.
  • the capacitance between the electrodes 12, 14 and the continuous water film would not only set a constant potential seen over the sensor surface 20, but this potential would be limited by a short circuit of the water film to ground also be drawn to the ground potential. This inevitably because the water film is electrically conductive and thus would take over the entire sensor surface 20 substantially the same electrical potential. Also, a capacitance would mass that would equal the effect of detection and prevent the detection of a body part. As a result, however, when a body part approaches between the signal at the first electrode 12 and at the second electrode 14, no difference or deviation could be detected, so that the sensor 10 would no longer be functional.
  • the water film is interrupted by the ring 18, then a first portion of the water film radially outside the ring 18 assumes a potential between 0V and the potential of the second electrode 14. A second portion of the water film lies radially inside the ring 18 and then, when no body part is approximated, assumes the potential of the first electrode 12. The second portion of the water film within the ring 18 also forms a capacitance to the second electrode 14. The influence of the second portion of the water film within the ring 18 through the second electrode 14 provides for a stabilization of the signal at the first electrode 12.
  • the sensitivity of the sensor 10 is thereby reduced as the body part approaches to the condition without the water film, when approaching Body part, the voltage measured at the first electrode 12 but still change from the voltage measured at the second electrode 14.
  • the water film has no direct contact with the electrodes 12, 14, see Fig. 4. Rather, the water film is separated by an insulation below the sensor surface 20 of the electrodes 12, 14. However, the formation of capacitances between the water film and the electrodes 12, 14 or the reference potential leads to an influence of the potentials on the electrodes 12, 14 by the water film. If, as shown schematically again in FIG.
  • the ring 18 or the means for interrupting the water film is arranged in the region of the second electrode, then the influencing of the second section of the water film, to the right of the ring 18 in FIG , and the first portion of the water film, which each forms a capacitance to ground, in Fig. 4 left of the ring 18, not so large by the capacitance C3, as would thereby the sensitivity of the sensor 10 would be reduced too much.
  • a capacitance C2 is formed between the second electrode 14 and the first portion 26 of the water film. The potential of the first portion 26 of the water film is pulled against the ground potential. Between the first portion of the water film 18 and the second electrode 14, a capacitance C4 is formed.
  • a capacitance C6 is formed between the first electrode 12 and the second portion 28 of the water film. 4 shows the case that the water film is interrupted not only by the ring 18, but that the water film is interrupted in the region of its second portion 22. This is represented by a capacitance C5.
  • the first portion 26 of the water film with the reference potential forms a capacitance C1, which pulls the potential of the first portion 26 against the reference potential or ground potential.
  • the capacitance C3 and the capacitance C4 as well as the capacitance C6 are now dimensioned so that in the presence of a water film on the sensor surface 20, the sensitivity of the sensor 10 is indeed reduced, as approaching a body part to the first electrode 12 but still a difference between the signals at the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14, which can then be evaluated, see also Fig. 3.
  • the ring 18 in other words the means for Interruption of the water film, in the region of the second electrode 14 and not in the region of the non-conductive intermediate region between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are arranged.
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically a plan view of a sensor 30 according to the invention in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the sensor 30 has a rectangular first electrode 32 and a second electrode 34, which surrounds the first electrode 32 in an annular manner.
  • the second electrode 34 is provided with a rectangular recess 36, which is slightly larger than the first electrode 32 and within which the first electrode 32 is arranged.
  • the reference numeral 40 designates electronic components which in the plan view of FIG. 5 are not recognizable per se and which are therefore shown in dashed lines. Because the electronic components 40 are arranged below a rigid circuit carrier 42, the contours of which are indicated in Fig. 5. On the rigid circuit substrate 42, the electronic components 40 are arranged.
  • a non-rigid region of the second electrode 34 adjoins the rigid circuit carrier 42 in the radial direction to the outside. This non-rigid region lies outside the dashed lines indicated line 44.
  • the second electrode 34 can be bent.
  • the second electrode 34 is arranged in this area on a flexible printed circuit board.
  • a present at the dashed line 44 after bending existing edge thereby also means for interrupting a water film.
  • the edge, which then runs along the dashed line 44 would ensure that a water film would be interrupted at this then circumferential edge.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a sensor 50 according to the invention.
  • the sensor 50 has a first electrode 52 shown in dashed lines and a second electrode 54 likewise shown in dashed lines, the first electrode 52 being planar and the second electrode 54 not only a front of a cuboid base body 56, but also covers its side surfaces.
  • the second electrode 54 is arranged at least in sections on a flexible printed circuit board.
  • the second electrode 54 surrounds the first electrode 52 on four sides, the side surface of the parallelepiped base body 56 arranged on the left in FIG. 6, on which likewise a section of the second electrode 54 is arranged, not being visible in FIG.
  • a tear-off edge 58 In the region of the second electrode 54, means for interrupting a water film in the form of a tear-off edge 58 are arranged on the sensor surface, namely in the area of the front surface of the cuboid base body 56.
  • the tear-off edge 58 has the shape of a groove, which slopes down to the right in FIG.
  • rain which impacts the cuboid base body 56 can thus be diverted to the right, so that at the same time the emergence of a continuous water film on the front side of the cuboid base body 56 is prevented.
  • the tear-off edge 58 merges into a parallelepiped-shaped spacer 60, which extends over the entire area of the first electrode 52.
  • the spacer body 60 is provided with a hand symbol 62. This should indicate to a user that he should touch the cuboid main body 56 in the region of the hand symbol 62 or, in any case, arrange his hand at a distance from the cuboid base body 56 in the region of the hand symbol 62. Below the hand symbol 62 the first electrode 52 is arranged, so that the approach of a hand then also triggers a sensor signal.
  • the reference numeral 64 only portions of a water film on the front of the spacer body 60 are indicated.
  • the tear-off edge 58 and then also the lower edge of the spacer body 60 prevent the formation of a continuous water film on the sensor surface, in the illustrated embodiment through the front surface of the spacer body 60 and the upper and lower portions of the front surface the cuboid base body 56 and its side surfaces and its top and bottom is formed.
  • FIGS. 7 to 11 schematically show various embodiments of a sensor according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic plan view of a sensor 70 according to the invention.
  • the sensor has a first electrode 72, which is surrounded by a second electrode 74 in the form of a ring.
  • Means for interrupting a water film are realized by a ring 76 which has a parallelogram-shaped outline and which is arranged in the region of the second electrode 74.
  • FIG. 8 shows, in a schematic plan view, a further sensor 80 according to the invention with a first electrode 82 and a second electrode 84 which annularly surrounds the first electrode 82.
  • Means for interrupting a water film are realized in the form of a strip-shaped projection 86, which simulates the contours of a human hand.
  • the strip-shaped projection 86 is arranged in the region of the second electrode 84.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further sensor 90 according to the invention with a first electrode 92 and a second electrode 94, which annularly surrounds the first electrode 92.
  • Means for interrupting a water film are realized in the form of a strip-shaped projection 96, which has the shape of an ogive and which is arranged in the region of the second electrode 94. It will be appreciated that water impinging on the sensor surface is drained laterally by the arcuate projection 96. The projection 96 thereby prevents the formation of a continuous water film on the sensor surface.
  • FIG. 10 shows, in a schematic plan view, a sensor 100 according to the invention with a first electrode 102 and a second electrode 104, which surrounds the first electrode 102 in an annular manner.
  • Means for interrupting a water film are realized in the form of a U-shaped arc 106 which is arranged in the region of the second electrode 104. On the sensor surface impinging water is discharged laterally through the projection 106, so that the formation of a continuous water film on the sensor surface is prevented.
  • Fig. 1 1 shows a schematic plan view of a sensor according to the invention 1 10 having a first electrode 1 12 and a second electrode 1 14, which surrounds the first electrode 1 12 annular.
  • Means for interrupting a water film are realized in the form of a strip-shaped projection 1 16, which is arranged in the region of the second electrode 1 14 and which has the shape of a Us with a rectilinear base and two rectilinear legs.
  • FIG. 12 shows a plan view of a sensor 120 according to the invention in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the sensor 120 has a circular disk-shaped first electrode 122 and a second electrode 124 in the form of a circular ring which surrounds the first electrode 122. Between the two electrodes 122, 124, a non-conductive intermediate region 126 is provided.
  • Means for interrupting a water film on the sensor surface are provided by means of a ring 128 on the sensor surface, wherein the ring 128 is formed equal to the ring 18 of Figs. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 13 shows a further embodiment of a sensor 130 according to the invention.
  • the sensor 130 has the circular-disk-shaped first electrode 122 and the second electrode 124 in the form of a circular ring, which have already been explained with reference to the embodiment of FIG.
  • the means for interrupting a water film are provided in the form of a circular disk 138, which is placed on the sensor surface.
  • the disk 138 is transparent so that the first electrode and a portion of the second electrode 124 can be seen through the disk 138.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic side sectional view of the sensor 130 of FIG. 13.
  • the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 124 can be seen.
  • the two electrodes 122, 124 are embedded in an electrically nonconductive layer 132, as shown in FIG overhead surface forms a first sensor surface 20.
  • the opposite underside of the layer 132 forms a second sensor surface 140.
  • the two sensor surfaces 20, 140 are arranged parallel to one another.
  • the disc 138 is arranged, which forms the means for interrupting a water film.
  • the disc 138 is designed as a circular disc and covers the first Electrode 122 complete. The radius of the circular disk is chosen so large that the disk 138 still covers about half of the second electrode 124.
  • FIG. 15 shows an arrangement 150 according to the invention with the sensor 130 of FIGS. 13 and 14.
  • the arrangement 150 has a cutting disk 152, for example the cutting disk of an electric motor-driven door, for example a vehicle door.
  • the sensor 130 is placed on an inner side of the cutting disk 152 and glued to the cutting disk 152, for example.
  • the first sensor surface 20 is thereby unchanged relative to the illustration of FIGS. 13 and 14 and accessible from the inside of the cutting disk 152.
  • a second sensor surface 140 is formed in the assembly 150 in FIG. 15 by the outside of the separator disk 152. On this second sensor surface 140, so the outside of the cutting disc 152, another disc 148 is glued, which is identical to the disc 138 and also arranged in alignment with the disc 138.
  • the sensor 130 can thereby be triggered both from the inside of the cutting disk 152 and from the outside of the cutting disk 152 ago.
  • the transmitter of the sensor 130 is suitably designed to distinguish between an approach of a human or animal body part from the inside or from the outside.
  • a motor-driven door which is provided with the arrangement 150, are operated without contact both from the inside and the outside of the door.
  • the sensor can be arranged in a completely unproblematic manner waterproof and protected against damage, since the cutting disc 152 no through hole must have more.
  • the disks 138, 148 as a means for breaking a water film
  • the ring 128 of the embodiment of Fig. 12 or any other suitable means for breaking the water film may also be used.

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  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un capteur capacitif sans contact destiné à détecter l'approche d'une partie d'un corps humain ou animal. Le capteur comprend une première électrode et une deuxième électrode, la deuxième électrode entourant la première électrode. Une zone intermédiaire, électriquement non conductrice, est prévue entre les deux électrodes. La première électrode, la zone intermédiaire et la deuxième électrode forment conjointement une surface de capteur ou sont disposées sous la surface de capteur. Le capteur comprend également une électronique de commande et d'évaluation qui alimente la deuxième électrode avec une tension sensiblement fixe et la première électrode avec une tension modifiable par l'approche d'une partie corporelle, et des moyens destinés à interrompre un film d'eau sur la surface du capteur. Les moyens sont disposés sur la surface du capteur dans la région de la deuxième électrode.
PCT/EP2017/070034 2016-09-14 2017-08-08 Capteur capacitif sans contact, procédé de détection de l'approche d'une partie d'un corps humain ou animal, et dispositif pourvu d'un capteur WO2018050363A1 (fr)

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DE102016217545.9A DE102016217545A1 (de) 2016-09-14 2016-09-14 Berührungsloser kapazitiver Sensor, Verfahren zum Detektieren der Annäherung eines menschlichen oder tierischen Körperteils und Anordnung mit einem Sensor
DE102016217545.9 2016-09-14

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FR3087469B1 (fr) * 2018-10-19 2020-09-25 Continental Automotive France Dispositif de detection d'intention de verrouiller ou de deverrouiller une portiere de vehicule automobile et procede associe
DE102019209430A1 (de) 2019-06-28 2020-12-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensoreinrichtung mit kapazitivem Sensor

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JPH06162889A (ja) * 1992-11-25 1994-06-10 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 非接触式スイッチ
EP1487104A2 (fr) * 2003-05-14 2004-12-15 Omron Corporation Detecteur de presence d'objects
US20080303685A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-12-11 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Installation structure of capacitance sensor and assembly method of the same
WO2009088361A1 (fr) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-16 St Electronics (Satcom & Sensor Systems) Pte Ltd Commutateur capacitif de capteur de mouvement détectant les demandes d'entrée/sortie par une porte automatique
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DE102013013203A1 (de) 2013-08-09 2015-02-12 Gerd Reime Kapazitiver Sensor zur Erfassung von Änderungen um einen Griff
DE102014216247A1 (de) * 2014-08-15 2016-02-18 Mayser Gmbh & Co. Kg Sensorsystem zur kapazitiven Erfassung von Hindernissen

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CN111585560B (zh) * 2020-04-27 2023-08-11 北京他山科技有限公司 一种非接触式键盘电容传感器及输入方法

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