WO2018047020A1

WO2018047020A1 - Display panel, display device, input/output device, and information processing device

Info

Publication number: WO2018047020A1
Application number: PCT/IB2017/052676
Authority: WO
Inventors: 山崎舜平; 江口晋吾; 池田寿雄; 久保田大介; 井坂史人
Original assignee: 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所
Priority date: 2016-09-06
Filing date: 2017-05-09
Publication date: 2018-03-15
Also published as: TW201809815A

Abstract

Provided is a novel display panel having excellent convenience or reliability. This display panel has pixels, and each of the pixels is provided with an optical element, a coating film, a first display element, and a second display element. The optical element is provided with translucency, and a first region, a second region, and a third region, the first region includes a region supplied with visible light, the second region includes a region in contact with the coating film, and the third region is provided with a function of outputting a part of the visible light, and an area equal to or smaller than that of the region supplied with the visible light, said region being a part of the first region. The coating film is provided with reflectivity with respect to the visible light, and functions of reflecting a part of the visible light, and supplying the part of the visible light to the third region, the first display element is provided with a reflecting film, and a function of controlling light reflected by the reflecting film, said reflecting film being provided with a shape, with which the light outputted from the third region of the optical element is not blocked, and the second display element is provided with a function of supplying the visible light.

Description

Display panel, display device, input / output device, information processing device

One embodiment of the present invention relates to a display panel, a display device, an input / output device, or an information processing device.

Note that one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field. The technical field of one embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification and the like relates to an object, a method, or a manufacturing method. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition (composition of matter). Therefore, as a technical field of one embodiment of the present invention disclosed more specifically in this specification, a semiconductor device, a display device, a light-emitting device, a power storage device, a memory device, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof, Can be cited as an example.

A liquid crystal display device having a configuration in which a condensing unit and a pixel electrode are provided on the same surface side of the substrate, and a region that transmits visible light of the pixel electrode is provided on the optical axis of the condensing unit. There is known a liquid crystal display device having a configuration in which an anisotropic condensing unit having a condensing direction Y is used and a non-condensing direction Y and a major axis direction of a region of a pixel electrode that transmits visible light coincide with each other. (Patent Document 1).

In one pixel, an illumination light source is provided with a region (reflective region) for displaying light by reflecting light incident through the liquid crystal layer and a region (transmissive region) for displaying light by transmitting light from the backlight. For example, a configuration that enables image display in both a reflection mode using external light and a transmission mode using a backlight is known (Patent Document 2). In addition, two transistors connected to different pixel electrode layers are provided in one pixel, and the display of the reflective region and the display of the transmissive region are independently performed by operating the two transistors separately. Can be controlled.

JP 2011-191750 A JP 2011-154356 A

An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable. Another object is to provide a novel display device that is highly convenient or reliable. Another object is to provide a novel input / output device that is highly convenient or reliable. Another object is to provide a novel information processing device that is highly convenient or reliable. Another object is to provide a novel display panel, a novel display device, a novel input / output device, a novel information processing device, or a novel semiconductor device.

Note that the description of these problems does not disturb the existence of other problems. Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not have to solve all of these problems. Issues other than these will be apparent from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and other issues can be extracted from the descriptions of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. It is.

(1) One embodiment of the present invention is a display panel including a pixel. The pixel includes an optical element, a coating film, a first display element, and a second display element.

The optical element has translucency, and the optical element includes a first region, a second region, and a third region. The first region includes a region to which visible light is supplied, the second region includes a region in contact with the coating film, and the third region has a function of emitting a part of the visible light. The region has an area equal to or smaller than the area of the first region to which visible light is supplied.

The coating film has reflectivity with respect to visible light, and the coating film has a function of reflecting a part of visible light and supplying it to the third region.

The first display element includes a reflective film, the first display element has a function of controlling light reflected by the reflective film, and the reflective film has a shape that does not block the light emitted by the third region of the optical element. .

The second display element has a function of supplying visible light.

Accordingly, display can be performed by controlling the intensity of light reflected by the reflective film using the first display element. Alternatively, display using the first display element can be supplemented using the second display element. Alternatively, visible light supplied to the first region can be efficiently emitted from the third region. Alternatively, the light supplied to the first region can be condensed and emitted from the third region. For example, when an organic EL element is used for the second display element, the area of the organic EL element can be made larger than the area of the third region. Alternatively, the light supplied by the organic EL element having a larger area than the third region can be condensed on the third region. Alternatively, it is possible to reduce the density of the current flowing through the organic EL element while maintaining the intensity of light emitted from the third region. Or the reliability of an organic EL element can be improved. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(2) One embodiment of the present invention is the above display panel in which an optical element includes an optical axis. The optical axis passes through the center of the first region to which visible light is supplied and the center of the third region. The second region includes an inclined portion having an inclination of 45 ° or more with respect to a plane orthogonal to the optical axis.

(3) In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the display in which the second region has an inclined portion in a range of 0.05 μm or more and 0.2 μm or less from the end of the region where the visible light of the first region is supplied It is a panel.

(4) In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a region to which visible light is supplied in the first region has an area larger than 10% of the area of the pixel, and the third region has 10% or less of the area of the pixel. It is said display panel provided with an area. The reflective film has an area of 70% or more of the area of the pixel, and the sum of the area of the first region to which visible light is supplied and the area of the reflective film is larger than the area of the pixel.

Thereby, the second region can collect light incident on the first region at various angles. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(5) One embodiment of the present invention is the above display panel in which the second region includes a light-transmitting material. The translucent material has a refractive index of 1.3 to 2.5. The covering film includes a light-transmitting film, the light-transmitting film includes a region in contact with the second region, and the light-transmitting film has a refractive index lower than that of the second region.

(6) One embodiment of the present invention is the above display panel in which the coating film includes a metal film.

Thereby, the coating film can reflect light efficiently. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(7) One embodiment of the present invention is the above display panel including a shape in which the first region is curved toward the third region.

(8) One embodiment of the present invention is the above display panel including a shape in which the first region is curved in a direction away from the third region.

Thereby, the area of a 1st area | region can be expanded, without expanding the projection area with respect to the plane orthogonal to an optical axis. Alternatively, the area of the second display element formed along the first region can be increased without increasing the projected area with respect to the plane orthogonal to the optical axis. Alternatively, the area of the second display element can be increased while maintaining a distance from the adjacent second display element. For example, when an organic EL element is used for the second display element, the area of the organic EL element can be made larger than the area of the third region. Alternatively, the light supplied by the organic EL element having a larger area than the third region can be condensed on the third region. Alternatively, it is possible to reduce the density of the current flowing through the organic EL element while maintaining the intensity of light emitted from the third region. Or the reliability of an organic EL element can be improved. Alternatively, a display panel in which organic EL elements having different emission colors are arranged adjacent to each other can be easily manufactured. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(9) One embodiment of the present invention is the above display panel including a lens.

The lens includes a region sandwiched between the optical element and the second display element, the lens includes a material having a refractive index of 1.3 or more and 2.5 or less, and the lens is a convex lens.

Thereby, the light which a 2nd display element inject | emits can be condensed toward the optical axis of an optical element, for example. Alternatively, the light emitted from the second display element can be used efficiently. Or the density of the electric current sent through an organic EL element can be lowered | hung. Alternatively, the area of the second display element can be increased. Or the reliability of an organic EL element can be improved. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(10) Another embodiment of the present invention is the above display panel in which a pixel includes a first conductive film, a second conductive film, an insulating film, and a pixel circuit.

The insulating film includes a region sandwiched between the first conductive film and the second conductive film, and the insulating film includes an opening.

The first conductive film is electrically connected to the first display element.

The second conductive film includes a region overlapping with the first conductive film, the second conductive film is electrically connected to the first conductive film in the opening, and the second conductive film is electrically connected to the pixel circuit. Connected.

The second display element is electrically connected to the pixel circuit, the second display element has a function of emitting light toward the insulating film, and the second display element performs display using the first display element. It arrange | positions so that the display using a 2nd display element can be visually recognized in a part of visible range.

(11) One embodiment of the present invention is the above display panel having a display region.

The display area includes a group of pixels, another group of pixels, scanning lines, and signal lines.

The plurality of pixels in the group includes the above-described pixels, and the plurality of pixels in the group are arranged in the row direction.

Another group of the plurality of pixels includes the above-described pixels, and the other group of the plurality of pixels is arranged in the column direction intersecting the row direction.

The scan line is electrically connected to a plurality of pixels in a group, and the signal line is electrically connected to a plurality of pixels in another group.

Thereby, for example, using a pixel circuit that can be formed using the same process, the first display element and the second display element that displays using a method different from the first display element, Can be driven. Alternatively, by using an insulating film, diffusion of impurities between the first display element and the second display element or between the first display element and the pixel circuit can be suppressed. As a result, a novel display device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(12) One embodiment of the present invention is a display device including the display panel and a control unit.

The control unit has a function of supplying image information and control information, the control unit has a function of generating the first information or the second information based on the image information, and the control unit has the first information and the second information. It has a function to supply information.

The display panel has a function of being supplied with the first information and the second information.

The first display element has a function of displaying based on the first information, and the second display element has a function of displaying based on the second information.

Thereby, image information can be displayed using the first display element. Alternatively, image information can be displayed using the second display element. Alternatively, the image information can be displayed using the second display element so as to overlap with the image information displayed using the first display element. Alternatively, image information displayed using the first display element can be supplemented using the second display element. As a result, a novel display device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(13) One embodiment of the present invention is an input / output device including an input portion and a display portion.

The display unit includes the display panel.

The input unit includes a region overlapping with the display unit, the input unit includes a detection region, the detection region includes a detection element, and the detection element has a function of detecting an object close to the region overlapping with the pixel.

(14) One embodiment of the present invention is the above input / output device in which the detection region includes a control line and a detection signal line.

The control line has a function of supplying a control signal, and the detection signal line has a function of being supplied with a detection signal.

The detection element is electrically connected to the control line and the detection signal line, and the detection element has a function of supplying a detection signal that changes based on a distance to the area adjacent to the pixel and a control signal, and the detection element A first electrode; and a second electrode.

The first electrode includes a light-transmitting region in a region overlapping with the pixel, and the first electrode is electrically connected to the control line.

The second electrode includes a region having a light-transmitting property in a region overlapping with the pixel, the second electrode is electrically connected to the detection signal line, and the second electrode is partially connected to the region overlapping with the pixel. Is arranged so as to form an electric field between the first electrode and the first electrode.

Accordingly, it is possible to detect an object that is close to a region overlapping with the display unit while displaying image information using the display unit. Alternatively, position information can be input using a finger or the like that is brought close to the display portion as a pointer. Alternatively, the position information can be associated with image information displayed on the display unit. As a result, a novel input / output device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

(15) One embodiment of the present invention includes one or more of a keyboard, a hardware button, a pointing device, a touch sensor, an illuminance sensor, an imaging device, a voice input device, a viewpoint input device, and a posture detection device, And an information processing apparatus including a display panel.

Thereby, based on the information supplied using various input devices, image information or control information can be generated by the arithmetic device. As a result, a novel information processing apparatus that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

In the drawings attached to the present specification, the components are classified by function, and the block diagram is shown as an independent block. However, it is difficult to completely separate the actual components for each function. May involve multiple functions.

In this specification, the terms “source” and “drain” of a transistor interchange with each other depending on the polarity of the transistor or the level of potential applied to each terminal. In general, in an n-channel transistor, a terminal to which a low potential is applied is called a source, and a terminal to which a high potential is applied is called a drain. In a p-channel transistor, a terminal to which a low potential is applied is called a drain, and a terminal to which a high potential is applied is called a source. In this specification, for the sake of convenience, the connection relationship between transistors may be described on the assumption that the source and the drain are fixed. However, the names of the source and the drain are actually switched according to the above-described potential relationship. .

In this specification, the source of a transistor means a source region that is part of a semiconductor film functioning as an active layer or a source electrode connected to the semiconductor film. Similarly, a drain of a transistor means a drain region that is part of the semiconductor film or a drain electrode connected to the semiconductor film. The gate means a gate electrode.

In this specification, the state where the transistors are connected in series means, for example, a state where only one of the source and the drain of the first transistor is connected to only one of the source and the drain of the second transistor. To do. In addition, the state where the transistors are connected in parallel means that one of the source and the drain of the first transistor is connected to one of the source and the drain of the second transistor, and the other of the source and the drain of the first transistor is connected. It means a state of being connected to the other of the source and the drain of the second transistor.

In this specification, the connection means an electrical connection, and corresponds to a state where current, voltage, or potential can be supplied or transmitted. Therefore, the connected state does not necessarily indicate a directly connected state, and a wiring, a resistor, a diode, a transistor, or the like is provided so that current, voltage, or potential can be supplied or transmitted. The state of being indirectly connected through a circuit element is also included in the category.

In this specification, even when independent components on the circuit diagram are connected to each other, in practice, for example, when a part of the wiring functions as an electrode, In some cases, it also has the functions of the components. In this specification, the term “connection” includes a case where one conductive film has functions of a plurality of components.

In this specification, one of a first electrode and a second electrode of a transistor refers to a source electrode, and the other refers to a drain electrode.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided. Alternatively, a novel display device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided. Alternatively, a novel input / output device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided. Alternatively, a novel information processing device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided. Alternatively, a novel display panel, a novel display device, a novel input / output device, a novel information processing device, or a novel semiconductor device can be provided.

Note that the description of these effects does not disturb the existence of other effects. Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of these effects. It should be noted that the effects other than these are naturally obvious from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and it is possible to extract the other effects from the descriptions of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. It is.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a pixel of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a pixel of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a pixel of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a pixel of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a pixel of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a pixel of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a pixel of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a pixel of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a pixel of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 is a top view illustrating a structure of a display panel according to Embodiment. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a display panel according to Embodiment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a display panel according to Embodiment. FIG. FIG. 10 is a bottom view illustrating a structure of a pixel of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating a pixel circuit of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a display device using a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel according to Embodiment. Sectional drawing explaining the structure of the reflecting film of the display panel which concerns on Embodiment. FIG. 6 is a top view illustrating a structure of a reflective film of a display panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of an input / output device according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 is a top view illustrating a structure of an input / output device according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of an input / output device according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of an input / output device according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram and a projection view illustrating a configuration of an information processing device according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for driving the information processing apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for driving the information processing apparatus according to the embodiment. 8A and 8B illustrate a structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 illustrates a structure of an input / output panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 illustrates a structure of an input / output panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 illustrates a structure of an input / output module according to an embodiment.

The display panel of one embodiment of the present invention includes a pixel, and the pixel includes an optical element, a coating film, a first display element, and a second display element. The optical element has translucency, a first region, a second region, and a third region. The first region includes a region to which visible light is supplied, the second region includes a region in contact with the coating film, and the third region has a function of emitting a part of visible light, and the third region Comprises an area equal to or smaller than the area of the first region to which visible light is supplied. The coating film has reflectivity with respect to visible light, and the coating film has a function of reflecting a part of visible light and supplying it to the third region. The first display element includes a reflective film, and the first display element has a function of controlling light reflected by the reflective film. The reflective film has a shape that does not block the light emitted by the third region of the optical element. The second display element has a function of supplying visible light.

Embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following description, and it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that modes and details can be variously changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the description of the embodiments below. Note that in structures of the invention described below, the same portions or portions having similar functions are denoted by the same reference numerals in different drawings, and description thereof is not repeated.

(Embodiment 1)
In this embodiment, the structure of the display panel 700 of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 illustrates a structure of a display panel of one embodiment of the present invention. 1A is a projection view of a pixel, and FIG. 1B is an exploded view illustrating a part of the configuration of the pixel shown in FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view illustrating part of the structure of the pixel along the cutting line Y1-Y2 illustrated in FIG. 1A. FIG. 1D illustrates the pixel illustrated in FIG. It is a top view to explain.

FIG. 2 illustrates a structure of a display panel of one embodiment of the present invention. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the pixel taken along a cutting line Y1-Y2 illustrated in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of part of the pixel illustrated in FIG. FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of part of the pixel illustrated in FIG.

FIG. 10 illustrates a structure of a display panel of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10A is a top view of the display panel, and FIG. 10B is a top view illustrating part of the pixels of the display panel illustrated in FIG. FIG. 10C is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the pixel illustrated in FIG.

11 and 12 are cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the display panel. 11A is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line X1-X2, the cutting line X3-X4, and the cutting line X5-X6 in FIG. 10A. FIG. 11B is a partial view of FIG. It is a figure explaining.

12A is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line X7-X8 and the cutting line X9-X10 in FIG. 10A, and FIG. 12B is a diagram illustrating part of FIG.

13A is a bottom view illustrating part of the pixels of the display panel illustrated in FIG. 10B, and FIG. 13B is illustrated with a part of the structure illustrated in FIG. 13A omitted. FIG.

FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram illustrating a structure of a pixel circuit included in the display panel of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15A is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a display panel of one embodiment of the present invention and a display device using the display panel. FIG. 15B is a block diagram illustrating a structure of the pixel shown in FIG.

FIG. 16A is a block diagram illustrating a structure different from the structure of the display panel illustrated in FIG. FIG. 16B illustrates a display device using the display panel of one embodiment of the present invention.

In the present specification, a variable having an integer value of 1 or more may be used for the sign. For example, (p) including a variable p that takes an integer value of 1 or more may be used as a part of a code that identifies any of the maximum p components. Further, for example, a variable m that takes an integer value of 1 or more and (m, n) including a variable n may be used as part of a code that identifies any of the maximum m × n components.

<Configuration Example of Display Panel 1. >
A display panel 700 described in this embodiment includes a pixel 702 (i, j) (see FIG. 15A).

<< Pixel Configuration Example 1. >>
The pixel 702 (i, j) includes an optical element 560, a coating film 565, a first display element 750 (i, j), and a second display element 550 (i, j) (FIG. 1A, (Refer FIG. 1 (B), FIG. 2 (A), and FIG. 2 (B)).

<< Configuration example of optical element >>
The optical element 560 has a light-transmitting property, and the optical element 560 includes a first region 560A, a second region 560B, and a third region 560C (FIGS. 1B, 1C, and 2B). )reference).

First region 560A includes a region to which visible light is supplied. For example, the first region 560A is supplied with visible light from the second display element 550 (i, j).

The second region 560B includes a region in contact with the coating film 565.

The third region 560C has a function of emitting part of visible light, and the third region has an area equal to or smaller than the area of the first region 560A to which visible light is supplied.

<Configuration example of coating film>
The coating film 565 has reflectivity with respect to visible light, and the coating film 565 has a function of reflecting a part of visible light and supplying it to the third region 560C. For example, visible light emitted from the second display element 550 (i, j) can be reflected toward the third region 560C. Specifically, as illustrated by a solid arrow, a part of visible light incident on the optical element 560 from the first region 560A is reflected by the coating film 565 in contact with the second region 560B, and the third region The region 560C can be ejected (see FIG. 2B).

<< Configuration Example of First Display Element 750 (i, j) >>
The first display element 750 (i, j) includes a reflective film 751B, and the first display element 750 (i, j) has a function of controlling light reflected by the reflective film 751B (see FIG. 2A). ).

The reflective film 751B has a shape that does not block the light emitted from the third region 560C of the optical element 560 (see FIG. 1B). For example, a shape including a region 751H that does not block light in a region overlapping with the third region 560C can be used for the reflective film 751B.

Note that for example, a material in which a conductive film 751A having a light-transmitting property and a conductive film 751C having a light-transmitting property are stacked is used for a region overlapping with the third region 560C of the electrode 751 (i, j). A material in which the reflective film 751B and the conductive film 751C are stacked can be used for a region that does not overlap with the third region 560C (see FIG. 2A).

For example, the reflective film 751B can be used for a reflective liquid crystal element. In addition, a reflective liquid crystal display element can be used for the first display element 750 (i, j).

Specifically, the first display element 750 (i, j) includes an electrode 751 (i, j), an electrode 752, and a layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material. The electrode 752 is disposed so as to form an electric field for controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal material between the electrode 751 (i, j) (see FIG. 2A).

Note that the first display element 750 (i, j) includes an alignment film AF1 and an alignment film AF2. The alignment film AF2 includes a region in which a layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material is sandwiched between the alignment film AF1.

<< Configuration Example 1 of Second Display Element 550 (i, j) >>
The second display element 550 (i, j) has a function of supplying visible light (see FIG. 2A). For example, the second display element 550 (i, j) has a function of supplying visible light to the first region 560A.

Accordingly, display can be performed by controlling the intensity of light reflected by the reflective film using the first display element. Alternatively, the first display element can use external light for display. Alternatively, it is possible to make it difficult to recognize external light reflection. Alternatively, display using the first display element can be supplemented using the second display element. Alternatively, visible light supplied to the first region can be efficiently emitted from the third region. Alternatively, the light supplied to the first region can be condensed and emitted from the third region. For example, when an organic EL element is used for the second display element, the area of the organic EL element can be made larger than the area of the third region. Alternatively, the light supplied by the organic EL element having a larger area than the third region can be condensed on the third region. Alternatively, it is possible to reduce the density of the current flowing through the organic EL element while maintaining the intensity of light emitted from the third region. Or the reliability of an organic EL element can be improved. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

<< Pixel Configuration Example 2. >>
In addition, the second region 560B of the optical element 560 included in the pixel 702 (i, j) includes a light-transmitting material. The light-transmitting material has a refractive index of 1.3 to 2.5 (see FIG. 2C).

Further, the coating film 565 of the pixel 702 (i, j) includes a light-transmitting film 565B. The light-transmitting film 565B includes a region in contact with the second region 560B, and the light-transmitting film 565B includes a refractive index lower than that of the second region 560B.

In addition, the covering film 565 included in the pixel 702 (i, j) includes a metal film 565A.

<< Pixel Configuration Example 3. >>
The pixel 702 (i, j) includes a part of the functional layer 520, a first display element 750 (i, j), and a second display element 550 (i, j) (FIG. 11). (See (A), FIG. 12 (A) and FIG. 14).

<Functional layer 520>
The functional layer 520 includes a first conductive film, a second conductive film, an insulating film 501C, and a pixel circuit 530 (i, j). The functional layer 520 includes an optical element 560 and a coating film 565 (see FIG. 11A). Note that the pixel circuit 530 (i, j) includes a transistor M, for example.

The functional layer 520 includes an insulating film 528, an insulating film 521A, an insulating film 521B, an insulating film 518, and an insulating film 516.

<Pixel circuit>
The pixel circuit 530 (i, j) has a function of driving the first display element 750 (i, j) and the second display element 550 (i, j) (see FIG. 14).

Thereby, for example, using a pixel circuit that can be formed using the same process, the first display element and the second display element that displays using a method different from the first display element, Can be driven. Specifically, power consumption can be reduced by using a reflective display element as the first display element. Alternatively, an image can be favorably displayed with high contrast in an environment where the outside light is bright. Alternatively, an image can be favorably displayed in a dark environment by using the second display element that emits light. Alternatively, by using an insulating film, diffusion of impurities between the first display element and the second display element or between the first display element and the pixel circuit can be suppressed. As a result, a novel display device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

A switch, a transistor, a diode, a resistor, an inductor, a capacitor, or the like can be used for the pixel circuit 530 (i, j).

For example, one or more transistors can be used for the switch. Alternatively, a plurality of transistors connected in parallel, a plurality of transistors connected in series, and a plurality of transistors connected in combination of series and parallel can be used for one switch.

For example, the pixel circuit 530 (i, j) is electrically connected to the signal line S1 (j), the signal line S2 (j), the scanning line G1 (i), the scanning line G2 (i), the wiring CSCOM, and the conductive film ANO. Connected (see FIG. 14). Note that although not illustrated, the conductive film 512A is electrically connected to the signal line S1 (j).

The pixel circuit 530 (i, j) includes a switch SW1 and a capacitor C11 (see FIG. 14).

Pixel circuit 530 (i, j) includes switch SW2, transistor M, and capacitor C12.

For example, a transistor including a gate electrode electrically connected to the scan line G1 (i) and a first electrode electrically connected to the signal line S1 (j) can be used for the switch SW1. .

The capacitor C11 includes a first electrode that is electrically connected to the second electrode of the transistor used for the switch SW1, and a second electrode that is electrically connected to the wiring CSCOM.

For example, a transistor including a gate electrode electrically connected to the scan line G2 (i) and a first electrode electrically connected to the signal line S2 (j) can be used for the switch SW2. .

The transistor M includes a gate electrode that is electrically connected to the second electrode of the transistor used for the switch SW2, and a first electrode that is electrically connected to the conductive film ANO.

Note that a transistor including a conductive film provided so that a semiconductor film is interposed between a gate electrode and the gate electrode can be used for the transistor M. For example, a conductive film that is electrically connected to a wiring that can supply the same potential as the gate electrode of the transistor M can be used for the conductive film.

The capacitor C12 includes a first electrode that is electrically connected to the second electrode of the transistor used for the switch SW2, and a second electrode that is electrically connected to the first electrode of the transistor M. .

Note that the first electrode of the first display element 750 (i, j) is electrically connected to the second electrode of the transistor used for the switch SW1. In addition, the second electrode of the first display element 750 (i, j) is electrically connected to the wiring VCOM1. Accordingly, the first display element 750 can be driven.

In addition, the electrode 551 (i, j) of the second display element 550 (i, j) is electrically connected to the second electrode of the transistor M, and the electrode 552 of the second display element 550 (i, j). Is electrically connected to the conductive film VCOM2. Accordingly, the second display element 550 (i, j) can be driven.

<< Insulating film 501C >>
The insulating film 501C includes a region sandwiched between the first conductive film and the second conductive film, and the insulating film 501C includes an opening 591A (see FIG. 12A). The insulating film 501C includes an opening 591C.

<< First conductive film >>
The first conductive film is electrically connected to the first display element 750 (i, j). Specifically, it is electrically connected to the electrode 751 (i, j) of the first display element 750 (i, j). Note that the electrode 751 (i, j) can be used for the first conductive film.

<< Second conductive film >>
The second conductive film includes a region overlapping with the first conductive film. The second conductive film is electrically connected to the first conductive film in the opening 591A. For example, the conductive film 512B can be used for the second conductive film. By the way, the first conductive film electrically connected to the second conductive film in the opening 591A provided in the insulating film 501C can be referred to as a through electrode.

The second conductive film is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 530 (i, j). For example, a conductive film functioning as a source electrode or a drain electrode of a transistor used for the switch SW1 of the pixel circuit 530 (i, j) can be used for the second conductive film.

<< Configuration Example of Second Display Element 550 (i, j) 2. >>
In addition, the second display element 550 (i, j) is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 530 (i, j) (see FIGS. 11A and 14). The second display element 550 (i, j) has a function of emitting light toward the functional layer 520. The second display element 550 (i, j) has a function of emitting light toward the opening provided in the insulating film 501C or the insulating film 501C, for example.

The second display element 550 (i, j) uses the second display element 550 (i, j) in a part of the range where the display using the first display element 750 (i, j) can be visually recognized. It is arranged so that the displayed display can be visually recognized. For example, the direction in which the external light is incident and reflected on the first display element 750 (i, j) that displays the image information by controlling the intensity of reflecting the external light is shown in the figure using a dashed arrow ( (See FIG. 12A). Further, the direction in which the second display element 550 (i, j) emits light in a part of the range where the display using the first display element 750 (i, j) can be visually recognized is indicated by a solid line arrow. This is shown in the figure (see FIG. 11A).

Thereby, the display using the 2nd display element can be visually recognized in a part of field which can visually recognize the display using the 1st display element. Alternatively, the user can visually recognize the display without changing the posture of the display panel. Alternatively, the object color expressed by the light reflected by the first display element can be multiplied by the light source color expressed by the light emitted by the second display element. Alternatively, a pictorial display can be performed using the object color and the light source color. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

For example, the second display element 550 (i, j) includes an electrode 551 (i, j), an electrode 552, and a layer 553 (j) containing a light-emitting material (see FIG. 11A). ).

The electrode 552 includes a region overlapping with the electrode 551 (i, j).

The layer 553 (j) containing a light-emitting material includes a region sandwiched between the electrode 551 (i, j) and the electrode 552.

The electrode 551 (i, j) is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 530 (i, j) at the connection portion 522. Note that the electrode 551 (i, j) is electrically connected to the conductive film ANO, and the electrode 552 is electrically connected to the conductive film VCOM2 (see FIG. 14).

<< Insulating Film 521, Insulating Film 528, Insulating Film 518, Insulating Film 516, etc. >>
The insulating film 521 includes a region sandwiched between the pixel circuit 530 (i, j) and the second display element 550 (i, j) (see FIG. 11A).

For example, a stacked film can be used for the insulating film 521. For example, a stacked film of the insulating

films

521A and 521B can be used for the insulating film 521.

The insulating film 528 includes a region sandwiched between the insulating film 521 and the substrate 570, and includes an opening in a region overlapping with the second display element 550 (i, j). The insulating film 528 formed along the periphery of the electrode 551 (i, j) prevents a short circuit between the electrode 551 (i, j) and the electrode 552.

The insulating film 518 includes a region sandwiched between the insulating film 521 and the pixel circuit 530 (i, j). For example, the insulating film 518 includes a region sandwiched between the insulating film 521 and the transistor M.

The insulating film 516 includes a region sandwiched between the insulating film 518 and the pixel circuit 530 (i, j). For example, the insulating film 516 includes a region sandwiched between the insulating film 518 and the transistor M.

In addition, the display panel 700 can include the insulating film 501B. The insulating film 501B includes an opening 592A, an opening 592B, and an opening 592C (see FIG. 11A or FIG. 12A).

The opening 592A includes a region overlapping with the electrode 751 (i, j) or a region overlapping with the insulating film 501C.

The opening 592B includes a region overlapping with the conductive film 511B (see FIG. 11A).

The opening 592C includes a region overlapping with the conductive film 511C (see FIG. 12A).

<Configuration Example of Display Panel 2. >
In addition, the display panel 700 described in this embodiment includes a display region 231 (see FIG. 15A).

<< Display area 231 >>
The display region 231 is scanned with a group of a plurality of pixels 702 (i, 1) to 702 (i, n) and another group of a plurality of pixels 702 (1, j) to 702 (m, j). A line G1 (i) and a signal line S1 (j) are included (see FIG. 15A). In addition, the scanning line G2 (i), the wiring CSCOM, the conductive film ANO, and the signal line S2 (j) are included. Note that i is an integer of 1 to m, j is an integer of 1 to n, and m and n are integers of 1 or more.

A group of the plurality of pixels 702 (i, 1) to 702 (i, n) includes a pixel 702 (i, j), and a group of the plurality of pixels 702 (i, 1) to 702 (i, n) includes Arranged in the row direction (direction indicated by arrow R1 in the figure).

The other group of the plurality of pixels 702 (1, j) to 702 (m, j) includes the pixel 702 (i, j), and the other group of the plurality of pixels 702 (1, j) to 702 (m , J) are arranged in a column direction (direction indicated by an arrow C1 in the drawing) intersecting the row direction.

The scan line G1 (i) and the scan line G2 (i) are electrically connected to a group of the plurality of pixels 702 (i, 1) to 702 (i, n) arranged in the row direction.

The signal line S1 (j) and the signal line S2 (j) are electrically connected to another group of the plurality of pixels 702 (1, j) to 702 (m, j) arranged in the column direction. .

<Configuration Example of Display Panel 3. >
In addition, the display panel 700 described in this embodiment can include the driver circuit GD or the driver circuit SD (see FIGS. 10A and 15).

<< Drive circuit GD >>
The drive circuit GD has a function of supplying a selection signal based on the control information.

For example, a function of supplying a selection signal to one scanning line at a frequency of 30 Hz or higher, preferably 60 Hz or higher is provided based on the control information. Thereby, a moving image can be displayed smoothly.

For example, it has a function of supplying a selection signal to one scanning line at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, more preferably less than once per minute based on the control information. Thereby, a still image can be displayed in a state where flicker is suppressed.

In addition, the display panel can include a plurality of driver circuits. For example, the display panel 700B includes a driver circuit GDA and a driver circuit GDB (see FIG. 16A).

For example, when a plurality of drive circuits are provided, the frequency with which the drive circuit GDA supplies the selection signal and the frequency with which the drive circuit GDB supplies the selection signal can be made different. Specifically, the selection signal can be supplied to another region displaying the moving image at a frequency higher than the frequency of supplying the selection signal to one region displaying the still image. Thereby, a still image can be displayed in a state where flicker is suppressed in one area, and a moving image can be displayed smoothly in another area.

<< Drive circuit SD >>
The drive circuit SD includes a drive circuit SD1 and a drive circuit SD2. The drive circuit SD1 has a function of supplying an image signal based on the information V11, and the drive circuit SD2 has a function of supplying an image signal based on the information V12 (see FIG. 15A).

The drive circuit SD1 or the drive circuit SD2 has a function of generating an image signal and a function of supplying the image signal to a pixel circuit that is electrically connected to one display element. Specifically, it has a function of generating a signal whose polarity is inverted. Thereby, for example, a liquid crystal display element can be driven.

For example, various sequential circuits such as a shift register can be used for the drive circuit SD.

For example, an integrated circuit in which the drive circuit SD1 and the drive circuit SD2 are integrated can be used for the drive circuit SD. Specifically, an integrated circuit formed on a silicon substrate can be used for the drive circuit SD.

For example, an integrated circuit can be mounted on a terminal by using a COG (Chip on glass) method or a COF (Chip on Film) method. Specifically, an integrated circuit can be mounted on a terminal using an anisotropic conductive film.

<Configuration Example of Display Panel 4. >
In addition, the display panel 700 described in this embodiment includes a functional layer 720, a terminal 519B, a terminal 519C, a substrate 570, a substrate 770, a bonding layer 505, a sealing material 705, a structure KB1, a functional film 770P, and a functional film 770D. Etc. (see FIG. 11A or FIG. 12A).

<< Functional layer 720 >>
In addition, the display panel described in this embodiment includes a functional layer 720. The functional layer 720 includes a region sandwiched between the substrate 770 and the insulating film 501C. The functional layer 720 includes a light-blocking film BM, an insulating film 771, and a coloring film CF1 (see FIG. 11A or FIG. 12A).

The light-shielding film BM includes an opening in a region overlapping with the first display element 750 (i, j) (see FIG. 12A).

The colored film CF1 includes a region sandwiched between the substrate 770 and the first display element 750 (i, j).

The insulating film 771 includes a region sandwiched between the colored film CF1 and the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material or a region sandwiched between the light shielding film BM and the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material. Thereby, the unevenness | corrugation based on the thickness of colored film CF1 can be made flat. Alternatively, impurity diffusion from the light-blocking film BM, the coloring film CF1, or the like to the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material can be suppressed.

<< Terminal 519B, Terminal 519C >>
In addition, the display panel described in this embodiment includes a terminal 519B and a terminal 519C (see FIG. 11A or FIG. 12A).

The terminal 519B includes a conductive film 511B. For example, the terminal 519B is electrically connected to the signal line S1 (j).

The terminal 519C includes a conductive film 511C. The conductive film 511C is electrically connected to, for example, the wiring VCOM1.

Note that the conductive material CP is sandwiched between the terminal 519C and the electrode 752, and has a function of electrically connecting the terminal 519C and the electrode 752. For example, conductive particles can be used for the conductive material CP.

<< Substrate 570, Substrate 770 >>
In addition, the display panel described in this embodiment includes a substrate 570 and a substrate 770.

The substrate 770 includes a region overlapping with the substrate 570. The substrate 770 includes a region that sandwiches the functional layer 520 with the substrate 570.

The substrate 770 includes a region overlapping with the first display element 750 (i, j). For example, a material in which birefringence is suppressed can be used for the region.

<< Junction Layer 505, Sealant 705, Structure KB1 >>
In addition, the display panel described in this embodiment includes a bonding layer 505, a sealing material 705, and a structure KB1.

The bonding layer 505 includes a region sandwiched between the functional layer 520 and the substrate 570 and has a function of bonding the functional layer 520 and the substrate 570 together.

The sealing material 705 includes a region sandwiched between the functional layer 520 and the substrate 770 and has a function of bonding the functional layer 520 and the substrate 770 together.

The structure KB1 has a function of providing a predetermined gap between the functional layer 520 and the substrate 770.

<< Functional film 770P, Functional film 770D >>
In addition, the display panel described in this embodiment includes a functional film 770P and a functional film 770D.

The functional film 770P includes a region overlapping with the first display element 750 (i, j).

The functional film 770D includes a region overlapping with the first display element 750 (i, j). The functional film 770D is disposed so as to sandwich the substrate 770 with the first display element 750 (i, j). Thereby, for example, the light reflected by the first display element 750 (i, j) can be diffused.

<Examples of components>
The display panel 700 includes a substrate 570, a substrate 770, a structure KB1, a sealing material 705, or a bonding layer 505.

The display panel 700 includes the functional layer 520, the optical element 560, the coating film 565, the insulating film 521, or the insulating film 528.

The display panel 700 includes a signal line S1 (j), a signal line S2 (j), a scanning line G1 (i), a scanning line G2 (i), a wiring CSCOM, or a conductive film ANO.

In addition, the display panel 700 includes a first conductive film or a second conductive film.

In addition, the display panel 700 includes a terminal 519B, a terminal 519C, a conductive film 511B, or a conductive film 511C.

In addition, the display panel 700 includes a pixel circuit 530 (i, j) or a switch SW1.

In addition, the display panel 700 includes a first display element 750 (i, j), an electrode 751 (i, j), a reflective film, an opening, a layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material, or an electrode 752.

The display panel 700 includes the alignment film AF1, the alignment film AF2, the coloring film CF1, the light shielding film BM, the insulating film 771, the functional film 770P, or the functional film 770D.

The display panel 700 includes the second display element 550 (i, j), the electrode 551 (i, j), the electrode 552, or the layer 553 (j) containing a light-emitting material.

In addition, the display panel 700 includes the insulating film 501B or the insulating film 501C.

In addition, the display panel 700 includes a drive circuit GD or a drive circuit SD.

<< Substrate 570 >>
A material having heat resistance high enough to withstand heat treatment in the manufacturing process can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. For example, a material having a thickness of 0.7 mm or less and a thickness of 0.1 mm or more can be used for the substrate 570. Specifically, a material polished to a thickness of about 0.1 mm can be used.

For example, the areas of the sixth generation (1500 mm × 1850 mm), the seventh generation (1870 mm × 2200 mm), the eighth generation (2200 mm × 2400 mm), the ninth generation (2400 mm × 2800 mm), the tenth generation (2950 mm × 3400 mm), etc. A large glass substrate can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. Thus, a large display device can be manufactured.

An organic material, an inorganic material, a composite material of an organic material and an inorganic material, or the like can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. For example, an inorganic material such as glass, ceramics, or metal can be used for the substrate 570 or the like.

Specifically, alkali-free glass, soda-lime glass, potash glass, crystal glass, aluminosilicate glass, tempered glass, chemically tempered glass, quartz, sapphire, or the like can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. Specifically, an inorganic oxide film, an inorganic nitride film, an inorganic oxynitride film, or the like can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. For example, a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxide film, or the like can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. Stainless steel, aluminum, or the like can be used for the substrate 570 or the like.

For example, a single crystal semiconductor substrate made of silicon or silicon carbide, a polycrystalline semiconductor substrate, a compound semiconductor substrate such as silicon germanium, an SOI substrate, or the like can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. Thereby, a semiconductor element can be formed on the substrate 570 or the like.

For example, an organic material such as a resin, a resin film, or plastic can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. Specifically, a resin film or a resin plate such as polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, or an acrylic resin can be used for the substrate 570 or the like.

For example, a composite material in which a film such as a metal plate, a thin glass plate, or an inorganic material is bonded to a resin film or the like can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. For example, a composite material in which a fibrous or particulate metal, glass, inorganic material, or the like is dispersed in a resin film can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. For example, a composite material in which a fibrous or particulate resin, an organic material, or the like is dispersed in an inorganic material can be used for the substrate 570 or the like.

In addition, a single layer material or a material in which a plurality of layers are stacked can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. For example, a material in which a base material and an insulating film that prevents diffusion of impurities contained in the base material are stacked can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. Specifically, a material in which one or a plurality of films selected from a silicon oxide layer, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, or the like that prevents diffusion of impurities contained in glass is used for the substrate 570 or the like. be able to. Alternatively, a material in which a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, or the like, which prevents resin and diffusion of impurities that permeate the resin from being stacked, can be used for the substrate 570 or the like.

Specifically, a resin film such as polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, or an acrylic resin, a resin plate, a laminated material, or the like can be used for the substrate 570 or the like.

Specifically, a material including a resin having a siloxane bond such as polyester, polyolefin, polyamide (nylon, aramid, or the like), polyimide, polycarbonate, polyurethane, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, or silicone can be used for the substrate 570 or the like.

Specifically, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethersulfone (PES), acrylic, or the like can be used for the substrate 570 or the like. Alternatively, a cycloolefin polymer (COP), a cycloolefin copolymer (COC), or the like can be used.

Further, paper, wood, or the like can be used for the substrate 570 or the like.

For example, a flexible substrate can be used for the substrate 570 or the like.

Note that a method of directly forming a transistor, a capacitor, or the like over a substrate can be used. For example, a method in which a transistor, a capacitor, or the like is formed over a substrate for a process that has heat resistance to heat applied during the manufacturing process, and the formed transistor, capacitor, or the like is transferred to the substrate 570 or the like can be used. Thus, for example, a transistor or a capacitor can be formed over a flexible substrate.

<< Substrate 770 >>
For example, a material that can be used for the substrate 570 can be used for the substrate 770. For example, a material having a light-transmitting property selected from materials that can be used for the substrate 570 can be used for the substrate 770. Alternatively, a material with suppressed birefringence selected from materials that can be used for the substrate 570 can be used for the substrate 770.

For example, aluminosilicate glass, tempered glass, chemically tempered glass, sapphire, or the like can be suitably used for the substrate 770 disposed on the side closer to the user of the display panel. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the display panel from being damaged or damaged due to use.

For example, a resin film such as a cycloolefin polymer (COP), a cycloolefin copolymer (COC), or triacetyl cellulose (TAC) can be suitably used for the substrate 770. Thereby, a weight can be reduced. Or, for example, it is possible to reduce the frequency of occurrence of breakage due to dropping.

For example, a material having a thickness of 0.7 mm or less and a thickness of 0.1 mm or more can be used for the substrate 770. Specifically, a polished substrate can be used to reduce the thickness. Accordingly, the functional film 770D can be disposed close to the first display element 750 (i, j). As a result, blurring of the image can be reduced and the image can be clearly displayed.

<< Structure KB1 >>
For example, an organic material, an inorganic material, or a composite material of an organic material and an inorganic material can be used for the structure KB1 or the like. Thereby, a predetermined space | interval can be provided between the structures which pinch | interpose structure KB1 grade | etc.,.

Specifically, polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, polysiloxane, acrylic resin, or a composite material of a plurality of resins selected from these can be used for the structure KB1. Alternatively, a material having photosensitivity may be used.

<< Sealing material 705 >>
An inorganic material, an organic material, a composite material of an inorganic material and an organic material, or the like can be used for the sealant 705 or the like.

For example, an organic material such as a heat-meltable resin or a curable resin can be used for the sealing material 705 or the like.

For example, an organic material such as a reactive curable adhesive, a photocurable adhesive, a thermosetting adhesive, and / or an anaerobic adhesive can be used for the sealing material 705 or the like.

Specifically, an adhesive including epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, phenol resin, polyimide resin, imide resin, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resin, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resin, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) resin, and the like. Can be used for the sealing material 705 or the like.

<< Junction Layer 505 >>
For example, a material that can be used for the sealant 705 can be used for the bonding layer 505.

<< Insulating film 521 >>
For example, an insulating inorganic material, an insulating organic material, or an insulating composite material including an inorganic material and an organic material can be used for the insulating film 521 or the like.

Specifically, an inorganic oxide film, an inorganic nitride film, an inorganic oxynitride film, or the like, or a stacked material in which a plurality selected from these films is stacked can be used for the insulating film 521 and the like. For example, a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxide film, or the like, or a film including a stacked material in which a plurality selected from these films is stacked can be used for the insulating film 521 or the like.

Specifically, polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, polysiloxane, acrylic resin, or the like, or a laminated material or composite material of a plurality of resins selected from these can be used for the insulating film 521 and the like. Alternatively, a material having photosensitivity may be used.

Thereby, for example, steps originating from various structures overlapping with the insulating film 521 can be planarized.

<< Optical element 560 >>
The optical element 560 includes an optical axis Z (see FIG. 1C). The optical axis Z passes through the center of the first region 560A to which visible light is supplied and the center of the third region 560C. The second region 560B includes an inclined portion having an inclination θ of 45 ° or more with respect to a plane orthogonal to the optical axis Z, preferably 75 ° or more and 85 ° or less. For example, the illustrated second region 560B generally has an inclination of about 60 ° with respect to a plane orthogonal to the optical axis Z.

The second region 560B includes the inclined portion in a range of 0.05 μm or more and 0.2 μm or less from the end of the region of the first region 560A to which visible light is supplied. Note that in the case where the second display element 550 (i, j) is in contact with the first region 560A, the region to which the visible light of the first region 560A is supplied is the second display element 550 (i, j). It is equal to the area of a region that can supply visible light. For example, the slope of the second region 560B shown is at a distance d from the edge of the first region to which visible light is supplied.

In addition, the region to which visible light is supplied in the first region 560A has an area larger than 10% of the area of the pixel 702 (i, j) (see FIG. 1D).

The third region 560C has an area of 10% or less of the area of the pixel 702 (i, j).

The reflective film 751B has an area of 70% or more of the area of the pixel 702 (i, j).

The sum of the area of the first region 560A to which visible light is supplied and the area of the reflective film 751B is larger than the area of the pixel 702 (i, j).

For example, a rectangular pixel 27 μm wide and 81 μm long has an area of 2187 μm ² . Visible light is supplied to the area of 324 μm ^{2 in} the first region 560A. The third region 560C has an area of 81 μm ² , and the reflective film 751B has an area of 1894 μm ² .

In this configuration, the area of the third region 560C to which visible light is supplied corresponds to approximately 14.8% of the pixel area.

The area of the reflective film 751B corresponds to about 86.6% of the area of the pixel.

The sum of the area of the first region 560A to which visible light is supplied and the area of the reflective film 751B is 2218 μm ² .

Note that a plurality of materials can be used for the optical element 560. For example, a plurality of materials selected so that the difference in refractive index is in a range of 0.2 or less can be used for the optical element 560. Thereby, reflection or scattering inside the optical element can be suppressed. Alternatively, light loss can be suppressed.

In addition, various shapes can be used for the optical element 560 (see FIG. 17E). For example, a circle or a polygon can be used for the cross-sectional shape of the optical element 560. Alternatively, a plane or a curved surface can be used for the second region 560B of the optical element 560.

<< Coating film 565 >>
A single-layer film or a stacked film can be used for the coating film 565. For example, a material in which a film having a light-transmitting property and a film having a reflective property are stacked can be used for the coating film 565.

For example, an inorganic material such as an oxide film, a fluoride film, or a sulfide film can be used for the light-transmitting film.

For example, a metal can be used for a film having reflectivity. Specifically, a material containing silver can be used for the coating film 565. For example, a material containing silver and palladium or a material containing silver and copper can be used for the reflective film. In addition, a dielectric multilayer film can be used as a film having reflectivity.

<< Insulating film 528 >>
For example, a material that can be used for the insulating film 521 can be used for the insulating film 528 or the like. Specifically, a film containing polyimide with a thickness of 1 μm can be used for the insulating film 528.

<< Insulating film 501B >>
For example, a material that can be used for the insulating film 521 can be used for the insulating film 501B. For example, a material having a function of supplying hydrogen can be used for the insulating film 501B.

Specifically, a material in which a material containing silicon and oxygen and a material containing silicon and nitrogen are stacked can be used for the insulating film 501B. For example, a material having a function of releasing hydrogen by heating or the like and supplying the released hydrogen to another structure can be used for the insulating film 501B. Specifically, a material having a function of releasing hydrogen taken in during the manufacturing process by heating or the like and supplying the hydrogen to another structure can be used for the insulating film 501B.

For example, a film containing silicon and oxygen formed by a chemical vapor deposition method using silane or the like as a source gas can be used for the insulating film 501B.

Specifically, a material in which a material containing silicon and oxygen having a thickness of 200 nm to 600 nm and a material containing silicon and nitrogen and having a thickness of about 200 nm can be used for the insulating film 501B.

<< Insulating film 501C >>
For example, a material that can be used for the insulating film 521 can be used for the insulating film 501C. Specifically, a material containing silicon and oxygen can be used for the insulating film 501C. Thereby, the diffusion of impurities into the pixel circuit or the second display element can be suppressed.

For example, a 200-nm-thick film containing silicon, oxygen, and nitrogen can be used for the insulating film 501C.

<< wiring, terminals, conductive film >>
A conductive material can be used for the wiring or the like. Specifically, a conductive material is formed using a signal line S1 (j), a signal line S2 (j), a scanning line G1 (i), a scanning line G2 (i), a wiring CSCOM, a conductive film ANO, a terminal 519B, It can be used for the terminal 519C, the conductive film 511B, the conductive film 511C, or the like.

For example, an inorganic conductive material, an organic conductive material, a metal, a conductive ceramic, or the like can be used for the wiring.

Specifically, a metal element selected from aluminum, gold, platinum, silver, copper, chromium, tantalum, titanium, molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, iron, cobalt, palladium, or manganese can be used for the wiring or the like. . Alternatively, an alloy containing the above metal element can be used for the wiring or the like. In particular, an alloy of copper and manganese is suitable for fine processing using a wet etching method.

Specifically, a two-layer structure in which a titanium film is laminated on an aluminum film, a two-layer structure in which a titanium film is laminated on a titanium nitride film, a two-layer structure in which a tungsten film is laminated on a titanium nitride film, a tantalum nitride film or A two-layer structure in which a tungsten film is stacked on a tungsten nitride film, a titanium film, and a three-layer structure in which an aluminum film is stacked on the titanium film and a titanium film is further formed thereon can be used for wiring or the like. .

Specifically, a conductive oxide such as indium oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, or zinc oxide to which gallium is added can be used for the wiring or the like.

Specifically, a film containing graphene or graphite can be used for the wiring or the like.

For example, by forming a film containing graphene oxide and reducing the film containing graphene oxide, the film containing graphene can be formed. Examples of the reduction method include a method of applying heat and a method of using a reducing agent.

For example, a film containing metal nanowires can be used for wiring or the like. Specifically, a nanowire containing silver can be used.

Specifically, a conductive polymer can be used for wiring or the like.

Note that, for example, the conductive material ACF1 can be used to electrically connect the terminal 519B and the flexible printed circuit board FPC1.

<< First conductive film, second conductive film >>
For example, a material that can be used for a wiring or the like can be used for the first conductive film or the second conductive film.

Further, the electrode 751 (i, j), the wiring, or the like can be used for the first conductive film.

In addition, a conductive film 512B functioning as a source electrode or a drain electrode of a transistor that can be used for the switch SW1, a wiring, or the like can be used for the second conductive film.

<< First display element 750 (i, j) >>
For example, a display element having a function of controlling reflection or transmission of light can be used for the first display element 750 (i, j). For example, a structure in which a liquid crystal element and a polarizing plate are combined, a shutter-type MEMS display element, an optical interference-type MEMS display element, or the like can be used. By using a reflective display element, power consumption of the display panel can be suppressed. For example, a display element using a microcapsule method, an electrophoresis method, an electrowetting method, or the like can be used for the first display element 750 (i, j). Specifically, a reflective liquid crystal display element can be used for the first display element 750 (i, j).

For example, IPS (In-Plane-Switching) mode, TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, FFS (Fringe Field Switched) mode, ASM (Axially Symmetrically Applied Micro-cell) mode, OCB (OpticBridge) mode. A liquid crystal element that can be driven using a driving method such as a Crystal) mode or an AFLC (Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal) mode can be used.

In addition, for example, vertical alignment (VA) mode, specifically, MVA (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment) mode, PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) mode, ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence ACP mode, CPB mode) A liquid crystal element that can be driven by a driving method such as an (Advanced Super-View) mode can be used.

The first display element 750 (i, j) includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a layer containing a liquid crystal material. The layer including a liquid crystal material includes a liquid crystal material whose alignment can be controlled using a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode. For example, an electric field in a thickness direction (also referred to as a vertical direction) of a layer including a liquid crystal material or a direction intersecting with the vertical direction (also referred to as a horizontal direction or an oblique direction) can be used as an electric field for controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal material. .

<< Layer 753 containing liquid crystal material >>
For example, a thermotropic liquid crystal, a low molecular liquid crystal, a polymer liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, or the like can be used for the layer containing a liquid crystal material. Alternatively, a liquid crystal material exhibiting a cholesteric phase, a smectic phase, a cubic phase, a chiral nematic phase, an isotropic phase, or the like can be used. Alternatively, a liquid crystal material exhibiting a blue phase can be used.

For example, a negative liquid crystal material can be used for the layer including the liquid crystal material.

For example, a liquid crystal material having a specific resistivity of 1.0 × 10 ¹³ Ω · cm or more, preferably 1.0 × 10 ¹⁴ Ω · cm or more, and more preferably 1.0 × 10 ¹⁵ Ω · cm or more is used. Used for the layer 753 containing a material. Thereby, the fluctuation | variation of the transmittance | permeability of the 1st display element 750 (i, j) can be suppressed. Alternatively, flickering of the first display element 750 (i, j) can be suppressed. Alternatively, the frequency of rewriting the first display element 750 (i, j) can be reduced.

<< Electrode 751 (i, j) >>
For example, a material used for wiring or the like can be used for the electrode 751 (i, j). Specifically, a reflective film can be used for the electrode 751 (i, j). For example, a material in which a conductive film having a light-transmitting property and a reflective film having an opening are stacked can be used for the electrode 751 (i, j).

<Reflective film>
For example, a material that reflects visible light can be used for the reflective film. Specifically, a material containing silver can be used for the reflective film. For example, a material containing silver and palladium or a material containing silver and copper can be used for the reflective film.

For example, the reflective film reflects light transmitted through the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material. Accordingly, the first display element 750 can be a reflective liquid crystal element. Further, for example, a material having irregularities on the surface can be used for the reflective film. Thereby, incident light can be reflected in various directions to display white.

For example, the first conductive film, the electrode 751 (i, j), or the like can be used for the reflective film.

For example, a film including a region in which a light-transmitting conductive film 751A is sandwiched between the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material can be used for the reflective film 751B (see FIG. 17A).

For example, a film including a region between the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material and a light-transmitting conductive film 751C can be used for the reflective film 751B (see FIG. 17B).

For example, a film including a region between the light-transmitting conductive film 751A and the light-transmitting conductive film 751C can be used for the reflective film 751B (see FIG. 17C).

For example, a film having reflectivity with respect to visible light may be used for the first electrode 751 (i, j) (see FIG. 17D).

The reflective film has a shape in which a region 751H that does not block the light emitted from the second display element 550 (i, j) is formed (see FIGS. 18A to 18C).

For example, a shape including one or a plurality of openings can be used for the reflective film. Specifically, a shape such as a polygon, a quadrangle, an ellipse, a circle, or a cross can be used for the region 751H. In addition, an elongated streak shape, a slit shape, or a checkered shape can be used for the region 751H.

If the ratio of the total area of the region 751H to the total area of the reflective film is too large, the display using the first display element 750 (i, j) will be dark.

If the ratio of the total area of the region 751H to the total area of the reflective film is too small, the display using the second display element 550 (i, j) becomes dark. Alternatively, the reliability of the second display element 550 (i, j) may be impaired.

For example, the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i, j + 1) is arranged on a straight line extending in the row direction (the direction indicated by the arrow R1 in the drawing) passing through the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i, j). It is not provided (see FIG. 18A). Alternatively, for example, the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i + 1, j) passes through the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i, j) and extends in the column direction (the direction indicated by the arrow C1 in the drawing). It is not disposed on top (see FIG. 18B).

For example, the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i, j + 2) is disposed on a straight line extending in the row direction passing through the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i, j) (see FIG. 18A). ). In addition, a region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i, j + 1) has a straight line between the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i, j) and the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i, j + 2). It arrange | positions on the orthogonal straight line.

Alternatively, for example, the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i + 2, j) is disposed on a straight line passing through the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i, j) and extending in the column direction (FIG. 18 ( B)). For example, the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i + 1, j) is between the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i, j) and the region 751H provided in the pixel 702 (i + 2, j). It arrange | positions on the straight line orthogonal to a straight line.

By disposing the second display element so as to overlap an area where light that is arranged in this way is not blocked, the second display element of another pixel adjacent to the one pixel is changed to the second display element of the one pixel. It can be kept away from the display element. Alternatively, a display element that displays a color different from the color displayed by the second display element of one pixel can be provided in the second display element of another pixel adjacent to the one pixel. Alternatively, the difficulty of arranging a plurality of display elements that display different colors adjacent to each other can be reduced. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

Alternatively, an electrode 751 (i, j) or the like whose end is cut short so that the region 751H is formed can be used for the reflective film (see FIG. 18C). Specifically, an electrode 751 (i, j) or the like having a shape in which an end is cut so that the column direction (the direction indicated by the arrow C1 in the drawing) is shortened can be used.

<< Electrode 752 >>
For example, a material that can be used for wiring or the like can be used for the electrode 752. For example, a material having a light-transmitting property selected from materials that can be used for wiring and the like can be used for the electrode 752.

For example, a conductive oxide, a metal film that is thin enough to transmit light, a metal nanowire, or the like can be used for the electrode 752.

Specifically, a conductive oxide containing indium can be used for the electrode 752. Alternatively, a metal thin film with a thickness of 1 nm to 10 nm can be used for the electrode 752. In addition, a metal nanowire containing silver can be used for the electrode 752.

Specifically, indium oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, zinc oxide to which gallium is added, zinc oxide to which aluminum is added, or the like can be used for the electrode 752.

<< Alignment film AF1, Alignment film AF2 >>
For example, a material containing polyimide or the like can be used for the alignment film AF1 or the alignment film AF2. Specifically, a material that is rubbed so that the liquid crystal material is aligned in a predetermined direction or a material that is formed using a photo-alignment technique can be used.

For example, a film containing soluble polyimide can be used for the alignment film AF1 or the alignment film AF2. Thereby, the temperature required for forming the alignment film AF1 or the alignment film AF2 can be lowered. As a result, damage to other components when forming the alignment film AF1 or the alignment film AF2 can be reduced.

<< Colored film CF1 >>
A material that transmits light of a predetermined color can be used for the colored film CF1. Thereby, the colored film CF1 can be used for a color filter, for example. For example, a material that transmits blue, green, or red light can be used for the colored film CF1. A material that transmits yellow light, white light, or the like can be used for the colored film.

<< Light shielding film BM >>
For example, a material that suppresses light transmission can be used for the light-shielding film BM. Thereby, the light shielding film BM can be used for, for example, a black matrix.

Specifically, a resin containing a pigment or a dye can be used for the light shielding film BM. For example, a resin in which carbon black is dispersed can be used for the light shielding film.

Alternatively, an inorganic compound, an inorganic oxide, a composite oxide including a solid solution of a plurality of inorganic oxides, or the like can be used for the light-shielding film BM. Specifically, a black chromium film, a film containing cupric oxide, a film containing copper chloride or tellurium chloride can be used for the light-shielding film BM.

<< Insulating film 771 >>
For example, polyimide, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, or the like can be used for the insulating film 771.

<< Functional film 770P, Functional film 770D >>
For example, an antireflection film, a polarizing film, a retardation film, a light diffusion film, a light collecting film, or the like can be used for the functional film 770P or the functional film 770D.

Specifically, a film containing a dichroic dye can be used for the functional film 770P or the functional film 770D. Alternatively, a material having a columnar structure including an axis along a direction intersecting the surface of the base material can be used for the functional film 770P or the functional film 770D. Thereby, light can be easily transmitted in a direction along the axis and can be easily scattered in other directions.

In addition, an antistatic film that suppresses adhesion of dust, a water-repellent film that makes it difficult to adhere dirt, a hard coat film that suppresses generation of scratches due to use, and the like can be used for the functional film 770P.

Specifically, a circularly polarizing film can be used for the functional film 770P. In addition, a light diffusion film can be used for the functional film 770D.

<< Second display element 550 (i, j) >>
For example, a display element having a function of emitting light can be used for the second display element 550 (i, j). Specifically, an organic electroluminescence element, an inorganic electroluminescence element, a light emitting diode, a QDLED (Quantum Dot LED), or the like can be used for the second display element 550 (i, j).

For example, a light-emitting organic compound can be used for the layer 553 (j) containing a light-emitting material.

For example, a quantum dot can be used for the layer 553 (j) containing a light-emitting material. Thereby, the half value width is narrow and it is possible to emit brightly colored light.

For example, a laminated material laminated so as to emit blue light, a laminated material laminated so as to emit green light, or a laminated material laminated so as to emit red light, etc. Can be used for the layer 553 (j) containing N.

For example, a strip-shaped stacked material that is long in the column direction along the signal line S2 (j) can be used for the layer 553 (j) containing a light-emitting material.

For example, a stacked material stacked so as to emit white light can be used for the layer 553 (j) including a light-emitting material. Specifically, a layer containing a luminescent material including a fluorescent material that emits blue light, a layer containing a material other than a fluorescent material that emits green and red light, or a fluorescent material that emits yellow light A layered material in which a layer including any of the above materials is stacked can be used for the layer 553 (j) including a light-emitting material.

For example, a material that can be used for wiring or the like can be used for the electrode 551 (i, j).

For example, a material having a property of transmitting visible light and selected from materials that can be used for wirings or the like can be used for the electrode 551 (i, j).

Specifically, a conductive oxide or a conductive oxide containing indium, indium oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, zinc oxide to which gallium is added, or the like is used as the electrode 551 (i, j). Can be used. Alternatively, a metal film that is thin enough to transmit light can be used for the electrode 551 (i, j). Alternatively, a metal film that transmits part of light and reflects another part of light can be used for the electrode 551 (i, j). Accordingly, the microresonator structure can be provided in the second display element 550 (i, j). As a result, light with a predetermined wavelength can be extracted more efficiently than other light.

For example, a material that can be used for wiring or the like can be used for the electrode 552. Specifically, a material having reflectivity with respect to visible light can be used for the electrode 552.

<< Drive circuit GD >>
Various sequential circuits such as a shift register can be used for the drive circuit GD. For example, a transistor MD, a capacitor, or the like can be used for the drive circuit GD. Specifically, a transistor that can be used for the switch SW1 or a transistor including a semiconductor film that can be formed in the same process as the transistor M can be used.

For example, a different structure from the transistor that can be used for the switch SW1 can be used for the transistor MD. Specifically, a transistor including the conductive film 524 can be used for the transistor MD (see FIG. 11B).

Note that the same structure as the transistor M can be used for the transistor MD.

<Transistor>
For example, a semiconductor film that can be formed in the same process can be used for a transistor in a driver circuit and a pixel circuit.

For example, a bottom-gate transistor, a top-gate transistor, or the like can be used as a driver circuit transistor or a pixel circuit transistor.

By the way, for example, a bottom-gate transistor production line using amorphous silicon as a semiconductor can be easily modified to a bottom-gate transistor production line using an oxide semiconductor as a semiconductor. For example, a top gate type production line using polysilicon as a semiconductor can be easily modified to a top gate type transistor production line using an oxide semiconductor as a semiconductor. Both modifications can make effective use of existing production lines.

For example, a transistor in which a semiconductor containing a Group 14 element is used for a semiconductor film can be used. Specifically, a semiconductor containing silicon can be used for the semiconductor film. For example, a transistor in which single crystal silicon, polysilicon, microcrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, or the like is used for a semiconductor film can be used.

Note that the temperature required for manufacturing a transistor using polysilicon as a semiconductor is lower than that of a transistor using single crystal silicon as a semiconductor.

In addition, the field effect mobility of a transistor using polysilicon as a semiconductor is higher than that of a transistor using amorphous silicon as a semiconductor. Thereby, the aperture ratio of the pixel can be improved. In addition, a pixel provided with extremely high definition, a gate driver circuit, and a source driver circuit can be formed over the same substrate. As a result, the number of parts constituting the electronic device can be reduced.

The reliability of a transistor using polysilicon as a semiconductor is superior to a transistor using amorphous silicon as a semiconductor.

In addition, a transistor using a compound semiconductor can be used. Specifically, a semiconductor containing gallium arsenide can be used for the semiconductor film.

In addition, a transistor using an organic semiconductor can be used. Specifically, an organic semiconductor containing polyacenes or graphene can be used for the semiconductor film.

For example, a transistor in which an oxide semiconductor is used for a semiconductor film can be used. Specifically, an oxide semiconductor containing indium or an oxide semiconductor containing indium, gallium, and zinc can be used for the semiconductor film.

As an example, a transistor whose leakage current in an off state is smaller than that of a transistor using amorphous silicon as a semiconductor film can be used. Specifically, a transistor in which an oxide semiconductor is used for a semiconductor film can be used.

Accordingly, as compared with a pixel circuit using a transistor using amorphous silicon as a semiconductor film, the time during which the pixel circuit can hold an image signal can be lengthened. Specifically, the selection signal can be supplied at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, more preferably less than once per minute while suppressing the occurrence of flicker. As a result, fatigue accumulated in the user of the information processing apparatus can be reduced. In addition, power consumption associated with driving can be reduced.

For example, a transistor including the semiconductor film 508, the conductive film 504, the conductive film 512A, and the conductive film 512B can be used for the switch SW1 (see FIG. 12B). Note that the insulating film 506 includes a region sandwiched between the semiconductor film 508 and the conductive film 504.

The conductive film 504 includes a region overlapping with the semiconductor film 508. The conductive film 504 has a function of a gate electrode. The insulating film 506 has a function of a gate insulating film.

The

conductive films

512A and 512B are electrically connected to the semiconductor film 508. The conductive film 512A has one of the function of the source electrode and the function of the drain electrode, and the conductive film 512B has the other of the function of the source electrode and the function of the drain electrode.

In addition, a transistor including the conductive film 524 can be used for a transistor in a driver circuit or a pixel circuit (see FIG. 11B). The conductive film 524 includes a region in which the semiconductor film 508 is sandwiched between the conductive film 504 and the conductive film 504. Note that the insulating film 516 includes a region sandwiched between the conductive film 524 and the semiconductor film 508. For example, the conductive film 524 can be electrically connected to a wiring that supplies the same potential as the conductive film 504.

For example, a conductive film in which a 10-nm-thick film containing tantalum and nitrogen and a 300-nm-thick film containing copper are stacked can be used for the conductive film 504. Note that the film containing copper includes a region between which the film containing tantalum and nitrogen is sandwiched between the film containing copper.

For example, a material in which a 400-nm-thick film containing silicon and nitrogen and a 200-nm-thick film containing silicon, oxygen, and nitrogen are stacked can be used for the insulating film 506. Note that the film containing silicon and nitrogen includes a region between the semiconductor film 508 and the film containing silicon, oxygen, and nitrogen.

For example, a 25-nm-thick film containing indium, gallium, and zinc can be used for the semiconductor film 508.

For example, a conductive film in which a 50-nm-thick film containing tungsten, a 400-nm-thick film containing aluminum, and a 100-nm-thick film containing titanium are stacked in this order as the conductive film 512A or the conductive film 512B. Can be used. Note that the film containing tungsten includes a region in contact with the semiconductor film 508.

<Configuration Example of Display Panel 5. >
The structure of the display panel of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 3 illustrates a structure of a display panel of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel at a position corresponding to the cutting line Y1-Y2 shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 illustrates a structure of a display panel of one embodiment of the present invention. 4A is a cross-sectional view of the pixel at a position corresponding to the cutting line Y1-Y2 illustrated in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 4B is a cross-section having a configuration different from that of the pixel illustrated in FIG. FIG.

The configuration of the display panel described in this configuration example is different from the display panel 700 described with reference to FIG. 2, for example, in that the coating film 565 includes a region in contact with the insulating film 518. Here, different portions will be described in detail, and the above description will be applied to portions that can use the same configuration.

For example, a region in contact with the insulating film 518 can be formed in the coating film 565 by using a method of forming the coating film 565 in the opening provided in the insulating film 518.

Specifically, using the insulating film 521A in which an opening is formed in a region overlapping with the region 751H as a resist mask, the insulating film 518 and the like are etched to form an opening, and the coating film 565 is formed in the opening. Form (see FIG. 3).

For example, the coating film 565 is formed over the insulating film 518 in which an opening is formed in a region overlapping with the region 751H (see FIG. 4A).

For example, the insulating film 518 and the like are etched stepwise using a plurality of resist masks, and then a coating film 565 is formed. Accordingly, the shape of the coating film 565 and the shape of the second region 560B can be stepped (see FIG. 4B).

<Configuration Example of Display Panel 6. >
The structure of the display panel of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 5 illustrates the structure of the display panel of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel at a position corresponding to the cutting line Y1-Y2 illustrated in FIG.

The configuration of the display panel described in this configuration example can include a colored film CF2 (see FIG. 5). Note that the point that the functional layer 520 includes the colored film CF2 is different from, for example, the display panel 700 described with reference to FIG. Here, different portions will be described in detail, and the above description will be applied to portions that can use the same configuration.

The functional layer 520 includes a colored film CF2. The colored film CF2 includes a region sandwiched between the optical element 560 and the second display element 550 (i, j) (see FIG. 5).

<< Colored film CF2 >>
A material that transmits light of a predetermined color can be used for the colored film CF2. Thereby, the colored film CF2 can be used for a color filter, for example. For example, a material that transmits blue, green, or red light can be used for the colored film CF2. A material that transmits yellow light, white light, or the like can be used for the colored film.

Note that a material having a function of converting irradiated light into light of a predetermined color can be used for the colored film CF2. Specifically, quantum dots can be used for the colored film CF2. Thereby, display with high color purity can be performed.

<Configuration Example of Display Panel 7. >
The structure of the display panel of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 6 illustrates a structure of a display panel of one embodiment of the present invention. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the pixel at a position corresponding to the cutting line Y1-Y2 illustrated in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 6B includes a configuration different from that of the pixel illustrated in FIG. It is sectional drawing of a pixel.

The configuration of the display panel described in this configuration example is different from the display panel 700 described with reference to FIG. 2, for example, in that the functional layer 520 includes the insulating film 518B or the insulating film 521C. Here, different portions will be described in detail, and the above description will be applied to portions that can use the same configuration.

For example, the functional layer 520 includes the insulating film 518B between the first display element 750 (i, j) and the second display element 550 (i, j) (see FIG. 6A). Specifically, an insulating film 518B is provided between the light-transmitting conductive film 751C and the optical element 560. Thereby, diffusion of impurities between the first display element and the second display element or between the first display element and the pixel circuit can be suppressed. As a result, a novel display device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

Note that for example, a stacked film of the insulating film 518A and the insulating film 518B can be used as the insulating film 518.

For example, the functional layer 520 includes the insulating film 521C between the first display element 750 (i, j) and the second display element 550 (i, j) (see FIG. 6B). Specifically, the insulating film 521C is provided between the insulating film 521B and the second display element 550 (i, j). Thereby, the diffusion of impurities between the first display element and the second display element can be suppressed. As a result, a novel display device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

Note that for example, a stacked film of the insulating film 521A, the insulating film 521B, and the insulating film 521C can be used as the insulating film 521.

<Configuration Example of Display Panel 8. >
The structure of the display panel of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 7 illustrates a structure of a display panel of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of a pixel at a position corresponding to the cutting line Y1-Y2 illustrated in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 7B has a configuration different from that of the pixel illustrated in FIG. It is sectional drawing of a pixel.

The configuration of the display panel described in this configuration example is different except that the first region 560A has a curved shape and the second display element 550 (i, j) has a curved shape, for example. A configuration similar to that of the display panel 700 described with reference to FIG. 2 is provided. Here, different portions will be described in detail, and the above description will be applied to portions that can use the same configuration.

For example, the first region 560A has a shape curved toward the third region 560C (see FIG. 7A).

Alternatively, the first region 560A has a shape curved in a direction away from the third region 560C (see FIG. 7B).

<Configuration Example of Display Panel 9. >
The structure of the display panel of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 8 illustrates a structure of a display panel of one embodiment of the present invention. 8A is a cross-sectional view of a pixel at a position corresponding to the cutting line Y1-Y2 illustrated in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view illustrating part of FIG. 8A. is there.

FIG. 9 illustrates the structure of the display panel of one embodiment of the present invention. 9A is a cross-sectional view of the pixel at a position corresponding to the cutting line Y1-Y2 illustrated in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 9B is a cross-section having a different structure from the pixel illustrated in FIG. 9A. FIG.

The configuration of the display panel described in this configuration example is the same as that of the display panel 700 described with reference to FIG. 2 except that the lens 580 is provided. Here, different portions will be described in detail, and the above description will be applied to portions that can use the same configuration.

The display panel described in this embodiment includes a lens 580, and the lens 580 includes a region sandwiched between the optical element 560 and the second display element 550 (i, j) (see FIG. 8A and FIG. 8). (See FIG. 8B).

The lens 580 includes a material having a refractive index of 1.5 to 2.5, and the lens 580 is a convex lens.

Thereby, the light which a 2nd display element inject | emits can be condensed toward the optical axis of an optical element, for example. Alternatively, the light emitted from the second display element can be used efficiently. Alternatively, the area of the second display element can be increased. Or the density of the electric current sent through an organic EL element can be lowered | hung. Alternatively, the area of the second display element can be increased. As a result, a novel display panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

For example, a plano-convex lens can be used for the lens 580 (see FIGS. 8A and 9A).

In addition, a biconvex lens can be used for the lens 580 (see FIG. 9B).

<Lens 580>
A material that transmits visible light can be used for the lens 580. Alternatively, a material having a refractive index of 1.3 to 2.5 can be used for the lens 580. For example, an inorganic material or an organic material can be used for the lens 580.

For example, a material containing an oxide or sulfide can be used for the lens 580.

Specifically, cerium oxide, hafnium oxide, lanthanum oxide, magnesium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, yttrium oxide, zinc oxide, oxide containing indium and tin, oxide containing indium, gallium and zinc, etc. Can be used for the lens 580. Alternatively, zinc sulfide or the like can be used for the lens 580.

For example, a material containing a resin can be used for the lens 580. Specifically, a resin into which chlorine, bromine, or iodine is introduced, a resin into which heavy metal atoms are introduced, a resin into which an aromatic ring is introduced, a resin into which sulfur is introduced, or the like can be used for the lens 580. Alternatively, a resin including nanoparticles of a material having a higher refractive index than that of the resin can be used for the lens 580. Titanium oxide or zirconium oxide can be used for the nanoparticles.

Note that this embodiment can be combined with any of the other embodiments described in this specification as appropriate.

(Embodiment 2)
In this embodiment, the structure of the display device of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 15A is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a display device of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15B is a block diagram illustrating a structure of the pixel shown in FIG.

FIG. 16A is a block diagram illustrating a structure different from the structure of the display panel illustrated in FIG. FIG. 16B illustrates a display device of one embodiment of the present invention.

<Configuration example of display device>
The display device described in this embodiment includes a control portion 238 and a display panel 700 (see FIG. 15A).

<Control unit 238>
The control unit 238 has a function to which the image information V1 and the control information SS are supplied.

The control unit 238 has a function of generating the first information V11 and the second information V12 based on the image information V1. The control unit 238 has a function of supplying the first information V11 and the second information V12.

For example, the control unit 238 includes a decompression circuit 234 and an image processing circuit 235M.

<< Display panel 700 >>
The display panel 700 has a function of being supplied with the first information V11 and the second information V12. The display panel 700 includes a pixel 702 (i, j).

The pixel 702 (i, j) includes a first display element 750 (i, j) and a second display element 550 (i, j) (see FIG. 15B).

The first display element 750 (i, j) has a function of displaying based on the first information V11, and the first display element 750 (i, j) is a reflective display element.

The second display element 550 (i, j) has a function of displaying based on the second information V12, and the second display element 550 (i, j) is a light emitting element.

For example, the display panel described in Embodiment 1 can be used for the display panel 700. Alternatively, the display panel 700B can be used. For example, a television receiver system (see FIG. 16B-1), a video monitor (see FIG. 16B-2), a notebook computer (see FIG. 16B-3), or the like can be provided. .

Accordingly, it is possible to display image information by controlling the intensity of light reflected by the reflective film using the first display element. Alternatively, the first display element can use external light for display. Alternatively, it is possible to make it difficult to recognize external light reflection. Alternatively, image information can be displayed using the second display element. Alternatively, the image information can be displayed using the second display element so as to overlap with the image information displayed using the first display element. Alternatively, image information displayed using the first display element can be supplemented using the second display element. As a result, a novel display device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

<< Extension circuit 234 >>
The expansion circuit 234 has a function of expanding the image information V1 supplied in a compressed state. The decompression circuit 234 includes a storage unit. The storage unit has a function of storing, for example, decompressed image information (see FIG. 15A).

<< Image processing circuit 235M >>
The image processing circuit 235M includes, for example, an area 235M (1) and an area 235M (2).

The region 235M (1) or the region 235M (2) has a function of storing information included in the image information V1, for example.

Further, the image processing circuit 235M includes, for example, a function of correcting the image information V1 based on a predetermined characteristic curve to generate information V11 and a function of supplying the information V11. Specifically, a function for generating the information V11 is provided so that the first display element displays a good image.

The image processing circuit 235M includes, for example, a function of correcting the image information V1 based on a predetermined characteristic curve to generate the information V12 and a function of supplying the information V12. Specifically, a function of generating information V12 is provided so that the second display element displays a good image.

(Embodiment 3)
In this embodiment, the structure of the input / output device of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of the input / output device of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 illustrates the structure of an input / output panel that can be used for the input / output device of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20A is a top view of the input / output panel. FIG. 20B is a schematic diagram for explaining a part of the input portion of the input / output panel, and FIG. 20C is a schematic diagram for explaining a part of FIG. 20B.

21 and 22 illustrate a structure of an input / output panel that can be used for the input / output device of one embodiment of the present invention. 21A is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line X1-X2, the cutting line X3-X4 in FIG. 20A, and the cutting line X5-X6 in FIG. 20C, and FIG. It is sectional drawing explaining the one part structure of A).

22 is a cross-sectional view taken along section line X7-X8 in FIG. 20C, X9-X10 in FIG. 20A, and section line X11-X12.

<Configuration example of input / output device>
The input / output device described in this embodiment includes an input unit 240 and a display unit 230 (see FIG. 19). For example, the display panel 700 described in Embodiment 1 can be used for the display portion 230.

The input unit 240 includes an area overlapping with the display unit 230, and the input unit 240 includes a detection area 241 (see FIG. 19).

The detection area 241 includes a detection element 775 (g, h).

The detection element 775 (g, h) has a function of detecting an element close to a region overlapping with the pixel 702 (i, j).

<< Input unit 240 >>
The input unit 240 includes a detection region 241, an oscillation circuit OSC, and a detection circuit DC (see FIG. 19).

<< Detection area 241 >>
The detection area 241 includes a control line CL (g) and a detection signal line ML (h).

The control line CL (g) has a function of supplying a control signal, and the detection signal line ML (h) has a function of supplying a detection signal.

<< Sensing element 775 (g, h) >>
The detection element 775 (g, h) is electrically connected to the control line CL (g) and the detection signal line ML (h).

The detection element 775 (g, h) has a function of supplying a detection signal that changes based on a distance from a region adjacent to the region overlapping with the pixel 702 (i, j) and a control signal. The sensing element 775 (g, h) includes an electrode C (g) and an electrode M (h).

The electrode C (g) includes a light-transmitting region in a region overlapping with the pixel 702 (i, j), and the electrode C (g) is electrically connected to the control line CL (g).

The electrode M (h) includes a light-transmitting region in a region overlapping with the pixel 702 (i, j), and the electrode M (h) is electrically connected to the detection signal line ML (h). The electrode M (h) is disposed so as to form an electric field between the electrode M (h) and the electrode C (g) that is partly blocked by the proximity of the region overlapping the pixel 702 (i, j).

For example, a conductive film having a light-transmitting property can be used for the electrode C (g) and the detection signal line ML (h). Alternatively, a conductive film including an opening in a region overlapping with the pixel 702 (i, j) can be used for the electrode C (g) and the detection signal line ML (h). Accordingly, it is possible to detect an object close to a region overlapping with the display panel without blocking the display on the display panel. Alternatively, a metal film having higher conductivity than the transparent conductive film can be used for the electrode C (g) and the detection signal line ML (h). Thereby, the thickness of the input / output device can be reduced.

Note that a light-shielding film BM can be used (see FIGS. 20B and 22). The light shielding film BM includes, for example, a region overlapping with the electrode C (g) and the detection signal line ML (h) and is sandwiched between the substrate 770 and the electrode C (g) or the substrate 770 and the detection signal line ML (h). Provide an area. Thereby, the intensity | strength of the external light which the detection element 775 (g, h) reflects can be weakened. As a result, a novel input / output device that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

The detection region 241 includes a group of detection elements 775 (g, 1) to detection elements 775 (g, q) and another group of detection elements 775 (1, h) to detection elements 775 (p, h). (See FIG. 19). Note that g is an integer of 1 to p, h is an integer of 1 to q, and p and q are integers of 1 or more.

The group of sensing elements 775 (g, 1) to 775 (g, q) includes the sensing elements 775 (g, h) and are arranged in the row direction (direction indicated by an arrow R2 in the drawing). Note that the direction indicated by the arrow R2 in FIG. 19 may be the same as or different from the direction indicated by the arrow R1 in FIG.

In addition, another group of the detection elements 775 (1, h) to 775 (p, h) includes the detection elements 775 (g, h), and the column direction (arrow C2 in FIG. 19) intersects the row direction. In the direction indicated by.

The group of sensing elements 775 (g, 1) to 775 (g, q) arranged in the row direction includes an electrode C (g) electrically connected to the control line CL (g) (FIG. 20 (B)).

Another group of the detection elements 775 (1, h) to 775 (p, h) arranged in the column direction has electrodes M (h) electrically connected to the detection signal lines ML (h). Including.

The control line CL (g) includes a conductive film BR (g, h) (see FIGS. 20B, 20C, and 21A). The conductive film BR (g, h) includes a region overlapping with the detection signal line ML (h).

The insulating film 706 includes a region sandwiched between the detection signal line ML (h) and the conductive film BR (g, h). Thereby, short circuit of the detection signal line ML (h) and the conductive film BR (g, h) can be prevented.

<< Oscillation circuit OSC >>
The oscillation circuit OSC is electrically connected to the control line CL (g) and has a function of supplying a control signal. For example, a rectangular wave, a sawtooth wave, a triangular wave, or the like can be used as the control signal.

<< Detection circuit DC >>
The detection circuit DC is electrically connected to the detection signal line ML (h) and has a function of supplying a detection signal based on a change in potential of the detection signal line ML (h). The detection signal includes, for example, position information P1.

<< Display unit 230 >>
For example, the display panel described in Embodiment 1 can be used for the display portion 230. Alternatively, the display device described in Embodiment 2 can be used for the display portion 230.

By the way, part of light emitted from the second display element 550 (i, j) may be reflected by the control line CL (g), the electrode 752, or the like after passing through the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material. is there. For example, reflection may be repeated between the electrode 752 and the electrode 751 (i, j). Alternatively, reflection may be repeated between the substrate 770 and the electrode 751 (i, j). Thereby, the light which the 2nd display element inject | emits can display image information like indirect illumination. Alternatively, the second display element can display softly.

<< Input / output panel 700TP2 >>
The input / output panel 700TP2 is different from the display panel 700 described in Embodiment 1, for example, in that the functional layer 720 has a different structure and has a top-gate transistor. Here, different portions will be described in detail, and the above description will be applied to portions that can use the same configuration.

<< Functional layer 720 >>
The functional layer 720 includes a region sandwiched between the substrate 770 and the insulating film 501C. The functional layer 720 includes a light shielding film BM, an insulating film 771, a coloring film CF1, a control line CL (g), a detection signal line ML (h), and a detection element 775 (g, h) ( (See FIG. 21A or FIG. 22).

Note that an interval of 0.2 μm to 16 μm, preferably 1 μm to 8 μm, more preferably 2.5 μm to 4 μm, is provided between the control line CL (g) and the electrode 752 or the detection signal line ML (h). And between the electrode 752. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the influence of the control signal or the detection signal on the display state of the first display element.

<< Conductive film 511D >>
Further, the input / output panel 700TP2 described in this embodiment includes a conductive film 511D (see FIG. 22).

Note that a conductive material CP or the like is provided between the control line CL (g) and the conductive film 511D so that the control line CL (g) and the conductive film 511D can be electrically connected. Alternatively, a conductive material CP or the like can be provided between the detection signal line ML (h) and the conductive film 511D so that the detection signal line ML (h) and the conductive film 511D can be electrically connected. For example, a material that can be used for a wiring or the like can be used for the conductive film 511D.

<< Terminal 519D >>
In addition, the input / output panel 700TP2 described in this embodiment includes a terminal 519D. The terminal 519D is electrically connected to the conductive film 511D.

For example, a material that can be used for wiring or the like can be used for the terminal 519D. Specifically, the same structure as the terminal 519B or the terminal 519C can be used for the terminal 519D (see FIG. 22).

For example, the terminal 519D and the flexible printed circuit board FPC2 can be electrically connected using the conductive material ACF2. Thereby, for example, the control signal can be supplied to the control line CL (g) using the terminal 519D. Alternatively, the detection signal can be supplied from the detection signal line ML (h) using the terminal 519D.

<< Switch SW1, Transistor M, Transistor MD >>
A transistor that can be used for the switch SW1, the transistor M and the transistor MD includes a conductive film 504 including a region overlapping with the insulating film 501C and a semiconductor film 508 including a region sandwiched between the insulating film 501C and the conductive film 504. Prepare. Note that the conductive film 504 has a function of a gate electrode (see FIG. 21B).

The semiconductor film 508 includes a first region 508A and a second region 508B that do not overlap with the conductive film 504, and a third region 508C that overlaps with the conductive film 504 between the first region 508A and the second region 508B; Is provided.

The transistor MD includes an insulating film 506 between the third region 508C and the conductive film 504. Note that the insulating film 506 functions as a gate insulating film.

The first region 508A and the second region 508B have a lower resistivity than the third region 508C and have a function of a source region or a function of a drain region.

For example, the first region 508A and the second region 508B can be formed in the semiconductor film 508 by performing plasma treatment using a gas containing a rare gas on the oxide semiconductor film.

For example, the conductive film 504 can be used as a mask. Accordingly, the shape of part of the third region 508C can be self-aligned with the shape of the end portion of the conductive film 504.

The transistor MD includes a conductive film 512A in contact with the first region 508A and a conductive film 512B in contact with the second region 508B. The

conductive films

512A and 512B have a function of a source electrode or a drain electrode.

For example, a transistor that can be formed in the same process as the transistor MD can be used as the transistor M.

<Configuration example of input / output panel 2. >
The structure of the input / output panel of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 27 illustrates a structure of the input / output panel of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view of a pixel included in the input / output panel.

FIG. 28 illustrates a structure of the input / output panel of one embodiment of the present invention. 28A is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the functional film of the input / output panel illustrated in FIG. 27, FIG. 28B is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the input unit, and FIG. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure of a 2nd unit, FIG.28 (D) is sectional drawing explaining the structure of a 1st unit.

The input / output panel 700TP3 described in this configuration example includes a pixel 702 (i, j) (see FIG. 27). The input / output panel 700TP3 includes a first unit 10, a second unit 20, an input unit 30, and a functional film 770P (see FIG. 28). The first unit 10 includes a functional layer 520, and the second unit 20 includes a functional layer 720.

<< Pixel 702 (i, j) >>
The pixel 702 (i, j) includes a part of the functional layer 520, a first display element 750 (i, j), and a second display element 550 (i, j) (see FIG. 27). .

The functional layer 520 includes a first conductive film, a second conductive film, an insulating film 501C, and a pixel circuit 530 (i, j). Note that the pixel circuit 530 (i, j) (not shown) includes, for example, a transistor M. The functional layer 520 includes an optical element 560, a coating film 565, and a lens 580. The functional layer 520 includes an insulating film 528 and an insulating film 521. A material in which the insulating

films

521A and 521B are stacked can be used for the insulating film 521.

For example, a material having a refractive index of about 1.55 can be used for the insulating film 521A or the insulating film 521B. Alternatively, a material with a refractive index of about 1.6 can be used for the insulating film 521A or the insulating film 521B. Alternatively, acrylic resin or polyimide can be used for the insulating film 521A or the insulating film 521B.

The insulating film 501C includes a region sandwiched between the first conductive film and the second conductive film, and the insulating film 501C includes an opening 591A.

The first conductive film is electrically connected to the first display element 750 (i, j). Specifically, it is electrically connected to the electrode 751 (i, j) of the first display element 750 (i, j). Note that the electrode 751 (i, j) can be used for the first conductive film.

The second conductive film includes a region overlapping with the first conductive film. The second conductive film is electrically connected to the first conductive film in the opening 591A. For example, the conductive film 512B can be used for the second conductive film. The second conductive film is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 530 (i, j). For example, a conductive film functioning as a source electrode or a drain electrode of a transistor used for the switch SW1 of the pixel circuit 530 (i, j) can be used for the second conductive film. By the way, the first conductive film electrically connected to the second conductive film in the opening 591A provided in the insulating film 501C can be referred to as a through electrode.

The second display element 550 (i, j) is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 530 (i, j). The second display element 550 (i, j) has a function of emitting light toward the functional layer 520. The second display element 550 (i, j) has a function of emitting light toward the lens 580 or the optical element 560, for example.

The second display element 550 (i, j) can visually recognize the display using the second display element in a part of the range where the display using the first display element 750 (i, j) can be visually recognized. It is arranged. For example, a shape including a region 751H that does not block light emitted from the second display element 550 (i, j) is used for the electrode 751 (i, j) of the first display element 750 (i, j). The direction in which the external light is incident and reflected on the first display element 750 (i, j) that displays the image information by controlling the intensity of reflecting the external light is shown in the drawing by using a broken arrow. Further, the direction in which the second display element 550 (i, j) emits light in a part of the range where the display using the first display element 750 (i, j) can be visually recognized is indicated by a solid line arrow. Shown in the figure.

Thereby, the display using the 2nd display element can be visually recognized in a part of field which can visually recognize the display using the 1st display element. Alternatively, the user can visually recognize the display without changing the posture of the input / output panel. Alternatively, the object color expressed by the light reflected by the first display element can be multiplied by the light source color expressed by the light emitted by the second display element. Alternatively, a pictorial display can be performed using the object color and the light source color. As a result, a novel input / output panel that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

For example, the first display element 750 (i, j) includes an electrode 751 (i, j), an electrode 752, and a layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material. In addition, an alignment film AF1 and an alignment film AF2 are provided. Specifically, a reflective liquid crystal element can be used for the first display element 750 (i, j).

For example, a transparent conductive film having a refractive index of about 2.0 can be used for the electrode 752 or the electrode 751 (i, j). Specifically, an oxide containing indium, tin, and silicon can be used for the electrode 752 or the electrode 751 (i, j). Alternatively, a material having a refractive index of about 1.6 can be used for the alignment film.

For example, the second display element 550 (i, j) includes an electrode 551 (i, j), an electrode 552, and a layer 553 (j) containing a light-emitting material. The electrode 552 includes a region overlapping with the electrode 551 (i, j). The layer 553 (j) containing a light-emitting material includes a region sandwiched between the electrode 551 (i, j) and the electrode 552. The electrode 551 (i, j) is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 530 (i, j) at the connection portion 522. Specifically, an organic EL element can be used for the second display element 550 (i, j).

For example, a transparent conductive film having a refractive index of about 2.0 can be used for the electrode 551 (i, j). Specifically, an oxide containing indium, tin, and silicon can be used for the electrode 551 (i, j). Alternatively, a material having a refractive index of about 1.8 can be used for the layer 553 (j) containing a light-emitting material.

The optical element 560 has translucency, and the optical element 560 includes a first region, a second region, and a third region.

The first region includes a region to which visible light is supplied from the second display element 550 (i, j), the second region includes a region in contact with the coating film 565, and the third region is visible light. A function to inject a part is provided. The third region has an area equal to or smaller than the area of the first region to which visible light is supplied.

The coating film 565 has reflectivity with respect to visible light, and the coating film 565 has a function of reflecting part of visible light and supplying it to the third region.

For example, a metal can be used for the coating film 565. Specifically, a material containing silver can be used for the coating film 565. For example, a material containing silver, palladium, or the like, or a material containing silver, copper, or the like can be used for the coating film 565.

<< Functional layer 720 >>
The functional layer 720 includes a region sandwiched between the substrate 770 and the insulating film 501C. The functional layer 720 includes an insulating film 771 and a colored film CF1.

The insulating film 771 includes a region sandwiched between the coloring film CF1 and the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material. Thereby, the unevenness | corrugation based on the thickness of colored film CF1 can be made flat. Alternatively, diffusion of impurities from the coloring film CF1 or the like to the layer 753 containing a liquid crystal material can be suppressed.

For example, an acrylic resin having a refractive index of about 1.55 can be used for the insulating film 771.

<< Substrate 570, Substrate 770 >>
The input / output panel described in this embodiment includes a substrate 570 and a substrate 770.

For example, a resin material having a refractive index of about 1.5 can be used for the substrate 770.

<< Junction Layer 505 >>
In addition, the input / output panel described in this embodiment includes a bonding layer 505.

<< Structure KB1, Structure KB2 >>
The input / output panel described in this embodiment includes a structure KB1 and a structure KB2.

The structure KB1 has a function of providing a predetermined gap between the functional layer 520 and the substrate 770. The structure KB1 includes a region overlapping with the region 751H, and the structure KB1 has a light-transmitting property. Thereby, the light emitted by the second display element 550 (i, j) can be supplied to one surface and emitted from the other surface.

In addition, the structure KB1 includes a region overlapping with the optical element 560. For example, a material selected so that the difference from the refractive index of the material used for the optical element 560 is 0.2 or less is used for the structure KB1. Thereby, the light which a 2nd display element inject | emits can be utilized efficiently. Alternatively, the area of the second display element can be increased. Or the density of the electric current sent through an organic EL element can be lowered | hung.

The structure KB2 has a function of controlling the thickness of the polarizing layer 770PB to a predetermined thickness. The structure KB2 includes a region overlapping with the second display element 550 (i, j), and the structure KB2 has a light-transmitting property.

Alternatively, a material that transmits light of a predetermined color can be used for the structure KB1 or the structure KB2. Thereby, the structure KB1 or the structure KB2 can be used for a color filter, for example. For example, a material that transmits blue, green, or red light can be used for the structure KB1 or the structure KB2. A material that transmits yellow light, white light, or the like can be used for the structure KB1 or the structure KB2.

Specifically, polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, polysiloxane, acrylic resin, or the like, or a composite material of a plurality of resins selected from these can be used for the structure KB1 or the structure KB2. Alternatively, a material having photosensitivity may be used.

For example, an acrylic resin having a refractive index of about 1.5 can be used for the structure KB1. An acrylic resin having a refractive index of about 1.55 can be used for the structure KB2.

<< Input unit 30 >>
The input unit 30 includes a detection element. The detection element has a function of detecting an element close to a region overlapping with the pixel 702 (i, j). Accordingly, position information can be input using a finger or the like that is brought close to the display unit as a pointer.

For example, a capacitive proximity sensor, an electromagnetic induction proximity sensor, an optical proximity sensor, a resistive proximity sensor, or a surface acoustic wave proximity sensor can be used for the input unit 30. Specifically, a proximity sensor of a surface type capacitance method, a projection type capacitance method, or an infrared detection type can be used.

For example, a touch sensor having a refractive index near 1.6 including a capacitive proximity sensor can be used for the input unit 30.

<< Functional film 770D, functional film 770P, etc. >>
The input / output panel 700TP3 described in this embodiment includes a functional film 770D and a functional film 770P.

The functional film 770D includes a region overlapping with the first display element 750 (i, j). The functional film 770D includes a region that sandwiches the first display element 750 (i, j) between the functional layer 520 and the functional layer 520D.

For example, a light diffusion film can be used for the functional film 770D. Specifically, a material having a columnar structure including an axis along a direction intersecting the surface of the base material can be used for the functional film 770D. Thereby, light can be easily transmitted in a direction along the axis and can be easily scattered in other directions. Alternatively, for example, light reflected by the first display element 750 (i, j) can be diffused.

The functional film 770P includes the polarizing layer 770PB, the retardation film 770PA, or the structure KB2. The polarizing layer 770PB includes an opening, and the retardation film 770PA includes a region overlapping with the polarizing layer 770PB. The structure KB2 is provided in the opening.

For example, a dichroic dye, a liquid crystal material, and a resin can be used for the polarizing layer 770PB. The polarizing layer 770PB has polarizing properties. Accordingly, the functional film 770P can be used for the polarizing plate.

The polarizing layer 770PB includes a region overlapping with the first display element 750 (i, j), and the structure KB2 includes a region overlapping with the second display element 550 (i, j). Accordingly, the liquid crystal element can be used for the first display element. For example, a reflective liquid crystal element can be used for the first display element. Alternatively, light emitted from the second display element can be extracted efficiently. Or the density of the electric current sent through an organic EL element can be lowered | hung. Or the reliability of an organic EL element can be improved.

For example, an antireflection film, a polarizing film, or a retardation film can be used for the functional film 770P. Specifically, a film containing a dichroic dye and a retardation film can be used for the functional film 770P.

For example, a material having a refractive index near 1.6 can be used for the diffusion film. Further, a material having a refractive index of about 1.6 can be used for the retardation film 770PA.

(Embodiment 4)
In this embodiment, a structure of an information processing device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 23A is a block diagram illustrating a structure of an information processing device of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 23B and FIG. 23C are projection views for explaining an example of the appearance of the information processing apparatus 200.

FIG. 24 is a flowchart illustrating a program of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 24A is a flowchart for describing main processing of the program of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 24B is a flowchart for describing interrupt processing.

FIG. 25 is a flowchart illustrating a program interrupt process according to one embodiment of the present invention.

<Configuration example 1 of information processing apparatus>>
The information processing device 200 described in this embodiment includes an input / output device 220 and an arithmetic device 210 (see FIG. 23A). The input / output device is electrically connected to the arithmetic device 210. Further, the information processing device 200 can include a housing (see FIG. 23B or FIG. 23C).

The input / output device 220 includes a display portion 230 and an input portion 240 (see FIG. 23A). The input / output device 220 includes a detection unit 250. In addition, the input / output device 220 can include a communication unit 290.

The input / output device 220 has a function of supplying image information V1 or control information SS, and a function of supplying position information P1 or detection information S1.

The arithmetic device 210 has a function of supplying the position information P1 or the detection information S1. The arithmetic device 210 has a function of supplying image information V1. The arithmetic device 210 has a function of operating based on the position information P1 or the detection information S1, for example.

Note that the housing has a function of housing the input / output device 220 or the arithmetic device 210. Alternatively, the housing has a function of supporting the display unit 230 or the arithmetic device 210.

The display unit 230 has a function of displaying an image based on the image information V1. The display unit 230 has a function of displaying an image based on the control information SS.

The input unit 240 has a function of supplying the position information P1.

The detection unit 250 has a function of supplying the detection information S1. For example, the detection unit 250 has a function of detecting the illuminance of an environment where the information processing apparatus 200 is used, and a function of supplying illuminance information.

Thereby, the information processing apparatus can operate by grasping the intensity of light received by the casing of the information processing apparatus in an environment where the information processing apparatus is used. Alternatively, the user of the information processing apparatus can select a display method. Specifically, a display method using the first display element can be selected, and for example, power consumption can be suppressed. Alternatively, a method using the second display element is selected, and for example, display can be performed in a dark place. Alternatively, a method of using the first display element 750 (i, j) and the second display element 550 (i, j) for display is selected, and for example, a comfortable display according to the user's preference is displayed. Can do. As a result, a novel information processing apparatus that is highly convenient or reliable can be provided.

Below, each element which comprises information processing apparatus is demonstrated. Note that these configurations cannot be clearly separated, and one configuration may serve as another configuration or may include a part of another configuration. For example, a touch panel in which a touch sensor is superimposed on a display panel is not only a display unit but also an input unit.

<Configuration example>
The information processing device 200 of one embodiment of the present invention includes a housing or the arithmetic device 210.

The computing device 210 includes a computing unit 211, a storage unit 212, a transmission path 214, and an input / output interface 215.

Further, the information processing device of one embodiment of the present invention includes the input / output device 220.

The input / output device 220 includes a display unit 230, an input unit 240, a detection unit 250, and a communication unit 290.

《Information processing device》
The information processing device of one embodiment of the present invention includes the arithmetic device 210 or the input / output device 220.

<< Calculation device 210 >>
The calculation device 210 includes a calculation unit 211 and a storage unit 212. A transmission path 214 and an input / output interface 215 are provided.

<< Calculation unit 211 >>
The calculation unit 211 has a function of executing a program, for example.

<< Storage unit 212 >>
The storage unit 212 has a function of storing, for example, a program executed by the calculation unit 211, initial information, setting information, or an image.

Specifically, a hard disk, a flash memory, a memory including a transistor including an oxide semiconductor, or the like can be used.

<< Input / output interface 215, transmission path 214 >>
The input / output interface 215 includes a terminal or a wiring, and has a function of supplying information and receiving information. For example, the transmission line 214 can be electrically connected. Further, the input / output device 220 can be electrically connected.

The transmission path 214 includes wiring, supplies information, and has a function of being supplied with information. For example, the input / output interface 215 can be electrically connected. Further, it can be electrically connected to the calculation unit 211, the storage unit 212, or the input / output interface 215.

<< Input / output device 220 >>
The input / output device 220 includes a display unit 230, an input unit 240, a detection unit 250, or a communication unit 290. For example, the input / output device described in Embodiment 3 can be used. Thereby, power consumption can be reduced.

<< Display unit 230 >>
The display portion 230 includes a control portion 238, a drive circuit GD, a drive circuit SD, and a display panel 700 (see FIG. 15A). For example, the display device described in Embodiment 2 can be used for the display portion 230.

<Input unit 240>
Various human interfaces or the like can be used for the input unit 240 (see FIG. 23).

For example, a keyboard, mouse, touch sensor, microphone, camera, or the like can be used for the input unit 240. Note that a touch sensor including a region overlapping with the display portion 230 can be used. An input / output device including a touch sensor including a display unit 230 and a region overlapping with the display unit 230 can be referred to as a touch panel or a touch screen.

For example, the user can make various gestures (tap, drag, swipe, pinch in, etc.) using a finger touching the touch panel as a pointer.

For example, the computing device 210 may analyze information such as the position or trajectory of a finger that touches the touch panel, and a specific gesture may be supplied when the analysis result satisfies a predetermined condition. Accordingly, the user can supply a predetermined operation command associated with the predetermined gesture in advance using the gesture.

For example, the user can supply a “scroll command” for changing the display position of the image information using a gesture for moving a finger that touches the touch panel along the touch panel.

<< Detection unit 250 >>
The detection unit 250 has a function of detecting surrounding conditions and supplying detection information. Specifically, illuminance information, posture information, pressure information, position information, and the like can be supplied.

For example, a light detector, an attitude detector, an acceleration sensor, an orientation sensor, a GPS (Global positioning System) signal receiving circuit, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a camera, or the like can be used for the detection unit 250.

<< Communication unit 290 >>
The communication unit 290 has a function of supplying information to the network and acquiring information from the network.

"program"
The program of one embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps (see FIG. 24A).

[First step]
In the first step, settings are initialized (see FIGS. 24A and S1).

For example, predetermined image information to be displayed at startup, a predetermined mode for displaying the image information, and information for specifying a predetermined display method for displaying the image information are acquired from the storage unit 212. Specifically, one still image information or other moving image information can be used as predetermined image information. Further, the first mode or the second mode can be used as a predetermined mode. Further, the first display method, the second display method, or the third display method can be used as a predetermined display method.

[Second step]
In the second step, interrupt processing is permitted (see FIGS. 24A and S2). Note that an arithmetic unit that is permitted to perform interrupt processing can perform interrupt processing in parallel with main processing. The arithmetic unit that has returned to the main process from the interrupt process can reflect the result obtained by the interrupt process to the main process.

Note that when the counter value is an initial value, the arithmetic unit performs interrupt processing, and when returning from the interrupt processing, the counter may be set to a value other than the initial value. As a result, interrupt processing can always be performed after the program is started.

[Third step]
In the third step, the image information is displayed using the predetermined mode or the predetermined display method selected in the first step or the interruption process (see FIGS. 24A and S3). The predetermined mode specifies a mode for displaying information, and the predetermined display method specifies a method for displaying image information. Further, for example, the image information V1, the information V11, or the information V12 can be used as information to be displayed.

For example, one method for displaying the image information V1 can be associated with the first mode. Alternatively, another method for displaying the image information V1 can be associated with the second mode. Thereby, a display method can be selected based on the selected mode.

For example, three different methods for displaying the image information V1 can be associated with the first display method to the third display method. Thereby, it is possible to display based on the selected display method.

<First mode>
Specifically, a method of supplying a selection signal to one scanning line at a frequency of 30 Hz or more, preferably 60 Hz or more, and displaying based on the selection signal can be associated with the first mode.

For example, when the selection signal is supplied at a frequency of 30 Hz or higher, preferably 60 Hz or higher, the motion of the moving image can be displayed smoothly.

For example, when an image is updated at a frequency of 30 Hz or higher, preferably 60 Hz or higher, an image that changes so as to smoothly follow the user's operation can be displayed on the information processing apparatus 200 being operated by the user.

<< Second mode >>
Specifically, a method of supplying a selection signal to one scanning line at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, more preferably less than once per minute, and performing display based on the selection signal is described in the second mode. Can be associated with

When the selection signal is supplied at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, more preferably less than once per minute, a display in which flicker or flicker is suppressed can be displayed. In addition, power consumption can be reduced.

For example, when the information processing apparatus 200 is used for a clock, the display can be updated at a frequency of once per second or a frequency of once per minute.

By the way, for example, when a light-emitting element is used for the second display element, the light-emitting element can emit light in a pulse shape to display image information. Specifically, the organic EL element can emit light in a pulse shape, and the afterglow can be used for display. Since the organic EL element has excellent frequency characteristics, there are cases where the time for driving the light emitting element can be shortened and the power consumption can be reduced. Alternatively, heat generation is suppressed, so that deterioration of the light-emitting element can be reduced in some cases.

<< First display method >>
Specifically, a method using the first display element 750 (i, j) for display can be used for the first display method. Thereby, for example, power consumption can be reduced. Alternatively, the image information can be favorably displayed with high contrast in a bright environment.

<< Second display method >>
Specifically, a method using the second display element 550 (i, j) for display can be used for the second display method. Thereby, for example, an image can be favorably displayed in a dark environment. Alternatively, a photograph or the like can be displayed with good color reproducibility. Alternatively, a fast moving video can be displayed smoothly.

In addition, when displaying the image information V1 using the 2nd display element 550 (i, j), the brightness which displays the image information V1 can be determined based on illumination intensity information. For example, when the illuminance is 5,000 lux or more and less than 100,000 lux, the image information V1 is displayed using the second display element 550 (i, j) so that it is brighter than when the illuminance is less than 5,000 lux.

<< Third display method >>
Specifically, a method in which the first display element 750 (i, j) and the second display element 550 (i, j) are used for display can be used in the third display method. Thereby, power consumption can be reduced. Alternatively, an image can be favorably displayed in a dark environment. Alternatively, a photograph or the like can be displayed with good color reproducibility. Alternatively, a fast moving video can be displayed smoothly. Or the display which a user feels comfortable can be performed.

By the way, a function of adjusting display brightness by using the first display element 750 (i, j) and the second display element 550 (i, j) for display can be referred to as a dimming function. For example, the brightness of a reflective display element can be supplemented by using a display element having a function of emitting light.

In addition, a function of adjusting the display color by using the first display element 750 (i, j) and the second display element 550 (i, j) for display can be referred to as a toning function. For example, the color of the reflective display element can be changed using a display element having a function of emitting light. Specifically, the yellowish hue displayed by the reflective liquid crystal element can be made closer to white using a blue organic EL element. Thereby, for example, the character information can be displayed like characters printed on plain paper. Alternatively, a display that is easy on the eyes can be displayed.

In addition, when the first display element 750 (i, j) and the second display element 550 (i, j) are used for display, the color reflected by the object and the color emitted by the object are multiplied. Thereby, a pictorial display can be performed.

Note that the brightness of the image information V1 displayed using the second display element 550 (i, j), which is displayed by being superimposed on the image information V1 displayed using the first display element 750 (i, j), is set. It can be determined according to illuminance information and user preference. Thereby, the display which a user feels comfortable can be performed.

[Fourth step]
In the fourth step, if the end command is supplied, the process proceeds to the fifth step, and if the end command is not supplied, the process proceeds to the third step (see FIGS. 24A and S4). ).

For example, an end command supplied in the interrupt process may be used for determination.

[Fifth step]
In the fifth step, the process ends (see FIGS. 24A and S5).

<Interrupt processing>
The interrupt process includes the following sixth to eighth steps (see FIG. 24B).

[Sixth Step]
In the sixth step, for example, the detection unit 250 is used to detect the illuminance of the environment in which the information processing apparatus 200 is used (see FIGS. 24B and S6). Note that the color temperature or chromaticity of the ambient light may be detected instead of the illuminance of the environment.

[Seventh Step]
In the seventh step, a display method is determined based on the detected illuminance information. For example, when the illuminance is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the first display method is determined, and when the illuminance is lower than the predetermined value, the second display method is determined. Alternatively, when the illuminance is in a predetermined range, the third display method may be determined (see FIGS. 24B and S7).

Specifically, when the illuminance is 100,000 lux or more, the first display method is determined. When the illuminance is less than 5,000 lux, the second display method is determined, and the illuminance is less than 100,000 lux. In the above case, the third display method may be determined.

When the color temperature of ambient light or the chromaticity of ambient light is detected in the sixth step, the display color is adjusted using the second display element 550 (i, j) in the third display method. You may adjust.

Further, for example, when the first display method is used, the first status control information SS is supplied, and when the second display method is used, the second status control information SS is supplied, and the third status control information SS is supplied. When the display method is used, the control information SS of the third status is supplied.

[Eighth step]
In the eighth step, the interrupt process is terminated (see FIGS. 24B and S8).

<Configuration example 2 of information processing apparatus>>
Another structure of the information processing device of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 25 is a flowchart illustrating a program of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 25 is a flowchart for explaining interrupt processing different from the interrupt processing shown in FIG.

The configuration example 2 of the information processing device is different from the interrupt processing described with reference to FIG. 24B in that the interrupt processing includes a step of changing the mode based on the supplied predetermined event. . Here, different portions will be described in detail, and the above description will be applied to portions that can use the same configuration.

<Interrupt processing>
The interrupt process includes the following sixth to eighth steps (see FIG. 25).

[Sixth Step]
In the sixth step, when a predetermined event is supplied, the process proceeds to a seventh step, and when the predetermined event is not supplied, the process proceeds to an eighth step (see FIG. 25 (U6)). For example, it can be used as a condition whether or not a predetermined event is supplied during a predetermined period. Specifically, the predetermined period can be a period of 5 seconds or less, 1 second or less, or 0.5 seconds or less, preferably 0.1 seconds or less and longer than 0 seconds.

[Seventh Step]
In the seventh step, the mode is changed (see FIG. 25 (U7)). Specifically, when the first mode is selected, the second mode is selected, and when the second mode is selected, the first mode is selected.

[Eighth step]
In the eighth step, the interrupt process is terminated (see FIG. 25 (U8)). Note that interrupt processing may be repeatedly executed during a period in which main processing is being executed.

《Predetermined event》
For example, an event such as “click” or “drag” supplied using a pointing device such as a mouse, an event such as “tap”, “drag” or “swipe” supplied to a touch panel using a finger or the like as a pointer Can be used.

Further, for example, an argument of a command associated with a predetermined event can be given using the position of the slide bar pointed to by the pointer, the swipe speed, the drag speed, or the like.

For example, the information detected by the detection unit 250 can be compared with a preset threshold value, and the comparison result can be used as an event.

Specifically, a pressure-sensitive detector or the like that contacts a button or the like that can be pushed into the housing can be used for the detection unit 250.

《Instructions related to predetermined events》
For example, an end instruction can be associated with a particular event.

For example, a “page turning command” for switching display from one displayed image information to another image information can be associated with a predetermined event. Note that an argument that determines a page turning speed used when executing the “page turning instruction” can be given using a predetermined event.

For example, a “scroll command” for moving the display position of a part of one image information displayed to display another part continuous to the part can be associated with a predetermined event. It should be noted that an argument that determines the speed of moving the display position used when executing the “scroll command” can be given using a predetermined event.

For example, a command for setting a display method or a command for generating image information can be associated with a predetermined event. An argument that determines the brightness of the image to be generated can be associated with a predetermined event. Further, an argument for determining the brightness of the image to be generated may be determined based on the brightness of the environment detected by the detection unit 250.

For example, a command for acquiring information distributed using a push-type service using the communication unit 290 can be associated with a predetermined event.

In addition, you may determine the presence or absence of the qualification to acquire information using the positional information which the detection part 250 detects. Specifically, when a user is inside or in a specific classroom, school, conference room, company, building, etc., it may be determined that he / she is qualified to acquire information. Thus, for example, the teaching material distributed in a classroom such as a school or a university can be received and the information processing apparatus 200 can be used as a textbook (see FIG. 23C). Alternatively, a material distributed in a conference room of a company or the like can be received and used as a conference material.

(Embodiment 5)
In this embodiment, an electronic device including the information processing device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIGS. 26A to 26G illustrate electronic devices. These electronic devices include a housing 5000, a display portion 5001, a speaker 5003, an LED lamp 5004, operation keys 5005 (including a power switch or operation switch), a connection terminal 5006, a sensor 5007 (force, displacement, position, speed, Measure acceleration, angular velocity, number of rotations, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage, power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, vibration, smell or infrared A microphone 5008, and the like.

FIG. 26A illustrates a mobile computer which can include a switch 5009, an infrared port 5010, and the like in addition to the above components. FIG. 26B illustrates a portable image reproducing device (eg, a DVD reproducing device) provided with a recording medium, which includes a second display portion 5002, a recording medium reading portion 5011, and the like in addition to the above components. it can. FIG. 26C illustrates a goggle type display which can include a second display portion 5002, a support portion 5012, an earphone 5013, and the like in addition to the above components. FIG. 26D illustrates a portable game machine that can include the memory medium reading portion 5011 and the like in addition to the above objects. FIG. 26E illustrates a digital camera with a television receiving function, which can include an antenna 5014, a shutter button 5015, an image receiving portion 5016, and the like in addition to the above objects. FIG. 26F illustrates a portable game machine that can include the second display portion 5002, the recording medium reading portion 5011, and the like in addition to the above objects. FIG. 26G illustrates a portable television receiver that can include a charger 5017 and the like capable of transmitting and receiving signals in addition to the above components.

The electronic devices illustrated in FIGS. 26A to 26G can have a variety of functions. For example, a function for displaying various information (still images, moving images, text images, etc.) on the display unit, a touch panel function, a function for displaying a calendar, date or time, etc., a function for controlling processing by various software (programs) , Wireless communication function, function to connect to various computer networks using wireless communication function, function to transmit or receive various data using wireless communication function, read program or data recorded in recording medium A function of displaying on the display portion can be provided. Further, in an electronic device having a plurality of display units, one display unit mainly displays image information and another one display unit mainly displays character information, or the plurality of display units consider parallax. It is possible to have a function of displaying a three-dimensional image, etc. by displaying the obtained image. Furthermore, in an electronic device having an image receiving unit, a function for capturing a still image, a function for capturing a moving image, a function for correcting a captured image automatically or manually, and a captured image on a recording medium (externally or incorporated in a camera) A function of saving, a function of displaying a photographed image on a display portion, and the like can be provided. Note that the functions of the electronic devices illustrated in FIGS. 26A to 26G are not limited to these, and can have various functions.

FIG. 26H illustrates a smart watch, which includes a housing 7302, a display panel 7304,

operation buttons

7311 and 7312, a connection terminal 7313, a band 7321, a clasp 7322, and the like.

A display panel 7304 mounted on a housing 7302 also serving as a bezel portion has a non-rectangular display region. Note that the display panel 7304 may have a rectangular display region. The display panel 7304 can display an icon 7305 indicating time, another icon 7306, and the like.

Note that the smart watch illustrated in FIG. 26H can have a variety of functions. For example, a function for displaying various information (still images, moving images, text images, etc.) on the display unit, a touch panel function, a function for displaying a calendar, date or time, etc., a function for controlling processing by various software (programs) , Wireless communication function, function to connect to various computer networks using wireless communication function, function to transmit or receive various data using wireless communication function, read program or data recorded in recording medium A function of displaying on the display portion can be provided.

In addition, a speaker, a sensor (force, displacement, position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, rotation speed, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current are included in the housing 7302. , Voltage, power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, vibration, odor or infrared measurement function), microphone, and the like. Note that a smart watch can be manufactured by using a light-emitting element for the display panel 7304.

(Embodiment 6)
In this embodiment, the structure of the input / output module of one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the input / output module. FIG. 29A is an exploded view illustrating the structure of the input / output module of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 29B is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the input / output module of one embodiment of the present invention. .

The display module 6000 includes a display panel 6006, a frame 6009, a printed board 6010, and a battery 6011 which are connected to the FPC 6005 between the upper cover 6001 and the lower cover 6002 (see FIG. 29A).

For example, a display device manufactured using one embodiment of the present invention can be used for the display panel 6006. Thereby, a display module can be manufactured with a high yield.

The shapes and dimensions of the upper cover 6001 and the lower cover 6002 can be changed as appropriate in accordance with the size of the display panel 6006.

Further, a touch panel may be provided over the display panel 6006. As the touch panel, a resistive film type or capacitive type touch panel can be used by being superimposed on the display panel 6006. Further, without providing a touch panel, the display panel 6006 can have a touch panel function.

The frame 6009 has a function as an electromagnetic shield for blocking electromagnetic waves generated by the operation of the printed board 6010 in addition to a protective function of the display panel 6006. The frame 6009 may function as a heat sink.

The printed board 6010 includes a power supply circuit, a signal processing circuit for outputting a video signal and a clock signal. The power source for supplying power to the power supply circuit may be an external commercial power source or a power source by a battery 6011 provided separately. The battery 6011 can be omitted when a commercial power source is used.

The display module 6000 may be additionally provided with a member such as a polarizing plate, a retardation plate, or a prism sheet.

FIG. 29B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display module 6000 including an optical touch sensor.

The display module 6000 includes a light emitting unit 6015 and a light receiving unit 6016 provided on the printed board 6010. Further, a region surrounded by the upper cover 6001 and the lower cover 6002 has a pair of light guide portions (light guide portion 6017a and light guide portion 6017b).

For the upper cover 6001 and the lower cover 6002, for example, plastic can be used. Further, the upper cover 6001 and the lower cover 6002 can each be thin (for example, 0.5 mm to 5 mm). Therefore, the display module 6000 can be made extremely light. Further, since the upper cover 6001 and the lower cover 6002 can be manufactured with a small amount of material, manufacturing cost can be reduced.

The display panel 6006 is provided so as to overlap the printed circuit board 6010 and the battery 6011 with a frame 6009 interposed therebetween. The display panel 6006 and the frame 6009 are fixed to the light guide unit 6017a and the light guide unit 6017b.

Light 6018 emitted from the light emitting unit 6015 passes through the upper part of the display panel 6006 by the light guide unit 6017a and reaches the light receiving unit 6016 through the light guide unit 6017b. For example, the touch operation can be detected by blocking the light 6018 by a detection target such as a finger or a stylus.

For example, a plurality of light emitting units 6015 are provided along two adjacent sides of the display panel 6006. A plurality of light receiving portions 6016 are provided at positions facing the light emitting portion 6015 with the display panel 6006 interposed therebetween. Thereby, the information on the position where the touch operation is performed can be acquired.

For the light emitting unit 6015, for example, a light source such as an LED element can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use a light source that emits infrared rays that are not visually recognized by the user and harmless to the user as the light emitting unit 6015.

The light receiving unit 6016 can be a photoelectric element that receives light emitted from the light emitting unit 6015 and converts the light into an electrical signal. Preferably, a photodiode capable of receiving infrared light can be used.

As the light guide portion 6017a and the light guide portion 6017b, a member that transmits at least the light 6018 can be used. By using the light guide unit 6017a and the light guide unit 6017b, the light emitting unit 6015 and the light receiving unit 6016 can be arranged below the display panel 6006, and external light reaches the light receiving unit 6016 and the touch sensor malfunctions. Can be suppressed. In particular, it is preferable to use a resin that absorbs visible light and transmits infrared rays. Thereby, malfunction of a touch sensor can be controlled more effectively.

For example, in this specification and the like, when X and Y are explicitly described as being connected, X and Y are electrically connected, and X and Y are functional. And the case where X and Y are directly connected are disclosed in this specification and the like. Therefore, it is not limited to a predetermined connection relationship, for example, the connection relationship shown in the figure or text, and anything other than the connection relation shown in the figure or text is also described in the figure or text.

Here, X and Y are assumed to be objects (for example, devices, elements, circuits, wirings, electrodes, terminals, conductive films, layers, etc.).

As an example of the case where X and Y are directly connected, an element that enables electrical connection between X and Y (for example, a switch, a transistor, a capacitor, an inductor, a resistor, a diode, a display, etc.) Element, light emitting element, load, etc.) are not connected between X and Y, and elements (for example, switches, transistors, capacitive elements, inductors) that enable electrical connection between X and Y X and Y are not connected via a resistor element, a diode, a display element, a light emitting element, a load, or the like.

As an example of the case where X and Y are electrically connected, an element (for example, a switch, a transistor, a capacitive element, an inductor, a resistance element, a diode, a display, etc.) that enables electrical connection between X and Y is shown. More than one element, light emitting element, load, etc.) can be connected between X and Y. Note that the switch has a function of controlling on / off. That is, the switch is in a conductive state (on state) or a non-conductive state (off state), and has a function of controlling whether or not to pass a current. Alternatively, the switch has a function of selecting and switching a path through which a current flows. Note that the case where X and Y are electrically connected includes the case where X and Y are directly connected.

As an example of the case where X and Y are functionally connected, a circuit (for example, a logic circuit (an inverter, a NAND circuit, a NOR circuit, etc.) that enables a functional connection between X and Y, signal conversion, etc. Circuit (DA conversion circuit, AD conversion circuit, gamma correction circuit, etc.), potential level conversion circuit (power supply circuit (boost circuit, step-down circuit, etc.), level shifter circuit that changes signal potential level, etc.), voltage source, current source, switching Circuit, amplifier circuit (circuit that can increase signal amplitude or current amount, operational amplifier, differential amplifier circuit, source follower circuit, buffer circuit, etc.), signal generation circuit, memory circuit, control circuit, etc.) One or more can be connected between them. As an example, even if another circuit is interposed between X and Y, if the signal output from X is transmitted to Y, X and Y are functionally connected. To do. Note that the case where X and Y are functionally connected includes the case where X and Y are directly connected and the case where X and Y are electrically connected.

In addition, when it is explicitly described that X and Y are electrically connected, a case where X and Y are electrically connected (that is, there is a separate connection between X and Y). And X and Y are functionally connected (that is, they are functionally connected with another circuit between X and Y). And the case where X and Y are directly connected (that is, the case where another element or another circuit is not connected between X and Y). It shall be disclosed in the document. In other words, when it is explicitly described that it is electrically connected, the same contents as when it is explicitly described only that it is connected are disclosed in this specification and the like. It is assumed that

Note that for example, the source (or the first terminal) of the transistor is electrically connected to X through (or not through) Z1, and the drain (or the second terminal or the like) of the transistor is connected to Z2. Through (or without), Y is electrically connected, or the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is directly connected to a part of Z1, and another part of Z1 Is directly connected to X, and the drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is directly connected to a part of Z2, and another part of Z2 is directly connected to Y. Then, it can be expressed as follows.

For example, “X and Y, and the source (or the first terminal or the like) and the drain (or the second terminal or the like) of the transistor are electrically connected to each other. The drain of the transistor (or the second terminal, etc.) and the Y are electrically connected in this order. ” Or “the source (or the first terminal or the like) of the transistor is electrically connected to X, the drain (or the second terminal or the like) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y, and X or the source ( Or the first terminal or the like, the drain of the transistor (or the second terminal, or the like) and Y are electrically connected in this order. Or “X is electrically connected to Y through the source (or the first terminal) and the drain (or the second terminal) of the transistor, and X is the source of the transistor (or the first terminal). Terminal, etc.), the drain of the transistor (or the second terminal, etc.), and Y are provided in this connection order. By using the same expression method as in these examples and defining the order of connection in the circuit configuration, the source (or the first terminal, etc.) and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor are separated. Apart from that, the technical scope can be determined.

Alternatively, as another expression method, for example, “a source (or a first terminal or the like of a transistor) is electrically connected to X through at least a first connection path, and the first connection path is The second connection path does not have a second connection path, and the second connection path includes a transistor source (or first terminal or the like) and a transistor drain (or second terminal or the like) through the transistor. The first connection path is a path through Z1, and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y through at least the third connection path. The third connection path is connected and does not have the second connection path, and the third connection path is a path through Z2. " Or, “the source (or the first terminal or the like) of the transistor is electrically connected to X via Z1 by at least a first connection path, and the first connection path is a second connection path. The second connection path has a connection path through the transistor, and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is at least connected to Z2 by the third connection path. , Y, and the third connection path does not have the second connection path. Or “the source of the transistor (or the first terminal or the like) is electrically connected to X through Z1 by at least a first electrical path, and the first electrical path is a second electrical path Does not have an electrical path, and the second electrical path is an electrical path from the source (or first terminal or the like) of the transistor to the drain (or second terminal or the like) of the transistor; The drain (or the second terminal or the like) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y through Z2 by at least a third electrical path, and the third electrical path is a fourth electrical path. The fourth electrical path is an electrical path from the drain (or second terminal or the like) of the transistor to the source (or first terminal or the like) of the transistor. can do. Using the same expression method as those examples, by defining the connection path in the circuit configuration, the source (or the first terminal or the like) of the transistor and the drain (or the second terminal or the like) are distinguished. The technical scope can be determined.

In addition, these expression methods are examples, and are not limited to these expression methods. Here, it is assumed that X, Y, Z1, and Z2 are objects (for example, devices, elements, circuits, wirings, electrodes, terminals, conductive films, layers, and the like).

In addition, even when the components shown in the circuit diagram are electrically connected to each other, even when one component has the functions of a plurality of components. There is also. For example, in the case where a part of the wiring also functions as an electrode, one conductive film has both the functions of the constituent elements of the wiring function and the electrode function. Therefore, the term “electrically connected” in this specification includes in its category such a case where one conductive film has functions of a plurality of components.

C (g) Electrode M (h) Electrode CL (g) Control line ML (h) Signal line DC detection circuit OSC Oscillation circuit P1 Position information BM Light shielding film SD Drive circuit GD Drive circuit GDA Drive circuit GDB Drive circuit CP Conductive material ANO Conductive film BR (g, h) Conductive film SS Control information CSCOM Wiring ACF1 Conductive material ACF2 Conductive material AF1 Alignment film AF2 Alignment film C11 Capacitance element C12 Capacitance element CF1 Colored film CF2 Colored film G1 (i) Scan line G2 (i) Scan Line KB1 structure KB2 structure S1 detection information S1 (j) signal line S2 (j) signal line SD1 drive circuit SD2 drive circuit SW1 switch SW2 switch V1 image information V11 information V12 information VCOM1 wiring VCOM2 conductive film FPC1 flexible printed circuit board FPC2 flexible Pre Board 10 unit 20 unit 30 input unit 200 information processing device 210 arithmetic device 211 arithmetic unit 212 storage unit 214 transmission path 215 input / output interface 220 input / output device 230 display unit 231 display area 234 expansion circuit 235M image processing circuit 235M (1) Region 235M (2) region 238 control unit 240 input unit 241 detection region 250 detection unit 290 communication unit 501B insulating film 501C insulating film 504 conductive film 505 bonding layer 506 insulating film 508 semiconductor film 508A region 508B region 508C region 511B conductive film 511C conductive Film 511D Conductive film 512A Conductive film 512B Conductive film 516 Insulating film 518 Insulating film 518A Insulating film 518B Insulating film 519B Terminal 519C Terminal 519D Terminal 520 Functional layer 521 Edge film 521A Insulating film 521B Insulating film 521C Insulating film 522 Connection portion 524 Conductive film 528 Insulating film 530 (i, j) Pixel circuit 550 (i, j) Display element 551 Electrode 552 Electrode 553 (j) Including luminescent material Layer 560 Optical element 560A Region 560B Region 560C Region 565 Coating film 565A Metal film 565B Translucent film 570 Substrate 591A Opening 591C Opening 592A Opening 592B Opening 592C Opening 700 Display panel 700B Display panel 700TP2 Input / output panel 700TP3 Input / output panel 702 (i, j) Pixel 705 Sealing material 706 Insulating film 720 Functional layer 750 (i, j) Display element 751A Conductive film 751B Reflective film 751C Conductive film 751H Region 752 Electrode 753 Layer 770 containing liquid crystal material 770D Functional film 770P Functional film 771 Insulating film 775 Sensing element 5000 Housing 5001 Display unit 5002 Display unit 5003 Speaker 5004 LED lamp 5005 Operation key 5006 Connection terminal 5007 Sensor 5008 Microphone 5009 Switch 5010 Infrared port 5011 Recording medium reading unit 5012 Support unit 5013 Earphone 5014 Antenna 5015 Shutter button 5016 Image receiver 5017 Charger 6000 Display module 6001 Upper cover 6002 Lower cover 6005 FPC
6006 Display panel 6009 Frame 6010 Printed circuit board 6011 Battery 6015 Light emitting unit 6016 Light receiving unit 6017a Light guiding unit 6017b Light guiding unit 6018 Light 7302 Case 7304 Display panel 7305 Icon 7306 Icon 7311 Operation button 7312 Operation button 7313 Connection terminal 7321 Band 7322 Clasp

Claims

Have pixels,
The pixel includes an optical element, a coating film, a first display element, and a second display element,
The optical element has translucency,
The optical element includes a first region, a second region, and a third region,
The first area includes an area supplied with visible light;
The second region includes a region in contact with the coating film,
The third region has a function of emitting a part of the visible light,
The third region has an area equal to or smaller than the area of the first region to which the visible light is supplied.
The coating film has reflectivity for the visible light,
The coating film has a function of reflecting a part of the visible light and supplying it to the third region,
The first display element includes a reflective film,
The first display element has a function of controlling light reflected by the reflective film,
The reflective film has a shape that does not block the light emitted by the third region of the optical element,
The second display element has a function of supplying the visible light.
The optical element includes an optical axis,
The optical axis passes through the center of the first region to which the visible light is supplied and the center of the third region,
The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the second region includes an inclined portion having an inclination of 45 ° or more with respect to a plane orthogonal to the optical axis.
The said 2nd area | region is equipped with the said inclination part in the range of 0.05 micrometer or more and 0.2 micrometer or less from the edge of the area | region where the said visible light of the said 1st area | region is supplied. Display panel.
The region to which the visible light of the first region is supplied has an area larger than 10% of the area of the pixel,
The third region has an area of 10% or less of the area of the pixel,
The reflective film has an area of 70% or more of the area of the pixel,
The display panel according to claim 1, wherein a sum of an area of the first region to which the visible light is supplied and an area of the reflective film is larger than an area of the pixel.
The second region includes a translucent material;
The translucent material has a refractive index of 1.3 to 2.5,
The coating film includes a translucent film,
The translucent film includes a region in contact with the second region,
The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the light-transmitting film has a lower refractive index than the second region.
3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the coating film includes a metal film.
The display panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first region has a shape curved toward the third region.
The display panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first region has a shape curved in a direction away from the third region.
With a lens,
The lens includes a region sandwiched between the optical element and the second display element,
The lens includes a material having a refractive index of 1.5 or more and 2.5 or less,
The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the lens is a convex lens.
The pixel is
A first conductive film;
A second conductive film;
An insulating film;
A pixel circuit,
The insulating film includes a region sandwiched between the first conductive film and the second conductive film,
The insulating film includes an opening,
The first conductive film is electrically connected to the first display element;
The second conductive film includes a region overlapping with the first conductive film,
The second conductive film is electrically connected to the first conductive film in the opening,
The second conductive film is electrically connected to the pixel circuit;
The second display element is electrically connected to the pixel circuit;
The second display element has a function of emitting light toward the insulating film,
The second display element is arranged so that a display using the second display element can be visually recognized in a part of a range where the display using the first display element can be visually recognized.
The display panel according to claim 1 or 2.
Has a display area,
The display area includes a group of a plurality of pixels, another group of a plurality of pixels, a scanning line and a signal line,
The group of pixels includes the pixels;
The group of pixels is arranged in a row direction,
The other group of the plurality of pixels includes the pixel,
The other group of the plurality of pixels is arranged in a column direction intersecting the row direction,
The scanning line is electrically connected to the plurality of pixels in the group,
The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the signal line is electrically connected to the plurality of pixels of the other group.
A display panel according to claim 1 or 2,
A control unit,
The control unit has a function of being supplied with image information and control information,
The control unit has a function of generating first information or second information based on the image information,
The control unit has a function of supplying the first information and the second information,
The display panel has a function of supplying the first information and the second information,
The first display element has a function of displaying based on the first information,
The display device having a function of displaying the second display element based on the second information.
An input unit and a display unit;
The display unit includes the display panel according to claim 1 or 2,
The input unit includes a region overlapping the display unit,
The input unit includes a detection area,
The detection area includes a detection element;
The input / output device having a function of detecting the detection element close to a region overlapping with the pixel.
The detection area includes a control line and a detection signal line,
The control line has a function of supplying a control signal,
The detection signal line has a function of supplying a detection signal;
The detection element is electrically connected to the control line and the detection signal line,
The detection element has a function of supplying the detection signal that changes based on a distance from an area adjacent to the region overlapping with the pixel and the control signal,
The sensing element includes a first electrode and a second electrode,
The first electrode includes a light-transmitting region in a region overlapping with the pixel,
The first electrode is electrically connected to the control line;
The second electrode includes a region having translucency in a region overlapping with the pixel,
The second electrode is electrically connected to the detection signal line;
14. The input / output according to claim 13, wherein the second electrode is disposed so as to form an electric field partially blocked by an element adjacent to a region overlapping with the pixel, between the first electrode and the first electrode. apparatus.
One or more of a keyboard, hardware buttons, a pointing device, a touch sensor, an illuminance sensor, an imaging device, a voice input device, a viewpoint input device, and a posture detection device, and the display panel according to claim 1 or 2, Including an information processing apparatus.