WO2018036383A1 - 一种洗衣机排水牵引装置及洗衣机 - Google Patents

一种洗衣机排水牵引装置及洗衣机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018036383A1
WO2018036383A1 PCT/CN2017/096624 CN2017096624W WO2018036383A1 WO 2018036383 A1 WO2018036383 A1 WO 2018036383A1 CN 2017096624 W CN2017096624 W CN 2017096624W WO 2018036383 A1 WO2018036383 A1 WO 2018036383A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cam
section
contact piece
washing machine
traction motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/096624
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕佩师
杨林
张刚金
田云
刘建设
周春霞
Original Assignee
青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司
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Application filed by 青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司 filed Critical 青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司
Publication of WO2018036383A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018036383A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/30—Driving arrangements 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/16—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. for a door switch, a limit switch, a floor-levelling switch of a lift
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/42—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using cam or eccentric
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/10—Power supply arrangements, e.g. stand-by circuits
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/08—Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
    • D06F39/083—Liquid discharge or recirculation arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a laundry apparatus, and more particularly to a washing machine draining traction device and a washing machine equipped with the same.
  • the drain valve of the general washing machine uses two control lines, and the traction motor drives the drain valve to work.
  • the traction motor pull rope is in the initial state.
  • the traction motor is energized to drive the reel to rotate, causing the reel to wind up the drawstring to open the drain valve.
  • the traction motor is de-energized, and the drawstring of the traction motor is quickly reset to the initial state, so that the drain valve is closed. Since the traction motor is not controlled after the power is turned off, the traction motor is easily reset when the traction motor is powered off, and it is difficult to maintain the original position.
  • the present invention has been made in view of this.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a washing and drainage device for a washing machine which can accurately control both the opening and the returning position and has high control precision.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a washing machine equipped with the above-described drainage traction device to achieve better clutch switching and drainage effect of the deceleration clutch.
  • a washing machine drainage traction device comprising: a traction motor, further comprising: a cam switching device and an electronic switch, the cam switching device comprising: a cam connected to the traction motor shaft and a physical switch disposed on the cam side and in contact with the cam, The physical switch and the electronic switch are connected in series to form a dual control switch to control the power supply of the traction motor to be turned on or off, the electronic switch is controlled by the washing machine program, and the physical switch is controlled by the rotational position control of the cam.
  • the cam has a first position and a second position that trigger a physical switching action.
  • the traction motor is suspended, and the washing machine program controls the electronic switch to switch to make the traction motor energized.
  • the cam continues to rotate to the position where the next physical switch action is triggered.
  • the physical switch is a single-pole double-throw switch, and includes a first contact piece, a second contact piece and an intermediate contact piece.
  • the traction motor has two terminals, one of which is a common end and is connected to a power source through a wire. The other terminal is coupled to the intermediate contact, and the rotation of the cam causes the first contact and the second contact to alternately disconnect from the intermediate contact, the electronic switch controlling the first contact and the second contact to alternately be connected to the power source.
  • the cam when the cam is in the first position, the first contact piece is triggered to be disconnected from the intermediate contact piece, so that the traction motor is powered off, until the electronic switch controls the second contact piece to be connected to the power source, and the traction motor is energized;
  • the second position the second contact is triggered to be disconnected from the intermediate contact, and the traction motor is powered off until the electronic switch controls the first contact to be powered on, and the traction motor is energized.
  • a surface of the cam is provided with a cross section for jumping the elastic contact piece toward the center of the cam
  • the cross section includes a first cross section and a second cross section disposed symmetrically with the first cross section, the second cross section
  • the portion is concavely formed in the direction of rotation of the cam to form a third section that is offset from the second section; the second contact piece, the middle contact piece and the first contact piece are arranged side by side on the same side of the cam and are disposed tangentially to the wheel surface of the cam.
  • the contact points of the first contact piece and the intermediate contact piece with the cam are adjacent to the contact point of the second contact piece and the cam, and the widths of the action ends of the first contact piece and the second contact piece are matched with the cam width, and the middle contact piece
  • the width of the action end matches the width of the third section and is aligned with the third section.
  • the distance from the apex of the second section to the center of the cam is greater than the distance from the apex of the first section to the center of the cam, and the first section and the second section are smoothly connected by the curved surface.
  • the radius of the curved surface gradually increases along the rotation direction of the cam, and the radial dimension of the cam decreases at the section, the width of the first section is the same as the width of the cam, and the second section and the third section The width is smaller than the first section.
  • the third section is deflected by a certain angle with respect to the second section to the direction of rotation of the cam, and the minimum distance from the third section to the second section is not less than the distance between the action ends of the intermediate contact piece and the second contact piece in the longitudinal direction.
  • one end of the elastic contact piece is fixedly connected to an insulating holder, and the other end is in contact with a cam, and the holder is fixedly connected to the casing of the traction motor.
  • a washing machine is installed with the above-mentioned washing machine drainage traction device, and the traction motor is connected to a drain valve of a washing machine through a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism includes a traction wheel connected to a traction motor rotating shaft, and the traction wheel is eccentrically provided with a a cylindrical protrusion to which a traction rope is connected, the other end of the traction rope is connected with a drain valve, and the traction wheel drives the drain valve to reciprocate when the traction wheel rotates, so that the drain valve is opened Or close.
  • the traction motor is preferably a synchronous motor, has a power-off self-locking function, can be kept in a stop position during power failure, and does not rotate at random, the traction motor is used to control the opening and closing of the drain valve and control the deceleration clutch brake unit action Since the drain valve has a returning elastic force, when the washing machine is powered off, the ordinary self-locking motor is easy to rotate under the pulling of the drain valve, and the present invention adopts the synchronous motor with the power-off self-locking function to avoid the power failure of the washing machine. A reset occurs so that the clutch of the deceleration clutch is still in the original position to prevent damage to the deceleration clutch.
  • the invention realizes the physical power-off of the traction motor by setting the cam switch device, has the advantages of high positioning precision and simple control process, the cam switch device adopts pure mechanical structure, reliable operation, high service life, and the opening and closing process of the drain valve are both Driven by the traction motor, the reset action of the traction motor in the power-off state is avoided, and the clutch of the deceleration clutch is guaranteed to be in the original state.
  • the rotation of the traction motor directly controls the action of the physical switch to form a closed-loop control, so the anti-interference ability is strong, the control precision is high, and the operation is stable and reliable.
  • Figure 1 Overall schematic view of the washing and drainage device of the washing machine of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the explosion structure of the washing and drainage device of the washing machine of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the washing machine drainage traction device of the present invention when the cam is in the first position;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the washing machine drainage traction device of the present invention when the cam is in the second position;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a cam of the washing and drainage device of the washing machine of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit connection of the traction motor of the present invention.
  • a washing machine drainage traction device includes a traction motor 3 , a casing 1 and an end cover 2 for protecting the traction motor 3 , and the traction motor 3 is fixedly mounted on the casing 1 and the end cover 2 .
  • the drainage traction device further includes a cam switching device and an electronic switch 14 for controlling the operation of the traction motor 3, wherein the electronic switch 14 is controlled by the washing machine program, and controls the traction motor 3 to be started at a specific time point, and the cam switching device is driven by the traction motor 3
  • the self-rotation trigger is used to control the traction motor 3 to rotate to a specific position and then stop.
  • the cam switch device includes a cam 5 coupled to the shaft of the traction motor 3, a physical switch 10 disposed on one side of the cam 5 and in contact with the cam 5, the physical switch 10 periodically acting with the rotation of the cam 5, the physical switch 10 and the electronic switch 14 are connected in series to form a dual control switch to control the power supply of the traction motor 3 to be turned on or off.
  • the electronic switch 14 is controlled by a washing machine program, and the physical switch 10 is controlled by the rotational position control of the cam 5.
  • the electronic switch 14 is used to control the start of the traction motor 3, and the physical switch 10 is used to control the stop of the traction motor 3.
  • the cam 5 has a first position and a second position for moving the physical switch 10, and the cam 5 reaches the first position or the second position by rotation, and can be circulated indefinitely at the cam 5. Rotate to the first position or The two positions can trigger the action of the physical switch 10 to suspend the traction motor 3.
  • the electronic switch 14 is controlled by the washing machine program to switch, so that the traction motor 3 is energized again to drive the cam 5 to continue to rotate to the position where the next physical switch 10 is activated.
  • the physical switch 10 is a single-pole double-throw switch, and includes a plurality of elastic contacts, respectively, a first contact 11, a second contact 12, and an intermediate contact 13.
  • the traction motor 3 has two wires. At the end, one of the terminals is a common terminal and is connected to the power source via a wire 9, preferably the terminal is connected to the neutral wire; the other terminal is connected to the intermediate contact piece 13.
  • the electronic switch 14 is connected to a power source, preferably to a live wire, and the electronic switch 14 controls the first contact piece 11 and the second contact piece 12 to be alternately connected to a power source.
  • the first contact piece 11 and the second contact piece 12 are periodically disconnected from the intermediate contact piece 13 with the rotation of the cam 5, and when the cam 5 is in the first position, the first contact piece 11 and the intermediate contact piece 13 are broken.
  • the second contact piece 12 is kept in contact with the intermediate contact piece 13; when the cam 5 is in the second position, the second contact piece 12 is disconnected from the intermediate contact piece 13, and the first contact piece 11 is kept in contact with the intermediate contact piece 13.
  • the wheel surface of the cam 5 is provided with a plurality of sections for causing the elastic contact piece to jump toward the center of the cam 5, and the radial dimension of the cam 5 is suddenly reduced at the section;
  • the section includes, first
  • the cross section 51 has a second cross section 52 which is disposed symmetrically with respect to the first cross section 51.
  • a portion of the second cross section 52 is recessed in the direction of rotation of the cam 5 to form a third cross section 53 which is displaced from the second cross section 52.
  • the first section 51 and the second section 52 are smoothly joined by two arcuate faces which gradually increase in radius in the direction of rotation of the cam 5.
  • the width of the first section 51 is the same as the width of the cam 5, and the width of the second section 52 and the third section 53 is smaller than the first section 51.
  • the second contact piece 12, the intermediate contact piece 13, and the first contact piece 11 are arranged side by side on the side of the cam 5 along the center distance of the cam 5, and are in tangential contact with the wheel surface of the cam 5.
  • the contact point of the first contact piece 11 and the intermediate contact piece 13 with the cam 5 is forward of the contact point of the second contact piece 12 and the cam 5 in the rotation direction of the cam 5 so as to be first when passing through the first section 51
  • the jump action of the contact piece 11 and the intermediate contact piece 13 is later than the second contact piece 12, that is, the second contact piece 12 first jumps and is disconnected from the intermediate contact piece 13, and correspondingly, when the second contact piece 12 jumps, the cam 5 is in the second position.
  • the widths of the working ends of the first contact piece 11 and the second contact piece 12 are matched with the width of the cam 5, and the action end of the intermediate contact piece 13 is provided with a notch so that the width of the end portion matches the width of the third section 53 and The third section 53 is aligned.
  • the third section 53 is disposed further forward than the second section 52.
  • the intermediate contact piece 13 also passes through the third section 53 and jumps, causing the intermediate contact piece 13 and the second contact piece 12 to jump before the first contact piece 11.
  • the connection between the first contact piece 11 and the intermediate contact piece 13 is broken, and correspondingly, when the second contact piece 12 and the intermediate contact piece 13 are simultaneously skipped, the cam 5 is located at the first position.
  • the third section 53 is deflected by a certain angle with respect to the rotation direction of the cam 5 with respect to the second section 52, and the minimum distance of the third section 53 to the second section 5 is not less than the movement of both the intermediate contact piece 13 and the second contact piece 12.
  • the spacing of the ends in the length direction is such that while the second contact 12 passes the second section 52, the intermediate contact 13 also passes through the third section 53.
  • the distance from the apex of the second section 52 to the center of the cam 5 is greater than the distance from the apex of the first section 51 to the center of the cam 5 to ensure that the first contact piece 11 and the intermediate contact piece 13 are disconnected. , can generate enough distance to avoid electrical breakdown.
  • the elastic contact piece is fixed on the outer casing of the traction motor 3 by an insulating holder 4, one end of the elastic contact piece is fixedly connected with the cage 4, the other end is in contact with the cam 5, and is pressed against the tread of the cam 5.
  • the contact ends of the elastic contact piece are provided with contacts for mutual contact, and the holder 4 is fixedly connected to the casing of the traction motor 3.
  • the traction motor 3 is preferably a synchronous motor, has a power-off self-locking function, can be kept in a stop position when the power is off, does not rotate randomly, and the traction motor 3 is used to control the opening and closing of the drain valve and control the deceleration clutch brake.
  • the unit action because the drain valve has a returning elastic force, when the washing machine is powered off, the ordinary self-locking motor is easy to rotate under the pulling of the drain valve, and the present invention adopts a synchronous motor with a power-off self-locking function to avoid the washing machine being broken.
  • the electric power is reset so that the clutch of the deceleration clutch is still in the original position to prevent damage to the deceleration clutch.
  • a washing machine is installed with the above-mentioned washing machine draining traction device, and the traction motor 3 is connected to a drain valve of the washing machine through a transmission mechanism for driving the drain valve to open or close.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a traction pulley 6 connected to the shaft of the traction motor 3, the traction wheel 6 is eccentrically provided with a cylindrical protrusion 61, and the cylindrical protrusion 61 is connected with a traction rope 8 The other end of the 8 is connected to a drain valve which, when rotated, drives the drain valve to reciprocate by the traction rope 8 to cause the drain valve to be opened or closed.
  • the traction sheave 6 is mounted coaxially with the cam 5 on the shaft of the traction motor 3 and is fixed by a screw 7.
  • the corresponding traction motor 3 opens the drain valve through the transmission mechanism, and when the cam 5 is rotated from the second position to the first position, the corresponding traction motor 3 passes through the transmission.
  • the mechanism closes the drain valve, or when the cam 5 is rotated from the first position to the second position, the corresponding traction motor 3 closes the drain valve through the transmission mechanism, and when the cam 5 is rotated from the second position to the first position, the corresponding traction The motor 3 opens the drain valve through a transmission mechanism.
  • the control process of the present invention is: in the initial state, the cam 5 is located at the first position or the second position.
  • the cam 5 is located at the first position, for example, the second contact piece 12 and the intermediate contact piece at this time. 13 contact, the first contact piece 11 is disconnected from the intermediate contact piece 13, and the traction motor 3 is in a power-off state.
  • the electronic switch 14 switches to energize and rotate the traction motor 3 to drive the traction wheel 6 and the cam 5 Simultaneously rotating, and pulling the drain valve through the traction rope 8 to open the drain valve, the first contact piece 11 is in contact with the intermediate contact piece 13 as the traction motor 3 rotates, and when the cam 5 reaches the second position, the second contact piece 12 Jumping occurs, disconnected from the middle contact piece 13, and the traction motor 3 is powered off.
  • the drain valve is in the open position, and the washing machine automatically drains; when the draining is completed, the electronic switch 14 is switched again, and the traction motor 3 is re-energized and continues to rotate.
  • the traction motor 3 rotates, the second contact piece 12 comes into contact with the intermediate contact piece 13, the traction wheel 6 is gradually rotated to the initial position, and when the cam 5 is rotated to the first position, the second contact piece 12 and the intermediate contact piece 13 Jumping at the same time, First contact 11 and the center contact 13 is disconnected, the traction motor 3 is energized again, this time, all the moving parts return to the initial state, the drain valve is closed, the end of the drain, waiting for the next discharge.
  • the invention controllably disconnects the electronic switch 14 from the traction motor 3 by setting the physical switch 10 triggered by the rotation of the traction motor 3, and associates the running time of the traction motor 3 with the angle of its operation to form a closed loop control, which is effective Improve the accuracy and reliability of the control.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Main Body Construction Of Washing Machines And Laundry Dryers (AREA)

Abstract

一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，包括：牵引电机（3）、凸轮开关装置和电子开关（14）；凸轮开关装置包括：与牵引电机转轴连接的凸轮（5）和设置在凸轮（5）一侧并与凸轮（5）接触的物理开关（10），物理开关（10）和电子开关（14）串联构成双控开关控制牵引电机（3）电源的接通或断开，电子开关（14）由洗衣机程序控制切换，物理开关（10）由凸轮（5）的转动位置控制切换。通过物理开关与电子开关共同控制牵引电机的运行与停止，凸轮的形状及位置控制凸轮的转动角度，形成闭环控制，有效提高了控制的精度和可靠性。

Description

一种洗衣机排水牵引装置及洗衣机 技术领域
本发明涉及洗衣设备，尤其是一种洗衣机排水牵引装置及安装有该排水牵引装置的洗衣机。
背景技术
目前，一般洗衣机的排水阀都是使用两根控制线，由牵引电机带动排水阀工作，当洗涤状态时，牵引电机拉绳处于初始状态。当脱水开始时，牵引电机通电，驱动卷线轮旋转，使卷线轮把拉绳卷起拉紧以打开排水阀。当脱水结束以后，牵引电机断电，牵引电机的拉绳迅速复位至初始状态，使排水阀关闭。由于牵引电机断电后，其转动不受控制，因此，在牵引电机断电状态下，牵引电机容易复位，难以保持在原来的位置。
鉴于此提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种拉开和复位位置都能够准确控制，控制精度高的洗衣机排水牵引装置。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种安装有上述排水牵引装置的洗衣机，以达到更好的减速离合器的离合切换以及排水效果。
为了实现第一发明目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，包括，牵引电机，还包括，凸轮开关装置和电子开关，所述凸轮开关装置包括：与牵引电机转轴连接的凸轮和设置在凸轮一侧并与凸轮接触的物理开关，物理开关和电子开关串联构成双控开关控制牵引电机电源的接通或断开，电子开关由洗衣机程序控制切换，物理开关由凸轮的转动位置控制切换。
进一步，所述凸轮具有触发物理开关动作的第一位置和第二位置，凸轮旋转至第一位置/第二位置触发物理开关动作时，牵引电机暂停，洗衣机程序控制电子开关切换使得牵引电机通电带动凸轮继续转动至下一触发物理开关动作的位置。
进一步，所述物理开关为单刀双掷开关，包括第一触片、第二触片和中间触片，所述牵引电机具有两个接线端，其中一接线端为公共端并通过导线与电源连接，另一接线端与中间触片连接，凸轮的旋转使得第一触片和第二触片交替与中间触片断开，所述电子开关控制第一触片和第二触片交替与电源连接。
进一步，所述凸轮位于第一位置时，触发第一触片与中间触片断开，使牵引电机断电，直至所述电子开关控制第二触片与电源接通，牵引电机通电；所述凸轮位于第二位置时，触发第二触片与中间触片断开，使牵引电机断电，直至所述电子开关控制第一触片与电源接通，牵引电机通电。
进一步，所述凸轮的轮面上设置有使弹性触片向凸轮中心跳跃的断面，所述断面包括，第一断面、与第一断面呈中心对称设置的第二断面，所述第二断面的局部向凸轮旋转方向内凹，形成与第二断面错位的第三断面；所述第二触片、中间触片、第一触片并排设置在凸轮同一侧，并与凸轮的轮面相切设置，所述第一触片和中间触片与凸轮的接触点靠前于第二触片与凸轮的接触点，所述第一触片和第二触片动作端的宽度与凸轮宽度匹配，中间触片动作端的宽度与第三断面的宽度匹配，且与第三断面对齐。
进一步，所述第二断面的顶点到凸轮中心的距离大于所述第一断面的顶点到凸轮中心的距离，第一断面和第二断面之间通过弧形面平滑连接。
进一步，所述弧形面的半径沿着凸轮的旋转方向逐渐增大，且在断面处凸轮的径向尺寸减小，所述第一断面的宽度与凸轮宽度相同，第二断面和第三断面的宽度小于第一断面。
进一步，所述第三断面相对第二断面向凸轮旋转方向偏转一定角度，第三断面到第二断面的最小距离不小于中间触片与第二触片两者动作端在长度方向的间距。
进一步，所述弹性触片的一端固定连接在一绝缘保持架上，另一端与凸轮接触，所述保持架与牵引电机的机壳固定连接。
为了实现第二发明目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种洗衣机，安装有上述洗衣机排水牵引装置，所述牵引电机通过传动机构与洗衣机的排水阀连接，所述传动机构包括，与牵引电机转轴连接的牵引轮，所述牵引轮上偏心的设有一圆柱形凸起，所述圆柱形凸起上连接有一牵引绳，所述牵引绳的另一端与排水阀连接，所述牵引轮旋转时通过牵引绳驱动排水阀往复运动，以使排水阀被打开或关闭。
所述牵引电机优选为同步电动机，具有断电自锁功能,可以在断电时保持在停止位置，不会随意发生转动，牵引电机用于控制排水阀的通断和控制减速离合器制动单元动作，由于排水阀具有回复弹力，在洗衣机断电时，普通无自锁的电动机容易在排水阀的拉动下发生转动，而本发明采用具有断电自锁功能的同步电动机能够避免在洗衣机断电时发生复位，以使减速离合器的离合仍处于原来位置，防止损坏减速离合器。
采用本发明所述的技术方案后，带来以下有益效果：
本发明通过设置凸轮开关装置实现牵引电机的物理断电，具有定位精度高，控制过程简单的优点，凸轮开关装置采用纯机械结构，运行可靠，使用寿命高，并且排水阀的打开和关闭过程都由牵引电机驱动，避免了牵引电机在断电状态下的复位动作，保证了减速离合器的离合处于原来状态。另外，牵引电机的旋转直接控制物理开关的动作，形成闭环控制，因此抗干扰能力强，控制精度高，运行稳定可靠。
附图说明
图1：本发明洗衣机排水牵引装置的整体示意图；
图2：本发明洗衣机排水牵引装置的爆炸结构示意图；
图3：本发明洗衣机排水牵引装置的凸轮位于第一位置时的示意图；
图4：本发明洗衣机排水牵引装置的凸轮位于第二位置时的示意图；
图5：本发明洗衣机排水牵引装置的凸轮的结构示意图；
图6：本发明的牵引电机的电路连接原理图；
其中：1、外壳 2、端盖 3、牵引电机 4、保持架 5、凸轮 6、牵引轮 7、螺钉 8、牵引绳 9、导线 10、物理开关 11、第一触片 12、第二触片 13、中间触片 14、电子开关 51、第一断面 52、第二断面 53、第三断面 61、圆柱形凸起。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的描述。
结合图1、图2和图6所示，一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，包括，牵引电机3、保护牵引电机3的外壳1和端盖2，牵引电机3固定安装在外壳1和端盖2形成的空腔内。该排水牵引装置还包括，控制牵引电机3动作的凸轮开关装置和电子开关14，其中，电子开关14由洗衣机程序控制，并在特定的时间点控制牵引电机3启动，凸轮开关装置由牵引电机3自身旋转触发，用于控制牵引电机3旋转至特定位置后停止。
所述凸轮开关装置包括，与牵引电机3转轴连接的凸轮5，设置在凸轮5一侧并与凸轮5接触的物理开关10，所述物理开关10随凸轮5的旋转发生周期性动作，物理开关10和电子开关14串联构成双控开关控制牵引电机3电源的接通或断开。
所述电子开关14由洗衣机程序控制切换，物理开关10由凸轮5的转动位置控制切换。当任意开关发生切换时，都将改变牵引电机3的动作状态，电子开关14用于控制牵引电机3的启动，物理开关10用于控制牵引电机3的停止。
结合图3和图4所示，所述凸轮5具有使物理开关10动作的第一位置和第二位置，凸轮5通过旋转到达第一位置或第二位置，并可无限次循环，在凸轮5旋转至第一位置或第 二位置时皆可触发物理开关10动作，使牵引电机3暂停。在牵引电机3下次动作时，由洗衣机程序控制电子开关14切换，使得牵引电机3再次通电带动凸轮5继续转动至下一触发物理开关10动作的位置。
具体地，所述物理开关10为单刀双掷开关，包括多个弹性触片，分别为，第一触片11、第二触片12和中间触片13，所述牵引电机3具有两个接线端，其中一接线端为公共端并通过导线9与电源连接，优选该端连接零线；另一接线端与中间触片13连接。所述电子开关14与电源连接，优选为与火线连接，电子开关14控制第一触片11和第二触片12交替与电源连接。所述第一触片11和第二触片12随凸轮5的旋转周期性的与中间触片13断开，且在凸轮5位于第一位置时，第一触片11与中间触片13断开，第二触片12与中间触片13保持接触；在凸轮5位于第二位置时，第二触片12与中间触片13断开，第一触片11与中间触片13保持接触。
如图5所示，所述凸轮5的轮面上设置有多个使弹性触片向凸轮5中心跳跃的断面，在断面处凸轮5的径向尺寸突然减小；所述断面包括，第一断面51、与第一断面51呈中心对称设置的第二断面52，所述第二断面52的局部向凸轮5旋转方向内凹，形成与第二断面52错位的第三断面53。第一断面51和第二断面52由两段弧形面平滑连接，所述弧形面沿凸轮5的旋转方向半径逐渐增大。所述第一断面51的宽度与凸轮5宽度相同，第二断面52和第三断面53的宽度小于第一断面51。
所述第二触片12、中间触片13、第一触片11沿着到凸轮5中心距离依次增大的方式并排设置在凸轮5一侧，且与凸轮5的轮面相切接触，所述第一触片11和中间触片13与凸轮5的接触点沿着凸轮5的旋转方向靠前于第二触片12与凸轮5的接触点，以使在经过第一断面51时，第一触片11和中间触片13的跳跃动作晚于第二触片12，即第二触片12先跳跃，并与中间触片13断开，相对应的，第二触片12跳跃时，凸轮5位于第二位置。所述第一触片11和第二触片12动作端的宽度与凸轮5宽度匹配，中间触片13动作端设有一缺口，以使其端部的宽度与第三断面53的宽度匹配，且与第三断面53对齐，在经过第二断面52时，由于中间触片13的宽度较窄，并对应在第三断面53处，第三断面53又靠前于第二断面52设置，因此，在第二触片12经过第二断面52发生跳跃的同时，中间触片13也经过第三断面53，并发生跳跃，使中间触片13和第二触片12先于第一触片11发生跳跃，断开第一触片11与中间触片13的连接，相对应的，第二触片12和中间触片13同时跳跃时，凸轮5位于第一位置。
优选地，所述第三断面53相对第二断面52向凸轮5旋转方向偏转一定角度，第三断面53到第二断面5的最小距离不小于中间触片13与第二触片12两者动作端在长度方向的间距，使得第二触片12在经过第二断面52的同时，中间触片13也恰好经过第三断面53。
相应地，所述凸轮5位于第一位置时，第二触片12恰好滑过第二断面52，且中间触片13恰好划过第三断面53，使第二触片12与中间触片13同时向凸轮5旋转中心跳动，以断开第一触片11与中间触片13的连接；所述凸轮5位于第二位置时，仅第二触片12恰好滑过第一断面51，并断开与中间触片13的连接。
优选地，所述第二断面52的顶点到凸轮5中心的距离大于所述第一断面51的顶点到凸轮5中心的距离，以保证第一触片11与中间触片13在断开连接时，能够产生足够的距离以避免发生电击穿。
优选地，所述弹性触片通过一绝缘保持架4固定在牵引电机3外壳上，弹性触片的一端与保持架4固定连接，另一端与凸轮5接触，并压触在凸轮5的轮面上，在弹性触片的动作端设有用于相互碰触的触点，所述保持架4与牵引电机3的机壳固定连接。
所述牵引电机3优选为同步电动机，具有断电自锁功能,可以在断电时保持在停止位置，不会随意发生转动，牵引电机3用于控制排水阀的通断和控制减速离合器制动单元动作，由于排水阀具有回复弹力，在洗衣机断电时，普通无自锁的电动机容易在排水阀的拉动下发生转动，而本发明采用具有断电自锁功能的同步电动机能够避免在洗衣机断电时发生复位，以使减速离合器的离合仍处于原来位置，防止损坏减速离合器。
一种洗衣机，安装有上述洗衣机排水牵引装置，所述牵引电机3通过传动机构与洗衣机的排水阀连接，用于驱动排水阀打开或关闭。
所述传动机构包括，与牵引电机3转轴连接的牵引轮6，所述牵引轮6偏心的设有一圆柱形凸起61，所述圆柱形凸起61上连接有一牵引绳8，所述牵引绳8的另一端与排水阀连接，所述牵引轮6旋转时通过牵引绳8驱动排水阀往复运动，以使排水阀被打开或关闭。优选地，所述牵引轮6与凸轮5同轴安装在牵引电机3的转轴上，并通过一螺钉7固定。
优选地，所述凸轮5由第一位置转动至第二位置时，对应牵引电机3通过传动机构打开排水阀，所述凸轮5由第二位置转动至第一位置时，对应牵引电机3通过传动机构关闭排水阀，或者，所述凸轮5由第一位置转动至第二位置时，对应牵引电机3通过传动机构关闭排水阀，所述凸轮5由第二位置转动至第一位置时，对应牵引电机3通过传动机构打开排水阀。
本发明的控制过程为：在初始状态时，凸轮5位于第一位置或第二位置，在本实施例中以凸轮5位于第一位置为例，此时的第二触片12与中间触片13接触，第一触片11与中间触片13断开，牵引电机3处于断电停止状态，在洗衣机完成洗涤后，电子开关14切换使牵引电机3通电并转动，带动牵引轮6和凸轮5同步转动，并通过牵引绳8拉动排水阀，使排水阀打开，随着牵引电机3的旋转，第一触片11与中间触片13接触，当凸轮5到达第二位置时，第二触片12发生跳跃，与中间触片13断开，牵引电机3断电，此时排水阀处于打开位置，洗衣机自动排水；当排水完成后，电子开关14再次切换，牵引电机3重新通电并继续旋转，随着牵引电机3的旋转，第二触片12与中间触片13接触，牵引轮6逐渐旋转至初始位置，在凸轮5旋转至达第一位置时，第二触片12和中间触片13同时发生跳跃，使第一触片11与中间触片13断开，牵引电机3再次断电，此时，所有运动部件回归至初始状态，排水阀关闭，排水结束，等待下次排水。
本发明通过设置由牵引电机3旋转触发的物理开关10，可控地断开电子开关14与牵引电机3的连接，并将牵引电机3的运行时间与其运转的角度相关联，形成闭环控制，有效提高了控制的精度和可靠性。
以上所述为本发明的实施方式，应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明原理前提下，还可以做出多种变形和改进，这也应该视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，包括牵引电机，其特征在于：还包括，凸轮开关装置和电子开关，所述凸轮开关装置包括：与牵引电机转轴连接的凸轮和设置在凸轮一侧并与凸轮接触的物理开关，物理开关和电子开关串联构成双控开关控制牵引电机电源的接通或断开，电子开关由洗衣机程序控制切换，物理开关由凸轮的转动位置控制切换。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，其特征在于：所述凸轮具有触发物理开关动作的第一位置和第二位置，凸轮旋转至第一位置/第二位置触发物理开关动作时，牵引电机暂停；洗衣机程序控制电子开关切换使得牵引电机通电带动凸轮继续转动至下一触发物理开关动作的位置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，其特征在于：所述物理开关为单刀双掷开关，包括多个弹性触片，分别为，第一触片、第二触片和中间触片，所述牵引电机具有两个接线端，其中一接线端为公共端并通过导线与电源连接，另一接线端与中间触片连接，凸轮的旋转使得第一触片和第二触片交替与中间触片断开，所述电子开关控制第一触片和第二触片交替与电源连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，其特征在于：所述凸轮位于第一位置时，触发第一触片与中间触片断开，使牵引电机断电，直至所述电子开关控制第二触片与电源接通，牵引电机通电；所述凸轮位于第二位置时，触发第二触片与中间触片断开，使牵引电机断电，直至所述电子开关控制第一触片与电源接通，牵引电机通电。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，其特征在于：所述凸轮的轮面上设置有使弹性触片向凸轮中心跳跃的断面，所述断面包括，第一断面、与第一断面呈中心对称设置的第二断面，所述第二断面的局部向凸轮旋转方向内凹，形成与第二断面错位的第三断面；所述第二触片、中间触片、第一触片并排设置在凸轮同一侧，并与凸轮的轮面相切设置，所述第一触片和中间触片与凸轮的接触点靠前于第二触片与凸轮的接触点，所述第一触片和第二触片动作端的宽度与凸轮宽度匹配，中间触片动作端的宽度与第三断面的宽度匹配，且与第三断面对齐。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，其特征在于：所述第二断面的顶点到凸轮中心的距离大于所述第一断面的顶点到凸轮中心的距离，第一断面和第二断面之间通过弧形面平滑连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，其特征在于：所述弧形面的半径沿着凸轮的旋转方向逐渐增大，且在断面处凸轮的径向尺寸减小，所述第一断面的宽度与凸轮宽度相同，第二断面和第三断面的宽度小于第一断面。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，其特征在于：所述第三断面相对第二断面向凸轮旋转方向偏转一定角度，第三断面到第二断面的最小距离不小于中间触片与第二触片两者动作端在长度方向的间距。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的一种洗衣机排水牵引装置，其特征在于：所述弹性触片的一端固定连接在一绝缘保持架上，另一端与凸轮接触，所述保持架与牵引电机的机壳固定连接。
  10. 一种洗衣机，其特征在于，安装有如权利要求1-9任一项所述的排水牵引装置，所述牵引电机通过传动机构与洗衣机的排水阀连接，所述传动机构包括，与牵引电机转轴连接的牵引轮，所述牵引轮上偏心的设有一圆柱形凸起，所述圆柱形凸起上连接有一牵引绳，所述牵引绳的另一端与排水阀连接，所述牵引轮旋转时通过牵引绳驱动排水阀往复运动，以使排水阀被打开或关闭。
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